新编英语语法教程第11讲
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18. 泰晤士河流经伦敦。 A: Thames River flows through London. 19. 我通常投民主党的票,而我的室友几乎总是投共和 党的票。 A: I usually vote for a Democrat, while my roommate always votes
for a Republican.
8.滚石不生苔. A: A rolling stone gathers no moss. 9.熟能生巧. A: Practice makes perfect. 10. 谁笑在最后,谁笑得最好. A: One who laughs last laughs best. 11. 好心有好报. A: One good turn deserves another. 12. 这种液体一加上阿摩尼亚就变为橙色。 A: When the liquid is added with amonia, it changes orange. 13. 我想知道你可否把你的汽车借我一用. A: I wondered wether you could lend me your car?
• 11.2 一般过去时的用法
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1) 表示过去时间,通常已成为过去,现在不存在 They had a baby last year. Did you see him yesterday? His father was an English teacher all his life. 2) 表示现在时间和将来时间 A) 委婉语气,want, wonder, think, hope I wondered if you could give me some help. B) 固定句型 It’s time… It’s time you went to bed. I wish… I wish you lived closer to us.
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Exercise 11A 1. 滴水穿石。 A: Patience wears out stones. 2. 骄必败。 A:Pride goes before a fall. 3。事实胜于雄辩。 A: Facts speak louder than words. 4。一燕不成夏。 A: One swallow doesn’t make a summer. 5。长江流入东海。 A:Changjiang flows into the East China Sea.
14. 我听说老亨利昨晚死了. A: I heard that Old Henry died last night. 15.这台录音机很容易操作.瞧着我怎么做:先接通电流,揿 这个按钮,机器就开动了. A: This tape recorder is easy to operate. Look :I switch it on, press
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6.月球上没有水。 A: There is no water on the moon. 7. 夏威夷气候从来不冷. A: It is never cold in Hawaii. 8. 在巴黎,五月份天气并非总是美好;有时多雨。 A: In Paris, the weather is not always nice; it rains a lot sometimes. 9. 他间或出错,但不是时常出错. A: He makes mistakes occasionally, but not often. 10. 他从来不做家庭作业,但在班上学习很好. A: He never does any homework, but he studies well in the
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I’d rather… I’d rather you went now. C) 主从关系,要求从句使用过去时态 I didn’t know you were here. 11.3 现在进行体的用法 1) 表示说话时正在进行的动作. Hurry up! We’re all waiting for you. 2) 表示现阶段一直在进行的动作 Jane is studying law while her sister is doing physics. 3) 表示按计划安排近期内即将发生的动作 He is arriving.
• My father doesn’t smoke. • He always sleeps with his windows open.
• 此法常与频度副词连用。如:always, ever, frequently, hardly ever, never ,occasionally, often,rarely, seldom, sometimes, usually等。
began the class.
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
5.我多么希望你也在这里和我们在一起. A: How I wish you were here with us. 6.Jane 告诉我,你明年即将进大学. A: Jane told me you were going into the college. 7.罗马建成非一日之功. A: Rome was not built in a day.
20. 使人人遭殃的风才恶风. A: It is the ill wind that blows nobody good.
Ecercise 11C 1. 上星期他每天来看我。 A: He came to see me every day last week.
2. 现在是冬天,我们通常七点半钟吃早饭. A: It is winter now, and we usually have breakfast at half past seven. 3. 你现在穿的这双鞋买了多久了? A: How long ago did you buy the shoes you are wearing? 4. 老教授走进教室,打开书本便开始讲课. A: The old professor came into the classroom, opened the book and
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4)表示将来时间 A)主将从现 I hope you have a good time. I bet it rains tomorrow. B) 既定事实 Tomorrow is Sunday.
• 5) 表示过去时间 • 能用一般现在表示过去的动词有tell, say, hear, learn, gather 等. • Alice tells me you’re entering college next year.
• • • • • 3)表示现时状态和现在瞬间动作 A) 静态动词 I think… I like… B) 实况报导 Harper passes the ball to Jennings; Jennings shoots and the goal keeper leaps for it but –yes, it’s a goal. • C) 专门或日常用语 • I wish… I say…
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4) 现在进行体的其他用法 A) 表示刚过去的动作 You don’t believe it? I’m telling the truth. B) 婉转的语气 I’m hoping you’ll give us some advice.
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11.4 过去进行体的用法 1) 表示过去某时正在进行的动作 What were you doing yesterday at seven p.m? The students were still laughing when the teacher stepped in. • 2) 表示过去某种习惯性动作
this buttom, and it works.
• George was getting up at five every day that week. • 也可与always, constantly, continually, for ever 等连用 表示感情色彩 • My brother was always losing his keys. • 3)表示过去将来时间里的动作,也常出现在主句为过 去的从句当中 • They were leaving a few days later. • He told me to wake him up if he was sleeping. • 4) 表示现在时间和将来时间里的动作 • A) 委婉的语气 • I was wondering if you’d like to come out with me. • B) 主观臆想
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I wish they were not talking so loudly. 5) 过去进行体与一般过去时的比较 A) 前者表示未完成,后者表示已完成 I was reading a novel yesterday. I read a novel yesterday B) 前者表示动作持续,后者则无此意,仅陈述事实 It was raining all night. It rained all night. C)两者在时间上有差异 When we arrived, she was making some fresh coffee.(到 时正在煮) • When we arrived, she made some fresh coffee.(到了才 煮)
• 附特殊用法: • A) 表达某种情绪 • I happen to drop in on her once and you make such an issue of it. • B) 死者言论著作,仍有影响 • Darwin believes that natural selection is the chief factor in the development. • C) 不强调时间 • No one is born an actor.
class. • 11. 我们的公司并非总是高额赢利. • A: Our company does not always make high profits.
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12. 母亲通常不在早晨喝咖啡. A: My Mum usually doesn’t have coffee in the morning. 13. 她几乎从严不在午夜之前就寝. A: She hardly ever goes to bed before mid-night. 14. Arizona州首府凤凰城( Phoenix) 天气很干燥;几 乎不下雨。 A: Phoenix, the captital of Arizona, is dry and it hardly rains. 15. 星期日我父母很少去做礼拜. A: My parents seldom go to church on Sunday. 16. 地球围绕太阳转. A: The Earth moves around the Sun. 17. 印度位于中国迤南. A: India lies to the south of China.
第11讲
动词的时和体 (一)
11.1 一般现在时的用法
• 1)表示不受时限的客观存在(包括客观真理,格言, 科学事实等) • A rolling stone gathers no moss. • Knowledge is power. • Time and tide wait for no man. • 2)表示现在习惯动作