在职攻读硕士学位全国联考教育硕士英语二试题册
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题及解析
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题及解析（江南博哥）材料题根据下面资料，回答1-20题Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.1,when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it2. As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing3on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of4the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to5my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate6of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight7altering your training program. The most8changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these9, I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule10.Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for meto11my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observeand12any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to13my training program.I use my bimonthly weight-in14to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I'm constantly15and dropping weight, this is a16that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The17to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I'm experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a18morning weigh-in. I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals,19I'm training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than20over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1、[单选题]第（1）题选A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Besides正确答案：C参考解析：首段提出文章中心：定期称重是一种了解体重波动的好方法。
在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题
2009年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Paper OneDialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Man: Have you seen my glasses anywhere?Woman: No.________.Man: Yes. And I can't see a thing without them.A. Anything wrong?B. Can't you find them?C. Did you lose them?D. Can I help you?2. Speaker A: Hey, it's beautiful out today, isn't it?Speaker B: ________.A. Tomorrow will be the same as todayB. Yeah. I wish it would be like this everydayC. At least not as good as I expectedD. Really? It's different from the weather forecast3. Speaker A: I'm going home now. Do you need a ride?Speaker B: ________. I'm not done yet.A. No, thanksB. It's impossibleC. I'm glad toD. Thank you4. Woman: Concert or movie, what would you prefer?Man: ________. just want to get out of the house.A. That's OK with meB. That's a good ideaC. I really don't careD. There is no problem5. Speaker A: Could I speak to John, please?Speaker B: John? There's no one by that name here. I'm afraid you've got the wrong number.Speaker A: ________.A. Well, I'll try againB. OK, let me check againC. All fight, thank youD. Oh, sorry to have bothered youSection B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Man: Are you finished with school already?Woman: No. I have one more semester, but it would be great to have a job lined up.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She will line up to apply for a job.B. She hopes to get a job offer before graduation.C. She has already had a job offer.D. She'll look for a job soon after graduation.7. Man: Gosh! There seems to be no end to the work I have to do.Woman: I'm glad I'm not in your shoes.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She is unable to help the man.B. She is busier than the man.C. She is lucky not to work with the man.D. She is not as busy as the man. 8. Woman: Are you going to Hawaii on your vacation?Man: Not this year. I am broke.Woman: Oh! Come on.Question: How does the woman take the man's words?A. She thinks he's not serious.B. She feels sorry for the man.C. She is surprised.D. She is amused.9. Woman: Do you like the course we're taking?Man: It's beyond me.Question: What does the man mean?A. He doesn't want to answer the question.B. He doesn't like the course.C. He can't understand the course.D. He feels comfortable with the course.10. Man: Ben borrowed his father's car without permission, and then crashed it into the garage door.Woman: No wonder his father went up the wall.Question: What can we learn about Ben's father?A. He wouldn't forgive Ben.B. He was extremely angry.C. He was quite disappointed.D. He couldn't understand Ben.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes th e sentence. You’re your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. Sunny Monday skies will _______ashield of clouds by sunset.A. give space toB. give place toC. give path toD. give way to12. Eating regular meals is________ important for health.A. vividlyB. vitallyC. visuallyD. visibly13. A new electronic announcement system has been introduced in the taxis to________passengers not to forget their luggage.A. informB. wareC. alertD. remind14. Consumer________ n food products has been shaken by several recent scandals.A. beliefB. trustC. confidenceD. assurance15. Such a proposal must have been put forward by people with limited________.A. overviewB. overlookC. outlineD. outlook16. Fighting corruption involves tackling those who offer__________ as well as those who take them.A. contributionsB. donationsC. bribesD. bonuses17. In a _________of inspiration, I decided to paint the whole house white.A. flameB. flightC. flavorD. flash18. Unlike other leaders who put all blames on others, he took responsibility and resigned __________.A. gracefullyB. faithfullyC. mysteriouslyD. reluctantly19. This report is ________ with an article written by the same author.A. similarB. sameC. identicalD. alike20. Traditional publishing will be _______ dramatically in the next 5 to 10 years.A. cut awayB. cut downC. cut backD. cut off21. I'll contact my office in London straight away and________ to you.A. have been faxing the contractB. have the contract faxC. have faxed the contractD. have the contract faxed22. Caroline has never ever broken her promise,_________.A. neither had IB. never will IC. not would ID. nor have I23. Weather________ , we'll go for a walk in the woods tomorrow.A. to permitB. permittedC. permittingD. permits24. If she _______ here next week, we would know her decision.A. will beB. were to beC. would have beenD. is to be25. The problem is that they are unable to communicate effectively in the language _______public services are offered.A. in whichB. for whichC. by whichD. of which26. Many dreams ________seem impossible, then improbable, and eventually inevitable.A. at firstB. firstC. firstlyD. first of all27. If you are going to interview someone you _______ know something about them.A. should as wellB. might as wellC. had ratherD. would rather28. Joe _______ away for the last two days but he is due back tomorrow.A. isB. has beenC. wentD. has gone29. __________ 40 years ago, the book continues to be marketed, mass -- produced, and challenged.A. Being writtenB. As writtenC. It was writtenD. Though written30. Born Sept. 11, 1907, in Boston, Alice Lillian Ellis was _______ of nine children.A. the third oldestB. the third oldC. the third olderD. the oldest thirdPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose th ebest one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the content.Passage OneIs the customer always right? The answer, it seems, depends on which country you are in.Shopping is very much a part of a country's culture, and attitudes to shopping and consumers vary from country to country just as much as climate or taste in food. From the air-conditioned American shopping centers to the street market of African towns, the way we shop shows the way we see ourselves and our relationships with other people.Business competition in Europe has given consumers increased power. This has meant falling prices, plenty of special offers and a re-examination of what customer service really means.People often point to America as an example of excellent customer service. In restaurants in the south of the USA, for example, waiters compliment you on your clothes, ask about your day, compliment you on the wisdom of your order and then return every ten minutes to refill your glass and make sure that everything is to your satisfaction.Anyone who has waited 30 minutes to be served in a restaurant might well dream of such attention, but do Europeans really want US style service? As a friend of mine once told me, "By the end of the evening I had spent as much time talking to the waiter as to my wife." It is a question of expectations. Different nationalities expect different types of service.A Chinese-American friend loves telling people about how her Chinese mother shops for clothes: "First of all she waits until they are on sale, then she bargains until she gets an even better price and then she finds some small fault with the product and demands a further reduction.She never buys anything at the regular price." Could you imagine trying such tricks in a department store in your country?Attitudes to service are, of course, affected by employers' attitudes to their workers. As American sales and service personnel are heavily reliant on commission and tips, they have more motives to provide more service. But is this fair? Do we think it is fair to ask shop assistants to work late evenings, Sundays and 12 hour shifts? It might not be a case of "Is the customer always tight?" but a case of "How much service is it fair to expect?"31. The way people shop ________A. reflects the developmental stage of a countryB. carries social and cultural valuesC. determines the way they socializeD. reveals their social status32. The word "compliment" in Paragrap h 2 is closest in meaning to “_________”A. evaluateB. criticizeC. praiseD. laugh at33. The remarks of the author's friend in Paragraph 3 indicate that Europeans ________.A. think highly of the American serviceB. do not appreciate the American serviceC. find it impossible to accept the American serviceD. will gradually accept the American service34. Why does the author use the Chinese mother's shopping experience as an example?A. To warn shop assistants of tough customers.B. To teach people how to get better service as customers.C. To criticize some improper shopping behavior.D. To show how different people's expectations of service are.35. According to the last paragraph, the service quality of American service personnel may depend on _________.A. the customers 'attitude towards themB. their working experienceC. the length of their working hoursD. the amount of commission and tipsPassage TwoJack's friend Tony had recently gotten a tattoo (文身), and Jack was so impressed by Tony‟s bravery and his tattoo that he decided to get one too. Why do a lot of young people in North America get tattoos today? Peer pressure, media influence, and personal expression are some of the common reasons.The desire to be part of a group, to be accepted by one's friends or peers, can have a great influence on what a person does. Sometimes, wearing a tattoo can be a sign that you belong to a certain group. Gangs often use special clothes and tattoos to identify their particular group. For example, in one gang all the members may wear green army jackets and have large "Xs" tattooed on their arms. It is not only gangs that have this type of special "uniform". Young people often belong to a certain group of friends. Some of these groups wear only brand-name clothes. Others wear tattoos. When a person's friends are all doing something, such as getting a tattoo, that person is more likely to do the same thing, and get a tattoo too.The media is another big influence behind the popularity of tattoos in North America. A wide variety of media images show tattoos. Tattoos can be seen on people appearing in commercials selling expensive cars. Famous sports heroes with tattoos are shown in magazines. Fashion models are often seen in magazines and on TV wearing designer clothes that show their bodies tattooed with detailed and colorful patterns. These media images link tattoos to ideas of wealth, success, and status. As a result, many people decide to get a tattoo for its fashion and status value.It is not always the influence of other people or the media that results in a person getting a tattoo. Many people decide to wear tattoos in order to express their artistic nature, their beliefs, or their feelings -- in other words, to show their individuality. A musician in a rock band may get a tattoo of a guitar on the arm. Some environmentalists may tattoo pictures of endangered animals on their shoulders. Lovers may tattoo each others' names over their hearts. A tattoo Can be a public sign to show what is important in a person's life.36. Jack got a tattoo because ofA. a desire to express himselfB. the influence of the mediaC. the influence of friendsD. a desire to be fashionable37. Gang members wear the tattoo of "Xs" to show theirA. individualityB. sense of belongingC. sense of honorD. power38. Which of the following groups of people are seen wearing tattoos in the media?A. Sports Stars.B. Car sellers.C. Fashion designers.D. Movie stars.39. Which of the following tattoos shows one's belief?A. A picture of endangered species.B. A lover's name.C. A musical instrument.D. A brand name.40. The best title for this passage isA. Tattoos Tell Who You AreB. Tattoos' New TrendC. The Popularity of TattoosD. Why People Get Tattoos Passage ThreeAmericans have a great love for informality and nowhere is this better expressed than in their love for nicknames (昵称、绰号). Upon greeting strangers for the first time they will quickly introduce themselves by their nickname. These are shortened forms of their given name at birth and reflect the casual relationships which exist among friends and coworkers. Family names are hardly ever used in daily situations and the use of one's father's last name is saved only for rare and formal occasions.In many traditional cultures the use of the family name is seen as a sign of respect. For Americans, however, it's the nickname which creates an immediate intimacy between two people upon which to build a relationship. By speaking to another on a first name basis and using his nickname, walls are immediately torn down and equality between two people is established.At work bosses will refer to their employees by their nicknames. Should an employer use a worker's family name, you can be sure that some kind of correction or serious business will follow.This love for nicknames can create a sense of closeness between people who are otherwise not related. Even the presidents of the United States have borne nicknames. Abraham Lincoln was known as Honest Abe. John F. Kennedy was known as Jack or JFK and William Clinton has no reservations in letting people know he prefers to be called Bill, but those who look upon him with disfavor may call him Slick Willy.Not only people but cities often carry their own nicknames. Chicago is called the "Windy City" because of the strong winds which come down from Canada throughout the year. New York City is considered the "Big Apple" for reasons which are still obscure to most people including many New Yorkers.Not every nickname, however, is positive and some can be rather rude and insulting. If someone should demonstrate a certain negative characteristic, a label will soon be attached to describe that person in an unpleasant way.Likewise a person's physical traits which are very dominant may lead to nicknames but not necessarily to one's liking or choice.A nickname, therefore, is a way of identifying or describing someone or something for better or worse.41. Why do Americans prefer to use nicknames when addressing one another?A. Nicknames are easy to remember.B. Americans are a friendly people.C. Nicknames help build a closer relationship.D. Nicknames are convenient to use in daily life.42. Americans tend to use others' family names ________.A. on formal occasionsB. when writing lettersC. in the work placeD. when making phone calls43. Many traditional societies see the use of one's family name as a sign of_________.A. respectB. distanceC. importanceD. gratitude44. An American employer is likely to use a worker's family name when __________.A. the worker is to get a promotionB. the worker has done something wrongC. he speaks to the worker at a gatheringD. he is being friendly with the worker45. In Paragraph 5, the word "obscure" is closest in meaning to“__________”.A. funnyB. soundC. unclearD. popularPassage FourJob sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one full-time job. The two people willingly act as part-time workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a full-time worker. If they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the job's wages, its holidays and its other benefits. Of course, some job sharers take a smaller or larger share of the responsibilities of the position, receiving a lesser or greater share of the benefits.Job sharing differs from conventional part-time work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.Job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide well-paid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities.As would be expected, women constitute the bulk of job sharers. A survey carded out in 1988 by Britain's Equal Opportunities Commission revealed that 78 per cent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were re-entering the job market after having had children, but they chose not to seek part-time work because it would have meant lower status.Job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into full-time work after a long absence.The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional one-position jobs. However, to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be job-shared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.46. "Employee commitment" in Paragraph 2 refers to the employee's ________.A. loyaltyB. qualificationC. experienceD. achievement47. Work sharing is different from job sharing in that __________.A. it requires more working hoursB. it depends on the employer's decisionC. it provides more work positionsD. it offers a more satisfactory salary48. Job sharing is popular with young mothers mainly because _________.A. they can take care of both work and familyB. they are over ideal working agesC. they seek equal opportunities with menD. they have difficulty finding full-time jobs49. In job sharing the partners should __________.A. be social equalsB. know each other very wellC. be intimate friendsD. have similar working experience50. The main purpose of the passage is to ___________.A. recommend job sharing to womenB. describe job sharing in generalC. criticize job sharing as inefficientD. discuss a way to tackle unemploymentPart IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.For years we have believed we were either healthy or sick. 51 , during the mid-90s,scientists developed a new concept called "sub-health", a status 52 health and illness. The concept of sub-health has become 53 because it has helped to explain many health problems. 54 one study, only 5. 6% of people in the overall population are actually sick, 55 the sub-healthy group consists of about 60%, and the 56 population is considered healthy. 57 of one's sub-health will help one to be alert to the underlying disease and remain healthy. Sub-Health is a state in which the body is 58 turning from health to illness or from illness to health. Our bodies are actively 59 the conditions of health, sub-health and disease. Factors 60 aging, internal or external toxicity (毒性), and body or mind exhaustion may cause sub-health, but taking good care of the body can change a sub-healthy status to a healthy one.51. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Meantime52. A. within B. between C. toward D. beyond53. A. controversial B. global C. popular D. common54. A. Thanks to B. Due to C. According to D. Prior to55. A. since B. though C. for D. whereas56. A. remaining B. retaining C. relating D. reserving57. A. Causes B. Awareness C. Doubts D. Treatment58. A. already B. still C. neither D. either59. A. choosing B. comparing C. improving D. balancing60. A. like B. as C. along with D. up topaper TwoPart V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.The office desk, as we know it, may have had its day. A large study on the future of work in the UK predicts the rise of the "mobile worker" moving with notebook computer and mobile phone between office, home, hotel, airport or highway service station as the needs of a job demand. Today, more than five million people already spend some time working at home or on the move, according to a recent report. That number will rise dramatically over the coming decades, with mobile work becoming one of the fastest-growing types of employment.According to the study "Working in the Twenty-First Century ", individuals will not necessarily see themselves as working from home. They could equally be working from the office, but they will be on the move from place to place, working at various times of the day, for much of the week. For a large proportion of workers, work in twenty years' time will be more about movement than staying in one place.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of "A Threat (Threats) to Endangered Animals". You may base your composition on the clues given below:Many animals are now in danger of becoming extinct ....Among the threats to endangered animals is (are) ....The way to cope with the threat (threats) ....( Note: endangered —濒危)参考答案：Paper One1~5 CBACD 6~10 BDACB11~15 DBCCD 16~20 CDACB 21~25 DDCBA 26~30 ABBBA31~35 DCBDD 36~40 CBAAD 41~45 CAABC 46~50 BCABB51 ~ 55 ABCCD 56 ~ 60 ABDDAPaper Two PartV Translation(30minutes，10 points)参考译文：众所周知，办公桌办公的时代也许已经结束了。
【资格考试】2019最新整理-在职攻读硕士学位全国联考教育硕士试题
——参考范本——【资格考试】2019最新整理-在职攻读硕士学位全国联考教育硕士试题______年______月______日____________________部门英语二试卷一 BSection I Use of English (20 minutes, 10%)Read the following text. Choos the best:word or phrasefor each numbered blankfrom A,B,C or D.The adults in the United States constitute a work force about 81 million people, of whom only 27 million possess a marketable skill as a result of conscious career development. The remaining 2/3 of the work force,not 01 5 million unemployed, have managed to 02 a livelihood,without special skills or experience. During their employed 03 , these individuals will hold many different jobs, 04 the most part unrelated to each other. 05 ,about 2.5 million young people a year 06 , high school or college,with little or no idea of what to do 07 their lives. I estimate that upwards of 50 percent of our young people now in school or college have no real goals toward 08 to aim, and that they have very little 09 or help for establishing those goals and I0 them systematically.There are 11 jobs all over the country.Yet,17 percent of our under-twenty age group are unemployed, many of them 12 welfare. More than 30 percent of our minority young people of this age group are unemployed. 13 none of these young peoplehad the 14 of career education or the traditional technical education 15 in many schools. Is it any 16 thatr student’t unrest is the result 'of the unchanging institutional 17 that have failed to make learning useful Or meaningful for those who now want more 18 teaiching and learing than the system offers? in fact,our 19 of career development in recent years has done damage to the total educational 20 of both the individual and the nation.01. [A] calculating [B] counting [C] amounting [D] computing02. [A] build [B] open [C] enter [D] keep03. [A] life [B] time [C] livelihood [D] period04. [A] in [B] by [C] with [D] for05. [A] Roughly [B] Strangely [C]Currently [D] Obviously06. [A] graduate [B] finis [C] complete [D] leave07. [A] to [B] with [C] about [D] in08. [A] what [B] that [C] which [D] those09. [A]. information [B] knowledge [C] practice [D] literacy10. [A] promoting [B] continuing [C] pursuing [D] advancing11: [A] potential [B] unfilled [C] unfitted [D] redundant12. [A] on [B] by [C] in [D] to。
2023年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语二真题
2023年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语二真题2023 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination in English II2023年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语二真题Section I: Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Part A: Spot Dictation(1)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.(2)Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.People may think that sight and hearing are the most important senses for human beings, but we can go without them and still live quite a(n) (1) life. It is true that a person who is blind or deaf has to develop other senses more, but this does not make his life impossible. However, one thing humans cannot survive without is touch.Touch provides information about the world around us. It tells us whether an object is (2) or cold, rough or smooth, hard or soft. We touch things to find out what they are like and to learn about the world we live in. We learn about (3) from touch very young, and even when we are grown, we continue learning from it. That is why people who cannot see or hear canlearn to do things almost as well as anybody else, but people who cannot touch things cannot live on their own.There have been studies done on infants who were (4) touch from other people because of insensitivity to pain. These children have a difficult time holding a baby bottle or writing. If they don't have the sensation of touch, they will not be able to live alone when they grow up.When a person loses touch with another person, or when a person gets cut off from the society around him, he feels alone. We need touch as much as we need to eat or sleep. If we (5) away from people who are close, we suffer even more than we do when we cannot eat or sleep.Part B: Listening Comprehension(1)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear short conversations. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.(2)Questions 6 to 8 are based on the following conversation.M: Have you thought about which college you want to go to?W: Yeah, I've been considering several options. But I'm still not sure where to go.Question 6: What has the woman been doing?Question 7: What is the woman's current situation?Question 8: What can be inferred from the conversation?(4)Questions 9 to 11 are based on the following conversation.M: I heard that there will be a new professor for the psychology course next semester.W: Yes, and I hope he will assign less reading than the previous professor.(5)Question 9: What will happen next semester?Question 10: How does the woman feel about the previous professor?Question 11: What can be inferred about the woman?(6)Questions 12 to 15 are based on the following passage.M: Excuse me, could you please give me directions to the nearest post office?W: Sure, just walk straight ahead for about three blocks. It will be on your left.Question 12: Where does the man want to go?Question 13: How far is it from the man's location?Question 14: Which direction should the man go?Question 15: What can be inferred from the conversation?Section II: Reading Comprehension (30 minutes)Part A: Text Completion(1)Directions: Read the following three texts. Choose the best option (A, B, C, or D) for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.(2)Text 1Many people nowadays choose to (16) physically active to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Whether it's jogging, swimming, cycling, or participating in team sports, exercise is an important part of our daily routine. However, there are numerous benefits to adding a new dimension to your regular exercise program: engaging in mindfulness exercises.(3)Text 2Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer just science fiction. It is now a (17) part of our daily lives. From voice assistants like Siri and Alexa torecommendation systems on streaming platforms, AI algorithms are at the core of these technologies. Despite its increasing influence, AI still (18) many people.(4)Text 3Being organized is a valuable (19) for success. It helps us manage our time effectively, reduces stress, and increases productivity. However, staying (20) is not always easy, especially in today's fast-paced world.Part B: Reading Comprehension(1)Directions: Read the following three passages. Answer the questions according to the information given in each passage. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.(2)Passage 1(3)Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the oceans, causing serious environmental problems. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch, located between California and Hawaii, is a massive collection of floating debris that spans an area twice the size of Texas. Plastic waste poses a significant threat to marine life, as animals can mistake it for food or become entangled in it.To tackle this issue, various solutions have been proposed, including plastic recycling and reducing single-use plastics. However, one innovative approach gaining attention is the use of sustainable materials for packaging and product design.(4)Passage 2(5)Space tourism has long been considered a futuristic concept reserved for the wealthy elite. However, with advancements in technology and private space companies like SpaceX, the dream of traveling to space may soon become a reality for ordinary citizens. While the cost of space travel remains high, several companies are working on making it more accessible to the general public.(6)Passage 3(7)The concept of universal basic income (UBI) has gained traction in recent years as a potential solution to income inequality and automation-induced job loss. UBI involves providing every citizen with a guaranteed income, regardless of their employment status. Proponents argue that it could alleviate poverty, provide a safety net, and empower individuals to pursue their passions and entrepreneurial endeavors.Section III: Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes)Part A: Vocabulary(1)Directions: For each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.(2)1. The new shopping mall offers a wide variety of __________, from luxury brands to affordable options.2. The employee's __________ performance led to his promotion.3. The professor's lecture was so __________ that many of the students fell asleep.4. The company has implemented stricter __________ measures to prevent theft.5. The book provides a __________ overview of the history of modern art.Part B: Grammar and Structure(1)Directions: For each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.(2)6. She __________ studying for two hours when her friends called her.7. __________ you bring an umbrella, you will get wet in the rain.8. The teacher asked the students __________ they had finished their homework.9. I wish I __________ more time to spend with my family.10. It's __________ that we finish the report by tomorrow.Section IV: Error Correction (10 minutes)(1)Directions: There are ten errors in the following passage. Each line contains one error. You should correct the errors by underlining the incorrect part and writing the correct part in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.(2)Example:My father is lawyer. My father is a lawyer.(3)Text:China has a long history ancient civilization, (11)_________________________________dating back over 5,000 years. It is known by (12)_________________________________its rich cultural heritage and many historical (13)_________________________________landmarks. The Great Wall of China being one (14)_________________________________the most famous attractions in the world, (15)_________________________________drawing millions visitors each year. In (16)_________________________________addition, Chinese cuisine has become (17)_________________________________popular all around a world, with dishes (18)_________________________________such as dumplings and Peking duck enjoyed (19)_________________________________by people around the globe. The Chinese (20)_________________________________Section V: Writing (30 minutes)(1)Directions: In this part of the test, you are required to write an essay on the topic of "The Benefits of Bilingual Education." You should write at least 250 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:(2)双语教育的好处(3)1. 双语教育可以提高语言能力；2. 双语教育对认知能力的提升有积极影响；3. 双语教育有助于培养跨文化沟通能力；4. 双语教育对就业和全球竞争力的意义。
2022年在职联考教育硕士英语二考试真题含答案
2007年在职联考教育硕士英语二考试真题及答案Section I Use of English(20minutes,10%)Read the following text.Choose the best word for each numbered blank from A,B,C or D.The adults in the United States constitute a work force about81million people,of whom only27million posses a marketable skill as a result of conscious career development.The remaining2/3of the work force,not __01__5million unemployed,have managed to__02__a livelihood,without special skills or experience. During their employed__03__,these individuals will hold many different jobs,__04__the most part unrelated to each other.__05__,about2.5million young people a year__06__high school or college,with little or no idea of what to do__07__their lives.I estimate that upwards of50percent of our young people now in school or college have no real goals toward__08__to aim,and that they have very little__09__or help for establishing those goals and__10__them systematically.There are__11__jobs all over the country.Yet,17percent of our under-twenty age group are unemployed,many of them__12__welfare.More than30percent of our minority young people of this age group are unemployed.__13__none of these young people had the__14__of career education or the traditional technical education__15__in many schools.Is it any__16__that student’s unrest is the result of the unchanging institutional__17__that have failed to make learning useful or meaningful for those who now want more__18__teaching and learning than the system offers?In fact,our__19__of career development in recent years has done damage to the total educational__20__of both the individual and the nation.01.[A]calculating[B]computing[C]amounting[D]counting02.[A]enter[B]open[C]build[D]keep03.[A]time[B]life[C]livelihood[D]period04.[A]in[B]by[C]for[D]with05.[A]Roughly[B]Strangely[C]Obviously[D]Currently06.[A]graduate[B]finish[C]complete[D]leave07.[A]to[B]with[C]about[D]in08.[A]what[B]which[C]that[D]those09.[A]information[B]knowledge[C]practice[D]literacy10.[A]promoting[B]continuing[C]pursuing[D]advancing11.[A]potential[B]redundant[C]unfitted[D]unfilled12.[A]on[B]by[C]in[D]to13.[A]Frequently[B]Virtually[C]Usually[D]Apparently14.[A]chances[B]benefits[C]results[D]records15.[A]accessible[B]assessable[C]available[D]desirable16.[A]wonder[B]shock[C]miracle[D]secret17.[A]programs[B]orders[C]levels[D]codes18.[A]exotic[B]realistic[C]reasonable[D]profitable19.[A]fault[B]defect[C]neglect[D]defeat20.[A]needs[B]deeds[C]causes[D]quests Section II Reading Comprehension(70minutes,50%)Part ARead the following text and answer the questions by choosing A,B,C or D.The place of public education within a democratic society has been widely discussed and debated throughout the years.Perhaps no one has written more widely on the subject in the United States than"the father of public education,"John Dewey.Dewey asserted that education contains a large social component designed to provide direction and assure children's development through their participation in the group to which they belong.In explaining education as a social act,he regarded the classroom as a replica(exact copy) of society.Dewey believed that just as humans need sleep,food,water and shelter for physiological renewal,they also need education to renew their minds,assuring that their socialization keeps pace with physiological growth.He thought that education should provide children with a nurturing atmosphere to encourage the growth of their as-yet-undeveloped social customs and that the steadying and organizing influences of school should provide direction indirectly through the selection of the situations in which the youngster participated.Above all,Dewey saw public education as a catalyst(motive force)for growth.Since the young came to school capable of growth,it was the role of education to provide opportunities for that growth to occur.The successful school environment is one in which a desire for continued growth is created----a desire that extends throughout one's life beyond the end of formal education.In Dewey's model,the role of education in a democratic society is not seen as a preparation for some later stage in life,such as adulthood.Rather, education is seen as a process of growth that never ends,with human beings continuously expanding their capacity for growth.Neither did Dewey's model see education as a means by which the past was repeated. Instead,education was a continuous reconstruction of experiences,grounded very much in the present environment.Since Dewey's model places a heavy emphasis on the social component,the nature of the larger society that supports the educational system is of vital importance.The ideal larger society,according to Dewey,is onein which the interests of a group are shared by all of its members and in which interactions with other groups are free and full.He believed that education in such a society should provide members of the group a stake or interest in social relationships and the ability to facilitate change without compromising the order and stability of the society.His teachings continue to play a significant role in the formulation of curriculum geared toward the furthering of democratic principles within the school system and beyond.21.Dewey pictured the classroom as a replica of society because[A]education comprises social interactions.[B]society imposes its principles on education.[C]the school is a crucial component of society.[D]the classroom is immune to social invasion.22.Dewey's philosophy implies that the lack of education for a child would[A]be life intimidating.[B]be mentally destroying.[C]block his physical renewal.[D]cause faulty socialization.23.Dewey considered all of the following as true EXCEPT[A]direction provided by education should be subtle.[B]his model should affect curriculum formulation.[C]schools must foster their participants in every way.[D]intellectual renewal must go with physical growth.24.According to Dewey,the goal of education is to[A]satisfy the diverse desires of the youth.[B]impart ready experiences to the young.[C]make profound impacts on the students.[D]pave the way for youngsters'ambitions.25.Dewey believed that in the ideal society education should[A]reform the established social order mildly.[B]make social groups enjoy common interests.[C]keep social stability from being endangered.[D]promote democratic social principles at large.26.The author suggests that Dewey's theory[A]dominates educational philosophy.[B]far exceeds the realm of education.[C]is the by-product of social idealism.[D]is sure to arouse a social revolution.Part BYou are going to read an extract about Curriculum.Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from Paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap(27-32).There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.CurriculumIt seems fairly obvious that if teachers are to be the ones responsible for developing the curriculum,they need the time,the skills and the support to do so.Support may include curriculum models and guidelines.It should also include counseling and bilingual support,and may include support from individuals acting in a curriculum advisory position.The provision of such support cannot be removed from,and must not be seen inisolation from,the curriculum.27In many institutions,it is customary to identity teachers as'experienced'or'inexperienced'according to the number of years they have been teaching(a common cut-off figure seems to be four or five)28In general,there is a great deal of confusion over the term'curriculum'Many teachers see'the curriculum' as a set of prescriptive statements about what'should happen'This makes any reference to curriculum matters by outsiders quite threatening.29This,in fact,returns us to the point that the relationship between planning,teaching and learning is extremely complex.The notion that there is a simple equation between these three components of the curriculum(i.e.that'what is planned'='what is taught'='what is learned')is naive,simplistic and misleading. It is crucial for those involved in course and program evaluation to be aware of this complexity.30The amount that a teacher working alone can achieve is strictly limited.The best teacher-based curriculum development occurs as the result of team efforts,when groups of teachers with similar concerns or with similar students work together to develop a program or course.31In the past,within the Adult Migrant Education Program,there has been a tendency for initiatives which have curricular implications to be introduced on a grand scale in an unsystematic way with very little monitoring and evaluation.The adoption of a learner-centered approach to curriculum is a case in point.32Many of the problems which are attributed to lack of curriculum continuity flow directly from the adoption of a learner-centered philosophy and the requirement,inherent in this philosophy,that the classroom practitioner be the principal agent of curriculum development.It may well be that a certain amount of discontinuity is inevitable,the price we pay for the chosen philosophy.There is certainly no single or simple solution.[A]If teachers are to be the principle agents of curriculum development,they need to develop a range of skills which go beyond classroom management and instruction.Curriculum development will therefore be largely a matter of appropriate staff development.[B]One of the points which emerged most strongly from the study was the fact that continuity in language programs is not just a curricular or pedagogical problem.It is an administrative,management and organizational problem as well as a counseling and curriculum-support problem.[C]Such collaboration may or may not include team teaching.While team teaching is recognized by teachers as being highly desirable,many reported that they were prevented from adopting a team approach by administrative and bureaucratic inflexibility.[D]There is a need for the scope of curriculum to be expanded to include not only what'should happen',but also what'does happen'.Curriculum practice should thus be derived as much from successful practice as from statements of intent.[E]In terms of the provision of support,other teachers have the highest credibility in the eyes of practitioners. The practice of removing competent teachers from the classroom to be administrators or advisors results in an immediate drop in credibility.It may be more desirable to target practitioners who have expertise in a limited domain,e.g.'literacy'or'assessment',than as'experts'across the total field of curriculum activity.[F]However,it may well be that there is no such thing as an'experienced'teacher,if by experienced is meant a teacher who can,at a moment's notice and with minimal support,plan,implement and evaluate a course in any area of the Program.This was demonstrated by the experience of Sally.It also emerged in interviews where only one or two per cent of teachers indicated that they would be able to teach in an unfamiliar area without support.[G]Other examples include the development of self-access centers and the introduction of bilingual information officers.The same may well be said of plans to introduce counseling services,bilingual assistants and curriculum advisors.There is a great deal to be said for curriculum development to occur through small-scale case studies and action research projects which are adequately planned,closely monitored and properly evaluated,rather than through large-scale national initiatives.Teachers are certainly inclined to adopt an innovation which is the result of successful practice than an untested idea which is thrust upon them.Part CYou are going to read a passage about the role of textbooks in language teaching.From the list of headings A-G,choose the best one to summarize each paragraph(33-38)of the passage.There is one extra heading that you do not need to use.33Textbooks are a key component in most language programs.In some situations they serve as the basis for much of the language input learners receive and the language practice that occurs in the classroom.They may provide the basis for the content of the lessons,the balance of skills taught and the kinds of language practice the students take part in.In other situations,the textbook may serve primarily to supplement the teacher's instruction.For learners,the textbook may provide the major source of contact they have with the language apart from input provided by the teacher.34In the case of inexperienced teachers textbooks may also serve as a form of teacher training----they provide ideas on how to plan and teach lessons as well as formats that teachers can use.Much of the language teaching that occurs throughout the world today could not take place without the extensive use of commercial textbooks.Learning how to use and adapt textbooks is hence an important part of a teacher's professional knowledge.35Textbooks,however,sometimes present inauthentic language since texts,dialogs and other aspects of content tend to be specially written to incorporate teaching points and are often not representative of real language use.Textbooks often present an idealized view of the world or fail to represent real issues. Furthermore,if teachers use textbooks as the primary source of their teaching,leaving the textbook and teacher's manual to make the major instructional decisions for them,the teacher's role can become reduced to that of a technician whose primarily function is to present materials prepared by others.36With such an array of commercial textbooks and other kinds of instructional materials to choose from teachers and others responsible for choosing materials need to be able to make informed judgments about textbooks and teaching materials.Evaluation,however,can only be done by considering something in relation to its purpose.A book may be ideal in one situation because it matches the needs of that situation perfectly.It has just the right amount of material for the program,it is easy to teach,it can be used with little preparation by inexperienced teachers,and it has an equal coverage of grammar and the four skills.However the same book in a different situation may turn out to be quite unsuitable.：37Two factors are involved in the development of commercial textbooks:those representing the interests of the author,and those representing the interests of the publisher.The author is generally concerned to produce a text that teachers will find innovative,creative,relevant to their learners'needs,and that they will enjoy teaching from.The author is generally hopeful that the book will be successful and make a financial profit since a large investment of the author's personal time and effort is involved.The publisher is primarily motivated by financial success.38When developing materials,the publisher will try to satisfy teachers'expectations as to what a textbook at a certain level should contain.For example,if an introductory ESL textbook does not include the present continuous in the first level of the book,teachers may feel that it is detective and not wish to use it.In an attempt to make an author's manuscript usable in as large a market as possible,the publisher often has to change it substantially.Some of these changes are necessitated by the fact that teachers with very different levels of experience,training,and teaching skill might be using the book.A Textbooks facilitate teachers'professional development.B Textbooks have limitations and disadvantages.C Textbooks can be adapted in classroom teaching.D Textbooks need to be evaluated before they are adopted.E Textbooks should meet teachers'needs in classroom teaching.F Textbook development often serves different purposes.G Textbooks provide the major source of learning.Part DYou are going to read a passage about using the native language in the classroom of second language teaching.Decide whether the statement in the box agree with the information given in the passage.You should choose from the following:A YES=the statement agrees with the information in the passageB NO=the statement contradicts the information in the passageC NOT GIVEN=there is no information on this in the passageAvoiding use of the L1in the classroomWhile fashions in language teaching ebbed and flowed during the twentieth century,certain basic assumptions were accepted by most language teachers.Though these assumptions have affected many generations of students and teachers,they are rarely discussed or presented to new teachers but are taken for granted as the foundation of language teaching.One of these assumptions is the discouragement of L1use in the classroom.This convention can be phrased in stronger or weaker forms.At its strongest,it is'Ban the L1from the classroom.'Only in circumstances where the teacher does not speak the students'L1or the students have different L1s could this be achieved.At weakest,the rule is'Minimize the L1in the classroom,'that is to say,use it as little as possible.A more optimistic version is'Maximize the L2in the classroom',emphasizing the usefulness of the L2rather than the harm of the first.However the assumption is phrased,the L2is seen as positive,the LI as negative. The L1is not something to be utilized in teaching but to be set aside.Most teaching methods since the1880s have adopted this Direct Method avoidance of the LI.The monolingual principle,the unique contribution of the twentieth century to classroom language teaching, remains the bedrock notion from which the others ultimately municative language teaching andtask-based learning methods have no necessary relationship with the L1,yet,as we shall see,the only times that the LI is mentioned is when advice is given on how to minimize its use.The main theoretical treatments of task-based learning do not,for example,have any locatable mentions of the classroom use of the L1.Most descriptions of methods portray the ideal classroom as having as little of the L1as possible,essentially by omitting any reference to it.Perhaps the only exception is the grammar-translation method,which has little or no public support.Avoidance of the L1lies behind many teaching techniques,even if it is seldom spelled out.Most teaching manuals consider this avoidance as so obvious that no classroom use of the L1is ever mentioned.Even writers who are less enthusiastic about avoiding the L1take issue primarily with the extent to which this is imposed.Those arguing for the L1to be mixed with the2on a deliberate and consistent basis in the classroom are few and far between.Thus,this anti-L1attitude was clearly a mainstream element in twentieth-century language teaching methodology.This is not to say that teachers do not actually use the L1every day.Like nature,the L1creeps back in, however many times you throw it out with a pitchfork.Even in English-only US classrooms'the use of the native language is so compelling that it emerges even when policies and assumptions mitigate against it'.The UK National Curriculum still needs to remind teachers120years after the Great Reform that'the target language is the normal recaps of communication'.Teachers resort to the L1despite their best intentions and often feeling guilty for straying from the L2path.39New teachers are always advised to avoid using Ll in the classroom.40Most people advocate maximization of the L2in the classroom.Yes No Not given [A][B][C] [A][B][C] [A][B][C]：41Task-based language teaching bans the use of L1.42The Direct method requires that teachers use L2only.43The grammar-translation method is criticized for using too much L1.44Many writers are now arguing for a reconsideration of the value of LI.45The Great Reform discouraged the use of Ll.[A][B][C] [A][B][C] [A][B][C] [A][B][C]Section IIIIIITranslationTranslation(20minutes,20%)Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2(答题纸).Who's Afraid of Math,and Why?The first thing people remember about failing at math is that it felt like sudden death.[46]Whether the incident occurred while learning"word problems"in sixth grade,coping with equations in high school,or first confronting calculus and statistics in college,failure came suddenly and in a very frightening way.An idea of a new operation was not just difficult,it was impossible!And,instead of asking questions or taking the lesson slowly,most people remember having had the feeling that they would never go any further in mathematics.[47] If we assume that the curriculum was reasonable,and that the new idea was but the next in a series of learnable concepts,the feeling of utter defeat was simply not rational.And yet'math anxious'college students and adults have revealed that no matter how much the teacher reassured them,they could not overcome the feeling.A common myth about the nature of mathematical ability holds that one either has or does not have amathematical mind.[48]Mathematical imagination and intuitive grasp of mathematical principles may well be needed to do advanced research,but why should people who can do college-level work in other subjects not be able to do college-level math as well?Rates of learning may petency under time pressure may differ. Certainly low self-esteem will get in the way.But where is the evidence that a student needs a'mathematical mind'in order to succeed at learning math?Consider the effects of this mythology.[49]Since only a few people are supposed to have this mathematical mind,part of what makes us so passive in the face of our difficulties in learning mathematics is that we suspect all the while we may not be one of'them,'and we spend our time waiting to find out when our nonmathematical minds will be exposed.Since our limit will eventually be reached,we see no point in being methodical or in attending to detail.We are grateful when we survive fractions,word problems,or geometry.If that certain moment of failure hasn't struck yet,it is only temporarily postponed.Parents,especially parents of girls,often expect their children to be nonmathematical.Parents are either poor at math and had their own sudden-death experiences,or,if math came easily for them,they do not know how it feels to be slow.[50]In either case,they unwittingly foster the idea that a mathematical mind is something one either has or does not have.Writing(40minutes,20%)IVWritingSection IVSome people think elderly people(say60-70years old)should retire,while others think they should continue to work.Write an essay to state your opinion on this issue in about300words.2007年在职联考教育硕士英语二考试真题答案Section I01.BDDCA06.DBAAC11.BABDA16.DADBBSection IIPart121.C A C D D CPart227.F G C B D APart333.F G A C E DPart439.B A B A A B ASection III46．无论它发生在呓呓学语的六年级学生，还是应付平衡等式的高中生，亦或遭遇计量统计学的大学生身上，失败的来临既突然又恐怖。
在职攻读硕士联考英语模拟试题及答案解析(2)
在职攻读硕士联考英语模拟试题及答案解析（2）(1/5)Part ⅠDialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.第1题A: Could you get me extension 6459, please?B: ______A.Hello? This is Tom Brown.B.Sure. Here you are.C.Sorry. The line is engaged.D.John Smith´s office. What can I do for you?下一题(2~5/共5题)Part ⅠDialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.第2题A: ______B: It´s very easy. You just pick up the receiver, drop the coin in the slot, and dial the number you want.A.Can you tell me how to make a phone call?B.Can you tell me how to receive the phone call?C.Can you get me some coins for change?D.Can you help me to pay the bill?第3题A: Can I do anything for you, sir?B: ______A.No. You can´t do anything for me.B.Never mind.C.It´s my pleasure.D.No, it´s all right. I can manage myself.第4题A: ______B: Yes. What size is that light blue shirt? I hope it fits me.A.Do you want to buy anything?B.Excuse me, what are you doing?C.What are you looking for?D.What can I do for you?第5题A: I´m sorry for being late this morning. My alarm clock didn´t ring.B: ______A.That´s all right. These things often happen.B.Would you please forgive me? I never accept any apologies at all.C.Thank you. You´re really too kind apologizing to me.D.Never mind. You don´t have to be so polite.上一题下一题(6~10/共5题)Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 hort conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices given and mark your answer onthe ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the enter.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the four choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.第6题M: More and more youngsters are interested in the cause of public good.W: I think the government should keep the pot boiling.Q: According to the woman, what should the government do?A.The government should help those youngsters.B.The government should take the place of those youngsters.C.The government should encourage those youngsters.D.The government should place restrictions on those youngsters.第7题W: I wish I hadn´t hurt Linda´s feeling like that yesterday. You know I never meant to.M: The great thing about Linda is that she doesn´t hold any grudges. By tomorrow she´ll have forgotten all about it.Q: What does the man say about Linda?A.She is forgetful.B.She is considerate.C.She is forgiving.D.She is careless.第8题W: I´ll wear this blue jacket for the evening. I like the color on me, don´t you think?M: I think it looks terrific on you really!Q: What does the man think of the woman´s choice of clothing?A.He thinks her choice is good.B.He thinks her choice is terrible.C.He doesn´t like the color.D.He doesn´t like the style.第9题W: At the rate it is being used, the printer is not going to make it through the rest of the year.M: The year? It is supposed to be good for four!Q: How does the man sounds?A.surprisedB.ignorantC.humorousD.disappointed第10题W: We are going to go away on vacation...Can you hear me?M: I´m all ears.Q: What does the man mean?A.He is listening attentively.B.He couldn´t care less.C.He like the woman´s idea.D.He is against the woman´s plan.上一题下一题(11~29/共19题)Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.第11题All the staff in the office ______ their manager.A.unlikeB.dislikeC.alikeD.unlikely第12题We are all for your proposal that the discussion ______.A.be called offB.was called offC.should call offD.is to call off第13题The resources on geography can be ______ in the state library.A.acquiredB.requiredC.inquiredD.requested第14题______ the distance was too long and the time was short, we decided not to drive to Florida.A.DiscoveringB.To discoverC.To have discoveredD.Discovered第15题The customers should ______ their orders by phone or email.A.reformB.confirmC.affirmrm第16题Many new difficulties ______ when they began to carry out the plan.A.aroseB.was arisenC.was arisingD.is arisen第17题This criminal was ______ with murdering an policeman.A.accusedB.chargedC.scoldedD.sentenced第18题I´ll lend you these books as long as you ______ to the library in time.A.will return themB.return themC.has returned themD.returned them第19题The painting is not a (n) ______ works; it is a copy.A.originalB.crudeC.trueD.fresh第20题Only under special circumstances ______ to take make-up tests.A.are freshmen permittedB.permitted are freshmenC.freshmen are permittedD.are permitted freshmen第21题It is our ______ policy that in no case will China be the first to use the nuclear weapon.A.continualB.continuingC.continuousD.consistent第22题The establishment of the company shall start from the day ______ the business license of the company is issued.A.whichB.on whichC.in whichD.whenever第23题Both companies are very famous in the local region; of which the former is a joint venture and the ______ is state-owned.tettertertely第24题He wanted to read more, so he asked his friend if there was ______ to read.A.something easy enoughB.something enough easyC.enough easy somethingD.easy enough something第25题The policemen are investigating the murder ______.A.eventB.caseC.incidentD.accident第26题It is very necessary to know the extent ______ supply and demand will influence the price.A.in whichB.from whichC.to whichD.for which第27题Pigeons are thought universally as ______ a of peace.A.signB.symbolC.symptomD.signal第28题There is no objection ______ the plan immediately.A.to carrying outB.to carry outC.of carrying outD.in carrying out第29题This firm is our best choice ______ the price of the product.A.in place ofB.by means ofC.in terms ofD.in charge of上一题下一题(30~34/共20题)Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. Passage OneBeing able to multitask is hailed by most people as a welcome skill, but not according to a recent study which claims that young people between the ages of eight and eighteen of the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask. It argues that, in fact, these young people are frittering (浪费) away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.Some young people are using an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study. At the same time they are working, young adults are also surfing on the Internet, or sending out emails to their friends, and/or answering the telephone and listening to music on their iPods or on another computer. As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices. Other research has indicated that this multitasking is even affecting the way families themselves function as young people are too wrapped up in (沉湎于) their own isolated worlds to interact with the other people around them. They can no longer greet family members when they enter the house nor can they eat at the family table.All this electronic wizardry (魔力) is supposedly also seriously affecting young people´s performance at university and in the workplace. When asked about their opinions of the impact of modern gadgets (小装置) on their performance of tasks, the great majority of young people gave a favorable response.The response from the academic and business worlds was not quite as positive. The former feel that multitasking with electronic gadgets by children affects later development of study skills, resulting in a decline in the quality of writing, for example, because of the lack of concentration on task completion. They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedial (补救的) help with study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people entering the workforce need to be taught all over again, as they have become deskilled.While all this may be true, it must be borne in mind that more and more is expected of young people nowadays; in fact, too much praise rather than criticism is due in respect of the way today´s youth are able to cope despite what the older generation throw at them.第30题What is probably true about the multitasking Generation M?A.They feel they are more efficient than others.B.They waste more time than they should spend.C.They put more energy on important tasks.D.They need to improve their analytical skills.第31题With the introduction of new gadgets, what happens to the Generation M´s present e-devices?A.They give way to the latest.B.They are quickly put aside.C.They are sold to their friends.D.They become part of their collection.第32题Multitasking makes the Generation M ______.A.feel lonely add pitiful.B.selfish and aggressive.C.distant to their family.D.silent and sad.第33题The academics feel that many undergraduates badly need to ______.A.adjust their social attitudes.B.seek psychological assistance.C.improve their study skills.D.take more business courses.第34题What attitude should the older generation adopt towards the multitasking youth?A.Critical.B.Thankful.C.Negative.D.Supportive.上一题下一题(35~39/共20题)Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage TwoA good modem newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sports to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features (特定) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next.A good modem newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality (时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient (短暂的) value.For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day´s paper, his own selection and sequence, his own news paper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you wantfrom them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.第35题A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its ______.A.wide coverageB.uniform styleC.speed in reporting newsD.popularity第36题According to the passage, the reason why no two people really read the same newspaper is that ______.A.people scan for the news they are interested inB.different people prefer different newspapersC.people are rarely interested in the same kind of newsD.people have different views about what a good newspaper is第37题It can be conclude from the passage that newspaper readers ______.A.apply reading techniques skillfullyB.jump from one newspaper to anotherC.appreciate the variety of a newspaperually read a newspaper selectively第38题A good newspaper offers a variety to readers because ______.A.it tries to serve different readersB.it has to cover things that happen in a certain localityC.readers are difficult to pleaseD.readers like to read different newspapers第39题The best title for this passage would be ______.A.The importance of Newspaper TopicalityB.The Characteristics of a Good NewspaperC.The Variety of a Good NewspaperD.Some Suggestions on How to Read a Newspaper上一题下一题(40~44/共20题)Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage ThreeMillions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication—having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worded. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serous debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proofthat mobile phones are bad for your health.On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning (扫描) equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn´t remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer´s doctor didn´t agree.What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it´s best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, it´s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.第40题People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that ______.A.they´re popularB.they´re cheapC.they´re usefulD.they´re convenient第41题The world "detected" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ______.A.curedB.removedC.discoveredD.caused第42题The salesman retired young because ______.A.he disliked using mobile phonesB.he was tired of talking on his mobile phoneC.he couldn´t remember simple tasksD.his employer´s doctor persuaded him to第43题On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies ______.A.deny the existence of mobile phone radiationB.develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiationC.try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to healthD.hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about第44题The writer´s purpose of writing this article is to advise people ______.A.to buy mobile phonesB.to update regular phonesC.to use mobile phones less oftenD.to stop using mobile phones上一题下一题(45~49/共20题)Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage FourEarth´s North and South Poles are famous for being cold and icy. Last year, however, the amount of ice in the Arctic Ocean fell to a record low.Normally, ice builds in Arctic waters around the North Pole each winter and shrinks during the summer. But for many years, the amount of ice left by the end of summer has been declining.Since 1979, each decade has seen an 11.4 percent drop in end of summer ice cover. Between 1981 and 2000, ice in the Arctic lost 22 percent of its thickness, becoming 1.13 meters thinner.Last summer, Arctic sea ice reached its skimpiest levels yet. By the end of summer 2007, the ice had shrunk to cover just 4.2 million square kilometers. That´s 38 percent less area than the average cover at that time of year. And it´s a very large 23 percent below the previous record low, which was set just 2 years ago. This continuing trend has scientists concerned.There may be several reasons for the ice melt, says Jinlun Zhang, an oceanographer at the University of Washington at Seattle. Unusually strong winds blew through the Arctic last summer. The winds pushed much of the ice out of the central Arctic, leaving a large area of thin ice and open water.Scientists also suspect that fewer clouds cover the Arctic now than in the past, clearer skies allow more sunlight to reach the ocean. The extra heat warms both the water and the atmosphere. In parts of the Arctic Ocean last year, surface temperatures were 3.5℃warmer than average and 1.5℃warmer than the previous record high.With both air and water getting warmer, the ice is melting from both above and below. In some darts of the Beaufort Sea, north of Alaska and western Canada, ice that measured 3.3 meters thick at the beginning of the summer measured just 50 centimeters by season´s end.The new measurements suggest that melting is far more severe than scientists have seen by just looking at ice cover from above, says Donald K. Perovich, a geophysicist at the U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover, N. H.Some scientists fear that the Arctic is stuck in a warming trend from which it may never recover.第45题Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "build" in the second paragraph?A.constructB.extendC.create.D.expand第46题What is the ice cover in the Arctic by the end of 2007 summer?A.4.2 million square kilometersB.11.4 million square kilometersC.1.13 million square kilometersD.38 million square kilometersWhat are the reasons for the ice melting according to the scientists?A.strong winds and clear skiesB.long summer and short winterC.open water and thin iceD.light clouds and light winds第48题Why is the ice melting from both above and below?A.Because extra heat warms the air.B.Because extra heat warms the water.C.Because the temperature above the water is higher.D.Both A and B.第49题What can be a possible title for the passage?A.What Are Scientists Looking for in the Arctic Ocean?B.What Are Scientists Doing in the Arctic Ocean?C.Why Are Scientists Worrying about the Arctic Ocean?D.Why Are Scientists Interested in the Arctic Ocean?上一题下一题(50~59/共10题)Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Men who exercise often are less likely to die from cancer than those who __1__, new research published in the British Journal of Cancer revealed yesterday.A team of scientists from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden looked __2__the effect of physical activity and cancer risk in 40,708 men aged __3__45 and 79.The seven-year study found that men __4__walked or cycled for at least 30 minutes a day had a 34 percent lower __5__of dying from cancer than the men who did less exercise or nothing at all. 6 the period studied, 3,714 men developed cancer and 1,153 died from the disease. The researchers suggest that half an hour´s walking __7__cycling a day increased survival among these men by 33 percent.The researchers surveyed men from two counties in central Sweden about their lifestyle and the amount of __8__activity they were usually doing. They then scored these responses and compared the results with data on cancer diagnosis and death officially recorded in a central cancer registry (登记簿) over a seven-year __9__. Lead author, Professor Alicja Wolk, said: "These results clearly show for the first time the effect that very simple and basic daily __10__such as walking or cycling has in reducing cancer death risk in middle-aged and elderly men."第50题__1__A.didn´tB.don´tC.won´t第51题__2__A.onB.ofC.atD.by第52题__3__A.fromB.betweenC.atD.about第53题__4__A.whichB.whomC.whoD.what第54题__5__A.rushB.turnC.riskD.fall第55题__6__A.DuringB.SinceC.DespiteD.Between 第56题__7__A.alongB.butC.orD.with第57题__8__A.mentalB.physicalC.emotionalD.artistic第58题A.rankB.listC.ageD.period第59题__10__A.exerciseB.lifeC.workD.style上一题下一题(1/1)Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)第60题Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.1.The old lady had always been proud of the great rose-tree in her garden, and was fond of telling how it had grown from a cutting she had brought years before from Italy, when she was first married. She and her husband had been travelling back in their carriage from Rome (it was before the time of railways) and on a bad piece of road south of Siena they had broken down, and had been forced to pass the night in a little house by the road-side. The accommodation was wretched of course; she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn. She could still, after all these years, remember the blue mountains with the bright moon above them, and how a far-off town on one of the peaks had gradually grown whiter and whiter, till the moon faded, the mountains were touched with the pink of the rising sun, and suddenly the town was lit as by an illumination, one window after another catching and reflecting the sun´s beam, till at last the whole little city twinkled and sparkled up in the sky like a nest of stars.______上一题下一题(1/1)Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)第61题现在很多年轻人每个月都把自己赚的钱花光，他们被称作“月光族”2．有人认为这是一种时尚的消费观念，但很多人反对这样消费3．你的看法_____上一题交卷交卷答题卡答案及解析(1/5)Part ⅠDialogue CommunicationSection A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Section A Dialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.第1题A: Could you get me extension 6459, please?B: ______A.Hello? This is Tom Brown.B.Sure. Here you are.C.Sorry. The line is engaged.D.John Smith´s office. What can I do for you?参考答案： C 您的答案：未作答答案解析：这是打电话时的常用语，通常是打电话一方要求接线员帮助转接到所需要拨打的分机号码。
2002年-2011年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语真题及答案解释
2002年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Paper OnePart I Vocabulary and Structure(25 minutes，10 points)Directions：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section．For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．1．Experiments in the photography of moving objects in both the United States and Europe well before 1990．A．have been conducting B．were conductingC．had been conducted D．are conducted2．After long negotiations，the firm to build a double-purpose bridge across the river．A．contracted B．contacted C．consulted D．Convinced3．Diderot was also a philosophical materialist，that thought developed from the movements and changes of matter．A．believing B．have been located C．believes D．be locating4．We felt to death because we could make nothing of the lecturer‘s speech．A．exposed B．tired C．exhausted D．bored5．The population of many Alaskan cities has doubled in the past three years．A．larger than B．more than C．as great as D．as many as6．It was very difficult to build a power station in the deep valley，but it as we had hoped．A．came off B．went off C．brought out D．made out7．A baby might show fear of an unfamiliar adult，he is likely to smile and reach out to another infant．A．if B．whenever C．so that D．whereas8．Christmas is a holiday usually celebrated on December 25th the birth of Jesus Christ．A．in accordance with B．in terms ofC．in favor of D．in honor of9．Weather ，there will be an open air party with live music here this weekend．A．permits B．should permitC．will permit D．permitting10．When workers are organized in trade unions，employers find it hard to lay them ．.A．off B．asideC．out D．down11．The symbols of mathematics we are most familiar are the signs of addition，subtraction，multiplication，division and equality．A．to which B．whichC．with which D．in which12．The machines in this workshop are not regulated but are jointly controlled by a central computer system．A．inevitably B．individuallyC．irrespectively D．irregularly13．We are sure that to do this face to face，he would find it difficult to express himself without losing his temper．A．were he to try B．would he tryC．was he trying D．if he triesl4．The local people were joyfully surprised to find the prices of vegetables no longer according to the weather．A．evaluated B．convertedC．fluctuated D．modifiedl5．he realized it was already too late for us to return home．A．No sooner it grew dark when B．Hardly it grew dark thanC．It was not until dark that D．Scarcely it grew dark than16．Without computer network，it would be impossible to carry on any business operation in the advanced countries．A．practically B．preferablyC．precisely D．possibly17．will Mr．Forbes be able to regain control of the company．A．With hard work B．As regards his hard workC．Only if he works hard D．Despite his hard Work18．From the incident they have learned a lesson：decisions often lead to bitter regrets．A．urgent B．hastyC．instant D．prompt19．What the teacher of the science class does and says of great importance to the students at college．A．was B．areC．is D．were20．The Chinese community there，consisting of 67 000 ，is the largest concentration of Chinese outside Asia．A．visitors B．workersC．adults D．inhabitantsPart II Reading Comprehension(70 minutes，40 points)Directions：There are 5 passages in this part．Each of the passages is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are 4 choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．Passage OneIn the United States the way people spend their leisure time is an important part of their identity．Perhaps everybody does nearly the same thing all day in the office or the factory，but leisure time is what makes people distinct and reveals who they are．Some people like rock music，for example，and others may like jazz or classical music．Some people are runners or swimmers，and others are“couch(睡椅)potatoes”who“surf”the television channels with a remote control．Some go to museums while others spend long hours at a shopping centre．These kinds of choices are ways that people define themselves．It hasn‘t always been this way．“Leisure time”was almost unknown in the United States in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries．When most people worked on farms，the workday was from sunrise to sunset every day except Sunday，which was devoted to church．Later，with the rise of factories and city populations，people worked equally long hours and had only Sunday for rest．Some people did many of the things then that they do now—attend concerts，have parties，go to restaurants．read novels，or play sports—but to a much lesser extent.Slowly，throughout the twentieth century，leisure time grew．Technology made farm work less burdensome．and changes in laws shortened the factory work day and week．New inventions such as the phonograph(留声机)and the radio gave people access to music and mass entertainment on a scale unknownbefore．People gradually became consumers of entertainment，and businesses competed fiercely for their dollars．For many people leisure time means going somewhere—to a museum , to a concert , to a restaurant, or to a baseball game , for example. Or it means doing something such as playing volleyball，backpacking，swimming，biking，or playing in a park with their children．For other people free time means staying home with wonderful sources of entertainment，such as a VCR，stereo(立体声系统)，or cable TV with dozens of channels．Others pursue creative activities such as cooking，gardening，and home improvement．The latest stay-at-home activity is“surfing the net”—that is．looking for information and entertainment on the Internet．People in the United States are basically not much different from others in what they do in their leisure time．The real difference may lie in the energy，time，money，and sheer enthusiasm that they devote to it．21．“Couch potatoes”in paragraph 1 refers to those who ．A．control their viewing of TV programs B．are happy watching situation comediesC．watch TV while eating potato chips D．are crazy about watching TV programs 22．According to the passage，in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries，some Americans ．A．worked from sunrise to sunset seven days a weekB．preferred working in factories to working on farmsC．had many of the leisure time activities that people now haveD．fought for shorter working hours and more leisure time23．Apart from technology，the growing leisure time throughout the twentieth century is also due to．A．changes in laws B．mass entertainmentC．new types of consumption D．competitive businesses24．In terms of leisure time activities，people in the United States．A．enjoy a larger variety than people in other countriesB．are not much different from people in other countriesC．enjoy more stay—at—home activities such as“surfing the net’’D．are less energetic and enthusiastic than othersPassage TwoWhether you are logging on to your personal computer，using a credit card，or disarming a door security system，passwords or PINs (personal identification numbers)jealously guard access to numerous regular operations．It is estimated that within ten years，consumers could be faced with handling more than 100 passwords! Given the popularity of passwords，how Can you choose ones that are sufficiently complicated to be secure yet are simple enough to remember?There are basic guidelines to bear in mind．First，the don‘ts．Don‘t use as a password your name or that of a member of your family，even in modified form．Also avoid use of your telephone number，your Social Security number，or your address．Such information Can easily be obtained by a determined hacker(黑客)．In addition，if possible，don‘t use passwords made up entirely of letters or digits．A relatively simple computer program can crack such a code quickly．Finally，do not use a word that can be found in any dictionary，even a foreign-language one．Huge lists are available that contain words，place names，and proper names from all languages．Programs can test for variations of these words，such as if they are spelled backward，capitalized，or combined．So，what kinds of passwords should be used? Usually ones that have a minimum of six to eight characters and that have a mixture of upper—and lower-case letters，digits，and punctuation(标点)symbols．How difficult is it to crack such a combination of characters? One source says that“a machine that could try one million passwords per second would require，on the average，over one hundred years．”How can you choose a combination that is easy to remember?Some suggest that you take the title ofa favorite book or film or a line from a song or poem and use the first letter from each word as your password，adding capital letters，punctuation，or other characters．For example，“to be or not to be”could become“2B ／not2B”．Other suggestions include taking two short words and link them with a punctuation character．such as “High。
2010_在职联考_教育硕士_英语二_真题及参考答案
英语二试卷一[供报考学科教学（英语）专业考生使用]Section ⅠUse of English (20 minutes, 10%)Section ⅡReading Comprehension (70 minutes, 50%) 考生须知1. 本考试分试卷一和试卷二两部分。
试卷一满分60分，考试时间为90分钟，14:30开始，16:00结束；试卷二满分40分，考试时间为60分钟，16:00开始，17:00结束。
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答题前，请核对答题卡是否A型卡，若不是，请要求监考员予以更换。
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5. 监考员宣布试卷一考试结束时，请立即停止答试卷一，将试卷一及其答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上，继续做试卷二。
监考员将到座位上收取试卷一及其答题卡。
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英语二试卷二[供报考学科教学（英语）专业考生使用]Section ⅢTranslation (20 minutes, 20%)Section ⅣWriting (40 minutes, 20%)考生须知1. 试卷二满分40分，考试时间为60分钟，16:00开始，17:00结束。
2. 请考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。
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2010年在职教育硕士《英语二》真题A卷-中大网校
2010年在职教育硕士《英语二》真题A卷总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：150分Section ⅠUse of English ( 20 minutes,10% )(1)根据下面材料，回答第{TSE}题：(2)请在（02）处填上最佳答案。
A. vocabulariesB. expressionsC. structuresD. usages(3)请在（03）处填上最佳答案。
A. asB. forC. toD. with(4)请在（04）处填上最佳答案。
A. how muchC. whatD. how many(5)请在（05）处填上最佳答案。
A. ofB. inC. withD. for(6)请在（06）处填上最佳答案。
A. ButB. HoweverC. NeverthelessD. Though(7)请在（07）处填上最佳答案。
A. moodB. numberC. genderD. person(8)请在（08）处填上最佳答案。
A. tookB. didC. madeD. acted(9)请在（09）处填上最佳答案。
A. to completeB. completeC. completedD. completing(10)请在（10）处填上最佳答案。
A. meantB. plannedC. hoped(11)请在（11）处填上最佳答案。
A. ratherB. thanC. insteadD. from(12)请在（12）处填上最佳答案。
A. phraseB. sentenceC. structureD. verb(13)请在（13）处填上最佳答案。
A. asked aboutB. looked aroundC. felt likeD. heard about(14)请在（14）处填上最佳答案。
A. end upB. result inC. lead toD. attribute to(15)请在（15）处填上最佳答案。
2007年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考教育硕士英语二试卷一
2007年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考教育硕士英语二试卷一2007年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考教育硕士英语二试卷一SectionⅠ Use of English (20 minutes, 10%) Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blasnk form A, B, C or D.The adults the United States constitute a work force about 81 million people, of whom only 27 million possess a marketable skill as a result of conscious career development. The remaining 2/3 of the work force, not 015 million unemployed, have managed to 02a livelihood, without special skills or experience. During their employed 03 , these individuals will hold many different jobs, 04 the most part unrelated to each other.05 ab out 2.5 million young people a year06 high school or college, with little or no idea of what to do 07 their lives. I estimate that upwards of 50 percent of our young people now in school or college have no real goals toward08 to aim, and 10 them systematically.There are 11 jobs all over the country. Yet, 17 percent of our under-twenty age group are unemployed, many of them 12 welfare. More than 30 percent of our minority young people of this age group are unemployed. 13 none of these young people had the 14 of career education or the traditional technical education 15 in many schools. Is it any 16 that student’s unrest is the result of the unchanging institutional 17 that have failed to make learning useful or meaningful for those who now want more 18 teaching and learning useful or meaningful for those who now want more 18 teaching and learning than the system offers? In fact, our 19 of career development in recent years has done damage to the total educational 20 of both the individual and the nation..01. A. calculating B. counting C. amountingD. computing02. A. build B. open C. enter D. keep03. A. life B. time C. livelihood D. period04. A. in B. by C. with D. for05. A. Roughly B. Strangely C. CurrentlyD. Obviously06. A. graduate B. finish C. complete D. leave07. A. to B. with C. about D.in08. A. what B. that C. which D. those09. A. information B. knowledge C. practice D. literacy10. A. promoting B. continuing C. pursuingD. advancing11. A. potential B. unfilled C. unfitted D. redundant12. A. on B. by C. in D. to13. A. Frequently B. Virtually C. UsuallyD. Apparently14. A. benefits B. chances C. results D. records15. A. accessible B. assessable C. availableD. desirable16. A. secret B. shock C. miracle D.wonder17. A. programs B. codes C. levels D. orders18. A. exotic B. profitable C. reasonable D. realistic19. A. neglect B. defect C. fault D. defeat20. A. deeds B. needs C. causes D. quests SectionⅡ Reading (70 minutes, 50%)Part ARead the following text and answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D.The place of public education within a democratic society has been widely discussed and debated throughout the years. Perhaps no one has written more widely on the subject in the United States than “the father of public education.” John Dewey. Dewey asserted that education contains a large social component designed to provide direction and assure children’s development through their participation in the group to which they belong. Inexplaining education as a social act, he regarded the classroom as a replica (exact copy) of society.Dewey believed that just as humans need sleep, food, water and shelter for physiological renewal, they also need education to renew their minds, assuring that their socialization keeps pace with physiological growth. He thought that education should provide children with a nurturing atmosphere to encourage the growth of their as-yet-undeveloped social customs and that the steadying and organizing influences of school should provide direction indirectly through the selection of the situations in which the youngster participated.Above all, Dewey saw public education as a catalyst (motive force) for growth. Since the young came to school capable of growth, it was the role of education to provide opportunities for that growth to occur. Thesuccessful school environment is one in which a desire for continued growth is created –- a desire that extends throughout one’s life beyond the end of formal education. In Dewey’s model, the role of education in a democratic society is not seen as a preparation for some later stage in life, such as adulthood. Rather, education is seen as a process of growth that never ends, with human beings continuously expanding their capacity for growth. Neither did Dewey’s model see education as a means by which the past was repeated. Instead, education was a continuous reconstruction of experiences, grounded very much in the present environment. Since Dewey’s model places a heavy emphasis on the social component, the nature of the larger society that supports the educational system is of vital importance. The ideal larger society, according to Dewey, is one in which the interests of a group are shared by all of its members andin which interactions with other groups are free and full. He believed that education in such a society should provide members of the group a stake or interest in social relationships and he ability to facilitate change without compromising the order and stability of the society. His teachings continue to play a significant role in the formulation of curriculum geared toward the furthering of democratic principles -------the school system and beyond. 21.Dewey pictured the classroom as a replica of society because.A.t he classroom is immune to social invasion.B.Society imposes its principles on education.C.T he school is a crucial component ofsociety.D.E ducation comprises social interactions.22.Dewey’s philosophy implies that the lack of education for a child would.A.b e mentally destroying.B.Be life intimidating.C.B lock his physical renewal.D.C ause faulty socialization.23.Dewey considered all of the following as true EXCEPT.A.h is model should affect curriculumformulation.B.Direction provided by education should besubtle.C.S chools must foster their participants inevery way.D.I ntellectual renewal must go with physicalgrowth.24.According to Dewey, the goal of education is toA.s atisfy the diverse desires of the youth.B.Impart ready experiences to the young.C.P ave the way for youngsters’ ambitions.D.M ake profound impacts on the students.25.Dewey believed that in the ideal society education shouldA.p romote democratic social principles atlarge.B.Make social groups enjoy commoninterests.C.K eep social stability from beingendangered.D.R eform the established social order mildly.26.The author suggests that Dewey’s theoryA.d ominates educational philosophy.B.Is the by-product of social idealism.C.F ar exceeds the realm of education.D.I s sure to arouse a social revolution.Part BYou are going to read an extract about curriculum. Six paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (27-32). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.CurriculumIt seems fairly obvious that if teachers are to he the ones responsible for developing the curriculum, they need the time, the skills and the support to do so. Support may include curriculum models and guidelines. It should alsoinclude counseling and bilingual support, and may include support from individuals acting in a curriculum advisory position. The provision of such support cannot be removed from, and must not be seen in isolation from, the curriculum.27____________________In many institutions, it is customary to identify teachers as ‘experienced’or ‘inexperienced’according to the number of years they have been teaching (a common cut-off figure seems to be four or five).28 ________________________In general, there is a great deal of confusion over the term ‘curriculum’, Many teachers see ‘the curriculum’as a set of prescriptive statements about what ‘should happen’. This makes any reference to curriculum matters by outsiders quite threatening.29 _____________________This, in fact, returns us to the point that the relationship between planning, teaching and learning is extremely complex. The notion thatthere is a simple equation between these three components of the curriculum (i.e. that ‘what is planned’=’what is taught = ‘what is learned’) is naïve, simplistic and misleading. It is crucial for those involved in course and program evaluation to be aware of this complexity.30 ________________________The amount that a teacher working alone can achieve is strictly limited. The best teacher- based curriculum development occurs as the result of team efforts, when groups of teachers with similar concerns or with similar students work together to develop a program or course.31 __________________In the past, within the Adult Migrant Education Program, there has been a tendency for initiatives which have curricular implications to be introduced on a grand scale in an unsystematic way with very little monitoring and evaluation. The adoption of a learner-centered approach to curriculum is a case in point.32____________________Many of the problems which are attributed to lack of curriculum continuity flow directly from the adoption of a learner-centered philosophy and the requirement, inherent in this philosophy, that the classroom practitioner be the principal agent of curriculum development, It may well be that a certain amount of discontinuity is inevitable, the price we pay for the chosen philosophy. There is certainly no single or simple solution.A Other examples include the development of self-access centers and the introduction of bilingual information officers. The same may well be said of plans to introduce counseling services, bilingual assistants and curriculum advisors. There is a great deal to be said for curriculum development to occur through small-scale case studies and action research projects which are adequately planned, closely monitored and properly evaluated, rather thanthrough large-scale national initiatives. Teachers are certainly inclined to adopt an innovation which is the result of successful practice than an untested idea which is thrust upon them.B If teachers are to be the principal agents of curriculum development, they need to develop a range of skills which go beyond classroom management and instruction. Curriculum development will therefore be largely a matter of appropriate staff development.C One of the points which emerged most strongly from the study was the fact that continuity in language programs is not just a curricular or pedagogical problem. It is an administrative, management and organizational problem as well as a counseling and curriculum-support.D Such collaboration may or may not include team teaching. While team teaching is recognized by teachers as being highly desirable desirable, many reported that they were prevented from adopting a team approach byadministrative and bureaucratic inflexibility.E There is a need for the scope of curriculum to be expanded to include not only what ‘should happen’, but also what ‘does happen’. Curriculum practice should thus be derived as much from successful practice as from statements of intent.F In terms of the provision of support, other teachers have the highest credibility in the eyes of practitioners. The practice of removing competent teachers from the classroom to be administrators or advisors results in an immediate drop in credibility. It may be more desirable to target practitioners who expertise in a limited domain, e.g.’literacy’or ‘assessment’, than as ‘experts’across the total field of curriculum activityG However, it may well be that there is no such thing as an ‘experienced’teacher, if by experienced is meant a teacher who can, at a moment’s notice and with minimal support, plan, implement and evaluate a course in anyarea of the Program. This was demonstrated by the experience of Sally. It also emerged in interviews where only one or two percent of teachers indicated indicated that they would be able to teach in an unfamiliar area without support.Part CYou are going to read a passage about the role of textbooks in language teaching. Choose from the list A-G the headings which best summarize each paragraph (33-38) of the passage. There is one extra heading that you do not need to use.33 __________________________Textbooks are key component in most language programs. In some situations they serve as the basis for much of the language input learners receive and the language practice that occurs in the classroom. They may provide the basis for the content of the lessons, the balance of skills taught and the kinds of language practice the students take part in. In other situations, the textbook may serve primarily tosupplement the teacher’s instruction. For learners. The textbook may provide the major source of contact they have with the language apart from input provided by the teacher.34 ______________________In the case of inexperienced teachers textbooks may also serve as a form of teacher training – they provide ideas on how to plan and teach lessons as well as formats that teachers can use. Much of the language teaching that occurs throughout the world today could not take place without the extensive use of cormmercial textbooks. Learning how to use and adapt textbooks is hence an important part of a teacher’s professional knowledge.35 ______________________Textbooks, however, sometimes present inauthentic language since texts, dialogs and other aspects of content tend to be specially written to incorporate teaching points and are often not representative of real language use. Textbooks often present an idealized view of theworld or fail to representative of real issues. Furthermore, if teachers use textbooks as the primary source of their teaching, leaving the textbook and teacher’s manual to make the major instructional decisions of them, the teacher’s role can become reduced to that of a technician whose primarily function is to present materials prepared by others.36________________________With such an array of commercial textbooks and other kinds of instructional materials to choose from teachers and others responsible for choosing materials need to be able to make informed judgments about textbooks and teaching materials. Evaluation, however, can only be done by considering something in relation to its purpose. A book may be ideal in one situation because it matches the needs of that situation perfectly. It has just the right amount of material for the program, it is easy to teach, it can be used with little preparation by inexperienced teachers, and it has an equalcoverage of grammar and the four skills. However the same book in a different situation may turn out to be quite unsuitable.37 ___________________________Two factors are involved in the development of commercial textbooks: those representing the interests of the author, and those representing the interests of the publisher. The author is generally concerned to produce a text that teachers will find innovative, creative, relevant to their learners’ needs, and that they will enjoy teaching from. The author is generally hopeful that the book will be successful and make a financial profit since a large investment of the author’s personal time and effort is involved. The publisher is primarily motivated by financial success.38 __________________________When developing materials, the publisher will try to satisfy teachers’ expectations as to what a textbook at a certain level should contain. For example, if an introductory ESL textbook doesnot include the present continuous in the first level of the book, teachers may feel that it is defective and not wish to use it. In an attempt to make an author’s manuscript usable in as large a market as possible, the publisher often has to change it substantially. Some of these changes are necessitated by the fact teachers with very different levels of experience, training, and teaching skill might be using the book.A Textbooks have limitations and disadvantages.B Textbooks can be adapted in classroom teaching.C Textbooks need to be evaluated before they are adopted.D Textbooks should meet teacher’needs in classroom teaching.E Textbook development often serves different purposes.F Textbooks provide the major source of learning.G Textbooks facilitate teachers’ professionaldevelopment.Part DYou are going to read a passage about using the native language in the classroom of second language teaching. Decide whether the statements in the box agree with the information given in the passage. You should choose from the following.A YES = the statement agrees with the informationB NO = the statement contradicts the informationC NOT GIVEN = there is no such information in the passageA voiding use of the 1.1 in the classroomWhile fashions in language teaching ebbed and flowed during the twentieth century, certain basic assumptions were accepted by most language teachers. Though these assumptions have affected many generations of students and teachers, they are rarely discussed or presentedto new teachers but are taken for granted as the foundation of language teaching.One of these assumptions is the discouragement of L1 use in the classroom. This convention can be phrased in stronger or weaker forms. At its strongest, it is ‘Ban the L1 from the classroom.’Only in circumstances where the teacher does not speak the students’L1 or the students have different L1 where the teacher does not speak the students’L1 or the students have different L1 could this be achieved. At weakest, the rule is ‘Minimize the L1 in the classroom,’ that is to say, use it as little it as little as possible. A usefulness of the L2 rather than the harm of the first. However the assumption is phrased, the L2 is seen as positive, the L1 as negative. The L1 is not something to be utilized in teaching but to be set aside.Most teaching methods since the 1880s have adopted this Direct Method avoidance of the L1. The monolingual principle., the unique contribution of the twentieth century toclassroom language teaching, remains the bedrock notion form which the others ultimately derive. Communicative language teaching and task-based learning methods have no necessary relationship with the L1, yet, as we shall see, the only times that the L1 is mentioned is when advice is given on how to minimize its use. The main theoretical treatments of task-based learning do not, for example, have any locatable mentions of the classroom use of the L1. Most descriptions of methods portray the ideal classroom as having as little of the L1 as possible, essentially by omitting any reference to it. Perhaps the only exception is the grammar-translation method, which has little or no public support.Avoidance of the L1 lies behind many teaching techniques, even if it is seldom spelled out. Most teaching manuals consider this avoidance as so obvious that no classroom use of the L1 is ever mentioned. Even writers who are less enthusiastic about avoiding the L1 takeissue primarily with the extent to which this is imposed. Those arguing for the L1 to be mixed with the L2 on a deliberate and consistent basis in the classroom are few and far between. Thus, this anti-L1 attitude was clearly a mainstream element in twentieth-century language teaching methodology.This is not to say that teachers do not actually use the L1 every day. Like nature, the L1 creeps back in, however many times you throw it out with a pitchfork. Even in English-only US classrooms ‘the use of the native language is so compelling that it emerges even when policies and assumptions mitigate against it’. The UK National Curriculum still needs to remind teachers 120 years after the Great Reform that ‘the target language is the normal means of communication’. Teachers resort to the L1 despite their best intentions and often feeling guilty for straying from the L2 path.。
在职教育硕士联考英语阅读训练及答案(二)
在职教育硕士联考英语阅读训练及答案（二）After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movementIf you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Otherpeople believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!1. A good title for this passage is ___.A. SleepC. DreamsB. Good HealthD. Work and Rest参考答案：A2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means ___.A. sickC. asleepB. stand upD. a little sleepy参考答案：D3. This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you ___.A. dream more oftenC. nervousB. have poor healthD. breathe quickly参考答案：B4. During REM, ___.A. your eyes move quicklyC. you are restlessB. you dreamD. both A and B参考答案：D5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is ___.A. approximately six hoursC. about eight hoursB. around ten hoursD. not stated here参考答案：D。
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语（二）试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best words for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.1_____, when done too often , this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2_____.As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3____on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4_____ the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5____ my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6_____of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7____ altering your training program. The most 8______changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these 9_____, I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10_____. Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11______my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12_____ any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13_____ my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14_____to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly 15_____and dropping weight, this is a 16_____that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17_____ to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I am experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18_____ morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19_____ I’m training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20_____over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. [A]. Besides [B]. Therefore [C]. Otherwise [D]. However2. [A]. helps [B]. cares [C]. warns [D]. reduces3. [A]. initially [B]. solely [C]. occasionally [D]. formally4. [A]. recording [B].lowering [C]. explaining [D]. accepting5. [A]. modify [B]. set [C]. review [D]. reach6. [A]. definition [B].depiction [C]. distribution [D]. prediction7. [A]. due to [B].regardless of [C]. aside from [D]. along with8. [A]. orderly [B].rigid [C]. precise [D].immediate9. [A]. claims [B].judgments [C]. reasons [D]. methods10. [A]. instead [B].though [C]. again [D]. indeed11. [A]. report [B].track [C]. overlook [D]. conceal12. [A]. depend on [B].approve of [C]. hold onto [D]. account for13. [A]. prepare [B]. share [C]. adjust [D]. confirm14. [A]. results [B].features [C]. rules [D]. tests15. [A]. bored [B]. anxious [C]. hungry [D]. sick16. [A]. principle [B].secret [C]. belief [D]. sign17. [A]. request [B].necessity [C]. decision [D]. wish18. [A]. disappointing [B].surprising [C].restricting [D]. consuming19. [A]. if [B].because [C]. unless [D]. until20. [A]. obsessing [B].dominating [C]. puzzling [D]. triumphingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child’s growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortable—it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet t his understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger rec ognition that emotions aren’t binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for anemotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, she rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadn’t magically become more sympathet ic to the other child’s deprivation.“That’s good news,” Malti says. “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret.”21.Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help______.A. foster a child’s moral developmentB. regulate a child's basic emotionsC. improve a child's intellectual abilityD. intensify a child's positive feelings22.According to paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be______.A. inexcusableB. deceptiveC. addictiveD. burdensome23. Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that______.A. emotions are context-independentB. an emotion can play opposing rolesC. emotions are socially constructiveD. emotional stability can benefit health24. Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing _______.A. may be the outcome of impulsive actsB. may help correct emotional deficienciesC. can bring about emotional satisfactionD. can result from either sympathy or guilt25. The word “transgressions” (Line 4, Para.5) is closest in meaning to _______.A. teachingsB. wrongdoingsC. discussionsD. restrictionsText 2Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so. The climatechange we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap -- but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable "carbon sinks" long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.The state’s proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects. The landscape is rendered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 2010, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030 -- financed from the proceeds of the state's emissions-permit auctions. That's only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels. New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, but traditionally they’ve foc used on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. California’s plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor early next year, should serve as a model.26. By saying “one of the harder challenges,” the author implies that____.A. global climate change may get out of controlB. forests may become a potential threatC. people may misunderstand global warmingD. extreme weather conditions may arise27. To maintain forests as valuable “carbon sinks,” we may need to ____.A. preserve the diversity of species in themB. lower their present carbon-absorbing capacityC. accelerate the growth of young treesD. strike a balance among different plants28. California’s Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to _____.A. restore its forests quickly after wildfiresB. cultivate more drought-resistant treesC. find more effective ways to kill insectsD. reduce the density of some of its forests29. What is essential to California’s plan according to paragraph 5____?A. To obtain enough financial supportB. To carry it out before the year of 2020C. To handle the areas in serious danger firstD. To perfect the emissions-permit auctions30. The author’s attitude to California’s plan can best be described as ____.A. supportiveB. ambiguousC. tolerantD. cautiousText3American farmers have been complaining of labor shortages for several years. The complaints are unlikely to stop without an overhaul of immigration rules for farm workers.Congress has obstructed efforts to create a more straightforward visa for agricultural workers that would let foreign workers stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry. If this doesn't change, American businesses, communities, and consumers will be the losers.Perhaps half of U.S. farm laborers are undocumented immigrants. As fewer such workers enter the country, the characteristics of the agricultural workforce are changing. Today's farm laborers, while still predominantly born in Mexico, are more likely to be settled rather than migrating and more likely to be married than single. They’re also aging. At the start of this century, about one-third of crop workers were over the age of 35. Now more than half are. And picking crops is hard on older bodies. One oft-debated cure for this labor shortage remains as implausible as it has been all along: Native U.S. workers won't be returning to the farm.Mechanization isn’t the answer, either----not yet, at least. Production of corn, cotton, rice, soybeans, and wheat has been largely mechanized, but many high-value, labor-intensive crops, such as strawberries, need labor. Even dairy farms, where robots do a small share of milking, hav e a long way to go before they’re automated.As a result, farms have grown increasingly reliant on temporary guest workers using the H-2A visa to fill the gaps in the workforce. Starting around 2012, requests for the visas rose sharply; from 2011 to 2016 the number of visas issued more than doubled.The H-2A visa has no numerical cap, unlike the H-2B visa for nonagricultural work, which is limited to 66,000 a year. Even so, employers complain they aren't given all the workers they need. The process is cumbersome, expensive and unreliable. One survey found that bureaucratic delays led the average H-2A workers to arrive on the job 22 days late. The shortage is compounded by federal immigration raids, which remove some workers and drive others underground.In a 2012 survey, 71 percent of tree-fruit growers and almost 80 percent of raisin and berry growers said they were short of labor. Some western farmers have responded by moving operations to Mexico. From 1998 to 2000, 14.5 percent of the fruit Americans consumed was imported. Little more than a decade later, the share of imports was 25.8 percent.In effect, the U.S. can import food or it can import the workers who pick it.31. What problem should be addressed according to the first two paragraphs?A. Decline of job opportunities in U. S. agricultureB. Discrimination against foreign workers in the U.S.C. Biased laws in favor of some American businesses.D. Flaws in U.S. immigration rules for farm workers32. One trouble with U.S. agricultural workforce is_____.A. the aging of immigrant farm workersB. the rising number of illegal immigrantsC. the high mobility of crop workersD. the lack of experienced laborers33. What is the much-argued solution to the labor shortage in U.S. farming?A. To strengthen financial support for farmers.B. To attract younger laborers to farm work.C. To get native U.S. workers back to farmingD. To use more robots to grow high-value crops34. Agricultural employers complain about the H-2A visa for its _____.A. control of annual admissionsB. slow granting proceduresC. limit on duration of stayD. tightened requirements35. Which of the following could be the best title for this text?A. Manpower VS. Automation?B. U.S. Agriculture in Decline?C. Import Food or Labor?D. America Saved by Mexico?Text 4Arnold Schwarzenegger, Dia Mirza and Adrian Grenier have a message for you: It’s easy to beat plastic. They’re part of a bunch of celebrities star ring in a new video for World Environment Day--encouraging you, the consumer, to swap out your single-use plastic staples to combat the plastic crisis.The key messages that have been put together for World Environment Day do include a call for governments to enact legislation to curb single-use plastics. But the overarching message is directed at individuals.My concern with leaving it up to the individual, however, is our limited sense of what needs to be achieved. On their own, taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws, for example, will accomplish little and require very little of us. They could even be harmful, satisfying a need to have "done our bit" without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions---a kind of "moral licensing" that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it remains centered on shopping bags and straws, we're ignoring the balance of powerthat implies that as "consumers" we must shop sustainably, rather than as "citizens" hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change.It’s important to acknowledge that the environment isn’t everyone’s priority-or even most people’s. We shouldn’t expect it to be. In her latest book, Why Could People Do Bad Environmental Things, Elizabeth R. DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for the change to be structural.This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action, or banning single-use plastics altogether. India has just announced it will “eliminate all single-use plastic in the country by 2022.” There are also incentive-based ways of making better environmental choices easier, such as ensuring recycling is at least as easy as trash disposal.De Sombre isn’t saying people should stop caring about the environment. It’s just that individual actions are too slow, she says, for that to be the only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior.None of this is about writing off the individual. It’s just about putting things into perspective. We don’t have time to wait. We need progressive polici es that shape collective action, alongside engaged citizens pushing for change.36. Some celebrities star in a new video to_____.A. disclose the causes of the plastics crisisB. demand new laws on the use of plasticsC. urge consumers to cut the use of plasticsD. invite public opinion on the plastics crisis37. The author is concerned that “moral licensing” may_____. .A. suppress our desire for successB. mislead us into doing worthless thingsC. prevent us from making further effortsD. weaken our sense of accomplishment38. By pointing out our identity as “citizens," the author indicates that_____.A. We should press our government to lead the combatB. we have been actively exercising our civil rightsC. our relationship with local industries is improvingD. our focus should be shifted to community welfare39. DeSombre argues that the best way for a collective change should be_____.A. a top-down processB. a win-win arrangementC. a self-driven mechanismD. a cost-effective approach40. The author concludes that individual efforts______.A. can be too aggressiveB. can be too inconsistentC. are far from rationalD. are far from sufficientPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）How seriously should parent take kid’s opinions when searching for ahome?In choosing a new home, Camille McClain’s kids have a single demand: a backyard.McClain's little ones aren’t the only kids who have an opinion when it comes to housing, and in many cases youngsters’ views weigh heavily on parents’ real estate decisions, according to a 2018 Harris Poll survey of more than 2, 000 U. S. adults.While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions, reality agents and psychologists have mixed views about the financial, personal and long-term effects kids’ opinions may have.The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, said Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago.“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system, "he said.Greg Jaroszewski, a real estate broker with Gagliardo Realty Associates, said he’s not convinced that kids should be involved in selecting a home-but their opinions should be considered in regards to proximity to friends and social activities, if possible.Younger children should feel like they’re choosing their home-without actually getting a choice in the matter, said Adam Bailey, a real estate attorney based in New York.Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them feel like they’re being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.Many of the aspects of homebuying aren’t a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.“Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn’t base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions,” Hampson said.The other issue is that many children -----especially older ones-may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside, Calif."They love Chip and Julie Gaines just as much as the rest of us, " he said " HGTV has seriously changed how people view real estate. It's not shelter, it's a lifestyle. Withthat mindset change come some serious money consequences.”Kids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to them personally, Norris said.Parents need to remind their children that their needs and desires may change over time, said Julie Gurner,, a real estate analyst with .“Their opinions can change tomorrow, " Garner said. “ Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child’s opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best-and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.”This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children, despite the current housing crunch.Section III Translation46. Directions:In this section, there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.（15 points）It is easy to underestimate English writer James Herriot. He had such a pleasant, readable style that one might think that anyone could imitate it. How many times have I heard people say, “I could write a book, I just haven’t the time.” Easily said. Not so easily done. James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it, “having a go at the writing game”. While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final, polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practicing, re-writing and reading. Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed. Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literary field was no exception.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic. Write him an email to(1) suggest a specific topic with your reasons, and(2) tell him about your arrangements.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write your address.（10 points）Part B48.Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should(1)interpret the chart, and(2)give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.（15 points）2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二参考答案1-5 DABBD6-10 BADCA11-15 BDCAC16-20 DCABA21-25 ADBDB26-30 BBDCA31-35 DACAC36-40 CCAAD41-45 ADCGF46．参考译文我们很容易低估英国作家吉米•哈利。
在职研究生英语模拟试题2(附答案)
2015年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考（英语二）模拟试题八Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Some historians say that the most important con tribution of Dwight Eisenhower’s presidency (总统任期) in the 1950s was the U.S. interstate highway system. It was a __1__ project, easily surpassing the scale of such previous human __2__ as the Panama Canal. Eisenhower’s interstate highways __3__ the nation together in new ways and __4__ major economic growth by making commerce less __5__. Today, an information superhighway has been built—an electronic network that __6__ libraries, corporations, government agencies and __7__. This electronic superhighway is called the Internet, __8__ it is the backbone (主干) of the World Wide Web.The Internet had its __9__ in a 1969 U.S. Defense Department computer network called ARPAnet, which __10__ Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. The Pentagon built the network for military contractors and universities doing military research to __11__ information. In 1983 the National Science Foundation (NSF), __12__ mission is to promote science, took over.This new NSF network __13__ more and more institutional users, many of __14__ had their own internal networks. For example, most universities that __15__ the NSF network had intracampus computer networks. The NSF network __16__ became a connector for thousands of other networks. __17__ a backbone system that interconnects networks, Internet was a name that fit.So we can see that the Internet is the wired infrastructure on which web __18__ move. It began as a military communication system, which expanded into a government-funded __19__ research network. Today, the Internet is a user-financed system tying intuitions of many sorts together __20__ an "information superhighway.”1. A.concise B.radical C.massive D.trivial2. A.behaviors B.endeavors C.inventions D.elements3. A.packed B.stuck C.suppressed D.bound4. A.facilitated B.modified C.mobilized D.terminated5. petitive parative C.exclusive D.expensive6. A.merges B.connects C.relays D.unifies7. A.figures B.personalities C.individuals D.humans8. A.and B.yet C.or D.while9. A.samples B.sources C.origins D.precedents10. A.stood by B.stood for C.stood against D.stood over11. A.exchange B.bypass C.switch D.interact12. A.their B.that C.when D.whose13. A.expanded B.contracted C.attracted D.extended14. A.what B.which C.these D.them15. A.joined B.attached C.participated D.involved16. A.moreover B.however C.likewise D.then17. A.With B.By C.In D.As18. A.contexts B. signs C.messages D.leaflets19. A.citizen B.civilian C.amateur D.resident20. A.into B.amid C.over D.towardSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C, or D. mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Open up most fashion magazines and you will see incredibly thin models with impossible hair and wearing unreasonably expensive, impracticably styled clothes. But shouldn't clothes be comfortably durable and make a principle of being simple for the individual who wears them? Why are we constantly told that we need to buy new clothes and add fresh pieces to our collection?Fashions change year after year so lots of people can make piles of money. If folks are convinced that they need a different look each season, that this year's sweater's length and shoes style are important, they can be persuaded to buy. The fashion industry would have you ignore your shortcomings and just make you feel beautiful and happy. In fact, it is not only a phenomenon we can find in people's dressing.Fashion controls our lives. Fashion controls what we wear, what we eat, what we drink, the way we cut our hair, the makeup we buy and use, the color of the cars we drive. Fashion even controls our ideas.You don't believe me? How many of your friends are vegetarians? Why are they vegetarians? Because it is fashionable!Where does fashion come from? Often the answers are quite logical. Scientists and historians study the fashions of the past and discover the secrets of each fashion.When girls see an attractive guy, their blood pressure rises and their lips become redder. That's why guys think that girls wearing lipstick are beautiful.Why do guys shave their heads? In the past soldiers shaved their heads to kill the insects that lived in their hair. Now guys shave their heads so that they look strong and masculine, like soldiers. People spend a lot of time and money on fashion. But are they wasting their money? Changes in fashion help to develop new technologies. Changes in style create work for people all over the world. Many people work in the fashion industry, particularly in the fashion capitals of London, New York, Paris and Milan.And finally, fashion makes you feel good, doesn't it? When you are dressed in the latest style, dancing to the most fashionable music, after watching the latest hit film, you feel great, don't you?21. What's the author's viewpoint about the models and their hairstyles and clothes?A. Unbiased.B. Indifferent.C. Critical.D. Appreciative.22. It is indicated by the author that clothes should be ____.A. comfortable and durableB. new and freshC. expensive and fashionableD. simple and unique23. The fashion industry makes profits by ____.A. selling the products at high pricesB. creating a need in youC. helping you get rid of your shortcomingsD. making you look more beautiful24. The author thinks what has been found about fashions by the scientists and historians is ____.A. incredibleB. amazingC. reasonableD. creative25. The passage mentions the advantages of fashion EXCEPT that ____.A. it can help promote technological developmentB. it enables people to remain up-to-dateC. it can create more job opportunities for peopleD. it can make people achieve a great feelingText 2Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time.After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton.Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn't been born yet, or is a baby now. That's because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved.But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon.For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein's day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare.Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein’s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager—Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn't long before he became a philosopher himself."The independence created by philosophical insight is—in my opinion—the mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialist and a real seeker after truth," Einstein wrote in 1944.And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren't many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical—and rewarding—efforts."Maybe there is an Einstein out there today," said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene, "but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard."Especially considering what Einstein was proposing."The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea!" Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. "It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you’ll find the solution."Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his "miracle year" of 1905. These "thought experiments" were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations.What might happen to such a submission today?"We all get papers like those in the mail," Greene said. "We put them in the junk file."26. What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs?A. Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits.B. It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory.C. No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years.D. It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges.27. What was critical to Einstein's success?A. His talent as an accomplished musician.B. His independent and abstract thinking.C. His untiring effort to fulfill his potential.D. His solid foundation in math theory.28. What does the author tell us about physicists today?A. They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.B. They are very good at solving practical problems.C. They attach great importance to publishing academic papers.D. They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.29. What does Brian Greene imply by saying "... it would be a lot harder for him to be heard" (Lines1-2, Para. 9)?A. People have to compete in order to get their papers published.B. It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today.C. Papers like Einstein’s would unlikely get published today.D. Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories.30. When he submitted his papers in 1905, Einstein _______.A. forgot to make footnotes and citationsB. was little known in academic circlesC. was known as a young genius in math calculationsD. knew nothing about the format of academic papersText 3The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyone’s experience in the or ganization.Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of A T&T, Coca-Cola, Prudential, and Merch. Coleman says that based on what he's seen at big companies, he weighs the different elements that make for long-term career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%, image, 30%; and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases, it won't secure you the big promotion. He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are.Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, especially many women and members of minority raceswho, like Coleman, feel that the scales(障眼物) have dropped from their eyes. "Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs," says Kaleel Jamison, a New York-based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. "They think that if you work hard, you'll get ahead- that someone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion." She adds, "Most women and blacks are so frightened that people will think they've gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibility." Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight.31. According to the passage, "things formerly judged to be best left unsaid" (Line 2, Para.1) probably refers to "_____".A. criticisms that shape everyone's experienceB. the opinions which contradict the established beliefsC. the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eyeD. the ideas which usually come up with h new ways of management in the organization32. To achieve success in your career, the most important factor, according to the passage, is to _____.A. let your superiors know how good you areB. project a favorable image to the people around youC. work as a consultant to your superiorsD. perform well your tasks given by your superiors33. The reason why women and blacks play down their visibility is that they ______.A. know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotionB. want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefsC. don't want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or colorD. believe they can get promoted by reason of their sex or color34. The author is of the opinion that Coleman's beliefs are __________ .A. biasedB. popularC. insightfulD. superficial35. The best title for this passage would be ______.A. Role of Women and Minorities in ManagementB. The Importance of Being VisibleC. Job Performance and AdvancementD. Sex and Career SuccessText 4Age has its privileges in America, and one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age — in some cases as low as 55 — is automatically entitled to dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses — as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them; yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent. Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that "elderly" and "needy" are synonymous. Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor. Butmost of them aren’t.It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits,which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point. Buoyed by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job — thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment; and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against —discrimination by age.36. We learn from the first paragraph that _______.A. offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB. senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC. giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD. senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount37. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A. businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.B. Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.C. The elderly, being financially underprivileged, need humane help from society.D. Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system.38. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will _____.A . Make old people even more dependent on societyB. intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC. have adverse financial impact on business companiesD. bring a marked increase in the companies’ revenues39. How does the author view the Social Security system?A. It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B. It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C. It benefits the old at the expense of the young.D. It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions.40. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s main argument?A. Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B. The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C. Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D. Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Part BDirections: Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from column A that corresponds to each of the marked details given in column B. There are two extra choices in the left column. Mark your answer on ANSER SHEET 1. (10 points)“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines of his lab at Texas A&M University. “It’s a stupid endeavor.” That’s an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year—or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of man’s best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.Westhusin’s experience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine (犬的) eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy’s DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother (代母). The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when you’re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin’s phone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missy’s mysterious owner, who wishes to remain unknown to protect his privacy. He’s plopped down $3.7 million so far to fund the research because he wants a twin to carry on Missy’s fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy’s owners and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clone differs from Missy.”The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusin’s work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we’re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”Section III Translation (15 points)46. Directions:In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Oil-rich Norway remains the best country in the world to live in, while Zimbabwe, afflicted by economic crisis and AIDS, is the least desirable, according to an annual U.N. rating released on Thursday. The assessment came in a so-called human development index, a measure of well-being published by the U.N. Development Program for the past 20 years that combines individual economic prosperity with education levels and life expectancy.The UNDP placed Norway, Australia and New Zealand at the top and Niger--last year's back-marker -- the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zimbabwe at the bottom.But UNDP officials said the figures were not fully comparable due to changes in calculation methods this year. Per capita gross national income, which includes aid and remittances, has been used instead of gross domestic product, while in education literacy levels have been replaced by average years of schooling.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions: You have been studying in the University of Pittsburgh for six months as a visiting scholar and now you are leaving for China. Write a letter to express your gratitude to your supervisor, Prof. John Smith. Your letter should be no less than 100 words.Please do not sign your own name; sign Li Ming instead. (10 points)Part B48. Directions: You are supposed to write an essay of no less than 150 words on the title of Managing the Virtual Farm. Please follow the outline provided below. You should write this composition on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)1. 当前，很多人迷上了“开心农场”游戏，花很多时间上网种菜、偷菜；2. 对此，我的看法是：…;3. 总结。
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14. [A] hated [B] ignored [C] treated [D] welcome
15. IAI homeless [B] careless [C] selfless .[D] shameless
16. [A] fear [B] need [C] interest [D] hate
01. [A] one [B] part [C] much [D] some
02. [A] country [B] city [C] land [D] society
03. [A] hardly [B] frequently [C] approximately [D] always
20. [A] for [B] to [C] with [D] at
gection II Reading Comprehension (60%)
Part A (40 %)
Read the following texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.
10. [A] side [B] head [C] eyes [D] back
11. [A] like [B] refuse [C] straggle [D] want
12. [A] skin [B] clothes [C] faces [D] politeness
13. [A] also [B] so [C] yet [D] then
07. [A] sold [B] maintained [C] memorized [D] sacrificed
08. [A] Japan [B] China [C] Korea [D] Thailand
09. [A] scorned [B] respected [C]surprised [D] ignored
We suffer from a conspicuous lack of role models and shared causes. This is 01 ofreason, I think, that many young Asian-Americans continue to assimilate quietly into America2 as doctors, scientists and engineers. Our struggles are individual and familial but __03communal or political. Ours is a frustratingly limited version of the AMERICAN DrearrWhile I can strive for 04 into Harvard and become the talk of the Korean mothers in mlhometown, God forbid that I aim much further and higher than that -- 05 fame antinfluence as a writer, an intellectual or perhaps president of the United States.
Korean-American friends because they knew from our 12 where we had come from.
And 13 , in spite of the 17 years I have spent in this country, I feel more acutely consciousthan ever of the fact that I am not completely 14. Recently, a black man called me a "littleChinese faggot" in a men's room, and a 15 woman on the street told me to "go back toJapan." Americans, I think, feel a(n) 16 to keep both Asians and Asian-Americans at asociological, philosophical and geographical distance. With 17_ numbers of Asian-American18 applying to top colleges, many white students have begun to complain about Asian-American 19 and competitiveness, calling us "Asian nerds." Many Americans consider thisas part of a larger "Asian invasionf associated 20 Japan's export success in America.
3、其他题（翻译和写作）一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定的要求作答。凡做在试题册上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。
4、本考试时间为3小时。
Section I Use of English (10%)
Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and ma,A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1 (客观答题卡:).
17. [A] growing [B] expanding [C] developing [D] enlarging
18. [A] people [B] residents [C] students [D] foreigners
19. ,[Al diligence [B] laziness [C] hardship [D] stubbornness
nformation about attempts to hack into their computer netwoபைடு நூலகம்ks. Members can join the system
!t no charge.
A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks. A "sanitized"description of a hacking attempt or other incident - one that doesn't reveal the name or
ensitive information about the victim- can be shared with the other members to spot trends.
?hen a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's computer crimes unit to ietermine if there are grounds for an investigation.
在职攻读硕士学位全国联考教育硕士英语二试题册
考生须知
1、选择题（第01-40题）的答案必须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上。用其他笔填涂的答案或填涂在试题册上的答案无效。
2、选择题答案选出后，必须用2B铅笔在答题卡上相应的选中项上划一横线，如：[A][B][C][D]。划线要粗，要有一定浓度。修改时，必须用橡皮擦净后，再填涂其他选项。
Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 (客观答题卡).
Text 1
InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration
n countering the threat of cybercrime and terrorism to private businesses and the government.
04. [A] scholarship [B] citizenship [C] admittance [D] integration
05. [A] toward [B] near [C] between [D] among
06. [A] more [B] better [C] larger [D] longer
~y the end of September, there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states, Calloway said.