小学英语语法大全-附练习题

小学英语语法大全-附练习题Contents 名词名词的数名词的格代词人称代词物主代词冠词与数词冠词数词一般现在时态现在进行时态句型陈述句疑问句祈使句There be 句型与have\ has总结考试第一章名词 Noun名词的概念在生活中我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词一名词的数名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式可数名词表示一个时用单数两个以上时用复数不可数名词表示量时通常用数词单位of物质名词的形式如 a piece of bread 一片面包变为复数时只须将单位名词变为复数如two pieces of bread 两片面包名词复数的构成法则1 一般情况下在词尾加s 词尾读音shop --- shops 商店在清辅音后读 [ s ]bag --- bags 书包在浊辅音后读 [ z ]window --- windows 窗户在元音后读 [ z ]2 以 s x sh ch 结尾的单词在词尾加esclass --- classes 班级词尾读音[ iz ]box --- boxes 盒子match --- matches 比赛brush --- brushes 刷子3 以辅音字母 y 结尾的词变y为 i 加esstory --- stories 故事词尾读音[ iz ]4 以元音字母 y 结尾的词在词尾直接加 skey --- keys 词尾读音[ z ]monkey --- monkeys5以 o 结尾的名词复数一般在词尾加s 但个别加 estomato --- tomatoes 西红柿词尾读音[ z ]potato --- potatoes 土豆zoo --- zoos 动物园photo --- photos 照片以 o结尾复数加 es口诀黑人 Negro 英雄 hero 左手拿着西红柿 tomato 右手拿着破土豆 potato 头顶一个大芒果mango6 以 f或 fe 结尾的词多数变f或 fe 为 vesleaf --- leaves 树叶词尾读音[ vz ]knife --- knives 小刀以f或fe结尾的单词需把f或fe 变ves的单词口诀妻子wife持刀knife去宰狼wolf小偷thief吓得发了慌躲在架下shelf 保己命半 half 片树叶leaf遮目光以f或fe结尾的单词直接加 s的单词口诀长颈鹿 giraffe 站在屋檐 roof 下左手拿着手绢 handkerchief 右手拿着高尔夫球 golf例 roof --- roofs 屋顶7 不规则名词复数的变化man --- men 男人 tooth ---teeth 牙齿child --- children 儿童 mouse --- mice 老鼠woman --- women 女人8 名词单复数形式一样sheep --- sheep 绵羊 deer --- deer 鹿English --- English英国人不规则名词变复数口诀男人女人a变e鹅足牙齿oo变ee其实老鼠也好记ous变ic孩子加上ren鱼鹿绵羊不用记二名词所有格的构成法1 主要是在词尾加 s 构成如This is Toms desk 这是汤姆的书桌That is Mikes book 那是迈克的书2 如果原名词已经有复数词尾s 则仅加一个如the teachers reading room 教师阅览室the pupils pencil-boxes 学生们的文具盒3 如果原词是复数形式但不是以s 结尾变为所有格形式需在后面加上 s 如the childrens palace 少年宫mens room 男厕所名词所有格口诀名词所有格s前面加一撇复数s放在尾后加一撇就完结两人共有算一个后面只加一个撇名词练习题写出下列名词的复数形式1computer ____________ 2apple ____________ 3city ______________4house _____________ 5sheep _____________ 6watch ______________ 7tomato _____________8child _____________ 9tooth ________ 10foot ______________ 11wife _____________12potato ____________ 13play _____________ 14day ____________ 15glass ______________ 16radio ______________ 17zoo ______________ 18 life ______________19 story _____________ 20leaf _____________ 21 baby _____________22dress _____________ 23butterfly _____________24 deer _____________25class _____________ 26brush _____________ 27key _____________28 English ____________29mouse ____________30 man _____________二汉译英1．Tom的足球 _________________ 2 老师们的自行车_________________ 3．学生们的课桌_________________ 4哥哥的文具盒_________________5．姑姑的卡片_________________ 6猴子们的香蕉_________________7．蚂蚁们的早餐 _________________ 8妈妈的包_________________ 9．姐姐的连衣裙_________________ 10女孩们的苹果_________________三把下列句子翻译成英文1．这些是Peter 的篮球吗 ________________________________________ 2．这个是老师的钢笔吗 ___________________________________________ 3．有一些书在Sam的课桌上________________________________________ 4．有一些孩子们在教室里___________________________________________ 四改错圈出错处在横线上改正过来1There are some butterflys on the table ________________________ 2This is Alice dress ______________________3I like tomato very much __________________五将下列句子变成复数形式1．This dog is brown___________________________________________________2 There is a book and a pen on the table___________________________________________________3That woman is a teacher___________________________________________________ 能力测试卷名词将下列名词变成复数形式1plane tree lessonmonth apple shirt2 box bus brushwatch class fox3knife life leafWife thief4day boy monkeybaby country story5photo radio pianotomato hero6 child tooth manSheep English Chinese二判断正误并改正错句正确的打√1．The house is my brother ________________________2 He has visited many country ______________________3 They are Englishs ______________________________4 This is Tom red bike ____________________________ 三选择填空1．There are two ______ in the roomA ChinesesB Englishman2The old man will have ___________ outA two toothsB two teeth3 ____________ are sold in this bookstoreA Childrens booksB Children books4 Some friends of _________ will come hereA JohnsB John5 Can you give me ______________A some papersB a piece of paper6There are ______________ on the floorA some boxB some boxes四将下列句子变成复数形式1．This sheep is white___________________________________________________2 There is a desk and a chair in the room___________________________________________________3That man is a doctor___________________________________________________ 第二章代词一人称代词1．人称代词即表示你我他你们我们他们等的词它的人称数和格的变化见下表数人称主格宾格单数第一人称I me 第二人称you you 第三人称hesheit himherit 复数第一人称We us 第二人称you you 第三人称 they them 主格与宾格人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式主格主要用来做句子的主语宾格主要用作宾语人称代词主格用在句首作主语She is sitting in a bus她正坐在公共汽车上人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语This pen is badI cant write with it这支钢笔不好我没法用它写字2人称代词的排列顺序人称代词并列使用时通常以下列顺序出现请熟悉并记忆单数代词you and I you and he he and I you he and I复数代词we and they we and you you and they we you and they 第三人称单数代词he and she人称代词排序口诀人称代词并列观注意顺序礼貌见单数人称二三一复数人称一二三麻烦事情我站前其他人称没意见两性并用为三单男先女后是习惯二物主代词物主代词是表示所有关系的代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词人称类别第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性my our your your hisherits their 名词性 mine our yours yours hishersits theirs 名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词例Whose coat is this 这是谁的上衣Its hers 是她的 hers her coat关于物主代词的口诀物主代词很重要译成汉语都有的后面必须加上物否则就要犯错误my your his her its our their 不放过形容词性是基础除了我的mine外其他词尾s性形物代能力差出门常把名词加名物代能力强常来独去又独往三反身代词反身代词也叫自身代词表示自己数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myself yourself himself herself 复数ourselves yourselvesthemselves I can do it by myself 我自己能做这件事反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀反身代词有规律第三人称宾格加其余开头用物主复数-ves替-f 四指示代词This 这个 ------- these 这些指近处的事物That 那个 ------- these 那些指远处的事物例This is a book 这是本书 These are some books 这些是书That is a car 那是辆小汽车 Those are some cars 那些是小汽车代词练习题根据题意用所给词的适当形式填空Mary is a friend of ______________ IThis is ________ she ruler ________ I is in the bagHer brother is too young to look after _________ heThis is _________ I book This book is _________ IThese pens are _________ we二填写下列表格人称代词我我们你你们他她它他们主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词三改写下列句子Eg This is my book ------ The book is mineThat is her ruler _________________________________These are their footballs __________________________________This is my backpack ____________________________________Those are your boxes ____________________________________四把下列句子改写成复数1 This is a butterfly ____________________________________________2 That is a bus ________________________________________________3 It is a mouse ________________________________________________五改错1This is mine lamp ___________________________________________2These are ours books____________________________________________3 That are their teacher___________________________________________4The house is my brother ________________________5 He has visited many country ______________________6 They are Chineses ______________________________7 This is Tom red bike ____________________________ 能力测试卷代词帮下面的好朋友团圆连线I 她its 我们her 他她它们we 我they 你的their 他她它们your 她的she 它的二填空1．Shes a teacher This is _________ bag2 Hes a driver This is ___________ taxi3 I am a boy __________ name is Peter4 --Whats __________ name-- My name is Tony5 Its my puppy ______ name is Mimi三选择1Your book is not so old as _________A himB heC hisD she2 _____ book is it Its ________A WhoseherB Whose hersC WhohersD Whom her3 He is a friend of ________A ourB usC myD mine四改错1 I you and he are all teachers______________________________________________________2 This is mine teddy bear______________________________________________________3 These are ours bags______________________________________________________4 These is their teachers______________________________________________________ 第三章数词和冠词一数词表示数目和顺序的词叫数词数词又分基数词和序数词基数词表示数量序数词表示顺序最基本的基数词如下表所示110 1119 20100 1 one 11 eleven 2 two 12twelve 20 twenty 3 three 13 thirteen 30 thirty 4 four14 fourteen 40 forty 5 five 15 fifteen 50 fifty6 six 16 sixteen 60 sixty7 seven 17 seventeen 70 seventy8 eight 18 eighteen 80 eighty9 nine 19 nineteen 90 ninety 10 ten 100 one hundred 基数词的写法 2199的两位数十位与个位之间用连字符-例21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety – nine百位数个位数基数词形式加hundred表示几百在几十几与百位间加上and 例101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight2．序数词的构成1一般来说是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成例four th--- fourth six th --- sixthseven th --- seventh ten th --- tenth2下面这些基数词在变为序数词时有特殊的变化例one --- first two --- second three --- third five--- fiftheight --- eighth nine --- ninth twelve --- twelfth3十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y 变成i然后在加eth例twenty --- twentieth thirty --- thirtiethforty --- fortieth ninety --- ninetieth两位或两位以上的基数词变为序数词时仅将个位数变成序数词例twenty –one ------ twenty- firstthirty-five ------thirty-fiftha hundred and fifty-three ------- a hundred and fifty- third基数词变序数词的口诀基变序有规律词尾加上thfourth sixth一二三单独记结尾字母t d dfirstsecondthird八去t九去eeighthninthve要用f替fifthtwelfth整十基数变序数ty将y变成i th 前面有个e要是遇到几十几前用基来后用序二冠词冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种 a或an是不定冠词the是定冠词a用在辅音音素之前如 a desk a tree an 用在元音因素之前如 an apple an hour an English book不定冠词aan指人或事物的某一种类表示一个但不强调数量She is a teacher Thats an orange定冠词 the是特指某些人某些物或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物或者是在上文提到过的人和事This is a bus The bus is big不用冠词的情况专有名词物质名词抽象名词前一般不用冠词如Chinese English Jim等名词前已经有this that my your等词时就不再用冠词了如that mouse 那只老鼠3 一些固定词组前不用定冠词如at home 在家 go to school 去上学定冠词the的用法记忆口诀特指重提和唯一岛屿海峡和海湾海洋党派最高级沙漠河流与群山方位顺序和乐器年代团体与机关船名建筑和组织会议条约与报刊姓氏复数国全名记住定冠the加在前零冠词用法口诀月份星期节假洲呼语头衔职务前三餐球类惯用语学科棋类名词前冠词和数词专项练习一在空白处填上适当的冠词不需要的填1 at ____home2 go to_____ bed3 go to _____school4 catch ______ bad cold5 have _____ good time6 ______red apple7 _____ English book8 ______ spoon9 _____ orange 10 ______melon 11 _______ eraser二选择填空1There is _____ m in the word primaryan Ba Cthe D2This is ____ orange bikeAa Ban Cthe D3It always takes us half _____ hour to have ____ long walk after supper Aaa Ba the Can a Dan the4English is ____ useful language in ____ worldAan the Ba the Cthe D the5We are going to _____ cinema this eveningAthe B Ca Dan6Hes standing on _____ other side of _____ riverAa a Bthe the Cthe a Da the7_____ potato is a vegetable not ____ fruitAThe an BThe a CA the DAn8He was _____ first to comeAThe Ba Cthe D9Do you see ____ book on _____ tableAthe a Ba an Can an Da the10Wheres _____ desk Its in ____ middle of the roomA B a Ca Dthe the11He is _____ friend of mineAan B Cthe Da12There is ____ university near the farmAa Ban Cthe D13He died in ____ autumn of 1989A Bthe Ca Dan14I have ____ book I t s _____ interesting one I like reading ____ books very muchAa an Ba the Can an the D an15Today is _____ Childrens DayAa Ban Cthe D16This is _____ bag That is ____ eraserAa a Ba an Can a D an an四用代词填空1_____ _____ and ____ are all good friendsAWe you they BYou they we CWe they you DThey you we2____ classroom is big but ____ is much bigger than _____AWe they us BOur their our COur theirs ours DOur theirs we3She lost ____ pen Will you lend her ____Aher yours Bhis your Chers you Dtheir yourself4 What are you doing I am looking at _____ in the mirrorAme Bmyself Citself Dhimself5____ ____ and _____ all enjoy musicAShe you I BI she you CYou she I DI you she 能力测试卷冠词和数词写出相邻的数词1 twenty2 five3 twelve4 fifty-eight5 ninety6 seventy7 thirty-eight 8 one hundred9 one thousand 10 one二选择正确答案1There are days in a yearA three hundreds sixty-fiveB three hundreds and sixty-fiveC three hundred and sixty-fiveD three hundred and sixty five2There are students in this schoolA eight hundreds and forty-sixB eight hundred and forty sixC eight hundred and forty-sixD eight hundred forty-six3My brother is inA Three Class One GradeB Class Three Grade OneC Grade One Class ThreeD class three grade one4He was doing some washingA at eight yesterday morningB yesterday morning eightC yesterday morning at eightD by eight yesterday morning5There are months in a year December is the month of the yearA twelve twelveB twelve twelfthC twelfth twelveD twelvetwelveth6Sunday is the day of the weekA seventhB firstC secondD third7Autumn is season in a yearA the fourthB the thirdC a thirdD third8Tom was to get to school and I wasA first ninthB the first the ninthC a first a ninthD the second the ninth9Whats the date today ItsA FridayB time to goC cloudyD June 4th10Monday is the second day andA Tuesday is the fourthB Thursday is the fifthC the second is TuesdayD the second is Thursday 第四章一般现在时态一一般现在时的定义一般现在时是表示现在经常反复发生的动作存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态二一般现在时的结构一般现在时用行为动词的原形但第三人称单数作主语时动词的词尾要加-s 或- es现在以连系动词be 和行为动词read为例对一般现在时的肯定句否定句疑问句及其简略答语的构成以表格形式加以说明动词肯定句否定句be I am I am not YouWeThey are YouWeThey are not HeSheIt is HeSheIt is not read IWeYouThey readIWeYouThey do not read HeSheIt reads HeSheIt does not read动词疑问句简略答语肯定简略答语否定 be Am I Yes you are No you are not Are you Yes I amwe are No I amwe are not Are we Yes weyou are No we you are not Are they Yes they are No they are not Is he Yes he is No he is not Is she Yes she is No she is not Is it Yes it is No it is notread Do I we they read Yes you we they do No you we they do not Does he she it read Yes he she it does No he she it does not 连系动词be 的各种形式常与代词或not缩写成一个词助动词dodoes 一般只有与not 缩写联系动词be缩写形式如下肯定缩写否定缩写I am Im I am not Im notYou are Youre You are not Youre not You arent He is Hes He is not Hes not He isnt She is Shes She is not Shes not She isnt It is Its It is not Its not It isnt We are Were We are not Were not We arent They are Theyre They are not Theyre not They arent 动词do not 的缩写形式为dontdoes not 的缩写形式为doesnt动词加-s 或-es 动词第三人称单数当主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词需加-s 或-es一般在词尾加–s例workworks leave --- leaves swim --- swims以字母sxchsh 或o结尾的词加-es例pass--- passes fix ---fixes teach --- teaches do--- does 以辅音字母加y结尾的词先变y为i再加-es例study --- studies carry --- carries fly --- flies cry --- cries 一般现在时的用法表示经常或习惯性的动作常与often经常 always总是 sometimes有时every day每天 on SundaysMondays 等表示频度的时间状语连用一般现在时的时间状语有today often sometimes always usually every day week month year this year once a week month year 一周月年一次例句I get up at 6 oclock every dayHe often goes to school by bike表示客观事实普遍真理例句Two and two are four二加二等于四The earth moves around the sun地球绕着太阳转一般现在时态专项练习写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式posteatstopjumpgo likevisitpassriseread ridehavegivewriteswim studywatchflyteachdo 单项选择1_____ you have a bookA DoB AreC IsD Have2Does Li Lei like to watch TV______________A Yes he likeB No he doesntC Yes hed likeD No he likes3She doesnt ______ her homework in the afternoon A doing B to do C does D do4How ____ Mr Smith ______ to EnglandA do goB is goC does goD does goes5 _____ she ______ home at six every dayA Is leaveB Does leaveC Is leavesD Does left 用下列动词的适当形式填空1I ______ get up at 6 oclock every day2My father ______ have a lovely dog3He ______ go to school on foot4She ______ do not like watching TV5They ______ play football every Sunday afternoon按要求完成下列各题1Tomorrow is Saturday 变成一般疑问句_________ ________ Saturday2Does he play basketball every weekend 肯定回答Yes ______ _______3She looks like her sister 变一般疑问句_____ she ______ like her sister4Peter and Sam look the same 一般疑问句______ they _____ the same5Do they always go to the movie 电影院 on Sundays 否定回答 No _______ _______五英汉互译Tom经常放学后after school踢足球__________________________________我喜欢唱歌__________________________________He often goes to school on foot__________________________________Children like to play this game__________________________________今天是星期日__________________________________ 能力测试卷一般现在时写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式gohaveswimstudyrise stopdoridecrygo writeflyplayreadcome buygivewatchworkcarry 用动词的适当形式填空He _______ go to school on footShe _______ not like watching TV doMy father _______ have a lovely dogI often ______ get up at six every morningMy mother _______ work in a school英汉互译他经常在周六的时候读英语_____________________________Peter 每天都帮助妈妈做家务______________________________Tom always plays football after school______________________________4．I get up at six oclock every day_______________________________5 The coat fits 适合 me very well_______________________________ 第五章现在进行时态现在进行时的定义现在进行时是表示在现在某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作的时态现在进行时的构成现在进行时由系动词amis are 现在分词动词加-ing形式构成现在以动词work为例对现在进行时的肯定句否定句疑问句及简略答语列表说明肯定句否定句I am working I am not working You are working You are not working HeSheIt is working HeSheIt is not working WeYouThey are working WeYouThey are not working疑问句简略答语Am I working Yes you are No you are not Are we working Yes we you are No we you arentAre you working Yes I am No I am not Yes we are No we are not Is heshe it working Yes hesheit is No hesheit is not Are they working Yes they are No they are not现在分词的构成一般在动词原形末尾加-ingstay --- staying do --- doing listen --- listening以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词先去掉e再加-ingmake --- making ride --- riding give --- giving以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词先双写这个辅音字母再加-ingput --- putting sit --- sitting run --- running以ie 为重读音节结尾的单词先去掉e把i 变为y再加–inglie --- lying die --- dying现在进行时的用法表示现在或说话时正在进行的动作常和下列时间状语连用now at this moment at present these days years this term 有时也与look listen 等连用例句Look what are the monkeys eating看那些猴子在吃什么表示当前一直或反复在进行的动作或难以终止的动作例句They are running and jumping all the time他们一直在跑啊跳啊现在进行时态专项练习写出下列动词的现在分词形式stay __________do __________listen __________suffer __________refuse __________close __________operate _________die _________ work ________spend _________look _________make __________put __________sit __________run __________tie __________ take _________give _________ride _________please _________win _________begin _________open _________lie _________ 用所给动词的适当形式填空Mary and Lucy are ________ dance nowListen Someone is _______ play the piano in the next room He is __________ sweep the floor at the momentLook The cat ________ ________ eat the fish on the tableA ______ you _______ study FrenchB Yes I amShe often ____________ dance after schoolMy father and mother ______ ______ swim in the pondMy sister is ________ fly a kite in the gardenWe are __________ watch TV nowBe quiet The baby _____ ______ sleep now改错We are cleanning our classroom ______________________________ She is sing in the next room ______________________________ What am you doing ______________________________Mary is comeing back from Beijing______________________________ He often flying kites on Sundays ______________________________ They is reading books now ______________________________My brother is plays the guitar now _______________________________ Sally is danceing in the room _______________________________ I watching TV at home now ________________________________Do you listening the radio now ________________________________ 英汉互译他正在教室里做作业______________________________________________We are reading English now______________________________________________Peter 和Billy 正在操场上in the playground打篮球______________________________________________Look A bird is flying in the sky______________________________________________公共汽车来了______________________________________________刘先生经常在周日的时候on Sundays看英语书______________________________________________He isnt playing games He is studying______________________________________________孩子们在摘pick苹果______________________________________________That son of yours is always making troubles 捣乱______________________________________________10你们正在做什么____________________________________________________ 能力测试卷现在进行时态写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式及现在分词形式play ________ ________ sit ________ ________ do________ ________ stop ________ ________ put ________ ________ swim ________ ________ skate ________ ________ dance ________ ________ fly ________ ________ lie________ ________ 二用动词的适当形式填空1 I am __________ watch TV nowHe ______ ________ play in the classroom nowShe often __________ dance after schoolMy sister is ________ fly a kite in the parkMy parents 父母 ________ swim in the pond三改错1 I watching TV at home now ____________________________2 My father is plays the piano ____________________________He often flying kites on Sundays ____________________________ They is reading books _____________________________She is dancing in the room _____________________________ 英汉互译1．Billy正在教室里做作业________________________________________My mother always cleans the house on Saturdays_________________________________________你正在做什么_________________________________________他们没有踢足球他们在打篮球_________________________________________The bus is coming________________________________________ 句型一陈述句定义凡是说明一件事情提出一个看法或是表达一种心情的句子都是陈述句大多数的句子都是陈述句陈述句可以用肯定式和否定式肯定句变否定句肯定句变否定句就是加not no 或表示否定的词英语的句子重要取决于动词而动词又有时态的变化因此在不同的时态的句子中的位置不同时态具体句型句子构成一般现在时动词做谓语主语be amis are not其他实意动词做谓语主语dontdoesnt 其他情态动词实意动词主语情态动词not 动词原形其他现在进行时动词做谓语主语be动词 am is are 现在分词其他。