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STEP BY STEP 3000 第三册答案Unit 1World News: International RelationsPart I Warming upA Tapescripts:1.The former American Defense Secretary William Perry hasrecommended a radical change of policy towards North Korea.2.Hundreds of thousands of mother s from across the United Statesgathere d here in Washington Sunday to push for tougher gun control laws.3.There's been further fighting between Macedonian forces and EthnicAlbanian guerrillas inside the Macedonian border with Kosovo.4.A bomb dropped by the United State's navy aircraft during training inKuwait has hit a group of military observers, killing six of them.5.NATO is taking a number of steps to allay growing disquiet about thepossible health risks from ammunitions containing depleted uranium, which it used in Kosovo and Bosnia.B1. What is the summit's statement expected to call on UN members? To make commitments to eradicate poverty, promote democracy and education, and reverse the spread of AIDS.2. Which three countries are admitted by ASEAN on Saturday? Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos.3. What happened on Friday about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor?A U. S. nuclear submarine tore through a Japanese fishing vessel, sinking it within minutes.How many people were on the vessel? And how many were missing?35/9.4. What happened in the West Bank and Gaza?Gun battles between Israeli troops and Palestinian gunmen have been raiding overnight.5. What are the problems with the nuclear facilities and nuclear plants in Japan?Some nuclear facilities have breached many health and safety laws. More than half of the nuclear plants failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements.Tapescripts:1. With the f inal declaration on its role in the 21st century, the summit's statement is expected to call on UN members to make commitments to eradicate poverty, promote democracy and education, and reverse the spread of AIDS. More than 150 heads of state and government attended the summit, the largest gathering of world leaders in history.2. The Association of South-East Asian Nations has decided to invite Burma to join its ranks, shrugging off western denunciations of the military regime in Rangoon. ASEAN foreign ministers voted on Saturday to admit Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos.3. The missing, four of them teenagers, were among 35 people aboard a high school fishing vessel from Japan. On Friday, a U.S. nuclear submarine tore through the ship, sinking it within minutes. The USS Greenville, which was not seriously damaged, was performing an emergency surfacing drill when the collision occurred about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor. Coast Guard rescue teams plucked all but nine of the victims from the rough seas.4. Gun battles between Israeli troops and Palestinian gunman have been raging overnight in the West Bank and Gaza. The upsurge in violence comes after Israeli attack helicopters targeted and killed a member of an elite Palestinian security force.5. Some nuclear facilities in Japan have breached many health and safety laws. Government inspectors checked 17 nuclear plants. More than half of them failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements. Japanese nuclear regulators have been ordered to crack down following the country's worst nuclear accident in September. Sixty-nine people were exposed to dangerous levels of radiation in the accident.Part II News reportsSummary:This news report tells us that the United Nations General Assembly has elected Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as its new non-permanent members of the Security Council.Statements:1. Columbia, Ireland, and Singapore won their seats as nonpermanent members of the Security Council on the first round of balloting while Mauritius and Norway won their seats on the fourth ballot.2. Sudan and Mauritius are two candidates for the second seat for the African and Asian group.3. There were three countries contending for the two seats allotted to the western industrialized group of nations.4. The Security Council is made up of 15 members, including five permanent members -- China, France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States--and 10 non-permanent members.Tapescript:The United Nations General Assembly has elected' Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as the new non-permanent members of the Security Council. The vote follows several weeks of haggling and maneuvering.Columbia, Ireland, and Singapore won the required two thirds majorityon the first round of balloting. But it took another three rounds of voting to decide on the remaining two regional seats.Contention marked the voting for the second seat for the African and Asian group. The United States lobbied intensely against Sudan, the candidate of the Organization of African Unity. Mauritius, the candidate supported by Washington, won on the fourth round of voting.Ireland easily captured one of the two seats allotted to the western industrialized group of nations on the first ballot. But Norway and Italy campaigned vigorously for the second spot. King Harald of Norway came to New York last week to press the case for his nation's representation on the Security Council for the first time since 1982. Norway also won on the fourth ballot. The new members begin their two-year terms in January. The Security Council is made up of a total of 15 members, including five permanent members -- China, France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States -- and 10 non-permanent members. Five non-permanent members are elected to two-year terms each year.BSummaryThis news report tells us that the United Nations Human Rights Commission was going to hold an emergency meeting to deal with the crisis situation between Israelis and Palestinians.Answers to the questions:1. 532.483.34. The United 18th7.No more than three days8. To get the Israelis and Palestinians back to the negotiating table9. 4 / Bosnian war / genocide in Rwanda / violence in East Timor Tapescript:Forty-eight of the ( United Nations Human Rights Commission's) 53 member nations voted to hold the emergency meeting. The United States cast the sole dissenting vote and Canada abstained. Three other countries did not vote.The special meeting will begin October 18th and will last for no more than three days.UN spokeswoman Marie Heuze says one purpose of the meeting is to try to learn how the cycle of violence between Israelis and Palestinians can be stopped."When you have such a high-profile for a crisis which is so dangerous, not only for the people in Palestine and in Israel, but in the region, thereis a fear -- and this is probably why there was a large consensus on this meeting to discuss the issue -- because the situation in this part of the world is so volatile, so dangerous, so important to control that everybody thinks that they have something to contribute."MsHeuze says she thinks the United Nations and the international community as a whole can play a constructive role in the present situation1. I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth. No single space project in this period will be more impressive to mankind, or more important for the long-range exploration of space; and none will be so difficult, or expensive to accomplish... But, in a very real sense, it will not be one man going to the moon. If we make this judgment affirmatively, it will be an entire nation ... I believe we should go to the moon. (John F. Kennedy 25/05/1961)2. As he said many times, in many parts of this nation, to those he touched and who sought to touch him: "Some men see things as they are and say 'Why?' I dream things that never were and say 'Why not?'" (Edward M. Kennedy 08/06/1968)3. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day, even the State of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. (Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. 28/08/1963)4. America needs a full-time President and a full-time Congress. Particularly at this time, with problems we face at home and abroad. To continue to fight through the months ahead for my personal vindication would almost totally absorb the time and attention of both the President and the Congress in a period when our entire focus should be on the great issues of peace abroad and prosperity without inflation at home. (Richard M. Nixon 08/08/1974)5. Thank you for opening up your minds and your hearts, for seeing the possibility of what we could do together for our children and for our future here in this state and in our nation. I am profoundly grateful to all of you for giving me the chance to serve you. I will... I will do everything I can to be worthy of your faith and trust and to honor the powerful example of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan ... I promise you tonight that I will reach across party lines to bring progress for all of New York's families. Today we voted as Democrats and Republicans. Tomorrow we begin again as New Yorkers .... (Hillary Clinton 07/11/2000)Unit 2Earth and EnvironmentPart 1Warming upA1....impact of climate change… damage to crops … worse...2. ...2000 delegates…northern Brazil … third United Nations Conference on Desertification.3....A huge oil spill … Mexico,...4. Wildfires … Florida … contained … a week...5....Greenland is melting around the edges …50 cubic kilometers raise global sea level ...B 1. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community.2. Reptile species are in greater trouble than amphibian species.3. A new approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade.4. One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction.5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware, called the “Boulder County Green Pages”.Part II News ReportsA...Washington … the information economy … deteriorating health of the planet … information economy … communication … education and entertainment … physical exam … vital signs … species … climate … temperatures … water tables … glaciers … forests … fisheries … to stabilize both climate and world population growthB Summary… the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. … global solutions are found soon.Answers to the questions1.1502. Monday3. Almost one billion people could suffer from ascarcity of water.4. Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, Northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America.5.To treat water as a precious resource.6. 5 liters7. 50 liters8.500 litersPart IIICity recyclingA a. 2 b. 4 c. 3 d. 1B130,000 / 80%2. Plastic / glass / tin cans / newspapers3. Recycle truck pick it up.4. One of community’s recycling centers5. Each weekday6. Conducts tours of the plant7. 3 / 48. Sod to other companies that make them into different products9. Made into new containers10. One of the top five in the USAUnit 3World News: Economic DevelopmentsPart I Warming upA1. Who have been meeting in Hong Kong today to discuss the outlook for the global economy?Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries.2. What does UNCTAD say about the worldwide total of foreign investment?It grew by 40% last Year to more than 600 billion dollars.3. Who has approved a cut in income tax rates?The United States House of Representatives.4. Who has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products? IntelWhat is its plan?To reduce its workforce by5,000.5. What decisions have been made by EU, the U.S. and Canada after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France?EU has imposed further restrictions on the movement of livestock.The U.S. and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of animal produce from EU.Tapescript:1. Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries have been meeting in Hong Kong today. One subject they likely discussed is the outlook for the global economy because of the U. S. slowdown and Japan's struggling recovery. Another topic they may have discussed is how to strengthen financial markets in emerging economies in Asia and elsewhere.2. A United Nations' report says the worldwide total of foreign investment grew by nearly 40% last year to more than 600 billion dollars. The report by the UN Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD says most of it took place between developed countries as big companies took one another over.3. The United States House of Representatives has approved a cut in income tax rates, the first part of a package of tax cutting measures put forward by President Bush. The income tax reductions will amount to nearly 1 trillion dollars over ten years.4. The world's largest maker of computer chips, Intel, has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products. Intel said it expected its revenue in the first quarter of this year to fall by a quarter than the same period last year. The California-based company plans to reduce its85,000-strong work force by 5,000.5. The European Union has imposed further restrictions on the movement of live-stock after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France. The United States and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of all animal produce from EU countries.BForeign exchange rates:1 dollar=1.733 German marks =126.9 Japanese yen1 pound =1.624 dollarsShare IndexDow Jones (up to)6,783 (+45) London’s 100 (up to)4,390 (+20)Nikkie closed2. Share Index:Dow Jones 10,116(+96)Standrd and Poor’s 500 1,254(+6) NASDAQ: (-1.5%)3. Share Index:Dow Jones 8,094 ( - 66 ) NASDAQ 1,662 (- 3 )FT100 ( -36 ) CAC Quarante( -33, -1% )DAX ( -1% )4. Most active stocks:Cable and Wireless HKT up $ 0.45 HSBC down $ 0.50 Hutchison down $ 0.50 Shanglongkai Property up$ 2.25China Telecom down $ 1.50 Chang Kong down $ 0.25 Pacific Century Cyberworlds down $ 0.10CCT Telecom down $ 0.275 New World CyberBasedown $ 0.075Hanong Holdings down $ 0.25Gold prices:Hong Kong gold:HK$ 2,670 London gold: US $ 2895. Earnings:Philips Electronics (last year): $ 2.4 billion ($ 300 million)Royal Dutch Shell (4th quarter): $ 3.6 billionElectronic Data Systems (4th quarter): $ 0.70 per share ( $ 0.02 up) Tapescripts:1. The dollar is trading at one German mark seventy-three point three and at 126.9 Japanese yen. The pound buys one dollar sixty-two point four. In New York, the Dow Share Index closed 45 higher at 6,783. Earlier London's 100 Share Index ended 20 higher at 4,390. In Tokyo, the Nikkei Share Index is closed for a holiday.2. The Dow Jones Industrial Average closed up 96 points at 10,116. The Standard and Poor's 500 Index gained 6 points to close at 1,254. But the NASDAQ Index lost 1.5% as high technology and Internet stocks were battered.3. Right now the Dow is down another 66 points at 8,094; the NASDAQ Composite down 3 points at 1,662. Turning to Europe's major markets: London stocks were hit by a wave of profit taking after five straight record closes; the FT 100 Index down 36 points; Paris seeing losses as well, the CAC quarante down 33 points or 1%; and Frankfurt's DAX also fell 1% after briefly moving into record territory.4. The Hang Seng Index closed down 89 points at 3,521. The turnover was 7.71 billion dollars. Now look at the ten most active stocks. Cable and Wireless HKT up 45 cents, HSBC holdings down 50 cents, Hutchison down 50 cents, Shanglongkai Property up $2.25, and China Telecom down $1.50, Chang Kong up 25 cents, Pacific Century Cyberworlds down 10 cents, CCT Telecom down 27.5 cents, New World Cyberspace down 7.5 cents, and Hanong Holdings down 25 cents. The Hang Seng Index future for November and December were all down. Hong Kong gold closed at 2,670 Hong Kong dollars, and London gold is trading at 289 U.S. dollars.5. Consumer electronics maker Philips Electronics reported a lower than expected profit for last year. The company made about $2.4 billion, more than $300 million below estimates. Oil company Royal Dutch Shell posted its earnings. It made roughly a $3.6 billion profit for its fourth quarter. That was essentially in line with Street expectations. Electronic Data Systems also reported its fourth quarter numbers last night. It posted a 70-cent profit per share, two cents better than expectations.Part II News reportsASummary:This news report is about Forbes's "Super 100 Global" list.Answer the questions:1. Which of the following corporations are the top five on Forbes's list? Mark their ranks.2 Citigroup4 HSBC Banking Company-- BP-Amoco5 Daimler-Chrysler1 General Electric Corporation Microsoft3 Bank of America2. How are the companies ranked?The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of their stock.3. How are the 100 companies distributed?46 in the United States, 54 in Europe and Japan.4. Why were none of the Internet-related firms included in the list? Because most of the Internet-related firms have little or no profits so far. Tapescripts:For the second year in a row, the General Electric Corporation is ranked number one in an annual survey of the 100 most powerful corporations in the world. The survey, compiled and published by Forbes business magazine, shows General Electric of the United States ranked number one, followed in second and third place by the U.S. banking and financial services giants Citigroup and Bank of America. In fourth and fifth place are the British-based HSBC Banking Company and Daimler-Chrysler, the German-American auto-company. The companies are ranked with acomposite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of its (their) stock. What the magazine calls its "Super 100 Global" list are 46 companies based in the United States and 54 in Europe and Japan.Mike Ozanian, the Forbes editor who compiled the list, says there is a growing trend of international mergers and acquisitions, citing companies such as Daimler-Chrysler andBP-Amoco, the Anglo-American Oil Company. Mr. Ozanian says that despite the huge capitalizations of many Internet-related firms, none were included because most have little, if any, profits -- at least not yet.B Summary:This news report gives us a general picture of the U.S. stock market. It also presents some analysts' views on the market.Statements:1. The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up less than one percent, to 10,546.2. An analyst said that sales growth at Intel could be stronger than expected.3. Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales because of the Thanksgiving holiday shopping season.4. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9% in October, their second monthly decline.5. According to investment strategist Alan Skrainka, this is a very good entry point for a long-term investor to get into the market. Tapescript:U.S. stock prices were mixed on Monday, with the "blue-chips" in a rally mode. But volume was only moderate after a holiday-shortened week last week, showing lingering uncertainty among investors.The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up 75 points, less than one percent, to 10,546. The S & P 500 Index gained 7 points. But the NASDAQ Composite backed off an early rally, taking a loss of almost one percent on weakness in selected technology stocks.The Dow Industrials actually got a boost from their technology components. Shares of Intel traded higher after an analyst said sales growth at the leading computer chip-maker could be stronger than expected. Microsoft stock also edged higher.Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales over the Thanksgiving weekend, as the holiday shopping season got underway. However, analysts caution the retail picture is still clouded because many stores offered bargains to attract shoppers. Experts worry that higher oil prices and interest rates will make this a less than merry Christmas season for U.S. merchants.The latest on the U.S. economy points to slower growth. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9 percent in October, their second monthly decline.Many analysts think uncertainty over the economy makes it increasingly likely that the major stock averages will close lower for the year. But investment strategist Alan Skrainka says the longer-term looks better. "No one can guess what will happen to the market over the next month. But over the long-term, we think the market looks very good. If you're a long-term investor, this is a very good entry point for getting into the market because this is what you've been waiting for. All the fear and uncertainty in the marketplace is setting us up for some very good values in the market."Part III Voice mail may cost company’s businessAJud Jessup (TakeCare HMO): …personalized service…”high service”…getting a recording…efficient…cost effective……individual problems….Stanley Plogue (Plogue Research): …a fourth…let out…voice mail system…given up…Sandy hale (Pacific Bell):…bottom line…costs…more efficient…customer service operations…a valuable tool.B1. T2. T3.F4.F5.T6.F7.F8.T9.T10. TC3. Five years ago, people were wary of voice-mail.4. TakeCare used a funny voice-mail message in its advertisements.6. V oice-mail decreases contact between customers and companies.7. The problem is not the technology, but the voice-mail menus.Part IV Business jargonA1.…language shorthand….2.…overuse business jargon…a negative effect…3.…a low opinion…management jargon…a third…a lack ofconfidence…one in five …untrustworthy…cover something up. 4.…an effective boss…can easily understand…of management jargon.B1. T2. T3.F4.F5. FC1.blue-sky thinking: imagine new or different ways of doing things2.get our ducks in a row: have everything arranged efficiently3.brain dump: tell everything you know about a particular subject4.think outside the box: be creative in how you think about problems5.the helicopter view: an overview6.a heads up: a warning7.that’s a real no-brainer: that’s simpleUnit 4World News: Up in SpacePart I Warming upA 1.To Mars / March of next year. 2. Because of a mechanical problem.3. 5 males and 2 females.4. NASA / At the end of September, 83 days after landing.5. To return home at the Kennedy Space Center after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope.B Mir Facts15 years the Soviet Union, now Russia$ 4.2 billion (for building and maintaining) 10 years (1986 —1996)135 tons 9,900 cubic feet63 feet wide and 85 feet long104 cosmonauts, astronauts 46 438 days747 days, three Mar. 23rd,Part II News reportsA Summary :… the smallest and most earth-like extra solar planet.Answers to questions:1.About a dozen.2. Five times the mass of the earth.3. A red dwarf.4.Two.5. One is similar to Neptune and the other is 8 times themass of the earth.B Event :NASA’s 12-year program of Mars • Starting time: 1996• Finishing time: 2008First installment:• Names of spacecrafts: the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter / the Pathfinder Lander• Arrival time: 1997• Mission: To collect and analyze rocksSecond installment:• Names of spacecrafts: the Polar Lander / the Mars Climate Orbiter• Launch time:December• Arrival time: Next DecemberMission:a.To inspect for subsurface waterb.To measure the distribution of water vapor, dust and condensates Grand finale: • Launch time: 2005 • Return time: 2008•Mission: To return soil and rock samples to Earth.Part III Returning to the MoonSummary:… UK’s possible collaboration with China on the Chang’e program. Answers to the questions:1. Four phases2. a. robotic spacecraftb. to return astronauts to the moonc. to set up a permanent space station3. Building of scientific instruments by UK4. Five days5. Thirteen daysUnit 5Part IA11.A successful brain tissue transplant carried out by a South Africansurgeon.2.The discovery of a new way to increase the effectiveness ofchemotherapy.3.The possibility of a new way to treat glaucoma.4.A new research on writing which shows that writing can result inclinically meaningful outcomes.A new research on writing which shows that writing can help people with chronic illness improve their health.5.The theory and function of acupuncture.A21.A week ago / Parkinson’s disease.2.A natural defense mechanism3.The death of brain cells4.Meeting patients’ psychological needs produces physical healthbenefits.5.Side effects / cut back on medication.1.The world’s leading transplant surgeon, Dr Christopher Bernard,has carried out one of the most difficult brain tissue transplants yet attempted. The South African surgeon has succeeded in transplanting tissues into the human brain in what is thought to be the first operation of its kind. The surgery was performed a week ago on a patient suffering from Parkinson’s disease. A portion ofthe patient’s adrenal gland was implanted into a part of the patient’s brain, an operation which has previously been performed only on rats and monkeys.2.Approximately a third of all people develop cancer at one point intheir lives. Chemotherapy has its limitations, but it is one of the major treatment options. Some American scientists have discovered they can increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy by inhibiting a natural defense mechanism employed by cancer cells.3.Glaucoma is responsible for blindness in an estimated 67 millionpeople around the world. Until now, treatments have focused exclusively on the eyes. But that may change in the next few year, following the discovery that glaucoma involves the death of brain cells.4.New research shows that the simple act of writing down thoughtsabout a stressful event can help people with chronic illnesses improve their health. This is the first study to show that writing can result in clinically meaningful outcomes for chronically-ill patients.The study adds to the growing amount of scientific literature suggesting that meeting patient’s psychological needs produces physical health benefits.5.Traditional Chinese medicine says that good health is associatedwith the balance of Qi. Qi can be hindered or helped by yang andyin. According to traditional theory, the goal of acupuncture is to promote the flow of qi by keeping yin and yang in balance ---- and this is done by inserting needles at various points along primary channels and meridians that crisscross the body. One of the key benefits of acupuncture is that it has few, if any, side-effects; and that when used with standard drug treatment --- in anesthesia, for example ---it allows physicians to cut back on medication, delivering the same level of benefit with fewer negative effects/B1.Instructions / characteristic / DNA / another / organism / geneticallymodified organism / genetic engineering2.Artificial fertilizers / pest control / food / farming / artificial fertilizers/ half3.Genetic material / unrelated / another species / animal /plant / goingacross4.Animals / cows, goats and pigs / genetically changed / pharmaceuticaldrugs / farming5.Novel / 1797-1851/ scientist / subhuman / destroying / creation thatends up destroying the creator.Part II（答案见听力原文中的红色部分）In North Beach in San Francisco, where some pretty super food gets served every night.。

stepbystep第三册答案

Unit 1 World News: International RelationsPart I Warming upATapescripts:1.The former American Defense Secretary William Perry hasrecommended a radical change of policy towards North Korea.2.Hundreds of thousands of mothers from across the United Statesgathered here in Washington Sunday to push for tougher gun control laws.3.There's been further fighting between Macedonian forces and EthnicAlbanian guerrillas inside the Macedonian border with Kosovo.4.A bomb dropped by the United State's navy aircraft during training inKuwait has hit a group of military observers, killing six of them.5.NATO is taking a number of steps to allay growing disquiet about thepossible health risks from ammunitions containing depleted uranium, which it used in Kosovo and Bosnia.BSummaryThis news report tells us that the United Nations Human Rights Commission was going to hold an emergency meeting to deal with the crisis situation between Israelis and Palestinians.Answers to the questions:1. 532. 483. 34. The United States5. Canada6. October 18th7. No more than three days8. To get the Israelis and Palestinians back to the negotiating table9. 4 / Bosnian war / genocide in Rwanda / violence in East Timor Tapescript:Forty-eight of the ( United Nations Human Rights Commission's) 53 member nations voted to hold the emergency meeting. The United States cast the sole dissenting vote and Canada abstained. Three other countries did not vote.The special meeting will begin October 18th and will last for no more than three days.UN spokeswoman Marie Heuze says one purpose of the meeting is to try to learn how the cycle of violence between Israelis and Palestinians can be stopped."When you have such a high-profile for a crisis which is so dangerous, not only for the people in Palestine and in Israel, but in the region, there is a fear -- and this is probably why there was a large consensus on thismeeting to discuss the issue -- because the situation in this part of the world is so volatile, so dangerous, so important to control that everybody thinks that they have something to contribute."Ms Heuze says she thinks the United Nations and the international community as a whole can play a constructive role in the present situation and in trying to get the Israelis and Palestinians back to the negotiating table. Officials from the UN Human Rights Commission will discuss the agenda toward the meeting on Wednesday.This is only the fifth time the commission has gone into emergency meeting to deal with a crisis situation. Previous sessions dealt with the Bosnian war, the genocide in Rwanda, and the violence in East Timor. Questions:1. How many members are there in the UN Human Rights Commission?2. How many of them voted to hold the emergency meeting?3. How many of them didn't vote?4. Which country cast the dissenting vote?5. Which country abstained?6. When will the meeting begin?7. How long will it last?8. What's the purpose of this meeting?9. How many emergency meetings have been held before this one?What were the three crisis situations that they dealt with?Unit 2 Earth and EnvironmentPart 1 Warming upB1. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community.2. Reptile species are in greater trouble than amphibian species.3. A new approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade.4. One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction.5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware, called the “Boulder County Green Pages”.Part II News ReportsA...Washingto n … the information economy … deteriorating health of the planet … information economy … communication … education andentertainment … physical exam … vital signs … species … climate … temperatures … water tables … glaciers … forests … fisheries … to stabilize both climate and world population growthUnit 3 World News: Economic DevelopmentsPart I Warming upA1. Who have been meeting in Hong Kong today to discuss the outlook for the global economy?Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries.2. What does UNCTAD say about the worldwide total of foreign investment?It grew by 40% last Year to more than 600 billion dollars.3. Who has approved a cut in income tax rates?The United States House of Representatives.4. Who has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products? IntelWhat is its plan?To reduce its workforce by5,000.5. What decisions have been made by EU, the U.S. and Canada after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France?EU has imposed further restrictions on the movement of livestock.The U.S. and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of animalproduce from EU.Tapescript:1. Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries have been meeting in Hong Kong today. One subject they likely discussed is the outlook for the global economy because of the U. S. slowdown and Japan's struggling recovery. Another topic they may have discussed is how to strengthen financial markets in emerging economies in Asia and elsewhere.2. A United Nations' report says the worldwide total of foreign investment grew by nearly 40% last year to more than 600 billion dollars. The report by the UN Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD says most of it took place between developed countries as big companies took one another over.3. The United States House of Representatives has approved a cut in income tax rates, the first part of a package of tax cutting measures put forward by President Bush. The income tax reductions will amount to nearly 1 trillion dollars over ten years.4. The world's largest maker of computer chips, Intel, has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products. Intel said it expected its revenue in the first quarter of this year to fall by a quarter than the same period last year. The California-based company plans to reduce its85,000-strong work force by 5,000.5. The European Union has imposed further restrictions on the movement of live-stock after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France. The United States and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of all animal produce from EU countries.Part II News reportsASummary:This news report is about Forbes's "Super 100 Global" list.Answer the questions:1. Which of the following corporations are the top five on Forbes's list? Mark their ranks.2 Citigroup4 HSBC Banking Company-- BP-Amoco5 Daimler-Chrysler1 General Electric Corporationn Microsoft3 Bank of America2. How are the companies ranked?The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of their stock.3. How are the 100 companies distributed?46 in the United States, 54 in Europe and Japan.4. Why were none of the Internet-related firms included in the list? Because most of the Internet-related firms have little or no profits so far. Tapescripts:For the second year in a row, the General Electric Corporation is ranked number one in an annual survey of the 100 most powerful corporations in the world.The survey, compiled and published by Forbes business magazine, shows General Electric of the United States ranked number one, followed in second and third place by the U.S. banking and financial services giants Citigroup and Bank of America. In fourth and fifth place are theBritish-based HSBC Banking Company and Daimler-Chrysler, the German-American auto-company. The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of its (their) stock. What the magazine calls its "Super 100 Global" list are 46 companies based in the United States and 54 in Europe and Japan.Mike Ozanian, the Forbes editor who compiled the list, says there is a growing trend of international mergers and acquisitions, citing companies such as Daimler-Chrysler and BP-Amoco, the Anglo-American Oil Company. Mr. Ozanian says that despite the huge capitalizations of manyInternet-related firms, none were included because most have little, if any, profits -- at least not yet.英语专业学生经典的听力材料Part IA11. A successful brain tissue transplant carried out by a South African surgeon.2. The discovery of a new way to increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy.3. The possibility of a new way to treat glaucoma.4. A new research on writing which shows that writing can result in clinically meaningful outcomes.A new research on writing which shows that writing can help people with chronic illness improve their health.5. The theory and function of acupuncture.A21. A week ago / Parkinson’s disease.2. A natural defense mechanism3. The death of brain cells4. Meeting patients’ psychological needs produces physical health benefits.5. Side effects / cut back on medication.1. The world’s leading transplant surgeon, Dr Christo pher Bernard, has carried out one of the most difficult brain tissue transplants yet attempted. The South African surgeon has succeeded in transplanting tissues into the human brain in what is thought to be the first operation of its kind. The surgery was performed a week ago on a patient suffering from Parkinson’s disease. A portion of the patient’s adrenal gland was implanted into a part of the patient’s brain, an operation which has previously been performed only on rats and monkeys.2. Approximately a third of all people develop cancer at one point in their lives. Chemotherapy has its limitations, but it is one of the major treatment options. Some American scientists have discovered they can increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy by inhibiting a natural defense mechanism employed by cancer cells.3. Glaucoma is responsible for blindness in an estimated 67 million people around the world. Until now, treatments have focused exclusively on the eyes. But that may change in the next few year, following the discovery that glaucoma involves the death of brain cells.4. New research shows that the simple act of writing down thoughts about a stressful event can help people with chronic illnesses improve their health. This is the first study to show that writing can result inclinically meaningful outcomes for chronically-ill patients. The study adds to the growing amount of scientific literature suggesting that meeting patient’s psychological needs produces physical health benefits.5. Traditional Chinese medicine says that good health is associated with the balance of Qi. Qi can be hindered or helped by yang and yin. According to traditional theory, the goal of acupuncture is to promote the flow of qi by keeping yin and yang in balance ---- and this is done by inserting needles at various points along primary channels and meridians that crisscross the body. One of the key benefits of acupuncture is that it has few, if any, side-effects; and that when used with standard drug treatment --- in anesthesia, for example --- it allows physicians to cut back on medication, delivering the same level of benefit with fewer negative effects/Part IV1. NHS’(英国国民健康保险制度) greater focus on prevention1. a gimmick2. a: increased screening2. proper timetablee.g. heart disease, stroke, cancer 3. treatmentb: the most vulnerable4. private healthcarec: more widely available听力原文：It seems that politicians around the world are thinking about the health of their countries. While in China, Chen Zhu has announced his plans for a universal health service and reform across health services, Gordon Brown, the UK Prime Minister, ahs also announced he is planning to make some changes in our heath service.The crux of Mr. Brown’s propos als are related to giving the NHS （National Health Service）a greater focus on prevention, rather than just curing patients.He is planning to introduce increased screening for common diseases such as heart disease, strokes, and cancer, for example breast cancer. In Britain there are 200,000 deaths a year from heart attacks and strokes, many of which might have been avoided if the condition had been known about.Initially, the diagnostic tests will be available fro those who are most vulnerable, or most likely to have the disease, but later on the Prime Minister claims that they will be more widely available. One example is a plan to offer all men over 65 an ultrasound test to check for problems with the main artery, a condition which kills 3,000 men a year.The opposition have criticized Mr Brown’s proposals, saying that they are just a gimmick, and claiming that there is no proper timetable for thechanges. They also say that Mr. Brown is reducing the money available for the treatment of certain conditions while putting more money towards testing for them.The NHS was founded in 1948, and is paid for by taxation. The idea is that the rich pa more towards the health service than the poor. However in recent years there has been a great increase in the use of private healthcare.Many people who can afford it choose to pay for medical care, often because it can be quicker, although the doctors and hospitals are often the same!! NHS waiting lists for operations can be very long, so people can jump the queue by paying for their operation.英语专业学生经典的听力材料Unit 8 ArchitecturePart I Warming upB1.The Palais du Louvre:Location: heart of ParisBeginning year of construction: 1527Time when first used as a public art gallery: 1793The Louvre Pyramid:Designer: Ieoh Ming PeiUse: the main entrance to the Palais du LouvreHeight: 21mWidth: 33mMaterials: steel tubes, cables, sheet glassYear of completion: 1988Tapescript:The Palais du Louvre stands at the heart of Paris, and houses one of the world's greatest collections of works of art. The original palace dates from 1527, and it was extended and added to over the next four centuries. It was first used as a public art gallery in 1793. In 1981, theChinese-American architect Ieoh Ming Pei was commissioned to redevelop the public part of the Louvre and create more space for reception areas and services. He designed the famous Glass Pyramid, which serves as the main entrance to the building, leading underground to the museum and art gallery. The Pyramid is 21 meters high and 33 meters wide, and uses a combination of steel tubes, cables and sheet glass. It was completed in 1988, and quickly became a major tourist attraction in its own right.B21. She likes the Louvre Pyramid because of the transparency, and it has a light effect.2. She likes the Louvre Pyramid for its contrast of shapes. It emphasizesthe beauty of the Louvre.3. She thinks the right thing is to put something so contradictory to the Louvre. They stand in dialogue with each other and they don't try to complement each other.4. She thinks it would have been the biggest mistake to try to build something similar to the Louvre.Tapescript:I like the Louvre Pyramid because of its transparency, because you can just look through it, and it has a very light effect. It is not heavy and it is made of glass, and so it looks like a light object. And I like it for its contrast of shapes, because it is such a contrast to the Louvre building that in fact it doesn't interfere with the beauty of the Louvre, but it even, it emphasizes the beauty of the Louvre. And in the evening when this pyramid is lighted, it's just a source of light to put the Louvre into a new light. And this has for me also a symbolic meaning. And it is such an unexpected shape in this urban context, just to use a traditional shape of a pyramid built in new materials with new technologies, high-tech, and so on, that it is a completely surprising effect. So that people get shocked by it or they like it, but there is nobody who would be uninvolved or who could just pass and not notice this building. So it's something you have to look at. And I think this is also very important in building, and creating something in the cities, and exactly for example close to these historicalbuildings which are such a... they are so sensitive topics that nobody dares to touch them. I think the right thing is really to put something so contradictory to it that they stand in dialogue with each other and they don't even try to complement each other. Because it would have been the biggest mistake to try to build something similar to the Louvre, to put a building which would copy the Louvre, because it would just mean that we don't live in continuity, the architecture doesn't continue its history, but it would mean that architecture stands still on the level of the 17th century, and that would be a lie.Part II eco-conscious constructionAThe world’s first eco-city /off the coastAgricultural land /half a million /$1.3 billion /a sustainability consultantSustainable developmentA more ecologically friendly model /minimize impact on nature /solar and wind power /power and fertilizers /electric cars英语专业学生经典的听力材料Unit 11 TourismPart IA1. resort3. Golden Mile4. stag and hen partiesThe south coast 1. its pier with theaters / restaurants 2.shoppingSouthwest 1. scenery2.warmer climate2. British surfing1. Blackpool2. South CornwellTranscript:Most visitors to the UK come here expecting the rain and miserable weather for which the country is famous. However, when summer finally does arrive, the British people like nothing more than packing their trunks and swimming costumes and heading for the coast. The UK is, after all, an island, and with 12,400 km of coastline to explore. Any visitor to the UK will be spoilt for choice. Here are some of the more famous resorts that you could expect to visit on a rip to BritainBlackpool, in the northwest of England, is the most visited resort in the UK. Each year around 6.5 to 7 million people come to enjoy the mile of sandy beaches, the 158 m Blackpool Tower and the 11 km-long Golden Mile, where there are entertainments, pubs, ice rinks and even a zoo. A firm family favorite, it has also become a popular destination for stag and hen parties.At the other end of the country on the south coast you can find Brighton. Until 1786, Brighton was a sleepy village. Then the future King George IV decided to build a residence there, and over the years Brighton grew into the large, cosmopolitan center it is now.A part from the beaches, Brighton is famous for its pier. On the pier there are theaters, entertainments and restaurants. Brighton is also fantastic for shopping.If you fancy traveling a little further, why not go to Cornwell inn the far southwest the UK? South Cornwell offers miles of sandy beaches andbeautiful scenery. The climate here is warmer than the rest of Britain and you can even find plan trees.For a bit more excitement, go to North Cornwell. The scenery here is more dramatic, and the beaches are famous for their powerful waves. As a result, North Cornwell has become the home f British surfing.One word of warning though, if you are using the roads in the UK on bank holidays or during school holidays, you can expect long traffic jams on the motorways. It might be better to take the train.Part IIAExcessive visitors (averaged 50,000 during golden weeks)Cultural relics in the museumAn electronic ticket checking system1). Real time record of the number of visitors inside the museum2). Maximum reception capacityThe flow of touristsTranscript:Troubled by excessive visitors, the Palace Museum or Forbidden Cityin Beijing will adopt an electronic ticket checking system and make the control of the flow of tourists. The new system will keep a real time record of the number of visitors inside the museum, and inform the ticket office to hold ticket sales onc e the number exceeds the musuem’s maximum reception capacity. The Palace Museum, on of the most comprehensive Chinese museums, in terms of history and art, was established on the foundation of the palace that was the ritual center during two dynasties, the Ming and the Qing, and their collection of treasures. It has topped the must-see list of almost every visitor to the capital city. In recent years, the number of daily visitors to the Palace Museum averaged 50,000 during golden weeks, the week-long national holidays observed three times a year in China. Superfluous tourists have caused damage to cultural relics in the museum.。

Step by Step2000听力教程-2-答案Unit3

Unit 3Getting Ready for the Future Career Part IWarming upA.1.Position:cookQualifications :good and dependableexperiencework on weekendsWay of contact:call 23597392.Position:English and math teachers Qualifications:a bachelor's degree teaching certificateWay of contact:resume to Wales Charter School,19Snow Road,NYC 3.Position:Marketing Communication Supervisor Qualifications:a bachelor's degree in Business Administrationgood PC and presentation skills Way of contact:resume to MTP,P.O.Box 354,Syracuse,NY 164934.Position:Area Sales ManagerOffers to employees:professional careers and extensive training Qualifications:dynamic,hardworking and initiated quick learner ?interested in working w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网in a challenging environment ?mobile and able to travel extensivelyWay of contact:detailed resume with expected salary and recent photo to Martin's Apparel,385Rockledge Street,Syracuse,NY 158355.Position:BuyerOffers to employees:competitive salary and benefits packageexcellent career development opportunitiesQualifications:bachelor's degree in business or engineering2-3years relevant working experience good command of English good communication and interpersonal skills ability to work in teamsWay of contact:resume with recent photo,contact phone number and acopy of diploma to 943West Avenue,Syracuse,NY 186406.Position:AccountantQualifications:a university degree in accounting or auditingstrong computer skillsa minimum of 3years experience with trading companiesWay of contact:resume with education certificate,ID card copy and photo to 404,South 7th Street,NYC w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网Tapescript:A.1.Cook needed immediately in a busy downtown restaurant!You must be good and dependable.Experience is preferred and work on weekends is required.If you are interested,please call 2359739.2.A small private school needs English and math teachers.Applicants must have a bachelor's degree and teaching certificate.Interested people please send your resume to Wales Charter School,19Snow Road,NYC.3.As the world leader in imaging business from photographic to commercial to electronic imaging,we invite applications from qualified persons for the position of Marketing Communication Supervisor.Candidates must have a bachelor's degree in Business Administration and good PC and presentation skills.Please apply by sending your resume to MTP,P.O.Box 354,Syracuse,NY 16493.4.If you are a dynamic,hardworking and initiated quick learner interested in working in a challenging environment,if you are mobile and able to travel extensively,please join our Truck Tire and Passenger Car TireTeams and be the Area Sales Manager.Professional careers and extensive training are provided to you.Are you the right one for us?Send your detailed resume with your expected salary and recent photo to Martin's Apparel,385Rockledge Street,Syracuse,NY 15835.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网5.We are among the top 50industrial companies worldwide with an annual turnover in excess of US $40billion.We provide for our employees not only a competitive salary and a benefits package,but also excellent career development opportunities.We are now seeking qualified people to fill the position of Buyer.Candidates'qualifications include:a bachelor's degree in business or engineering,2~3years relevant working experience,good command of English,good communication and interpersonal skills and the ability to work in teams.Those who are interested please send your resume,a recent photo,contact phone number and a copy of your diploma to 943West Avenue,Syracuse,NY 18640.6.We,one of the world's largest food manufacturers,have the position of Accountant available.Applicants must have a university degree in accounting or auditing,strong computer skills and a minimum of 3years experience with trading companies.If you believe that you have the experience and talent to develop and grow with one of the world's leading food companies,please send your resume,education certificate,ID card copy and photo to 404,South 7th Street,NYC.B.Ta Tapp escript :Looking for a career change?A decade ago,who would have guessed that web designer would be one of the hottest jobs of 2000?Do you have any idea what will be the other six hottest jobs in the 21st w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网century?Here are some suggestions.1.Tissue engineersWith man-made skin already on the market,25years fromNow scientists expect to be culturing growing organs in test tubes.Or trying,anyway.2.Genetic programmersAfter scanning your DNA for defects,doctors will use gene therapy and "smart"molecules to cure diseases,including certain cancers.3.Pharmers /Pharmacologic farmersNew-age farms will raise crops and livestock that have been genetically engineered to produce therapeutic proteins.Works in progress include a vaccine-carrying tomato and drug-laden milk from cows,sheep and goats.4.Genetically-modified food monitorsNot sure what's for dinner9With a little genetic fiddling,fast-growing fish and freez e-resistant fruits will help feed an overpopulated planet.5.Hot-line handymen Still daunted by the thought of reprogramming your video cassette recorder (VCR),let alone your digital versatile disc (DVD)?Just wait until your 3-D holographic TV won't power up or your talking toaster starts giving abuse.Remote diagnostics will take care of most of your w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网home electronics,but a few repair-men will still make house calls..,via video phone.6.Narrow castersToday's broadcasting industry will become'increasingly personalized.Working together,media and advertisers will create content just for you.Ambient commercials will also hijack your attention by using tastes and smells.Part IIPainting for payA.1.Have you ever had a part-time or full-time job in summer?If yes,what jobs have you had?If no,are you going to get one in the future?2.Is it common for students in your school to have a part-time job?3.Do you think it is good for students to have a part-time or full-time job in summer?Why or why not?B .1.All of the managers and painters who work for Student Painters are a.professional painters b.full-time college studentsc.local high school students2.Mark Laratonda isa.a manager for Student Paintersb.the owner of Student Painters w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网c.a customer of Student Painters3.People who work for Student Painters area.earning college creditc.earning money for college tuition and expensesd.working for their parents4.The goal of Student Painters is to …a.give students a chance to experience the real business worldb.teach students how to paintc.provide travel opportunities for studentsC.D.Mark Laratonda's responsibilities at atStudent Student Painters 1.hiring painters2.doing advertising3.providing equipment4.taking care of payroll5.writing contract6.doing final inspection with customerTapescript.Nineteen-year-old Mark Laratonda is a local college student.He is getting useful business experience this summer at home in Pennsylvania.Mark and other students are spending their summer working for a w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网company called Student Painters.Student Painters is based in Toronto.It operates in 28states in the United States and in 5Canadian provinces.All of the managers and painters at Student Painters are fulltime college students.They are earning money for tuition and expenses for the next school year.Student Painters was founded in 1980:Its goal is to give students a chance to experience the real business ratonda is a manager for Student Painters.He is also a business marketing major at Indiana University.He says,"Working at Student Painters is a great experience for me.I'm learning a lot about how businesses operate."Laratonda heard about Student Painters last year at his university."I filled out an application and they called me for an interview.After the interview,they called me again and offered me a job,"Laratonda said.He eagerly accepted the opportunity.Fie said,"It's a great chance to get experience in the business world.I get to work in many different places and I get to work outside.There are a lot of responsibilities.But there are also a lot of rewards.It looks good on your resume,too."In order to become a manager,Laratonda was trained by ?companyinstructors.As a manager,he must do many things.For example,he is responsible for hiring the painters.He also does the advertising.Mark must provide equipment such as ladders,paint,and brushes for the painters.He takes care of the payroll and writes the w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网contracts.It is also his responsibility to do the final inspection of each project with the customer.Laratonda supervises two groups of painters.Each group has three painters.The painters usually work eight hours a day."The people I hired are very responsible.They work hard and get the job done,"Laratonda says.His painters have completed 15projects since May.They have about $40,000worth of painting jobs to do this summer.Statements:1.Student Painters is based in New York.2.Student Painters was founded in 1980.3.Student Painters operates in 50states in the United States and in 5Canadian provinces.4.Mark Laratonda supervises three groups of painters.ratonda's painters have completed 15jobs since July.pany instructors trained Laratonda to become a manager.7.Mark Laratonda is an engineering major at Indiana University.Part IIIChoosing a careerA.Question 1.Have I given thought to what I would like to be doing 15to 20years from now?Question 2:Have I a clear knowledge of my abilities and aptitudes,as well w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网as my interests and aims?Question 3:Do I know the kind of occupations in which people like myself tend to find success and satisfaction?Question 4:Have I weighed carefully the immediate advantages against the long-term prospects offered by the jobs I am considering?Question 5:Have I talked about my job preferences with guidance counsellor,my parents,teachers and my headmaster?Question 6:Have I made a real study of jobs?Question 7:How do I regard my job?Is it just a means of getting moneyto do the things that I want to do?Is the work important to me and my future happiness and contentment?Is it a combination of both these things?B.QuestionsRelevant information 3what/other people/important and challenging/talk to people/watch/at work 4satisfaction/not just start/~years to come/importance of education/promotion/preference/educated persons 5experience/benefit/help/think about/stimulate/really want to do/offer suggestions/take advantage of/qualities and qualifications 6read about/study/over and over again w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网7T apes apescc ript .In order to give you as much help as possible,I have drawn up a list of questions that you ought to ask yourself."Have I given thought to what I would like to be doing 15to 20years from now?"Bear in mind that the career you choose will affect the future course of your life.It will partially determine your range of friends,your choice of husband or wife,where you live,your recreational activities,and other important aspects of your life."Have I a clear knowledge of my abilities and aptitudes,as well as my interests and aims?"Be honest about your weak points as well as your strong ones.Take a really good look at yourself and give real thought to the kind of person you are,what you are good at,and what kind of person you want to be."Do I know the kind of occupations in which people like myself tend to find success and satisfaction?"Once you have examined and found out about yourself,your next question is what you can really do with yourself.You can gain some idea of what other people,with similarabilities and interests,consider to be important and challenging in the careers that they chose,by talking to people already in the careers that interest you.Watch these people at work."Have I weighed carefully the immediate advantages against the w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网long-term prospects offered by the jobs I am considering?"Will the occupation you select give you satisfaction,not just when you start,but in the years to come?Realiz e now the im'p0rtance of education in all fields,technical and professional.~Remember that when promotion occurs,preference is usually given to educated persons other things being equal."Have I talked about my job preferences with my guidance counsellor,my parents,my teachers and my headmaster?"Remember they have a tremendous fund of experience from which ~:you should benefit.They can help you think about the jobs in which you will find satisfactionand challenge.They can stimulate you to give careful thought to what you really want to do,and offer useful suggestions as to how you might take full advantage of your personal qualities and qualifications."Have I made a real study of jobs?"It takes a very long time,to find the work that suits you the best.Reading about and studying a number of occupations is something you should do over:and over again."How do I regard my job?Is it just a means of getting money to do the things that I want to do?Is the work important to me and my future happiness and contentment?Is it a combination of both these things?"The above questions and their answers should give you some better ideas about how you should start planning your career.Your life-long job cannot be approached in any kind of haphaz ard fashion.It must be considered carefully,examined from every angle,talked over with w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网those who know you and those who can help you in any way.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网Short talks on listening skillsPart IV You Just Can't Remember So Much !--Learn Learntoto Select,Learn to Simplify At a certain stage of English listening,some students may report a kind of unpleasant or even frustrating experience.They say that while listening,they seem to understand everything that they hear,but as soon as the voice stops,all is gone!They say that they just can't remember what they heard,not to mention writing down or speaking out.What causes this problem?Is it also your complaint?Let us try to discuss the matter from two perspectives.First,knowing some difference between comprehension and production is important.When we learn a new language,we usually pass through at least three communication stages,namely,the one-way stage,the partial two-way stage and the full two-way stage.Obviously,there's the gap in between.Just as Brown and Terrell point out in their books on language learning and language teaching,"The inability to produce an item should not be taken to mean that the learner cannot comprehend it."Therefore,ifwe can comprehend what is being said to us,we have achieved the first goal.That's quite encouraging!Secondly,of course,we'll have to move on.And we must be aware of some possible traps on our way to effective listening.When we listen,w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网are we paying equal attention to every element in each utterance?Are we attempting to memoriz e and repeat and write down all the details in a passage?If so,we need to think for a while.Human memory can retain only a limited amount of information at a time.Therefore,only by learning to select and simplify can we possibly absorb what is really important and then remember what is the most essential.In fact,when we listen,we usually listen with a purpose.Although it is sometimes necessary to get detailed and specific information on the subject,it is,more often than not,quite enough for us to grasp the key words and the main points.Furthermore,in the course of listening,if we are capable of automatically turning the complicated sentence structures into simple ones,interrogative into affirmative,or passive into active,our brain will certainly do a much smarter job in helping our memory.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网。

step-by-step-3000第二册答案

Unit 1 Happy Family Life SpeakingTopic 1春节词汇Spring Festival Words节日名Greeting season春节The Spring Festival农历lunar calendar正月lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar除夕New Year's Eve; eve of lunar New Year初一the beginning of New Year元宵节The Lantern Festival习俗Customs过年Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 对联poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry春联Spring Festival couplets剪纸paper-cuts年画New Year paintings买年货special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping敬酒propose a toast 灯笼lantern: a portable light烟花fireworks爆竹firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)舞狮lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)舞龙dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)戏曲traditional opera杂耍variety show; vaudeville灯谜riddles written on lanterns灯会exhibit of lanterns守岁staying-up拜年pay New Year's call; give New Year's greetings; New Year's visit禁忌taboo去晦气get rid of the ill- fortune祭祖宗offer sacrifices to one'sancestors压岁钱red envelopes/red packets/a cash gift; gift money; money given to children as lunar New Year gift辞旧岁bid farewell to the old year扫房spring cleaning; general house-cleaning祝福语Blessings金玉满堂Treasures fill the home生意兴隆Business flourishes岁岁平安Peace all year round恭喜发财Wishing you prosperity和气生财Harmony brings wealth心想事成May all your wishes come true 吉祥如意Everything goes well国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful一帆风顺Wishing you every success步步高升Promoting to a higher position 出入平安Safe trip wherever you go 祝您新的一年快乐幸福！Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year!祝您事业成功，家庭美满Wish you success in your career and happiness of your family!食品Food年糕Nian-gao; rise cake; New Year cake团圆饭family reunion dinner年夜饭the dinner on New Year's Eve饺子Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli汤圆Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with either sweet or spicy fillings糖果盘candy tray什锦糖assorted candies - sweet and fortune蜜冬瓜candied winter melon - growth and good health金桔cumquat - prosperity糖莲子candied lotus seed - manydescendents to come糖藕candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship 红枣red dates - prosperity 花生糖peanut candy - sweetTraditions and cultures of Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees.The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month, often one month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the people's sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year.Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened.On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, many families make laba porridge, a delicious kind of porridge made with glutinous rice, millet, seeds of Job's tears, lotus seeds, beans, longan and gingko.The 23rd day of the 12th lunar month is called Preliminary Eve. At this time, people offer sacrifice to the kitchen god. Now however, most families make delicious food to enjoy themselves.After the Preliminary Eve, people begin preparing for the coming New Year. This is called "Seeing the New Year in".Store owners are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck, fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. What's more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing.Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils.Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The content varies from house owners' wishes for a bright future to good luck for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance.The Chinese character "fu" (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese the "reversed fu" is homophonic with "fu comes", both being pronounced as "fudaole." What's more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seenon window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall.People attach great importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all family members eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes such as chicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their pronunciations, respectively "ji", "yu" and "doufu," mean auspiciousness, abundance and richness. After the dinner, the whole family will sit together, chatting and watching TV. In recent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast on China Central Television Station (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the Chinese both at home and abroad. According to custom, each family will stay up to see the New Year in.Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up in red paper. People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast, as they think "jiaozi" in sound means "bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new". Also, the shape of the dumpling is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure.Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on this occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means "higher and higher, one year after another." The first five days after the Spring Festival are a good time for relatives, friends, and classmates as well as colleagues to exchange greetings, gifts and chat leisurely. Burning fireworks was once the most typical custom on the Spring Festival. People thought the spluttering sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, such an activitywas completely or partially forbidden in big cities once the government took security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. As a replacement, some buy tapes with firecracker sounds to listen to, some break little balloons to get the sound too, while others buy firecracker handicrafts to hang in the living room.The lively atmosphere not only fills every household, but permeates to streets and lanes.A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is finished.China has 56 ethnic groups. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost the same day as the Han people, and they have different customs.Useful words and expressionsfamily 家庭spouse 配偶single单身life span 寿命marriage life 婚姻生活bachelor 单身汉spinster 老处女courtship 求爱lad 少年, 少女female friend 女性朋友play house 过家家play hide-and-seek 捉迷藏puppy love 初恋friendship 友谊engagement 订婚fiancé未婚夫fiancée 未婚妻wedding ceremony 婚礼honeymoon 蜜月newlyweds 新婚夫妇husband 丈夫wife 妻子happiness 幸福mother-in-law 婆婆dowry 嫁妆mama`s boy 没有男子气概的男人uxorious 疼爱妻子的twin 双胞胎daughter 女儿son 儿子maternal 母亲的paternal 父亲的children 子女parental 父母亲的filial 子女的divorce 离婚consolation money 抚慰金alimony 抚养费single parent 单亲fall in love 恋爱fight for divorce 提请离婚诉讼widow 寡妇widower 鳏夫separation 分居bridesmaid 女傧相best man 男傧相monogamy 一夫一妻制in laws 姻亲descendant 后代family tree 家谱ancestors 祖先1. 跟别人要钱mooch off someone我最讨厌跟别人要钱的人了。

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Ms Heuze says she thinks the United Nations and the international community as a whole can play a constructive role in the present situation and in trying to get the Israelis and Palestinians back to the negotiating table. Officials from the UN Human Rights Commission will discuss the agenda toward the meeting on Wednesday.This is only the fifth time the commission has gone into emergency meeting to deal with a crisis situation. Previous sessions dealt with the Bosnian war, the genocide in Rwanda, and the violence in East Timor. Questions:1. How many members are there in the UN Human Rights Commission?2. How many of them voted to hold the emergency meeting?3. How many of them didn't vote?4. Which country cast the dissenting vote?5. Which country abstained?6. When will the meeting begin?7. How long will it last?8. What's the purpose of this meeting?9. How many emergency meetings have been held before this one? What were the three crisis situations that they dealt with?Part III Anti-piracy missionAEU’s Naval Operationtheir skin, but by the content of their character. (Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. 28/08/1963)4. America needs a full-time President and a full-time Congress. Particularly at this time, with problems we face at home and abroad. To continue to fight through the months ahead for my personal vindication would almost totally absorb the time and attention of both the President and the Congress in a period when our entire focus should be on the great issues of peace abroad and prosperity without inflation at home. (Richard M. Nixon 08/08/1974)5. Thank you for opening up your minds and your hearts, for seeing the possibility of what we could do together for our children and for our future here in this state and in our nation. I am profoundly grateful to all of you for giving me the chance to serve you. I will... I will do everything I can to be worthy of your faith and trust and to honor the powerful example of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan ... I promise you tonight that I will reach across party lines to bring progress for all of New York's families. Today we voted as Democrats and Republicans. Tomorrow we begin again as New Yorkers .... (Hillary Clinton 07/11/2000) Unit 2Earth and EnvironmentPart 1 Warming upA1. ...impact of climate change … damage to crops … worse ...2. ...2000 delegates … northern Brazil … third United Nations Conference on Desertification.3. ...A huge oil spill … Mexico, ...4. Wildfires … Florida … contained … a week ...5. ... Greenland is melting around the edges … 50 cubic kilometers … raise global sea level ...Tapescripts:1. Australia is the world‟s driest continent. There‟s general agreement tha t the country has to use water more efficiently. In many part supplies are i n crisis. At a meeting in Canberra, the Council of Australian Government s has approved national water plan. It attempts to balance environmental c oncerns and the needs of the community. The amount of water taken from rivers for commercial use is to be cut and farmers will be compensated.2. The disappearance and deformity of amphibians such as frogs and sala manders from rain forests and mountain lakes worldwide has attracted wi de-spread scientific attention over the last decade. Now a new study says reptile species including turtles, snakes, and alligators are in even greater tro uble. Twice as many reptiles as amphibians, or some 100 species, are curr ently listed as endangered by the World Conservation Union. The study s ays habitat loss and degradation, pollution, disease, climate change, and o ver-collection for food, pets and drugs are the major threat to reptiles.3. Four regional governors from Columbia, on a visit to Washington, have sharply criticized an American-backed aerial offensive to eradicate thousands of hectares of illegal coke and poppy plantations. At a news conference the governors called for a di fferent approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade, saying that the herbicides currently being used were harmful to public health and the en vironment.4. Much attention has been devoted to the threatened animal species. But what about plants which are the fundamental bases of life? One in every e ight species of plants is threatened with extinction. Since all food chains b egin in the sphere of plant life, this is bad news for the animals too, includ ing humans who depend on plants not only for food but also for medicine s, building materials, and other vital purposes.5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware is now available, called the “Boulder County Green Pages.” The R otary Clubs in Boulder County got together with local recycling and environmental specialists to put together this firstever directory. It includes qui ck reference to green products and services for recycling, xeriscaping, ene rgy conservation, and more. The $5 cost helps raise funds for the sponsori ng groups.B1. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community.2. Reptile species are in greater trouble than amphibian species.3. A new approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade.4. One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction.5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware, called the “Boulder County Green Pages”.Tapescript:An annual study by the Worldwatch Institute here in Washington says wit h the boom in the information economy, Americans have lost sight of the deteriorating health of the planet.State of the World 2000 says the fast growing information economy is aff ecting every aspect of life, from communication, commerce and work, to education and entertainment.Lead author and Worldwatch President Lester Brown says while America ns generally feel a sense of optimism about the economy, the planet‟s hea lth is suffering. He says it is a mistake “to confuse the vibrancy of the virt ual world with the increasingly troubled state of the real world.”“We give the earth an annual physical, and this book is the result of that a nnual physical. We check its vital signs. And almost all those vital signs, whether it‟s the number of species, whether it‟s the stability of climate, w hether it‟s the number of species, whether it‟s the stability of climate, wh ether it‟s the health of coral reefs, all those trends show deterioration.” Lester Brown says other warning signs are rising temperatures, falling wa ter tables, melting glaciers, shrinking forests and collapsing fisheries. He says the major environmental challenges in the 21st century will be to sta bilize both climate and world population growth.Worldwatch Institute President Lester Brown also points out initiatives b y multinational corporations to seek energy alternatives. For example, Da imler-Chrysler and Shell Oil are working with the government of Iceland to tur n that country into the first hydrogen powered economy.Part II News ReportsA...Washington … the information economy … deteriorating health of the planet … information economy … communication … education and entertainment … physical exam … vital signs … species … climate … temperatures … water tables … glaciers … forests … fisheries … to stabilize both climate and world population growthBSummary… the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. … global solutions are found soon.Answers to the questions1. 1502. Monday3. Almost one billion people could suffer from a scarcity of water.4. Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, Northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America.5. To treat water as a precious resource.6. 5 liters7. 50 liters8. 500 litersTapescript:The UN water experts are warning that a severe water shortage will have what they call catastrophic consequences in some developing nations unless global solutions are found soon. One hundred and fifty experts aro und the world will discuss the water situation at a conference beginning Monday in Geneva.A top official from the World Meteorological Organization Arthur Askew says that by the year 2025, almost 1 billion people could be living in area s suffering from a scarcity of water. He says the number could double by the middle of the next century. Mr Askew says one area with serious wate r problems is the Middle East. But he says officials in the area are already working on ways to deal with the situation.Experts say water shortage problems also could develop in parts of Africa and western Asia as well as northeastern China, western and southern In dia, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, and parts of the Pacific coast of t he United States and South America. Mr Askew says there‟s a moral obli gation to treat water as a precious resource and a need to realize that large amounts of water are used often wastefully in food production and manuf acturing.“All commodities have used water in their production and you must be a ware therefore that if you‟re importing food from one country to another you are in fact importing part of the water resources of that country.” Mr Askew also says water shortages lead to a conflict between rural and urba n demands.“In many regions of the world, the water crisis is not coming because of human consumption directly for potable water, for drinking, or for sanitar y purposes, it‟s coming for agriculture. And in general about 80 percent o f the water, which is consumed, i. e., is extracted from the rivers or from underground resources and is not returned, is for agriculture. And there‟s considerable pressure now on the agricultural sectors to see if they cannot use that water ore efficiently.Mr Askew says it‟s estimated that a person needs about 5 liters of water a day to survive, and a person needs about 5 liters of water a day to survive, and a person lives comfortably with about 50 liters a day. But he says peo ple in many countries are using 500 liters of water each day. He says way s must be found to reduce such overuse before it‟s too late.Part III City recyclingA a. 2 b. 4 c. 3 d. 1B1.130,000 / 80%2. Plastic / glass / tin cans / newspapers3. Recycle truck pick it up.4. One of community’s recycling centers5. Each weekday6. Conducts tours of the plant7. 3 / 48. Sod to other companies that make them into different products9. Made into new containers10. One of the top five in the USATapescript:The United States is running out of landfill space, places to put its trash. Because of that, more communities are encouraging their residents to rec ycle, to set aside certain materials that won‟t go to the landfill. One area t hat‟s met the recycling challenge head-on, is the southeast City of Charlotte, North Carolina. In just a few years, its recycling program has become one of the country‟s most successful. Catherine Smith lives in one of the 130,000 eligible recycling househol ds in Charlotte, North Carolina. Nearly 80 percent of the households parti cipate in the program. Each week, Smith goes to her front porch and fills her red plastic bin with recyclables. “You‟ve got any plastic containers m arked one or two. You‟ve got any glass. They also recycle tin cans and ne wspapers. So all of that can go in the curbside pick-up bin.”“Well, this is the easy part. Then someone, ah, driving a Charlotte Mec klenburg …Recycle Now‟ truck comes and, usually, at some point—tomorrow or Friday—and they pick it up at curbside. And that‟s it.”From there, Smith‟s cans, bottles, and newspapers are taken to oneof the community‟s recycling centers. The City of Charlotte actually cont racts with a private company to process the recyclables.This plant is operated by a company called FCR. The recycling trucks pull into FCR each weekday morning to drop off the used material. Inside, the processing center at FCR is bustling with activity. One of the first thin gs you notice in the 26,000-square-foot facility is a huge mound of materials called the “commingle area.” B asically, it‟s a big pile of assorted trash. There are forklifts transporting g arbage, and people sorting through it. Paula Hoffman is education coordin ator at FCR. She conducts tours of the plant for more than one thousand p eople a month.“The aluminum cans, the number one and number two plastic container s, the spiral cans, the glass bottles and jars are all mixed together into a hu ge pile. And…we are receiving about 100 tons a day, which is 200,000 po unds, so you can imagine how many bottles and cans are in that pile.”“Can we walk around a little bit?”“As you can see, the bottles and cans are riding up the conveyor belt, a nd they‟ll end up on a sorting station, where there are twelve workers that will hand-sort the bottles and cans and other containers. As you can see, from the sorting station, they drop their material down a chute into a large container below. The sorting station is on a raised platform.” Across from the sor ters and the commingle area is a mound ofnewspaper. Of the material brought to FCR, three quarters of it is newspri nt. It rides a separate conveyor belt, is checked, and is compacted into bal es, 11 to 12 hundred pounds each. Back in the quiet of FCR‟s auditorium, Paula Hoffman describes what happens to the sorted and processed recyc lables the company receives from Catherine Smith and the thousands of o ther area residents. Hoffman says they‟re sold to other companies that the n make them into different products.“Your food and beverage glass containers are always made into new fo od and beverage glass containers. Your aluminum beverage cans are, the biggest percentage of the time, made into new aluminum beverage cans. Twenty five percent of all beverage, Coca-Cola, Pepsi bottles are now made into new Pepsi or Coke bottles. Howeve r, a certain percentage is also made into other products such as the fuzz o n a tennis ball, carpeting…your number two plastic…a lot of it‟s made in to plastic wood.”Charlotte, the surrounding county, and FCR are glad to add new recycl ables to their program as long as there‟s a need for the recycled material.From its high participation rate to the quality end product, Charlotte‟s rec ycling program is considered one of the top five in the nation.But ultimately, the success of the Charlotte area recycling program can be traced to the curbsides of the many individual citizens who, like Catherine Smith, are active participants in program.Unit 3 World News: Economic DevelopmentsPart I Warming upA1. Who have been meeting in Hong Kong today to discuss the outlook for the global economy?Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries.2. What does UNCTAD say about the worldwide total of foreign investment?It grew by 40% last Year to more than 600 billion dollars.3. Who has approved a cut in income tax rates?The United States House of Representatives.4. Who has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products? IntelWhat is its plan?To reduce its workforce by5,000.5. What decisions have been made by EU, the U.S. and Canada after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France?EU has imposed further restrictions on the movement of livestock.The U.S. and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of animal produce from EU.Tapescript:1. Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries have been meeting in Hong Kong today. One subject they likely discussed is the outlook for the global economy because of the U. S. slowdown and Japan's struggling recovery. Another topic they may have discussed is how to strengthen financial markets in emerging economies in Asia and elsewhere.2. A United Nations' report says the worldwide total of foreign investment grew by nearly 40% last year to more than 600 billion dollars. The report by the UN Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD says most of it took place between developed countries as big companies took one another over.3. The United States House of Representatives has approved a cut in income tax rates, the first part of a package of tax cutting measures put forward by President Bush. The income tax reductions will amount to nearly 1 trillion dollars over ten years.4. The world's largest maker of computer chips, Intel, has announced jobcuts after a fall in demand for its products. Intel said it expected its revenue in the first quarter of this year to fall by a quarter than the same period last year. The California-based company plans to reduce its85,000-strong work force by 5,000.5. The European Union has imposed further restrictions on the movement of live-stock after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France. The United States and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of all animal produce from EU countries.B1.Foreign exchange rates:1 dollar = 1.733 German marks= 126.9 Japanese yen1 pound =1.624 dollarsShare IndexDow Jones (up to) 6,783 (+45)London’s 100 (up to) 4,390 (+20)Nikkie closed2. Share Index:Dow Jones 10,116 (+96)Standrd and Poor’s 500 1,254 (+6)NASDAQ: (-1.5%)3. Share Index:Dow Jones 8,094 ( - 66 )NASDAQ 1,662 (- 3 )FT100 ( -36 )CAC Quarante ( -33, -1% )DAX ( -1% )4. Most active stocks:Cable and Wireless HKT up $ 0.45HSBC down $ 0.50Hutchison down $ 0.50 Shanglongkai Property up $ 2.25China Telecom down $ 1.50Chang Kong down $ 0.25Pacific Century Cyberworlds down $ 0.10CCT Telecom down $ 0.275New World CyberBase down $ 0.075Hanong Holdings down $ 0.25Gold prices:Hong Kong gold: HK$ 2,670London gold: US $ 2895. Earnings:Philips Electronics (last year): $ 2.4 billion ($ 300 million) Royal Dutch Shell (4th quarter): $ 3.6 billionElectronic Data Systems (4th quarter): $ 0.70 per share ( $ 0.02 up)Tapescripts:1. The dollar is trading at one German mark seventy-three point three and at 126.9 Japanese yen. The pound buys one dollar sixty-two point four. In New York, the Dow Share Index closed 45 higher at 6,783. Earlier London's 100 Share Index ended 20 higher at 4,390. In Tokyo, the Nikkei Share Index is closed for a holiday.2. The Dow Jones Industrial Average closed up 96 points at 10,116. The Standard and Poor's 500 Index gained 6 points to close at 1,254. But the NASDAQ Index lost 1.5% as high technology and Internet stocks were battered.3. Right now the Dow is down another 66 points at 8,094; the NASDAQ Composite down 3 points at 1,662. Turning to Europe's major markets: London stocks were hit by a wave of profit taking after five straight record closes; the FT 100 Index down 36 points; Paris seeing losses as well, the CAC quarante down 33 points or 1%; and Frankfurt's DAX also fell 1% after briefly moving into record territory.4. The Hang Seng Index closed down 89 points at 3,521. The turnover was 7.71 billion dollars. Now look at the ten most active stocks. Cable and Wireless HKT up 45 cents, HSBC holdings down 50 cents,Hutchison down 50 cents, Shanglongkai Property up $2.25, and China Telecom down $1.50, Chang Kong up 25 cents, Pacific Century Cyberworlds down 10 cents, CCT Telecom down 27.5 cents, New World Cyberspace down 7.5 cents, and Hanong Holdings down 25 cents. The Hang Seng Index future for November and December were all down. Hong Kong gold closed at 2,670 Hong Kong dollars, and London gold is trading at 289 U.S. dollars.5. Consumer electronics maker Philips Electronics reported a lower than expected profit for last year. The company made about $2.4 billion, more than $300 million below estimates. Oil company Royal Dutch Shell posted its earnings. It made roughly a $3.6 billion profit for its fourth quarter. That was essentially in line with Street expectations. Electronic Data Systems also reported its fourth quarter numbers last night. It posted a 70-cent profit per share, two cents better than expectations.Part II News reportsASummary:This news report is about Forbes's "Super 100 Global" list.Answer the questions:1. Which of the following corporations are the top five on Forbes's list? Mark their ranks.2 Citigroup4 HSBC Banking Company-- BP-Amoco5 Daimler-Chrysler1 General Electric Corporationn Microsoft3 Bank of America2. How are the companies ranked?The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of their stock.3. How are the 100 companies distributed?46 in the United States, 54 in Europe and Japan.4. Why were none of the Internet-related firms included in the list? Because most of the Internet-related firms have little or no profits so far. Tapescripts:For the second year in a row, the General Electric Corporation is ranked number one in an annual survey of the 100 most powerful corporations in the world.The survey, compiled and published by Forbes business magazine, shows General Electric of the United States ranked number one, followed in second and third place by the U.S. banking and financial services giantsCitigroup and Bank of America. In fourth and fifth place are the British-based HSBC Banking Company and Daimler-Chrysler, the German-American auto-company. The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of its (their) stock. What the magazine calls its "Super 100 Global" list are 46 companies based in the United States and 54 in Europe and Japan.Mike Ozanian, the Forbes editor who compiled the list, says there is a growing trend of international mergers and acquisitions, citing companies such as Daimler-Chrysler and BP-Amoco, the Anglo-American Oil Company. Mr. Ozanian says that despite the huge capitalizations of many Internet-related firms, none were included because most have little, if any, profits -- at least not yet.BSummary:This news report gives us a general picture of the U.S. stock market. It also presents some analysts' views on the market.Statements:1. The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up less than one percent, to 10,546.2. An analyst said that sales growth at Intel could be stronger than expected.3. Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales because of the Thanksgiving holiday shopping season.4. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9% in October, their second monthly decline.5. According to investment strategist Alan Skrainka, this is a very good entry point for a long-term investor to get into the market. Tapescript:U.S. stock prices were mixed on Monday, with the "blue-chips" in a rally mode. But volume was only moderate after a holiday-shortened week last week, showing lingering uncertainty among investors.The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up 75 points, less than one percent, to 10,546. The S & P 500 Index gained 7 points. But the NASDAQ Composite backed off an early rally, taking a loss of almost one percent on weakness in selected technology stocks.The Dow Industrials actually got a boost from their technology components. Shares of Intel traded higher after an analyst said sales growth at the leading computer chip-maker could be stronger than expected. Microsoft stock also edged higher.Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales over the Thanksgiving weekend, as the holiday shopping season got underway. However, analysts caution the retail picture is still clouded because many stores offered bargains to attract shoppers. Experts worry that higher oilprices and interest rates will make this a less than merry Christmas season for U.S. merchants.The latest on the U.S. economy points to slower growth. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9 percent in October, their second monthly decline. Many analysts think uncertainty over the economy makes it increasingly likely that the major stock averages will close lower for the year. But investment strategist Alan Skrainka says the longer-term looks better. "No one can guess what will happen to the market over the next month. But over the long-term, we think the market looks very good. If you're a long-term investor, this is a very good entry point for getting into the market because this is what you've been waiting for. All the fear and uncertainty in the marketplace is setting us up for some very good values in the market."Part III Voice mail may cost company’s businessAJud Jessup (TakeCare HMO): …personalized service…”high service”…getting a recording…efficient…cost effective……individual problems….Stanley Plogue (Plogue Research): …a fourth…let out…voice mail system…given up…Sandy hale (Pacific Bell):… bottom line…costs…more efficient…customer service operations…a valuable tool.B1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. T10. TC3. Five years ago, people were wary of voice-mail.4. TakeCare used a funny voice-mail message in its advertisements.6. Voice-mail decreases contact between customers and companies.7. The problem is not the technology, but the voice-mail menus.Part IV Business jargonA1.…language shorthand….2.…overuse business jargon…a negative effect…3.…a low opinion…management jargon…a third…a lack of confidence…one in five …untrustworthy…cover something up.4.…an effective boss…can easily understand…of management jargon.B1. T2. T3. F4. F5. FC1.blue-sky thinking: imagine new or different ways of doing things2.get our ducks in a row: have everything arranged efficiently3.brain dump: tell everything you know about a particular subject4.think outside the box: be creative in how you think about problems5.the helicopter view: an overview6. a heads up: a warning7.that’s a real no-brainer: that’s simple英语专业学生经典的听力材料Unit 4 World News: Up in SpacePart I Warming upA1. To Mars / March of next year.2. Because of a mechanical problem.3. 5 males and 2 females.4. NASA / At the end of September, 83 days after landing.5. To return home at the Kennedy Space Center after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope.1. An American spacecraft is traveling to Mars to collect information abo ut the red planet. The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter left Cape Canaveral i n Florida on August 12th. The space vehicle is expected to arrive in March of next year. It is to orbit the planet for at least four years.2. The U.S. space shuttle Columbia has returned to Earth after an abbreviated stay in space because of a mechanical problem. The Space Agency o rdered the shuttle back to Earth after one of the three power generators fai led Sunday. The generators called “fuel cells” provide all of shuttle’s elec trical power, and NASA safety rules require the space ship to return to Ea rth if any fuel cell fails.3. US space shuttle Discovery has made a successful lift-off from Kennedy Space Center in Florida, en route to the International S pace Station. The shuttle with 5 male and 2 female astronauts onboard wil l take another section of the half-built International Space Station a little truss, or frame into orbits. It’s sch eduled to come back to earth on December 21.4.The United States Space Agency NASA says it’s given up any real hope of reviving its space probe on Mars. The spacecraft Pathfinder made its last transmission of scientific data from the surface of Mars at the end of September, 83 days after landing.5.The U.S. space shuttle Endeavor is preparing to return home in triumph after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope. The Endeavor’s schedu led to land Monday at the Kennedy Space Center on Florida’s Atlantic co ast, returning to the site where the mission began eleven days ago.BMir Facts15 years。

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Unit 1 World News Up in SpacePart I Warming up1. Endeavor has docked with the ISS. What for?To provide electricity for science experimentsWhen will the U.S. laboratory arrive?Next month2. What does ISS have now?A living room and a command center3. What has been declared by NASA?Pathfinder's 30-day mission on Mars is a 100 percent success.4. Who has given up its hope of reviving Pathfinder?NASAWhen did Pathfinder make its last transmission of scientific data from Mars?At the end of September, 83 days after its landing5. Why is Galileo heading for another pass by Jupiter's moon IO on Thursday?To get a closer look at the most volcanic body in solar system6. What is the daunting task for the crew of Atlantis?To deliver NASA's $1.4 billion space lab Destiny to the International Space Station 7. What is the purpose of the experiments conducted by astronauts on Columbia?To confirm a theory that particles in space tend to attract each other and form dust clouds8. What is Endeavor preparing to do on Monday?To return home at the Kennedy Space Center after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope9. Why has Columbia returned to Earth after an abbreviated stay in space?Because of a mechanical problem10. What is Discovery doing now? And its crew?Discovery is playing chase with the Hubble Telescope now.Its crew is setting up housekeeping and recovering from the effects of weightlessness. Tapescript:1. U.S. space shuttle Endeavor has docked with the International Space Station, bearing a gift of energy. The five-man shuttle team arrived to add a set of giant solar power panels to Unity to provide electricity for science experiments that will begin soon after the U.S. laboratory arrives next month.2. The International Space Station finally has a living room and a command center. The Russian Zvezda module docked earlier today with the fledgling outpost, which is being assembled in space. After a checkout period, it will be ready for the first crew to live in later this year.3. The U.S. Space Agency NASA has declared its Pathfinder spacecraft mission to Mars a 100 percent success. This week the Pathfinder completed its 30-day planned mission on Mars. A U.S. space official says this spacecraft has fulfilled all its objectives.4. The United States Space Agency NASA says it's given up any real hope of reviving its space probe on Mars. The spacecraft Pathfinder made its last transmission of scientific data from the surface of Mars at the end of September, 83 days after landing.5. The U. S. Galileo spacecraft is heading for another pass by Jupiter's fiery moon IO Thursday to get a closer look at the most volcanic body in our solar system. A pass just 600 kilometers away last month has provided a better understanding of just how active it is.6. It could be a mission-impossible-type assignment for the crew of the space shuttle Atlantis. They've got the daunting task of delivering NASA's $1.4 billion space lab Destiny to the International Space Station. If they pull it off, the 15-ton lab will put NASA's flight controllers in charge. Until now Russian controllers have directed operations at the station.7. Astronauts on the U. S. space shuttle Columbia have conducted experiments to confirm a theory that particles in space tend to attract each other and form dust clouds.8. The U.S. space shuttle Endeavor is preparing to return home in triumph after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope. The Endeavor's scheduled to land Monday at the Kennedy Space Center on Florida's Atlantic coast, returning to the site where the mission began eleven days ago.9. The U.S. space shuttle Columbia has returned to Earth after an abbreviated stay in space because of a mechanical problem. The Space Agency ordered the shuttle back to Earth after one of the three power generators failed Sunday. The generators called "fuel cells" provide all of shuttle's electrical power, and NASA safety rules require the space ship to return to Earth if any fuel cell fails.10. Discovery is playing chase with the Hubble Space Telescope right now. The shuttle launch was nearly perfect according to mission managers, and the crew of seven astronauts is setting up housekeeping and recovering from the effects ofweightlessness.Part II News reportsEvent: NASA's 12-year program of Mars--Starting time: 1996--Finishing time: 2008First installment:n Names of spacecraft: the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter / the Pathfinder Lander Arrival time: 1997Mission: To collect and analyze rocksSecond installment:-- Names of spacecraft: the Polar Lander / the Mars Climate OrbiterLaunch time: DecemberArrival time: Next DecemberMission:a. To inspect for subsurface waterb. To measure the distribution of water vapor, dust and condensatesGrand finale:-- Launch time: 2005-- Return time: 2008-- Mission: To return soil and rock samples to EarthTapescript:Of all the U.S. and Russian spacecraft that have traveled to Mars since the 1960s, the Polar Lander is to be the first to touch down near the planet's south pole. The Lander and a companion orbiting craft called the Mars Climate Orbiter, launched in December, are the second installment of a 12-year NASA program (began in 1996) to unlock the secrets of Earth's red neighbor.The first installment the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter and the Pathfinder Lander -- arrived in 1997, with Pathfinder's robotic rover collecting and analyzing rocks on a desert about half a world away from the polar landing site.The Lander is to touch down just above the northern-most edge of the south polar ice cap, believed to be a mixture of water and carbon dioxide.It will use retrorockets to slow its descent. Once on the ground it will employ a robotic arm resembling a child's toy construction shovel to dig in search of subsurface water. Together with the newest orbiter now on its way to Mars, the Lander will alsomeasure the distribution of water vapor, dust and condensates in the Martian atmosphere.While the Polar Lander descends next December, it is to release two speeding probes, each smaller than a basketball. These rugged instruments are to crash at about 640 kilometers per hour and bury themselves into the Martian surface about 100 kilometers away from the Lander's touch-down point. They, too, will be inspecting for subsurface water.The grand finale of this series of Mars probes is tentatively set for launch in 2005. It would return soil and rock samples to Earth three years later.Summary:This news report tells us that an ailing observatory, the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, has been forced to fall from its orbit and crash into a remote area in the Pacific Ocean to avoid deaths and injuries from the falling debris.Answers to the questions:1. 9 years2. 16 metric tons3. 6 tons4. About 4,000 kilometers southeast of Hawaii5. 4,100 kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide6. Because one of its three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December7. It changed astronomers' view of the heavens after showing that the entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays.Tapescript.Space Agency NASA forced an ailing observatory to fall from orbit and crash into the Pacific Ocean on Sunday. NASA engineers picked a remote spot to avoid deaths and injuries from the falling debris.NASA says the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory has made a fiery plunge through the atmosphere into an isolated area of the Pacific.Most of the nine-year-old satellite was to have burned up in the dive, but about six tons of hot metal were expected to have showered onto an isolated area about four thousand kilometers southeast of Hawaii. NASA had estimated that the debris would scatter over a long, narrow path 41 hundred kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide. The deliberate crash came after Goddard Space Flight Center technicians directed the observatory early Sunday to fire its thrusters twice to dive into the atmosphere.NASA felt this was necessary because one of the Compton's three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December. The Space Agency decided to bring the 16-metric-ton satellite back now in a controlled manner to prevent possible further system failures from causing it to drop on a populated area. The Compton's path took it over many populated areas, including Mexico City, Bangkok, and Miami. Compton exceeded its original five-year mission by four years, resulting in about two thousand scientific papers.The observatory changed astronomers' view of the heavens after showing that the entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays, the highest energy form of light. It discovered hundreds of previously unknown sources of gamma rays, some streaming from black holes, exploding stars, and the sun.Questions:1. How old is the Compton?2. How heavy is the Compton?3. How many tons of hot metal were expected to plunge into the Pacific?4. What is the place that has been chosen for the crash of the Compton?5. How big is the path that the debris of the Compton would scatter over?6. Why is it necessary to force the Compton to fall from its orbit?7. What's the significance of the Compton?C.Summary:This news report tells us that organic molecules have been detected on the moons of the planet Jupiter and some form of life might have evolved there.Moons of Jupiter FindingsGanymedeWrinkled surface pockmarked with impacts from asteroids and cometsGanymede & Callisto--Chemical signals showing there are organic molecules containing carbon and nitrogen-- Evidence of water iceEuropa Deep oceansTapescript.Astronomers in the United States say they have detected organic molecules on themoons of the planet Jupiter which could indicate the conditions are right there for some form of life to have evolved. After studying the latest findings sent back by the space probe Galileo, the scientists say they have found chemical signals showing that there are organic molecules on the moons containing carbon and nitrogen.For the past 15 months, the Galileo spacecraft has been orbiting Jupiter studying four of its moons. Photographs of one of them, Ganymede, shows a wrinkled surface pockmarked with impacts from asteroids and comets. But now both on Ganymede and the second moon, Callisto, scientists have detected chemical signals showing there are organic molecules there containing carbon and nitrogen, essential ingredients for life. There is also evidence of water ice there. And on the third moon, Europa, there are deep oceans. There are other possible explanations for the presence of organic molecules on Jupiter's moons. Violent thunderstorms, for example, may produce them. But after the discovery of possible micro fossils on Mars last year, the new evidence raises the stakes. Dr Simon Milton from Cambridge University was at the meeting in America where the results were announced."Almost wherever we look in the solar system today with our spacecraft, it's almost like going and looking at different restaurants. It seems that there are many places where there is interesting kind of organic soup on the menu, which could have the right conditions for pre-biology, the beginnings of life, or even the existence of life." Galileo took six years to reach Jupiter and practically broke down on the way. But even though it's crippled, its results have been better than scientists have dared to hope.Part III China' s space' and aeronautics industrySummary:This news report is about the safe and accurate return of the unmanned spacecraft after completing its first test flight.Answer the questions:1. According to President Jiang, what is the significance of the success of this experimental flight?a. A milestone in China's space and aeronautic developmentb. The technological breakthrough of manned space flightsc. An inspiration for the Chinese people2. What did President Jiang call on scientists and engineers to do?a. To fully study and analyze the experimental resultsb. To map out a development plan to expand the options for China's peaceful use of spacec. To' improve the level of China's space and aeronautics industry3. According to Xu Fuxiang, what is the significance of this successful unmanned flight?a. Proving that the level of China's space and aeronautics industry is among the most advanced in the worldb. Inspiring more young Chinese scientists to work in the industryTapescript:In our top story today, President Jiang Zemin, Vice President Hu Jintao, and other top leaders, this afternoon went to Beijing's space center to see the module of the returned unmanned spacecraft which completed its first test flight recently. A ceremony was held this morning, to celebrate the opening of the module. It was transported back to Beijing from Inner Mongolia yesterday.President Jiang Zemin was briefed on the experimental process of the flight of the spacecraft. He said he's satisfied with the result of the experimental flight. Jiang Zemin pointed out that the success of the experimental flight is a milestone in China's space and aeronautic development and has special significance in the technological breakthrough of manned space flights. He said it is also an inspiration for all Chinese people.The President called on scientists and engineers to fully study and analyze the experimental results so as to map out a development plan to expand the options for China's peaceful use of space.Earlier in the day, officials from China's space and aeronautics industry, along with researchers and manufacturers of the spacecraft, held a ceremony to mark the safe return of the spacecraft and opened its module. Though the module did not carry any astronauts, it did have a payload. The staff took out national flags, the flags of the Macau Special Administrative Region, and a banner with all the signatures of the scientists and engineers who participated in the construction of the spacecraft. The items will be presented as gifts by the staff of the space and aeronautics industry.The spacecraft voyage is successful and the module returns accurately and safely. However, we shall conduct more studies on concrete technical data such as temperature and humidity recorded by the module. It will provide us with more data to manufacture the manned spacecraft.Xu Fuxiang, the President of China's Space Technological Research Institute, said that the successful flight of the unmanned spacecraft proves that the level of China's space and aeronautics industry is among the most advanced in the world. It will inspire more young Chinese scientists to work in the industry.B.Summary:This news report is about China's launch of the second unmanned experimental spacecraft "Shenzhou H" Answers to the questions:Answers to the questions1. In the early hours of Wednesday morning / A rocket center in Gansu Province2. A few days later / Inner Mongolia3. To launch a space station / To put astronauts on the moon4. November 19995. 14 times6. 21 hours7. Inner Mongolia8. A few days9. 1992Tapescript:China says it's successfully put a second unmanned spacecraft into orbit. It's expected to re-enter the earth's atmosphere over Inner Mongolia in a few days' time. The launch is part of ambitious, long-term plans by the Chinese authorities which ultimately include hopes of building a space station.The official Chinese news agency said the country's second unmanned experimental spacecraft, "Shenzhou II ," was successfully launched in the early hours of Wednesday morning from a rocket center in Gansu Province in northwest China. It's part of a series of tests the Chinese are carrying out before pushing ahead with a manned space mission sometime in the future. The first test flight to the unmanned module took place in November 1999, when it orbited the earth 14 times before finally landing in Inner Mongolia, 21 hours later. The Chinese news agency says this mission will last for a few days. And several technical improvements have been made to the craft. China began its manned space program in 1992, and officials have expressed the hope that one day they'll ultimately launch a space station and put astronauts on the moon.Questions:1. When and where was Shenzhou II launched?2. When and where will Shenzhou Il re-enter the earth's atmosphere?3. What is China's long-term ambition'?4. When did the first test flight to the unmanned module take place?5. How many times did it orbit the earth?6. How many hours did it stay in the orbit?7. Where did it land?8. How long will Shenzhou Il's mission last?9. When did China begin its manned space program?Part IV Mir Russia's space gloryMir FactsLength of service: 15 yearsBuilt by: the Soviet Union, now RussiaCost: $4.2 billion (for building and maintaining)Time for building: 10 years (1986 -- 1996)Weight: 135 tons V olume: 9,900 cubic feetSize: 63 feet wide and 85 feet longVisits to Mir by: 104 cosmonauts, astronauts, and other visitorsFlights made to Mir: 46Longest single stay in orbit: Cosmonaut Valery Polyakov, 438 daysLongest total for human stay in space: Cosmonaut Sergei Avdeyev,totaled 747 days, three separate missionsMir back to Earth: Mar. 23rd, 2001Tapescript:Mir means "peace" in Russian. The station had a core block of living quarters and six docking ports for supply ships.Mir was built by the Soviet Union, which is now Russia. It cost $4.2 billion to build and maintain it. Scientists spent ten years building it, from 1986 to 1996. It weighs 135 tons and has a volume of 9,900 cubic feet. It is 63 feet wide and 85 feet long. Mir hosted 104 cosmonauts, astronauts, and visitors. Forty-six flights were made to Mir. Cosmonaut Valery Polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in orbit, which is 438 days. And cosmonaut Sergei Avdeyev totaled 747 days between his three separate missions to Mir, which is the longest total for any human staying in space.The Mir Space Station has been sailing through space for 15 years. But Mir doesn't work very well any longer, and its orbit is failing. It has been replaced by the new International Space Station, where the U. S. A., Russia and many other countries work together. So Russia is going to bring Mir down into the ocean. They will be careful that none of Mir's pieces hit places where people live.This event will be big news --as it should be! Since the Russians began building Mir in 1986, it has survived a fire, collisions with other spacecraft, and even attacks on its wiring by microbes that ate metal and glass! We have learned a lot from Mir about how to live and work in space.The Russian Space Agency guided Mir back to Earth on March 23rd. Fragments of the huge spacecraft splashed down in the South Pacific ocean just as ground controllers had planned. It was a flawless re-entry. No one was hurt. Mir was truly a remarkable achievement of human ingenuity, breaking uncounted records for human space-flight. The Mir is gone but will never be forgotten.1. Why is Sergei Avdeyev regarded as the world's most traveled man?a. Spent longer than anyone else on Mirb. Spent 380 days in space during his third visitc. Orbited the earth 11,968 times2. How did the cosmonauts make Mir a cozy home?a. With things the cosmonauts brought themselvesb. With what the cargo ship deliveredc. With things inherited from the previous space station3. What are some of the things that the astronauts on Mir once had or used?a. Photosb. Good-luck charmsc. Calendarsd. Musice. Library of 400 books: classic literature technical / reference / dictionaryf. Christmas treeg. Decorationsh. Art gallery: 15 paintingsTapescript:This week the Russian Space Agency said that they will let Mir drop into the vast atmosphere to burn up. And if any of the 137-ton (sic) craft remains after that, the bitswill drop into the Pacific Ocean. Well, that's the theory. Mir became a symbol of Russia's space glory and the most visited place in space with more than 70 astronauts from many countries making the journey from Earth into orbit. Sergei Avdeyev, a flight engineer, spent longer than anyone else up there. On his third and final visit, he spent a marathon 380 days in space. In total, he orbited the earth 11,968 times, and is beyond doubt the world's most traveled man."By the time I first flew to Mir in 1992, people were already living there. And when we arrived, we were met and greeted by the other astronauts. We knew the people on board already though, because we trained together or just because they worked in the same place as us. And so we knew who's going to meet us. But then again, each time it was a new experience, a new team, and therefore a new atmosphere on the station. And despite the facts that we trained for months before launch, it's very hard to imitate the interior of the station in simulation exercises. We never really understood what it was actually like or what the cosmonauts did there to make it a cozy home."I mean of course it looked well-lived-in. Apart from the things the cosmonauts brought themselves, and what the cargo ship delivered, we also inherited quite a lot of things from the previous space station. There were some restrictions on the amount of stuff we could take up with us for personal use. We were allowed a kilo and a half personal belongings but that's it. This could be anything you like, books, photos, good-luck charms, anything. But over time, we managed to add to this. Firstly because the station has been in orbit for a long time, and most of the things people brought stayed up there. And secondly, cargo ships arrived regularly, carrying parcels from Earth with books, calendars, music. And we had quite a large library as well. Four hundred books ranging from classic literature to technical and reference books. And when the foreigners started to fly with us, we got dictionaries, Russian-English, German-Russian, and so on."Some of us spent half a year there at a time, and of course it became like our home, a place where you spent a significant part of your life. During my second and third trips, there were things there which reminded me of the previous trips. For instance, I celebrated New Year there three times! I even knew where the Christmas tree and the decorations were kept."By my second flight, we had a joint program with the American shuttle, which brought a new module to the station, the docking sector. It was brand-new when we received it and completely empty. So we decided to use it as a kind of art gallery. TheEuropean Space Agency had organized a competition among European artists for their work to be exhibited in space. They sent us 15 paintings, and we put them on the walls and ceiling. And when we have some time off, we love to go..."Unit 2 World News: International RelationsPart I Warming up1. What is the summit's statement expected to call on UN members?To make commitments to eradicate poverty, promote democracy and education, and reverse the spread of AIDSHow many heads-of-state attended the summit? More than 1502. What has the former American Defense Secretary William Perry recommended?A radical change of policy towards North Korea, from undermining to co-existing3. Which three countries are admitted by ASEAN on Saturday?Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos4. What is the purpose of "Million Mom March"?To push for tougher gun control laws5. What happened inside the Macedonian border with Kosovo?There's been further fighting between Macedonian forces and Ethnic Albanian guerrillas.6. What happened on Friday about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor?A U. S. nuclear submarine tore through a Japanese fishing vessel, sinking it within minutes.How many people were on the vessel? And how many were missing? 35/97. How many casualties were there in the U.S. navy's bombing in Kuwait?Killed: 5 Americans + 1 from New ZealandInjured: 5 Americans8. What happened in the West Bank and Gaza?Gun battles between Israeli troops and Palestinian gunmen have been raiding overnight.9. What is NATO trying to do?To allay growing disquiet about the possible health risks from ammunitions containing depleted uraniumHow many former peacekeeping soldiers are reported to have died from cancer? About 2010. What are the problems with the nuclear facilities and nuclear plants in Japan? Nuclear facilities. Some have breached many health and safety laws.Nuclear plants: More than half failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements.Tapescript:1. With the final declaration on its role in the 21st century, the summit's statement is expected to call on UN members to make commitments to eradicate poverty, promote democracy and education, and reverse the spread of AIDS. More than 150 heads of state and government attended the summit, the largest gathering of world leaders in history.2. The former American Defense Secretary William Perry has recommended a radical change of policy towards North Korea. In the State Department policy review he said the United States and its allies should try to co-exist with North Korea rather than undermine it.3. The Association of South-East Asian Nations has decided to invite Burma to join its ranks, shrugging off western denunciations of the military regime in Rangoon. ASEAN foreign ministers voted on Saturday to admit Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos.4. Hundreds of thousands of mothers from across the United States gathered here in Washington Sunday to push for tougher gun control laws. Organizers of the so-called "Million Mom March" are hoping to harness growing outrage at the number of children killed by handguns in the United States.5. There's been further fighting between Macedonian forces and Ethnic Albanian guerrillas inside the Macedonian border with Kosovo. The fighting followed an earlier clash in which guerrillas ambushed a police patrol in Macedonia killing one policeman.6. The missing, four of them teenagers, were among 35 people aboard a high school fishing vessel from Japan. On Friday, a U.S. nuclear submarine tore through the ship, sinking it within minutes. The USS Greenville, which was not seriously damaged, was performing an emergency surfacing drill when the collision occurred about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor. Coast Guard rescue teams plucked all but nine of the victims from the rough seas.7. A bomb dropped by the United State's navy aircraft during training in Kuwait has hit a group of military observers, killing six of them. Five of the dead were American,the sixth was a special force's major from New Zealand. The 500pound bomb landed near an observation post during a live-firing training exercise in the desert. It was dark at the time. Five other American military personnel were injured.8. Gun battles between Israeli troops and Palestinian gunman have been raiding overnight in the West Bank and Gaza. The upsurge in violence comes after Israeli attack helicopters targeted and killed a member of an elite Palestinian security force.9. NATO is taking a number of steps to allay growing disquiet about the possible health risks from ammunitions containing depleted uranium, which it used in Kosovo and Bosnia. A special committee will be set up to handle the issue. About 20 former peacekeeping soldiers are reported to have died from cancer after serving in Kosovo or Bosnia.10. Some nuclear facilities in Japan have breached many health and safety laws. Government inspectors checked 17 nuclear plants. More than half of them failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements. Japanese nuclear regulators have been ordered to crack down following the country's worst nuclear accident in September. Sixty-nine people were exposed to dangerous levels of radiation in the accident.Part II News reportsSummary:This news report tells us that the United Nations General Assembly has elected Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as its new non-permanent members of the Security Council.Statements:1. Columbia, Ireland, and Singapore won their seats as nonpermanent members of the Security Council on the first round of balloting while Mauritius and Norway won their seats on the fourth ballot.2. Sudan and Mauritius are two candidates of the Organization of African Unity.3. There were three countries contending for the two seats allotted to the western industrialized group of nations.4. The Security Council is made up of 15 members, including five permanent members -- China, France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States--and 10 non-permanent members.Tapescript:The United Nations General Assembly has elected' Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius,。

step_by_step3000第三册unit3答案与原文

Unit 3 World News: Economic DevelopmentsPart I Warming upATapescript:1.Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries have been meeting in Hong Kong today. One subject they likely discussed is the outlook for the global economy because of the U. S. slowdow n and Japa n'sstruggli ng recovery. Ano ther topic they may have discussed is how tostre ngthe n finan cial markets in emerg ing econo mies in Asia and elsewhere.2. A United Nations' report says the worldwide total of foreign investment grew by nearly 40% last year to more than 600 billion dollars. The report by the UN Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD says most of it took place betwee n developed coun tries as big compa nies took one ano ther over.3.The Un ited States House of Represe ntatives has approved a cut in in come tax rates, the first part of a package of tax cutt ing measures put forward by Preside nt Bush. The in come tax reduct ions will amount to n early 1 trilli on dollars over ten years.4.The world's largest maker of computer chips, In tel, has announ ced job cuts after a fall in dema nd for its products. In tel said it expected its reve nue in the first quarter of this year to fall by a quarter tha n the same period last year. The Califor ni a-based compa ny pla ns to reduce its 85,000-stro ng work force by 5,000.5.The Europea n Union has imposed further restricti ons on the moveme nt of live-stock after a case of foot-a nd-mouth disease was con firmed in Fran ce. The Un ited States and Can ada have issued temporary bans on the import of all animal produce from EU countries.BTapescripts:1.The dollar is trading at one German mark seventy-three point three and at 126.9 Japanese yen. The pound buys one dollar sixty-two point four. I n New York, the Dow Share In dex closed 45 higher at 6,783. Earlier Lon don's 100 Share In dex en ded 20 higher at 4,390. In Tokyo, the Nikkei Share In dexis closed for a holiday.2.The Dow Jones In dustrial Average closed up 96 poi nts at 10,116. The Sta ndard and Poor's 500 Index gained 6 points to close at 1,254. But the NASDAQ Index lost 1.5% as high technology and Internet stocks were battered.3.Right now the Dow is down another 66 points at 8,094; the NASDAQ Composite down 3 points at 1,662. Turningto Europe's major markets: London stocks were hit by a wave of profit taking after five straight record closes; the FT 100 In dex dow n 36 poin ts; Paris see ing losses as well, the CAC quara nte down 33 points or 1%; and Frankfurt's DAX also fell 1% after briefly moving into record territory.4.The Hang Seng In dex closed dow n 89 poi nts at 3,521. The turno ver was 7.71 billio n dollars. Now look at the ten most active stocks. Cable and Wireless HKT up 45 cents, HSBC holdings down 50 cen ts, Hutchis on dow n 50 cen ts, Sha nglon gkai Property up $2.25, and Chi na Telecom dow n $1.50, Chang Kong up 25 cen ts, Pacific Cen tury Cyberworlds dow n 10 cen ts, CCT Telecom dow n 27.5 cen ts, New World Cyberspace dow n 7.5 cen ts, and Hanong Hold ings dow n 25 cen ts. The Hang Seng In dex future for November and December were all dow n. Hong Kong gold closed at 2,670 Hong Kong dollars, and London gold is trad ing at 289 U.S. dollars.5.Con sumer electr onics maker Philips Electro nics reported a lower tha n expected profit for last year. The company made about $2.4 billion, more than $300 million below estimates. Oil company RoyalDutch Shell posted its earnings. It made roughly a $3.6 billion profit for its fourth quarter. That was esse ntially in line with Street expectati ons. Electro nic Data Systems also reported its fourth quarter numbers last night. It posted a 70-cent profit per share, two cents better than expectations.Part II News reportsATapescripts:For the second year in a row, the General Electric Corporation is ranked number one in an annual survey of the 100 most powerful corporati ons in the world.The survey, compiled and published by Forbes bus in ess magaz ine, shows Gen eral Electric of the Un ited States ran ked nu mber one, followed in sec ond and third place by the U.S. banking and financial services giants Citigroup and Bank of America. In fourth and fifth place are the British-based HSBC Banking Compa ny and Daimler-Chrysler, the Germa n-America n auto-compa ny. The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of its (their) stock. What the magazine calls its "Super 100 Global" list are 46 compa nies based in the Un ited States and 54 in Europe and Japa n.Mike Ozanian, the Forbes editor who compiled the list, says there is a growing trend of international mergers and acquisiti ons, cit ing compa nies such as Daimler-Chrysler and BP-Amoco, the An glo-America n Oil Compa ny. Mr. Ozanian says that despite the huge capitalizati ons of many Internet-related firms, none were included because most have little, if any, profits -- at least not yet.BTapescript:U.S. stock prices were mixed on Mon day, with the "blue-chips" in a rally mode. But volume was only moderate after a holiday-shorte ned week last week, show ing lin geri ng un certa inty among in vestors. The Dow JonesIn dustrial Average went up 75 poin ts, less tha n one perce nt, to 10,546. The S & P 500 Index gained 7 points. But the NASDAQ Composite backed off an early rally, taking a loss of almost one perce nt on weak nessin selected tech no logy stocks.The Dow In dustrials actually got a boost from their tech no logy comp onen ts. Shares of In tel traded higher after an an alyst said sales growth at the lead ing computer chip-maker could be stron ger tha n expected. Microsoft stock also edged higher.Retail stocks gained on stron ger-tha n-expected sales over the Than ksgi ving weeke nd, as the holiday shopp ing seas on got un derway.However, an alysts cautio n the retail picture is still clouded because many stores offered barga ins toattract shoppers. Experts worry that higher oil prices and interest rates will make this a less than merry Christmas seas on for U.S. mercha nts.The latest on the U.S. economy points to slower growth. Sales of existi ng homes fell a steep 3.9 perce nt in October, their sec ond mon thly decli ne.Many an alysts thi nk un certa inty over the economy makes it in creas in gly likely that the major stock averages will close lower for the year. But inv estme nt strategist Ala n Skrai nka says the Ion ger-term looks better."No on e can guess what will happe n to the market over the n ext mon th. But over the Ion g-term, we think the market looks very good. If you're a Iong-term investor, this is a very good entry point for getting into the market because this is what you've been waiting for. All the fear and uncertainty in themarketplace is sett ing us up for some very good values in the market."Part III Voice mail may cost company's business APart 3 V)ice mail may cost compa ny's bus in essBob Edwards: An automated phone system aimed at sav ing compa nies money may be turni ng off their customers. The system is voice mail in which callers are instructed to punch buttons to reach the desired party or to have a question answered.'lts used by more than one third of major US companies. Con sulta nts are warning that this system has hidde n costs that could result in lost bus in ess. In the San Fran cisco area, one company s biggest selli ng point is that it does not use voice mail.Elai ne Korry: Five years ago, whe n voice mail was first in troduced, many compa nies were wary of the tech no logy. Now it seemsvoice mail has take n over both bus in ess and gover nment pho ne services. In a rece nt ad campaig n, TakeCare, a large health maintenance orga ni zati on, lampo oned the disembodied voices with their menu opti ons: Hello. Welcome to Fidelity HMO. If you have a questi on, press 1 now. if you would like that question answered, press 2 now. if you would like to be put on hold for ten minutes, press 3 now. if you would like to hear bland orchestrated pop songs…In the ad, TakeCare boasts its customers have an old-fashi oned alter native to voice mail Operator: And the patient s first name? And how can I help you?Elaine Korry: In the TakeCare service department, ten live operators answer more than a thousa nd customer phone calls each day. Preside nt Jud Jessup says the spoof on voice mail has bee n a huge success in promoti ng his compa n's disti nctive image.Jud Jessup: We strive to deliver pers on alized service and weve always positi oned our compa ny as what we call a “high service” HMO. And we don' t think that getting a recording is high service. It may---may be efficient, and may be cost effective, but it s not high service.Ela ine Korry: Accordi ng to many con sumers, voice mail is no service at all, but rather a way for compa nies to hide from their customers. Complai nts about automated pho ne systems are defi nitely on the rise. Plogue Research in Los An geles rece ntly surveyed bus in esspeople across the coun try. According to Stanley Plogue, the majority felt frustration, even fury, over their run-ins with voice mail.Stanley Plogue: A lot of irritati on, and a ki nd of com mon phrase right now is it' s “ voice jail ” ---you get trapped in it, and you can t get out.Elaine Korry: Plogue says that a time consuming or confusing voice-mail system can actually cost a compa ny bus in ess.Stanley Plogue: About a fourth of the people said they have not let out a con tractor or supplier because they didn't like their voice mail system. And others have just given up with trying to deal with certain compa ni es.Sandy Hale: It sounds to me in that kind of a situation that (there) was not an option to reach a live prison immediately, which there always should be.Elai ne Korry: Sandy Hale is with Pacific Bell which man ages 300,000 voice mailboxes in California. She says, “ Don' t blame the tech no logy for customer complai nts” Accord ing to Hale, those groans offrustration arise because companies doh t do a good job designing their voice mail menus.Sandy Hale: People want to get the information they called in for. They want it quickly, they want it simply. If you don ' t give them an option to find the information they need, they ' re going to be frustrated---they' re going to go away.Ela ine Korry: Some compa ni es, in clud ing ban ks, airli nes, and in sura nee age ncies, have dropped voice-mail because of complaints, but according to Hale, flawed systems easily can be fixed. Pacific Bell haspublished an “ Etiquette Guide” for its voice-mail customers. The booklet stressesthat callers should always have the option of talking to a human being when they need help. Sandy Hale admits many voice-mail systemscould use an overhaul, but she says that tech no logy is here to stay. Sandy Hale: As compa nies are, you know, watchi ng what' s happe ning to their bottom line, and see what's happening with their costs, they re lookingfor ways to become more efficient at what they do, in cludi ng their customer service operati ons, and voice mail is certa inly a valuable tool.Ela ine Korry: HMO preside nt Jud Jessup says his compa ny does use voice mail for internal com muni catio ns, and he admits it' s bee n useful in cutt ing dow n on telepho ne tag among his employees. But, says Jessup, calls from the public are en tirely differe nt.Jud Jessup: People have in dividual problems. I thi nk there ll always be a place for pers on alized service.Ela ine Korry: TakeCare preside nt Jud Jessup, who foresees a grow ing backlash aga inst voice mail. In San Fran cisco, ' m Elai ne Korry.If you still want a membership card, please punch in Beethoven s 5th.Da Da Da DaNow---in D minor.Part IV Business jargonAMost people like using short-cuts. We all usually want to get from A to B as quickly as possible and when we want to get our message across to people with the same job as us, we often use jargon.sIta ki nd of short-cut that helps us com muni cate without wasti ng time. Jarg on is simply a kind of Ian guage shortha nd that letsus say what we mean quickly. Or is it?In the bus in ess world you might expect to hear or use a lot of jarg on. However, a report just out in Brita in claims that most man agers overusebus in ess jarg on and that this has a n egative effect on how staff feel.Inv estors in People---a public body whose main stakeholder is the Departme nt for Educati on and Skills---says that using terms like “ bluesky thinking ” rather than saying more plainly “ imagine new or differe nt ways of doing thin gs” baffles employees and wide ns the gap betwee n man agers and staff.Most employees in Britai n, accordi ng to this survey, have a low opinion of colleagues who use man ageme nt jarg on. Over a third of those surveyed thi nk it shows a lack of con fide nce and almost one in five think people who use it are untrustworthy or trying to cover something up.Some of the most overused bus in ess expressi ons that fell foul of those surveyed ( and their more straightforward explanations) were: Get our ducks in a row (have everything arranged efficiently), brain dump (tell everything you know about a particular subject) and think outside the box (be creative in how you thi nk about problems).Peter Russia n from In vestors in People said that an effective boss is one who can com muni cate in a way which every one can easily un dersta nd, not one who uses a lot of man ageme nt jarg on.So now that you' ve got the helicopter view (just an overview) of bus in ess jarg on, it' s time to give you a heads up (a warning) not to overuse this management speak. But that s a real no-brainer (that' s simple), is n' t it?。

stepbystep3000第二册听力答案及原文

Unit 1 Happy Family LifePart I Warming up / 1Part II All you need is love? / 4Part III First meetings / 9Part IV A Valentine story / 12Unit 2 Shaping and Reshaping PersonalityPart I Warming up / 15 Part II Self-esteem / 19Part III How to deal with depression and anger? / 22 Part IV Short talks on listening skills / 25 Represent the Ideas Clear and Clean ?OutliningUnit 3 All Can SucceedPart I Warming up / 27Part II The road to success / 30Part III Good better best / 34Part IV Language study and language appreciation / 38Unit 4 Getting Ready for the Future CareerPart I Warming up / 41Part II Painting for pay / 46Part III Choosing a career / 49Part IV My pet hate / 52Unit 5 Creative MindsPart I Warming up / 55 Part II Scientists of the millennium (I) / 60 Part III Scientists of the millennium (II) / 63 Part IV Short talks on listening skills / 66Letting Things Go桽peed and VocabularyUnit 6 Its Great to Be a ChampionPart I Warming up / 68Part II They are the champion! / 72Part III Luck in the hat / 76Part IV Language study and language appreciation / 79Unit 7 Leisure TimePart I Warming up / 82Part II Mozart's music still alive today / 86Part III The man with the horn / 89Part IV Bank Holiday DIY / 92Unit 8 Everybody Can Help the EnvironmentPart I Warming up / 94Part II Campaign California Re-Leaf / 97Part III PBS梐biodegradable plastic product / 100 Part IV Short talks on listening skills / 102 The "Inverted Pyramid" in News ReportingUnit 9 News I: DisastersPart I Warming up / 104Part II News items / 108Part III Torrential storms in Kenya / 111Part IV Language study and language appreciation / 114Unit 10 News II: HealthPart I Warming up / 117Part II Hand washing / 123Part III Lifestyle & environmental factors vs cancers / 125Part IV Doctors on the Internet / 127Unit 11 News IlkPart I Warming up / 131Part II Astronomers discover solar system / 136Part III Compton Gamma Ray Observatory / 137Part IV Language study and language appreciation / 139Uit t 12 Dictation / 141 Vocabulary /147isiiPartHappy Family LifeWarming upKey words: family nameageVocabulary:architect WalesSupply the missing information about the Porter family according to what you hear.Family TreeName: Susan Age: 48Name: John Porter Age: 53Name: James Porter Age: 24Tape script;The Porter FamilyMr. William Porter is very old. He's 87. And Mrs Catherine Porter is 80. Mr Porter is from Wales. John Porter and Mary are brother and sister. John Porter is 53 and he's a lawyer. His wife Susan is 48, and she's an architect. James Porter and Joan Lee are cousins. James Porter is 24 and Joan Lee is 17.Key words:dates specific protect talk understand respectVocabulary:fatigue / foxhole / distracted / abuseYou are going to hear some ideas that may help make a marriage work. Listen carefully. Complete the following seven tips, and decide whether you agree or disagree with the speaker. Check the appropriate box.Tips for a happy marriage Agree Disagreej Go on dates uith each other. Renew romantic feelings by spending special time together.Be as specific as you can vhen you complain, make a re-quest, or offer praise.When stressed by fatigue or your oiun insecurities, y imagine you and your partner in a foxhole, surrounded by danger. Instead of striking, out at your partner, find a way to protect the partnership!^ When you feel "distant," talk about it uith your part-ner.Be assured that partners in alt marriages sometimes gettired, irrital>le, or distracted. Work together to under-stand each other.Respect each other. Leave if danger exists. Find profes-signal help if physical, sexual, emotional, or verbal abuse occurs.Fight to " understand," not to " win."Tapescript;Here are a few general ideas I believe help make a marriage work;Go on dates with each other. Renew romantic feelings by spending special time together.Be as specific as you can when you complain, make a request, or of-fer praise.When stressed by fatigue or your own insecurities, imagine you andyour partner in a foxhole, surrounded by danger. Instead of striking out at your partner, find a way to protect the partnership!When you feel "distant," talk about it with your partner.Be assured that partners in all marriages sometimes get tired, irritable, or distracted. Work together to understand each other.Respect each other. Leave if danger exists. Find professional help if physical, sexual, emotional, or verbal abuse occurs.Fight to "understand," not to "win. "Key words:losing "lose-lose solutions control Vocabulary:attest / excel / reside in / configuration / spouseHere is a passage about how to excel in the art of domestic argument. Supply the missing words while listening.Tapescript:Having been married for more than 40 years, I can attest to the truth of the following statement: To excel in the art of domestic argument, one must master the art of losing.Modern psychologists are taken with the "win-win" solution. But in marriage, success resides more in "lose-lose" solutions. Out of these, both parties can win. For in the love configuration, losing gives a gift that always returns.The issues that people argue over most in marriage, such as how to spend money, often aren't the real ones. The key issue is: Who is going to be in control? When I was younger, my need to control arose out of fear, a lack of trust, insecurity. The day I finally realized I didn't need to control my wife梩hat, indeed, I ought not to control her, that I couldn't control her, and that if I tried to, I would destroy our marriage ?was the day our marriage began.What is it we want most from a marriage? To love and be loved. To be happy and secure. To grow to discover. A love relationship is the gar-den in which we plant, cultivate and harvest the most precious of crops, our own self, and in which our spouse is provided the same rich soil in which to bloom.Part JJWe cannot obtain what we want unless our partner also gets what he or she wants. So remember; if you want to feel loved and respected, give up control.All you need is love?Key words:social backgrounds race ethnic religion Vocabulary:pre-industrial / propose / criterionYou are going to hear a report on how people in different parts of the world choose their mates.A1 Before listening, think about some of the qualities you would look for in a mate.A2 As you listen, try to write down the three main criteria people usuallymaintain for choosing a mate. 1: Having similar social backgrounds. 2: Having the same race or same ethnic background. 3: Having the same religion.A3 Listen again. Answer the questions.Why does the speaker say that some of the past practices related to marriage customs are weakening?Japan / 9. 2% / arranged marriagesWhy does the speaker say that the races are still largely separate in marriage in the U. S. ?3% / between blacks and whitesTapescript;Many people in Western cultures choose their own wives and hus-bands. In many other cultures, spouses are often chosen by the parents. In China and Japan before this century (20 th century) , upper-class mar-riages were arranged by the older males. In many cultures in the Middle East, Asia, and pre-industrial Europe, the man's family negotiated a "bride price" with the woman's family; the man's family was expected to pay it. In Hindu India, the bride's family paid a" groom's price" to the family of the man. These customs are weakening; for instance, only 9.2 percent of Japanese marriages are now arranged.What are the criteria for choosing mates? Most marriages梬hether arranged by families or occurring from personal attraction or love梐re based on similar social backgrounds. In other words, the man and the woman come from the same social class (or else a class that is only slightly higher or slightly lower). Among many people in Egypt, key members of the man's family must go to the family of the woman and propose mar-riage. These family members must be able to show that the man's family is at least of the same social class as the woman and that a certain amount of money exists to allow the marriage to go forward.Having the same race or the same ethnic background is the second main criterion for marriage throughout the world. In the U. S. , where there are many different races, only 3 percent of all marriages are between blacks and whites, meaning that the races are still largely separate in marriage.In many countries, marriage is also based on the woman and man having the same religion; this is a third common criterion for choosing a mate. In cultures in which religion is a very strong value, marriages would often not take place if there were religious differences.Key words:physical appearance fall in love loving somebodyVocabulary:sustain / differentiateBarbara CartlandListen to a dialogue that discusses personal and family relationships.Complete the following main ideas expressed by the second speaker.Unfortunately, perhaps in the initial stages it's the physical appearance that attracts.In fact it shouldn't be what somebody looks like that is important. You should be able to look beyond the physical appearance and see what sort of a person he or she is.In pop songs and magazines and newspapers and so on, the idea of falling in love is always emphasized. ?In fact I think we can proba-bly lay there the blame for the high percentage of divorces.I think you have to differentiate between falling in love with somebody, which I see as more superficial, and loving somebody, which I see as a deeper emotion and one that perhaps lasts.Tapescript;A: What do you think it is that attracts people to each other, that makes people want to be together?B: I think that perhaps unfortunately in the initial stages it's the physical appearance that attracts. I think unless you find somebody attractive, unless there's something about them梚t could only perhaps be the way they smile or they laugh, or a twinkle in their eye, or the way a curl falls over their forehead. But something like that has to make you interested enough to find out more about that person, unless that's there I think you just don't bother. So initially physical attraction 1 think is all-important.A: Why do you say"unfortunately"?B: Because in fact it shouldn't be what somebody looks like that is im-portant. You should be able to look beyond the physical appearance and see what sort of a person he or she is, whether they're selfish or selfless, whether they're kind, caring. But I think initially you're not bothered with that. That comes perhaps later.A: In pop songs and magazines and newspapers and so on, the idea of falling in love is always emphasized, so people have this idea that you have to fall in love. Do you think this is misleading for people? Do you think people expect something that in fact doesn't exist?B: Yes I do, in fact I think we can probably lay the blame for the high percentage of divorces梚t's a third I think now, isn't it? I think one in three people get divorced. Probably as far as I can see it, the reason is that they go into marriage or into a relationship with a very romantic view of love which I think has been created by the pop songs, by all the love stories, by the Barbara Cartland novels, etc. , that young peo-ple read. Really, you meet someone, you fall in love, and that's it, it's the beginning, they live happily ever after. And I think that's the problem, because people just expect that, and it's not like that. A: So what is it, do you think, that really sustains a relationship, thatkeeps a relationship going? B: Well, 1 think you have to differentiate between falling in love with somebody, which I see as more superficial, and loving somebody, which 1 see as a deeper emotion and one that perhaps lasts. Falling in love is superficial attraction, being attracted to somebody physically, having fun together, whereas loving somebody I think is an emotion that grows, it comes with shared experiences, perhaps enjoying doing the same things together, shared hobbies, shared interests, suffering together as well, going through the bad times, helping each other, supporting each other. I think all that needs time to grow, and I'd call that love, and I think that's what makes a relationship last.Key words:"just-right wife physical qualities athletic sports qualities nationalitiesVocabulary:vow / upper portion / designer clothingNow you are going to hear some views on men's "just-right" wives. Listen carefully. Complete the summary.SummaryFor years men and women have been getting married. When a man and a woman get married, it is one of the biggest decisions they will make in life. A man may select a woman because he, in his own eyes, sees heras the "just-right" wife for him.Every man has his own definition of what the "just-right" wife is. For instance, the millionaire man and the poor man both may define their " just-right" wife according to her physical qualities but use different words. Although some men define the "just-right" wife by her physical qualities, other men describe their "just-right" wife by her athletic quali-ties. Both the outdoors man and the inside sportsman may define their "just-right" wife by her sports qualities but in two different atmospheres. Men from all nationalities also have their definitions of the "just-right" wife. But the Italian man's definition is different from the French man's. And similarly, the German man's definition is different from the Spanish man's.Tapescript;For years men and women have been getting married. They say their wedding vows which bring them together as one. They promise to love and cherish each other until death do them part.When a man and a woman get married, it is one of the biggest deci-sions they will make in life. A man may select a woman because he, in his own eyes, sees her as the "just-right" wife for him. Every man has his own definition of what the "just-right" wife is. For instance, the million-aire man and the poor man both may define their "just-right" wife accord-ing to her physical qualities.A millionaire may describe his "just-right" wife as charming, beauti-ful, sexy, intelligent, and well developed. On the other hand, a poor man may define his "just-right" wife as pleasing, attractive, desirable, knowl-edgeable, and shapely. Both men describe their "just-right" wife by the same physical qualities but use different words.Although some men define the "just-right" wife by her physical qual-ities, other men describe their "just-right" wife by her athletic qualities. For example, the outdoors man may define his "just-right" wife as a woman who loves to fish, to camp, to hunt, and to water ski, whereas the inside sportsman may define his "just-right" wife as a woman who enjoys watching football, basketball, baseball, and wrestling. Both of these men define their "just-right" wife by her sports qualities but in two different at-mospheres.Men from all nationalities also have their definition of the "just-right" wife. For example, the Italian man describes his woman as a woman who stands six feet one inch tall with blonde hair and blue eyes, and who is well developed in the upper portion of her body. On the other hand, the French man may describe his ideal woman as a woman who stands only five feet three inches with brown hair and green eyes, and who is moder-ately built.Other nationalities, such as the German man and the Spanish man, may define their"just-right" wife as a woman with style. The German man may describe his "just-right" wife as a woman who likes to drive expensive sports cars, a woman who visits a different foreign country every month and wears only the most expensive designer clothing. But the Spanish man may define his "just-right" wife as a woman who enjoys giving dinner parties every weekend, wearing a lot of jewelry, and drink-ing expensive wines.PartFirst meetingsKey words:baseball diamond pizza fancy-dress party film riverVocabulary:frizzly / yearbook / platonic / hit it off / chap / trip overYou are going to hear five people talking about their first meetings.A Before listening, read and consider the following questions.How easy is it in your city for young men and women to meet and spend time alone together?At what age do young men and women usually begin to date with each other"?At what age is it customary for people to get married and how long do engagements last?What do you think of the "boy-meets-girl" custom?What do you think of the arranged marriages?B Listen to five people describing their first meetings with their present partners. Listen carefully and take notes in the following chart.Tapescript;Ka Kate Ke桲erry Co桟oralynJ桱ill Ca桟aroleKa: I was on my way home from junior high and in order to get to my house you have to walk by this baseball diamond. And there was a game of baseball going on and it looked kind of interesting, so I stopped. There weren't very many people watching. And there was this guy and he wasn't really very good-looking, but he had frizzly hair and glasses and he was really funny. He did this kind of mono-logue thing, which was great. And I went home and I told my mother I was going to marry him after talking to him for half an hour. And when I got to high school, he was president of the student body and he asked me out and. . . we've got our picture in the yearbook together holding hands, and it's really nice.Ke: Well, I'd arranged to have a drink with a . . . friend of mine . . . a ... a woman friend of mine who's a platonic friend of mine. And she . . . insisted on bringing this friend of hers which . . . who she said I'd like to meet and ... I thought she was trying to fix us upand I said, "Please don't!" Um ... but she did bring this friend. Um . . . and ... we hit it off. And . . . after the wine bar we went to . . . to have a pizza and we all got . . . had a few more drinks and ... the other woman who . . . ended up ordering a pizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that I really liked and she ... I ordered a pizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that she really liked, so we picked at each other's pizzas all night and we realized that we were. . . sort of had an ideal relationship, so that we could order re-ally any pizza on the menu and . . . we'd both be happy. And . . . anyway we ended up living together and still are.Co; Um ... we met at a party and it was a fancy-dress party. A friend of mine'stwenty-first and it was quite big and I went dressed as Al-ice in Wonderland and . . . this person, this guy that ... I married was dressed as the Cheshire Cat. And it just seemed so amazing that, you know, we were both from the same thing and we started chatting and ended up being together.J: Well ... I'd arranged to go to the cinema with a group of friends and . . . unfortunately I missed the train that would have got me to the cinema on time, so all my friends had gone in and I was left standing outside梩he film had started. So I wasn't allowed in. And . . . there was a chap outside, he'd also missed the film and we started to talk and ... we talked quite a bit and he said, "Let's go down the road and see that film, because that one hasn't started at the Odeon. " So we went down there and . . . well, we've been go-ing out ever since!Ca; I . . . I first met my partner . . . when he was on a boat and I was on the river bank, standing and looking generally into the distance and he was coming in to land with his boat and he threw me a rope and said, "Would you mind catching this?" and I caught it and missed and tripped over it and fell in the river and he had to dive in and res-cue me. And that was it!Part III I jf First meetings IPart |YA Valentine storyKey words:correspond romance first meeting red rose test wisdomVocabulary:intrigue / insightful / budding / lapel / provocative / tuck / plump / thrust / uphold / grip / square / saluteA Listen to the first part of a Valentine story, then write an ending for the story.B Now listen to the last part of the story. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear and make a comparison between the ending you designed and the one you heard.I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked by the bitterness of my disappointment: "I'm Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?" The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered, " but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!" It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. Tapescript:John Blanchard stood up from the bench, straightened his army uni-form, and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station. He looked for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with the rose. His interest in her had begun thir-teen months before in a Florida library. Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued, not with the words of the book, but with the notes penciled in the m;irgin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. In the front of the book, he discovered the pre-vious owner's name, Miss Hollis Maynell.With time and effort he located her address. She lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to corre-spond. The next day he was shippedoverseas for service in World War II. During the next year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail. Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding. Blanchard requested a photograph, but she re-fused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting?:00 p. m. at the Grand Central Station in New York. "You will recognize me," she wrote, "by the red rose I'll be wearing on my lapel. " So at 7:00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved, but whose face he'd never seen. I'll let Mr Blanchard tell you what happened.A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears. Her eyes were as blue flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness, and in her pale green suit she was like spring time coming alive. I started toward her, entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose. As I moved, a small, provocative smile curved her lips. "Going my way, sailor?" she murmured. Almost uncontrollably I made one step closer to her, and then I saw Hollis Maynell. She was standing almost directly behind the girl. APart IV A Valentine storywoman well past 40, she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat. . . She was more than plump, her thick-ankled feet thrust into low-heeled shoes. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away.I felt as though I was split into two, so keen was my desire to follow her, and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own. And there she stood. Her pale plump face was gentle and sensible, her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle. I did not hesitate. My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify me to her. This would not be love, but it would be something precious, something perhaps even better than love.I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked by the bitterness of my disappointment; "I'm Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?" The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered, "but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!" It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. Shaping and Reshaping PersonalityWarming upKey words:constellation months dates Vocabulary:Part Jconstellation / Taurus / Virgo / Capricorn / Pisces / Aquarius / Leo / Cancer / Aries / Gemini / Sagittarius / centaur / Scorpio / LibraColumn BThe constellations are totally imaginary things that poets, farmers and as-tronomers have made up over the past 6,000 years and probably even more. Listen to the following information about 12 constellations and match Column A with Column B.Column AVIRGOTAURUSSCORPIOSAGITTARIUSPISCESLIBRALEOGEMINICAPRICORNCANCERARIESAQUARIUSJanuary 21桭ebruary 19February 20桵arch 20March 21桝pril 20April 21桵ay 21May 22桱une 21June 22桱uly 22July 23桝ugust 22August 23桽eptember 23September 24桹ctober 23 j. October 24桸ovember 22k. November 23桪ecember 21 1. December 22桱anuary 201?h) 2?d) 3?j) 4?k) 5?b) 6?i) 7?g) 8?e) 9?1) 10?f) 11?c) 12?a)Tapescript:TAURUS April 21桵ay 21 , represented by a bullVIRGO August 23桽eptember 23, represented by a young womanCAPRICORN December 22桱anuary 20, represented by a goatPISCES February 20桵arch 20, represented by two fishAQUARIUS January 21桭ebruary 19, represented by the water-bearerLEO July 23桝ugust 22, represented by a lionCANCER June 22桱uly 22, represented by a crabARIES March 21桝pril 20, represented by a ramGEMINI May 22桱une 21 , represented by twinsSAGITTARIUS November 23桪ecember 21 , represented by a centaur (= half human and half horse) shooting an arrowSCORPIO October 24桸ovember 22, represented by a scorpionLIBRA September 24桹ctober 23, represented by a pair of meas-uring scalesKey words:personality survey aggressive selfish kind patient jealousVocabulary:aggressive / raise the roofIn the following short dialogue, a man is trying to help a woman do a per-sonality survey. Listen carefully and complete the survey below by putting checks where proper.Aggressive Selfish Kind Patient JealousTapescript:W: Hey, Kevin. Help me fill out this personality survey. It'll be fun. M: Oh, I don't know . . . W; Oh, come on . . . OK, here's the first one ?what should I put for"aggressive" ? M: Uh-oh ... I . . . I'd say "very. " W: Very? Really?M: Yeah, sure. Look at the way you drive!W: Well, OK, so I'm a very aggressive driver . . . but . . . you have todrive like that in this city, or you're gonna be hit, because . . . M: Uh . . . what's the next one? W; "Selfish. " M: Oh, not at all.W: Really? Well, . . . maybe just a little ... I mean, a lot of people are, right? Just a little bit? You know, I mean, I try to think of other peo-ple, but sometimes I do just think of myself, I guess. M: OK, OK, so put "not very. " W: OK.M: But you can put "extremely" for the next one. W; What? Oh, "kind"?M: Yes. Don't you think you're an extremely kind person? W: I am? OK, if you say so. Oh, look at this next one. M: Oh, "patient" ! W: Yeah.M: Hmm ... I don't know. Sometimes you can be really patient, but other times you're not patient at all. Like remember that time in line at the supermarket when you got. . . W: OK, OK. I get your point. I'll put "sort of. " M: OK, that's right.W: Next one . . . "jealous. " I guess I'm sort of jealous . . . M: Sort of? I'd put "very. " Remember how angry you got when my ex- girlfriend called the other day? 1 thought you're gonna raise the roof . . .W: All right, all right. "Very. "Oh, OK, what's the next one? That's all. That's all?Yeah. But now it's your turn. Key words:business successful a lost wallet movie shoppingVocabulary:smart / identificationNow listen to three conversations. Check the two adjectives that best de-scribe George, Karen, and Pam.George Karen PamTypescript:GeorgeW梂oman G桮eorgeW: So what are you going to do after you graduate, George?G: I'm going to start my own business.W: Oh, really? What type of business?G: Well, I haven't decided yet, but I know I'll be successful in anything I do. In fact, I'm going to be one of the top business people in town in less than five years. Just wait and see! I have everything it takes?I'm smart, I can organize people. And I'm full of ideas that can make money.KarenM: W: M: W-cK桲aren。

stepbystep3000第三册unit3问题详解及原文

英语专业学生经典的听力材料Unit 3 World News: Economic DevelopmentsPart I Warming upA1. Who have been meeting in Hong Kong today to discuss the outlook for the global economy?Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries.2. What does UNCTAD say about the worldwide total of foreign investment?It grew by 40% last Year to more than 600 billion dollars.3. Who has approved a cut in income tax rates?The United States House of Representatives.4. Who has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products? IntelWhat is its plan?To reduce its workforce by5,000.5. What decisions have been made by EU, the U.S. and Canada after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France?EU has imposed further restrictions on the movement of livestock. The U.S. and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of animal produce from EU.Tapescript:1. Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries have been meeting in Hong Kong today. One subject they likely discussed is the outlook for the global economy because of the U. S. slowdown and Japan's struggling recovery. Another topic they may have discussed is how to strengthen financial markets in emerging economies in Asia and elsewhere.2. A United Nations' report says the worldwide total of foreign investment grew by nearly 40% last year to more than 600 billion dollars. The report by the UN Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD says most of it took place between developed countries as big companies took one another over.3. The United States House of Representatives has approved a cut in income tax rates, the first part of a package of tax cutting measures put forward by President Bush. The income tax reductions will amount to nearly 1 trillion dollars over ten years.4. The world's largest maker of computer chips, Intel, has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products. Intel said it expected its revenue in the first quarter of this year to fall by a quarter than the same period last year. The California-based company plans to reduce its 85,000-strong work force by 5,000.5. The European Union has imposed further restrictions on the movement of live-stock after a case of foot-and-mouth disease wasconfirmed in France. The United States and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of all animal produce from EU countries. B1.Foreign exchange rates:1 dollar = 1.733 German marks= .9 Japanese yen1 pound =1.624 dollarsShare IndexDow Jones (up to) 6,783 (+45)London’s 100 (up to) 4,390 (+20)Nikkie closed2. Share Index:Dow Jones 10,116 (+96)Standrd and Poor’s 500 1,254 (+6)NASDAQ: (-1.5%)3. Share Index:Dow Jones 8,094 ( - 66 )NASDAQ 1,662 (- 3 )FT100 ( -36 )CAC Quarante ( -33, -1% )DAX ( -1% )4. Most active stocks:London's 100 Share Index ended 20 higher at 4,390. In Tokyo, the Nikkei Share Index is closed for a holiday.2. The Dow Jones Industrial Average closed up 96 points at 10,116. The Standard and Poor's 500 Index gained 6 points to close at 1,254. But the NASDAQ Index lost 1.5% as high technology and Internet stocks were battered.3. Right now the Dow is down another 66 points at 8,094; the NASDAQ Composite down 3 points at 1,662. Turning to Europe's major markets: London stocks were hit by a wave of profit taking after five straight record closes; the FT 100 Index down 36 points; Paris seeing losses as well, the CAC quarante down 33 points or 1%; and Frankfurt's DAX also fell 1% after briefly moving into record territory.4. The Hang Seng Index closed down 89 points at 3,521. The turnover was 7.71 billion dollars. Now look at the ten most active stocks. Cable and Wireless HKT up 45 cents, HSBC holdings down 50 cents, Hutchison down 50 cents, Shanglongkai Property up $2.25, and China Telecom down $1.50, Chang Kong up 25 cents, Pacific Century Cyberworlds down 10 cents, CCT Telecom down 27.5 cents, New World Cyberspace down 7.5 cents, and Hanong Holdings down 25 cents. The Hang Seng Index future for November and December were all down. Hong Kong gold closed at 2,670 Hong Kong dollars, and London gold is trading at 289 U.S. dollars.5. Consumer electronics maker Philips Electronics reported a lower than expected profit for last year. The company made about $2.4 billion, more than $300 million below estimates. Oil company Royal Dutch Shell posted its earnings. It made roughly a $3.6 billion profit for its fourth quarter. That was essentially in line with Street expectations. Electronic Data Systems also reported its fourth quarter numbers last night. It posted a 70-cent profit per share, two cents better than expectations.Part II News reportsASummary:This news report is about Forbes's "Super 100 Global" list.Answer the questions:1. Which of the following corporations are the top five on Forbes's list? Mark their ranks.2 Citigroup4 HSBC Banking Company-- BP-Amoco5 Daimler-Chrysler1 General Electric Corporationn Microsoft3 Bank of America2. How are the companies ranked?The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of their stock.3. How are the 100 companies distributed?46 in the United States, 54 in Europe and Japan.4. Why were none of the Internet-related firms included in the list? Because most of the Internet-related firms have little or no profits so far. Tapescripts:For the second year in a row, the General Electric Corporation is ranked number one in an annual survey of the 100 most powerful corporations in the world.The survey, compiled and published by Forbes business magazine, shows General Electric of the United States ranked number one, followed in second and third place by the U.S. banking and financials giants Citigroup and Bank of America. In fourth and fifth place are theBritish-based HSBC Banking Company and Daimler-Chrysler, the German-American auto-company. The companies are ranked with a composite formula, which includes total sales, profits, assets and market capitalization, or the total value of its (their) stock. What the magazine calls its "Super 100 Global" list are 46 companies based in the United States and 54 in Europe and Japan.Mike Ozanian, the Forbes editor who compiled the list, says there is a growing trend of international mergers and acquisitions, citing companies such as Daimler-Chrysler and BP-Amoco, theAnglo-American Oil Company. Mr. Ozanian says that despite the huge capitalizations of many Internet-related firms, none were included because most have little, if any, profits -- at least not yet.BSummary:This news report gives us a general picture of the U.S. stock market. It also presents some analysts' views on the market.Statements:1. The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up less than one percent, to 10,546.2. An analyst said that sales growth at Intel could be stronger than expected.3. Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales because of the Thanksgiving holiday shopping season.4. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9% in October, their second monthly decline.5. According to investment strategist Alan Skrainka, this is a very good entry point for a long-term investor to get into the market. Tapescript:U.S. stock prices were mixed on Monday, with the "blue-chips" in a rally mode. But volume was only moderate after a holiday-shortened week last week, showing lingering uncertainty among investors.The Dow Jones Industrial Average went up 75 points, less than one percent, to 10,546. The S & P 500 Index gained 7 points. But the NASDAQ Composite backed off an early rally, taking a loss of almost one percent on weakness in selected technology stocks.The Dow Industrials actually got a boost from their technology components. Shares of Intel traded higher after an analyst said sales growth at the leading computer chip-maker could be stronger than expected. Microsoft stock also edged higher.Retail stocks gained on stronger-than-expected sales over the Thanksgiving weekend, as the holiday shopping season got underway. However, analysts caution the retail picture is still clouded because many stores offered bargains to attract shoppers. Experts worry that higher oil prices and interest rates will make this a less than merry Christmas season for U.S. merchants.The latest on the U.S. economy points to slower growth. Sales of existing homes fell a steep 3.9 percent in October, their second monthly decline. Many analysts think uncertainty over the economy makes it increasingly likely that the major stock averages will close lower for the year. But investment strategist Alan Skrainka says the longer-term looks better."No one can guess what will happen to the market over the next month. But over the long-term, we think the market looks very good. If you're a long-term investor, this is a very good entry point for getting into the market because this is what you've been waiting for. All the fear and uncertainty in the marketplace is setting us up for some very good values in the market."Part III Voice mail may cost company’s businessAJud Jessup (TakeCare HMO): …personalized…”high”…getting a recording…efficient…cost effective……individual problems….Stanley Plogue (Plogue Research): …a fourth…let out…voice mail system…given up…Sandy hale (Pacific Bell):…bottom line…costs…more efficient…customer operations…a valuable tool.B1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. T 10. T C3. Five years ago, people were wary of voic.4. TakeCare used a funny voic message in its advertisements.6. Voic decreases contact between customers and companies.实用标准文档7. The problem is not the technology, but the voic menus.Part IV Business jargonA1.…language shorthand….2.…overuse business jargon…a negative effect…3.…a low opinion…management jargon…a third…a lack of confidence…one in five …untrustworthy…cover something up.4.…an effective boss…can easily understand…of management jargon.B1. T2. T3. F4. F5. FC1.blue-sky thinking: imagine new or different ways of doing things2.get our ducks in a row: have everything arranged efficiently3.brain dump: tell everything you know about a particular subject4.think outside the box: be creative in how you think about problems5.the helicopter view: an overview6. a heads up: a warning7.that’s a real no-brainer: that’s simple文案大全。

Step_by_step_3000_第二册-_Unit3-答案

Unit 2 All can succeedPart I-A1. in your imaginationthink into the future, possibilities, a positive way, the starting point2. expect to winfulfill the vision3. opportunityrecognize, grab, a risk takerPart I - B1. organizational skills2. results oriented3. open-minded4. in the decision process5. parental and citizen6. innovation and excellence7. the develpment8. Cooperation9. students needs10. ideas and plans11. high quality performance12. directly and clearly13. continuous professional development14. their background or position15. a consensus builder16. leardship skills17. your bond, trustworthy18. the position19. personal integrity20. work well with othersPart I- CEscaped poverty, master's degree, worst slums, overwhelming odds, English universityProspectus leaflet, discarded, set his heart, violent, crime-ridden, 13, principal breadwinner, drugs, beaten, attacked, came close, overdose, gaining a place, a visa, had doubts, genuine student, be rewardedPart II - AA1mum, bringing up 3 childrenphysical disabilities, physical difficulty of arthritis, hold her backa headmistressan actor energy, self-publicistA2F T F FTape script:Speaker 1I think my mum's very successful because she's managed to bring up three children - excellently - in such a horrible society that we live in today. She's taught us to be kind and loving, she taught us to share, she taught us to love our family - be very family-oriented- and I think that's really important.Speaker 2The person that I can think of within my life, well, I probably can think of several but the one that instantly came to mind when you popped this question to me was somebody who lives in Harpenden and who has overcome physical difficulty of arthritis remarkably well, and not allowed it to hold her back any more than is obviously necessary because of her physical disabilities. So I think she's made a very good - a great success of overcoming a difficulty.Speaker 3I think, Mable Davies, here who's very successful. She's a deaf lady who's now the headmistress and I think that must have been hard, so I've got a lot of respect for her, because my parents are also deaf so I know how difficult it is to work your way up having a handicap, so I've got quite a lot admiration to her.Speaker 4I think in professional terms Kenneth Branagh, the actor, has been very successful and I think the reason for this more than anything else is that he's a very good self-publicist. He is undoubtedly a very good actor. I've not seen him on stage, I've seen him on film and he's got an enormous amount of energy and as I say, he's a very good self-publicist.A2Statements:1. According to the first speaker, the most important thing that mum taught her children is to love the family.2. When the second speaker was interviewed, the successful person that immediately came to her mind was the one with arthritis.3. The third speaker has a lot of respect for Mable Davies because she herself is a deaf.4. The fourth speaker thinks that the actor has got an enormous amount of energy as he saw him on stage and on film.Part II- B1subordinate positions, serious responsibility, threshold, broom, sweeping out, salutary branch, future partner, try his hand, sweepersobtain employment, aim high, rest content, thoughts, concerns, at the topprime condition, energy, thought, captital, on that line, the mostscattered their captial, brains, all wrong, watch that basket, take notice, fail, breaks, on his head, apt to tumble, lack of concentrationPart II- B2Part III - B1Joyous, warm, lovingManifest anger vent anger on somebodyDump angerTape scriptSpeaker 1I actually very rarely get anger. I've quite a long tether when it comes to anger, which doesn't mean, I really don't believe I'm suppressing any anger at all, but it manifest itself in a very sarcastic way with me. Like if for example, if I'm buying a railway ticket or something and the guy behind the counter is very surly and you now refuses to treat me like a human being, I won't get angry with him but I'll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks. And that for me severs its purpose. I do feel cleansed after a situation like that. Of course I do sometimes, if it's absolutely necessary I do get very angry, if I'm taken that far. But I certainly don't suppress any anger.Speaker 2Well, my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights. I mean, if I don not sleep well, I wake up in the morning, I am angry. I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody. If I sleep well, then everything is fine. I'm a joyous, warm, loving person. Sleepless nights, I'm full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon. As weak as that may sound, that's how I work. And it's terrible sort of admission to make to everybody here. If I'm looking for excuses for having woken up in a particularly bad way, in a way, anger is something that I have to get out. I do not carry it around by weeping, and like crying. I believe in dumping it.Part III - B1Punch bags with pictures of their bossLaughing at it.Tape script:A: Apparently, I don't know if this is true, but in Japan, if factory workers get a bit uptight or angry, they can go out into the gym or something which is usually attached to the factory and there are punch bags with pictures of their boss. And they can go and they can spend twenty minutes punching hell out of this punch bag. And they go back to work and they feel great.B: Oh,God yes, well, that brings us on to laughing then. That made me laugh.C:Well that's one way of dealing with anger as well, I suppose, if you can actually remove yourself from the situation and just laugh at it. I think laughter is one of the most wonderful releases, and I think that it's actually been proved that you know that chemical that is released when you laugh is life-enhancing and life elongating too, you know. It promotes a healthy, a healthier being.Part IVClassifying and organizing ideasAbility, the facts or ideas, are related to one anotherRoman, Arabic, letters, standard form, decreasing importance, capital letters, small letters,To the left, to the right, equal, the same distance, easy to see, the ideas before and after it.No punctuationOutlining, practice.Unit 11Part ITask A8000 miles93 million miles365.25(365 1/4) days864,000 miles; more than 1 million timesaround 6000℃; over 10 million℃thermonuclear processesgives out light; reflects the rays of the sunTask B1. It was launched to fly to the International Space StationOne of Discovery’s fuel tank sensors failed a test2. It has made some of the most detailed pictures ever taken of the planet Jupiter3. They agreed to a new definition of planeteight instead of ninethe dwarf planet4. to make repairs and add new equipment5. small aircraft / very light jetThe new planes will cost up to 50% less than business jets now on the market 6. to provide electricity for science experimentsnext month7. a living room and a command center8. Pathfinder’s 30-day mission on Mars is a 100% success9. NASAat the end of September, 83 days after its landing10. to get a closer look at the most volcanic body in solar systemPart IITask A344 light years huge (like Jupiter)Task B1. F2. F3. T4. FPart IIIthe Compton Gamma Ray Observatoryfall from its orbita remote area in the Pacific Oceandeaths and injuries from the falling debris1. 9 years2. 16 metric tons3. 6 tons4. About 4000 kilometers southeast of Hawaii5. 4100 kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide6. Because one of its three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December7. It changed astronomer’s view of the heavens after showing that the entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays.。

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程-第二册-Unit3-课后题答案

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程-第二册-Unit3-课后题答案Unit 3 – n ALanguage Focus – Words in Use1.___'s unique writing style was shaped by his ___ society。

his deep love for people。

and his ___ abilities.2.The project is on the verge of collapse。

and without radical n to repair the damage。

there will be no hope for its success.3.It is common for teenagers to go through a phase where they feel ashamed of their parents。

___' standards.4.It is wise for every family to have an earthquake emergency plan and know how to evacuate the area during the ___.5.Economists study all the factors that can help them predict how much a price change will affect supply and demand in the market.6.___。

___ has implemented.1.___ and terrifying at the same time。

as it represents a ___.2.___。

captivating audiences with its ___.3.The academic world is constantly evolving。

step_by_step_3000_3英语听力入门答案及原文

Unit 3 World News: Economic DevelopmentsPart I Warming upA1. Who have been meeting in Hong Kong today to discuss the outlook for the global economy?Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries.2. What does UNCTAD say about the worldwide total of foreign investment?It grew by 40% last year to more than 600 billion dollars.3. Who has approved a cut in income tax rates?The United States House of Representatives.4. Who has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products? IntelWhat is its plan?To reduce its workforce by 5,000.5. What decisions have been made by EU, the U.S. and Canada after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France?EU has imposed further restrictions on the movement of livestock.The U.S. and Canada have issued temporary bans on the import of animal produce from EU.Tapescripts:1. Central Bank governors from more than a dozen countries have beenmeeting in Hong Kong today. One subject they likely discussed is the outlook for the global economy because of the U. S. slowdown and Japan's struggling recovery. Another topic they may have discussed is how to strengthen financial markets in emerging economies in Asia and elsewhere.2. A United Nations' report says the worldwide total of foreign investment grew by nearly 40% last year to more than 600 billion dollars. The report by the UN Conference on Trade and Development, UNCTAD says most of it took place between developed countries as big companies took one another over.3. The United States House of Representatives has approved a cut in income tax rates, the first part of a package of tax cutting measures put forward by President Bush. The income tax reductions will amount to nearly 1 trillion dollars over ten years.4. The world's largest maker of computer chips, Intel, has announced job cuts after a fall in demand for its products. Intel said it expected its revenue in the first quarter of this year to fall by a quarter than the same period last year. The California-based company plans to reduce its 85,000-strong work force by 5,000.5. The European Union has imposed further restrictions on the movement of live-stock after a case of foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed in France. The United States and Canada have issuedtemporary bans on the import of all animal produce from EU countries. BForeign exchange rates:1 dollar = 1.733 German marks= 126.9 Japanese yen1 pound =1.624 dollarsShare IndexDow Jones up 6,783 (+45)London’s 100 up 4,390 (+20)Nikkie closed2. Share Index:Dow Jones up 10,116 (+96)Standrd and Poor’s 500 up 1,254 (+6)NASDAQ: down (-1.5%)3. Share Index:Dow Jones down 8,094 ( - 66 )NASDAQ down 1,662 (- 3 )FT100 down ( -36 )CAC Quarante down ( -33, -1% )DAX down ( -1% )4. Most active stocks:Cable and Wireless HKT up $ 0.45HSBC down $ 0.50Hutchison down $ 0.50Shanglongkai Property up $ 2.25China Telecom down $ 1.50Chang Kong up $ 0.25Pacific Century Cyberworlds down $ 0.10CCT Telecom down $ 0.275New World CyberBase down $ 0.075Hanong Holdings down $ 0.25Gold prices:Hong Kong gold: HK$ 2,670London gold: US $ 2895. Earnings:Philips Electronics (last year): $ 2.4 billion ($ 300 million down)Royal Dutch Shell (4th quarter): $ 3.6 billionElectronic Data Systems (4th quarter): $ 0.70 per share ( $ 0.02 up)Tapescripts:1. The dollar is trading at one German mark seventy-three point three and at 126.9 Japanese yen. The pound buys one dollar sixty-two point four. In New York, the Dow Share Index closed 45 higher at 6,783. EarlierLondon's 100 Share Index ended 20 higher at 4,390. In Tokyo, the Nikkei Share Index is closed for a holiday.2. The Dow Jones Industrial Average closed up 96 points at 10,116. The Standard and Poor's 500 Index gained 6 points to close at 1,254. But the NASDAQ Index lost 1.5% as high technology and Internet stocks were battered.3. Right now the Dow is down another 66 points at 8,094; the NASDAQ Composite down 3 points at 1,662. Turning to Europe's major markets: London stocks were hit by a wave of profit taking after five straight record closes; the FT 100 Index down 36 points; Paris seeing losses as well, the CAC quarante down 33 points or 1%; and Frankfurt's DAX also fell 1% after briefly moving into record territory.4. The Hang Seng Index closed down 89 points at 3,521. The turnover was 7.71 billion dollars. Now look at the ten most active stocks. Cable and Wireless HKT up 45 cents, HSBC holdings down 50 cents, Hutchison down 50 cents, Shanglongkai Property up $2.25, and China Telecom down $1.50, Chang Kong up 25 cents, Pacific Century Cyberworlds down 10 cents, CCT Telecom down 27.5 cents, New World Cyberspace down 7.5 cents, and Hanong Holdings down 25 cents. The Hang Seng Index future for November and December were all down. Hong Kong gold closed at 2,670 Hong Kong dollars, and London gold is trading at 289 U.S. dollars.5. Consumer electronics maker Philips Electronics reported a lower than expected profit for last year. The company made about $2.4 billion, more than $300 million below estimates. Oil company Royal Dutch Shell posted its earnings. It made roughly a $3.6 billion profit for its fourth quarter. That was essentially in line with Street expectations. Electronic Data Systems also reported its fourth quarter numbers last night. It posted a 70-cent profit per share, two cents better than expectations. Part III Voice mail may cost company’s businessAJud Jessup (TakeCare HMO): …personalized service…”high service”…getting a recording…efficient…cost effective……individual problems….Stanley Plogue (Plogue Research): …a fourth…let out…voice mail system…given up…Sandy hale (Pacific Bell):… bottom line…costs…more efficient…customer service operations…a valuable tool.B1. T2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. T 10. T C3. Five years ago, people were wary of voice-mail.4. TakeCare used a funny voice-mail message in its advertisements.6. Voice-mail decreases contact between customers and companies.7. The problem is not the technology, but the voice-mail menus.Part IV Business jargonA…language shorthand….…overuse business jargon…a negative effect……a low opinion…management jargon…a third…a lack of confidence…one in five …untrustworthy…cover something up.…an effective boss…can easily understand…management jargon.B1. T2. T3. F4. F5. FCblue-sky thinking: imagine new or different ways of doing thingsget our ducks in a row: have everything arranged efficientlybrain dump: tell everything you know about a particular subjectthink outside the box: be creative in how you think about problemsthe helicopter view: an overviewa heads up: a warningthat’s a real no-brainer: that’s simpleUnit 4 World News: Up in SpacePart I Warming upA1. To Mars / March of next year.2. Because of a mechanical problem.3. 5 males and 2 females.4. NASA / At the end of September, 83 days after landing.5. To return home at the Kennedy Space Center after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope.BMir Facts15 yearsthe Soviet Union, now Russia$ 4.2 billion (for building and maintaining)10 years (1986 — 1996)135 tons9,900 cubic feet63 feet wide and 85 feet long104 cosmonauts, astronauts46438 days747 days, threeMar. 23rd,Unit 5 New Explorations in Food and MedicineA1a successful brain tissue transplant carried out by a South African surgeon.The discovery of a new way to increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy.The possibility of a new way to treat glaucoma.a new research on writing which shows that writing can result in clinically meaningful outcomes.a new research on writing which shows that writing can help people with chronic illness improve their health.the theory and function of acupuncture.A2a week ago / Parkinson’s disease.a natural defense mechanismthe death of brain cellsmeeting patients’ psychological needs produces physical health benefits. side effects / cut back on medication.The world’s leading transplant surgeon, Dr Christopher Bernard, has carried out one of the most difficult brain tissue transplants yet attempted. The South African surgeon has succeeded in transplanting tissues into the human brain in what is thought to be the first operation of its kind. The surgery was performed a week ago on a patient sufferingfrom Parkinson’s disease. A portion of the patient’s adrenal gland was implanted into a part of the patient’s brain, an operation which has previously been performed only on rats and monkeys. Approximately a third of all people develop cancer at one point in their lives. Chemotherapy has its limitations, but it is one of the major treatment options. Some American scientists have discovered they can increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy by inhibiting a natural defense mechanism employed by cancer cells.Glaucoma is responsible for blindness in an estimated 67 million people around the world. Until now, treatments have focused exclusively on the eyes. But that may change in the next few year, following the discovery that glaucoma involves the death of brain cells.New research shows that the simple act of writing down thoughts about a stressful event can help people with chronic illnesses improve their health. This is the first study to show that writing can result in clinically meaningful outcomes for chronically-ill patients. The study adds to the growing amount of scientific literature suggesting that meeting patient’s psychological needs produces physical health benefits.Traditional Chinese medicine says that good health is associated with the balance of Qi. Qi can be hindered or helped by yang and yin. According to traditional theory, the goal of acupuncture is to promote the flow of qi by keeping yin and yang in balance ---- and this is done by insertingneedles at various points along primary channels and meridians that crisscross the body. One of the key benefits of acupuncture is that it has few, if any, side-effects; and that when used with standard drug treatment --- in anesthesia, for example --- it allows physicians to cut back on medication, delivering the same level of benefit with fewer negative effects/Bgene / instructions / characteristic / DNA / inserts / another / organism / genetically modified organism / genetic engineeringartificial fertilizers / pest control / food / farming / artificial fertilizers / halfGenetic material / unrelated / another species / animal /plant / going acrossanimals / cows, goats and pigs / genetically changed / pharmaceutical drugs / farmingNovel / 1797-1851/ scientist / subhuman / destroying / creation that ends up destroying the creator.Unit 6Part I Warming upA1.1. This news item is about a kind of new bulletproof vest made of silk.2. This news item is about research done by American and Japanese researchers to predict severe weather in and around the Indian Ocean.3. This news item is about a chess match between a world champion and the rest of the world on the Internet.4. This news item is about the significance of the discovery of the structure of DNA.5. This news item is about NEC's new robot that talks and understands orders.A21. While silk threads may be soft, they can be used to produce a stronger yarn than copper threads.2. American and Japanese researchers have discovered a strong connection between extreme weather and conditions in the ocean.3. Visitors to the site have 24 hours to vote on their counter move helped by a team of young chess experts who will suggest strategies.4. Understanding its code has helped to unlock the mechanics of inherited disease, as well as beneficial biological traits such as intelligence and body strength.5. The robot from NEC can record and send video mail through the Internet and switch on TVs, VCRs and air conditioners.Tapescript.1. Thai silk is known for its beauty and elegance. But a research team has found a new use for it. A bulletproof vest made of silk was put to the test at a shooting range in Thailand. After several rounds of gunfire, the vest was examined. The bullets were stuck in the first layer of fifteen pieces of silk. A member of the research team says while silk threads may be soft, they can be used to produce a stronger yarn than copper threads, the material used in regular bulletproof vests.2. American and Japanese researchers say they are a step closer to predicting severe weather in and around the Indian Ocean. Researchers have analyzed weather data from the region over the past 40 years and they've discovered a strong connection between extreme weather and conditions in the ocean. A BBC science correspondent says the findings could make it easier to predict droughts or, indeed, periods of heavy rainfall.3. The world chess champion Garry Kasparov began a match against the rest of the world on the Internet. Kasparov made his first move with a meter-high pawn before an audience of chess fans at a park in New York. The move was immediately posted on a special website set up by the Microsoft corporation. Visitors to the site have 24 hours to vote on their counter move helped by a team of young chess experts who will suggest strategies.4. Few scientific advances of this or any millennium can rival insignificance the discovery of the structure of DNA, the basic molecule of life. Knowledge of the structure of DNA helps explains many things, including genetic mutation and , through it, evolution. Understanding its code has helped to unlock the mechanics of inherited disease, as well as beneficial biological traits such as intelligence and body strength. The discovery of the DNA molecule also paved the way for many of today’s cutting-edge sciences, including genetic engineering, a controversial branch of knowledge that raises new ethical and moral questions that are certain to be with us far into the next millennium.5. Some say it's hard to find good help these days, but a Japanese electronics firm thinks it's found the answer. It's a robot that talks and understands orders. The robot from NEC can record and send video mail through the Internet and switch on TVs and VCRs. And if it's becoming a bit warm for you, one simple command and the robot will switch on the air conditioner.B.2. lightning patronizingX rays EnthusiasticLaser BoredYeast Friendly / intimateFriction Loudly but neutralRecycling PatientlyTapescript:1 .... Yes, you see, it's the force of attraction between any two objects. The strength of the force depends on the mass of the objects and the distance between them. Er... the most obvious effect is the way objects on the surface of the earth are attracted towards the center of the earth...2 .... as it comes down it goes relatively slowly 100 to 1,000 miles per hour and you can't see it, but the return stroke goes up from the earth to the cloud and it goes at over 87,000 miles per hour and that's the one you can see, you see, the one that goes back up. It's really just a very large, powerful spark. The distance in miles you are away from it is the time in seconds between it and the sound you hear...3 .... Well, they were first discovered in 1895 and they can penetrate matter that is opaque to light. Some matter is more transparent to them than others, which means you can see inside somebody. They are actually quite dangerous and people who work with them wear special protective clothing...4 .... ordinary light consists of electromagnetic waves of different frequencies and phase(s). This is a bundle of waves of the same frequency and phase. You can create the beams from a ruby rod or a tube of carbon dioxide that's stimulated with flashes of ordinary light. The word is an acronym for light amplification by the stimulatedemission of radiation. Now, does anybody ...5 .... they're all types of fungus. There are many different kinds of them but the best known are the ones used in cooking and brewing. When they're mixed with sugar they cause the sugar to ferment and two things happen: first carbon dioxide is given off and second alcohol is formed, but when the proportion reaches 12%, it's all killed off naturally...6 .... in contact with each other, there's a resistance to movement between them. The main reason why we use ball bearings and lubricating oil is to counteract this; the main reason why rubber is used in tires and shoes is to increase the effect of it ...7 .... No, it's the process whereby materials are used again. Normally, it is cheaper to do this because it's more energy-efficient. On the other hand, one material that's hard to deal with in this way is plastic -- there are so many types that it's very difficult to separate ...Part IIA:identify, catalog, map and analyze / 100,000A: a piece of DNA, the basic molecule of lifeB: on chromosomes / in every cell / alternately colored rungsC: produce chemical instructions / build & run the human body.III: SignificanceA: cure or preventB: desirable genetic traitsC: the brain, consciousness and the mindD: a scientific descriptionIV Controversiesabuse2. warfare听力原文：The goal of the human genome project initiated in the early 1990s is to identify, catalog, map and analyze every one of the estimated 100,000 genes in the human body. If the multi-billion-dollar project is successful, its effects may be as fundamental to the human future as the discovery of fire and seed agriculture once were.To understand the significance of the human genome project, it is necessary to know that each gene is a piece of DNA, the basic molecule of life. Genes are located on chromosomes that in turn reside in every cell in arrangements similar to the alternately colored rungs on a ladder. The sequence of genetic rungs produces the chemical instructions the cells need in order to build and run the human body. By identifying the location and makeup of each gene, the genome project should help scientists cure orUnit 7 Communications (I)Part I Warming upA.Tapescript:1. And British papers report the latest trend when you meet someone ina bar is to get their number, go home, and google them. Yes that gorgeous girl or guy you met the other night is probably patrolling a search engine right now to check you out. So don't even think of tryingto tell them you're a famous footballer or brain surgeon or television presenter.2. The jamming, earlier this month, of several popular Internet sites witha flood of crippling messages sent a wakeup call to those involved with electronic or e-commerce. One recent suggestion is to form anindustry-wide group to share information about security issues.High-tech executives want to make a coordinated effort to ensure that the Internet becomes a safe place to conduct business.3. Now home to some 800 million pages--a figure that's doubling each year- searching the Internet can be like looking for a needle in a haystack. But Oslo-based Fast Search& Transfer (FAST) has developed a search engine (www. alltheweb, com) capable of scanning more than 200 million pages. FAST is working on a mega-search engine that searches "all the web, all the time."4. This week, the Intel corporation held its semi-annual Developer Forumin Palm Springs, California. The gathering draws more than 2,000 hardware and software developers from around the world. Intel executives opened the event with a demonstration of a high-speed chip, code-named "Williamette." The chip, designed to power personal computers, has a speed of one point five gigahertz, making it almost twice as fast as Intel's popular Pentium III chip which runs at 800 megahertz.5. An online VCR seems like a bright idea but it's been quickly rendered non-functional by the copyright lawyers. Not for the first time, the Hollywood studios objected to re-transmitting network television shows, in this case for users to watch via the web. Programs were being made available for visitors to save remotely or record for subsequent viewing via Windows Media Player.Part II New Ways to communicateA1When a friend is online1.6milion3,000you can only contact someone (on the same network as you. ) using the same programLaugh out loud.A2online / popular / take off / signing up / by / make upobvious / disadvantage / bright / voice conversations / swap / funnyWhen you meet someone for the first time，do you ask their ASL? Do you LOL if they come out with something funny, and say CU L8er when you finish the conversation? If you know what I’m talking about, then you are probably already a user of instant messaging, or IM.The idea behind IM is simple. A program on your computer tells you when a friend is online. You can then send a message to your friend, who can type a reply instantly. To do this, you need an IM program. Worldwide, AIM, the instant messaging service provided by AOL, is by far the most popular. It has 195 million users who send about 1.6 billion messages every day. ICQ, which is owned by AOL, has about 140 million messengers, and MSN and Windows IM make up about 75 million users. The advantage over e-mail is that with instant messaging you know you’re likely to get a reply. IM is already hugely popular in the USA, where people spend five times more time online than in Europe. However, IM is starting to take off in the UK, with over 3,000 people signing up to MSN Messenger alone every day.While the plus points of IM are obvious, there is one very important disadvantage: you can only contact someone on the same network asyou. If your friend is using AIM, and you are using MSN, you cannot talk to each other. This makes IM less useful than it should be. Imagine if you couldn’t send an e-mail form hotmail to yahoo. However, things look like they’ll change soon.In general, the future looks bright for IM. Lots of programs also allow you to have voice conversations, video conferencing ---- this means you can see the other person using a webcam ---- and also let you swap pictures, music and other files.So, perhaps we’ll all soon be asking someone’s age, sex and location (ASL), and laughing out loud (LOL) when they say something funny. See you later (CU L8er).B:1. FFTTFHow do you meet new people, make new friends, or find out about the latest bands? Here in the UK young people have traditionally done their socializing in bars, pubs and clubs.However there is a new generation growing up that finds it easier to manage their social lives on the net, using free websites like MySpace, Bebo or MSN Spaces.Welcome to the social networking website ---- a place where you can present yourself to the digital community and meet other like-mindedpeople.The most successful social networking website in the UK is . as of July 2006, MySpace is the world’s fourth most popular English-language website, attracting almost 3 million visitors per month. Myspace claims to have 95 million members with 500,000 new members joining the community each week.So how has it become to successful? Perhaps its secret is in its simplicity. Each new member can build their own page simply --- uploading photos, videos and MP3 files. Then they describe themselves, listing their likes, dislikes, favorite bands, relationship status, etc. it’s an easy way to hook up with people who share your interest.Briana Dougherty, a 25-year-old MySpace devotee, told us, “It’s a casual way to stay in contact without appearing weird. ”it seems that many people do not feel comfortable giving out their phone number or personal e-mail address to new acquaintances but are perfectly happy to trade MySpace profilesWhile socializing is the key to MySpace’s success, love of music is at the heart of the community. Indeed, most aspiring musicians in the UK upload their songs to the site, and with good reason: unsigned artists, Arctic Monkeys and Lilly Allen created such a buzz on the site that they were offered recording contracts and scored number one hits.Social network sites could be a great place to practice your English.Why not give it a try? You can tell us about your experience by filing in the new comments form at the top of the screen.Statements:Most young people in the UK make new friends at work.Yahoo and Google are social networking sites.MySpace is one of the top five English-language websites.New bands put their music on the web for people to listen to.Users of social networks usually pay for the service.Unit 8 ArchitecturePart I Warming upA.Tapescript:For hundreds of years, it has been an imperial capital of Europe. Its rulers raided the Western world to enrich the coffers of the empire. They spent their wealth on magnificent palaces and grand public buildings. They built an opera house that rivals any in Europe. They founded great museums and libraries. They constructed massive, ornate government buildings. And they raised opulent palaces for themselves. A tour of Vienna is a tour of these monuments to excess.Take Schonbrunn Palace, for instance. The Palace's Million Room, namedafter the cost of the decorations -- 1 million guilders, is a Rococo masterpiece. Inset in the paneling are 260 rare miniatures ofIndo-Persian heritage. The frames are real gold leaf, and the paneling is precious wood.The Great Gallery, modeled after a room in Versailles near Paris, has 35-foot ceilings graced with giant frescoes（壁画）boasting of the power of the Austrian army. Massive crystal chandeliers reflect in the wall of mirrors, trimmed in gold leaf.The list of other sights to see in Vienna is long. St. Stephen's Cathedral dominates the skyline of Old Town, the medieval section of the city. Its main spire soars 450 feet into the sky, and the top can be reached by climbing 343 steps. The cathedral' was begun in the 12th century.In the catacombs（陵墓）beneath the cathedral are copper urns（骨灰坛）containing the intestines of deceased Habsburgs. Their bodies are in ornate caskets（棺材）in the Imperial Burial Vaults in the Kapuziner Church a few blocks away, and can be visited.The Old Town is a fascinating place to walk. Most of the narrow streets have been turned into pedestrian malls lined with shops, coffeehouses and restaurants. In one section, the original Roman ruins under the streets can be seen by going to an underground museum.The Natural History Museum and the Museum of Fine Arts occupy matching buildings on Maria Theresa Plaza, a small square across fromthe Hofburg. Hofburg is the Habsburg’s in-town palace. It is big, with2,600 rooms, but not ornate. Hofburg is a jumble of buildings constructed at different times and in different styles, from Baroque, Gothic and Classical to Renaissance and Rococo. Its oldest parts date from the 13th century, but most were built from the 1700s on.B1.The Palais du Louvre:Location: heart of ParisBeginning year of construction: 1527Time when first used as a public art gallery: 1793The Louvre Pyramid:Designer: Ieoh Ming PeiUse: the main entrance to the Palais du LouvreHeight: 21mWidth: 33mMaterials: steel tubes, cables, sheet glassYear of completion: 1988Tapescript:The Palais du Louvre stands at the heart of Paris, and houses one of the world's greatest collections of works of art. The original palace dates。

step_by_step_3000第二册12单元答案

step by step 3000第二册12单元答案Item oneJudith Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation. Her findings haven’t been published in a medical journal, only in her book.She says children of divorce are more likely to abuse drugs, and that 40 percent of them avoid marriage themselves. When they do marry, fail at nearly twice the usual rate.Wallerstein’s families divorced a generation ago. Times have changed and with them the attitude toward divorce and the attention to divorce’s innocent victims.“In our parents’ generation people who got divorced didn’t talk about it, they were embarrassed by it.”Programs like Kid’s Turn try to mitigate some of the effects of divorce with family counseling. So the next generation more aware of the trauma may be better equipped to handle it.Item twoMondays are generally seen as the worst day of the week because people feel grumpy and tired at having to go back to work after a weekend with a different sleep pattern.However, it’s not all bad! Many people feel optimistic at this time, that things can only get better. Psychologists offer suggestions of how to combat feels blue. These include spending 15 minutes doing “gratitude exercises” thinking about and writing down what you are grateful for, such as health, family, friends and so on.Taking up a new hobby, doing some exercise, going to bed earlier, eating a healthy breakfast, and listening to some uplifting music, are all recommended as ways to feel more cheerful.Item threeWe are not born with courage, but neither are we born with fear. Maybe some of your fears are brought on by your own experiences, by what someone has told you, or by what you’ve read in the papers. Fears, even the most basic ones, can totally destroy our ambitions. Fears candestroy fortunes. Fears can destroy relationships. Fears, if left unchecked, can destroy our lives. Do battle with the enemy. Do battle with your fears, Build your courage it fight what’s holding you back, what’s keeping you from your goals and dreams. Be courageous in your life and in your pursuit of the things you want and the person you want to become.Item fourCollege graduation brings both the satisfaction of academic achievement and the expectation of a well-paying job. But for 6,000 graduates at San Jose State this year, there’s uncertainly as they enter one of the worst job markets in decades. Ryan Stewart has a freshly minted degree in religious studies, but no job prospects.When the class of 2003 entered college the future never looked brighter. But in the four years they’ve been here, the world outside these gates has changed dramatically.Ryan Stewart may just end up going back to school. “I’d like to teach college some day and that requires going to more school, which would be great in a bad economy.”To some students a degree may not be the ticket to instant wealth. For now, they can only hope that its value will increase over time.Item fiveOn February 28th, 2003, the Vietnam-France Hospital in Hanoi asked Carlo Urbani for help. The Italian doctor was an expert on communicable diseases. He was bases in Vietnam for the World Health Organization.The hospital asked Doctor Urbani to help identify an unusual infection. He recognized it as a new threat. He made sure other hospitals increased their infection-control measures.On March 11th, Doctor Urbani developed signs of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Four days later, the World Health Organization declared it a worldwide health threat.Carlo Urbani was the first doctor to warn the world of the disease that became known as SARS. He died of it on March 29th, 2003. He was 46 years old.Item sixLance Armstrong was born on September 18, 1971. Athletic the start, Lance a professional athlete by the age of 16. Lance entered his first Tour de France in 1995. Unfortunately, in October of 1996, everything changed. Lance was diagnosed with testicular cancer. With chances ofrecovery less than 50%, Lance began a course of treatment that would include two surgeries and chemotherapy. Remarkably, though, just five months after his initial diagnoses, Lance was back on a bike rebuilding the strength he had lost. Lance went on to fully recover and, amazingly, win the Tour de France a record seven times since his bout with cancer. He is a beacon of hope and a source of inspiration.。

Step-By-Step-3000-第二册--Unit5-答案

Step-By-Step-3000-第二册--Unit5-答案Unit 5 Creative MindsPart I-AGasoline automobile, German, engineer, 1885Barometer, Italian, physicist & mathematician, 1643Polaroid camera, America, inventor & industrialist, 1947Pendulum clock, Dutch, mathematician & physicistDiesel engine, German, engineer, 1892Dynamite, Swedish, chemist, 1866Kaleidoscope, British, physicist & natural philosopher, 1817Piano, Italian, harpsichord maker, 1709Sewing machine, American, inventor, 1846Typewriter, American, inventor, 1867Tapescript:1.The gasoline automobile was invented by Gottlieb Daimler, the German engineer, in 1885 His construction of the first high-speed internal-combustion engine led to the development of the automobile industry.2.The barometer, the instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure, was invented by Evangelista Torricelli, the Italian physicist and mathematician, in 1643.3.The polarod camera, which takes and prints photos in one step, was invented in 1947 by the American inventor and industrialist Edwin Herbert Land.4.The pendulum clock was invented by the Dutch mathematician and physicist Christiaan Huygens in 1657.5.The diesel engine, which is heavier and more powerful than the gasoline engine and which burns fuel of oil instead of gasoline, was named after its inventor Rudolph Diesel, the German engineer in 1892.6.Dynamite, the improved explosives with great safety, was invented in 1866 by the Swedish chemist Alfred Bernhard Nobel. He established a fund to provide annual awards called Nobel Prizes, in the sciences, literature, and the promotion of international peace.7.He kaleidoscope was invented in 1817 by Sir David Brewster, the Scottish physicist and natural philosoper.8.The piano, a key-board musical instrument, was invented in 1709 by the Italian harpsichord maker, Bartolomeo Cristofori.9.The sewing machine, which greatly revolutionized clothes-making, was invented by Elias Howe, an American inventor in 1846.10.The typewriter, its first practical commercial model, was invented in 1867 by the American inventor Christopher Sholes and was manufactured by the American gunsmith Philo Reminton 1874.Part I – B1- a 2- d 3- e 4- i 5- f1.2."If every father did the family washing next Monday, there would be an electric washing machine in every home by Saturday night. "3.Oh, baby, what a convenience1 Procter & Bamble's Pampers, born in 1961, were first used only for special occasions. Now the 95% of American parents who buy disposable diapers will spend up to $2,100 a child to avoid washing diapers.4.Zippers were invented in 1913 by Swedish immigrant Gideon Sundback at Universal Fastener Co. in Pennsylvania. B.F. Goodrich first used the word to refer to a fastener on a pair of its galoshes; it as not used in clothes until 1930s. By 1941 zippers beat the pants off buttons in the Battle of the Fly.5.Johnson&Johnson sold $3,000 worth of handmade Band-Aids in 1921, the year it introduced them. A company cotton buyer, Earle Dickson, had created them at home for his accident-prone wife. He then convinced his boss that the strips had merit.6.Otto Wichterle, a Czech scientist, created the first soft contact lens in 1961. Bausch & Lomb bought the right s to his process for a reported $3 million in 1966.Part II - A1395, type, movable typePoland, astronomy, the sun, its center once1564, telescope, circlingEngland, moves1642, calculus, light and color, gravitation.Part II- B1.Printing / faster / easier2.Earth / center of universe/ no move3.Cut open dead animals and humans4.Blood to body/ arteries; blood to heart / veins5.The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy / in 1687Tape ScriptToday, we tell about the discoveries of ten important scientists of the past 1,000 years.The earliest of these important scientists was Johannes Gutenberg. He lived in Germany from about 1395 until about 1468. Johannes Gutenberg invented the type mould and the first successful system of movable type used in Europe. This made printing books faster and easier. Johannes and others used his invention to produce books in the City of Mainz during the 1400s. The system he invented remained unchanged for 350 years.Nicolaus Copernicus was another important scientist. He is considered thefounder of the modern science of astronomy, the study of the planets and stars in the universe. Nicoluas Copernicus was born in Poland in 1473. At that time, most scientists accepted the idea that the earth was at the center of the universe and did not move. The Greek astronomer Ptolemy had developed this idea more than 1,000 years earlier. Ptolemy also said that all the other objects in space moved around the earth. Copernicus believed that every planet, including the earth, moved around the sun. He also believed these theories in 1543. These theories were not accepted in his lifetime. But by the early 1600s, other scientists began to develop the method that would prove Copernicus correct.One of these scientists was Galileo Galilei. He was born in Italy in 1564. Galileo was the first to use the telescope to discover new information about the planet and stars. He decided that the theory hat all planets circled the sun was correct. The Roman Catholic Church condemned Galileo for saying Copernicus was right. For centuries, the Church had taught that the sun, the planets and the stars moved around the earth. Three hundred and fifty passed before the Roman Catholic Church admitted officially that it was wrong and withdrew its condemnation of Galileo.Our fourth scientist of the millennium is William Harvey. He was born in England in 1578. He discovered how blood moves in animals and people. Dr Harvey described this in 1628 in the book An Anatomical Study of the Motion of the Heart and of the Blood in Animals, This work was the start of all modern research on the hart and blood vessels. Dr Harvey based his discoveries on observations and by cutting open dead animals and humans. Dr Harvey's experiments showed that the heart forces blood through the arteries to the body. He showed that the blood returns to the heart through the veins. His idea conflicted with the widely accepted ideas of the time. It has been called one of the most important medical discoveries of the millennium.Isaac Newton was another influential scientists of the past 1,000 year. Many experts say he was the most important scientist of them all. He was born in England in 1642. Isaas Newton invented a new kind of mathematics called calculus. He discovered the secrets of light and color and his theory of gravitation showed how the universe is held together. Isaac Newton published his discoveries on the laws of motion and the theory of gravitation in 1687 in his book The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. It was the first book to describe a unified system of scientific rules explaining what happens on earth and in the universe. It is considered one of the greatest works in the history of science.Part III - A1809, evolutionFrance, a. Pasteurization, b. Germ, c.vaccination, disease1847, a.motion, b. recording, c. electric light, d. Telephone, e. Machine, electricity, f.motorsAustria, a. Dreams, unconscious self, b. Modern psychiatry. C.sexual development1879, relativity, E=mc2Part III - BT. 1. Charles Darwin thought that all living things developed from simple organisms.F. 2. Darwins's ideas were strongly opposed by many religious people in the past. But now people are all in favor of them.T. 3. Louis Pasteur believed that it is tiny organisms that spread more diseases T. 4. Thomas Edison considered the motion pictures his most important invention.T. 5. Albert Einstein's most famous theory is about time, space, mass, movement and gravity.T. 6. Albert Einstein's most famous theory led to the discovery of atomic energy. Tape scriptCharles Darwin was another important scientist of the past 1,000 years. He was born in England in 1809. In 1859, he published a book called On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. He explained his ideas that all living things developed from simple organisms. He said these organisms changed during millions of years to produce different kinds of plants and animals, including humans. This is known as the theory of evolution. Charles Darwin's studies showed that some animals and plants have natural abilities that help them survive. They pass these abilities to their young when they reproduce. Other plants and animals that are less able to survive and reproduce may disappear. Charles Darwin's theories provided new ideas about the developments of living things. However, they shocked many religious people. Many people today still strongly oppose the theory of evolution because it conflicts with their religious beliefs.Our next important scientist of the past 1,000 years is Louis Pasteur. His discoveries saved many lives. Louis Pasteur was born in 1822 in France. He became a professor of chemistry. He discovered that heat could kill harmful microorganism. Soon this Pasteurization method was used to keep many foods and drinks safe. He also helped us establish the germ theory when he recognized that most diseases are spread by tiny organisms that reproduce in the body. Louis Pasteur also proved that an animal can develop a resistance to a harmful organism if the organism is weekend in a laboratory and injected into the animal's body. He called this method of preventing disease vaccination. He developed vaccines to prevent deadly diseases in animals and people.The inventor Thomas Edison was another influential scientist. He was born in the United States in 1847. His work made possible the progress of technology in the 20th century. Almost everyone has been affected by the inventions of Thomas Edison. These include the motion pictures, sound recording, and electric light. They are only three of the many devices Thomas Edison invented or helped to improve. H e also invented devices to improve the telephone. He improved machines that produced electricity. And he worked on many electric motors, including those for trains. Thomas Edison once said the electric light was the most difficult to develop. He also called it his most important invention.Our next scientist of the millennium is the Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud. He changed scientific ideas about the mind. Dr Freud was born in 1856 in Moravia. He established the idea that dreams help us understand our unconscious self. He said this is the part of the mind containing wishes, desires, or bad experiences too frightening to recognize. Sigmund Freud's work on the causes and treatment of mental sickness helped to form the ideas of modern psychiatry. His ideas about sexual development led to the discussion and treatment of sexual problems. Many of Sigmund Freud's ideas are no longer used today, but no one disputes his great influence on the science of mental health.Our final scientist of the past 1,000 years is Albert Einstein. He changed the way we understand the universe. The great scientist was born in Germany in 1879. In 1905, Albert Einstein published one of the most important scientific documents in history. It explained his special theory of relativity. This theory is about the ideas we use to describe natural events. It is about time, space, mass, movement and gravity. Albert Einstein is perhaps best known for his mathematical statement E=MC2 or energy equals mass times the speed of light squared. This statement explained that a great amount of energy could come from a small piece of matter. It explained how the sun could give off heat and light for millions of years. It also led to the discovery of atomic energy. Albert Einstein's theories, like those of the other great scientists of the millennium changed our world.Part IVControl, sort, on the page, working out, a whole section, fail,in a position, repeat,Vocabulary, stop, its context, barrier, miss, lost,Determination, go, rephrase, a half-missed point, the gap, purpose, key words, main points,ahead of, incompleteness。

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Unit 3 All can succeedPart I-A1. in your imaginationthink into the future, possibilities, a positive way, the starting point2. expect to winfulfill the vision3. opportunityrecognize, grab, a risk takerPart I - B1. organizational skills2. results oriented3. open-minded4. in the decision process5. parental and citizen6. innovation and excellence7. the develpment8. Cooperation9. students needs10. ideas and plans11. high quality performance12. directly and clearly13. continuous professional development14. their background or position15. a consensus builder16. leardship skills17. your bond, trustworthy18. the position19. personal integrity20. work well with othersPart I- CEscaped poverty, master's degree, worst slums, overwhelming odds, English universityProspectus leaflet, discarded, set his heart, violent, crime-ridden, 13, principal breadwinner, drugs, beaten, attacked, came close, overdose, gaining a place, a visa, had doubts, genuine student, be rewardedPart II - AA1mum, bringing up 3 childrenphysical disabilities, physical difficulty of arthritis, hold her backa headmistressan actor energy, self-publicistA2F T F FTape script:Speaker 1I think my mum's very successful because she's managed to bring up three children - excellently - in such a horrible society that we live in today. She's taught us to be kind and loving, she taught us to share, she taught us to love our family - be very family-oriented- and I think that's really important.Speaker 2The person that I can think of within my life, well, I probably can think of several but the one that instantly came to mind when you popped this question to me was somebody who lives in Harpenden and who has overcome physical difficulty of arthritis remarkably well, and not allowed it to hold her back any more than is obviously necessary because of her physical disabilities. So I think she's made a very good - a great success of overcoming a difficulty.Speaker 3I think, Mable Davies, here who's very successful. She's a deaf lady who's now the headmistress and I think that must have been hard, so I've got a lot of respect for her, because my parents are also deaf so I know how difficult it is to work your way up having a handicap, so I've got quite a lot admiration to her.Speaker 4I think in professional terms Kenneth Branagh, the actor, has been very successful and I think the reason for this more than anything else is that he's a very good self-publicist. He is undoubtedly a very good actor. I've not seen him on stage, I've seen him on film and he's got an enormous amount of energy and as I say, he's a very good self-publicist.A2Statements:1.According to the first speaker, the most important thing that mum taught her children is to love the family.2.When the second speaker was interviewed, the successful person that immediately came to her mind was the one with arthritis.3.The third speaker has a lot of respect for Mable Davies because she herself is a deaf.4.The fourth speaker thinks that the actor has got an enormous amount of energy as he saw him on stage and on film.Part II- B1subordinate positions, serious responsibility, threshold, broom, sweeping out, salutary branch, future partner, try his hand, sweepersobtain employment, aim high, rest content, thoughts, concerns, at the topprime condition, energy, thought, captital, on that line, the mostscattered their captial, brains, all wrong, watch that basket, take notice, fail, breaks, on his head, apt to tumble, lack of concentrationPart II- B2Part III - B1Joyous, warm, lovingManifest anger vent anger on somebodyDump angerTape scriptSpeaker 1I actually very rarely get anger. I've quite a long tether when it comes to anger, which doesn't mean, I really don't believe I'm suppressing any anger at all, but it manifest itself in a very sarcastic way with me. Like if for example, if I'm buying a railway ticket or something and the guy behind the counter is very surly and you now refuses to treat me like a human being, I won't get angry with him but I'll get very sarcastic with him and try to make very very clever remarks. And that for me severs its purpose. I do feel cleansed after a situation like that. Of course I do sometimes, if it's absolutely necessary I do get very angry, if I'm taken that far. But I certainly don't suppress any anger.Speaker 2Well, my anger is tied up with my sleepless nights. I mean, if I don not sleep well, I wake up in the morning, I am angry. I use any excuse to vent my anger on anybody. If I sleep well, then everything is fine. I'm a joyous, warm, loving person. Sleepless nights, I'm full of anger and my anger does not ebb away unless I use a thing or somebody to vent it upon. As weak as that may sound, that's how I work. And it's terrible sort of admission to make to everybody here. If I'm looking for excuses for having woken up in a particularly bad way, in a way, anger is something that I have to get out. I do not carry it around by weeping, and like crying. I believe in dumping it. Part III - B1Punch bags with pictures of their bossLaughing at it.Tape script:A: Apparently, I don't know if this is true, but in Japan, if factory workers get a bit uptight or angry, they can go out into the gym or something which is usually attached to the factory and there are punch bags with pictures of their boss. And they can go and they can spend twenty minutes punching hell out of this punch bag. And they go back to work and they feel great.B: Oh,God yes, well, that brings us on to laughing then. That made me laugh.C:Well that's one way of dealing with anger as well, I suppose, if you can actually remove yourself from the situation and just laugh at it. I think laughter is one of the most wonderful releases, and I think that it's actually been proved that you know that chemical that is released when you laugh is life-enhancing and life elongating too, you know. It promotes a healthy, a healthier being.Part IVClassifying and organizing ideasAbility, the facts or ideas, are related to one anotherRoman, Arabic, letters, standard form, decreasing importance, capital letters, small letters,To the left, to the right, equal, the same distance, easy to see, the ideas before and after it.No punctuationOutlining, practice.。