2000真题
2000年全国卷高考化学真题及答案
2000年全国卷高考化学真题及答案本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，第Ⅰ卷1至4页，第Ⅱ卷5至9页，共150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题共83分）注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，不能答在试题卷上。
3．考试结束，监考人将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
可能用到的原子量： H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16一．选择题（本题包括5小题，每小题3分，共15分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
）1．导致下列现象的主要原因与排放SO2有关的是A．酸雨 B．光化学烟雾C．臭氧空洞D．温室效应2．久置于空气中的下列物质，因被氧化而呈黄色的是A．浓硝酸 B．氧化亚铁溶液 C．溴苯D．溴化银3．下列广告用语在科学性上没有错误的是A．这种饮料中不含任何化学物质B．这种蒸馏水绝对纯净，其中不含任何离子C．这种口服液含丰富的氮、磷、锌等微量元素D．没有水就没有生命4．石墨炸弹爆炸时能在方圆几百米范围内撒下大量石墨纤维，造成输电线、电厂设备损坏。
这是由于石墨A．有放射性B．易燃、易爆 C．能导电 D．有剧毒5．用于制造隐形飞机物质具有吸收微波的功能，其主要成分的结构如图，它属于A ．无机物B ．烃C ．高分子化合物D ．有机物 二．选择题（本题包括8小题，每小题4分，共32分。
每小题有一个或两个选项符合题意。
若正确答案只包括一个选项，多选时，该题为0分；若正确答案包括两个选项，只选一个且正确的给2分，选两个且都正确的给4分，但只要选错一个，该小题就为0分。
）6．C 136-NMR （核磁共振）可以用于含碳化合物的结构分析。
C 136表示的碳原子A ．核外有13个电子，其中4个能参与成键B ．核内有6个质子，核外有7个电子C ．质量数为13，原子序数为6，核内有7个质子D ．质量数为13，原子序数为6，核内有7个中子7．下列块状金属在常温时能全部溶于足量浓HNO 3的是A ．AgB ．CuC ．A1D ．Fe8．向下列溶液中通入过量CO 2，最终出现浑浊的是A ．氢氧化钙饱和溶液B ．苯酚钠饱和溶液C ．醋酸钠饱和溶液D ．氯化钙饱和溶液9．下列每组物质发生状态变化所克服的微粒间的相互作用属于同类型的是A ．食盐和蔗糖熔化B ．钠和硫熔化C ．碘和干冰升华D ．二氧化硅和氧化钠熔化10．室温下，在pH=12的某溶液中，由水电离的[OH －]为A ．1.0×10－7mol ·L －1B ．1.0×10－6mol ·L －1C ．1.0×10－6mol ·L －1D ．1.0×10－12mol ·L －111．下列关于稀有气体的叙述不正确的是A ．原子的最外电子层都有8个电子B ．其原子与同周期IA 、IIA 族阳离子具有相同的核外电子排布C ．化学性质非常不活泼D ．原子半径比同周期ⅦA 族元素原子的大 HC HC S S C=C S S CH CH12．下列反应的离子方程式书写正确的是A．向饱和碳酸氢钙溶液中加入饱和氢氧化钙溶液Ca2+＋HCO3－+OH－=CaCO3↓＋H2OB．金属铝溶于氢氧化钠溶液Al+2OH－=AlO2－＋H2↑C．用氢氧化钠溶液吸收二氧化碳2OH－+CO2＝CO32－＋H2OD． Fe2(SO4)3的酸性溶液中通入足量硫化氢Fe3＋＋H2S＝Fe2＋＋S↓＋2H＋13．在一密闭容器中，反应 aA（气） bB（气）达平衡后，保持温度不变，将容器体积增加一倍，当达到新的平衡时，B的浓度是原来的60%，则A．平衡向正反应方向移动了B．物质A的转化率减少了C．物质B的质量分数增加了D．a>b三．选择题（本题包括9小题，每小题4分，共36分。
2000数学四--考研数学真题详解
一、填空题
∫ （1） arcsin x dx = ____________.
x
【答】 2 x arcsin x + 2 1 − x + C
【详解】令 t = x .，则 dt = 1 dx, dx = 2tdt 故 2x
∫
arcsin x
【答】 a 2 (a − 2n )
⎡ 1 0 −1⎤
【详解 1】
因为
A = αα T
=
⎢ ⎢
0
0
0
⎥ ⎥
,
αα
T
=
2，
⎢⎣−1 0 1 ⎥⎦
故有 An = αα T ⋅αα T ⋅ αα T
= α (α Tα )n−1α T = 2n−1 A,
故有 aE − An = aE − 2n−1 A
a − 2n−1 0 2n−1 = 0 a 0 = a2(a − 2n )
b→+∞ 1 e(e2 + e2x ) e b→+∞ 2
1
= e−2 (π − π ) = π e−2. 24 4
五 、（本题满分 8 分） 假设某企业在两个相互分割的市场上出手同一种产品，两个市场的需求函数分别是
p1 = 18 − 2Q1 ， p3 = 12 − 2Q2 ，其中 p1, p2 分别表示该产品在两个市场的价格（单位： 万元/顿），Q1和Q2 分别表示改产品在两个市场的销售量（即需求量，单位：顿），并且该企 业生产这种产品的总成本函数是 C = 2Q + 5 ，其中 Q 表示该产品在两个市场的销售总量，
bx
)
3 x
3 ln ax +bx
2000年10月全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考数学考试真题
2000年10月全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考数学试题一、问题求解：第1～15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，上将所选项的字母涂黑。
只有一个选项符合试题要求。
请在答题卡．．．1.某单位有男职工420人,男职工人数是女职工人数的113倍,工龄20年以上者占全体职工人数的20%,工龄10~20年者是工龄10年以下者人数的一半,工龄在10年以下者人数是（）（A）250人（B）275人（C）392人（D）401人2.甲乙两机床4小时共生产某种零件360个,现在两台机床同时生产这种零件,在相同时间内,甲机床生产了1225个,乙机床生产了1025个,甲机床每小时生产零件（）（A）49个（B）50个（C）51个（D）52个3.车间工会为职工买来足球、排球和篮球共94个.按人数平均每3人一只足球,每4人一只排球,每5人一只篮球,该车间共有职工（）（A）110人（B）115人（C）120人（D）125人4.菜园里的白菜获得丰收,当收获38时,装满4筐还多24斤,其余部分收完后刚好又装满了8筐,菜园人共收了白菜( )（A）381斤（B）382斤（C）383斤（D）384斤5.已知aa,bb,cc是△AAAAAA的三条边长,并且aa=cc=1,若(bb−xx)2−4(aa−xx)(cc−xx)=0有相同实根,则△AAAAAA为（）（A）等边三角形（B）等腰三角形（C）直角三角形（D）钝角三角形6.已知等差数列{aa n}的公差不为0,但是第三、四、七项构成等比数列,则aa2+aa6aa3+aa7为( ) （A）35（B）23（C）34（D）457.已知−2xx2+5xx+cc≥0的解为−12≤xx≤3,则cc为（）（A）13（B）3 （C）−13（D）-38.三位教师分配到6个班级任教,若其中一人教一个班,一人教两个班,一人教三个班,则共有分配方法（）（A）720种（B）360种（C）120种（D）60种9.某剧院正在上演一部新歌剧,前座票价为50元,中座票价为35元,后座票价为20元,如果购到任何一种票是等可能的,现任意购买到2张票,则其值不超过70元的概率是（）（A）13（B）12（C）35（D）2310.11×2+12×3+13×4+⋯+199×100=（）（A）99100（B）100101（C）99101（D）9710011.一抛物线以yy轴为对称轴,且过点（-1,12）及原点,一直线ll过点（1,52）和点（0,32）则直线ll被抛物线截得的线段的长度为（）（A）4√2（B）3√2（C）4√3（D）3√312.某人将5个环一一投向一木桩,直到有一个套中为止,若每次套中的概率为0.1,则至少剩下一个环未投的概率为（）（A）1−0.94（B）1−0.93（C）1−0.95（D）1−0.1×0.941-5 CACDA 6-10 ABBDA 11-12 AA。
2000专四真题参考答案
参考答案：PART ⅠWRITINGSECTION A［参考范文］The Importance of Extracurricular ActivitiesDear Editor,People have different ideas about how students should spend their school days. Some believe that students should spend the whole day on academic studies. Others believe that extracurricular activities should be a required part of every school day. I think both ways have their advantages. But I prefer the latter.As a student, our main task is to concentrate on our academic study. We have to attend classes, reading books and doing assignments. Only by working hard can we learn our courses well. But I don’t think we should spend every hour and minute on academic study. A proverb says, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” Without good health and strong body, how can we improve our study efficiency and make great achievements in our academic study? Besides, spending the whole day on academic study may make us exhausted and weak. We should find other meaningful things to do besides studying. For example, doing extracurricular activities can make students’ life more colorful and beneficial. There are various forms of exercise. My favorite one is football. I play football with my classmates for one hour every afternoon. After a day’s hard work, how nice it is to stretch my arms and legs! By playing football I’ve got both joy and strength. I always looken ergetic.Actually doing extracurricular activities doesn’t disturb our study if we make full use of our time. Instead it does help us study more efficiently. We can be good at learning as well as extracurricular activities. So I suggest that students do extracurricular activities along with their academic studies.SECTION B［参考范文］Dear George,I have read on the notice board that the university is looking for a part-time library assistance who can work at weekends. I think you are the suitable person for this vacancy, for you are free at weekends and it pays well, yet the job is not difficult. It is also a good chance to improve yourself. So you shouldgo for an interview.Yours完型填空短文大意：这篇文章介绍了气体与液体的特性及相关理论。
2000考研数一真题答案及详细解析
一、填空题
(1)【答案】
4
【详解】 I 1 2x x2 dx 1 1 (x 1)2 dx
0Байду номын сангаас
0
解法 1：用换元积分法：设 x 1 sin t ，当 x 0 时，sin t 1，所以下限取 ；当 x 1 2
时， sin t 0 ，所以上限取 0 .
f
(x,
y,
z)dS
若f (x, y, z)关于y为奇函数 若f (x, y, z)关于y为偶函数
其中 S1 S {y 0} .
性质 3：设 f (x, y, z) 在分块光滑曲面 S 上连续， S 关于 xoy 平面对称，则
0
S
f
(x,
y,
z)dS
2
S1
f
(x,
y,
z)dS
若f (x, y, z)关于z为奇函数 若f (x, y, z)关于z为偶函数
性无关知， r 1,, m r 1,, m m, 因此 1,, m 线性无关，充分性成立；当m
= 1时，考虑1 (1, 0)T , 1 (0,1)T 均线性无关，但1 与 1 并不是等价的，必要性不成立.
(D) 剩下(D)为正确选项. 事实上，矩阵 A 1,, m 与矩阵 B 1,, m 等价 ⇔ r A =r B ⇔ r 1,, m r 1,, m m, 因此是向量组 1,, m 线性无关的充要
1
lim
x0
2 1
ex
4
ex
sin x
x
1.
四【详解】根据复合函数的求导公式，有
z x
f1 ' y
f
(完整版)2000年英语真题
2000年英语真题Section I： Structure and Vocabulary （20 points）Part A (5 points）1. ［A］2。
[B]3。
[D]4. ［A]5。
［C]6。
［C]7. ［A］8. [B］9. [D]10。
[C］Part B （5 points)11。
[A]12. [D]13. ［C］14. ［D]15. [C］16。
[D］17。
[B]18。
[A]19。
[B]20. ［D]Part C （5 points)21。
[B]22. ［D]23。
［C]24。
［A]25。
［D］26。
［A]27。
[C]28. [D]29。
［A］30. [B]31。
[B］32。
[A]33。
[B］34。
[D]35. [C］36. ［A］37. ［A]38. ［D]39。
[B］40. [C]Part II: Cloze Test (10 points)41. ［C]42。
[A]43. [B］44. ［A］45。
[C]46。
[D］47。
［B]48. ［D］49. [C]50。
［D］Section III： Reading Comprehension （40 points）51。
［C]52。
［D]53。
［B]54. ［A]55。
［C]56. [B]57. ［A]58. [D]59. ［B]60。
［A]61。
［C］62. [D]63. [B]64。
[D］65。
[C]66. ［A]67。
［A］68。
[C］69. ［D］70. [B］Section IV： English-Chinese Translation （15 points)71。
在现代条件下,这需要程度不同的中央控制，从而就需要获得诸如经济学和运筹学等领域专家的协助。
72.再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关，而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。
73.大众通讯的显著发展使各地的人们不断感到有新的需求，不断接触到新的习俗的思想，由于上述原因，政府常常得推出更多的革新.74。
2000年考研真题及详解
哲学
博士、硕士
2
金融工程
0202Z1 0202
应用经济学
博士、硕士
3
能源经济学
0202Z2 0202
应用经济学
博士、硕士
4
国际金融学
0202Z4 0202
应用经济学
博士、硕士
5
知识产权法学
0301Z1 0301
法学
博士、硕士
6
国防教育学
0401Z1 0401
教育学
博士、硕士
7
对外汉语教学
0501Z1 0501 中国语言文学
系统工程 模式识别与智能系统 导航、制导与控制
建筑历史与理论
4
授权级别 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士
硕士 硕士 硕士 硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士、硕士 博士 硕士 博士 硕士 硕士 硕士
化学
博士、硕士
14
海洋物理
0707Z1 0707
海洋科学
博士、硕士
15
海洋生物技术
0707Z2 0707
海洋科学
博士、硕士
16 电气检测技术及仪器 0804Z1 0804 仪器科学与技术 博士、硕士
17 软物质与功能材料 0805Z1 0805 材料科学与工程 博士、硕士
18
核工程与材料
0805Z2 0805 材料科学与工程 博士、硕士
24
财务学
1202Z1 1202
工商管理
博士、硕士
2000真题及答案
2000年临床执业医师考试真题及答案（第一单元）A1型选择题（1-111题）答题说明每一道考试题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。
请从中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。
1．右侧胸锁乳突肌收缩时A．头向左侧倾斜，面转向左侧B．头向右侧倾斜，面转向左侧C．头向右侧倾斜，面转向右侧D．头向左侧倾斜，面转向右侧E．头后仰，面转向右侧2．下述结构中靠近食管胸部右侧的是A．上腔静脉B．奇静脉弓C．主动脉弓D．胸导管E．左心房3．关于胸膜腔的概念，正确的是A．胸膜腔即胸腔B．左、右胸膜腔互相交通C．肺位于胸膜腔内D．胸膜腔由脏胸膜与壁胸膜围成E．胸膜腔内含有大量浆液4．肾蒂主要结构的排列关系，由前向后依次为A．肾静脉、肾动脉和肾盂B．肾静脉、肾盂和肾动脉C．肾动脉、肾静脉和肾盂D．肾动脉、肾盂和肾静脉E．肾盂、肾动脉和肾静脉5．左心室流入道和流出道的分界标志是A．左房室瓣（二尖瓣）后瓣B．左房室瓣（二尖瓣）前瓣C．主动脉瓣D．室上嵴E．肺动脉瓣6．脑膜中动脉穿过的孔裂是A．圆孔B．卵圆孔C．棘孔D．枕骨大孔E．破裂孔7．既是淋巴器官，又有内分泌功能的是A．淋巴结B．扁桃体C．胸腺D．胰E．脾8．某病人因外伤致使脊髓腰1节段右侧半横断，损伤平面以下会出现A．右侧痛温觉丧失B．右侧粗触觉丧失C．左侧本体感觉丧失D．右侧本体感觉丧失E．左侧肢体随意运动丧失9．位于延髓内的脑神经核是A．滑车神经核D．三叉神经运动核C．面神经核D．展神经核E．疑核10．内囊出血所致的对侧肢体运动障碍（偏瘫），主要是损伤了A．皮质脊髓束B．皮质红核束C．顶枕颞桥束D．皮质核束E．额桥束11．Na+离子通过离子通道的跨膜转运过程属于A．单纯扩散B．易化扩散C．主动转运D．出胞作用E．人胞作用12．神经细胞动作电位的幅度接近于A．钾平衡电位B．钠平衡电位C．静息电位绝对值与局部电位之和D．静息电位绝对值与钠平衡电位之差E．静息电位绝对值与钠平衡电位之和13．神经-骨骼肌接头处的化学递质是A．乙酰胆碱B．去甲肾上腺素C．肾上腺素D．5-羟色胺E．神经肽14．形成血浆胶体渗透压的主要物质是A．NaClB．白蛋白C．球蛋白D．纤维蛋白E．血红蛋白15．下列属于等张溶液的是A．0．85％NaClB．0．85％葡萄糖C．1．9％尿素D．5％NaCIE．10％葡萄糖16．AB血型人的红细胞膜上和血清中分别含A．A凝集原和抗A、抗B凝集素B．B凝集原和抗B凝集素C．A凝集原和抗B凝集素D．B凝集原和抗A凝集素E．A、B凝集原，不含抗A、抗B凝集素17．在心动周期中，心室内压力上升最快的阶段是A．快速射血期B．等容收缩期C．缓慢射血期D．等容舒张期E．快速充盈期18．心输出量是指A．每搏输出量B．左、右心室输出的总血液量C．每分钟左心室所泵出的血量D．心房进入心室的血量E．每分钟两心房进人心室的血量19．心肌不产生完全强直收缩是由于A．心肌是功能合胞体B．兴奋传导有房室延搁C．窦房结对潜在起搏点有抑制作用D．有效不应期特别长E．收缩期较短20．肺通气的原动力是A．胸内压的变化B．肺主动舒缩C．外界环境与肺内压力差D．呼吸肌的舒缩E．肺泡表面活性物质的作用21．正常情况下胃粘膜不会被胃液所消化，是由于A．胃液中不含有可消化胃粘膜的酶B．粘液碳酸氢盐屏障的作用C．胃液中的内因子对胃粘膜具有保护作用D．胃液中的糖蛋白可中和胃酸E．胃液中含有大量HCO3-可中和胃酸22．胆汁可促进A．钙、铁的吸收B．蛋白质消化C．糖的吸收D．维生素A的吸收E．维生素B12的吸收23．食物的氧热价是指A．1g食物氧化时所释放的能量B．1g食物燃烧时所释放的能量C．食物氧化消耗1升氧时所释放的能量D．氧化1g食物，消耗1升氧时所释放的能量E．1g食物所含的能量24．给兔静脉注射50％葡萄糖5ml后，尿量增多的主要原因是A．血浆胶体渗透压降低B．肾小球毛细血管血压增高C．小管液溶质浓度增加D．血浆晶体渗透压增高E．血容量增多25．可促进醛固酮的分泌增多的因素是A．血糖浓度增高B．血Ca2+浓度降低C．血K+浓度增高D．循环血量增多E．血Na+浓度增高26．突触前抑制是由于突触前膜A．产生超极化B．释放抑制性递质C．递质耗竭D．兴奋性递质释放减少E．产生抑制性突触后电位27．丘脑非特异性投射系统A．投射至皮层特定区域，具有点对点关系B．投射至皮层，产生特定感觉C．投射至皮层广泛区域，提高皮层的兴奋性D．被切断时，动物保持清醒状态E．受刺激时，动物处于昏睡状态28．帕金森病患者出现震颤麻痹是由于A．前庭小脑神经元病变所致B．红核神经元病变所致C．纹状体神经元病变所致D．多巴胺神经递质系统功能受损E．乙酰胆碱递质系统功能受损29．副交感神经的作用是A．瞳孔扩大B．糖原分解增加C．逼尿肌收缩D．骨骼肌血管舒张E．消化道括约肌收缩30．对脑和长骨的发育最为重要的激素是A．生长素B．甲状腺激素C．雄激素D．雌激素E．甲状旁腺激素31．糖皮质激素A．促进葡萄糖的利用D．减少红细胞和淋巴细胞的数目C．脂肪的分解D．促进肌肉组织蛋白质分解E．降低机体抗伤害刺激的能力32．男性腺分泌的激素A．肽类激素B．氨基酸C．糖蛋白D．儿茶酚胺E．类固醇33．维系蛋白质分子一级结构的化学键是A．离子键B．肽建C．二硫键D．氢键E．疏水键34．DNA碱基组成的规律是A．[A]=[C]；[T]=[G]D．[A]+[T]=[C]+[G]C．[A]=[T]；[C]=[G]D．（[A]+[T]）/（[C]+[G]）=1E．[A]=[G]；[T]=[C]35．变性蛋白质的主要特点是A．不易被蛋白酶水解B．分子量降低C．溶解性增加D．生物学活性丧失E．共价键被破坏36．反密码子UAG识别的mRNA上的密码子是A．GTCB．ATCC．AUCD．CUAE．CTA37．Km值是指反应速度为1/2Vmax时的A．酶浓度B．底物浓度C．抑制剂浓度D．激活剂浓度E．产物浓度38．下列含有核黄素的辅酶是A．FMNB．HS-CoAC．NAD+D．NADP+E．CoQ39．1mol丙酮酸在线粒体内彻底氧化生成ATP的mol数量是A．12B．15C．18D．21E．2440．下列氨基酸中能转化生成儿茶酚胺的是A．天冬氨酸B．色氨酸C．酪氨酸D．脯氨酸E．蛋氨酸41．生命活动中能量的直接供体是A．三磷酸腺苷D．脂肪酸C．氨基酸D．磷酸肌酸E．葡萄糖42．体内脂肪大量动员时，肝内生成的乙酰辅酶A主要生成A．葡萄糖B．二氧化碳和水C．胆固醇D．酮体E．草酰乙酸43．脂肪酸合成的原料乙酰CoA从线粒体转移至胞液的途径是A．三羧酸循环B．乳酸循环C．糖醛酸循环D．柠檬酸—丙酮酸循环E．丙氨酸—葡萄糖循环44．能激活血浆中LCAT的载脂蛋白是A．apoAIB．apoAⅡC．apoBD．apoCE．apoD45．下列氨基酸在体内可以转化为γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的是A．谷氨酸B．天冬氨酸C．苏氨酸D．色氨酸E．蛋氨酸46．DNA分子上能被RNA聚合酶特异结合的部位叫作A．外显子B．增强子C．密码子D．终止子E．启动子47．核酸对紫外线的最大吸收峰是A．220nmB．240nmC．260nmD．280nmE．300nm48．紫外线对DNA的损伤主要是引起A．碱基缺失B．碱基插入C．碱基置换D．嘧啶二聚体形成E．磷酸二酯键断裂49．tRNA分子上3‘-端序列的功能是A．辨认mRNA上的密码子B．剪接修饰作用C．辨认与核糖体结合的组分D．提供-OH基与氨基酸结合E．提供-OH基与糖类结合50．下列具有受体酪氨酸蛋白激酶活性的是A．甲状腺素受体B．雌激素受体C．乙酰胆碱受体D．表皮生长因子受体E．肾上腺素受体51．逆转录的遗传信息流向是A．DNA→DNAB．DNA→RNAC．RNA→DNAD．RNA→蛋白质E．RNA→RNA52．限制性内切酶的作用是A．特异切开单链DNAB．特异切开双链DNAC．连接断开的单链DNAD．切开变性的DNAE．切开错配的DNA53．HE染色切片中，发现肝细胞体积变大，胞浆淡染呈空泡状。
2000年真题试卷(word版)
2000年全真试题Part ⅠClose TestDirections：For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)①If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. ②He must store a large quantity of grain 1 consuming all his grain immediately. ③He can continue to support himself and his family 2 he produces a surplus.④He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 3 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 4 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 5 the soil. ⑤He may also need money to construct irrigation 6 and improve his farm in other ways. ⑥If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 7 . ⑦He must either sell some of his property or 8 extra funds in the form of loans. ⑧Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 9 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 10 obtainable. ［139 words］1.［A］other than ［B］as well as ［C］instead of ［D］more than2.［A］only if ［B］much as ［C］long before ［D］ever since3.［A］for ［B］against ［C］of ［D］towards4.［A］replace ［B］purchase ［C］supplement ［D］dispose5.［A］enhance ［B］mix ［C］feed ［D］raise6.［A］vessels ［B］routes ［C］paths ［D］channels7.［A］self-confident ［B］self-sufficient［C］self-satisfied ［D］self-restrained8.［A］search ［B］save ［C］offer ［D］seek9.［A］proportion ［B］percentage ［C］rate ［D］ratio10.［A］genuinely ［B］obviously ［C］presumably ［D］frequentlyPart ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Passage 1①A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force. ②When the United States entered just such a glowingperiod after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale. ③Its scientists were the world s best; its workers the most skilled. ④(11)America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.①It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. ②Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. ③By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. ④Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. ⑤By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. ⑥(Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea’s LG Electronics in July.) ⑦（12）Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America’s machine-tool industry was on the ropes. ⑧For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.①All of this caused a crisis of confidence. ②Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. ③They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. ④The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America’s industrial decline. ⑤Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.①How things have changed! ②In 1995 the United States can look back on five years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. ③（14）Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. ④Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. ⑤“American industry has changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted,”according to Richard Cavanaugh, executive dean of Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government. ⑥“It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our businesses are improving their productivity,”says Stephen Moore of the Cato Institute, a think-tank in Washington, DC. ⑦And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on this period as “a golden age of business management in the United States.”［429 words］11. The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War II because.［A］it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal［B］its domestic market was eight times larger than before［C］the war had destroyed the economies of most potential competitors［D］the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus to its economy12. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American.［A］TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market［B］semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises［C］machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions［D］auto industry had lost part of its domestic market13. What can be inferred from the passage?［A］It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride.［B］Intense competition may contribute to economic progress.［C］The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation.［D］A long history of success may pave the way for further development.14. The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy in the 1990s can be attributed to the.［A］turning of the business cycle ［B］restructuring of industry［C］improved business management ［D］success in educationPassage 2①（15）Being a man has always been dangerous. ②There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. ③But the great universal of male mortality is being changed. ④Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girls do. ⑤This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys in those crucial years when they are searching for a mate. ⑥More important, another chance for natural selection has been removed. ⑦Fifty years ago, the chance of a baby (particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram too light or too heavy meant almost certain death. ⑧Today it makes almost no difference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone.①There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive, but have fewer children.②Few people are as fertile as in the past. ③Except in some religious communities, very few women have 15 children. ④Nowadays the number of births, like the age of death, has become average. ⑤Most of us have roughly the same number of offspring. ⑥（16）Again, differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.⑦India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. ⑧The grand mediocrity of today—everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring—means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes.For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. ②Strangely, it has involved little physical change. ③No other species fills so many places in nature. ④But in the past 100, 000 years—even the past 100 years—our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. ⑤（17）We did not evolve, because machines and society did it for us. ⑥Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they “look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.”⑦No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyond comprehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be at how far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us.［406 words］15. What used to be the danger in being a man according to the first paragraph?［A］A lack of mates. ［B］A fierce competition.［C］A lower survival rate. ［D］A defective gene.16. What does the example of India illustrate?［A］Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people.［B］Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor.［C］The middle class population is 80% smaller than that of the tribes.［D］India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate.17. The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because.［A］life has been improved by technological advance［B］the number of female babies has been declining［C］our species has reached the highest stage of evolution［D］the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing18. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?［A］Sex Ratio Changes in Human Evolution.［B］Ways of Continuing Man’s Evolution.［C］The Evolutionary Future of Nature.［D］Human Evolution Going Nowhere.Passage 3①（20）When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. ②With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.①This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. ②Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. ③（21）This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. ④We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. ⑤We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. ⑥Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.①Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. ②But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river —and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”①（22）This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. ②All the same, no thinking man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. ③The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?［334 words］19. This passage is mainly.［A］ a survey of new approaches to art［B］ a review of Futurist poetry［C］about merits of the Futurist movement［D］about laws and requirements of literature20. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to.［A］determine its purposes ［B］ignore its flaws［C］follow the new fashions ［D］accept the principles21. Futurists claim that we must.［A］increase the production of literature［B］use poetry to relieve modern stress［C］develop new modes of expression［D］avoid using adjectives and verbs22. The author believes that Futurist poetry is.［A］based on reasonable principles［B］new and acceptable to ordinary people［C］indicative of a basic change in human nature［D］more of a transient phenomenon than literaturePassage 4①（23）Aimlessness has hardly been typical of the postwar Japan whose productivity and social harmony are the envy of the United States and Europe. ②But increasingly the Japanese are seeing a decline of the traditional work-moral values. ③Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but now Japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don’t know where they should go next.①The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. ②In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. ③In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.①While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression. ②（25）“Those things that do not show up in the test scores—personality, ability, courage or humanity—are completely ignored,”says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party’s education committee. ③“Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild.”④Last year Japan experienced 2，125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. ⑤Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moral education. ⑥Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World War II had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents.”①（26）But that may have more to do with Japanese life-styles. ②“In Japan,”says educator Yoko Muro, “it’s never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure.”③With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households. ④Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell. ⑤In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the United States, has increased by more than 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.［447 words］23. In the Westerners’ eyes, the postwar Japan was.［A］under aimless development ［B］ a positive example［C］ a rival to the West ［D］on the decline24. According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for the moral decline of Japanese society?［A］Women’s participation in social activities is limited.［B］More workers are dissatisfied with their jobs.［C］Excessive emphasis has been placed on the basics.［D］The life-style has been influenced by Western values.25. Which of the following is true according to the author?［A］Japanese education is praised for helping the young climb the social ladder.［B］Japanese education is characterized by mechanical learning as well as creativity.［C］More stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity.［D］Dropping out leads to frustration against test taking.26. The change in Japanese life-style is revealed in the fact that.［A］the young are less tolerant of discomforts in life［B］the divorce rate in Japan exceeds that in the U.S.［C］the Japanese endure more than ever before［D］the Japanese appreciate their present lifePassage 5①（27）If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition—wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny—must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf. ②If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. ③（28）In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an ideal. ④What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition—if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. ⑤There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped—with the educated themselves riding on them.①Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. ②Summer homes, European travel, BMWs—the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.③（29）What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. ④Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. ⑤For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, “Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.”①The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. ②As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. ③This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. ④Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. ⑤Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life. ［431 words］27. It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if.［A］its returns well compensate for the sacrifices［B］it is rewarded with money, fame and power［C］its goals are spiritual rather than material［D］it is shared by the rich and the famous28. The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is.［A］customary of the educated to discard ambition in words［B］too late to check ambition once it has been let out［C］dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal［D］impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition29. Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because.［A］they think of it as immoral［B］their pursuits are not fame or wealth［C］ambition is not closely related to material benefits［D］they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible30. From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained.［A］secretly and vigorously ［B］openly and enthusiastically［C］easily and momentarily ［D］verbally and spirituallyPart ⅢEnglish-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. 31）Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. 32）Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or tap resources hitherto unexploited; or they may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry. In any case, all such interventions are heavily dependent on scientific advice and also scientific and technological manpower of all kinds.33）Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with the past. For example, 34）in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization—with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned. 35）Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion orproblems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect. ［390 words］Section ⅣWriting(15 points)36.Directions:A. Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay of at least 150 words.B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.C. Your essay should meet the requirements below:1）Describe the pictures.2）Deduce the purpose of the painter of the pictures.3）Suggest counter-measures.2000年英语试题答案Part ⅠCloze Test1. C2. A3. B4. A5. C6. D7. B8.D9. C 10. DPart ⅡReading ComprehensionPassage 111. C 12. D 13.B 14. APassage 215.C 16.B 17.A 18.DPassage 319.B 20.A 21.C 22.DPassage 423.B 24.D 25.C 26.APassage 527.A 28.C 29.D 30.BPart ⅢEnglish-Chinese Translation31.在现代条件下，这需要程度不同的集中控制措施，从而就需要获得诸如经济学和运筹学等领域的专家的协助。
2000年中央、国家机关公务员录用考试行政职业能力测试真题及答案解析【完整+答案+解析】
2000年中央、国家机关公务员录用考试《行政职业能力测验》试卷第一部分言语理解(共20题，参考时限20分钟)每道题包含一段文字(或一个句子)，后面是一个不完整的陈述，要求你从四个选项中选出一个来完成陈述。
注意：答案可能是完成对所给文字主要意思的提要，也可能是满足陈述中其他方面的要求，你的选择应与所提要求最相符合。
【例题】钢铁被用来造桥梁、摩天大楼、地铁、轮船、铁路和汽车等，被用来制造几乎所有的机械，还被用来制造包括镰刀和缝衣针在内的成千上万的小物品。
这段话主要支持了这样一种观点，即钢铁（）。
A.是一种反映物质生活水平的金属B.具有许多不同的用途C.是所有金属中最坚固的D.是惟一用于建造摩天大楼和桥梁的物质解答：正确答案为B。
请开始答题：1.真正的辩论与辩论比赛之不同在于，在前者中，辩论双方均站在自己真实的立场上，而在后者中，角色是抽签决定的。
上面这段话主要支持了这样一种观点，即（）。
A.真正辩论是为了坚持观点，比赛是为了提高技巧B.辩论比赛中的双方是通过抽签决定的C.真正的辩论的目的是为坚持社会准则D.在辩论比赛中，双方必须坚持自己个人的观点2.在永恒“变化”的过程中，有的东西是要永恒坚持的，那就是学习方法论和颖悟性，还有“做人”。
上面这段话主要支持了这样一种观点，即（）。
A.永恒变化着的某些东西需要永恒坚持B.有些东西只有永恒地坚持，才会永恒“变化”C.有些东西不应随着永恒的“变化”而丢弃D.永恒的“变化”是绝对的，静止是相对的3.某经济专家提出：中央进行宏观调控成功的关键在于如何在尽量多地安排就业人员并兼顾物价的基本稳定两方面做出努力。
通货膨胀不是最可怕的，要保持经济的高增长，不可能没有一定的通货膨胀。
上面这段话主要支持了这样一种观点，即（）。
A.中央必须做好就业安置与物价稳定两方面的工作B.发展经济就不可避免地会引起通货膨胀C.就业安排不当比通货膨胀的危害更大D.宏观调控就是为了解决就业和物价两个问题4.总体来说，银行获得的存款量决定了银行的贷款能力。
2000年国家公务员考试《行测》真题答案及解析
2000 年《行政职业能力测验》试卷参考答案及解析第一部分言语理解1.A【解析】这段话的主旨在于说明真正的辩论与辩论比赛之间的不同，四个选项中只有 A 项对此作出了比较。
B 的内容是对的，但不够全面；C 的意思原文没有提到； D 本身是错误的，因为在辩论比赛中，双方必须坚持的应该是抽签决定的观点而不是自己个人的观点。
故正确答案为 A。
2.C【解析】这段话的意思是说：在永恒“变化”的过程中，学习方法论、颖悟性、与做人是要永恒坚持的。
既然是要永恒坚持的，当然是不应丢弃的。
在 A 项中，需要“永恒坚持”的某些东西是“永恒变化”的。
但根据题意，需要“永恒坚持”的东西是在永恒“变化”的过程中要做到的，所以 A 项不符合题意；B 项中，变化应该是坚持的前提；D 项原文没有提到。
只有 C 符合题意，故正确答案为 C。
3.C【解析】这段话的主旨在于，通货膨胀虽然可怕，但安排就业和稳定物价对宏观调控更为重要。
A、B 本身正确，但不全面。
D 项表述错误，实行宏观调控的目的有很多，不仅仅是为了解决就业和物价两个问题。
故正确答案为 C。
4.B【解析】这段话说明的是，如果银行的贷款量大大超过其存款量，就会造成通货膨胀。
通过对比发现只有 B 项符合题意。
A、C 原文中没有提到；D 项表述有误，银行贷款量与存款量不一定成正比。
故正确答案为 B。
5.B【解析】这段话的主旨在于说明只有接受教育，才算获得了真正的生活。
A 项的意思与题干本意不符，显然错误；C 项只是说明教育涉及的内容而没有说明教育的功用；D 项原文中并未提到，只有 B 项与原文相符。
故正确答案为 B。
6.C【解析】原文说只见树木、断章取义达不到真正的建设有中国特色社会主义理论的境界，可见只有“见到森林，全面学习”才能真正把握这一理论，也就是说要对这一理论进行全面系统的研究。
A 项不全面；B 项本末倒置，只有先创立理论，才能对其进行研究；D 项与原文意思不符。
故正确答案为 C。
2000年北京卷、安徽卷高考真题语文试卷(春季)-学生用卷
2000年北京卷、安徽卷高考真题语文试卷（春季）-学生用卷一、第I 卷 选择题（60分）1、【来源】 2000年高考真题北京卷春季招生第1题3分2000年高考真题安徽卷春季招生第1题3分下列各组词语中，有两个错别字的一组是A. 亵黩 头晕目眩 沉湎 以儆效尤B. 戌边 别无长物 殉情 摩肩接踵C. 缉私 功亏一篑 萦怀 嬉笑怒骂D. 矫健 冥顽不灵 璀璨 不徇私情2、【来源】 2000年高考真题安徽卷春季招生第2题3分2000年高考真题北京卷春季招生第2题3分下列各句中加点的词语使用恰当的一句是A. 他遇事不够冷静，甚至流于意气用事，使他的看法不能被对方接受，而这些看法本来 可能．．是正确的。
B. 消费者一旦被认定受到经营者的精神损害，经营者将支付 至少．．五万元以上的精神赔偿。
C. 其实，细究起来，“华夏汉民族文化”这一概念本身就有一个动态发展的过程。
而 并非．．是一个封闭的稳定的范畴。
D. 小男孩吃力地推着车，但无论如何也推不上那个土坡。
我上前帮了他一把，趁机 向．他聊了起来。
3、【来源】 2000年高考真题安徽卷春季招生第3题3分2000年高考真题北京卷春季招生第3题3分依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，恰当的一组是（1）2500年前的孔子，曾对着 的江水感叹:逝者如斯夫，不舍昼夜。
站在千禧之年的门槛，我们更深切地领悟到了先哲的睿智。
（2）营房各处 的灯火，欢腾热闹的情景，使他又激动起来，回想起白天参加国庆大典的场面。
（3）鲁迅的作品，即使是纯属个人生活的回忆，也总能使我们有乐观、清醒的感觉，得到深刻的 。
A. 流逝 闪烁 启发B. 流逝 闪耀 启示C. 流泻 闪烁 启示D. 流泻 闪耀 启发4、【来源】 2000年高考真题北京卷春季招生第4题3分2000年高考真题安徽卷春季招生第4题3分下列各句中，加点的词语使用恰当的一句是A. 二恶英成了当令词汇以后，各种媒体对它的“包装”可谓 五花八门．．．．。
2000真题详解基础篇(特别适合基础一般的同学)
’ & # + * & $ # 5 / # ) # . , %% , / ( + * ( . ** &% ) + ) & 8 8 ( 5, $ / & $ + , 障措施 ! 0’ 以及作为商品卖掉 ! 来更换旧 ) 8 /# $ ( . 8 + $ # 8% 0 " 0 " ’ $ ) # 5 /, 4 + # ( 5. * & % ( . # 8 农具和购买化肥给土壤施肥 " 他可能 3 !=!, 1 + " & $ + ( 8 ( > & $ ) + ,! ? * & ) , ( 8 6*7 &% # 8 ) ,5 & & /% , 5 & + , ! 0# 0 还需要钱来修建灌溉水渠 ! 或在其他方 . , 5 ) + $ . +( $ $ ( # + ( , 5! @ 5 /( % $ , A &* ( )" # $ %( 5, + * & $ 面改善自己的农场 "如果没有余粮 ! !# 3 2 农 ! B 民就不能自给自足 ! ’ # ) 6+ ! " 5 , ) $ 8 ) ( ) # A # ( 8 # 4 8 & # " # $ % & $ . # 5 5 , + 4 &! 0 2 他就只得变卖部分 &% ) +& ( + * & $) & 8 8 ) , % &, "* ( )2 $ , & $ + $!C! 家产或通过贷款寻求额外的资金 " 自 !6,7 2 0, & D + $ # " 5 / ) ( 5 + * & " , $ %, " 8 , # 5 ) 6 # + $ # 8 8 &’ ( 8 8 + $ + , 然! -E 0* 0 他会尽量争取低息贷款 ! 但这种贷 ! , 4 , $ $ , ’% , 5 & + # 8 , ’ F " ( 5 + & $ & ) + 4 + 8 , # 5 ) , " + * ( ) 款不是经常能够得到的 " 0# ! ! , 1 ( 5 /# $ &5 , +! : G 4 + # ( 5 # 4 8 & 6 !
上海市_2000年_高考英语真题(附答案)_历年历届试题(解析)
2000年上海高考卷英语第I卷（五大题，共135分）一、听力部分（第1——第20题，共30分。
考试时间为30分钟。
）1. A. About 60. B. About 50.C. About 30.D. About 25.2. A. Her health. B. The class she missed.C. The coming examination.D. The difficult lessons.3. A. Making an appointment. B. Deciding what to do.C. Checking the time.D. Going to class.4. A. She wants him to stay longer. B. She wishes he had left sooner.C. She knows he must go soon.D. She wants him to go now.5. A. Mother and child. B. Manager and customer.C. Teacher and student.D. Boss and clerk.6. A. Mother and father. B. Teacher and student.C. Two friends.D. Parent and child.7. A. She wonders why they can’t go for a walk.B. She doesn’t want to go for a walk in the park.C. She doesn’t want to go out with the man.D. She thinks it’s a good idea.8. A. In the morning. B. At an early age.C. Half an hour ago.D. At six o’clock.9. A. In a park. B. In a museum.C. In a zoo.D. In a pet store.10. A. Because of the size. B. Because of the colour.C. Because of the material.D. Because of the style.Part B Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part B you will hear two longer conversations. After each conversation you will be asked two questions. The conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following conversation11. A. She can fix the loose connector.B. She’s annoyed by a strange noise.C. She doesn’t like the screen.D. Her computer doesn’t work.12. A. The man is going over to the woman’s place.B. The problem is solved.C. The man doe sn’t know what’s wrong with the computer.D. The computer is completely broken.Questions 13 and 14 are based on the following conversation.13. A. A reporter. B. A school teacher.C. A traveler.D. A musician.14. A. To give more concerts. B. TO travel abroad.C. To run a special school.D. To perform more beautifully.Part C PassagesDirections: In Pat C, you will hear two short passages and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers in your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 15 through 17 are based on the following passage15. A. She caught a butterfly.B. She set a butterfly free.C. She saw a butterfly flying away.D. She changed a butterfly into a fairy.16. A. Letter her have any wish she would like.B. Letting her go anywhere she would like.C. Making her rich.D. Making her popular in the neighborhood.17. A. How to help others.B. The secret life of a young girl.C. The true meaning of happiness.D. Beauty brings happiness.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following passage.18. A. Nurse. B. Doctors.C. Patients.D. Visitors.19. A. Having soft drinks.B. Listening to the hospital radio.C. Smoking in certain areas.D. Visiting patients in the morning.20. A. A music programme. B. A medical report.C. Hospital rules.D. A talk show.That’s the end of Listening ComprehensionII. GrammarDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21 The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ___?A. did theyB. didn't theyC. did itD. didn'tit22. They are not very good, but we like___.A. anyway to play basketball with themB. to play basketball with them anywayC. to play with them basketball anywayD. with them to play basketball anyway23. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he ___ your lecture.A. couldn't have attendedB. needn't have attendedC. mustn't have attendedD. shouldn't have attended24. My uncle ___ until he was forty-five.A. marriedB. didn't marriedC. was not marryingD. would marry25. Not a single song ___ at yesterday's party.A. she sangB. sang sheC. did she singD. she did sing26. ___ of the land in that district ___ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth … isB. Two fifth … areC. Two fifths … isD. Two fifths … are27. ___ she couldn't understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What … whyB. That … whatC. What … becauseD. Why … that28. Recently I bought an ancient vase, ___ was very reasonable.A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of those29. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ___.A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. whoit is30. She found her calculator ___ she lost it.A. whereB. whenC. in whichD. that31. He sent me an e-mail, ___ to get further information.A. hopedB. hopingC. to hope D hope32. I know nothing about the young lady ___ she is from Beijing.A. exceptB. except forC. except thatD. besides33. What he has down is far from ___.A. satisfactoryB. satisfiedC. satisfactionD satisfy34. You're standing too near the camera. Can you move ___?A. a bit farB. a little fartherC. a bit of fartherD. a little far35. Greenland, ___ island in the world, covers over two millionsquare kilometres.A. it is the largestB. that is the largestC. is the largestD. the largest36. If only he ___ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn't suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. shouldn't lie37. in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A. Being foundedB. It was foundedC. FoundedD. Founding38. An awful accident ___, however, occur the other day.A. doesB. didC. has toD. had to39. The ___ boy was last seen ___ near the East Lake.A. missing … playingB. missing … playC. missed … playedD. missed … to play40. Tony was very unhappy for ___ to the party.A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC having not invited D. not having been invited41 --- Shall I help you with that suitcase?--- ___.A. It's all right, thanks.B. Yes, go ahead please.C. I don't want to trouble you too much.D. No, pleasedon't do it.42 --- You've given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs. Wang. --- ____.A. Oh, I'm afraid I didn't cook very well.B. I'm glad you enjoyed itC. Come again when you are free.D. it's not necessary for you to say so43 ---do you mind if I keep pets in this building?---____.A. I'd rather you didn't, actually.B. Of course not, it's not allowed there.C. Great! I love pets.D. No, you can't.44---I don't have any change with me. Will you pay the fare for me?---____.A. That's fineB. Nothing seriousC. Never mindD. No problem45 ---I didn't know this was a one-way street, officer.---____.A. That's all rightB. I don't believe youC. How dare you say thatD. Sorry, but that's no excuse III. VocabularyDirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.46. The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n)____ of courage and power.A. exampleB. signC. markD. symbol47. We volunteered to collect money to help the ____ of the earthquake.A. victimsB. folksC. fellowsD. villagers48 If you don't take away all your things from the desk, there won't be enough ____for my stationery.A. areaB. placeC. roomD. surface49. It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.A. rewardB. prizesC. awardsD. results50. I wrote him a letter to show my____ of his thoughtfulness.A. achievementB. agreementC. attentionD. appreciation51 One of the advantages of living on the top of the floor ofa high rise is that you can get a good ___.A. sightB. sceneC. viewD. look52. ---Excuse me, may I ask you some questions?---Sorry, I'm too busy and haven't a minute to ____.A. spendB. spareC. shareD. stop53. Although the working mother is very busy, she still____ a lot of time to her children.A. devotesB. spendsC. offersD. provides54. When I opened the door, a parcel on the floor ____my eye.A. metB. caughtC. drewD. attracted55. After the president made an official announcement, she expressed her ____opinion.A. personalB. privateC. singleD. individual56. Alice laid her baby on the sofa____ and wrapped it with a blanket.A. silentlyB. tenderlyC. friendlyD. comfortably57. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he ____passed the last exam.A. easilyB. hardlyC. actuallyD. successfully58. Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercises. _____, our minds are developed by learning.A. ProbablyB. LikelyC. SimilarlyD. Generally59. He holds an important position in that company; ______, I don't quite trust him.A. ThusB. FurthermoreC. OtherwiseD. Nevertheless60.If you had _____your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made fewer mistakes.A. looked upB. thought aboutC. gone overD. gone roundIV. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. But according to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland University, parent should not _61__ up reading to their children_62__they enter primary school. She says listening to, reading and discussing the stories help children's_63_."My_64__ indicates that once children can read themselves, most parent stop reading_65__them," Dr. Spreadbury says."_66__may be at the end of year 1,which is far too_67__." Dr. Spreadbury says _68_reading not only gives children a goodstart at school. But brings parents and children closer. "This makes it _69__for them to open up and talk to parents about things that worrying them, or things they are _70__ in their everyday life."61. A. speed B. keep C. give D. hold62. A. after B. until C. if D. unless63. A. thinking B. comprehension C. relaxation D. development64. A. theory B. research C. story D. decision65. A. about B. from C. to D. through66. A. Some B. Most C. They D. That67. A. difficult B. early C. much D. informal68. A. daily B. healthy C. fast D. bedtime69. A. easier B. funnier C. rarer D. clearer70. A. reading B. promising C. celebrating D. receiving(B)Chinese scientists are again becoming excited about the factthat a large hairy animal may live in central China. Now they hope it won't be too long before they are able to _71_its existence. Their confidence is the _72_of a new discovery of the mystery animal in Hubei Province.Ten Chinese _73__, enjoying a holiday in a National Forest Park, were driving down a road. As their bus turned a corner, the men were suddenly _74_by what they saw. Three_75_animals, covered with long black hair, were crossing the road. On seeing the animal, the engineers immediately stopped and _76_them. _77_, when they saw how the animals moved through the forest with great_78_ and strength, they did not dare to follow any further. The men did not take any _79_. However, scientists are_80_ by the discovery, because the engineers were all very educated people and scientists feel they can _81_What they described.After the discovery, scientists returned to the forest and_82_some hair and measured footprints. About 20 inches appears to be the animal's foot！ Chinese scientists have now set up a special group to exchange information and make a_83_of the forest. But in the meantime, some people_84_to believe that this half-man, half-monkey exists. They will not believe that it is _85_until one of the animals have been caught.71. A. prove B. analyze C. protect D.check72. A. basis B. requirement C. resultD. preparation73. A. travellers B. engineers C. scientistsD. explorers74. A. frightened B. amazed C. upset D.inspired75. A. trained B. projected C. tall D.violent76. A. shot at B. looked at C. fought withD. ran after77. A. However B. Indeed C. Meanwhile D.Anyway78. A. difficult B. speed C. care D.pleasure79. A. bullets B. tools C. medicines D. photographs80. A. surprised B. delighted C. disturbedD. supported81. A. rely on B. deal with C. write down D.pass on82. A. cut B. pulled C. collected D. tore83. A. film B. tour C. choice D. study84. A. come B. refuse C. prefer D. have85. A. wrong B. alive C. real D. correct IV. Reading ComprehensionDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The famous director of a big and expensive movie planned to film a beautiful sunset over the ocean, so that the audiences could see his hero and heroine in front of it at the end of the film as they said goodbye to each other for ever. He sent camera crew out one evening to film the sunset for him.The next morning he said to the men, "Have you provided me with that sunset? ""No, Sir," the men answered.The director was angry. "Why not? " he asked."Well, Sir, " one of the men answered, "we are on the east coast here, and the sun sets in the west. We can get you a sunrise over the sea, if necessary, but not a sunset.""But I want a sunset!" the director shouted. "Go to the airport, take the next flight to the west coast, and get one. "But then a young secretary had an idea. "Why don't you photograph a sunrise, " she suggested, "and then play it backwards? Then it'll look like a sunset.""That's a very good idea! " the director said. Then he turned to the camera crew and said, "Tomorrow morning I want you to get me a beautiful sunrise over the sea. "The camera crew went out early the next morning and filmed a bright sunrise over the beach in the middle of a beautiful bay （海湾）. Then at nine o'clock they took it to the director. "Here it is, Sir, " they said, and give it to him. He was very pleased.They all went into the studio（摄影棚）. "All right, " the director explained, "now our hero and heroine are going to say goodbye. Run the film backwards so that we can see the 'sunset' behind them. "The "sunset" began, but after a quarter of a minute, the director suddenly put his face in his hands and shouted to thecamera crew to stop.The birds in the file were flying backwards, and the waves on the sea were going away from the beach.86.One evening, the director sent his camera crew out____.A. to watch a beautiful sunsetB. to find an actor and an actressC. to film a scene on the seaD. to meet the audience87.Why did the director want to send his crew to the west coast?A. Because he changed his mind about getting a sunsetB. Because he was angry about his crewC. Because it was his secretary's suggestion.D. Because he wanted to get a scene of sunset88.Which of the following is NOT true?A. The crew had to follow the secretary's advice.B. If you want to see a sunrise, the east coast is a place to go.C. The camera crew wasn't able to film the scene the first dayD. The director ordered his crew to stop filming the "sunset"89 The director wanted to film a sunset over the ocean because_____.A. it went well with the separation of the hero and heroineB. when they arrived at the beach it was already in the eveningC. it was more moving than a sunriseD. the ocean looked more beautiful at sunset90.After the "sunset" began, the director suddenly put his face in his hands____.A. because he was moved to tearsB. as he saw everything in the film moving backwardsC. as the sunrise did not look as beautiful as he had imaginedD. because he was disappointed with the performance of the hero and the heroine(B)I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor-and go to court （法庭）.After the accident, my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I'd have to have a good lawyer. Now that he had helped me to find a good doctor, it was only fair that I shouldpay him.But every time I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time. The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. he knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss（解雇）him. And he made me pay him $770.Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time, … and I left without getting a cent. My experiences taught me two things about America: firstly, in a country like America money is everything. It is more important than friendship honour or professional morality（职业道德）. Secondly, foreigners are still being unfairly treated. So when we talk about America, we should see both its good and bad sides.91.The author's roommate offered to help him because_____.A. he felt sorry for the authorB. he thought it was a chance to make some moneyC. he knew the doctor was a very good oneD. he wanted the author to have a good lawyer92. A good doctor is essential for the author to____.A. be properly treatedB. talk with the person responsible for the accidentC. recover before he leaves AmericaD. eventually get the responsible party to pay for his injury93.The word " charge " in the passage means____.A. be responsibleB. accuseC. ask as a priceD. claim94.both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are very___.A. friendlyB. greedyC. professionalD. busy95.What conclusion can you draw from this story?A. Going to court is something every common in AmericaB. One must be very careful while driving a carC. There are more bad sides in America than good sidesD. Money is more important than other things in the US(C)Laptop（便携式）computers are popular all over the world. People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels. These laptop connect people to their work place. In the United Statestoday, laptops also connect students to their classrooms. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do school work anywhere they want. Within five years, each of the 1,500 students at the college will receive a laptop. The laptops are a part of a $10million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year old college. The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet. In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to "speak" with their tethers, their classmates, and their families. However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs. They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees-anywhere at all!Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable. As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers. In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only Internet, but also libraries and other resources. State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students. State Officials also are testing laptop programs at other universities, too.At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use the computers. The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons. As one Westlake teacher said, "Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we're giving students a window on the world. They can see everything and do everything. "96 The main purpose of the laptop program is to give each studenta laptop to____.A. use for their schoolworkB. access the InternetC. work at homeD. connect them to libraries97 Why is the word "speak" in the second paragraph in quotation mark?A. They don't really talkB. They use the computer languageC. Laptops have speakersD. None of the above reasons is correct98 Which of the following is true about Westlake College?A. All teachers use computersB. 1,500 students have laptopsC. It is an old college in AmericaD. Students there can do everything99. A window on the world in the last paragraph means that students can____.A. attend lectures on information technologyB. travel around the worldC. get information from around the worldD. have free laptops100. What can we infer（推断）passage?A. The program is successfulB. The program is not workableC. The program is too expensiveD. We don't know the result yet(D)Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for yeas. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.The first kind of loneliness is temporary（暂时的）. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, itusually does not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic（长期的）usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. we depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life,chronic loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.101.How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?A. Talk to friendsB. Just ignore itC. Go to see a doctorD. Ask your teachers for guidance 102."It" in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _____.A. temporary lonelinessB. situational lonelinessC. a new placeD sleeplessness103.The topic of the 4th paragraph is that____.A. one problem of loneliness is a person's social contactsB. we depend on various person for different reasonsC. lonely people don't have many social problemsD. lonely people don't have many friends104. Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problemsB. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illnessC. Chronic loneliness can not be overcomeD. A, B and C are all correct105 What is the best title for the passage?A. Three Kinds of LonelinessB. Loneliness and DiseasesC. Loneliness and Social ContactsD. Chronic LonelinessI. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. 让我们利用这次长假去香港旅游。
高考2000真题数学答案
高考2000真题数学答案2000年高考数学真题答案
一、填空题
1. (3.05)
2. 412
3. 4
4. AD
5. 8
二、选择题
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. C
三、解答题
1. 将不等式两边同乘以2，得到：2x-6 <
2. 移项得：2x < 8, x < 4。
故x的取值范围是x < 4。
2. 过点A (-2,6) 作直线l垂直于直线y=3x-4。
直线l的斜率是-1/3，
设方程为y=-1/3x+b，将点(-2,6)代入得b=2，所以直线方程是y=-
1/3x+2。
3. 首先求出直径AC的中点P，坐标为((1+5)/2,(3+13)/2)=(3,8)。
则
向量AP为(3-1,8-5)=(2,3)，单位向量为(2/√13,3/√13)。
故向量AP的方
向余弦分别为2/√13和3/√13。
4. 设圆心为O，连接A、O。
根据正切的定义可得三角形OAP的两
个正切值 tan∠OAP = OA / AP = 2/3。
根据文中所述知2/3 ≠ ±√(2/13)。
5. 正方体的空间对角线长度为√3a，相对空间对角线的倾斜角为45°。
以上为2000年高考数学真题的详细答案，请考生们核对自己的答
题情况并进行练习复习，祝愿大家取得优异的成绩！。
2000北京理科高考数学真题与答案
2000【【题目】】一、选择题本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的(1) 设集合A 和B 都是自然数集合N ，映射B A f →:把集合A 中的元素n 映射到集合B 中的元素n n +2，则在映射f 下，象20的原象是 ( )(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5(2) 在复平面内，把复数i 33-对应的向量按顺时针方向旋转，所得向3π量对应的复数是 ( )(A) 23 (B) i 32- (C)i 33-(D) 3i 3+(3) 一个长方体共一顶点的三个面的面积分别是2，3，6，这个长方体对角线的长是 ( )(A) 23 (B) 32 (C) 6 (D)6(4) 已知βαsin sin >，那么下列命题成立的是( )(A) 若α、β是第一象限角，则βαcos cos > (B) 若α、β是第二象限角，则βαtg tg >(C) 若α、β是第三象限角，则βαcos cos > (D) 若α、β是第四象限角，则βαtg tg >(5) 函数x x y cos -=的部分图像是( )(6)《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》规定，公民全月工资、薪金所得不超过800元的部分不必纳税，超过800元的部分为全月应纳税所得额．此项税款按下表分段累进计算：某人一月份应交纳此项税款26.78元，则他的当月工资、薪金所得介于 ( )(A) 800~900元 (B) 900~1200元 (C) 1200~1500元 (D) 1500~2800元(7) 若1>>b a ，P =b a lg lg ⋅，Q =()b a lg lg 21+，R =⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+2lg b a ，则( )(A) R <P <Q (B) P <Q <R (C) Q <P <R (D) P <R <Q(8) 以极坐标系中的点()1 , 1为圆心，1为半径的圆的方程是( )(A) ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=4cos 2πθρ(B) ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=4sin 2πθρ(C) ()1cos 2-=θρ (D) ()1sin 2-=θρ(9) 一个圆柱的侧面展开图是一个正方形，这个圆柱的全面积与侧面积的比是 ( )(A)ππ221+ (B) ππ441+(C) ππ21+(D)ππ241+ (10) 过原点的直线与圆03422=+++x y x 相切，若切点在第三象限，则该直线的方程是( )(A) x y 3= (B) x y 3-=(C) x y 33=(D) x y 33-=(11) 过抛物线()02>=a ax y 的焦点F 作一直线交抛物线于P 、Q 两点，若线段PF 与FQ 的长分别是p 、q ，则qp 11+等于 ( )(A) a 2 (B)a21 (C) a 4(D)a4 (12) 如图，OA 是圆锥底面中心O 到母线的垂线，OA 绕轴旋转一周所得曲面将圆锥分成体积相等的两部分，则母线与轴的夹角为( )(A) 321arccos(B) 21arccos(C) 21arccos(D) 421arccos二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分．把答案填在题中横线．(13) 乒乓球队的10名队员中有3名主力队员，派5名参加比赛．3名主力队员要安排在第一、三、五位置，其余7名队员选2名安排在第二、四位置，那么不同的出场安排共有_____种(用数字作答)(14) 椭圆14922=+y x 的焦点为1F 、2F ，点P 为其上的动点，当21PF F ∠为钝角时，点P 横坐标的取值范围是________(15) 设{}n a 是首项为1的正项数，列且()011221=+-+++n n n n a a na a n (n =1，2，3，…)，则它的通项公式是n a =_______(16) 如图，E 、F 分别为正方体的面11A ADD 、面11B BCC 的中心，则四边形E BFD 1在该正方体的面上的射影可能是_______．(要求：把可能的图的序号都．填上)三、解答题：本大题共6小题，共74分，解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．(17) (本小题满分12分)(18) (本小题满分12分)(19) (本小题满分12分)(20) (本小题满分12分)(21) (本小题满分12分)(Ⅰ) 写出图一表示的市场售价与时间的函数关系式P =()t f ； 写出图二表示的种植成本与时间的函数关系式Q =()t g ；(Ⅱ) 认定市场售价减去种植成本为纯收益，问何时上市的西红柿收益最大？ (注：市场售价和种植成本的单位：元/210kg ，时间单位：天) (22) (本小题满分14分)【【答案】】(1)C(2)B(3)D(4)D(5)D(6)C(7)B(8)C(9)A(10)C(11)C(12)D(13)252(14)(15)1n(16)②③(17)本小题主要考查三角函数的图像和性质，考查利用三角公式进行恒等变形的技能以及运算能力．满分12分(18)本小题主要考查直线与直线、直线与平面的关系，逻辑推理能力，满分12分．OHGC 1CDA BD 1B 1A 1(19)本小题主要考查不等式的解法、函数的单调性等基本知识，分类讨论的数学思想方法和运算、推理能力．满分12分．(20)本小题主要考查等比数列的概念和基本性质，推理和运算能力，满分12分．(21)本小题主要考查由函数图像建立函数关系式和求函数最大值的问题，考查运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力，满分12分．(22)本小题主要考查坐标法、定比分点坐标公式、双曲线的概念和性质，推理、运算能力和综合应用数学知识解决问题的能力，满分14分．。
2000年数学三真题答案解析
A T A bi2 0. i 1
故有 bi 0 ， i 1,2,n 从而有 A 0 ，即 也是方程组 (I ) : AX 0 的解.
(5)【答案】C
【详解】随机变量 T(1) ,T(2) ,T(3) ,T(4) 为 4 个温控器显示的按递增顺序排列的温度值，事件 E 表
示事件“电炉断电”，即有两个温控器显示的温度不低于 t0 ，此时必定两个显示较高的温度大
3
2.) 3
所以，答案应该填1 k 3 或1,3.
(5)【答案】 8 . 9
【详解】由于题中 Y 是离散型随机变量，其所取值的概率分别为 PX 0, P X 0 和
2
PX 0 .又由于 X 是均匀分布，所以可以直接得出这些概率，从而实现由 X 的概率计算
过渡到 Y 的概率.
PY 1 P X 0 0 (1) 1;
即 f (a) 0 所以当 f (a) 0 时必不可导，选 (B) .
(3)【答案】(C)
【详解】 因为 1 1，2，3，4T 是非齐次方程 组的解向量所以我们有 A1 b ，故 1 是
AX b 的一个特解
又 r A 3,n 4 (未知量的个数)，故 AX b 的基础解系由一个非零解组成. 即基础
f (x)
x6 2x2 x4 1
,
满足条件
但是由于
lim
x
x6 2x2 x4 1
x6 x2 x4 1
lim
x
x2 x4 1
0
,
f
(x)
x6 x2 x4 1
x2 ,
有 lim f (x) ，极限不存在，故不选 (B) ,所以选 (D) . x
因为最终结论是“ (D) ：不一定存在”,所以只能举例说明“可以这样”“可以那样”，无法给
2000年专八真题与答案详解
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2000)-GRADE EIGHT-PAPER ONETIME LIMIT: 95 MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [40 MIN.]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your Colored Answer Sheet.SECTION A TALKQuestions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section .At the end of the talk you w ill be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the talk.1.The rules for the first private library in the US were drawn up by ___.A)the legislatureB)the librarianC)John HarvardD)the faculty members2.The earliest public library was also called a subscription library becausebooks ___.A)could be lent to everyoneB)could be lent by book storesC)were lent to students and the facultyD)were lent on a membership basis3.Which of the following is NOT stated as one of the purposes of free public libraries?A)To provide readers with comfortable reading rooms.B)To provide adults with opportunities of further education.C)To serve the community's cultural and recreational needs.D)To supply technical literature on specialized subjects.4.The major difference between modem private and public libraries lies in ___.A) readership C) service B) content D) function5.The main purpose of the talk is ___.A)to introduce categories of books in US librariesB)to demonstrate the importance of US librariesC)to explain the roles of different US librariesD)to define the circulation system of US librariesSECTION B INTERVIEWQuestions 6 to 10 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you wil l be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.6.Nancy became a taxi driver because ___.A)she owned a carB)she drove wellC)she liked drivers' uniformsD)it was her childhood dream7.According to her, what was the most difficult about becoming a taxi dr iver?A)The right sense of direction.B)The sense of judgment.C)The skill of maneuvering.D)The size of vehicles.8.What does Nancy like best about her job?A)Seeing interesting buildings in the city.B)Being able to enjoy the world of nature.C)Driving in unsettled weather.D)Taking long drives outside the city.9.It can be inferred from the interview that Nancy in a (n) ___ mother.A) uncaring C) affectionate B) strict D) permissive10.The people Nancy meets areA)rather difficult to pleaseB)rude to women driversC)talkative and generous with tipsD)different in personalitySECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestion 11 is based on the following news. At the end of the news i tem, you wil l be given 15 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.11.The primary purpose of the US anti-smoking legislation is ___.A)to tighten control on tobacco advertisingB)to impose penalties on tobacco companiesC)to start a national anti-smoking campaignD)to ensure the health of American childrenQuestions 12 and 13 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.12.The French President's visit to Japan aims at ___.A)making more investments in JapanB)stimulating Japanese businesses in FranceC)helping boost the Japanese economyD)launching a film festival in Japan13.This is Jacques Chirac's ___ visit to Japan.A) second C) fortiethB) fourteenth D) forty-firstQuestions 14 and 15 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.14.Afghan people are suffering from starvation because ___.A)melting snow begins to block the mountain pathsB)the Taliban have destroyed existing food stocksC)the Taliban are hindering food deliveriesD)an emergency air-lift of food was cancelled15.people in Afghanistan are facing starvation.A) 160,000C) 1,000,000B) 16,000D) 100, 000SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the lecture, take notes on the important points. Your notes will notbe marked, but you will need them to complete a 15-minute gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the mini-lecture. Use the blank paper for note-taking.Part Ⅱ PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.Part Ⅲ READING COMPREHENSION (40 MIN)SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read the passagesand then mark your answers on your Colored Answer Sheet.TEXT ADespite Denmark's manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they a re to be Danes. This would sound weird in Danish. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance, the difficulty of its language, the general small-mindedness and self-indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes. No Dane would look you in the eye and say, "Denmark is a great country." You're supposed to figure this out for yourself.It is the land of the silk safety net, where almost half the national budget goes toward smoothing out life's inequalities, and there is plenty of money f or schools, day care, retraining programmes, job seminars-Danes love seminars: three days at a study centre hearing about waste management is almost as good as a ski trip. It is a culture bombarded by English, in advertising, pop music, the Internet, and despite all the English that Danish absorbs-thereis no Danish Academy to defend against it -old dialects persist in Jutland that can barely be understood by Copenhageners. It is the land where, as the saying goes," Fe w have too much and fewer have too little, "and a foreigner is struck by the sweet egalitarianism that prevails, where the lowliest clerk gives you a level gaze, where Sir and Madame have disappeared from common usage, even Mr. and Mrs. It?s a nation of recyclers-about 55 % of Danish garbage gets made into something new- and no nuclear power plants. It's a nation of tireless planner. Trains run on time. Things operate well in general.Such a nation of overachievers - a brochure from the Ministry of Business and Industry says, "Denmark is one of the world's cleanest and most organize d countries, with virtually no pollution, crime, or poverty. Denmark is the most corruption-free society in the Northern Hemisphere. "So, of course, one's heart lifts at any sighting of Danish sleaze: skinhead graffiti on buildings ("Foreigner s Out of Denmark! "), broken beer bottles in the gutters, drunken teenagers slumped in the park.Nonetheless, it is an orderly land. You drive through a Danish town, it comes to an end at a stone wall, and on the other side is a field of barley, a nice clean line: town here, country there. It is not a nation of jay-walkers. People stand on the curb and wait for the red light to change, even if it's 2 a.m. a n d there's not a car in sight. However, Danes don' t think of themselves as a wainting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-light people—— that's how they see Swedes and Germans. Danes see themselves as jazzy people, improvisers, more free spirited than Swedes, but the truth is (though one should not say it) that Danes are very much like Germans and Swedes. Orderliness is a main selling point. Denmark has few natural resources, limited manufacturing capability; its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods. You send your goods by container ship to Copenhagen, and these bright, young, English-speaking, utterly honest, highly disciplined people will get your goods around to Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and Russia. Airports, seaports, highways, and rail lines are ultramodern and well-maintained.The orderliness of the society doesn't mean that Danish lives are less messy or lonely than yours or mine, and no Dane would tell you so. You can hear plentyabout bitter family feuds and the sorrows of alcoholism and about perfectly sensible people who went off one day and killed themselves. An orderly society c an not exempt its members from the hazards of life.But there is a sense of entitlement and security that Danes grow up with. Certain things are yours by virtue of citizenship, and you shouldn't feel bad f o r taking what you're entitled to, you're as good as anyone else. The rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone, the benefits you get if you lose your job, the steps you take to geta new one; and the orderliness of the system makes it possible for the country to weather high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis.16.The author thinks that Danes adopt a ___ attitude towards their country.A) boastful C) deprecatingB) modest D) mysterious17.Which of the following is NOT a Danish characteristic cited in the passage?A) Fondness of foreign culture.B) Equality in society.C) Linguistic tolerance.D) Persistent planning.18.The author's reaction to the statement by the Ministry of Business and Industry is ___.A)disapprovingB)approvingC)noncommittalD)doubtful19.According to the passage, Danish orderliness ___.A)sets the people apart from Germans and SwedesB)spares Danes social troubles besetting other peopleC)is considered economically essential to the countryD)prevents Danes from acknowledging existing troubles20.At the end of the passage the author states all the following EXCEPT that ___.A)Danes are clearly informed of their social benefitsB)Danes take for granted what is given to themC)the open system helps to tide the country overD)orderliness has alleviated unemploymentTEXT BBut if language habits do not represent classes, a social stratification in to something as bygone as "aristocracy" and "commons", they do still of course serve to identify social groups. This is something that seems fundamental in the use of language. As we see in relation to political and national movements, language is used as a badge or a barrier depending on which way we look at it. The new boy at school feels out of it at first because he does not know the fight words for things, and awe-inspiring pundits of six or seven look down on him for no t being aware that racksy means "dilapidated" , or hairy " out first ball ". The miner takes a certain pride in being "one up on the visitor or novice who calls the cage a "lift" or who thinks that men working in a warm seam are in their "underpants" when anyone ought to know that the garments are called hoggers. The "insider" is seldom displeased that his language distinguishes him from the "outsider".Quite apart from specialized terms of this kind in groups, trades and professions, there are all kinds of standards of correctness at which mast of us feel more or less obliged to aim, because we know that certain kinds of English invite irritation ordownright condemnation. On the other hand, we know that other kinds conveysome kind of prestige and bear a welcomecachet.In relation to the social aspects of language, it may well be suggested thatEnglish speakers fall into three categories: theassured, the anxious and theindifferent . At one end of this scale, we have the people who have "position" and"status", and who therefore do not feel they need worry much about their use ofEnglish. Their education and occupation make them confident of speaking anunimpeachable form of English: no fear of being criticized or corrected is likely t ocross their minds, and this gives their speech that characteristically unselfconsciousand easy flow which is often envied.At the other end of the scale, we have an equally imperturbable band, speakingwith a similar degree of careless ease, because even if they are aware that theirEnglish is condemned by others, they are supremelyindifferent to the fact. The Mrs.Mops of this world have active and efficient tongues in their heads, and if we happenednot to like the/r ways of saying things, well, we "can lump it ". That is their attitude.Curiously enough, writers are inclined to represent t he speech of both these extremeparties with -in' for ing. On the one hand, "we're goin' huntin', my dear sir";In between, according to this view, we have a far less fortunate group, theanxious. These actively try to suppress what they believe to be bad English andassiduously cultivate what they hope to be good English. They live their lives insome degree of nervousnessover their grammar, their pronunciation, and theirchoice of words: sensitive, and fearful of betraying themselves. Keeping up with theJoneses is measured not only in houses, furniture, refrigerators, cars, and clothes,but also in speech.And the misfortune of the "anxious" does not end with their inner anxiety. Theirlot is also the open or veiled contempt of the "assured" on one side of them and ofthe "indifferent" on the other.It is all too easy to raise an unworthy laugh at the anxious. The people thusuncomfortably stilted on linguistic high heels so often form part of what is, in manyways, the most admirable section of any society: the ambitious, tense, inner-drivenpeople, who are bent on" going places and doing things". The greater the pity, then,if a disproportionate amount of their energy goes into what Mr. Sharpless called" thisshabby obsession" with variant forms of English- especially if the net result is(as sooften)merely to sound affected and ridiculous. “ Here",according to Bacon, "is thefirst distemper of learning, when men study words and not matter⋯. It seems to me that Pygmalion?s frenzy is a good emblem ⋯ of this vanity: for words axe but theimages of matter; and except they have life of reason and invention, to fall in love with them is to fall in love with a picture."21.The attitude held by the assured towards language is ___.A) critical C) self-conscious B) anxious D) nonchalant22.The anxious are considered a less fortunate group because ___.A)they feel they are socially looked down uponB)they suffer from internal anxiety and external attackC)they are inherently nervous and anxious peopleD)they are unable to meet standards of correctness23.The author thinks that the efforts made by the anxious to cultivate w hat they believe is good English are ___.A) worthwhileB) meaningless C) praiseworthyD) irrationalTEXT CFred Cooke of Salford turned 90 two days ago and the world has been beatinga path to his door. If you haven't noticed, the backstreet boy educated at Blackpool grammar styles himself more grandly as Alastair Cooke, broadcaster extraordinaire. An honorable KBE, he would be Sir Alastair if he had not taken American citizenship more than half a century ago.If it sounds snobbish to draw attention to his humble origins, it should be reflected that the real snob is Cooke himself, who has spent a lifetime disguising them. But the fact that he opted to renounce his British passport in 1941 - just when his country needed all the wartime help it could get-is hardly a matter for congratulation.Cooke has made a fortune out of his love affair with America, entrancing listeners with a weekly monologue that has won Radio 4 many devoted adherents. Part of the pull is the developed drawl. This is the man who gave the world "midatlantic", the language of the disc jockey and public relations man.He sounds American to us and English to them, while in reality he has for decades belonged to neither. Cooke's world is an America that exists largely in the imagination. He took ages to acknowledge the disaster that was Vietnam and even longer to wake up to Watergate. His politics have drifted to the right with age, and most of his opinions have been acquired on the golf course with fellow celebrities.He chased after stars on arrival in America, Fixing up an interview with Charlie Chaplin and briefly becoming his friend. He told Cooke he could turn him into a fine light comedian; instead he is an impressionist's dream.Cooke liked the sound of his first wife's name almost as much as he admired her good looks. But he found bringing up baby difficult and left her for the wife of his landlord.the fact that 4% of women in the American armed forces were raped showed remarkable self-restraint on the part of Uncle Sam's soldiers. His arrogance in not allowing BBC editors to see his script in advance worked, not for the first time, to his detriment. His defenders said he could not help living with the 1930s values he had acquired and somewhat dubiously went on to cite "gallantry" as chief among them. Cooke's raconteur style encouraged a whole generation of BBC men to think of themselves as more important than the story. His treacly tones were the mo del for the regular World Service reports From Our Own Correspondent, known as FOOCs in the business. They may yet be his epitaph.24.At the beginning of the passage the writer sounds critical of ___.A)Cooke's obscure originsB)Cooke's broadcasting styleC)Cooke's American citizenshipD)Cooke's fondness of America25.The following adjectives can be suitably applied to Cooke EXCEPT ___.A) old-fashioned C) arrogantD) popularB)sincere26.The writer comments on Cooke's life and career in a slightly ___ tone.A) ironic C) scathing B) detached D) indifferentTEXT DMr. Duffy raised his eyes from the paper and gazed out of his window on the cheerless evening landscape. The river lay quiet beside the empty distillery and from time to time a light appeared in some house on Lucan Road. What an end! The whole narrative of her death revolted him and it revolted him to think that he had ever spoken to her of what he held sacred. The cautious words of a reporter won over to conceal the details of a commonplace vulgar death attacked his stomach. Not merely had she degraded herself, she had degraded him. His soul's companion! He thought ofthe hobbling wretches whom he had seen carrying cans and bottles to be filled by the barman. Just God, what an end! Evidently she had been unfit to live, without any strength of purpose, an easy prey to habits, one of the wrecks on which civilizationhas been reared. But that she could have sunk so low! Was it possible he had deceived himself so utterly about her? He remembered her outburst of that night and interpreted it in a harsher sense than he had ever done. He had no difficulty now in approving of the course he had taken.As the light failed and his memory began to wander he thought her handtouched his. The shock which had first attacked his stomach was now attacking his nerves. He put on his overcoat and hat quickly and went out. The cold air met him on the threshold; it crept into the sleeves of his coat. When he came to the public houseat Chapel Bridge he went in and ordered a hot punch.The proprietor served him obsequiously but did not venture to talk. There were five or six working-men in the shop discussing the value of a gentleman's e state in County Kildare. They drank at intervals from their huge pint tumblers, and smoked, spitting often on the floor and sometimes dragging the sawdust over their heavy boots. Mr. Duffy sat on his stool and gazed at them, without seeing o r hearing them. After a while they went out and he called for another punch. He sat a long time over it. The shop was very quiet. The proprietor sprawled on the counter reading the newspaper and yawning. Now and again a tram was heard swishing along the lonely road outside.As he sat there, living over his life with her and evoking alternately the two images on which he now conceived her, he realized that she was dead, that s he had ceased to exist, that she had become a memory. He began to feel ill at ea se. He asked himself what else could he have done. He could not have lived with her openly. He had done what seemed to him best. How was he to blame? Now that s he was gone he understood how lonely her life must have been, sitting night after night alone in that room. His life would be lonely too until he, too, died, ceased to exist, became a memory-if anyone remembered him.27.Mr. Duffy's immediate reaction to the report of the woman's death was that of___.A) disgustB) guilt C) griefD) compassion28.It can be inferred from the passage that the reporter wrote about the woman's death in a ___ manner.A) detailed B) provocativeC) discreet D) sensational29.We can infer from the last paragraph that Mr. Duffy was in a(n) ___ mood.A) angry C) irritable B) fretful D) remorseful30.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT t rue?A)Mr. Duffy once confided in the woman.B)Mr. Duffy felt an intense sense of shame.C)The woman wanted to end the relationship.D)They became estranged probably after a quarrel.SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING ( 10 MIN)In this section there are seven passages followed by ten multiple -choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on the Coloured Answer Sheet.TEXT EFirst read the following question.31.In the passage Bill Gates mainly discusses ___.A)a person's opportunity of a lifetimeB)the success of the computer industryC)the importance of educationD)high school education in the USNow go through TEXT E quickly and answer question 31.Hundreds of students send me e-mail each year asking for advice about education. They want to know what to study, or whether it's OK to drop out of college since that's what I did.My basic advice is simple and heartfelt." Get the best education you can. Take advantage of high school and college. Learn how to learn."It's true that I dropped out of college to start Microsoft, but I was at Harvard for three years before dropping out-and I'd love to have the time to go b a ck. As I've said before, nobody should drop out of college unless they believe they face the opportunity of a lifetime. And even then they should reconsider.The computer industry has lots of people who didn't finish college, but I 'm not aware of any success stories that began with somebody dropping out of high school.I actually don't know any high school dropouts, let alone any successful ones.In my company's early years we had a bright part-time programmer who threatened to drop out of high school to work full-time. We told him no.Quite a few of our people didn't finish college, but we discourage dropping out.College isn't the only place where information exists. You can learn in a library. But somebody handing you a book doesn't automatically foster learning. Y o u want to learn with other people, ask questions, try out ideas and have a way to test your ability. It usually takes more than just a book.Education should be broad, although it's fine to have deep interests, too.In high school there were periods when I was highly focused on writing soft ware, but for most of my high school years I had wide-ranging academic interests. My parents encouraged this, and I'm grateful that they did.One parent wrote me that her 15-year old son "lost himself in the hole of t he computer. ” He got an A in Web site design, but other grades were sinking, she said.This boy is making a mistake. High school and college offer you the best chance to learn broadly-math, history, various sciences-and to do projects with other kids that teach you firsthand about group dynamics. It's fine to take a deep interest in computers, dance, language or any other discipline, but not if it jeopardizes breadth.In college it's appropriate to think about specialization. Getting real expertise in an area of interest can lead to success. Graduate school is one way t o get specialized knowledge. Choosing a specialty isn't something high school students should worry about. They should worry about getting a strong academic start.There's not a perfect correlation between attitudes in high school and success in later life, of course. But it's a real mistake not to take the opportunity to learn a huge range of subjects, to learn to work with people in high school, and to get the grades that will help you get into a good college.TEXT FFirst read the following question.32.The passage focuses on ___.A)the history and future of LondonB)London?s manufacturing skillsC)London's status as a financial centrerD)the past and present roles of LondonNow go through Text F quickly and answer question 32.What is London for? To put the question another way, why was London, by 190 0, incomparably the largest city in the world, which it remained until the bombardments of the Luftwaffe? There could be many answers to this question, but any history of London will rehearse three broad explanations. One is the importance of its life as aport. When the Thames turned to ice in February 1855, 50,000 men were put out of work, and there were bread riots from those whose liveliboods had been frozen with the river. Today, the Thames could be frozen for a year with out endangering the livelihoods of any but a few pleasure-boatmen.The second major cause of London's wealth and success was that it was easily the biggest manufacturing centre in Europe. At the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, Dutch looms and the stocking knitting frame were first pioneered in London. The vast range of London's manufacturing skills is another fact; almost any item you can name was manufactured in London during the days of its prosperity. In 1851, 13.75 percent of the manufacturing work-force of Great Britain was based in London. By 1961, this had dramatically reduced. By 1993, there were a mere328,000 Londoners engaged in manufacturing. In other words, by our own time s, two of the chief reasons for London's very existence-its life as a pert and as a centre of manufacture-had dwindled out of existence.London's third great function, since the seventeenth century, has been that of national and international bourse: the exchange of stocks and shares, banking, commerce and, increasingly, insurance. Both In wood and Francis Sheppard, in London: A history, manage to make these potentially dry matters vivid to the general reader, and both authors assure us that "The City" in the financial sense is still as important as ever it was. Both, however, record the diminution of the City as an architectural and demographic entity, with the emptying of many city offices (since the advent of the computer much of the work can be done anywhere) and the removal of many distinctive landmarks.TEXT GFirst read the following question.33.The primary purpose of the passage is to ___.A)discuss the impact of the internetB)forecast the future roles of the bookstoreC)compare the publisher with the editorD)evaluate the limitations of the printed pageNow go through TEXT G quickly and answer question 33.Since the advent of television people have been prophesying the death of the book. Now the rise of the World Wide Web seems to have revived this smoldering controversy from the ashes. The very existence of paper copy has been broughtinto question once more. It might be the bookstore, rather than the book itself, thatis on the brink of extinction. Many of you will have noted tom of bookseller websites。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
图书名称：2008临床执业医师过关必做3000题作者：《中华医学学习网》执业医师资格考试辅导专家组出版社：中国石化出版社出版时间： 2008-5-1原价：￥39.8圣才价：￥27.1折扣：68节省：￥12.7内容简介目录前言注：随书赠送20元《圣才学习卡》，可登录中华医学学习网免费下载各种考试辅导资料！！2000年临床执业医师考试真题及答案（第四单元）A1型选择题（1-82题）答题说明每一道考试题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。
请从中选择一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应题号的相应字母所属的方框涂黑。
1．下列临床表现最有利于有机磷农药中毒诊断的是A．紫绀B．昏迷C．气急D．蒜臭E．腹泻2．造成宫颈粘液涂片干后镜下见羊齿状结晶的激素是A．雌激素B．孕激素C．雄激素D．催乳激素E．甲状腺素3．早期妊娠的确诊依据是A．停经史B．早孕反应C．尿妊娠试验D．黑加征E．B型超声检查4．确定胎儿安危最简便而准确的方法是A．催产素激惹试验B．胎动计数C．尿雌三醇测定D．胎儿电子监护E．羊膜镜检查5．孕妇尿中与胎儿胎盘单位功能关系密切的激素是A．雌酮B．雌二醇C．雌三醇D．孕酮E．睾酮6．了解胎儿成熟度最常用的检查项目是A．检测羊水中卵磷脂/鞘磷脂比值B．检测羊水中肌酐值C．检测羊水中胆红素类物质D．检测羊水中淀粉酶值E．B型超声检查胎儿双顶径值7．分娩中协助胎先露在盆腔中内旋转的肌肉是A．子宫平滑肌B．会阴浅横肌C．会阴深横肌D．肛门括约肌E．盆底肛提肌8．关于枕先露的分娩机转，正确的是A．胎头进入骨盆人口时以枕下前囟径衔接B．胎头降至骨盆底时开始俯屈C．当胎头在中骨盆开始内旋转D．宫缩和腹压促使胎头仰伸E．分娩过程中胎头呈持续性下降9．临产开始的标志，错误的是A．规律宫缩B．子宫颈管展平C．宫颈扩张D．见红E．胎先露部下降10．新生儿娩出后首先应A．断脐B．擦洗新生儿面部C．清理呼吸道D．刺激新生儿足部E．抓紧娩出胎盘及胎膜11．哺乳期妇女避孕应在产后A．6周B．12周C18周D．24周E．30周12．妊娠高血压综合征的基本病变为A．肾素-血管紧张素-前列腺素系统平衡失调B．慢性弥散性血管内凝血C．血液高度浓缩D．水钠严重潴留E．全身小动脉痉挛13．与前置胎盘的发生无关的是A．妊娠高血压综合征B．双胎妊娠C．多次刮宫D．胎盘面积过大E．受精卵滋养层发育迟缓14．羊水过少是指妊娠晚期羊水量少于A．500mlB．400mlC．300m1D．200m1E．100ml15．抢救羊水栓塞的首要措施是A．纠正DIC及继发纤溶B．纠正呼吸循环衰竭C．纠正肾功衰竭D．立即终止妊娠E．切除子宫16．属于癌前病变的外阴白色病变是A．增生型营养不良B．硬化苔癣型营养不良C．混合型营养不良D．营养不良伴有上皮不典型增生E．白癫风17．外阴硬化苔癣型营养不良的治疗，目前不主张采用的方法是A．口服脱敏药物B．手术治疗C．禁用刺激性药物擦洗D．激光治疗E．局部用药18．滴虫阴道炎的白带性状呈A．稠厚豆渣样B．血性C．脓性D．稀薄泡沫状E．白色均匀稀薄19．滴虫阴道炎的治愈标准是A．临床症状消失B．局部用药3个疗程C．连续3次月经后检查滴虫阴性D．连续3次月经前检查滴虫阴性E．治疗后悬滴法检查滴虫阴性20．老年性阴道炎的治疗可在阴道内放置少量A．孕激素B．雌激素C．雄激素D．糖皮质激素E．促性腺激素21．女性生殖器结核的病理变化，正确的是A．输卵管结核多为双侧性，由子宫内膜结核蔓延而来B．卵巢结核通常是卵巢深部形成结节和干酪样坏死C．子宫内膜结核可使子宫腔粘连、变形、缩小D．宫颈结核在生殖道结核中最常见E．盆腔腹膜结核分粘连型和渗出型，粘连型不易形成瘘管22．淋病的临床表现，正确的是A．急性淋病在淋菌侵入14天后发病B．急性淋病包括上生殖道和下生殖道感染C．上生殖道感染半数通过血行传播D．妇女感染淋病后多无症状E．急性淋菌性盆腔炎多在月经期或经后1周内发病23．子宫内膜癌的首选治疗方法是A．手术治疗B．手术、放射联合治疗C．放射治疗D．激素治疗E．化学治疗24．晚期卵巢癌的首选治疗方法是A．肿瘤切除术B．肿瘤细胞减灭术+化学治疗C．激素治疗D．化学治疗E．放射治疗25．能引起子宫内膜增生过长的卵巢肿瘤是A．成熟囊性畸胎瘤B．卵泡膜细胞瘤C．内膜样肿瘤D．内胚窦瘤E．浆液性囊腺瘤26．宫颈鳞状上皮化提示为A．宫颈原位癌B．宫颈上皮内瘤样病变C．宫颈未分化储备细胞增生D．宫颈糜烂愈合过程E．人乳头状瘤病毒感染27．宫颈癌的临床表现不包括A．绝经后阴道出血B．阴道排液C．接触性阴道出血D．不孕E．血性白带28．应用抗癌药物疗效最佳的是A．原发性卵巢癌B．卵巢转移癌C．子宫颈癌D．子宫内膜癌E．绒毛膜癌29．最适于进行输卵管结扎术的时间是A．月经来潮前3-4天B．足月产后4天C．难产后72天D．人流后3天E．月经后3-4天30．人工流产吸宫术适用于A．妊娠14周B．急性生殖道炎症C．各种慢性疾病的急性期D．手术当天体温两次超过37.5CE．妊娠剧吐31．新生儿开始排便的时间常为生后A．24小时B．36小时C．48小时D．60小时E．72小时32．新生儿生理性体重下降发生在出生后A．第1周B．第2周C．第3周D．第4周E．第5周33．小儿语言发育三个阶段的顺序是A．发音、理解、表达B．理解、表达、发音C．表达、理解、发音D．听觉、发音、理解E．模仿、表达、理解34．小儿有牙18个，会用汤匙吃饭，能说2-3字拼成的短语，其年龄为A．1岁B．1岁半C．2岁D．2岁半E．3岁35．患儿，1岁，因食欲差，母乳少，以米糊、稀饭喂养，未添加其他辅食，诊断为营养不良1度。
最先出现的症状是A．身长低于正常B．体重不增C．皮肤干燥D．皮下脂肪减少E．肌张力低下36．女婴，8个月，诊断为中度营养不良。
开始供给热量每日应为A．250kJ／kg（60kcal／kg）B．300kJ／kg（70kcal／kg）C．340kJ／kg（80kcal／kg）D．375kJ／kg（90kcal／kg）E．420kJ／kg（100kcal／kg）37．维生素D缺乏性佝偻病不正确的预防措施是A．适当多晒太阳D．提倡母乳喂养C．孕母补充维生素D及钙剂D．及时添加辅食E．早产儿2个月开始补充维生素D38．新生儿胆红素脑病早期的主要临床特征是A．体温升高、体重减轻B．呼吸困难、发绀明显C．肢体痉挛、角弓反张D．前囟隆起、骨缝分离E．拒乳、嗜睡、肌张力低39．新生儿出生体重3．2kg．生后48小时血清总胆红素257mmol/L（15mg/dl），结合胆红素34．2mmol/L（2mg／dl）。
首选治疗方案是A．光照治疗B．抗生素疗法C．肌注苯巴比妥钠D．换血疗法E．应用利尿剂40．患儿1岁半。
发热4天，热退后全身出现红色斑丘疹。
其诊断是A．风疹B．幼儿急疹C．猩红热D．麻疹E．水痘41．麻疹早期诊断最有意义的临床表现是A．发热、流涕、咳嗽B．有感冒接触史C．耳后淋巴结肿大D．手、足出现红色斑丘疹E．Koplik斑42．小儿上呼吸道感染的主要病原是A．呼吸道合胞病毒B．肺炎链球菌C．肺炎支原体D．衣原体E．轮状病毒43．脊髓灰质炎的瘫痪特点是A．对称性迟缓性瘫痪，有感觉障碍B．对称性迟缓性瘫痪，无感觉障碍C．不对称性迟缓性瘫痪，有感觉障碍D．不对称性迟缓性瘫痪，无感觉障碍E．双下肢痉挛性瘫痪，无感觉障碍44．不符合风湿热诊断标准的主要表现是A．发热B．游走性多发性关节炎C．舞蹈病D．皮下结节E．环形红班45．观察小儿结核菌素试验结果的时间是A．73~96小时B．48~72小时C．24？？？？？？~47小时D．12~23小时E．1~11小时46．男孩，5岁。
患有结核病，但结核菌素试验阴性。
可见于A．合并上呼吸道感染B．抗结核治疗1周C．接种白百破三联疫苗后D．粟粒型肺结核E．颈淋巴腺结核47．结核性脑膜炎早期症状的特点不包括A．表情淡漠，好哭，嗜睡B．低热，盗汗，食欲减退C．便秘，性情改变D．头痛，呕吐E．反复惊厥48．氯化钾静滴浓度不得超过A．0．1％B．0．3％C．0．6％D．0．9％E．1．2％49．小儿腹泻时口服补液盐（ORS液）的电解质渗透压是含钠液的A．1／4张B．1／3张C．2／5张D．1／2张E．2／3张50．引起脓胸最常见的病原菌是A．肠球菌B．肺炎链球菌C．溶血性链球菌D．流感嗜血杆菌E．金黄色葡萄球菌51．关于小儿免疫系统，错误的是A．新生儿时期各种T细胞亚群功能均显不足B．新生儿B淋巴细胞发育已完善C．IgG不能通过胎盘D．脐血IgM水平过高，提示可能有宫内感染E．小儿血清补体浓度在生后6—12月达成人水平52．B细胞免疫功能测定的常用方法是A．外周血淋巴细胞计数B．免疫球蛋白测定C．血清补体测定D．抗“O”试验E．嗜异凝集试验53．婴幼儿哮喘最基本的治疗方法是应用A．局部糖皮质激素B．全身糖皮质激素C．β2肾上腺素能受体激动剂D．茶碱类药物E．细胞膜稳定剂54．法洛四联症患者青紫的程度主要取决于A．肺动脉狭窄的程度B．室间隔缺损的大小C．室间隔缺损的部位D．主动脉骑跨的程度E．右心室肥厚的程度55．女孩，7岁。
因浮肿、尿少3-4天人院。
体检：眼睑浮肿。
尿检：蛋白+，红细胞++．血压140／100mmHg．可能诊断为A．急性肾炎B．尿路感染C．单纯性肾病D．肾炎性肾病E．急进性肾炎56．小儿出生后正常情况下造血器官主要是A．卵黄囊B．中胚叶C．肝脏D．骨髓E．脾脏57．婴儿生理性贫血的时间是出生后A．1个月B．2~3个月C．4~6个月D．7~9个月E．10个月后58．不是预防小儿营养性缺铁性贫血的措施是A．提倡母乳喂养B．牛乳喂养应加热C．铁强化婴幼儿食品D．早产儿早期补铁E．早产儿补足维生素B1259．男孩，1岁半。
平日偏食，常有腹泻、咳嗽，已会独立行走，玩耍正常。
近2个月来面色苍黄，逗之不笑，时有头部、肢体颤抖，不能独站。
外周血象：血红蛋白100g/L，红细胞2．5×1012/L，白细胞数4×109／L，中性粒细胞分叶过多。
本例可诊断为A．营养不良伴低钙血症B．慢性腹泻伴低钙血症C．缺铁性贫血伴低钙血症D．营养性巨幼红细胞贫血E．营养性缺铁性贫血60．不支持新生儿化脓性脑膜炎临床表现的是A．苦笑面容B．吐奶C．面色青灰、发绀D．拒食、少动E．黄疽61．新生儿先天性甲状腺功能减低症的典型实验室检查结果是A．T4↓、TSH正常B．T4↑、TSH正常C．T4↓、TSH↑D．T4↑、TSH↓E．T4↑、TSH↑62．《执业医师法》规定，医师在执业活动中应履行的义务之一是A．在注册的执业范围内，选择合理的医疗、预防、保健方案B．从事医学研究、学术交流，参加专业学术团体C．参加专业培训，接受继续医学教育D．努力钻研业务，更新知识，提高专业水平E．获得工资报酬和津贴，享受国家规定的福利待遇63．《传染病防治法》规定，传染病暴发、流行时，当地政府应当A．立即组织力量进行防治，切断传染病的传播途径B．限制或者停止集市、集会C．停业、停工、停课D．临时征用房屋、交通工具E．宣布疫区64．《医疗机构管理条例》规定，医疗机构不得使用非卫生技术人员从事的工作为A．医疗后勤服务B．医疗卫生技术C．医院安全保卫D．医院财务审计E．医疗器械采购65．《母婴保健法》规定的孕产期保健服务不包括A．母婴保健指导B．孕妇、产妇保健C．胎儿保健D．胎儿性别诊断E．新生儿保健66．患者，女，34岁。