英文科技论文写作常用句型

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英文论文写作中常用的10种句式

英文论文写作中常用的10种句式1、否定句许多否定句不含not的否定结构。

如果论文作者能正确使用他们，就会增加写作的闪光点，使显得生动活泼。

,childrenshouldbetaughthowtobenefitfromusefulin formationontheinternet.应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。

我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。

erstandingofsocieties.大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱，而是为了更好地了解社会。

’ssalarydoesnotdependsomuchonhiseducationalbackgroun dasonhisabilityandcontributiontothesociety.一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社会的贡献。

2、非限制性定语从句如果需要对前述的整个句子内容进行解释或说明，就可以用到非限制性定语从句。

,practicalcoursescanbeusedtothereality,whichiso fvitalimportancetotheirdevelopmentinthefuture.毫无疑问，实用性课程可以用于实际中，这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。

,whichissometimesdangerousandharmful.孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻，这在有时是危险和有害的。

hmoreopportunitiestodeveloptheirinterpersonalskills ,whichmayputtheminafavorablepositioninthefuturejobm arkets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。

3、让步句让步句是写论文最常用的句式之一，作者务必掌握以下4种用法，可以使英文句子起伏跌宕，富于变化。

英文科技论文写作常用句式

英文科技论文写作常用句式Abstract:1、Introduction (Motivation/ purpose/goal/aim/objective/importance) (present tense)1）The aim of this paper is to assess the accuracy of steady-state scale-up for small-scale sedimentary structures.2） An important objective of these well-constrained experiments is to evaluate current theoretical models of PGE solubility.2、Scope/perspective (past/present tense)1）This study examined fecal coliform reduction in domestic wastewater after receiving treatment through a constructed open water wetland, a slow sand filter, and a portable ultraviolet disinfection unit.2） The scope of this study was to compare the behavior and character of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during soil-aquifer treatment at different field sites in Arizona and California.3、method/procedure/approach (past tense)1）In this study, a lab-scale aerobic biofilter-biotrickling tower system packed with particulate plastic media (1.5 cm, hexagon in shape) was used to treat the salty artificial wastewater polluted by mineral oil (diesel fuel) mixed with chemical dispersant (CPC OD-10) and inorganic nutrients. 2）It involved recycling a small portion of the primary sludge and then activating it to enhance its biosorptive and flocculent properties through 30-min aeration. The aerated sludge was then brought into contact with raw sewage to induce rapid biosorption of soluble COD and flocculation of colloidal organic before the mixture was settled in a regular primary clarifier.4、Results/findings/products (past tense)e.g. Three granitoid magmatic events were identified at 815 Ma, 700-730Ma, and 620-625Ma, which were marked by emplacement of the calc-alkaline Ujjukka granite and granodiorite, the anatectic Suqii-Wagga two-mica granite and the Guttin K-feldspar megacrystic granite, and the anorogenic Ganjii monzogranite, respectively.5、Discussion/Conclusions (present/past tense)e.g. The results showed that under traction free conditions subsidence was athree-dimensional problem and one-dimensional subsidence models tended to focus excessive amounts of vertical deformation near the pumped well. The magnitude of vertical deformation in one-dimensional subsidence models was exacerbated as the grid size became smaller in the vicinity of the pumping well. This was due to increased calculated drawdown in the vicinity of the well for more finely-spaced grids.6、Implications/applications (present tense)e.g. Our experimental results are directly applicable to porphyry coppersystems because in such systems temperature, PH, salinity and oxygen英文科技论文写作常用句式fugacity are similar to the experimental parameters. Application of our experimental results indicate that a typical porphyry systems can transport at least 40 tons of Pd if sources of platinum group elements (PGE) are available and the solubility-controlling phase is metallic Pd.7、limitations and suggestions for further studies (past/present tense for limitations, present/future tense for suggestions)e.g. 1) This study suggests that in order to achieve the highest treatmentlevel of secondary unchlorinated wastewater, a combination of aquaticponds and subsurface flow wetlands may be necessary.2) In general, source water quality, drinking water and wastewatertreatment should be viewed as one system in indirect potable re-use projects.3) However, because constructed wetlands, besides the water qualityimprovement function, perform a multitude of other functions such asbiodiversity, habitat, climatic, hydrological and public use functions, methodologies need to be developed to evaluate these functions and toweigh them in relation to the water quality issue.Structure of an Abstract：1、The first sentence in the Abstract:♦The purpose of this research is…♦The primary goal of this research is…♦The intention of this paper is to survey…♦The overall objective of thi s study is…♦The chief aim of the present work is to investigate…♦The purpose of this paper is to explain why…♦The primary object of this fundamental research is to reveal…♦The main objective of our investigation has been to obtain…♦The experiment made here is aimed at …♦The emphasis of this study lies in…♦The problem we have outlined here deals largely with the study of…♦This study examined…. (past tense)2、The next sentences：♦The method used in the study was…♦The technique applied is referred to as…♦The procedure was as follows…♦The approach adopted extensively is called…♦The experiment consisted of three steps:…♦Included in the experiment were…♦The test equipment which was used consisted of…♦Several sets of experiments were carried out to test the validity of…♦This formula is verified by…3、The ending part of an abstract：♦The results of the experiment indicated that …♦The studies showed that…♦The studies we carried out demonstrated that…♦The research suggested that…♦The investigation carried out by… revealed that…♦All the preliminary results threw light on …♦As a result of our experiments, we concluded that…♦From the experiments, we realized that…♦This fruitful work provided explanation to …♦The research work brought about a discovery of…♦These findings of the research led the author to the conclusion that…4、The last sentences:♦…should be further studied in relation to ...♦…should do…♦Further research into…is necessary.♦Further study should be made in relation to…♦Further investigation into…is needed.Introduction：Step 1: the nature and scope of the problem investigated. interest or importance, many other investigators active in the area.♦Recently, there has been a spate of interest in how to…♦In recent years, applied researchers have become increasingly in terested in…♦Recently, there has been wide interest in…♦The well-known…phenomena…have been favorite topics for analysis both in…♦Knowledge of …has a great importance for…♦The study of …has become an important aspect of…♦The effect of …has been studied exte nsively in recent years.♦Many investigators have recently turned to…♦The relationship between …has been studied by many authors.♦ A central issue in…is the validity of…Step 2: making a topic generalization.statements about knowledge or practice:♦The pathology of… is well known.♦There is now much evidence to support the hypothesis that…♦The …properties of …are still not completely understood.♦ A standard procedure for assessing has been…♦Education core courses are often criticized for…phenomena:♦…is a common finding in patients with…♦An elaborate system of…is found in the …♦English is rich in related words exhibiting “stress shifts”.♦There are many situations where examination scripts are marked and then re-marked by another examiner.Step3:Discuss the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating.Examples of integral citation forms（直接引用方式）:♦Halliday (2008) showed that the moon is …..♦Halliday’s theory (2008) claim s that …...♦Halliday’s (2008) theory of lunar composition has general support.♦According to Halliday (2008), the moon is…...Examples of indirect citation forms（间接引用方式）:♦Previous research has shown that the moon is …..(Brie, 1988).♦It has been shown that the moon is made of cheese (Brie, 1988).♦It has been established that the moon is made of cheese (Brie, 1988).♦The moon is probably made of cheese (Brie, 1988).♦The moon may be made of cheese (cf. Rock, 1989).Step4:Indicate a gap.♦No research has been don e on …♦Little effort has been spent on the study of…♦(Very) few researchers have investigated…♦The nature of…is overlooked.♦Researchers have failed to notice that…♦The result is misleading/questionable/inconclusive/limited.♦The result of…has several limita tions.♦The research can rarely cover…Step5: State the purpose♦The purpose of this study was to....♦We investigated three possible mechanisms to explain the ...(1) …….(2) …….♦This paper reports on the results obtained…♦The aim of the present paper is to give…♦The main purpose of the experiment reported here was to…♦This study was designed to evaluate…♦This paper aims to report the interaction of…Step6: rationale and approachFor example: State briefly how you approached the problem (e.g., you studied oxidative respiration pathways in isolated mitochondria of cauliflower). This will usually follow your statement of purpose in the last paragraph of the Introduction.Step7: the arrangement of the writing at the end of the Introduction.●This paper is divid ed into five major sections: Section one opens with….Section two presents…Section three deals with… Section Four reveals…Section five concludes the paper.●We have organized the rest of this paper in the following way…●This paper is structured as follow s…●The remainder of this paper is divided into five sections. Section IIdescribes…Materials and Methods1.… (method) was used to do….2.The study used/made use of/employed the method that….3.描述方法过程的连接词：and/and then/then/next/the next step/before that/after that.Conclusion or Discussion：•Based on the above discussion, the following conclusion can be made that …•From .., it can be concluded that…•In conclusion, the result shows that…•These findings of the research led to the conclusion that..•To sum up, t he research/this study reveals that…•In summary, the result of the experiment demonstrates that…•As a result of our experiments we concluded that…The results：•The data of the experiment are briefly summarized as follows.•Figure 4 shows the results of the study.•Table 6 presents the data obtained in the experiment.•This table summarizes the data collected in this study.•The findings of this study are summarized/listed in Table 7.•The outcome of the experiment is reported in the following table.ABSTRACTProcessing AIT logging information can get more accurate layer real resistivity and mud invasion depth and section. AIT results help to differentiate layer infiltration ability and fluid type, the calculation of mud invasion depth can instruct the level of oil reservoir to be polluted by well drilling directly and offer reference basis for the following work. The development of AIT offers new method to differentiate oil reservoir mud invade and thin layer and means and condition for establishing the explainable method of complex oil reservoir and raising the appraisement precision. This paper studied AIT principle and explainable method as well as contrast aspect with conventional induction resistivity. This paper presents some application examples of Huabei oilfield logging series optimization technology.Subject Terms：AIT logging contrast the method based of radial resistive rateInvasion thin layer apply1. 油集团从油田勘探开发的瓶颈问题入手，研究出一套较高勘探程度富油气凹陷的精细勘探方法，提出并实践了适合该区地质特点的勘探开发一体化地质研究与管理模式。

科技论文的常用句型与写作要点

科技论文的常用句型与写作要点科技论文是学术交流和研究成果发布的重要形式之一，对于科学研究人员而言，掌握科技论文的常用句型和写作要点是提高论文质量和影响力的关键。

本文将介绍一些常用的科技论文句型，并分享一些写作要点，帮助科研人员写出更加精彩和专业的科技论文。

一、常用句型1.表达引言和目的：–In recent years, there has been growing interest in…–The purpose of this study is to…–This paper aims to…–The intention of this research is to…这些句型常用于引出研究的背景和目的，为读者提供对研究主题的整体认识。

2.阐述问题：–One of the key research questions is…–The main problem addressed in this study is…– A major challenge in this field is…这些句型用于明确和阐述研究中需要解决的问题和挑战，引起读者的兴趣。

3.描述方法和实验过程：–The research was conducted using a quantitative/qualitative approach.–The experimental setup consisted of…–Data collection was performed through…在描述研究方法和实验过程时，可以使用这些句型来说明研究使用的方法和实验设计的细节。

4.呈现结果和数据分析：–The results of the study indicate…–The data analysis revealed that…–From the findings, it can be concluded that…通过使用这些句型，可以简明扼要地呈现研究的结果和对数据的分析。

科技英语写作句型

科技英语写作句型科技英语写作句型科技类英语作文一般针对他的现状和未来影响描写，下面是店铺分享的科技英语写作句型，希望能帮到大家!句型1)对……产生很大影响: have a great effect on(2)起很大作用：make a great difference(3)改变人们的生活：change one’s life(4)得益于、从……获益benefit from(5)与……有关联：relate to/ be linked to(6)能使用：have access to/ be accessible to(7)代替：take the place of(8)致力于：devote oneself to(9)实现：come true(10)赶上：keep/catch up with(11)与……不同：be different from/differ from(12)使某人能做：enable sb to do sth(13)把……考虑进去：take something into consideration(14)引起某人的注意：catch/attract the attention of sb(15)导致：lead to/contribute to/result in/ bring about(16)在某方面起重要的作用：play an important role in(17)提高人类的生活质量：improve the quality of life for humans(18)为治疗疾病而进行一项研究：carry out a research in the hope of curing the illnesses(19)科学技术是第一生产力。

Science and technology are a primary productive force.(20)随着互联网、个人电脑、3G手机的日益普及，我们的生活发生了巨大的变化或我们的生活精彩无限。

英语学术论文常用句型总结版

英语学术论文常用句型总结版1. According to previous studies, ...根据之前的研究，...2. The purpose of this study is to...本研究的目的是...3. The results indicate that...结果表明...4. Furthermore, it should be noted that...此外，值得注意的是...5. This study provides valuable insights into...本研究为...提供了有价值的见解。

6. The findings of this study have important implications for...本研究的发现对...有重要的意义。

7. It is worth mentioning that...值得一提的是...8. The limitations of this study should be acknowledged.应该承认本研究的局限性。

9. Future research should focus on...未来的研究应该关注...10. In conclusion, ...总之，...11. It can be concluded that...可以得出结论...12. This paper aims to explore...本文旨在探讨...13. A possible explanation for this phenomenon is that...这一现象的可能解释是...14. The results are consistent with previous research, indicating...结果与之前的研究一致，表明...15. The present study contributes to the literature by...本研究通过...对文献做出了贡献。

英文科技论文写作常用句型

现在把科技英文写作的一些常用句型、套路用语、转折、强调用语甚至是一些搞定评阅人的一些技巧拿出来与大家分享，希望新虫门能从中受惠，顺利跨国发表SCI文章这道坎。

如果觉得有用，别忘了评价。

一些常见的英文文章语言技巧a)如何指出当前研究的不足以及有目的地引导出自己的研究的重要性，通常在叙述了前人成果之后，用However来引导不足，比如However, little information..little attention...little work...little datalittle researchor few studiesfew investigations...few researchers...few attempts...or nonone of these studieshas (have) been lessdone on ...focused onattempted toconductedinvestigatedstudied(with respect to)Previous research (studies, records) has (have)failed to considerignoredmisinterpretedneglected tooverestimated, underestimatedmisleadedthus, these previus results areinconclisive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable, controversial.. Uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist ...这种引导一般提出一种新方法，或者一种新方向。

如果研究的方法以及方向和前人一样，可以通过下面的方式强调自己工作的作用：However, data is still scarcerareless accuratethere is still dearth ofWe need toaim tohave toprovide more documentsdatarecordsstudiesincrease the datasetFurther studies are still necessary...essential...为了强调自己研究的重要性，一般还要在However之前介绍自己研究问题的反方面，另一方面等等比如：1)时间问题如果你研究的问题时间上比较新，你就可以大量提及对时间较老的问题的研究及重要性，然后说(However)，对时间尺度比较新的问题研究不足2)物性及研究手段问题如果你要应用一种新手段或者研究方向，你可以提出当前比较流行的方法以及物质性质，然后说对你所研究的方向和方法，研究甚少。

英文科技写作句型和词汇表达总结

以前的研究：过去时，自己研究中做过的事：过去时，其他都用：现在时态。

研究发现的可能解释理由用助动词：can, may, might, it seems that, could,研究结果的评论不确定语气：appear, seem, it is likely that,二.词汇和常用表达结构1.图表所示、发现、揭示等as illustrated(seen, shown, observed) in Fig.1, as is evident fromfrom Fig.2, from the results,by observing Fig.2, based on the above analysis,Fig shows that, the results show,It is (can be) revealed (proved, suggested, observed, found, concluded, noticed, seen, believed) that, it is clear to see/observe that, it indicates(shows, imply) that, find out，it is evident that , it is assumed that ,As described below, as seen from, as explained above, as evident from, exhibitit follows that 由此断定…，由此得出结论…point outcast doubt on：对产生疑心2.得到、获得、obtain, get, attain, capture, acquire, achieve, gain,完成，实现: complete, accomplish, realize,通过什么方式去做，利用/使用through/via/by/with doing sth, using sth,by use of, by means of, make use of, with the aid ofuse, employ, utilize, adopt, put to use, put into use, apply,影响Affect, influence, impact on, have an effect on,发生，开始，occur, take place, happen, commence, begin, start, to start with, to begin with, at the beginning,显然、明显，Obviously, distinctly, clearly, significantly, apparently, remarkable, as seen, conspicuous,striking, dramatically解释，说明，考虑Explain, account for, allow for，take account for/of, be indicative of (说明，说明)Considering, take into account, with/without/in consideration of, regarding, concerning,描述、提出、说明：Illustrate, manifest, present, show, indicate, cite, describe, summarize, depict, annotate, appear, take on, plot, demonstrate, propose, put forward, put forth,比拟大小、多少Less than, greater, more, larger, comparable(可比拟的，相当的)经验的Empirical, experimental,做，执行等，Carry out, conduct, perform, do, implement,Have a good agreement, in good agreement with, match very well with, agree well with, show good agreement, in full agreement with, in line withcorresponding to/with, consistent with, in good accordance with, coincide with, concord with, fit well with研究，调查Study, investigate, explore, exploratory examine, make an investigation on/of/into, carry out a research到达，To reach this objectiveReach, approach, up to, add up to, come to, arrive, beyond, out of reach,验证，假设Validate, verify, justify，hypothesizeAssume, suppose, assumption, hypothesis,assume to be, it is assumed that… postulate 公设增加、上升、减少、下降Increase, decrease, reduce, reduce to, increase by(增加了多少), increase up to(增加到), rise to, give rise to, sth arise, increase with (随…增长/增加)完全地，根本地，详细地，具体地，深入的,类似地，Completely, entirely, adequately, mostly, extremely, truly, indeed, really, actually, mainly, primarily, detailed, in detail, in great detail, in more detail, for more details,Deeper, deeply, better, in depth,similarly, inadequately, notably, overly(过度地、极度地),Experimentally,改善、提高：improve, promote, boost, enhance, facilitate,相关，包括，大约大概：concerned with, relate to, with regard to,Be involved in/with, with respect to, be concerned with, as for,Around, about, approximately,决定：determine, decide, depend on ,rely on目的、试图：an attempt to, aim at, in an attempt to, the objective is, in order to, the aim of is tothe aim of this research is to do the purpose is , be aimed at,经历，保持: hold, keep, undergo, experience, remain, retain,导致：cause, induce, lead to, result in, originate from, arise from,根据，基于：according to, in terms of, in the light of, judge by, on the basis of, in view of, based on,On behalf of, in the form of, referring to, with reference to, in reference to除了：other than, apart from, with the exception of, except for/that, besides, in addition, additionally,理论上，事实上：in principle, in practice, in fact, in reality, in theory, theoretically,从某种程度上：To some extent, to a large/certain extent, in a way, in a sense, to some degree, in some sense,from the viewpoints of , from the perspective of,得出结论：draw a conclusion, come to/reach a conclusion,推断,猜想：Infer，derive from, deduce, speculate,认为，当作Consider as, regard as, refer to as,建立模型establish, create，build，run/do the simulationin the case of : 在…情况下遵循趋势：obey, follow trend, tendency，组成consist of , contain, be composed of, include,强调：highlight, emphasize, lay emphasis on , the emphasis is layed on集中：focus on, concentrate on , be centered on设定为to set to be区分、区分：discern，differentiate，identify as,其他专业词汇表达small batch production, small quantity production, high volume production, mass production,metal-formed product, micro-formed part,reproducibility: 再现性、重复性experimental determination,in particular, especially,评估，评价：evaluate, assess,扮作：act as,别离，隔绝，separate from, isolate, set apart from缺少：in the absence ofby convention：按照传统，惯例，使成为：make sth sthno longer〔不再〕but rather(相反的)be typical of (典型的)成反比：inversely scale with涉及，牵涉到：involve, cover,拓展：extend into最近，新近more recently，到目前为止，迄今to date,解释、提示原因或结果的转接词：attribute to, because, as a result of, therefore, thereby, in general, consequently, as predicted, in conclusion, since, as for, finally, hence, thus, as, for, due to, in summary, because of, when, cause, on account of, result in, owing to, contribute to, thanks to, lead to, the reason is, that is because, devoted to, accordingly, as a consequence of, arise from起逻辑演进作用的转接词：递进关系，不但…而且…等Furthermore, in addition, besides, first, second, third, finally, lastly, moreover, incidentally, in fact, in truth, as a matter of fact, for example, such as, next, then, for instance, take an instance of , likewise/as such(同样), again〔此外〕, at root, as well as, as follows, in the following, below, based on, above, above-mentioned, aforementioned, as with(正如，与一样，就来说)，as noted(正如前面所提到的)，additionally, in parallel,as stated( 如上所述)meanwhile：同时比照词，表示逻辑演进方向即将改变如但是等But, however, instead, nevertheless, despite, surprisingly, in spite of, nonetheless, in/by contrast to/with , for comparison, whereas, while, even though, although, compared with, regardless of, as compared to, with regard to, in relation to, by contrast, irrespective of, in comparison to与联系，联合：in association with同时，同样的，at the same time, in the same way, in the same time对应关系A vs.B versus三.英文研究论文中的表达句子substitute equation (1) into equation (2)把代入等式The scale in Fig (a) runs from black for low values to white for the highest Schmid factors.offers more insight into,holds for all three materials，四.英文科技论文中的语言技巧，不可不看a)如何指出当前研究的缺乏以及有目的地引导出自己的研究的重要性通常在表达了前人成果之后，用However来引导缺乏，比方However, little information..little attention...little work...little datalittle researchor few studiesfew investigations...few researchers...few attempts...or nonone of these studieshas (have) been lessdone on ...focused onattempted toconductedinvestigatedstudied(with respect to)Previous research (studies, records) has (have)failed to considerignoredmisinterpretedneglected tooverestimated, underestimatedmisleadedthus, these previous results areinconclusive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable, controversial.. Uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist ...这种引导一般提出一种新方法，或者一种新方向。

学术论文写作格式要求英文摘要常用句型

学术论文写作格式要求英文摘要常用句型1. Introduction （引言）- This paper aims to...- The purpose of this study is to...- The objective of this research is to...- This paper addresses the issue/problem of...2. Background （背景）- In recent years, there has been increasing interest in...- With the growing importance of...- Despite the extensive research on...- The existing literature has largely focused on...3. Methods （方法）- This study utilized a quantitative/qualitative research design.- Data was collected through surveys/interviews/observations.- The sample consisted of...- Statistical analysis was conducted using...4. Results （结果）- The findings of this study indicate that...- The results suggest that...- The analysis revealed that...- There is a significant correlation between...5. Discussion （讨论）- These results provide insights into...- The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of...- The present study contributes to the understanding of...- These findings are consistent with previous research in the field of...6. Conclusion （结论）- In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of...- Based on the findings, it can be concluded that...- This study provides valuable information for...- Further research is needed to explore...7. Limitations （限制）- Although this study has provided significant insights, it is not without limitations.- One limitation of this study is the small sample size.- Another limitation is the reliance on self-reported data.- Future research should address these limitations by...8. Implications （意义）- The findings of this study have practical implications for...- These results have important implications for policymakers/practitioners.- The implications of this study extend beyond the specific context of...- This research contributes to the theoretical understanding of...9. Future Directions （未来方向）- Future research should explore...- Further investigation is needed to determine...- Future studies could examine...- This research sets the stage for future research on...。

英文学术论文写作常用句型

（known /h eard/h ad/r ead, etc）Lack of in ter p ers on al sk ills is one of th e mos t serious d ef ec ts t hat we h ave ever kn ow n about t od ay' s（olle ge s tudents.缺乏人际交往技能是我们迄今所知的当今大学生的最大缺陷。

二、No th i ng is + ------- er th an to + VN oth i ng is + m or e + 形容词+ t ha n to + V例句：For pare nts, n o th i ng is m or e imp ort a nt t h a n to ed uc ate c h ildr en in a p ro per w ay. 没有比以一种正确方式教育孩子更重要的事情了。

三、 -- c ann ot em ph asiz e t he imp ort ance of ------------- to o m uch.（再怎么强调…的重要性也不为过。

）例句: We c an not em ph asiz e th e im por ta nee o f p rotec ting c ele br it ies ' pr iv acy to o m uch.我们再怎么强调保护名人隐私的也不为过。

四、T h ere is n o de ny i ng t hat + S + V ...（不可否认的...）例句: T h ere is no denying th at the pr act ic al it y of o ur high er ed ucat i on h as g o ne fro m bad t o w ors e.不可否认的，我们高等教育的实用性已经每况愈下。

英语科技论文写作的常用句式

本文来源于网络仅供参考阅读
英语科技论文写作的常用句式
导读：导语：英文科技论文写作是进行国际学术交流必需
的技能。

那么它的写作句式都有哪些？以下是小编为大家搜集的文章，欢迎大家阅读与借鉴！
研究现状模块的常用句式研究现状模块，主要阐述其他学者、也包括作者本人与论文要探讨的问题或现象相关的研究工作，通常先“总”后“分”地陈述。

研究现状这部分的目的是引出存在的问题。

“总述”常用一个句子概括相关的研究工作，一般用现在完成时：
(1)用主动语态时，常用researcher／author／investigator／writer等作主语，如：Many／Several／A number of／Few researchers have studied／investigated／examined／explored
／reported on／discussed／considered+研究主题．
(2)用被动语态时，常用study／research／investigation／experiment／work／attention等作主语。

如果描述“研究主题”的单词少，那么“研究主题”可置于句中，如：Many studies／researches ／investigationes／experimentes on+研究主题+have been performed／done／published．当描述“研究主题”的单词较多时，可置于句末，如：Mucebody for the analysis of+论文将要研究的
主题．
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最加分的英文学术论文常用句型，拿走不谢！

最加分的英文学术论文常用句型，拿走不谢！开始写学期论文了吧，是不是写着写着就词穷了？数据不会描述，观点不会引用，各种问题层出不穷，需要帮助了吧！小编这么贴心，当然知道你的需求咯！下面献上的这份超全面的英文学术论文常用句型，还不快收藏了好好学习！想要高分论文，小编只能帮你到这了！英文学术论文常用句型引用数据（图表、表格）1. 常用的动词：show, present, illustrate, summarize, demonstrate, contain, provide,list, report, give, reveal, display, indicate, suggest, describe, …2. as从句：As shown in …/ As can be seen in …/ As revealed by …引用/简述他人的研究/观点：1. XXX + Verb. + n./that … 其中Verb可以为：state,claim, argue, maintain, suggest, assert, hypothesize, conclude, describe,develop, propose, find, show, report, use, study, demonstrate, note, discuss,observe, explain, expand, publish, give, examine, analyze, focus, presume,speculate, assume, support, theorize, contend, recommend2. 其它：Based on …/ In the view of …/ According to …表达可能性：It is certain that …It is almost certain that …It is very probable/ highly likely that …It is probable/likely that …It is possible that …It is unlikely that …It is very/highly unlikely that …用于表达可能性的另一种途径：There is a definite possibility that …There is a strong possibility that …There is a good possibility that …There is a slight possibility that …There is little possibility that …表示例外：With the exception o f …Apart from …Except for …表示原因/缘由：be due tobe attibuted tobe accounted forbe a consequence ofstem from表示定义/命名：be namedbe calledbe denoted bybe known asbe defined asbe referred to引出设问句（不能直接使用设问句）：It is uncertain/unclear …It has not been determined …It is necessary to consider …The question remains …Current studies provide little information on …We need to know/consider …There is some question as to …Another issue raised by this study is …指出问题所在：This system/process/idea has its problems. There remains the issue of reliability.This model has some serious liminations. Few solutions have been found to …Little progress has been made in …The problem remains as to how …Researchers still have to find a way to …引出解决方案：Solutions to this problem are now widely discussed. One remedy is to …One method to address this difficulty is to …There are two possible ways of handling this problem. The first … The second …Several options are available to address this obstacle. Howe ver, the best one seems to be …A radically different design/model is needed to overcome this limitation.Recently, researchers have made significant progress in overcoming this difficulty by …引出中心话题：Recently, there has been growing interest in …The p ossibility of … has generated wide interest in …The development of … is a classic problem in …The development of … has led to the hope that …The … has become a favorite topic foranalysis …Knowledge of … has great importance for …The study of … has become an important aspect of …A central issue in … is …(The) … has been extensively studied inrecent years.Many investigators have recently turned to …The relationship between … and … has been investigated by many researchers.Many recent studies have focused on …表达相似之处：Similarly, …Likewise, …In the same fashion, …As in X, in Y …Like X, Y …The same …X is similar/comparable to YX resemble YX correspond to Y表达不同之处或比较/对照：In contrast, …Unlike X, Y …In contrast to …On the other hand, ……; however, ……, but …Whereas/While …, ……, whereas/while …X differ from YX is different from YX contrast with评价他人的研究/论著：1.正面：useful, important, interesting, clarity,accessibility,detailed, up-to-date, insightful, significant, comprehensive,practical, successful, remarkable, impressive, elegant, scholoarly, original,perceptive, rigorous, economical2.负面：inconsistent, restricted,misleading, thin, anecdotal, sloppy总结：Overall, …In general, …On the whole, …In the main, …With … exception(s), …The overall results indicate …The results indicate, overall, that …指出本研究的局限：It should be noted that this study has been primarily concerned with …This analysis has concentrated on …The findings of this study are restricted to …Th is study has addressed only the question of …The limination of this study are clear: …We would like to point out that we have not …指出研究结果的局限：However, the findings do not imply …The results of this study cannot be taken asevidence for …Unfortunately, we are unable to determine from this data …The lack of … means that we cannot be certain …指出本研究的意义：Notwithstanding its limitations, this study does suggest …Despite its preliminary character, the research reported here would seem to in dicate …However exploratory, this study may offer some insight into …。

科技论文常用英语句型葵花宝典

Part One 科技论文写作英语句型库一、摘要This paper derives the…This paper puts forward a new method to …二、引文研究目的（（purpose of the study）1．研究目的This problem concerned (deals, bears)(briefly, meanly, largely) with …This is a problem relating to …Our work is devoted to…The Primery goal of the present research is..The work presented in this paper focuses in…The work presented in this paper focuses on several aspects of …The chief aim of study is …The laboratory study demonstrates (suggestes, indicates, reveals, establishes) …Doing this work, we intend (hope, expect, attempt) to…Carry out (undertaking, performing, initiating) this study, we hope to …The principal purpose (objective, task) of the present (preliminery, further) work is to investage the features of (mechanisms involved in, effects prodused by) …背景和历史（（background and history）2．背景和历史This problem was (first) advanced by …The Problem under discussion was formulated ( raised, posed, brought up, put forward) by …Since then the problem has attracted (fascinated) many scientists (workers in this field) .. This problem has been clarified (e;usidated, solved) …The problem as can be seen (is to know) is (still) poorly (inadequately) understood. Compared with the current research, the previous work was in connection with …The work we are doing is closely related to the deliberations described in …The new findings from the experiment agree well with the results obtained in …Several (numerous, many, few) studies are made (carried out, performed) to elucidate the nature (understand the behavior, reveal the cause) of …Astudy of the the kind has (never) been made (until now, until a few years ago)3．问题的难易程度问题的难易程度（（difficulty of the problem）It seems (exceedingly, enormously) difficulty to obtain knowledge of the problem …It proves (totally, quite) impossible (unrealistic) to try …It is rather difficulte to solve the problem …The problem is rather involved …The problem involves (cetain, tremendous) difficulties.It is easy to present (reveal, analyze, discuss) the problem in all its complexity (in every detail).It is no easy task to gain a insight into the intricate detail of …4．问题的范围问题的范围（（scope of the problem）The main aspect (core, essence) of problem is …Studies of these effects cover various aspects of …Our studies with this technique confine to …The problem is within the scope of …Our problem lies beyond the range of …二、正文理论说明（（theoretical explanations）1．理论说明Our theory is based on the assumption that …This theory proceeds from the idea (principle) of …The underlying concept of the theory is as follows.There is a similar (alternative, tentative) theory that …The basic (essential, fundamental) feature of this theory is …The object of this theory is to …The newly advanced theory has some advantages (assets, strong points, positive features, deficiencies, drawback, inadequacies, flaws, shortcomings) .The validity of the theory has become obvious in the light of recent findings.This newly-developed theory finds experimental support ..The theory received universal recognition (general acceptance).公式推导（（formulas derivation）2．公式推导… is given by:… as follows:… as in the following:… the following equation is obtained.… this becomestherefore, we have… can be expressed as… can be derived:… can be written:… can be described by …… can be represented as方法介绍（（method introduction）3．方法介绍the method of … was first developed by …the method of …came into use as long ago asthe original proposal of this method was first published in …the method we used differs from the conventional one.The newly-elaborated technique is different from the one previously used.The method is now greatly improved. …The procedure we followed has certain advantages over the existing method.One of the assets of the technique is its simplicity (reliability, sensitivity).Another good feature of this method is …This method allows us to demonstrate …The above procedure makes it possible to evaluate …This method is capable of providing …实验描述（（experiment description）4．实验描述We made (carried out, performed, initiated ) this experiment to show (demonstrate, elucidate, evaluate) a correlation between (certain phenomena, the mechanism of, the hypothesis of, some features of )…Experiments on … are made (underway) to …Earlier (previous) experiments with this technique were intended (designed, designated) to …The experiments reported here demonstrate a variety of changes in (a correlation between, a much resistance to) …Our experiment support our assumption (hypothesis, evidence) that …Recent experiments with … furnish some new information (for the data, new evidence) about the mechanism (the influence) of …Further experiments in this area lead us to conclude (believe, suggest) that …From these experiments we can conclude that …三、结论结果的意义（（meaning of the results）1．结果的意义The results presented in this paper are (seem) …The findings reported here is (quite) striking (remarkable, fascinating).These preliminary findings are very reliable (encouraging, promising. Convincing, ambiguous)The results reported here prove (confirm, suport, bear out) the hypothesis (assumption, observation) that …The above findings can be viewed (approached) as follows (in terms of.., from other standpoint).We can consider (interpret, look at) these results as fully reliable (consistent with) …This fruitful work gives explanation to …导致结论（（Conclusion deduced）2．导致结论Our findings suggests that …These findings lead the auther to a conclusion that …Our data leave open the question of whether …In the future, we will extend the persent studies to …Our work has contributed to the understanding of …The research work has brought about a discovery of …Further progress can be provided by this experiment.四常用语句1．It has been generally accepted that … could be …As mentioned above, ….It is emphasized that …2．时间In recent years, there are …Part Two PaperBeginning1. In this paper, we focus on the need for2. This paper proceeds as follow.3. The structure of the paper is as follows.4. In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts5. To begin with we will provide a brief background on theIntroduction1. This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are defined.2. Details on xx and xx are discussed in later sections.3. In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are considered.Review1. This review is followed by an introduction.2. A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section 2.3. In the next section, a brief review of the .... is given.4. In the next section, a short review of ... is given with special regard to ...5. Section 2 reviews relevant research related to xx.6. Section 1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 1.2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility methods.Body1. Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for its importance.2. Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decision making logic.3. Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includes xxx4. Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to, natural language understanding.5. Section 2 explains how flexibility which often ... can be expressed in terms of fuzzy time window6. Section 3 discusses the aspects of fuzzy set theory that are used in the ...7. Section 3 describes the system itself in a general way, including the ….. and also discusses how to evaluate system performance.8. Section 3 describes a new measure of xx.9. Section 3 demonstrates the use of fuzzy possibility theory in the analysis of xx.10. Section 3 is a fine description of fuzzy formulation of human decision.11. Section 3, is developed to the modeling and processing of fuzzy decision rules12. The main idea of the FLC is described in Section 3 while Section 4 describes the xx strategies.13. Section 3 and 4 show experimental studies for verifying the proposed model.14. Section 4 discusses a previous fuzzy set based approach to cost variance investigation.15. Section 4 gives a specific example of xxx.16. Section 4 is the experimental study to make a fuzzy model of memory process.17. Section 4 contains a discussion of the implication of the results of Section 2 and 3.18. Section 4 applies this fuzzy measure to the analysis of xx and illustrate its use on experimental data.19. Section 5 presents the primary results of the paper: a fuzzy set model ..20. Section 5 contains some conclusions plus some ideas for further work.21. Section 6 illustrates the model with an example.22. Various ways of justification and the reasons for their choice are discussed very briefly in Section 2.23. In Section 2 are presented the block diagram expression of a whole model of human DM system24. In Section 2 we shall list a collection of basic assumptions which a ... scheme must satisfy.25. In Section 2 of this paper, we present representation and uniqueness theorems for the fundamental measurement of fuzziness when the domain of discourse is order dense.26. In Section 3, we describe the preliminary results of an empirical study currently in progress to verify the measurement model and toconstruct membership functions.27. In Section 5 is analyzed the inference process through the two kinds of inference experiments...This Section1. In this section, the characteristics and environment under which MRP is designed are described.2. We will provide in this section basic terminologies and notations which are necessary for the understanding of subsequent results.Next Section2. The next section describes the mathematics that goes into the computer implementation of such fuzzy logic statements.3. However, it is cumbersome for this purpose and in practical applications the formulae were rearranged and simplified as discussed in the next section.4. The three components will be described in the next two section, and an example of xx analysis of a computer information system will then illustrate their use.5. We can interpret the results of Experiments I and II as in the following sections.6. The next section summarizes the method in a from that is useful for arguments based on xxSummary1. This paper concludes with a discussion of future research consideration in section 5.2. Section 5 summarizes the results of this investigation.3. Section 5 gives the conclusions and future directions of research.4. Section 7 provides a summary and a discussion of some extensions of the paper.5. Finally, conclusions and future work are summarized6. The basic questions posed above are then discussed and conclusions are drawn.7. Section 7 is the conclusion of the paper.Chapter 0. Abstract1. A basic problem in the design of xx is presented by the choice of a xx rate for the measurement of experimental variables.2. This paper examines a new measure of xx in xx based on fuzzy mathematics which overcomes the difficulties found in other xx measures.3. This paper describes a system for the analysis of the xx.4. The method involves the construction of xx from fuzzy relations.5. The procedure is useful in analyzing how groups reach a decision.6. The technique used is to employ a newly developed and versatile xx algorithm.7. The usefulness of xx is also considered.8. A brief methodology used in xx is discussed.9. The analysis is useful in xx and xx problem.10. A model is developed for a xx analysis using fuzzy matrices.11. Algorithms to combine these estimates and produce a xx are presented and justified.12. The use of the method is discussed and an example is given.13. Results of an experimental applications of this xx analysis procedure are given to illustrate the proposed technique.14. This paper analyses problems in15. This paper outlines the functions carried out by ...16. This paper includes an illustration of the ...17. This paper provides an overview and information useful for approaching18. Emphasis is placed on the construction of a criterion function by which the xx in achievinga hierarchical system of objectives are evaluated.19. The main emphasis is placed on the problem of xx20. Our proposed model is verified through experimental study.21. The experimental results reveal interesting examples of fuzzy phases of: xx, xx22. The compatibility of a project in terms of cost, and xx are likewise represented by linguistic variables.23. A didactic example is included to illustrate the computational procedureChapter 1. IntroductionTime1. Over the course of the past 30 years, .. has emerged form intuitive2. Technological revolutions have recently hit the industrial world3. The advent of ... systems for has had a significant impact on the4. The development of ... is explored5. During the past decade, the theory of fuzzy sets has developed in a variety of directions6.The concept of xx was investigated quite intensively in recent years7. There has been a turning point in ... methodology in accordance with the advent of ...8. A major concern in ... today is to continue to improve...9. A xx is a latecomer in the part representation arena.10. At the time of this writing, there is still no standard way of xx11. Although a lot of effort is being spent on improving these weaknesses, the efficient andeffective method has yet to be developed.12. The pioneer work can be traced to xx [1965].13. To date, none of the methods developed is perfect and all are far from ready to be used in commercial systems.Objective / Goal / Purpose1. The purpose of the inference engine can be outlined as follows:2. The ultimate goal of the xx system is to allow the non experts to utilize the existing knowledge in the area of manual handling of loads, and to provide intelligent, computer aided instruction for xxx.3. The paper concerns the development of a xx4. The scope of this research lies in5. The main theme of the paper is the application of rule based decision making.6. These objectives are to be met with such thoroughness and confidence as to permit ...7. The objectives of the ... operations study are as follows:8. The primary purpose/consideration/objective of9. The ultimate goal of this concept is to provide10. The main objective of such a ... system is to11. The aim of this paper is to provide methods to construct such probability distribution.12. In order to achieve these objectives, an xx must meet the following requirements:13. In order to take advantage of their similarity14. more research is still required before final goal of ... can be completed15. In this trial, the objective is to generate...16. for the sake of concentrating on ... research issues17. A major goal of this report is to extend the utilization of a recently developed procedure for the xx.18. For an illustrative purpose, four well known OR problems are studied in presence of fuzzy data: xx.19. A major thrust of the paper is to discuss approaches and strategies for structuring ..methods20. This illustration points out the need to specify21. The ultimate goal is both descriptive and prescriptive.22. Chapter 2. Literature Review23. A wealth of information is to be found in the statistics literature, for example, regarding xx24. A considerable amount of research has been done .. during the last decade25. A great number of studies report on the treatment of uncertainties associated with xx.26. There is considerable amount of literature on planning27. However, these studies do not provide much attention to uncertainty in xx.28. Since then, the subject has been extensively explored and it is still under investigation as well inmethodological aspects as in concrete applications.29. Many research studies have been carried out on this topic.30. Problem of xx draws recently more and more attention of system analysis.31. Attempts to resolve this dilemma have resulted in the development of32. Many complex processes unfortunately, do not yield to this design procedure and have,therefore, not yet been automated.33. Most of the methods developed so far are deterministic and /or probabilistic in nature.34. The central issue in all these studies is to35. The problem of xx has been studied by other investigators, however, these studies have been based upon classical statistical approaches.36. Applied ... techniques to37. Characterized the ... system as38. Developed an algorithm to39. Developed a system called ... which40. Uses an iterative algorithm to deduce41. Emphasized the need to42. Identifies six key issues surrounding high technology43. A comprehensive study of the... has been undertaken44. Much work has been reported recently in these filed45. Proposed/Presented/State that/Described/Illustrated/Indicated/Has shown / showed/Address/Highlights46. Point out that the problem of47. A study on ...was done / developed by []48. Previous work, such as [] and [], deal only with49. The approach taken by [] is50. The system developed by [] consists51. A paper relevant to this research was published by []52. []'s model requires consideration of...53. []' model draws attention to evolution in human development54. []'s model focuses on...55. Little research has been conducted in applying ... to56. The published information that is relevant to this research...57. This study further shows that58. Their work is based on the principle of59. More history of ... can be found in xx et al. [1979].60. Studies have been completed to established61. The ...studies indicated that62. Though application of xx in the filed of xx has proliferated in recent years, effort in analyzing xx, especially xx, is lacking.Problem / Issue / Question63. Unfortunately, real-world engineering problems such as manufacturing planning do not fit well with this narrowly defined model. They tend to span broad activities and require consideration of multiple aspects.64. Remedy / solve / alleviate these problems67. ... is a difficult problem, yet to be adequately resolved68. Two major problems have yet to be addressed69. An unanswered question70. This problem in essence involves using x to obtain a solution.71. An additional research issue to be tackled is ....72. Some important issues in developing a ... system are discussed73. The three prime issues can be summarized:74. The situation leads to the problem of how to determine the ...75. There have been many attempts to76. It is expected to be serious barrier to77. It offers a simple solution in a limited domain for a complex Part Three Others1、对……作一分析/研究/比较make an analysis of …make a study of …make a comparison of A with/and Bmake a comparison between A and B2、对……作一介绍/描述/解释give an introduction to …give a description of …give an explanation of …3、对……的研究/分析/比较表明……A study of … shows that…An analysis of … shows that…4、我们必须……It is necessary for us to do…We must do…5、我们能够……It is possible for us to do…We can do…We are able to do…We are capable of doing…We are in a position to do…6、值得注意的是……It is worth noting that…What is worth noting is that…7、必须解这个方程把未知数求出来。

英文科技论文写作-经典常用例句

经典常用例句目录经典常用例句 (1)目录 (1)说明 (5)常用动词 (6)一、中性词 (6)1. （文章等）给出、研究、建立、提出、提供 (6)2. 由...得到、得出、得到（结论等）.. (6)3. 集中、侧重、强调、注重、聚焦、着重、投精力于 (6)4. 用、使用、应用、采用、采取 (7)5. 构造、形成、构成、由...构成、由...组成.. (8)6. 覆盖、包括 (8)7. 包含、包括、涉及 (8)8. 认为、发现、观察 (9)9. 基于、建立在...基础上.. (10)10. 在于 (10)11. 放、置于 (10)12. 影响 (10)13. 考虑、考虑到 (11)14. 回到、追溯、回归、回顾 (11)15. 寻求、打算 (11)16. 确定、决定、作决定 (11)17. 刻画、描述、表述、描绘、叙述、陈述 (12)18. 指示、显示、表明、指出、指明、标明 (12)19. 意味着、推断、暗示、建议 (12)20. 描述、刻画、理解 (12)21. 需要指出的是、需要强调的是、需要注意的是 (13)22. 推荐、建议、劝告 (13)23. 展示、表现、展现 (13)24. 控制、管理、监管、安排 (13)25. 使得 (13)26. 扩展、拓展、扩张 (13)27. 改变、变更、变化、修改 (14)28. 贡献、占据、捐献 (14)29. 持续、维持 (14)30. 近似、逼近 (14)31. 接近、接触、进入 (14)32. 成为 (14)33. 趋势、趋向、潮流、发展（变化）方向 (15)二、褒义词 (15)1. 保证、确保、担保 (15)2. 澄清、解释、解释为 (15)3. 证明、证实、演示、例证 (15)4. 尽、尽量、尽力、尽可能的 (16)5. 努力、尝试 (16)6. 给出、提出、提供、给予、供给 (16)7. 能、使能、能够、有能力 (17)8. 增加、增长、增强、加强 (17)9. 胜过、超过、比...多 (17)10. 水平、有水平、高水平 (18)11. 有、享有、允许有、拥有、具有、带有 (18)12. (对...)起作用、有效、运行（执行）良好 .. (19)13. 优化 (19)14. 支持、赞成、推荐、喜欢、更喜欢 (19)15. 期待、期望、指望、有望、有希望 (20)16. 提高、改进、有利于、发展、健康运行 (20)17. 进行、执行、实现、贯彻、完成 (20)18. 解决、克服、突破、避免 (21)19. 使...简单（容易）、简洁、简便、方便、简单 . (22)20. 优点、利益、好处 (22)21. 有价值、具有理论价值、应用价值（工程应用、价值） (23)常用名词 (23)一、中性词 (23)I. 单纯性名词 (23)II. 动词的名词形式 (23)III. 动名词 (23)二、褒义词 (23)I. 单纯性名词 (23)II. 动词的名词形式 (24)III. 动名词 (24)三、贬义词 (24)I. 单纯性名词 (24)II. 动词的名词形式 (24)III. 动名词 (24)常用连词 (24)一、比、象、如、连（联） (24)1. 象、如、例如、正如 (24)2. 联系、相关、联合、连接、关联、关系 (24)3. 相似、类似、与...一样（相似）. (25)4. 比、比较、对比 (26)5. 比...好，优于、超过、比...高、不亚于. (27)6. 比...差、不如、不比...好、比...少 (28)二、因为、为了、所以、目标、观点、角度 (28)1. 因为、由于、鉴于、归功于、归因于 (28)2. 因此，所以 (29)3. 为、为了、为了...目的.. (29)4. 目标、目的 (30)5. 从...观点来看、从...角度讲、在...意义下、以...意义来看 .. (30)常用短语/习语、常用副词/介词 (30)1. 在...的前沿，在...领域.. (30)2. 在...框架内. (30)3. 事先、预先、先于、在...以前、先前的、在前的 (31)4. 适合于、适用于、可行的 (31)5. 重要的、有用的、本质的、关键的、有益的、作为工具的 (31)6. 剩余的、其余的、剩下的 (32)7. 详细的、详细地 (32)8. 以...（速度、顺序、尺寸、步长、字体等等）. (32)9. 就...而言、从...方面来看、在...方面.. (32)10. 倾向于、易于 (32)11. 可接受的、能接受的 (33)12. 直接的、直截了当的、显然的、平凡的、容易的 (33)13. 可利用的、可获得的、空闲的 (33)14. 上（半）部分、下（半）部分、左（右）上部、左（右）下部 (33)15. 稍微的（地）、稍稍的（地）、稍许 (34)16. 显然、明显的 (34)17. 大量的、丰富的 (34)18. 怎样、怎么 (34)19. 无论如何...、不管如何...、无论何事 (34)语法及特殊结构、用法 (34)1. 现在分词的用法 (34)2. 过去分词的用法 (36)3. 不定式的用法：作宾语、作后置定语 (38)4. 缩写、略写、省略句 (38)5. 特殊符号的用法 (39)6. 特殊句式 (40)7. （特殊）语法结构：独立主格结构、虚拟语气等等 (41)负面表述 (42)一、否定形式 (42)1. Not及No的形式否定 (42)2. 介词意义否定 (43)3. 动词意义否定 (44)4. 短语意义否定 (44)5. 形容词短语意义否定 (45)6. 形容词、副词及其比较级意义否定 (45)7. 前缀及后缀否定 (45)8. 连词意义否定 (46)二、贬义动词 (46)1. 出现、发生、遇到、遭遇 (46)2. 牵扯、牵涉、卷入、包含 (47)3. 阻止 (47)4. 导致、引起、招致、受困于 (48)5. 掩盖、遮住、隐瞒、隐藏 (48)6. 欺骗、被骗 (48)7. 忽略、忽视、省略、避免 (49)8. 除...外、除...外（还有）. (49)9. 排除、去除、删除、去掉、移动 (49)10. 降低、减少、退化、恶化、减小 (49)11. 失败、失效、舍弃 (50)12. 歪曲、曲解、扭曲 (50)13. 滥用、混淆、盲目 (50)14. 要求、需要、必需、必需品、必须 (50)三、贬义短语、名词、形容词、介词、连词 (52)1. 不便，麻烦，繁重 (52)2. 破费、昂贵、在损害...的情况下、以损害...为代价.. (52)3. 冒险、风险 (53)4. 挑战 (53)5. 缺点、缺陷、局限、不利条件 (53)6. 困难、麻烦、障碍、损失（不利结果） (54)7. 苛刻的、苛求的、受限的、有限的 (54)8. 差、差的、最差、最差的 (54)9. 尽管、不管、不论 (55)四、矛盾（常用于反证法） (55)五、区别、不同、与...不同.. (55)图、表、例 (56)1. 图 (56)2. 表 (56)3. 例 (56)文章的结尾部分 (56)1. 经验、教训 (56)2. 总结、概括、报告、结论 (57)3. 将来的工作（研究）、开放性的问题 (57)4. 附录 (58)5. 感谢、感激 (58)6. （文献）引用、参考 (58)专业知识 (59)一、控制 (59)二、测量 (59)三、神经网络 (60)1. 数据及其处理 (60)2. 神经网络的结构与算法 (60)3. 神经网络的训练 (61)4. 神经网络训练的偏差与精度 (62)5. 神经网络训练的收敛性（稳定） (62)6. 神经网络的逼近性能与特点 (63)数学常用语 (64)1. 向量、空间、系统的维数 (64)2. 微分、求导、初等变换、可微的（可导的）、导数 (64)3. 解方程、给出...的解 (64)4. 张成向量空间、取秩 (64)5. 距离、度量 (64)6. 平方根 (65)7. 区间 (65)8. 精度、准确性、精确性 (65)9. 前提、前提条件、充要条件 (65)10. 在...情况/条件/背景/前提下、背景、情况、前提.. (65)11. 满足条件、满足要求、条件成立、结论成立 (67)12. 可能性、概率、百分比 (67)13. （作）差、距离、差值 (68)14. 带入、替代 (68)15. 迭代 (68)16. 划分、分类、分组、分解 (68)17. 逐步、逐点、逐渐 (69)18. 等价、等于 (69)19. 收敛、收敛速度 (69)20. 有限步内 (69)21. 计算、计算量 (69)说明1.“经典常用例句”在其注释中包含“经典短语、经典搭配”等；2. 这些例句均摘自“美国（或英国）原版外文材料（论文或图书）”，完全值得信赖和模仿。

英语科技论文常用句型结构 new

英语科技论文常用句型结构1. Introduction(引言):引言中作者通常提出问题并说明论文的研究目的。

1）研究目的（1）论文导向使用paper, thesis或dissertation这样的特征名词，直接提及研究论文本身，而且此类句子通常采用一般现在时态。

常用的句型有：The purpose of this paper is…/The aim of this report is…/The objective of the paper is to obtain quantitative about the particles size distribution/to model the dynamic behavior in the super-or near-critical CO2 extraction.（2）研究导向study, research, investigation或experiment等特征名词被用来强调研究活动本身。

这类句子是表达已经过去的事情，所以使用一般过去时态。

The purpose of the experiment reported here was…/The aim of this study was…/The objective of this research was to determine the preferred viewing distance for work at a visual display unit./to examine the apparent osmotic behavior of some contemporary commercial reverse osmosis membranes.或用被动结构：In the research described here, /In this study, /In the present investigation, /In this research, /In the experimentsreported here, vertical nutrient mixing in late summer in a test area 20 kilometers off the coast was examined.描述研究目的时，最简单的句型是用this paper, this study, this project, this research等词做主语，后面用实意动词作谓语，如investigate, discuss, examine, test等，宾语为研究内容。

科技论文中常用的句式

一、提出观点：一、提出观点：主观角度：1) we confirm （确认、证实）（确认、证实） that ：表示不是本文最新提出的：表示不是本文最新提出的2) we believe that ：自信的观点：自信的观点不是本文最新提出的一般不用以上两种不是本文最新提出的一般不用以上两种3) results + indicate that Infer that Suggest that Imply that 4) we + put forword Discover Observe 千万不要加for the first time 5）表示不太肯定，倾向于）表示不太肯定，倾向于we tentatively （暂时地；试验性地）put forward that The results may be due to This is probably a consequence of It seems that *** can account for （对…负有责任；对…做出解释；说明……的原因）this It is possible that it stems from （起源于，比较地道）（起源于，比较地道）其中possible 不建议使用不建议使用以上：文中全用1）没创新；全用5）不确定；全用2）则会被拒）则会被拒二、逻辑性二、逻辑性连接词：however ，提出其他观点：also ，in addition 表结果：consequently ，递进：afterwards （后来）, moreover, further/furthermore 转折：although 、 in contrast 、 similarly 、 alternatively 因此：therefore 除此之外：despite 时间顺序：如：AA AA advocated advocated advocated it it it for for for the the the first first first time, time, time, then then then BB BB BB furthermore furthermore furthermore demonstrate demonstrate demonstrate that that that……., afterwords, CC …..More recent studies by DD …. AA 提出，BB 提出：AA put forward that …. In contrast, BB believe that …. unlike AA/on the contrary. AA put forward that … similarly, BB believe that …alternatively also 句子间用：firstly,firstly,……secondly secondly……. 三、其他三、其他1. 第一次缩写，必须要写说明：如CSP for short …，或者we present a new mobility model, called Selfsimilar Least-Action Walk (SLAW),不要全盘否定前人成果（即使认为不对），不要说their results are wrong 或者或者very questionable 或has no commonsense 可以说可以说 their studies may be more reasonable if they had…. Considered this situation …. their results could better convinced that …their conclusion may remain some uncertains …2. 不是综述不写future work 提别人的错误，用在讨论中比较提别人的错误，用在讨论中比较提自己的不足：1) it should be noted that this study has research/focus on only… 2)Some limitation of this study are …We have pointed that .. 上述两种说法指出文章的片面性上述两种说法指出文章的片面性提出不足后，要能转回来，否则不提：提出不足后，要能转回来，否则不提：1) the results do not imply …2) the results can not be used to determine …3) unfortunately, we can not determine this from this data 4) our results are lack of …转回来：转回来：Not withstanding its limitation, this study does suggest….(解决不了) Not withstanding ：虽然：虽然However ，these problems can be solved if …. 3. 参考文献尽量新，写审稿人、权威作者的文献参考文献尽量新，写审稿人、权威作者的文献尽量不写尽量不写 et al. 两个作者一定都要写，写页数，加上自己的论文。

英文科技论文写作经典常用例句

英文科技论文写作经典常用例句在当前的学术领域，英文科技论文写作成为了一个必要的技能。

在此过程中，例句的使用是不可或缺的因素。

在这篇文章中，我们将会介绍一些经典和常用的英文科技论文例句，帮助你更好的理解和应用这些例句。

1. Paper introduction在论文引言部分，你需要尽快抓住读者的注意力。

下面是一些可以帮助你写作引言部分的例句：- The present paper aims to investigate…- Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in…- Nowadays, various methods have been proposed to…- The urgent need for… has prompted researchers to investigate…2. Literature review对于一个好的文献回顾来说，需要您引用相关文献，探讨现有的研究和进展，和这些文献有关的观点可以用如下的例句：- According to previous research,…- Prior studies have shown that…- Several authors have proposed…- Previous studies have demonstrated that…3. Materials and methods在材料和方法部分，需要详细的说明您的研究方法和实验过程。

如下是几个常用的例句：- The study employed a questionnaire consisting of several items…- A survey was condu cted to collect data on…- In order to test the hypothesis, a controlled experiment was conducted…- The data was analyzed using a variety of statistical techniques…4. Results在结果部分，您应该总结您的数据，并展示您的研究结果。

科技英语写作中的常用写作句型归纳与总结

科技英语写作常用写作句型归纳与总结1、对……作一分析/研究/比较make an analysis of …make a study of …make a comparison of A with/and Bmake a comparison between A and B2、对……作一介绍/描述/解释give an introduction to …give a description of …give an explanation of …3、对……的研究/分析/比较表明……A study of … shows that…An analysis of … shows that…4、我们必须……It is necessary for us to do…We must do…5、我们能够……It is possible for us to do…We can do…We are able to do…We are capable of doing…We are in a position to do…6、值得注意的是……It is worth noting that…What is worth noting is that…7、必须解这个方程把未知数求出来。

It is necessary to solve the equation for the unknown.8、直接应用这个定律我们就可以得到……Direct application of this law yields/gives/produces/results in/leads to…By direct application of this law we obtain/have/get…9、可取的/恰当的做法是……It is well/proper/appropriate to do…10、我们想要……We wish to do…One wishes to do…It is desired to do…11、本书已经出版三年了。

英文科技论文写作经典常用例句

英文科技论文写作经典常用例句英文科技论文在写作过程中，常常需要使用特定的语言表达方式和例句，以确保论文的准确性和可信度。

以下是英文科技论文写作中常用的例句，可供参考。

1. IntroductionIntroduce the background or purpose of the study:- The aim of this study is to investigate…- In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in…- The importance of this study lies in…Introduce the research question or hypothesis:- The research question is whether…- Our hypothesis is that…2. Literature ReviewDiscuss previous studies and their findings:- According to [Name], their fin dings suggest that…- [Name] identified that…- Evidence from previous research suggests that…Compare and contrast different studies:- While [Name] found that…, [Name] reported that…- Although some studies have found…, others have reported…Outline the limitations of previous research:- However, it should be noted that there are limitations to these studies.- One limitation of this previous research is…- Despite the important contributions of these studies, they do not fully address…3. MethodsDescribe the study design and procedures:- This study employed a mixed-methods approach, involving…- Participants completed a series of questionnaires and underwent a series of tests…- Data was collected through interviews and observations…Report on sample size and participant characteristics:- The sample consisted of [number] participants…- Participants were selected based on specific criteria, including…- The majority of participants were [age range, gender, etc.]…Detail the data analysis procedures:- All data was analyzed using [statistical software or method]…- Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis…- A series of regression analyses were conducted to investigate…4. ResultsReport on the main findings:- The results show that…- Statistically significant differences were found between…- Overall, the findings suggest that…Present data using tables and figures:- As shown in Table [number]…- Figure [number] illustrates the relationship between…- The results are su mmarized graphically in Figure [number]…5. DiscussionInterpret the results and their implications:- The results of this study have important implications for…- These findings are consistent with previous research, which suggests…- The significance of these results lies in their potential to…Address limitations of the study:- One limitation of this study is the sample size…- Another limitation is the potential for [bias, confounding variables, etc.]…- Despite these limitations, the findings are still valuable because…6. ConclusionSum up the main findings and their implications:- Overall, this study has shown that…- These findings have important implications for [field, practice, policy, etc.]…- This study provides valuable insights into [topic] and highlights the need for further research in this area.7. Reference ListList all cited sources in alphabetical order:- [Name]. (Year). [Title of article]. [Journal name], [volume number], [page range].- [Name]. (Year). [Title of book]. [Publisher].- [Name]. (Year). [Title of report]. Retrieved from [URL or database].以上例句仅供参考，具体用法要结合实际情况和论文的要求。