数学公式的英文表达
数学常用词汇中英对照
数学常用词汇中英⽂文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的divide by被整除dividend被除数divisor因⼦子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘⽅方radical sign,root sign根号round to四舍五⼊入tothenearest四舍五⼊入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真⼦子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、⽅方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三⾓角不等式range值域original equation原⽅方程equivalent equation同解⽅方程等价⽅方程linear equation线性⽅方程4.有关分数和⼩小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分⼦子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最⼩小)公分母quarter四分之⼀一decimal fraction纯⼩小数infinite decimal⽆无穷⼩小数recurring decimal循环⼩小数tenths' digit⼗〸十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean⼏几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube⽴立⽅方数，⽴立⽅方体square root平⽅方根cube root⽴立⽅方根common logarithm常⽤用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear⼀一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五⼊入6.有关数论natural number⾃自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real number,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)⽆无理数inverse倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最⼩小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因⼦子common factor公因⼦子ordinary scale,decimal scale⼗〸十进制nonnegative⾮非负的tens⼗〸十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公⽐比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等⽐比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针⽅方向cardinal基数ordinal序数direct proportion正⽐比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion⽐比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三⾓角函数unit单位,位⼏几何部分1.所有的⾓角alternate angle内错⾓角corresponding angle同位⾓角vertical angle对顶⾓角central angle圆⼼心⾓角interior angle内⾓角exterior angle外⾓角supplementary angles补⾓角complementary angle余⾓角adjacent angle邻⾓角acute angle锐⾓角obtuse angle钝⾓角right angle直⾓角round angle周⾓角straight angle平⾓角included angle夹⾓角2.所有的三⾓角形equilateral triangle等边三⾓角形scalene triangle不等边三⾓角形isosceles triangle等腰三⾓角形right triangle直⾓角三⾓角形oblique斜三⾓角形inscribed triangle内接三⾓角形3.有关收敛的平⾯面图形，除三⾓角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同⼼心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon⼋八边形nonagon九边形decagon⼗〸十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平⾏行四边形equilateral等边形plane平⾯面square正⽅方形，平⽅方rectangle长⽅方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平⾯面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平⾏行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关⽴立体图形cube⽴立⽅方体，⽴立⽅方数rectangular solid长⽅方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多⾯面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid⽴立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude⾼高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表⾯面积volume体积arm直⾓角三⾓角形的股cross section横截⾯面center of a circle圆⼼心chord弦radius半径angle bisector⾓角平分线diagonal对⾓角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid⽴立体的⾯面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三⾓角形的直⾓角边median of a triangle三⾓角形的中线base底边，底数opposite直⾓角三⾓角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直⾓角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平⾯面8. 其它plane geometry平⾯面⼏几何trigonometry三⾓角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1、单位类cent美分penny⼀一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime⼀一⾓角硬币dozen打（12个）score廿(20个)Centigrade摄⽒氏Fahrenheit华⽒氏quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码meter⽶米micron微⽶米inch英⼨寸foot英尺minute分(⾓角度的度量单位，60分=1度) square measure平⽅方单位制cubic meter⽴立⽅方⽶米pint品脱(⼲干量或液量的单位)2.有关⽂文字叙述题，主要是有关商业intercalary year(leap year)闰年(366天) common year平年(365天) depreciation折旧down payment直接付款discount打折margin利润profit利润interest利息simple interest单利compounded interest复利dividend红利decrease to减少到decrease by减少了increase to增加到increase by增加了denote表⽰示list price标价markup涨价per capita每⼈人ratio⽐比率retail price零售价tie打平集合与简易逻辑集合（集）set ⾮非负整数集the set of all non-negative integers ⾃自然数集the set of all natural numbers正整数集the set of all positive integers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers实数集the set of all real numbers元素element属于belong to不属于not belong to有限集finite set⽆无限集infinite set空集empty set包含inclusion, include包含于lie in⼦子集subset真⼦子集proper subset补集（余集）complementary set全集universe交集intersection并集union偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value⼀一元⼆二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality逻辑logic逻辑联结词logic connective或or且and⾮非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition充分条件sufficient condition必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition ……的充要条件是……… if and only if …函数函数function⾃自变量argument定义域domain值域range区间interval闭区间closed interval开区间open interval函数的图象graph of function映射mapping象image原象inverse image单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function单调区间monotone interval反函数inverse function指数exponent根式radical根指数radical exponent被开⽅方数radicand指数函数exponential function对数logarithm常⽤用对数common logarithm⾃自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number⽆无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmetic progression ，arithmetic series 公差common difference等差中项arithmetic mean等⽐比数列 geometric series/progression公⽐比common ratio等⽐比中项geometric mean三⾓角函数三⾓角函数trigonometric function始边initial side终边terminal side正⾓角positive angle负⾓角negative angle零⾓角zero angle象限⾓角quadrant angle弧度radian弧度制radian measure⾓角度制degree measure正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula正弦曲线sine curve余弦曲线cosine curve最⼤大值maximum最⼩小值minimum周期period最⼩小正周期minimal positive period周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency相位phase初相initial phase 反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent平⾯面向量有向线段directed line segment数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector相等向量equal vector共线向量collinear vectors平⾏行向量parallel vectors向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar 单位向量unit vector基底base基向量base vectors平移translation数量积inner product正弦定理sine theorem余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean⼏几何平均数geometric mean⽐比较法method of compare综合法method of synthesis分析法method of analysis直线倾斜⾓角angle of inclination斜率gradient点斜式point slope form截距intercept斜截式 gradient intercept form两点式two-point form⼀一般式general form夹⾓角included angle线性规划linear programming约束条件constraint condition⽬目标函数 objective function可⾏行域feasible region最优解optimal solution圆锥曲线曲线curve坐标法method of coordinate解析⼏几何analytic geometry笛卡⼉儿Descartes标准⽅方程standard equation⼀一般⽅方程general equation参数⽅方程parameter equation参数parameter圆锥曲线point conic椭圆ellipse焦点focus, focal points代数部分1、有关基本运算add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply, times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的divided evenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因⼦子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘⽅方radical sign, root sign根号round to四舍五⼊入to the nearest四舍五⼊入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真⼦子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms, similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三⾓角不等式range值域original equation原⽅方程equivalent equation同解⽅方程等价⽅方程linear equation线性⽅方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22) 4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分⼦子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最⼩小)公分母quarter四分之⼀一decimal fraction纯⼩小数infinite decimal⽆无穷⼩小数recurring decimal循环⼩小数tenths unit⼗〸十分位5.基本数学概arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean⼏几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube⽴立⽅方数，⽴立⽅方体square root平⽅方根cube root⽴立⽅方根common logarithm常⽤用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inverse function反函数complementary function余函数linear⼀一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，e.g.|-32|=32round off四舍五⼊入6.有关数论natural number⾃自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer, odd number奇数even integer, even number偶数integer, whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数real number, rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)⽆无理数inverse倒数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最⼩小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因⼦子common factor公因⼦子ordinary scale, decimal scale⼗〸十进制nonnegative⾮非负的tens⼗〸十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公⽐比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等⽐比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针⽅方向cardinal基数ordinal序数direct proportion正⽐比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion⽐比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三⾓角函数unit单位,位几 何 部 分1.所有的角alternate angle内错⾓角corresponding angle同位⾓角vertical angle对顶⾓角central angle圆⼼心⾓角interior angle内⾓角exterior angle外⾓角supplement angles补⾓角complement angle余⾓角adjacent angle邻⾓角acute angle锐⾓角obtuse angle钝⾓角right angle直⾓角round angle周⾓角straight angle平⾓角included angle夹⾓角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三⾓角形scalene triangle不等边三⾓角形isosceles triangle等腰三⾓角形right triangle直⾓角三⾓角形oblique斜三⾓角形inscribed triangle内接三⾓角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同⼼心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon⼋八边形nonagon九边形decagon⼗〸十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平⾏行四边形equilateral等边形plane平⾯面square正⽅方形，平⽅方rectangle长⽅方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line, straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平⾏行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube⽴立⽅方体，⽴立⽅方数rectangular solid长⽅方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多⾯面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid⽴立体的6.有关图形上的附属物 altitude⾼高depth深度side边长circumference, perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表⾯面积volume体积arm直⾓角三⾓角形的股cross section横截⾯面center of a circle圆⼼心chord弦radius半径angle bisector⾓角平分线diagonal对⾓角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid⽴立体的⾯面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三⾓角形的直⾓角边median of a triangle三⾓角形的中线base底边，底数(e.g.2的5次⽅方，2就是底数) opposite直⾓角三⾓角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直⾓角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平⾯面8.其它plane geometry平⾯面⼏几何trigonometry三⾓角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直Pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的焦距focal length major/minor axis长／短轴eccentricity离⼼心率hyperbola双曲线real axis实轴imaginary axis虚轴asymptote渐近线parabola抛物线directrix准线。
英文介绍数学公式
英文介绍数学公式：轻松掌握基础与进阶技巧在英文世界中，数学公式是沟通数学概念和逻辑关系的重要工具。
下面，我们将一起探索一些常见的数学公式，并了解如何在英文中准确地介绍它们。
1. 基本数学公式（1）加法公式：Addition Formula当我们需要计算两个或多个数的总和时，可以使用加法公式。
例如，3 + 4 = 7，在英文中表达为 "Three plus four equals seven."（2）减法公式：Subtraction Formula减法公式用于计算两个数之间的差值。
例如，8 5 = 3，可以表述为 "Eight minus five equals three."（3）乘法公式：Multiplication Formula乘法公式用于计算两个或多个数的乘积。
例如，6 × 7 = 42，英文表达为 "Six multiplied seven equals fortytwo."（4）除法公式：Division Formula除法公式用于计算一个数被另一个数除的结果。
例如，21 ÷ 3 = 7，可以表述为 "Twentyone divided three equals seven."2. 进阶数学公式（1）平方公式：Square Formula平方公式用于计算一个数的平方。
例如，x² 表示 x 的平方，在英文中表达为 "x squared."（2）平方根公式：Square Root Formula平方根公式用于求解一个数的平方根。
例如，√16 = 4，可以表述为 "The square root of sixteen is four."（3）指数公式：Exponential Formula指数公式用于表示一个数的幂次方。
例如，2^3 = 8，英文表达为"Two raised to the power of three equals eight."2. 高级数学公式及其应用（1）三角函数公式：Trigonometric Functions在解决几何问题时，三角函数公式尤为重要。
数学公式 英文表示
1.Logic∃ there exist∀ for allp⇒q p implies q / if p, then qp⇔q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Setsx∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax∉A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A⊂B A is contained in B / A is a subset of BA⊃B A contains B / B is a subset of AA∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection BA∪B A cup B / A join B / A union BA\B A minus B / the diference between A and BA×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B3. Real numbersx+1 x plus onex-1 x minus onex±1 x plus or minus onexy xy / x multiplied by y(x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus yx y x over y= the equals signx = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) yx ≡ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) yx > y x is greater than yx≥y x is greater than or equal to yx < y x is less than yx≤y x is less than or equal to y0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 10≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1| x | mod x / modulus xx 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x 3 x cubedx 4 x to the fourth / x to the power fourx n x to the nth / x to the power nx −n x to the (power) minus nx (square) root x / the square root of xx 3 cube root (of) xx 4 fourth root (of) xx n nth root (of) x( x+y ) 2 x plus y all squared( x y ) 2 x over y all squaredn! n factorialx ^ x hatx ¯ x barx ˜ x tildex i xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i∑ i=1 n a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the a i4. Linear algebra‖ x ‖ the norm (or modulus) of xOA → OA / vector OAOA ¯ OA / the length of the segment OAA T A transpose / the transpose of AA −1 A inverse / the inverse of A5. Functionsf( x ) fx / f of x / the function f of xf:S→T a function f from S to Tx→y x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to yf'( x ) f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to xf''( x ) f double-prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to x f'''( x ) triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to xf (4) ( x ) f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x∂f∂ x 1 the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1∂ 2 f ∂ x 1 2 the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1∫ 0 ∞ the integral from zero to infinitylim x→0 the limit as x approaches zerolim x→ 0 + the limit as x approaches zero from abovelim x→ 0 − the limit as x approaches zero from belowlog e y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) ylny log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y+plus加号；正号-minus减号；负号±plus or minus正负号×is multiplied by乘号÷is divided by除号＝is equal to等于号≠is not equal to不等于号≡is equivalent to全等于号≌is equal to or approximately equal to等于或约等于号≈is approximately equal to约等于号＜is less than小于号＞is greater than大于号≮is not less than不小于号≯is not more than不大于号≤is less than or equal to小于或等于号≥is more than or equal to大于或等于号%per cent百分之…‰per mill千分之…∞infinity无限大号∝varies as与…成比例√(square) root平方根∵since; because因为∴hence所以∷equals, as (proportion)等于，成比例∠angle角⌒semicircle半圆⊙circle圆○circumference圆周πpi 圆周率△triangle三角形⊥perpendicular to垂直于∪union of并，合集∩intersection of 交，通集∫the integral of …的积分∑(sigma) summation of总和°degree度′minute分″second秒℃Celsius system摄氏度{open brace, open curly左花括号}close brace, close curly右花括号(open parenthesis, open paren左圆括号)close parenthesis, close paren右圆括号() brakets/ parentheses括号[open bracket 左方括号]close bracket 右方括号[] square brackets方括号.period, dot句号，点|vertical bar, vertical virgule竖线&ersand, and, reference, ref和，引用*asterisk, multiply, star, pointer星号，乘号，星，指针/slash, divide, oblique 斜线，斜杠，除号//slash-slash, comment 双斜线，注释符#pound井号\backslash, sometimes escape反斜线转义符，有时表示转义符或续行符~tilde波浪符.full stop句号,comma逗号:colon冒号;semicolon分号?question mark问号!exclamation mark (英式英语) exclamation point (美式英语)'apostrophe撇号-hyphen连字号-- dash 破折号...dots/ ellipsis省略号"single quotation marks 单引号""double quotation marks 双引号‖ parallel 双线号&ersand = and～swung dash 代字号§section; division 分节号→arrow 箭号；参见号。
不同数学公式的英文表达法
1.Logic∃there exist∀for allp ⇒q p implies q / if p, then qp ⇔q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Setsx ∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax ∉ A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A ⊂B A is contained in B / A is a subset of BA ⊃B A contains B / B is a subset of AA ∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection BA ∪B A cup B / A join B / A union BA \B A minus B / the diference between A and BA ×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B3. Real numbersx+1 x plus onex-1 x minus onex ± 1 x plus or minus onexy xy / x multiplied by y(x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus yx y x over y= the equals signx = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x ≠ 5 x (is) not equal to 5x ≡ y x is equivalent to (or identical with) yx ≡ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) yx > y x is greater than yx ≥ y x is greater than or equal to yx < y x is less than yx ≤ y x is less than or equal to y0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 10 ≤ x ≤ 1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1| x | mod x / modulus xx 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x 3 x cubedx 4 x to the fourth / x to the power fourx n x to the nth / x to the power nx − n x to the (power) minus nx (square) root x / the square root of xx 3 cube root (of) xx 4 fourth root (of) xx n nth root (of) x( x + y ) 2 x plus y all squared( x y ) 2 x over y all squaredn! n factorialx ^ x hatx ¯x barx ˜ x tildex i xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i∑ i = 1 n a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the a i4. Linear algebra‖ x ‖ the norm (or modulus) of xO A → OA / vector OAO A ¯OA / the length of the segment OAA T A transpose / the transpose of AA − 1 A inverse / the inverse of A5. Functionsf ( x ) fx / f of x / the function f of xf : S → T a function f from S to Tx → y x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to yf ' ( x ) f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to xf ' ' ( x ) f double-prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to xf ' ' ' ( x ) triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to xf ( 4 ) ( x ) f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x∂ f ∂ x 1 the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1∂ 2 f ∂ x 1 2 the second partial (derivat ive) of f with respect to x1∫ 0 ∞ the integral from zero to infinitylim x → 0 the limit as x approaches zerolim x → 0 + the limit as x approaches zero from abovelim x → 0 − the limit as x approaches zero from belowlog e y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) yln y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y。
数学公式的英文表达
1.Logic∃there ex ist∀for allp⇒q p implies q / if p, then qp⇔q p if and onl y if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equi v alent 2.Setsx∈A x bel ongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax∉A x does not bel ong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of A A⊂B A is c ontained in B / A is a subset of BA⊃B A c ontains B / B is a subs et of AA∩B A cap B / A meet B / A i ntersec tion BA∪B A c up B / A join B / A union BA\B A minus B / the diference between A and BA×B A cross B / the cartesi an product of A and B3. Real numbersx+1 x plus onex-1 x minus onex±1 x plus or minus onexy xy / x multiplied by y(x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus yx y x ov er y= the equals signx = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x≠5 x (is) not equal t o 5x≡y x is equi valent to (or identical with) yx ≡ y x is not equi v al ent to (or i dentical with) yx > y x is greater than yx≥y x is greater than or equal to yx < y x is l ess than yx≤y x is less than or equal to y0 < x < 1 z ero is less than x is l ess than 10≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1| x | mod x / modulus xx 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x 3 x cubedx 4 x to the fourth / x to the power fourx n x to the nth / x to the power nx −n x to the (power) minus nx(square) root x / the squar e root of xx 3 cube root (of) xx 4 fourth r oot (of) xx n nth root (of) x( x+y ) 2 x plus y all squared( x y ) 2 x over y all squaredn! n factorialx ^ x hatx ¯x barx ˜x tildex i x i / x subscript i / x suffix i / x s ub i∑ i=1 n a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the a i 4. Li near algebra‖x‖the nor m (or modulus) of xOA → OA / vector OAOA ¯OA / the length of the s egment OAA T A transpose / the tr anspose of AA −1 A i nv erse / the inverse of A5. Functionsf( x ) fx / f of x / the func tion f of xf:S→T a function f from S to Tx→y x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to yf'( x ) f pri me x / f das h x / the (first) deri v ati ve of f with respect to xf''( x ) f doubl e-prime x / f doubl e-das h x / the sec ond derivati v e of f with res pect to x f'''( x ) triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third deri v ati ve of f with respect to xf (4) ( x ) f four x / the fourth deri v ati ve of f with respect to x∂f ∂ x 1 the partial (deri v ati ve) of f with res pec t to x1∂ 2 f ∂ x 1 2 the s econd par tial (derivati v e) of f with respect to x1∫ 0 ∞ the integral from zero to infinitylim x→0 the li mit as x approaches zerolim x→ 0 + the li mit as x approaches zero from abovelim x→ 0 − the li mit as x approach es zero from belowlog e y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural l og (of) ylny log y to the base e / l og to the bas e e of y / natural log (of) y一般词汇数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理ax i om定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prov e假设hypothesis, hypothes es(pl.)命题propositi on算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), additi on(n.)被加数augend, s ummand加数addend和sum减minus(pr ep.), s ubtract(v.), subtracti on(n.) 被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multipl y(v.), multi plication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faci end乘数multiplicator积produc t除div ided by(prep.), div i de(v.), di v ision(n.)被除数div idend除数div isor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equi valent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or less er than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denomi nator比ratio正positi v e负negati v e零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal s y stem二进制binar y s y stem十六进制hex adeci mal s y stem权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncati on四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formul a, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式pol y nomi al, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unk nown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equati on二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equati on不等式inequati on阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evoluti on, ex trac tion二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根the root of n, the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集v oi d子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数functi on定义域domain, field of definition值域range常量constant变量v ariable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) i nfinity(n.)无穷小infinitesi mal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefi nite i ntegral有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginar y number复数complex number矩阵matri x行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagor ean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle 等边三角形equilateral triangle平行四边形parallelogram 矩形rectangle长length宽width。
数学公式的英文读法
x
1
y y
y
xy / x multiplied by y x
x
x
x
y
y
x
the equals sign x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 x (is) not equal to 5
x
5
1
5
x 5
x
x ≡ y
x≡y
x is equivalent to (or identical with) y
x
x
y
n! x ˆ x ¯ x ˜ xi
i
x
n i=1
ai
the sum from i equals one to n ai / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the ai
a
a
4. Linear algebra x − − → OA OA AT A−1 the norm (or modulus) of x OA / vector OA
x
OA
x
OA
OA / the length of the segment OA A transpose / the transpose of A A inverse / the inverse of A A 2
OA
A A
A
5. Functions f (x) x → y f (x) f (x) f (x) f (4) (x) ∂f ∂ x1 ∂2f ∂ x2 1 ∞
x
x
the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1 f the integral from zero to infinity the limit as x approaches zero the limit as x approaches zero from above the limit as x approaches zero from below
数学符号-希腊字母-公式英文发音和书写
Copyright 2020 by Prof. Hailiang Xiong
2020 c 5 10 F
1 \~¦Ø
Symbol +
× · ÷ /
Speak plus or positive minus or negative multiplies or times
the fraction x squared over a squared plus the fraction y squared over b squared equals 1 a x squared plus b x y plus c y squared plus d x plus e y plus f equals zero
y prime f prime of x nth derivative with respect to x of y
y to the nth prime p prime or first derivative of p p double prime or second derivative of p partial derivative of u with respect to x or partial u over partial x a sub ij
18
F1i1 Ñ\•{
Symbol α δ η κ ν π τ χ
Code \alpha \delta
\eta \kappa
\nu \pi \tau \chi
Symbol β
θ λ ξ lon \theta \lambda
\xi \rho \upsilon \psi
7 “ê(1)
Expression a − (b − c) a − (−b − c)
数学常用词汇中英对照
数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1.有关基本运算add. plus加subtract 减difference 差multiply.time s 乘product 积divide 除divisible可被整除的divide by被整除dividend被除数divisor因了除数quotient 商remainder 余数factorial 阶乗geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数.券base乘辑的底数.底边cube立方数、立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常圧对数digit数字constant 常数variable 变量inversefunction 反函数complementary function余函数linear-次的，线性的factorization 因式分解absolute value绝对值，round off四舍五入power乘方radical sign.root sign根号round to四舍五入totlienearest 四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number 正数negative number负数2.有关集合union并集proper subset宾了-集solution set解集odd integer.odd number奇数even integer.even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms.similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation 同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程consecutive number连续整数realnumber.rational nunber实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse 倒数composite number合数prime number质数reciprocal 倒数common divisor公约数multiple 倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因了- common factor公因了・ordinary scale.decimal scale十进制4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction®分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction. common fraction 普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerate r 分了・denominator 分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之_ decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenths，digit十分位nonnegative 非负的tens十位units个位mode 众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progressionisequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate 近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal 基数5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值ordinal中数direct proportion 正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似line segment线段parentheses 括号parallel lines平行线proportion 比例segment of a circle弧形permutation 排列combination 组合5•有关立体图形table表格cube立方体、立方数trigonometric function三角函数rectangular solid长方体unit单位.位regular solid/regular pclyiiedron 正多面体几何部分circular cylinder圆柱体cone|31 锥1 .所有的角sphere球体alternate angle内错角solid立体的corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle对顶角6.有关图形上的附属物central angle圆心角altitude 高interior angle内角depth深度exterior angle 外角side边长supplementary angles补角circumference.perimeter 周长complementary angle余角radian弧度adjacent angle邻角surface area 表面积acute angle锐角volume体积obtuse angle钝角arm直角三角形的股right angle直角cross section横截面round angle 周角center of a circle圆心straight angle平角chord 弦included angle夹角radius半径2.所有的三角形angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线equilateral triangle等边三角形diameter 直径scalene triangle不等边三角形edge 梭isosceles triangle等腰三角形face of a solid立体的面right triangle直角三角形hypotenuse 斜边oblique斜三角形included side 夹边inscribed triangle内接三角形leg三角形的直角边3.有关收敛的平面图形.除三角形外median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边，底数semicircle 半圆opposite直角三角形中的对边concentric circles同心圆midpoint 中点quadrilateral 四边形endpoint 端点pentagon五边形vertex（复数形式vertices）顶点hexagon六边形tangent切线的heptagon t边形transversal 截线octagon八边形intercept 截距nonagon九边形decagon十边形7•有关坐标polygon多边形coordinate system坐标系parallelogram平行四边形rectangular coordinate直角坐标系equilateral 等边形origin原点plane平面abscissa横坐标square iE方形.平方ordinate纵坐标rectangle长方形number line数轴regular polygon正多边形quadrant 象限rhombus 菱形slope斜率trapezoid 梯形complex plane复平面4其它平面图形8.其它arc弧plane geometry平面几何line.straight line 直线trigonometry 三角学bisect平分非负整数集the set of all non-negat^e integers circumscribe 外切自然数集the set of all natural numbers inscribe 内切正整数集the set of all positive integers intersect相交整数集the set of all integersperpendicular 垂直有理数集the set of all rational numbers pytiiagorean theorem 勾股定理实数集the set of all real numberscongruent全等的元素elementmultilateral 多边的属于belong to1.单位类不属于not belong to 有限集finite setcent美分九限集infinite setpenny一美分硬币空集empty setnickels美分硬币包含inclusion, includedime一角硬币包含于lie indozen打（12个）了集subsetscore 廿（20 个）且了•集proper subsetCentigrade 摄氏补集（余集）complementary setFahrenheit 华氏全集universequart夸脱交集 intersectiongallon 加仑（1gallon=4quart）并集unionyard 码偶数集the set of all even numbersmeter 米奇数集the set of all odd numbersmicron微米含绝对值的不等式inch英寸inequality with absolute valuefoot英尺一元二次不等式minute分（角度的度量单位，60分=1度）one-variable quadratic inequalitysquare measure平方单位制逻辑logiccubic meter立方米逻辑联结词logic connectivepint品脱（干量或液量的单位）或or2.有关文字叙述题、主要是有关商业旦and 非notintercalary year（leap year）闰年（366天）真truecommon year平年（365天）假falsedepreciation 折旧真偵表truth tabledown payment直接付款原命題original propositiondiscount 打折逆命題converse propositionmargin利润否命題negative propositionprofit利涧逆否命題converse-negative propositioninterest 利息充分条件sufficient conditionsimple interest单利必要条件necessary conditioncompounded interest复利充要条件sufficient and necessary condition dividend 红利……的充要条件是……decrease to减少到... if and only if ...decrease by减少了increase to増加到函数increase by增加了函数functiondenote表示自变量argumentlist price标价定义域domainmarkup涨价偵域rangeper capit□每人区间intervalratio比率闭区间closed intervalretail price零侔价开区间open intervaltie打平函数的图象graph of function集合与简易逻辑映射mapping 象image 原象inverse image集合（集）set 单调monotone增函数increasing function减函数decreasing function 単调区间monotone interxal 反函数inverse function 指数exponent 根式radical 根指数radical exponent 被开方数radicand 指数函数exponential function 对数logarithm 常用对数common logarithm Q 然对数natural logarithm 对数函数logarithmic function 数列数歹ijsequence of number 项term 通项公式the formula of general term 有穷数列finite sequence of number 无穷数歹ijinfinite sequence of number 递推公式recurrence formula 等差数列arithmetic progression . arithmetic series 公差common difference 等差中项arithmetic mean 等比数列geometric series/progression 公比common ratio 等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function 始边initial side 终边terminal side 正角positive angle 负角negative angle 零角zero angle 象限角quadrant angle 弧度radian 弧度制radian measure 角度制degree measure 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent 余切cotangent 正割secant 余割c osecant 诱导公式induction formula 正弦曲线sine curve 余弦曲线cosine curve 最大fftmaximum 最小fftminimum 周期period 最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函数periodic function 抚］幅amplitude of vibration 频率frequency 相位phase 初相initial phase 反正弦arc sine 反余弦arc cosine 反正切arc tangent 平面向量有向线段directed line segment 数量scalar quantity 向量vector 零向量zero vector 相等向量equal vector 共线向量collinear vectors 平行向量parallel vectors 向量的数乘multiplication of vector by scalar 单位向量unit vector 基底base基向量base vectors 平移translation 数量积inner product 正弦定理sine theorem 余弦定理cosine theorem不等式算术平均数arithmetic rrean 几何平均数geometric mean 比较法method of compare 综合法method of synthesis 分析法method of analysis直线倾斜角angle of inclination 斜率gradient 点斜式point slope form 截距intercept 斜截式gradient interceot form 两点式tu'o-point form 一般式general form 夹角included angle 线性规划linear prograrrming 约束条件constraint condition 冃标函数objective function 可行infeasible region 最优解optimal solution 圆锥曲线曲线curve 坐标法method of coordinate 解析几何analytic geometry 笛卡儿Descartes 标准方程standard equation一股方程general equation 参数方程parameter equation 参数parameter 13锥曲线point conic 椭圆ellipse 焦点focus, focal pointscube root立方根/,审关迅肃common logarithm常圧对数add. plus加digit数字subtract 减constant 常数difference 差variable 变量multiply, times乘inverse function反函数product 积complementary function余函数divide 除linear-次的，线性的divisible可被整除的factorization 因式分解divided evenly被整除absolute value绝对值.e.g.|-32|=32dividend被除数round off四舍五人divisor因子、除数6名关以论quotient 商natural number fl 然数remainder 余数positive number 正数factorial 阶乗negative number负数power乘方odd integer, odd number奇数radical sign, root sign根号even integer, even number偶数round to四舍五入integer, whole number整数to the nearest四舍五入positive whole number正整数2彳关県金negative whole number负整数union并集consecutive number连续整数proper subset宾了-集real number, rational number实数,有理数solution set解集irrational(number)无理数3.4关代微R，方奴和系*武inverse 倒数algebraic term代数项composite number合数e.g.4,6.S t9.10t12.14.15 like terms, similar terms同类项prime number质数e.g.2,3.5,7,11,13.15 ...... numerical coefficient数字系数reciprocal 倒数literal coefficient字母系数common divisor公约数inequality 不等式multiple 倍数triangle inequality三角不等式(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数range值域(prime)factor(质)因子original equation原方程common factor公因了・equivalent equation 同解方程ordinary scale, decimal scale十进制等价方程nonnegative 非负的linear equation线性方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22) tens十位4 a关令微衣日,教units个位proper fraction真分数mode众数improper fraction假分数median中数mixed number带分数common ratio公比vulgar fraction. common fraction 普通分数7.數列simple fraction简分数arithmetic progressionisequence)等差数列complex fraction繁分数geometric progression(sequence)等比数列numerato r 分了・球空denominator 分母approximate 近似(least)common denominator(最小)公分母(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向quarter四分之_ cardinal 基数decimal fraction纯小数ordinal 序数infinite decimal无穷小数direct proportion lEkErecurring decimal循环小数distinct不同的tenths unit十分位estimation估计.近似parentheses 括号arithmetic mean算术平均值proportion 比例weighted average加权平均值permutation 排列geometric mean几何平均数combination 组合exponent指数、蒂table表格base乘雑的底数，底边trigonometric function三角函数cube立方数.立方体unit单位.位square root平方根几倒都含7.所】的有alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角centralangle|3|心角interior angle内角exterior angle 外角supplement angles补角complement angle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle 周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2所彳的三角怡equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形彳关就孜的単血田布，险三南彬外semicircle 半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral 四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon t 边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral 等边形plane平面square正方形.平方rectangle长方形regular polygoniE多边形rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形4.戻它4•面曲弔arc弧line, straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle引R形s.a关或作曲弔cube立方体.立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid'regular polyhedron 正多面体circular cylinder^柱体cone |S）锥sphere球体solid立体的6名关曲衫上的附属於altitude depth深度side边长circumference, perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cross section横截面center of a circle 圆心chord 弦radius半径angle bisectorffj平分线diagonal对角线diameter 直径edge 梭face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse 斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边median of a triangle三角形的中线base底边.底数（e.g.2的5次方.2就是底数）opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint 中点endpoint 端点vertex （复数形式vertices）顶点tangent切线的transversal 截线intercept 截距7. %关殳称coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate it 角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标number line数轴quadrant 象限slope斜率complex plane复平面球它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry 三角学bisect平分circumscribe 外切inscribe 内切intersect相交perpendicular 垂直Pythagorean tlieorem 勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral 多边的焦距focal length major/minor axis长 / 短轴eccentricity 离心率hyperbola双曲线real axis实轴imaginary axis虚轴asymptote渐近线parabola^ 物线directrix 准线。
formula什么意思
formula什么意思formula是一个英文单词，常用于表示公式、配方或规则的意思。
它来源于拉丁语中的“formulare”，意为“形式化”。
在不同的语境下，formula的含义会有所不同。
在本文中，我们将探讨formula这个词的多个含义和应用。
首先，formula在数学中常用于指代公式。
公式是用符号和字母表示的数学关系式，用于描述不同变量之间的关系或规律。
数学公式可以包括基本运算、代数表达式、几何定理等。
例如，著名的勾股定理可以用公式表示为：a² + b² = c²，其中a、b、c分别表示一个直角三角形的两条直角边和斜边的长度。
除了数学领域，formula还常被应用于化学。
在化学中，formula指代化学物质的化学式。
化学式是一种表示化合物组成的表达方式，用于描述物质中不同元素的比例和数量。
例如，水的化学式是H₂O，表示每个水分子由两个氢原子和一个氧原子组成。
formula还可以指代医学领域中的配方。
在药学或保健品行业中，formula常用于描述含有特定成分的药物或营养品的配方。
配方是按照一定比例和方法混合不同成分的过程，以制备出特定的药物或产品。
这些配方通常是精确计量的，以确保其疗效或功效的稳定性和一致性。
此外，formula还可以意味着一种套路、规则、方法或模型。
在商业领域中，formula常用于指代成功的商业模式或经营策略。
各种行业都有自己的成功经验和规则，称之为“success formula”。
这些formula可以是一套流程、一系列步骤或一种创新的理念，有助于企业或个人取得成功。
同时，formula还被用于形容某些固定的方式、标准或约定。
比如，在体育竞技中，经常会使用“winning formula”（赢球方法）这样的词组来指代取得胜利的固定策略或技巧。
同样，在艺术创作中，也可以说某人找到了成功的“creative formula”（创作模式），用以形容其成功的艺术风格或方法。
数学常用词汇中英文对照
数学常用词汇中英文对照代数部分1、有关基本运算：add，plus 加subtract 减difference 差multiply,times 乘product 积divide 除divisible 可被整除的dividevenly 被整除dividend 被除数divisor 因子，除数quotient 商remainder 余数factorial 阶乘power 乘方radicalsign,rootsign 根号roundto 四舍五入tothenearest 四舍五入有关集合2. 20 1/union 并集proper subset 真子集solution set 解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term 代数项like terms,similar terms 同类项numerical coefficient 数字系数literal coefficient 字母系数inequality 不等式triangle inequality 三角不等式range 值域original equation 原方程equivalent equation 同解方程等价方程linear equation 线性方程 4.有关分数和小数proper fraction 真分数improper fraction 假分数数学常用词汇中英文对照mixed number 带分数numerator 分子2 / 20分母denominator 纯小数decimal fraction infinite decimal 无穷小数recurring decimal 循环小数tenthsunit 十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean 算术平均值weighted average 加权平均值geometric mean 几何平均数exponent 指数，幂,底边乘幂的底数basexx cube 立方数，square rootxx cube rootxx数字digit 常数constant variable 变量inversefunction 反函数linear一次的，线性的因式分解factorization absolute value 绝对值，203/round off 四舍五入6. 有关数论natural number 自然数positive number 正数negative number 负数odd integer,odd number 奇数eve n in teger,eve n nu mber 偶数integer,whole nu mber 整数positive whole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数con secutive nu mber 连续整数realnumber,rational number 实数,有理数irrational(number) 无理数inverse 倒数prime number 质数reciprocal 倒数multiple 倍数(prime)factor(质)因子ordi naryscale,decimalscale 十进制nonn egative 非负的tens十位4 / 20units 个位mode 众数median 中数7. 数列arithmetic progressi on( seque nee等差数歹U geometric progressi on( seque nee等比数歹U8. 其它approximate 近似(an ti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal 基数ordinal 序数directproportion 正比distinct 不同的estimation 估计，近似parenthes 括号proportion 比例permutation 排列table 表格trigonometric function 三角函数unit 单位,位5 / 20几何部分1. 所有的角alternate angle 内错角corresp onding an gle 同位角vertical an gle 对顶角数学常用词汇中英文对照central an gle圆心角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角suppleme nt aryan gles 补角adjacent angle 邻角acute angle 锐角obtuse angle 钝角right angle 直角round angle 周角straight angle 平角included angle 夹角2. 所有的三角形equilateral triangle 等边三角形scalene triangle 不等边三角形isosceles tria ngle 等腰三角形right trianglexx6 / 20oblique 斜三角形inscribed triangle 内接三角形3. 有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle 半圆concen tric circles 同心圆quadrilateral 四边形pentagon 五边形hexagon 六边形heptagon 七边形octagon 八边形nonagonxx形decagon 十边形polygon 多边形parallelogram 平行四边形equilateral 等边形plane 平面square 正方形，平方rectangle 长方形regular polygon 正多边形rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形4. 其它平面图形7 / 20arc 弧line,straight line 直线line segment 线段parallel lines 平行线segme nt of a circle 弧形5. 有关立体图形cubexx，立方数rectangular solid 长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron 正多面体circular cylinder 圆柱体cone 圆锥sphere 球体solid 立体的6. 有关图形上的附属物altitude 高depthxx side 边长circumference,perimeter 周长radian 弧度surface area 表面积volume 体积8 / 20的股armxx 横截面cros ssection 圆心center of acircle chord 弦radius 半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal 对角线diameter 直径棱edge 立体的面face of a solid 斜边hypotenuse 夹边included side 三角形的直角边leg 三角形的中线medianofatriangle 底边，底数base 中的对边oppositexx 中点midpoint endpoint 端点vertices）顶点vertex （复数形式切线的tangent transversal 截线209/intercept 截距数学常用词汇中英文对照7. 有关坐标coordinate system 坐标系rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系origin 原点abscissa横坐标ordinate 纵坐标numberline 数轴quadrant 象限slope 斜率8. 其它plane geometry 平面几何trigonometry 三角学bisect 平分circumscribe 外切inscribe 内切intersect 相交perpendicular 垂直pythagorean theorem 勾股定理congruent 全等的10 / 20multilateral多边的、单位类1 cent美分penny—美分硬币nickel5 美分硬币dime 一角硬币打（12个）dozen个score廿（20摄氏Centigrade Fahrenheitxx quart夸脱（1gallon=4quart）加仑gallon 码yard米meter微米micron英寸inch foot英尺度角度的度量单位，minute 分（60 分=1）squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter 立方米）品脱pint（干量或液量的单位2•有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业11 / 20（366 天）intercalaryyear（leapyear）闰年depreciation 折旧down payment 直接付款discount 打折margin 利润profit 利润interest 利息simple in terest 单利U divide nd 红利Udecrease to 减少至U decrease by 减少了in crease to 增加至U in crease by 增加了denote 表示list price 标价markup y张价per capita 每人ratio 比率零售价retail pricetie打平集合与简易逻辑12 / 20集合（集）set非负整数集thesetofallnon-negativein tegers自然数集the set of all natural numbers整数集the set of all integers有理数集the set of all rational numbers 实数集the set of all real numbers 元素element 属于belong to 不属于not belong to 有限集finite set 无限集infinite set 空集empty set 包含inclusion, include 包含于lie in 子集subset 数学常用词汇中英文对照真子集proper subset 交集intersection 并集union13 / 20偶数集the set of all even numbers奇数集the set of all odd numbers 含绝对值的不等式inequality with absolute value一元二次不等式one-variable quadratic inequality 逻辑logic 逻辑联结词logic connective 或or且and非not真true假false真值表truth table原命题original proposition逆命题converse proposition否命题negative proposition逆否命题converse-negative proposition 充分条件sufficient condition 必要条件necessary condition充要条件sufficient and necessary condition ...... 的充要条件是... •…if and on ly if •…函数函数function14 / 20argument 自变量domain 定义域range 值域interval 区间closed interval 闭区间open interval 开区间graph of function 函数的图象mapping 映射image象inverse image 原象monotone单调increasing function 增函数decreasing function 减函数monotone interval 单调区间inverse function 反函数exponent 指数n th root 次方根nradical根式radical exponent 根指数radicand被开方数exponential function指数函数15 / 20对数logarithm自然对数natural logarithm对数函数logarithmic function数列数列sequence of number项term通项公式the formula of general term有穷数列finite sequence of number无穷数列infinite sequence of number递推公式recurrence formula等差数列arithmeticprogression，arithmetic series等差中项arithmetic mean等比数列geometricprogression，geometric series等比中项geometric mean三角函数三角函数trigonometric function 始边initial side 终边terminal side 正角positive angle16 / 20负角negative angle 零角zero angle 象限角quadrant angle 弧度radian弧度制radian measure 数学常用词汇中英文对照角度制degree measure 正弦sinexxcosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant诱导公式induction formula 正弦曲线sine curvexx 曲线cosine curve最大值maximum最小值minimum周期period最小正周期minimal positive period 周期函数periodic function振幅amplitude of vibration频率frequency17 / 20相位phase初相initial phase 反正弦arc sine 反xxarc cosine 反正切arc tangent 平面向量有向线段directed line segment 数量scalar quantity向量vector零向量zero vector 相等向量equal vector 共线向量collinear vectors 平行向量parallel vectors 向量的数乘multiplicationofvectorbyscalar 单位向量unit vector基底base基向量basevectors平移translation数量积innerproduct18 / 20不等式算术平均数arithmetic mean 几何平均数geometric mean 综合法method of synthesis 分析法method of analysis 直线倾斜角angle of inclination 斜率gradient 点斜式point slope form 截距intercept 斜截式gradient intercept form 两点式two -point form 一般式general form夹角included angle线性规划linear programming 约束条件constraint condition 目标函数objective function 可行域feasible region 最优解optimal solution 数学常用词汇中英文对照圆锥曲线曲线curve19 / 20method of coordinate 坐标法analytic geometry 解析几何xxDescartes standard equation 标准方程general equation 一般方程parameter equation 参数方程parameter 参数point conic 圆锥曲线ellipse 椭圆focus, focal points 焦点focal length 焦距major axis 长轴minor axis 短轴eccentricity 离心率hyperbola 双曲线real axis 实轴imaginary axis虚轴asymptote 渐近线parabola 抛物线directrix 准线20 / 20。
数学中公式的英文读法
1.Logic∃ there exist∀ for allp⇒q p implies q / if p, then qp⇔q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent 2.Setsx∈A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax∉A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of AA⊂B A is contained in B / A is a subset of BA⊃B A contains B / B is a subset of AA∩B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection BA∪B A cup B / A join B / A union BA\B A minus B / the diference between A and BA×B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B3. Real numbersx+1 x plus onex-1 x minus onex±1 x plus or minus onexy xy / x multiplied by y(x - y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus yx y x over y= the equals signx = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x≠5 x (is) not equal to 5x≡y x is equivalent to (or identical with) yx ≡ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) yx > y x is greater than yx≥y x is greater than or equal to yx < y x is less than yx≤y x is less than or equal to y0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 10≤x≤1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1 | x | mod x / modulus xx 2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x 3 x cubedx 4 x to the fourth / x to the power fourx n x to the nth / x to the power nx −n x to the (power) minus nx (square) root x / the square root of xx 3 cube root (of) xx 4 fourth root (of) xx n nth root (of) x( x+y ) 2 x plus y all squared( x y ) 2 x over y all squaredn! n factorialx ^ x hatx ¯ x barx ˜ x tildex i xi / x subscript i / x suffix i / x sub i∑ i=1 n a i the sum from i equals one to n a i / the sum as i runs fro m 1 to n of the a i4. Linear algebra‖ x ‖ the norm (or modulus) of xOA → OA / vector OAOA ¯ OA / the length of the segment OAA T A transpose / the transpose of AA −1 A inverse / the inverse of A5. Functionsf( x ) fx / f of x / the function f of xf:S→T a function f from S to Tx→y x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to yf'( x ) f prime x / f dash x / the (first) derivative of f with respect to xf''( x ) f double-prime x / f double-dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to xf'''( x ) triple-prime x / f triple-dash x / the third derivative of f with res pect to xf (4) ( x ) f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x∂f∂ x 1 the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1∂ 2 f ∂ x 1 2 the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1 ∫ 0 ∞ the integral from zero to infinitylim x→0 the limit as x approaches zerolim x→ 0 + the limit as x approaches zero from abovelim x→ 0 − the limit as x approaches zero from belowlog e y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) ylny log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) y。
常见数学公式和符号的英文读法大全
≯ is not more than 不大于号
≤ is less than or equal to 小于或等于号
≥ is more than or equal to 大于或等于号
％ per cent 百分之…
‰ per mill 千分之…
∞ infinity 无限大号
∝ varies as 与…成比例
＜is lesnot less than 不小于号
≯is not more than 不大于号
≤is less than or equal to 小于或等于号
≥is more than or equal to 大于或等于号
％per cent 百分之…
√ （square) root 平方根
∵ since; because 因为
∴ hence 所以
∷ equals， as (proportion） 等于，成比例
∠ angle 角
⌒ semicircle 半圆
⊙ circle 圆
○ circumference 圆周
π pi 圆周率
△ triangle 三角形
’parenleft'＝’('
'parenright’＝’）'
数学相关英语单词
数学英语词汇大全本文介绍了一些常用的数学英语词汇。
文章旨在帮助读者扩大数学英语词汇量，提高数学英语水平，增进对数学知识的理解和应用。
数学基础词汇数学基础词汇是指一些通用的、与数学有关的英语单词，它们在不同的数学领域都可能出现，也是其他数学英语词汇的基础。
以下是一些常见的数学基础词汇：中文英文数学mathematics, maths (BrE), math (AmE)数字number整数integer分数fraction小数decimal百分数percentage比例ratio比例尺scale指数exponent对数logarithm根号radical平方根square root立方根cube root四次根fourth root无理数irrational number有理数rational number实数real number复数complex number常数constant变量variable参数parameter函数function表达式expression方程式equation不等式inequality等式identity公式formula定理theorem引理lemma推论corollary公理axiom假设hypothesis, assumption, premise, conjecture中文英文结论conclusion, result, outcome, consequence证明proof, demonstration, verification反证法proof by contradiction, reductio ad absurdum数值计算numerical computation, numerical analysis符号计算symbolic computation, computer algebra计算器calculator数量和运算数量和运算是指与数字的大小、顺序、关系、组合、变化等有关的英语单词，它们是最基本的数学概念，也是其他数学知识的基础。
英文经常使用数学符号公式和等式的读法
一、常用数学符号、公式和等式的读法 + 加号,加 plus + 正号 positive - 减号,减 minus - 负号,负 negetive ± 加或减 plus or minus ± 正或负 plus or minus · 乘 multiplied by times into ÷ 除 divided by : 比 proportional to = 等号 equal sign = 等于 to equal,to equals > 大于 greater than < 小于 less than ≥大于等于 greater than or equal ≤小于等于less than or equal ≡恒等于 identical with ≈约等于 approximately equal ≌全等于 congruent ～等价于 equivalent to; 相似于 similar to →趋近于 approaches ( ) 括号,括弧 1) parentheses;parenthesis;sign parenthesis 圆括号,圆括弧 2) round brackets [ ] 方括号1) squre [angular] brackets 括号2) brackets { } 花括号 braces ∑求和summstion of;sigma 从 1到n的和 the sum form i equalsone to n;sigma 从1到n的积 the product formi equalsone to n x1 +x2+x3+ΛΛ x one x two plus x three,etc(et cetera) a=b 1) a equals to b 2) a is equal to b 3) a is b a≠b a is not equal to b;a is not b a>b a is greater than b a a≥b a is greater than or equal to b a≤b a is less than or equal to b a≈b a approximately equal (s) b a∝b a varies directly as b;a is (directly) proportional to b a∈A a is member of set A A⊂B A is contained in B;A is a proper subset of B AIB A intersection B AYB A union { }或φ empty set ⇒ implies ⇔ is equivalent to xRy x is in therelation R to y a±b a plus or minus b (a+b)(a-b) a plus b,a minus b (a+b)2 a plus b all squared (a÷b)2 a over b all squared n! n factorial;factorial n a% a persent |a| mod a;modulus a x→∞ x approaches infinity 0< x 0≤x≤a zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to a c=a.b 1)c equals (is equal to) a multiplied by b 2) c equals a times b 1:2 the ratio of one to two 1/2 a half;one half 1/3 a third;one third 1/100 a[one] hundredth 1/1000 a[one] thousandth 0.1(.1) zero point one;nought point one 0.01(.01) zero point zero one;nought point nought one 3.1416 three point one four one six 14. one four point one four,one four recurring a:b the ratio of a to b a:b=c 1) a devided by b equals c 2) a devided by b is c 3)the ratio of a to b is c a:b=c:d 1) the ratio of a to b equals the ratio of c to d 2) a is to b as c is to d a+b>c a plus b is greater then c a+b< then b plus> a+b=c a plus b is (are;equals;is equal to) c a-b=c a minus b(b from a) is(equals;is equal to;leaves) c (a,b) a<X [a,b]a≤x≤b the closed interval from a to b (a,b) the interval a<X≤B< td> [a,b] the interval a≤x<B< td> a<X a≤x≤b a is less then or equal to x is less then or equal to b logax logarithm (base) of x lnx natural logarithm of x x2 1)x square;x squured 2) x to the second power 3) x raised to the second power 4) the square of x 5) the second power of x 6) x to the second x3 1)x cube;x cubed 2) x to the third power 3) x raised to the third power 4) the cube of x 5) the third power of x 6) x to the third x n 1)x to the n-th power 2) x raised to the n-th power 3) the n-th power of x 4) x to the n-th x-n 1) x to the minus n-th 2) x to the minus n-th power radical =b 1) the square root of ais(equals) b 2) the square root out of a is(equals) b the square root of a the cube root of a the cube root the n-th root a′ a prime a n 1) a second prime 2) a double prime 3) a twice dashed; a m 1) a triple prime 2) a third prime a1 1) a sub one 2) a first a2 1) a sub two 2) a seconda m 1) a sub m 2) a m-th a'm 1) a prime,sub m 2) a sub m,prime a'1 a first prime a n2 a second, second prime y first derivative of y second derivative of y dy/dx first derivative of y with respect to x d2y/dx2 second derivative of y with respect to x y=f(x) y is a function of x ∫ integral of 1) integral of……from a to b 2) integral of……between limits a and b capital L equals the square root of (out of ) capital R square plus minus x square a to the m by n-thpower equals the n-th root of (out of) a to the m-th power P=∞ p is equal to infinity ∠ angle ⊥ perpendicular;is perpendicular to ∥ parallel;is parallel to △ABC triangje ABC vector F a bar ≌ is congruent to ～ is similar t A-1 inverse of matrix A % percent 二、英语缩写词abs absolute绝对的absolutely绝对地A.D Anno Domini公元ad inf ad infinitum趋于无限ads address地址agg aggregate总数、共计al algebra代数alt altitude高度alternate交错,交替上述的a.m above-mentioned算术平均a.m.arithmeticmeanamt amount数量ans answer答案、解答、回答与或非AoI and-or-inverter等差数列A.P arithmeticprogressionappl application应用appr approximate近似、约计appx appendix附录arg argument自变数,幅角arith arithmetic算术aut automatic自动的auxiliary辅助的aux,auxilav,avg average平均Ax Axiom公理公元前B.C BeforeChrist二进制编码的十进制BCD Binary CodedDecimal二进制编码的八进制BC.O Binary CodedOctal℃(c)centigrate摄氏度C cubic立方的cycle周centi厘,百分之一ca circa大约计算机辅助设计CAD Computer-Aided Design计算机辅助教学CAI Computer-AidedInstructioncalcd calculated计算的cat catalog (ue)目录,一览表逆时针方向C.C.W Counter-Clockwise中心距离c.d centredistancecf.confer参看、见、比较重心cg center ofgravity厘米·克·秒(单位)制C.G.S CentimetreGrammeSecondCh.Chapter章chap chapter章char character字符cir circular圆形的圆周circum circumferencecit cited引用ckt circuit电路C.l.center-line中心线算术平均法,平均高度法C.L.A center lineaveragemethodcm centimetre厘米coeff.coefficient系数com common公,公共col column行,纵行,栏,项目,柱pare比较con contra相反conclusion结论圆锥曲线con.sec conicsectionsconst constant常数construction作图continued续,接cont(contd)Contr.Contracted省略的Contraction省略Cor corollary推论,系cp compare比较ct constant常数circuit电路,线路ctr (s)center (s)中心cu (cub)cubic立方C.W.clockwise顺时针方向CY cycle周期,周d degree度D density密度diameter直径date日期数字计算机D.C.digitalcomputer微分方程D.E differentialequationdefinition定义def(def’n)deg degree度求证demon demonstrativeden density密度der derivative导数,微商det detail详细,细节,详图(十进)小数DF decimalfractiondia (m)diameter直径diag diagram图,图解diff difference差,不同DIV divide除Do (d°)ditto同上,同前,如前所述doub double加倍,二倍,成双的,成倍的数据处理DP dataprocessingE east东edit edition版,版本允许的误差e.e errorexpected例如e.g exempligratia=forexampleeq.equal相等eqequation等式,方程(eq’n)esp.especially特别et al et alii及其他et alibi及别处etc et cetera等等et seq et sequentia及以下等等ex (s)example(s)例exercise练习,习题extra特别的ext external外部的exterior在外f frequency频率fig figure图,图形fn function函数,功能FQCY frequency频率fxd fixed固定的,不变的g(gm)gramme克平均值GA generalaverageG.C.D greatest 最大公约数commondivisor最大公因子G.C.F greatestcommonfactor最大公约数G.C.M greatestcommonmeasuregeom.geometry几何学等比数列,几何数列G.P geometricalprogressiongr(grm)gram克h hour小时height高,高度最高公因式,最大公约数H.C.F.highestcommonfactorhf half半hor horizontal水平的hr hour小时hyp hypothesis假设ibibidem在同处(书,文献等出处) (ibid)id idem同前,同上,同作者,同样iden identical恒等,全等即,就是,换言之i.e id est=thatisig idem quod如同逆(反)时针的ih invertedhourim image图像inc increase增加ind index索引,指标,刻度indef indefinite无限,不定in.ex in extenso全部inf infinity无穷大,无限大infra上、下限逆(反)时针的inh invertedhourint interior内部的,在内int.al inter alia尤其I/O input/output输入/输出信息技术IT informationtechnology信息论informationtheory独立变数IV independentvariableJ journal期刊,杂志jour journal期刊,杂志kg kilogram千克km kilometer千克l length长度l.c loco citato上述引文中最小公倍数(式)L.C.M.least commonmultiple最低公倍式Lowest commonmultipleLgth length长度l.h left hand左方,左侧lim limit极限lin linear直线的,一次的,线性的lit liter(公)升loc location位置loc.cit loco citato上述引文中最低(数)位,最右(数)位ISD leastsignificantdigitM mega兆(106)mille千M(m)medium中间,中等m metre米milli毫(10-3)million兆(106)minute分钟μ(mu)micro微(10-6)平均绝对误差mae meanabsoluteerrormag magnitude量,大小math mathematical数学的mathematics数学max maximum最大,最大值min minimum最小,最小值minute分钟mo (s)month(s)月mon monthly月刊MS mean square均方n net净N number数,编号,第…号North北Northern北方的n.a.s.c necessaryandsufficie nt condition充要条件,充分且必要的条件N.B nota bene=note well注意neg negative负的Net network网络No(s)number(s)数,编号,第…号nr near在…附近O.D.E.ordinarydifferentialequation常微分方程opp opposed相反的,对面ord ordinary普通的,通常的p page页PAR parallel平行的,平行线,并联的par paragraph节,段P.C.per cent百分比pcs pieces个,件,份P.D.E partialdifferentialequation偏微分方程PERT programevaluationandreview techniques计划评审技术(统筹方法) ph phase相位,相pos positive正的pp pages负(复数)p.p proportional 比例部分partPr pair偶,对pr(pri,pry)primary初级,最初的prep perpendicular垂直,正交proc proceeding学报,会刊ps pseudo伪,假pt(s)part(s)部分p.t.o please turnover 请见(本页的)反面,请翻到下页q question问题q.e quod est这就是,即Q.E D quod eratdemonstrandum 证毕,证完,这就是所要证的,所求证者w.r.t with respectto关于,相对于。
数学运算的英文表达
减minus乘multiply除division数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.)被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator平均数mean算术平均数arithmatic mean几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根倒数（reciprocal）x的倒数为1/x有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth rootsqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732sqrt(5)=2.236常量constant变量variable坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin象限quadrant截距(有正负之分)intercede（方程的）解solution几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width周长perimeter面积area相似similar全等congruent三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant补充：集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference轨迹locus, loca(pl.)平行六面体parallelepiped立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron旋转rotation轴axis球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph 曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagram。
数学表达式的英语读法
基础篇1.加减乘除"+"当作运算符加号时读作plus，比如：1+2? oneplustwo当"+"放在数字前表示正数时，读作positive，比如：+4? positivefour同样，“-”也有minus 和negative 两种读法，分别是减号和负数。
"×"两种读法都可以，国外的教授会常常读成times，比如：9x6? ninetimes six“÷”只有一种读法dividedby ，就是被⋯分成几份，?15÷fifteen3is dividedbythree注意：其中plus 和minus 是不用第三人称单数形式的，因为plus 和minus 根本就不是动词，而是介词。
但是乘和除，的的确确是动词，出现第三人称单数的形式。
您记住了吗？2.比较运算符比较运算符用来比较两个表达式的大小关系，比如：1+4>3 ? oneplusfourisgreaterthanthree 。
这里oneplusfour 是oneplusfour 作为一个整体当作主语，因此不用是介词plus连接两个名词，但are，而是is。
4+5=9 ? fourplusfiveequalsnine 或fourplusfiveisequaltonine 3.括号英语里小括号，中括号，大括号这三个词也是没有一点相似，分别是：parenthesis ，bracket，brace.左括号叫做left或open，右括号叫做right或closed.4.级数表示到中学数学了～这张表里的“a”是变量，而不是冠词“一个”的意思哦。
|a|是a的绝对值或绝对值a，英文读作absolutevalueofa, 非常好理解。
a'是什么？a撇就是与a相关又不想重复的时候会用一下，英语里读成aprime,同样有两撇adoubleprime，三撇atripleprime⋯但是注意了，如果a'表示时间分秒里的分，或者其他有具体意义的时候，就要按照具体的意义去读了。
数学基本公式英文版
sin θ tan θ =
cos θ
1 cos θ
cot θ =
=
tan θ sin θ
1 sec θ =
cos θ
1 cosec θ =
sin θ
coin θ
sin2 θ + cos2 θ = 1
(ax + b)n
f ′(x) f (x)
(ax + b)n+1 (n ̸= −1)
a(n + 1)
1 (ax + b)
1 ln |ax + b|
a
ln |f (x)|
1 (ax + b)(cx + d)
1
(ax + b)
ln
(ad − bc ̸= 0)
(ad − bc) (cx + d)
sin (ax)
cos θ − cos ϕ = 2 sin θ + ϕ sin ϕ − θ
2
2
sin 2θ = 2 sin θ cos θ cos 2θ = cos2 θ − sin2 θ = 2 cos2 θ − 1 = 1 − 2 sin2 θ
1
2 Hyperbolic Formulae
ex − e−x sinh x =
1 eax (a cos bx + b sin bx) (a2 + b2)
1
√
(a2x2 − b2)
1
√
(x2 ± a2)
1
ax
arccosh ( )
a
b
{√
}
ln x + (x2 ± a2)
英文,常用数学符号、公式和等式的读法
一、常用数学符号、公式和等式的读法+ 加号,加 plus+ 正号 positive- 减号,减 minus- 负号,负 negetive± 加或减 plus or minus± 正或负 plus or minus· 乘 multiplied by times into÷ 除 divided by: 比 proportional to= 等号 equal sign= 等于 to equal,to equals> 大于 greater than< 小于 less than≥ 大于等于 greater than or equal≤ 小于等于less than or equal≡ 恒等于 identical with≈ 约等于 approximately equal≌ 全等于 congruent～等价于 equivalent to;相似于 similar to→ 趋近于 approaches( ) 括号,括弧 1) parentheses;parenthesis;sign parenthesis圆括号,圆括弧 2) round brackets[ ] 方括号1) squre [angular] brackets括号2) brackets{ } 花括号 braces∑ 求和summstion of;sigma从1到n的和 the sum form i equalsone to n;sigma从1到n的积 the product form i equalsone to nx1 +x2+x3+ΛΛ x one x two plus x three,etc(et cetera)a=b 1) a equals to b2) a is equal to b3) a is ba≠b a is not equal to b;a is not ba>b a is greater than baa≥b a is greater than or equal to ba≤b a is less than or equal to ba≈b a approximately equal (s) ba∝b a varies directly as b;a is (directly) proportional to ba∈A a is member of set AA⊂B A is contained in B;A is a proper subset of B AIB A intersection BAYB A union{ }或φ empty set⇒implies⇔is equivalent to xRy x is in the relation R to y a±b a plus or minus b(a+b)(a-b) a plus b,a minus b(a+b)2 a plus b all squared(a÷b)2 a over b all squaredn! n factorial;factorial na% a persent|a| mod a;modulus ax→∞ x approaches infinity0< x0≤x≤a zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to ac=a.b 1)c equals (is equal to) a multiplied by b2) c equals a times b1:2 the ratio of one to two1/2 a half;one half1/3 a third;one third1/100 a[one] hundredth1/1000 a[one] thousandth0.1(.1) zero point one;nought point one0.01(.01) zero point zero one;nought point nought one3.1416 three point one four one six14. one four point one four,one four recurringa:b the ratio of a to ba:b=c 1) a devided by b equals c2) a devided by b is c3)the ratio of a to b is ca:b=c:d 1) the ratio of a to b equals the ratio of c to d2) a is to b as c is to da+b>c a plus b is greater then ca+b< then b plus>a+b=c a plus b is (are;equals;is equal to) ca-b=c a minus b(b from a) is(equals;is equal to;leaves) c (a,b) a<X[a,b]a≤x≤b the closed interval from a to b(a,b) the interval a<X≤B< td>[a,b] the interval a≤x<B< td>a<Xa≤x≤b a is less then or equal to x is less then or equal to blogax logarithm (base) of xlnx natural logarithm of xx2 1)x square;x squured2) x to the second power3) x raised to the second power4) the square of x5) the second power of x6) x to the secondx3 1)x cube;x cubed2) x to the third power3) x raised to the third power4) the cube of x5) the third power of x6) x to the thirdx n 1)x to the n-th power2) x raised to the n-th power3) the n-th power of x4) x to the n-thx-n 1) x to the minus n-th2) x to the minus n-th powerradical=b 1) the square root of a is(equals) b 2) the square root out of a is(equals) bthe square root of athe cube root of athe cube rootthe n-th roota′ a primea n 1) a second prime2) a double prime3) a twice dashed;a m 1) a triple prime2) a third primea1) a sub one12) a firsta2 1) a sub two2) a second1) a sub mam2) a m-tha'1) a prime,sub mm2) a sub m,primea first primea'12 a second, second primeany first derivative of ysecond derivative of ydy/dx first derivative of y with respect to xd2y/dx2 second derivative of y with respect to xy=f(x) y is a function of x∫ integral of1) integral of……from a to b2) integral of……between limits a and bcapital L equals the square root of (out of ) capital R squareplus minus x squarea to the m by n-th power equals the n-th root of (out of) a tothe m-th powerP=∞ p is equal to infinity∠ angle⊥ perpendicular;is perpendicular to∥ parallel;is parallel to△ABC triangje ABCvector Fa bar≌ is congruent to～ is similar tA-1 inverse of matrix A % percent二、英语缩写词abs absolute 绝对的absolutely 绝对地A.D Anno Domini 公元ad inf ad infinitum 趋于无限ads address 地址agg aggregate 总数、共计al algebra 代数alt altitude 高度alternate 交错,交替a.m above-mentioned 上述的a.m. arithmetic mean 算术平均amt amount 数量ans answer 答案、解答、回答AoI and-or-inverter 与或非等差数列A.P arithmeticprogressionappl application 应用appr approximate 近似、约计appx appendix 附录arg argument 自变数,幅角arith arithmetic 算术aut automatic 自动的aux,auxil auxiliary 辅助的av,avg average 平均Ax Axiom 公理B.C Before Christ 公元前二进制编码的十进制BCD Binary CodedDecimalBC.O Binary Coded Octal 二进制编码的八进制℃(c)centigrate 摄氏度C cubic 立方的cycle 周centi 厘,百分之一ca circa 大约CAD Computer-Aided计算机辅助设计Design计算机辅助教学CAI Computer-AidedInstructioncalcd calculated 计算的cat catalog (ue) 目录,一览表C.C.W Counter-Clockwise 逆时针方向c.d centre distance 中心距离cf. confer 参看、见、比较cg center of gravity 重心厘米·克·秒(单位)制C.G.S Centimetre GrammeSecondCh. Chapter 章chap chapter 章char character 字符cir circular 圆形的circum circumference 圆周cit cited 引用ckt circuit 电路C.l. center-line 中心线算术平均法,平均高度法C.L.A center lineaverage methodcm centimetre 厘米coeff. coefficient 系数com common 公,公共col column 行,纵行,栏,项目,柱comp. compare 比较con contra 相反conclusion 结论con.sec conic sections 圆锥曲线const constant 常数construction 作图contcontinued 续,接(contd)Contr. Contracted 省略的Contraction 省略Cor corollary 推论,系cp compare 比较ct constant 常数circuit 电路,线路ctr (s) center (s) 中心cu (cub) cubic 立方C.W. clockwise 顺时针方向CY cycle 周期,周d degree 度D density 密度diameter 直径date 日期D.C. digital computer 数字计算机微分方程D.E differentialequationdef(def’n)definition 定义deg degree 度demon demonstrative 求证den density 密度der derivative 导数,微商det detail 详细,细节,详图DF decimal fraction (十进)小数dia (m) diameter 直径diag diagram 图,图解diff difference 差,不同DIV divide 除Do (d°)ditto 同上,同前,如前所述doub double 加倍,二倍,成双的,成倍的DP data processing 数据处理E east 东edit edition 版,版本e.e error expected 允许的误差例如e.g exempligratia=forexampleeq. equal 相等eq (eq’n)equation 等式,方程esp. especially 特别et al et alii 及其他et alibi 及别处etc et cetera 等等et seq et sequentia 及以下等等ex (s) example(s) 例exercise 练习,习题extra 特别的ext external 外部的exterior 在外f frequency 频率fig figure 图,图形fn function 函数,功能FQCY frequency 频率fxd fixed 固定的,不变的g(gm) gramme 克GA general average 平均值最大公约数G.C.D greatest commondivisor最大公因子G.C.F greatest commonfactor最大公约数G.C.M greatest commonmeasuregeom. geometry 几何学G.P geometrical等比数列,几何数列progressiongr(grm) gram 克h hour 小时height 高,高度H.C.F. highest common最高公因式,最大公约数factorhf half 半hor horizontal 水平的hr hour 小时hyp hypothesis 假设ib (ibid) ibidem 在同处(书,文献等出处) id idem 同前,同上,同作者,同样iden identical 恒等,全等i.e id est=that is 即,就是,换言之ig idem quod 如同ih inverted hour 逆(反)时针的im image 图像inc increase 增加ind index 索引,指标,刻度indef indefinite 无限,不定in.ex in extenso 全部inf infinity 无穷大,无限大infra 上、下限inh inverted hour 逆(反)时针的int interior 内部的,在内int.al inter alia 尤其I/O input/output 输入/输出信息技术IT informationtechnologyinformation信息论theory独立变数IV independentvariableJ journal 期刊,杂志jour journal 期刊,杂志kg kilogram 千克km kilometer 千克l length 长度l.c loco citato 上述引文中最小公倍数(式)L.C.M. least commonmultipleLowest common multiple 最低公倍式Lgth length 长度l.h left hand 左方,左侧lim limit 极限lin linear 直线的,一次的,线性的lit liter (公)升loc location 位置loc.cit loco citato 上述引文中最低(数)位,最右(数)位ISD least significantdigitM mega 兆(106)mille 千M(m) medium 中间,中等m metre 米milli 毫(10-3)million 兆(106)minute 分钟μ(mu)micro 微(10-6)平均绝对误差mae mean absoluteerrormag magnitude 量,大小math mathematical 数学的mathematics 数学max maximum 最大,最大值min minimum 最小,最小值minute 分钟mo (s) month(s) 月mon monthly 月刊MS mean square 均方n net 净N number 数,编号,第…号North 北Northern 北方的n.a.s.c necessary andsufficient condition 充要条件,充分且必要的条件N.B nota bene= note注意wellneg negative 负的Net network 网络No(s) number(s) 数,编号,第…号nr near 在…附近常微分方程O.D.E. ordinarydifferentialequationopp opposed 相反的,对面ord ordinary 普通的,通常的p page 页PAR parallel 平行的,平行线,并联的par paragraph 节,段P.C. per cent 百分比pcs pieces 个,件,份偏微分方程P.D.E partialdifferentialequationPERT programevaluation andreview techniques 计划评审技术(统筹方法)ph phase 相位,相pos positive 正的pp pages 负(复数)p.p proportional part 比例部分Pr pair 偶,对pr(pri,pry) primary 初级,最初的prep perpendicular 垂直,正交proc proceeding 学报,会刊ps pseudo 伪,假pt(s) part(s) 部分p.t.o please turn over 请见(本页的)反面,请翻到下页q question 问题q.e quod est 这就是,即Q.E D quod erat证毕,证完,这就是所要证的,所求证者demonstrandumw.r.t with respect to 关于,相对于。
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数学公式的英文表达Pronunciation of mathematical expressionsThe pronunciations of the most common mathematical expressions are given in the list below. In general, the shortest versions are preferred (unless greater precision is necessary).1. Logic9 there exists8 for allp ) q p implies q / if p, then qp , q p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent2. Setsx 2 A x belongs to A / x is an element (or a member) of Ax =2 A x does not belong to A / x is not an element (or a member) of AA ½B A is contained in B / A is a subset of BA æB A contains B / B is a subset of AA \B A cap B / A meet B / A intersection BA [B A cup B / A join B / A union BA nB A minus B / the diÆerence between A and BA £B A cross B / the cartesian product of A and B3. Real numbersx + 1 x plus onex ° 1 x minus onex ß 1 x plus or minus onexy xy / x multiplied by y(x ° y)(x + y) x minus y, x plus yxyx over y= the equals signx = 5 x equals 5 / x is equal to 5x 6= 5 x (is) not equal to 51x ¥ y x is equivalent to (or identical with) yx 6¥ y x is not equivalent to (or identical with) yx > y x is greater than yx ¸ y x is greater than or equal to yx < y x is less than yx · y x is less than or equal to y0 < x < 1 zero is less than x is less than 10 · x · 1 zero is less than or equal to x is less than or equal to 1jxj mod x / modulus xx2 x squared / x (raised) to the power 2x3 x cubedx4 x to the fourth / x to the power fourxn x to the nth / x to the power nx°n x to the (power) minus npx (square) root x / the square root of x3 px cube root (of) x4 px fourth root (of) xnpx nth root (of) x(x + y)2 x plus y all squared³xy ¥2x over y all squaredn! n factorial^x x hat¹x x bar~x x tildexi xi / x subscript i / x su±x i / x sub in Xi=1ai the sum from i equals one to n ai / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the ai 4. Linear algebrakxk the norm (or modulus) of x°°! OA OA / vector OAOA OA / the length of the segment OAAT A transpose / the transpose of AA°1 A inverse / the inverse of A25. Functionsf(x) fx / f of x / the function f of xf : S ! T a function f from S to Tx 7! y x maps to y / x is sent (or mapped) to yf0(x) f prime x / f dash x / the (Ørst) derivative of f with respect to xf00(x) f double{prime x / f double{dash x / the second derivative of f with respect to xf000(x) f triple{prime x / f triple{dash x / the third derivative of f with respect to xf(4)(x) f four x / the fourth derivative of f with respect to x@f@x1the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1@2f@x21the second partial (derivative) of f with respect to x1Z 1the integral from zero to inØnitylimx!0the limit as x approaches zerolimx!+0the limit as x approaches zero from abovelimx!°0the limit as x approaches zero from belowloge y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) yln y log y to the base e / log to the base e of y / natural log (of) yIndividual mathematicians often have their own way of pronouncing mathematical expressionsand in many cases there is no generally accepted \correct" pronunciation.Distinctions made in writing are often not made explicit in speech; thus the sounds fx may be interpreted as any of: fx, f(x), fx, FX, FX, °°! FX . The diÆerence is usually made clear by the context; it is only when confusion may occur, or where he/she wishes to emphasise the point, that the mathematician will use the longer forms: f multiplied by x, the function f of x, f subscript x, line FX, the length of the segment FX, vector FX.Similarly, a mathematician is unlikely to make any distinction in speech (except sometimes a diÆerence in intonation or length of pauses) between pairs such as the following:x + (y + z) and (x + y) + zpax + b and pax + ban ° 1 and an°1The primary reference has been David Hall with Tim Bowyer, Nucleus, English for Science and Technology, Mathematics, Longman 1980. Glen Anderson and Matti Vuorinen have given good comments and supplements.。