2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题 概括细节理解题典题例举(8页word版)

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(江苏专版)2019版高考语文二轮复习第二板块阅读4通法篇篇过关(含解析)

(江苏专版)2019版高考语文二轮复习第二板块阅读4通法篇篇过关(含解析)

技法一“概括提炼法”在信息概括(归纳)题目中的应用现代文阅读中,对信息概括(归纳)能力的考查,是高频考点,也是保分考点,而“概括提炼法”是解答此类题的金钥匙。

下面具体阐释“概括提炼法”,并结合题目展示这一方法。

题型一实用类文本概括分析题[例1] (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)阅读下面的文字,完成后面的题目。

(正文见拉分专题六“实用类文本阅读”预测题型二[典例印证])题目:在“互联网+”的影响下,图书出版业发生了哪些转变?请简要概括说明。

6分[解答示范][例2] (2013·重庆高考)阅读下面的文字,完成后面的题目。

枪口下的人格徐树建①这是1944年的8月,德国人占领下的巴黎。

在一家咖啡馆里,一名叫霍夫曼的德国少校脑后忽然被顶上一件冰凉的东西,随即有人大声命令道:“霍夫曼少校,举起你的手来。

”②霍夫曼大吃一惊,只得举起双手,一任挎在腰间的手枪被抽走,等转头一看顿时又气又羞,原来,刚才顶着自己的并不是枪,仅仅是一柄铲子,而俘虏他的人竟是贝尔蒂——他的房东。

③德国军队占领巴黎后,霍夫曼就住在贝尔蒂家。

他对贝尔蒂一家还算客气,不过,那更是一种骨子里的轻蔑。

此刻,望着霍夫曼疑惑不解的样子,贝尔蒂自豪地说:“我们起义了,全城都解放了,现在,我要把你押送到战俘营里。

”④于是霍夫曼不得不在前面走。

这时贝尔蒂的邻居迈尔迎面过来,冲上前对着霍夫曼就是一口黏痰。

霍夫曼不动声色地擦掉脸上的黏痰,然后傲慢地说:“先生,你太没有风度了。

作为一名有尊严的帝国军人,我鄙视你。

”迈尔听了暴跳如雷,挥舞着拳头要上前揍他,更有几个围观的人大叫起来:“扒了他的衣裳,用石块砸死这个德国佬。

”⑤贝尔蒂死命拉住迈尔,又对众人说:“他是一个俘虏,理应得到应有的尊重,还是让法律来审判他吧。

” 霍夫曼听了,对贝尔蒂微微弯腰,说:“谢谢。

”⑥贝尔蒂呵斥道:“收起你那一套吧。

你一个双手沾满无辜者鲜血的刽子手,有何风度、尊严可言?”⑦霍夫曼被关进了战俘营。

2019高考语文大二轮复习题点六文言文阅读提分点17关注细节,依文索意(含2018高考真题)课件

2019高考语文大二轮复习题点六文言文阅读提分点17关注细节,依文索意(含2018高考真题)课件

-10-
方法1
方法2
即学即练
全面读文,关注细节 概括分析题是涉及全篇内容的题目,全面理解,整体把握是准确解 答的前提。对文本的阅读,首先要从宏观的角度全面把握材料,紧 扣人物品质这一主线,给人物定位,对人物做出初步评价;然后对人 物的官职变化、言行事迹、品质性情、他人评价等内容,做好圈点 勾画,为解题做好准备。 在阅读选项时,一是筛选关键信息,如文章主旨、结论、见解、感 悟等;二是遴选核心信息,如人物生平、性格节操、政绩才干、品 德性情等;三是提取主体信息,如人物形象、表现手法、布局谋篇 等。要有足够的耐心,关注细节,以应付隐秘而细小的错误点。因 为在选项的分析部分,命题人通常是把某一情节通过添加、转移、 曲解等方式作细微的改动来设置错误,所以再细微的情节,都不能 忽略,都要在文本中找到依据。
曰:“此事,申饬边臣岂不可,何以使为?”禧惭不能对。归报,神
宗善之。
比对 结果
选项有两处错误:“他入仕不久”在文中无依据,从前文看,在出使 契丹之前,先后“除集贤校理、同知礼院,编修中书条例”,而不是 “入仕不久”;其二“使对方未占得便宜而返回”错误,“返回”无依据。
-24-
方法1
方法2
即学即练
(2017 全国Ⅱ卷,T12-C)赵憙制止祸患,大力推崇义行。他担
比对结 果
A项比对结果:概括与分析照应,分析在原文中有依据。
-17-
方法1
方法2
即学即练
选 项


弘微简言服
B 项
众,此举受到
重视。
原 文
分析
比对 结果
他参与集会,常与子弟们诗文唱和,住在乌
衣巷,称为乌衣之游;又极有文才口才,受到
叔父谢混赏识,称为微子。

高考英语大二轮复习专题一阅读理解2推理判断题课件

高考英语大二轮复习专题一阅读理解2推理判断题课件

√A.The people.
B.The plays.
C.The characters.
D.The costumes.
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容可知,作者最喜欢戏剧项目中的人。 故选A。
12/13/2021
1234
4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.The Senior Play Project
√B.Acting for the First Time
C.What Makes a Good Actor D.A Lesson Learnt Through Acting
解析 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段“On Wednesday,January 13th,I performed on stage for the first time.”及全文内容可知,文章主要叙述了作者 第一次登台表演的经历。故选B。
My first character is a man named Roger who is a senior advisor to a presidential candidate in a play called“The Spot”.He’s a short-tempered guy who says what he wants and takes what he wants to assist his candidate in today’’s on the set of The Spot,an advertisement for the candidate,to make sure everything runs smoothly and that any problems are dealt with quickly and efficiently.

2019年高考语文二轮专题二 散文阅读含答案

2019年高考语文二轮专题二 散文阅读含答案

专题二散文阅读高考专题复习·语文授课提示:对应学生用书第15页散文之所以难读懂,就在于形散而神聚。

怎样将“散形”用“线索”串起,透过“散形”聚焦“主旨”,这是一个把握文章结构,理清行文思路的问题。

具体来说,应当具有三种意识。

一、散文阅读的三种意识(一)整体阅读意识整体阅读是散文阅读最基本的原则与方法,它可以使做题建立在宏观把握的基础上,增加做题的理性分析成分,从而提高解题的准确度。

文章的结构是作者为了表达中心意思对写作材料进行精心安排的结果,是行文思路的具体体现。

阅读一篇散文,首先必须大致了解散文结构,知道题目是什么,共几个段落,线索是什么,内容方向是什么。

(二)段落摘要意识段落摘要就是要摄取散文段落的精华和要点,以便更好地把握散文的结构层次和行文思路。

要针对散文的内容,进行认真思考,逐段分析散文的段意,再看哪些段落集中表达一个意思,划分小层,理清散文的各个段落之间的联系,找出文中的过渡段、过渡句以及上下照应的地方,把握重点段落的中心句、支撑句等内容。

(三)提取线索意识思路是作者思维的轨迹,如能找出贯穿全文的线索,就能很快地理清散文的思路。

一篇散文,不管是整篇文章,还是局部语段,往往有一条线索贯穿其中,正是由于这条线索,文章或段落之间才会井然有序。

常用的文章线索主要有:(1)以具体事物为线索;(2)以人物为线索;(3)以中心事件为线索;(4)以思想感情变化为线索;(5)以时间推移或空间变换为线索;(6)以“我”的所见所闻为线索。

二、散文阅读的考查特点综合考查形式看,散文的考查呈现如下特点:(1)选材范围。

散文阅读的考查一般会选取中国现当代散文,尤其是那些紧扣时代脉搏,具有丰厚的文化底蕴,渗透着鲜明民族情感和文化特色的散文作品。

(2)考查重点。

散文阅读的考查一般从以下几个角度命题:a、分析和概括作品内容;b、鉴赏作品的表达技巧;c、体会重要语句的丰富含意,品味精彩的语言表达艺术;d、欣赏作品的形象,赏析作品的内涵;e、对作品进行个性化阅读和有创意的解读。

专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题(讲义)(解析版)

专题01  阅读理解之细节理解题(讲义)(解析版)

专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题(讲义)目录考点阅读理解之细节理解题------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页【真题研析·规律探寻】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页考向1 考查直接信息题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页考向2 考查间接信息题--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4页考向3 考查数字计算题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7页【核心提炼·考向探究】----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页1.命题规律--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页2.细节题的设题方式-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页3.常用的解题方法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10页4.阅读理解之细节理解题的解题关键-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页5.细节理解题的实用技巧---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页【题型特训·命题预测】------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12页预测考向1 考查直接信息题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12页预测考向2 考查间接信息题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14页预测考向3 考查数字计算题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17页考点 阅读理解之细节理解题考情分析:分析2021-2023年新高考阅读理解细节理解题考向分布。

2019年全国卷Ⅱ语文试题及参考答案考试院图文对照版-最新Word版

2019年全国卷Ⅱ语文试题及参考答案考试院图文对照版-最新Word版

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文本试卷共22题,共150分,共10页。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.答题时请按要求用笔。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题,9分)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

杜甫之所以能有集大成之成就,是因为他有可以集大成之容量。

而其所以能有集大成之容量,最重要的因素,乃在于他生而禀有一种极为难得的健全才性——那就是他的博大、均衡与正常。

杜甫是一位感性与理性兼长并美的诗人,他一方面具有极大极强的感性,可以深入到他接触的任何事物,把握住他所欲攫取的事物之精华;另一方面又有着极清明周至的理性,足以脱出于一切事物的蒙蔽与局限,做到博观兼美而无所偏失。

这种优越的禀赋表现于他的诗中,第一点最可注意的成就,便是其汲取之博与途径之正。

就诗歌体式风格方面而言,古今长短各种诗歌他都能深入撷取尽得其长,而且不为一体所限,更能融会运用,开创变化,千汇万状而无所不工。

我们看他《戏为六绝句》之论诗,以及与当时诸大诗人,如李白、高适、岑参、王维、孟浩然等,酬赠怀念的诗篇中论诗的话,都可看到杜甫采择与欣赏的方面之广;而自其《饮中八仙歌》《曲江三章》《同谷七歌》等作中,则可见到他对各种诗体运用变化之神奇工妙;又如从《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》《北征》及“三吏”“三别”等五古之作中,可看到杜甫自汉魏五言古诗变化而出的一种新面貌。

就诗歌内容方面而言,杜甫更是无论妍媸巨细,悲欢忧喜,宇宙的一切人物情态,都能随物赋形,淋漓尽致地收罗笔下而无所不包,如写青莲居士之“飘然思不群”,写空谷佳人之“日暮倚修竹”;写丑拙则“袖露两肘”,写工丽则“燕子风斜”;写玉华宫之荒寂,予人以一片沉哀悲响;写洗兵马之欢忭,写出一片欣奋祝愿之情、其涵蕴之博与变化之多,都足以为其禀赋之博大、均衡与正常的证明。

北京市2019中考英语二轮复习阅读理解8含答案解析

北京市2019中考英语二轮复习阅读理解8含答案解析

北京2019中考英语阅读理解(八)专题十八 阅读理解第8讲 北京海淀二模阅读理解CD 篇1. 掌握本篇阅读理解中出现的高频词及长难句。

2. 掌握阅读理解的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇阅读理解中运用到的解题技巧。

3. 通过阅读理解高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及阅读理解解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种阅读理解题。

C 篇知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。

对于阅读理解高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。

亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快来看看你掌握了吗?高频词(课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。

能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。

)教学目标名师点拨adj. 时髦的,流行长难句(课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。

能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。

)1. Not only does it show us the time, but it also acts as a fitness monitor and a messaging device that can be connected with an iPhone.(优良差)_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意:它不仅为我们展示时间,也扮演着一个健康检测仪和一个能够与iPhone连接的信息装置。

本句中包含了初中常见句型“not only…but also…”,意为“不仅…而且…”,前面几讲中已经涉及到,此处再次强调,可以用在写作中。

2. Thanks to the invention of the smart watch, we will no longer have to reach for our phones to check our messages.(优良差)_________________________________________________________________________________________________句意:多亏了这个智能手表的发明,我们将不再必须拿出我们的手机来检查信息了。

2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题观点态度类型解题例举(9页,word版)

2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题观点态度类型解题例举(9页,word版)

2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题观点态度类型解题例举[典例] (2018·浙江高考阅读C节选)...The problems of excessive (过度的) energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.Friedman.He fears the worst, but hopes for the best.Friedman points out that the green economy (经济) is a chance to keep American strength.“The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”30.What is Friedman’s attitude towards America’s future?A.Ambiguous. B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful. D.Tolerant.[解析] 选C 根据选段第一段中的“hopes for the best”和第二段可知,Friedman虽然对未来担心,但抱有最好的希望,他认为绿色经济是使美国保持实力的一个机遇,由此可知Friedman对美国未来是充满希望的,故选C。

[干扰项分析] A项意为“模棱两可的”;B项意为“感到怀疑的”;D项意为“容忍的”。

要排除干扰项,先要弄清各干扰项的意思,是表示支持或肯定、中立还是反对或否定,然后再对照文章的内容一一排除。

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解精选(20)及解析

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解精选(20)及解析

2019高考英语二轮阅读理解精选(20)及解析ANearly everyone is shy in some ways. If shyness is making you uncomfortable, it may be time for a few lessons in self-confidence. You can build your confidence by following some suggestions from doctors and psychologists.Make a decision not to hold back in conversations. What you have to say is just as important as what other people say. And don’t turn down party invitations just because of your shyness.Prepare for yourself for being with others in groups. Make a list of the good qualities you have. Then make a list of ideas, experiences, and skills you would like to share with other people . I think about what you would like to say in advance. Then say it.If you start feeling self-conscious in a group, take a deep breath and focus your attention on other people, Remember, you are not alone. Other people are concerned about the impression they are making, too.No one ever gets over being shy completely, but most people do learn to live with their shyness. Even entertainers admit that they often feel shy. They work at fighting their shy feelings so that they can face the cameras and the public. Just making the effort to control shyness can have many rewards. But perhaps the best reason to fight shyness is to give other people a chance to know about you.41. Where would this article probably appear?A. In a popular magazineB. On the top-line position of a newspaperC. In a science textbookD. In an encyclopedia (百科全书)42. The main purpose of the article is to _____.A. explain how shyness developed B .recommend ways of dealing with shynessC. persuade readers that shyness is naturalD. prove that shyness can be overcome43. Which of these can you conclude from reading the article?A. Shy people never have any funB. Entertainers choose their work to fight shynessC. The attempt to overcome shyness is always frustratingD. The attempt to overcome shyness is always rewarding44. Who probably gives the suggestion for fighting shyness?A. The author of the articleB. Shy men and womenC. Doctors and psychologistsD. Popular entertainersBTo what degree can a computer achieve intelligence?The answer to this question may lie in a newly-developed US computer program called Smarter Child and the Internet. If you ran into Smarter Child online, you would be surprised at this kid’s huge memory. It can recite many facts. For example, Smarter Child knows every baseball player in every team this season.He knows every word in the dictionary and the weather in every major city areas across the US. However, if you ask Smarter Child other questions, you get strange answers.A question about Smarter Child’s age returns, “One year, 11 days, 16 hours, 7 minutes,and 47 seconds!” Asking where he lives gets, “In a clean room in a high-tech building in California.”Smarter Child uses the vast information on the World Wide Web as his memory bank. To answer questions about spelling, for instance, Smarter Child goes to American Heritage Dictionary online. SomescientistsbelievethatbyjoiningthemanysystemsoftheInternet,anartificial(人工的)beingwiththecombinedknowledgeof,say,AlbertEinstein,RichardNixonandBritneySpe arscouldbeborn.However,ifSmarterChildwantstothinkandlearnonhisownliketheboy-com puterDavidinthemovieA.I.ArtificialIntelligence,hemustsolvetwoproblems. Thefirstisthatcomputersfinditdifficulttoreadwebpagesbecausethefiles〔文件〕aresortedindifferentways.That’swhyprogrammersneedtotellSmarterChildwheretolookfortheweather.Itwouldbeamuchmor edifficulttasktolethimfindithimself. AnotherproblemisthatwhileSmarterChildcanprocess〔处理〕informationmoreexactlyandfasterthananyhuman,helackscommonsense—abasicgroundingofknowledgethatisobvioustoanyyoungchild.isawebsite.A.whichisspeciallydesignedtohelpSmarterChildB.wherewepeoplecanfindSmarterChildC.whereweatherforecastsaremadeD.whichisaboutartificialintelligence46.ItisprobablymostdifficultforSmarterChildto.A.tellushowtospelladifficultwordB.tellushowtheAmericangovernmentisrunC.provideuswithafamouspoembyShakespeareD.learntheabilitytotellrightbehaviorsfromwrongones.47.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.SmartChildhashisownmemorybankbigenoughforallkindsofinformation.B.A.I.ArtificialIntelligenceisprobablythenameofafilmaboutaboy-computer.C.SmartChildcanrecognizedifferentfilesandfindinformationneededonhisown.D.WehavesimilarproductnowwhichhastheknowledgeofEinstein,NixonandSpears.48.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ANewWebChildB.SmarterChildC.TheFutureofInternetD.IntelligenceDevelopmentCNothingcandestroyavacationquickerthanlosingyourmoneyorcreditcards.Afewsimpleste psbeforeyouheadoutofthedoorcanhelpprotectyourcash,cardandpersonalinformationwhi leyou’retraveling.PaulStephens,apolicyanalystSanDiego,notesthatpeoplespendalotoftimeplanningtheir trips,frombuyingguidebookstofindingjusttherightbeachoutfits〔装备〕.“Buttheireyesglaze〔呆滞〕overwhenthesubjectofkeepingmoneysafecomesup,”hesaid. “Whynottakeafewminutestodosomethingthatcouldprobablysaveyourvacation?”StephensaskeD、“Inmostcases,theycangoonyourto-dolistwith‘buytravelbags’andeverythingelse,”headded.Thetoprecommendationistocleanyourwallet.Removeunnecessarycreditcardsandanyother unneededdocumentsthatcouldcompromise〔危及...的安全〕youridentity(身份)iflostorstolenwhileyou’reonvocation.Thenmakeaphotocopyofthecardsyou’vedecidedtotakealongandkeepitinasecurelocationwithyou〔notinyourwallet〕orleaveitwithatrustedrelativeorfriendbackhome.Thenyouwillknowwhoyouneedtocontac tandhowtoreachitifyourwalletismissing. “Travelersshouldneverleavetheirwalletsoranyidentifyingdocumentsintheirhotelroo mwhenthey’renotthere,”hesaid.”Chooseahotelwithasafetokeepyourvaluablethingsin.Orkeepyourwalletanddocumentswit hyouatalltimes.”49、Accordingtopassage,_______candestroyone’svacationthemostquickly.A、beinglostonvacationB、losingmoneyorcreditcardsC、livinginabadhotel.D、losingcontactwithfamily50、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordstandfor?A、Thepeoplewhoaregoingtraveling.B、Theoutfitsthatareprepare4dfortraveling.C、Thesuggestionsonwhattobuywhentraveling.D、Thestepstoavoidlosingmoneyorcreditcards.51、Whatshouldpeopledowiththeirwalletbeforetheygoonvacation?A、Takeitwiththemallthetime.B、PutitinasafeplaceatthehotelC、Removeunnecessarycardsanddocuments.D、Leaveitwithfamilyorfriend.52、Whatisthetopicofthepassage?A、Howtopreparefortravel.B、Howtobehappyduringyourvacation.C、Howtokeepcashandcardssafeonvacation.D、Howtoprotectyourluggageonvacation53、Accordingtothepassage,weknow______.A、peopledon’talwaysknowhowtoprotecttheirmoneyorcreditcardsB、peopleshouldtakealotofmoneywiththemwhiletravelingC.peoplecanleavetheiridentifyingdocumentsinrooms,ifthehotelisexpensiveD、peoplecanspendafewminutespreparingtheluggagefortravellingDWhilemanymodernformsofcommunicationlikephonecalls,e-mail,andletters,areextremel yconvenient.Inmyopinion,nothingbeatsspeakingtoanotherpersonfacetoface. Thefirstandmostobviousadvantagethatafacecommunicationhasoveraletterande-mailist hatthereistheabilitytointeractively(相互作用地)converse.Ifthesenderofaletteroranemaildoesnotwriteclearly,thenmuchtimemustbe spenttoclearupthemisunderstanding.Inaface-to-faceconversation,misunderstandings areeasilydealtwithbecauseoftheinteractivenatureofit. Iwouldstillarguethattheface-to-faceconversationisbetterbecauseyoucanseetheother person.Notallcommunicationisverbal(口头的);themeaningofmuchofwhatwesaydependsonourbodylanguageandthetoneofvoice.Joking andironyareparticularlydifficulttoexpressandenjoywithoutseeingtheexpressiononsomeone’sface,orwatchingthemovementsoftheirbody.Finally,ifthegoalofcommunicationistomaintainordeepentherelationship(关系)withsomeone,theface-to-facecommunicationoffersthechoiceofcommunicationbytouc hevenifwecouldcommunicatebythevideo.Trustandrespectbetweenbusinesspartnerscanbe establishedwithafirmhandshake.Noamountofbodylanguagecanconveytheexcitementofahi ghfivebetweenfriends,andnonumberofwordscancommunicatethecomfortingembraceofalov edone.Touchisthefirstbasicmethodofourhumanrelationships,beforespokenlanguage,an ditisonlyavailablewhenpeoplecommunicatefacetoface.54.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Howtocommunicatemoreeffectively(有效率地)B.TheimportanceofusingbodylanguageincommunicationC.Face-to-facecommunication,thebestwayofcommunicatingparison(比较)ofdifferentcommunicationforms55.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Aletterore-mailisalwayswrittenunclearly.B.Businesspartnerscanshowtrustthroughafirmhandshake.C.Duringaconversation,bodylanguageisalsoimportant.D.Theface-to-faceconversationisawayofcommunication.56.Whichofthefollowingcancommunicatethefeelingalovedoneperfectly?A.letterB.e-mailC.phoneD.facetofacecommunication57.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsformsofcommunicationis.A.Modernformsofcommunicationlikephonecallsande-mailareextremelyconvenient.B.Traditionalwaysofcommunicationareoutofdateandshouldfallintodisuse.C.Face-to-facecommunicationcanonlybeusedamongstrangers.D.Face-to-facecommunicationhasadvantagesovertheotherwaysofcommunication.EDown-to-earthmeansbeinghonest,open,andeasytodealwith.Itisapleasuretofindsomeone whoisdown-to-earth.Apersonwhoisdown-to-earthiseasytotalkto.Heorsheacceptsothers asequals.Adown-to-earthpersonmaybeanimportantmemberofsociety,ofcourse,buttheydo notlettheirimportancegototheirheads,andtheydonotconsiderthemselvestobebettertha notherswhoarelessimportant.Someonewhoisfilledwithself-importanceandpride,oftenw ithoutcause,issaidtohavehisnoseintheair.Thereisnowayapersonwithhisnoseintheairc anbedown-to-earth. Americansuseanotherexpressionthatissimilarinsomewaytodown-to-earth.Theexpressio nisbothfeetontheground.Someonewithbothfeetonthegroundisapersonwithagoodundersta ndingofreality.Hehaswhatiscalledcommonsense.Hemayhavedreamsbuthedoesnotallowthe mtoblockhisknowledgeofwhatisreal.Theoppositekindofpersonisonewhohashisheadinthe clouds.Amanwithhisheadinthecloudsisadreamerwhosemindisnotintheworld.Sometimessu chadreamercanbebroughtbacktoreality;sharpwordsfromtheteacher,forexample,canusua llygetadaydreamingstudenttoputbothfeetbackontheground.Thepersonwhoisdown-to-earthusuallyhasbothfeetontheground.Buttheoppositeisnotalw aystrue.Someonewithbothfeetonthegroundmaynotbeasopenandeasytodealwithassomeonew hoisdown-to-earth.Whenwehavebothourfeetfirmlyontheground,wearerealisticandweact honestlyandopenlytowardothers,andourlivesarelikethegroundbelowus,solidandstrong.58.Ifapersonhashisnoseintheair,he____.A.isdowntotheearthB.iseasytodealwithC.alwaysthinksheismoreimportantthanothersD.isconfident59.Ifapersonhasbothfeetontheground,he____.A.isintouchwithreality,anddoesn’thaveanydreamsB.hassomedreamsbutheisrealisticC.ishonest,openandeasytodealwithD.ishonest,openbuthardtodealwith60.Theunderlinedsentence“Buttheoppositeisnotalwaystrue.”mostprobablymeansthat______.A.thepersonwhohashisnoseintheairisnottrueB.amanwithhisheadinthecloudsisoftennotintelligentC.theoppositedirectionisalwayswrongD.apersonwhohasbothfeetonthegroundmaynotbedown-to-earth参考答案41-44ABDC45-48CDBB49-53BDCCA54-57CADD58-60CBD。

(江苏专版)2019版高考语文二轮复习专题四散文阅读(含解析)

(江苏专版)2019版高考语文二轮复习专题四散文阅读(含解析)

散文阅读从考生读文和答题来看,散文的得分率低于小说,因此在二轮复习时要重点强化散文的阅读和解题能力。

特别是对于散文“思路、形象的分析”“技巧、语言的赏析”“情感、标题的把握”等几个常考点,要从审题、答题等多方面入手进行突破,以做到审题更加精准,答题更加规范。

第1讲“读懂”层面2考点——理清思路,解读形象一、理清思路不跑偏——突破行文思路、句段作用2考法分析散文的思路是散文考查的常考点,其考查角度主要有二:一是行文思路的梳理,二是句段作用的分析。

从一轮复习来看,这类题目答题规律性较强、术语较多,很多考生都能得分;但由于欠缺对文本的深入把握,常存在乱贴标签、笼统作答甚至找不到答题角度的情况。

因此在二轮复习中要强化读透文本的意识和能力,进一步认识文本结构、重点段落的特点,提高答题的精准度。

行文思路梳理[典题试做]阅读下面的作品,完成后面的题目。

神垕[注]王剑冰①大龙山,你在中原隆起,绵延无限远,我看不到你的尽头。

也许,龙亭里眯起的眼睛朝南望,就能望到你龙一样的雄姿。

而在你的脚下,那个叫神垕的地方,人们利用你的特有的土质,燃烧起一条条火龙,火龙里诞生的奇妙的钧瓷,源源不断地进入大宋皇室的深处。

②我来的时候正是深秋,山上依然蓬勃葱茏,各种巨石像鳞片闪露在阳光下。

我想不明白这个叫作神垕的地方,躲藏着怎样的神秘;是怎样的一种土,千年不尽,支撑了炉灶里的辉煌。

③神垕,我与你不期而遇,真的,我在车上打了个盹儿,一睁眼竟然就扑到了你的怀里。

我已经感觉出这次抵达的幸运。

那些昨日的烟尘和现实的幻象搅得我有些心神不宁。

我在心神不宁中小心翼翼地走进一个个院落,诚惶诚恐地观察每一个窑址,毕恭毕敬地抚摸那些浴火而生的神物。

④钧瓷上的一束束光直接打开了我的心室,那层层开片让我有一种疼痛。

大宋,你离去了近千年的时光,但是你造就的辉煌却是一直光照着历史,以至于那不屈的泥土在这里从来没有停止续写钧瓷的华章。

⑤走进一条古街,不宽的街巷两边都是明清时期的老房。

v2019高考语文大二轮复习 题点二 小说阅读 题点对点练4 理清线索,明确作用

v2019高考语文大二轮复习 题点二 小说阅读 题点对点练4 理清线索,明确作用

题点对点练4 理清线索,明确作用一、阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。

善心①小区院里有几只流浪猫。

到底几只是不确定的。

因为,五分钟之前,在草坪里见到一只灰黑相间的狸猫,五分钟之后,在楼头便利店的外置货架上又看到一模一样的一只蜷在那儿假寐,你不知道是刚才的那只漂移过来了,还是它的同胞兄弟。

这都是可能的。

但是,涛子一家三口搬走之后,邻居们很快就搞清楚了,一共五只。

它们的关系有点复杂,院里人现在也没有真正看透,不过,数量是明晰的。

②涛子一家搬走时正值初冬,不会是他--第三次中风的半残人,估计是他老婆或者儿子,把一扇窗户打开,在纱窗上剪出一个小方口-—方口的最上边没有剪,就像一个小方门帘.五只流浪猫竟然明白那是专门给它们预留的绿色通道,当天就迁进新居了.③猫们进进出出。

有时候,只有一个小脸儿躲在纱窗后面,端庄威仪,就是一只小脸老虎嘛!有时候,“呼咙呼咙”从窗台上滚下来两只,打得难解难分。

另外一只猫蹲坐在窗下自行车旁淡然地看了一眼身边激战正酣的一对儿,又冷静地转移了视线。

屋里毫不相干的那只却突然冲了出来,直接坠到窗下加入了战斗。

而窗对面墙根儿一辆落着积雪的电动三轮车下面,一只猫爬了出来,拖着长尾巴慢腾腾横过便道,一副吃饱喝足的慵懒样子,却瞬间起动,一溜烟儿完成跑、跳、抓、爬、钻的动作,回屋里去了.邻居就是通过这样的观察,知道这是个五口之家的。

④涛子一家三口搬走之后已经一年多了吧,无论大雪咆天,还是春雨绵绵,这个房子的主人一直都是五只猫。

涛子被送走之后再没回来过,老婆儿子也不见了踪影.这五只猫,从外观上能看出它们一两处绝然不同的地方,和少许显性的因果关系。

其中三只大猫,一只纯白色,至少给它洗个热水澡之后一定是只雪白的美猫。

一只灰黑均匀相间的大狸猫。

一只大块黄白色杂糅的。

两只半大猫.看起来身长和三只大猫没有差别,但显然没有三只大猫强壮,而且似乎面嫩,像是缺点儿见识——没有证据,就是一种感觉罢了。

两只中有一只仿佛是大狸猫翻拍过来的,一只却是白黄黑三色,但主体是白色的,黑和黄两色小块而不规则甚至又重叠地穿插其中.让人揣测,也许有一只猫离开了……⑤但是,邻居们并未在这些无聊的事情上下功夫.有人主动承袭了涛子老婆没搬走时的做法,在窗台上搁一只小吃碟,里面总有食物。

【教育文档】2019中考英语二轮复习 阅读理解 政治、经济、文化类及解析答案.doc

【教育文档】2019中考英语二轮复习 阅读理解 政治、经济、文化类及解析答案.doc

2019中考英语阅读理解:政治、经济、文化类一、阅读理解Every morning my father buys a newspaper on his way to work. Every evening my mother looks through magazines at home. And every night, I look at the posters with photos of David Beckham and Yao Ming on my bedroom wall before I go to sleep. Can we imagine life without paper or print?Paper was first created about 2,000 years ago, and has been made from silk, cotton, bamboo, and, since the 19th century, from wood. People learned to write words on paper to make a book. But in those days, books could only be produced one at a time by hand. As a result, they were expensive and rare. And because there weren’t many hooks, few people learned to read.Then printing was invented in China. When printing was developed greatly at the beginning of the 11th century, books could be produced more quickly and cheaply. As a result, more people learned to read. After that, knowledge and ideas spread quickly.Today information can be received online, downloaded from the Internet rather than found in books, and information can be kept on CD-ROMs or machines such as MP3 players.Computers are already used in classrooms, and newspapers and magazines can already be read online. So will books be replaced by computers one day? No, I don’t think the Yao Ming poster on my bedroom wall will ever be replaced by a computer two meters high!1.What does the writer do before he goes to sleep’?A. He reads books.B. He reads newspapersC. He looks through magazinesD. He looks at the posters on the wall.2.When was paper first created?A. About 2.000 years ago.B. In the 19th century.C. About 1.000 years ago.D. In the 11th century. 3.Why were books expensive and rare before the invention of printing?A. People could not read.B. People could not write words on paper.C. People could not find silk, cotton or bamboo.D People could only produce books one at a time by hand4.What happened after books became cheaper?A. People didn’t want to buy books.B. Printing was invented in China.C. Knowledge and ideas spread quickly.D. The Internet was introduced to people soon5.What is the writer’s opinion about books and computers’?A. People won’t need books any moreB. Books won’t be replaced by computers.C. People prefer to find information in books.D. Computers have already replaced books.阅读理解(二)(每小题2分,共10分)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容回答问题。

江苏专版2019版高考语文二轮复习专题六实用类文本阅读含解析20190710263

江苏专版2019版高考语文二轮复习专题六实用类文本阅读含解析20190710263

实用类文本阅读2019年江苏高考,文学类、实用类、论述类都是必考,这无疑预示着阅读的题型要发生变化,客观选择题极有可能出现,因为纯主观题的话,题量太大。

再者,江苏省2020年可能使用全国卷,所以2019年的江苏语文有可能会“变”,鉴于目前的过渡时期,实用类文本阅读在编写时需要向全国卷靠拢一下(毕竟江苏卷已经10年未考了)。

一、文体感知——新闻、传记是热点文体一新闻(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)阅读下面的材料,完成1~3题。

(12分)材料一:创新是引领发展的第一动力,知识产权是加快动能转换、结构优化的重要支撑。

我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段,正处在转变发展方式、转换增长动力的攻关期。

要顺利跨越这个关口,就必须激发出创新这个第一动力,走创新驱动发展道路;就必须“倡导创新文化,强化知识产权创造、保护、运用”。

我们要进一步发挥好知识产权的技术供给和制度供给的双重作用,通过加强知识产权的创造和运用,不断为实体经济发展注入新动力;通过强化知识产权保护,推动构建更加公平公正、开放透明的市场环境。

(摘编自社论《播撒创新种子,守护创新中国——写在2018年全国知识产权宣传周活动启动之际》,《中国知识产权报》2018年4月20日) 材料二:(摘编自国家知识产权局知识产权发展研究中心《2017年中国专利调查报告》) 材料三:继山东理工大学、同济大学等高校科技成果转化相继取得突破后,近日,中南大学冶金与环境学院科研团队的“电化学脱嵌法从盐湖卤水提锂”技术专利,成功转让给一家科技公司,许可使用费超过1亿元。

双方将共同组建平台公司,由平台公司具体负责专利的产业化。

长期以来,我国高校科研创新工作偏重基础理论研究,拥有深厚研发创新能力的科研人才未能将智力资源转化成市场价值。

根据市场发展趋势探寻科技创新方向、不断更新升级科技创新思路,正是提升专利质量、实现专利市场价值的核心之义。

2015年修订的《中华人民共和国促进科技成果转化法》打破高校科技成果转化藩篱,鼓励高校对持有的科研成果采取转让、许可等方式进行转移转化,对高校以实践为导向的科技创新产生了巨大的推动作用。

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2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题概括细节理解题典题例举细节理解题常分为直接细节理解题、间接细节理解题和概括细节理解题。

间接细节理解题相对于直接细节理解题而言难度要大,命题的迷惑性更大,因为此类题目的正确选项都经过了命题人对原文信息的语义转换,两者存在表达上的差异。

考生不能从原文中直接找到答案,而是要对原文信息稍加归纳才能得出正确答案。

[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C节选)...Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages.He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors.This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素).Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions.Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize....30.What made Wang’s architectural design a success?A.The mixture of different shapes.B.The balance of East and West.C.The use of popular techniques.D.The harmony of old and new.[解析] 选D 根据选段第一段第三句“This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素).”和选段第二段第二句中的“Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture”可知,传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘诀,故选D。

[干扰项分析] A项错在shapes,不是形状的混合,是现代和传统中国元素的混合;B项错在East and West,是modern architecture和a good knowledge of traditions的平衡;C项错在popular,根据选文第一段第二句可知应是traditional。

[增分技巧] 概括细节理解题要求通过思维分析将原文中比较分散或复杂的信息进行归纳概括,即要“综合事实定答案”。

容易做错的原因是没有全面分析所涉及的相关信息,只是单一地、孤立地分析某句内容从而不能做出符合题干条件的选择。

(1)通过关键词定区间。

就是说我们在阅读题干的时候迅速把题干中的关键词标记出来,然后根据关键词回到原文当中定位相关的段落、语句。

(2)通过概括定选项。

概括细节理解题可能涉及文章某一段或几段,甚至贯穿全文的各个位置,需要考生寻找文章中的多个细节。

然后尝试用自己的语言去归纳文中的信息或事实,然后再看选项,挑选出和自己所归纳的信息最接近的选项作为正确答案。

(3)兼用排除法解题。

在遇到模棱两可、难以做出选择的答案时,也可采用排除法,将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。

PlasticEating WormsHumans produce more than 300 million tons of plasticevery year.Almost half of that winds up in landfills (垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans.Sofar there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics.The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shoppingbag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it.To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste (糊状物) and applied it to plastic films.14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass —apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs.Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017....43.What can we learn about the worms in the study?A.They take plastics as their everyday food.B.They are newly evolved creatures.C.They can consume plastics.D.They wind up in landfills.解析:选C 根据第一段中的“a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms”以及第二段中的“Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene ...and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it.”概括可知大蜡螟幼虫能吃塑料,故选C。

B(2018·浙江高考阅读B节选)Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he’s an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Stein’s jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bag.Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts (收银台).The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California,including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as mostpeople assume....24.What has Steven Stein been hired to do?A.Help increase grocery sales.B.Recycle the waste material.C.Stop things falling off trucks.D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.解析:选D 根据第一段中的“is defending an industry”和第二段中的“are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume”概括可知塑料袋生产商雇用Steven Stein是为了说明他们的产品并不像大多数人认为的那样对地球有害。

故选D。

C(2017·北京高考阅读A节选)...Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before.Still, she hesitated.She didn’t think she knew it well enough.But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR. “It was scary.I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down.One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work.Luck stayed with them: Paris’s heartbeat returned....Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly....57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?A.She made a worthy friend.B.She recovered from shock.C.She received immediate CPR.D.She came back on the softball team.解析:选C 根据选文第一段中的“But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR.”以及选文第二段“在队友和学校护士的帮助下Paris的心跳恢复了(Paris’s heartbeat returned.)”以及选文第三段中的“For a sudden heart failure,the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly”概括可知,Paris 说她很幸运是因为她得到了及时的心肺复苏(CPR)救助。

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