福建省龙海市程溪中学2013届高三模拟测试理综试题
高三理科综合物理试卷
2013年高考理科综合模拟试卷物理卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分300分,考试用时150分钟。
注意事项:1.答题前,考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚,并请认真填涂准考证号。
2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
一、选择题:本题共8小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的只有一项符合题目要求,有的有多项符合题目要求,全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。
1、中子n、质子P、氘核D的质量分别为m n、m p、m D。
现用光子能量为E的γ射线照射的静止氘核使之分解,核反应方程γ+D=P+n,若分解后中子、质子的动能可视为相等,则中子的动能是( C )A. B.C. D.2、下列关于多普勒效应的说法正确的是(BD )A.若声源向观察者靠近,则声源发出声波的频率变小B.若声源向观察者靠近,则观察者接收到声波的频率变大C.若观察者远离声源,则声源发出声波的频率变大D.若观察者远离声源,则观察者接收到声波的频率变小3、给旱区送水的消防车停于水平面,在缓缓放水的过程中,若车胎不漏气,胎内气体温度不变,不计分子势能,则胎内气体(A) A.从外界吸热 B.对外界做负功 C.分子平均动能减少 D.内能增加4、两个偏振片紧靠在一起,将它们放在一盏灯的前面以至没有光通过。
如果将其中的一片旋转180°,在旋转过程中,将会产生下述的哪一种现象( )透过偏振片的光强先增强,然后又减少到零透过偏振片的光强先增强,然后减少到非零的最小值透过偏振片的光强在整个过程中都增强透过偏振片的光强先增强,再减弱,然后又增强解析:起偏器和检偏器的偏振方向垂直时,没有光通过;偏振方向平行时,光强度达到最大。
当其中一个偏振片转动180°的过程中,两偏振片的方向由垂直到平行再到垂直,所以通过的光先增强,又减小到零。
2013年福建省高考理科综合试卷(物理试卷)
2013福建省高中理科综合能力测试试题(物理试卷)相对原子质量:N-14 O-16 Mg-24第一卷(选择题 共108分)13.设太阳质量为M ,某行星绕太阳公转周期为T ,轨道可视为r 的圆。
已知万有引力常量为G ,则描述该行星运动的上述物理量满足A .2324r GM T π=B .2224r GM T π=C .2234r GM T π=D .324r GM T π= 14.一束由红、紫两色组成的复色光,从空气斜射向玻璃三棱镜。
下面四幅途中能正确表示该复色光经三棱镜分离成两束单色光的是15.如图,实验室一台手摇交流发电机,内阻r=1.0Ω,外接R=9.0Ω的电阻。
闭合开关S ,当发电机转子以某一转速匀速转动时,产生的电动势()e t V π=,则A.该交变电流的频率为10HzB.该电动势的有效值为C.外接电阻R 所消耗的电功率为10WD.电路中理想交流电流表○A 的示数为1.0A16.如图,t=0时刻,波源在坐标原点从平衡位置沿y 轴正方向开始振动,振动周期为0.4s ,在同一均匀介质中形成沿x 轴正、负两方向传播的简谐横波。
下图中能够正确表示t=0.6时波形的图是17.在国际单位制(简称SI )中,力学和电学的基本单位有:m (米)、kg (千克)、s (秒)、A (安培)。
导出单位V (伏特)用上述基本单位可表示为A.241m kg s A --⋅⋅⋅B. 231m kg s A --⋅⋅⋅C. 221m kg s A --⋅⋅⋅D. 211m kg s A --⋅⋅⋅18. 如图,矩形闭合线框在匀强磁场上方,由不同高度静止释放,用t 1、t 2分别表示线框ab 边和cd 边刚进入磁场的时刻。
线框下落过程形状不变,ab 边始终保持与磁场水平边界OO ’平行,线框平面与磁场方向垂直。
设OO ’下方磁场磁场区域足够大,不计空气影响,则下列哪一个图像不可能反映线框下落过程中速度v 随时间t 变化的规律第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共192分)必考部分第Ⅱ卷必考部分共10题,共157分。
2013福建高考理综 试卷
2013年福建省理科综合能力测试第Ⅰ卷(选择题共108分)本卷共18小题,每小题6分,共108分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.人肝细胞合成的糖原储存在细胞内,合成的脂肪不储存在细胞内,而是以VLDL(脂肪与蛋白复合物)形式分泌出细胞外。
下列叙述正确的是A.VLDL的合成与核糖体无关B.VLDL以自由扩散方式分泌出细胞外C.肝细胞内糖原的合成与分解可影响血糖含量D.胰高血糖素可促进肝细胞内糖原的合成2.为探究茉莉酸(植物生长调节剂)对离体培养的成熟胡杨细胞质壁分离的影响,将细胞分别移至不同的培养液中继续培养3天,结果如表。
下列叙述错误..的是A.胡杨细胞通过渗透作用吸水和失水B.质壁分离的胡杨细胞液泡体积变小C.NaCl为自变量,茉莉酸为因变量D注:“+”表示有添加,添加后NaCl浓度为100mmol·L-1,茉莉酸浓度为10-3mg·L-1;“-”表示无添加3.在两块条件相同的退化林地上进行森林人工恢复和自然恢复的研究,20年后两块林地的生物多样性均有不同程度提高,其中人工种植的马尾松人工恢复林植物种数为137种,无人工种植的自然恢复林植物种数为226种。
下列叙述错误..的是A.可采用样方法调查林地上植物的种群密度B.森林恢复提高了生产者固定的太阳能总量C.人工恢复林比自然恢复林的植物丰富度低D.自然恢复林的形成属于初生演替4.下列为减少实验误差而采取的措施,错误..的是5.某男子表现型正常,但其一条14号和一条21号染色体相互连接形成一条异常染色体,如图甲。
减数分裂时异常染色体的联会如图乙,配对的三条染色体中,任意配对的两条染色体分离时,另一条染色体随机移向细胞任一极。
下列叙述正确的是A.图甲所示的变异属于基因重组B.观察异常染色体应选择处于分裂间期的细胞C.如不考虑其他染色体,理论上该男子产生的精子类型有8种D.该男子与正常女子婚配能生育染色体组成正常的后代6.化学与社会、生产、生活紧切相关。
【精选】福建省2013届高三理综毕业班质量检测试题
2013年福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查理科综合能力测试本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷。
第I卷为必考题,第II卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。
本试卷共12页,满分300分,考试时间150分钟。
注意事项:1. 答题前,考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 考生作答时,请将答案答在答题卡上,在本试卷上答题无效;按照题号在各题的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
3. 选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号;非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。
4. 做选考题时,考生按照题目要求作答,并用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选题目对应的题号涂黑。
5. 保持答题卡卡面清洁,不折叠,不破损;考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
相对原子质量:H 1 N 14 Cl 35. 5第I卷(选择题共108分)本卷共18小题,每小题6分,共108分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.下列有关生命活动调节的描述,正确的是A. 细胞外液渗透压升高能促使抗利尿激素释放增加B. 甲状腺激素分泌受到下丘脑的直接影响C. 神经递质作用于突触后膜导致电信号向化学信号转变D. 植物生长素从产生部位运送到作用部位直接参与细胞代谢2. 右图为某种细胞的结构示意图,正常生理状态下,下列选项中的变化都会在该种细胞中发生的是A. 氨基酸→胰岛素;ATP→ADP+ PiB. 葡萄糖→淀粉;H20→[H] +O2C. 氨基酸→RNA聚合酶;[H]+02→H20D. 葡萄糖→丙酮酸;染色质→染色体3. 外来物种薇甘菊入侵某生态系统后,随时间推移,植物种类数及碳储量变化如右策。
据表分析,随着薇甘菊入侵程度加强,生态系统中A. 生产者固定的总能量逐渐增加B. 植物的丰富度和种群密度均下降C. 土壤中分解者的分解作用逐渐减弱D. 植被凋落程度有增大的趋势4. 科研人员研究外源PLCEl基因在裸小鼠(无胸腺的小鼠)结肠癌肿瘤发生过程中的作用。
2013届高三模拟试卷(01)理综参考答案
2013届高三模拟试卷(01)理科综合试卷参考答案1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.D 11.D 12.B13.B 14.A 15.BD 16.D 17.C 18.C 19.AC 20.BC 21.A22.(5分)(1) = (1分)(2) 滑块质量,两光电传感器间距离 (每空2分)23.(10分)(1)R B (2分)(2)②滑动变阻器R 1 ③电阻箱R 0,电流表的读数仍为I ④R 0 (每空1分,共4分)(3)①较小(2分) ②500 (2分)24.(14分)(1)由运动学公式2a 0s 0=20v 得20002v s a =………………………………………………………(3分) 代入数据可得s 0=1102.5m……………………………………(3分)(2)飞机受力分析如图所示。
由牛顿定律有2F T cos(2θ)+f -F =ma ………………………………(3分) 其中F T 为阻拦索的张力,f 为空气和甲板对飞机的阻力飞机仅受空气阻力和甲板阻力时f =ma 0…………………………(2分)联立上式可香F T =5×105N ………………………………………(3分)25.(18分)(1)设能够进入磁场区域的粒子的速度大小为n v ,由题意,粒子由D 1到D 2经历的时间为:1nL t nT v ∆==(n =1、2……) ………………………… (2分) 粒子由D 2到D 3经历的时间为 222n L nT t v ∆== (1分) t =5T 时刻,挡板D 3关闭,粒子无法进入磁场,故有 125t t t T ∆=∆+∆≤,联立以上三式解得 n =1、2、3 (2分) 所以,能够进入磁场区域的粒子的速度为 n L v nT= (n =1、2、3) (1分) (2)进入磁场中速度最小的粒子经过坐标为(0 cm ,2 cm)的P 点,所以R 1=1 cm (2分) 粒子在磁场中匀速圆周运动的半径 mv R Bq= 由前可知,进入磁场中粒子的最大速度是最小速度的3倍,故 R′= 3R=3 cm (2分)过Q 点作圆轨迹的切线,设切点F 的坐标为(x 0,y 0)。
2013届高三理科综合测试题(一)
2013届高三理科综合测试题一(物理部分)麻布岗中学2012年8月班级:姓名:得分:一、单项选择题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分。
13、关于质点,下列说法中正确的是( )A.质点一定是体积和质量极小的物体B.因为质点没有大小,所以与几何中的点没有区别C.研究运动员在3 000米长跑比赛中运动的快慢时,该运动员可看成质点D.欣赏芭蕾舞表演者的精彩表演时,可以把芭蕾舞表演者看成质点14.(07广东理科基础3)如图是某物体做直线运动的速度图象,下列有关物体运动情况判断正确的是()A.前两秒加速度为5 m/s2B.4 s末物体回到出发点C.6 s末物体距出发点最远D.8 s末物体距出发点最远15、如图所示,A、B两物体紧靠着放在粗糙水平面上,A、B间接触面光滑.在水平推力F作用下两物体一起加速运动,物体A恰好不离开地面,则物体A的受力个数为( )A.3 B.4C.5 D.616、小李讲了一个龟兔赛跑的故事,按照小李的故事情节,兔子和乌龟的位移图象如图所示,A 为兔子跑的图象,B为乌龟跑的图象,则下列说法中正确的是()A.兔子和乌龟在比赛过程中,只相遇过一次 B.乌龟做的是匀加速直线运动C.兔子先到达终点D.兔子和乌龟的运动都是直线运动S/mt2BAS2S1S3t3 t4 t6t5t1t/s二、双项选择题(共5小题,每小题6分,共30分。
每小题有两个正确答案,选对得6分,选对一个得3分,选错得0分。
)17.某赛车手在一次野外训练中,先利用地图计算出出发地和目的地的直线距离为9 km ,从出发地到目的地用了5分钟,赛车上的里程表指示的里程数值增加了15 km ,当他经过某路标时,车内速度计指示的示数为150 km/h ,那么可以确定的是( )A .在整个过程中赛车手的平均速度是108 km/hB .在整个过程中赛车手的平均速度是180 km/hC .在整个过程中赛车手的平均速率是108 km/hD .经过路标时的瞬时速度是150 km/h18、甲、乙两物体从同一地点沿同一方向做直线运动的速度图像如图所示,则( ) A .两个物体两次相遇的时间是2s 和6s B .4s 末甲在乙的后面 C .2s 末两物体相距最远D .甲物体一直向前运动而乙物体向前运动2s ,随后向后运动19、如图所示,物体A 、B 、C 叠放在水平桌面上,水平力F 作用于C 物体,使A 、B 、C 以共同速度向右匀速运动,且三者相对静止,那么关于摩擦力的说法,正确的是 ( )A .A 受摩擦力的合力为零B .B 不受摩擦力作用C .C 不受摩擦力作用D .以A 、B 、C 为整体,整体受到的摩擦力为零20、力F 1单独作用于一物体时,使物体产生的加速度大小为2m/s 2,力F 2单独作用于同一物体时产生的加速度大小为4m/s 2当F 1和F 2共同作用于该物体时,物体具有的加速度大小可能是( )A .1m/s 2B .3m/s 2C .5m/s 2D .7m/s 221、如图所示,一倾角为45°的斜面固定于竖直墙上,为使一光滑的铁球静止,需加一水平力F ,且F 过球心,下列说法正确的是( )A .球一定受墙的弹力且水平向左B .球可能受墙的弹力且水平向左2465 10t (s )v (m /s ) 乙 甲C .球一定受斜面的弹力且垂直斜面向上D .球可能受斜面的弹力且垂直斜面向上三.非选择题(按题目要求作答。
2013年福建省高考理科综合模拟试卷(二)及答案
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福建省龙海市程溪中学2013届高三数学模拟测试试题 理 新人教A版
程溪中学2013届高三模拟测试数学(理)试题一.选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分. 在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是正确的, 将正确答案填写在答题卷相应位置.) 1. 已知集合M = {1,2},N = {2a −1|a ∈M },则M ∪N 等于( )A .{1,2,3}B .{1,2}C .{1}D .∅ 2.复数121i,2i z b z =+=-+,若12z z 的对应点位于直线x +y =0上,则实数b 的值()A .-3B .3C .-13D . 133. a 的值由右边程序框图算出,则二项式9)(xax -展开式的常数项为( )A. 59567C T ⨯-=B. 39347C T ⨯= C. 39347C T ⨯-= D. 49457C T ⨯=4. 函数)32sin()(π-=x x f 的图象为C ,给出以下结论: ( )①图象C 关于直线π1211=x 对称; ②图象C 关于点)0,32(π对称;③函数)(x f 在区间)125,12(ππ-内是增函数;④由x y 2sin =的图象向右平移3π个单位长度可以得到图象C .其中正确的是A. ①②④B. ①③④C. ①②③D. ②③④5.用若干个棱长为1cm 的小正方体叠成一个几何体,图1为其正视图,图2为其俯视图,若这个几何体的体积为7cm 3,则其侧视图为 ( )6.已知不等式组1010330x y x y x y -+≥⎧⎪+-≥⎨⎪--≤⎩表示的平面区域为D ,若直线1y kx =+将区域D 分成面积相等的两部分,则实数k 的值是 ( )A .15B .14 C .13D .127.如图,设点A 是单位圆上的一定点,动点P 从A 出发在圆上按逆时针方向旋转一周,点P 所转过的弧AP 的长为,弦AP 的长度为d ,则函数()l f d =的图像大致是( )8.已知正项等比数列{}n a 满足:7652a a a =+,若存在两项,m n a a 使得14m n a a a =,则14m n +的最小值为( ) A .32 B .53C .256D .不存在 9.若双曲线)0(12222>>=-b a by a x 的左右焦点分别为1F 、2F ,线段21F F 被抛物线22y bx = 的焦点分成5:7的两段,则此双曲线的离心率为( )A .98B .63737 C. 324 D. 3101010.如图,从点0(,4)M x 发出的光线,沿平行于抛物线28y x =的对称轴方向射向此抛物线上的点P ,反射后,穿过焦点射向抛物线上的点Q ,再经抛物线反射后射向直线:100l x y --=上的点N ,经直线反射后又回到点M ,则0x 等于 ( )A .5B .6C .7D .8第II 卷(非选择题 共100分)二、填空题:本大题共5小题,每小题4分,共20分。
2013年高考模拟理综试题
姓名___________________ 准考证号____________________秘密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题理科综合试卷考生注意:1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
共300分,考试时间150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试题和答题卷一并交回。
2、答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卷上。
3、回答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
4、回答第Ⅱ卷时,须用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卷上相对应的答题区域内,写在本试题上无效。
5、可能用到的相对原子质量:H—1 C—12 N—14 O—16 Mg—24 S—32 Cl—35.5 Cu—64第Ⅰ卷(选择题共126分)一、选择题:本大题共13小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、水绵属于绿藻,藻体是由一列圆柱状细胞连成的不分支的丝状体,通常以细胞分裂繁殖后代,则下列关于水绵的说法不正确...的是A、水绵通过有丝分裂繁殖后代B、水绵通过游离于细胞质基质的片状叶绿素分子光合作用C、水绵的细胞壁无生物活性D、水绵在生态系统中属于生产者2、右图是线粒体和叶绿体的亚显微结构示意图,则下列有关两者共同点的说法不正确...的是A、两者都能产生[H]B、两者都存在于叶的表皮细胞中C、两者都是双层膜的细胞器D、两者都消耗H2O3、在观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布实验中,得出的下列哪个结论是正确..的A、DNA遇吡罗红呈现红色,RNA遇甲基绿呈现绿色B、使用盐酸的目的是维持细胞形态C、实验材料可用哺乳动物成熟的红细胞替代D、细胞中红色面积大于绿色面积4、朊病毒(Prion)是一类不含核酸而仅由蛋白质构成的可自我复制并具感染性的因子。
朊病毒的蛋白质能为自己编码遗传信息。
2013高考理综模拟考试试题试卷1
2013高考模拟试题(一)理科综合本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷均为必考题,第Ⅱ卷包括必考和选考两个部分。
共300分,考试时间150分钟。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 O 16 Na 23 Si 28 S 32 Cl 35.5 Cu 64 Ag 108第Ⅰ卷(必考题,选择题,共126分)一、选择题:本题共13小题,每小题6分。
每小题的四个选项中只有一个符合要求。
1、下列有关生物实验内容的叙述中,不正确的是A、观察植物细胞有丝分裂和观察DNA在细胞中分布的实验中,使用盐酸的目的不同B、探究温度对唾液淀粉酶活性的影响,检验淀粉是否分解的适宜试剂是斐林试剂C、在用高倍显微镜观察叶绿体和线粒体的实验中,看到的是它们生活状态下的形态D、探究酵母菌细胞呼吸方式的实验中,检测因变量的试剂之一是澄清的石灰水2、人头发基部的黑色素细胞衰老和白化病都会出现白发,白发的原因:A.都是由于酪氨酸酶的活性降低B.前者由于细胞中酪氨酸酶的活性降低,后者由于体内缺乏酪氨酸酶C.前者由于细胞萎缩,后者由于细胞代谢缓慢D.前者由于外部环境导致,后者由于内部因素导致3、水稻是我国的重要农作物,下列有关叙述,正确的是A、用标志重捕法可以调查水稻田中某种害虫卵的密度B、在群落水平上研究,应考虑水稻田的范围和边界C、弃耕后的稻田中进行的演替速度慢,时间长D、人们进行除草、治虫的目的是为了提高能量传递效率4.某生物研究小组对栽培在密闭玻璃温室中的植物进行研究,CO浓度与时间关系的曲线(如用红外线测量仪对室内的2图)。
根据曲线所得到的结论是A.光合速率等于呼吸速率的是b点和c点B.光合速率最大的是b点,最小的是c点C.d点植物体内有机物含量比a点多D.呼吸速率最高是b点,最低的是c点5.下面关于遗传、变异和进化的叙述错误的是A.R型肺炎双球菌转化为S型是发生了基因重组B.一般地说,显性遗传病患者的双亲至少有一方为患者C.自然选择使种群的基因频率发生定想改变D.突变和基因重组不仅提供了生物进化的原材料,而且决定了生物进化的方向6.下图表示人体通过体液免疫消灭细菌外毒素的过程,下列相关叙述正确的是A.细胞2、细胞3均在骨髓中成熟B.图示细胞都能识别细菌外毒素C.细胞5可以在很长时间内保持对这种细菌外毒素的记忆D.与物质a合成和分泌有关的细胞器是核糖体、内质网、高尔基体、细胞膜和线粒体7.下列离子方程式正确的是A.碳酸氢钠溶液与足量澄清石灰水反应:HCO3-+Ca2++OH-=CaCO3↓+H2OB.双氧水滴入FeSO4溶液中:2H2O2+2Fe2+ = 2Fe3+ +2H2O+O2↑C.向FeBr2溶液中通入足量Cl2:4Fe2++2Br-+3Cl2=4Fe3++6Cl-+Br2D.大理石溶于醋酸中:CaCO3 + 2H+= Ca2+ + CO2↑+ H2O8.下列说法正确的是A.CH4和Cl2以物质的量之比为1:1混合,光照下只生成CH3Cl和HClB.葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖都能发生水解反应C.CH2CH CH2分子中所有碳原子可以处在同一平面上D.单体CH2CHCH3和CH2CH2可以通过加聚反应合成C CHCH23CH2n9.用N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值,下列叙述正确的是A.1 mol Cl2与足量的铁反应,转移的电子数为3N AB.标准状况下,22.4 L二氯甲烷中所含分子数约为4 N AC.常温下,1 L 0.1 mol·L-1的NH4NO3溶液中氮原子数为0.2N AD.乙烯和环丙烷(C3H6)组成的28 g混合气体中含有3N A个氢原子10.分子式为C3H5Cl3的同分异构体共有(不考虑立体异构)A.4种B.5种C.6种D.7种11.某酸性溶液中只有Na+、CH3COO-、H+、OH-四种离子。
福建省2013届普通高中毕业班质量检查理科综合试卷
2013 年福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查理科综合能力测试本试卷分第 I 卷(选择题)和第 II 卷。
第 I 卷为必考题,第 II 卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。
本试卷共 12 页,满分 300 分,考试时间 150 分钟。
注意事项: 1. 答题前,考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 考生作答时,请将答案答在答题卡上,在本试卷上答题无效;按照题号在各题的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
3. 选择题答案使用 2B 铅笔填涂,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号;非选择题答案使用 0.5 毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。
4. 做选考题时,考生按照题目要求作答,并用 2B 铅笔在答题卡上把所选题目对应的题号涂黑。
5. 保持答题卡卡面清洁,不折叠,不破损;考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
相对原子质量:H 1 N 14 Cl 35. 5 第I 卷(选择题共 108 分)本卷共 18 小题,每小题 6 分,共 108 分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.下列有关生命活动调节的描述,正确的是 A. 细胞外液渗透压升高能促使抗利尿激素释放增加 B. 甲状腺激素分泌受到下丘脑的直接影响 C. 神经递质作用于突触后膜导致电信号向化学信号转变 D. 植物生长素从产生部位运送到作用部位直接参与细胞代谢 2. 右图为某种细胞的结构示意图,正常生理状态下,下列选项中的变化都会在该种细胞中发生的是 A. 氨基酸→胰岛素;ATP→ADP Pi B. 葡萄糖→淀粉;H20→H O2 C. 氨基酸→RNA 聚合酶;H02→H20 D. 葡萄糖→丙酮酸;染色质→染色体 3. 外来物种薇甘菊入侵某生态系统后,随时间推移,植物种类数及碳储量变化如右策。
据表分析,随着薇甘菊入侵程度加强,生态系统中 A. 生产者固定的总能量逐渐增加 B. 植物的丰富度和种群密度均下降 C. 土壤中分解者的分解作用逐渐减弱 D. 植被凋落程度有增大的趋势 4. 科研人员研究外源 PLCEl 基因在裸小鼠(无胸腺的小鼠)结肠癌肿瘤发生过程中的作用。
2013年高考模拟考试理科综合测试
2013年高考模拟考试理科综合测试本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分,共12页。
满分240分。
考试用时150分钟。
答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷(必做,共87分)注意事项:1.第I卷共20小题。
1—13小题每小题4分,14—20小题,每小题5分,共87分。
2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
不涂在答题卡上,只答在试卷上不得分。
以下数据可供答题时参考:可能用到的相对原子质量:H;1 C:12 N:14 O:16 Na:23 S:32 Fe:56Cu:64 Ba:137一、选择题(本题包括13小题,每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.2013年3月29日,在国家流感中心病毒实验室里,首次从患者的样本中分离出“人感染H7N9禽流感病毒”。
由于该病毒的某个基因发生突变,导致一个氨基酸发生了改变。
结果该病毒与人的呼吸道上皮细胞结合的能力有所增强。
根据上述情况,你认为下列说法正确的()A.“人感染H7N9禽流感病毒”产生的变异是碱基的缺失,属于基因突变B.“人感染H7N9禽流感病毒”更容易被呼吸道上皮细胞的糖蛋白识别C.“人感染H7N9禽流感病毒”遗传物质彻底水解后将产生5种碱基D.“人感染H7N9禽流感病毒”进入人体后易被浆细胞识别产生体液免疫2.某科研小组通过研究化合物X对淀粉酶活性的影响(其它条件适宜),实验结果如右图所示。
曲线I为只在底物中加入淀粉酶;曲线II为在底物中加入淀粉酶和化合物X。
下列分析不正确的是()A.化合物X未影响淀粉酶活性的最适温度B.曲线I作为实验对照C.化合物X对淀粉酶的活性有抑制作用,但未使酶完全失活D.若底物溶液的pH升高,则曲线II的顶点上移3.右图ABC代表不同的种群,已知A和B原来属于同一物种,都以物种C作为食物来源。
20132014学年第二学期龙海市高考模拟卷
2013-2014学年第二学期龙海市高考模拟卷(考试时间:120分钟总分:150分)命题人:龙海二中陈群贤第Ⅰ卷(选择题共115分)第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)略第二部分英语知识运用第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)21. — Tom, you failed the vocabulary test again.— _____? I had been working hard on it.A.How come B.So what C.Why not D.What for22. Young couples in China rushed to register their marriage on Jan 3rd, 2014, because the pronunciation of the number “201413” in Chinese _____ “love you all my life”.A. stands outB. stands forC. looks outD. looks for23. More than 400 people waited in line to buy lunch at a branch of Qing Feng Steamed Bun Shop in Beijing, _____ President Xi Jinping queued up, ordered and paid for a simple lunch a day earlier.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that24. “Where Are We Going, Dad?”, a popular TV show _____ by Hunan Satellite TV, are popular with both parents and children.A. producedB. having been producedC. having producedD. producing25. It is beyond my understanding that many adults ______ be so crazy about Harry Potter series.A.shall B.can C.must D.should26. The change to the family planning policy, allowing some couples to have a second child, will be performed in some _____ in the first quarter of 2014.A. religionsB. regionsC. reservesD. preserves27. It makes little difference to me _____ we go or stay.A.whether B.where C.that D.how28. People can accept the fact that house prices tend to rise year by year but at a(an) _______ rate.A. modestB. sharpC. regularD. amazing29. _____ that Mike was sure to be admitted into the art school.A. So successful was his performanceB. So successful his performance wasC. So his performance was successfulD. So was his successful performance30. LeBron James was announced as The Associated Press’ 2013 male athlete of the year, _____ the 3rd basketball player after Michael Jordan and Larry Bird to win the award.A. to becomeB. becomeC. becomingD. having become31. I am blue. I met a classmate in my new school, but when I stopped and smiled, she _____ me and walked on.A. missedB. refusedC. deniedD. ignored32. Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe visited the Yasukuni shrine (靖国神社) _____ strong opposition from neighboring countries.A. in terms ofB. due toC. apart fromD. in spite of33. Mum is coming. What present _____ for your birthday?A. you expect she has gotB. you expect has she gotC. do you expect she has gotD. do you expect has she got34. — Sorry, I overslept. I forgot to set the alarm.— Your clock _____. Perhaps you should buy a new one.A. never workedB. never worksC. had never workedD. is never working35. Without the help of her coach, Li Na, a 31-year-old tennis player, _____ the 2014 Australian Open.A. would winB. would have wonC. wouldn’t winD. wouldn’t have won第二节完形填空(共20 小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)During my studying and living abroad in Britain, I was 36 of my mother's Chinese English, for which she was often treated 37 . People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not give her good 38 , or take her seriously. 39 they pretended not to understand her, or even acted 40 they did not hear her.My mother has long 41 the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she 42 have me call people on the phone to 43 I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rude to her. One time I had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人). I said in an adolescent voice that was not very 44 , "This is Mrs. Tan." And my mother was standing beside me, 45 loudly, "Why he don't send me check, already two week late." And then, in perfect English I said, "I'm getting rather 46 . You agreed to send the check two weeks ago, but it 47 . "Then s he talked more loudly. "What h e want? I come to New York tell him front of his boss. "And so I 48 the stockbroker again, "I can't 49 any more excuse. If I don't receive the check immediately, I am going to have to speak to your manager when I am in London next week. "The next week we 50 in London. While I was sitting there 51 , my mother, the real Mrs. Tan, was shouting to his boss in her broken English.When I was a teenager, my mother's 52 English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother's English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and 53 . It was the language that helped 54 the way I saw things, expressed ideas, and made 55 of the world.36. A. proud B. ashamed C. afraid D. convinced37. A. anxiously B. instantly C. carefully D. unfairly38. A. checks B. attitudes C. expressions D. service39. A. otherwise B. therefore C. instead D. however40. A. even though B. as if C. now that D. if only41. A. recognized B. realized C. specialized D. organized42. A. could B. would C. might D. should43. A. pretend B. protect C. prevent D. prefer44. A. awkward B. convincing C. perfect D. useful45. A. whispering B. shouting C. talking D. crying46. A. pleased B. astonished C. interested D. concerned47. A. isn’t to arrive B. doesn’t arrive C. d idn’t arrive D. hasn’t arrived48. A. came to B. shouted to C. turned to D. referred to49. A. receive B. hold C. tolerate D. notice50. A. set off B. ended up C. settled down D. called on51. A. scared B. excited C. bored D. embarrassed52. A. broken B. perfect C. excellent D. great53. A. wisdom B. importance C. use D. value54. A. set B. choose C. shape D. build55. A. use B. fun C. sense D. comment第三部分阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)AI am a mother of three girls. Getting married and having children was my childhood goal in life. By the time I had my third daughter, my middle daughter was not quite two and my oldest was three and a half. I loved them so much, yet there were some days I referred to as “too much of a good thing”.As any mother of young children knows, when the children are quiet, they’re either sleeping or in trouble. This morning, I knew that the only sleeping child at this time of day could be the baby. I was wondering whether I should enjoy the silence or ruin my peace --- and the girls’ fun.Finally, I thought I’d better go and find out what those two were doing. I could hear a noise. It was coming from the bathroom. As I got closer, I could see that the door was closed. I said to myself, “Oh no, please not the toilet again!”Sure enough, when I opened the door I saw Candace and Charity standing around the toilet, dipping their toothbrushes in --- and brushing their teeth! Not only that, but the toilet was unflushed (没冲洗的)!I hardly had any words to speak. As I snatched the toothbrushes out of their hands and flushed the toilet I shouted,“What are you doing?”Candace, my oldest daughter, answered, “We’re brushing our teeth!” They both smiled at me.Hoping this was the only time they had ever done this shocking thing, I asked, “You never did this before, did you?”Candace answered, “Oh, we do it all the time, mommy. We do it with yours and Daddy’s toothbrush, too!”The moral of the story: What you don’t know won’t hurt you; but when you do find out, it just might kill you!56. What’s the writer’s general impression of young children?A. They are polite and helpful.B. They are lovely but troublesome.C. They are clever and full of imagination.D. They are careless and make silly mistakes.57. The underlined word “moral” is closed in meaning to “_____”.A. lessonB. endingC. secretD. place58. The writer must feel worst when _____.A. she heard a noise coming from the bathroom.B. she couldn’t find her two daughters in the morning.C. she found the toilet in the bathroom had not been flushed.D. she learned her daughters had been using her toothbrush.BWhile all cultures share the same basic emotions, the body language used throughout different cultures of the world vary enormously. What can mean one thing in one country can often mean something completely different in another.For example, in North America and Europe people tend to prefer direct eye contact. But in some Asian countries longer eye contact is considered rude. So when communicating with people, always be aware of different cultural customs that may exist.A V sign in the US could mean victory, but in England, it stands for a rude challenge, which has the same meaning as showing the middle finger in the US.The OK gesture in America and England is given to mean everything is good or well. But in Latin America is looked on as a rude sign.The thumbs up sign in America and most of Europe means that something is good or well done, but it is considered rude in many Asian countries.Putting your feet on the table is generally not thought to be rude in America and England. However, in Thailand it is really rude.Telling someone to come to you by curling your index finger is acceptable in America and England, but this gesture signifies death in Singapore.Raising your hand up means stop in America and England. In some Asian countries this gesture is used when asking for permission to speak.In most westernized countries it is considered normal for two men to shake hands. In some Asian countries it is quite normal for men to kiss each other, while in most westernized countries men kissing in public would be viewed as homosexual behavior.If you would like more information on different cultural gestures all over the world, visit our website often. And we do have lots of information that interests you.59. What’s the best title for this passage?A. How gestures can vary in different cultures?B. What gestures can be acceptable in western countries?C. What can we do when traveling?D. How to be friendly to others?60. In Singapore when someone died, people there usually ________.A. put thumbs upB. curl their index fingersC. curl their middle fingersD. raise their hands up61. To what main clue is the passage written when the writer tries telling readers different cultural gestures?A. Asian countriesB. Latin AmericaC. America and EnglandD. Southern Asia62. The passage may come from ___________.A. a radio programB. a TV channelC. a magazine columnD. the InternetCShould parents ever hit their children?Research suggests many of us are likely to respond “no”, and public support for spanking(打屁股)has been fallingover the years.But surveys also show that 75 percent to nearly 90 percent of parents admit to spanking their child at least once.I was raised in a zero-tolerance home for disrespect, and my parents often turned to physical punishment.And, no, I don' t feel I was damaged by it.Nothing is more annoying than watching ill-mannered behavior from children.But there is data to suggest that a return to old-school spanking isn't the answer.Two years ago, Newsweek reported that it had found data suggesting that teens whose parents used physical punishment were more likely to become aggressive.Murray Straus, professor at the University of New Hampshire in America, has studied the topic of children and spanking for decades.He said that children who were physically punished have lower IQs than their peers.It may be that children with lower IQs were more likely to get spanked, but the punishment may have been counterproductive(反作用的)to their mental development, as well.Some researchers make the argument that occasional open-handed smacks(用巴掌打)on the bottom are not only harmless but can have some benefit.Last year, Marjorie Gunnoe, a psychologist at Calvin College, studied teens who have never spanked.There are a greater number of children growing up without ever having been physically punished.Gunnoe’s research suggests they don' t turn out any better than those who were sometimes spank.There are some parents who simply cannot control their tempers(脾气).But I still believe that the best parents are the ones who are able to offer fair and firm discipline without ever turning to physical punishment.63.According to the first three paragraphs, the author was probably hit by her parents when .A.they were dissatisfied with her grade B.she showed no respect for the elderC.they cannot control their temper D.their discipline turns out to be not strict enough 64.According to Murray Straus, children who are physically punished____ _.A.are less aggressive toward others when they get older B.have slower physical developmentC.benefit from occasional spanking D.may develop lower IQs than their peer 65.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?A.40 percent of children grow up without ever being spankedB.Children who suffer less physical punishment are better studentsC.Occasional open-handed spanking on the bottom are mentally harmfulD.Researchers disagree over whether smacking is mentally harmful to children66.The author seems to agree that _ _____.A.parents should determine whether a child needs to be smacked or notB.children who have been spanked tend to behave better than those who haven'tC.good parents discipline their children in a fair and reasonable wayD.physical punishment should be the last resort(手段) of any parentDA German taxi-driver, Franz Bussman, recently found his brother who was thought to have been killed twenty years ago.While on a walking tour with his wife, he stopped to talk to a workman. After they had gone on, Mrs. Bussman said that the workman was closely like her husband and even suggested that he might be his brother. Franz laughed at the idea, pointing out that his brother had been killed in action during the war. Though Mrs. Busman knew this story quite well, she thought there was a chance in a million that she might be right.A few days later, she sent a boy to the workman to ask him if his name was Hans Bussman. Needless to say, the man’s name was Hans Bussman. And he really was Franz’s long-lost brother.When the brothers were reunited, Hans explained how it was that he was still alive.After having been wondered towards the end of the war, he had been sent to hospital and was separated from his unit(部队). The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back into Western Germany on foot. Meanwhile, his unit was lost and all records of him had been destroyed. Hans returned to his home, but the house had been bombed up. Guessing that his family had all been killed during an air-raid(空袭), Hans settled down in a village fifty miles away where he had remained ever since.67. Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage?A. Living Not FarB. Coming Back to LifeC. A Chance in a MillionD. Back after the War68. Walking along the street, _______________.k*s*5uA. Mr. Bussman recognized his brother at the first sight.B. Mr. Bussman happened to meet a workman and talked to him.C. Mrs. Bussman thought of the workman as her long-lost brother.D. Mr. and Mrs. Bussman talked to the workman for he was like his brother.69. How to understand the sentence “There was a chance in a million that she might be right.”?A. It was impossible for her to be right.B. She had no chance to meet his brother any more.C. There were many chances for her to meet his brother again.D. There was a little possibility of what she suggested, though little.70. Which of the following orders is RIGHT according to the passage?a. He walked back to Western Germany.b. He was wounded when the war was coming to the end.c. The hospital was destroyed by bombs.d. He came back to his family house.e. He was then sent to hospital.f. His unit of Germany didn’t exist any longer.A. b-a-e-d-f-cB. b-e-c-a-f-dC. b-e-a-c-d-fD. c-b-f-d-a-eEThe Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest ofthe United States. At the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition(远征队),which was one of the first journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coast tothe Pacific coast and back again, the Nez Perce territory(领土) covered about17 million acres, covering parts of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. But thatwas a brief sweet history.In September 1805, when Lewis and Clark came off the Rockies on their westward journey, the entire exploring party was hungry and ill—too weak to defend themselves. Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them, they could have put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks of Clearwater River. Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked after them until theymade a full recovery.Thus began a long friendship between the Nez Perce and white Americans. But white men’s greed for land and go ld finally broke the friendship.In 1855 Governor Isaac Stevens of Washington Territory invited the Nez Perce to a peace conference. He said there were a great many white people in the country, and many more would come. But the chief of the tribe at that time, Old Joseph, replied, “Take away your paper. I will not touch it with my hand.”Things were quiet for a while after that, but not for long. When Old Joseph died, the chiefship was passed onto Young Joseph. In the late 1870s, government officials came to order the Nez Perce to leave the Wallowa Valley and then began hard battles between the Nez Perce and the white soldiers. After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles towards Canada in an attempt to retreat (撤退) north, Young Joseph, gave in to the United States Army. Here was his famous statement, “Hear me my chiefs. I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”In 1885, Chief Joseph was sent along with many of his band to the Colville Reservation in Washington where Joseph continued to lead his band for another 25 years, at times coming into conflict with the leaders of 11 other tribes living on the reservation.71. What is TRUE of the Lewis and Clark expedition?A. They were well cared for by the Nez Perce.B. They ended their expedition on the banks of Clearwater River.C. They started the first battle with the Nez Perce.D. They were the first Americans to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific.72. What ended the friendship between the Nez Perce and the Whites?A. Old Joseph’s proud manner.B. The breakdown of the peace talk.C. A growing number of white men in the land.D. W hite men’s increasing demand for land and gold.73. Young Joseph gave in at last because ________.A. he grew olderB. he was terribly illC. he hated the warD. he lost other chiefs’ support74. Which map most probably shows the path the Nez Perce took in the late 1870s?A BCD75. The passage might be followed by a paragraph about ________.A. the customs and traditions of the Nez Perce IndiansB. the last years of Chief Joseph in the Colville ReservationC. lasting fights between the Nez Perce and the whitesD. constant conflicts between the Nez Perce and other tribes第二卷(非选择题共35分)第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文填词(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,根据以下提示:1)汉语提示,2)首字母提示,3)语境提示,在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词,所填单词要求意义准确,拼写正确,并将该词完整地写在答题卡中相应的横线上。
2013届高三理综模拟一 含答案
理科综合测试一本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共16页,满分240分,考试用时150分钟。
考试结束后,将本试卷、答题卡和答题纸一并交回。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目填涂在试卷、答题卡和答题纸规定的地方。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共87分)注意事项:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净以后,再涂写其他答案标号。
不涂答题卡,只答在试卷上不得分。
以下数据可供答题时参考:相对原子质量:H:1 C:12 N:14 O:16 Na:23 S:32 Cl:35.5 Fe:56一、选择题(本题包括l3小题,每小题4分,共52分。
每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项最符合题目要求)1.为获得优良性状的纯合体,将基因型为Dd 的小麦逐代自交,且逐代淘汰dd,下列说法不正确的是( )A.该育种方式操作简单但周期长B.F1中dd的出现是等位基因分离的结果C.育种过程中若不发生突变,则该物种没有进化D.可通过单倍体育种方式得到100%的纯合品种2.亲缘关系较远的物种,如果生存环境相似则会产生相似性状的演化,这种现象被称为“趋同进化”。
在“趋同进化”过程中( )A.不同生物的基因库趋于相同B.自然选择对不同生物的影响效果相同C.同一区域的不同物种之间不存在相互选择、相互影响D.不同生物将演化为形态结构相似的同一物种,从而打破生殖隔离3.下图为高等动物的体内细胞与外界环境的物质交换示意图,下列叙述正确的是()A.内环境从外界得到营养物质要通过消化系统、呼吸系统、循环系统等结构B.代谢废物完全由③过程排出C.O2从红细胞进入组织细胞中发挥作用的部位要经过4层生物膜D.所有生物与外界进行物质交换都是通过内环境来实现的4.下列有关人体免疫的叙述正确的是()①血浆中溶菌酶的杀菌作用属于人体的第一道防线②抗原都是外来异物③人体分泌的乳汁中含有某些抗体④吞噬细胞可参与特异性免疫⑤过敏反应一般不会破坏组织细胞⑥HIV主要攻击人体的T细胞,引起自身免疫病⑦对移植器官的排斥是通过细胞免疫进行的A.①④⑤⑦ B.①②③⑦C.③④⑤⑦ D.②③⑥⑦5。
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程溪中学2013届高三模拟测试理综试题(本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷。
第I卷为必考题,第Ⅱ卷包括必考题和选考题两部分。
本试卷共12页,满分300分,考试时间150分钟。
)可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C—12 O-16 S-32 Sc—45 Na—23 Fe-56 第I卷(选择题共108分)一.选择题:本大题共18小题,每小题6,共108分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,(只)有一项符合题目要求1.下列说法中正确的是()A.调查某地雪松种群密度时,应使用样方法,随机取样,样方面积为1 m2B.探究麦芽糖酶的专一性实验中,可选择斐林试剂检验麦芽糖是否分解C.低温诱导染色体数目加倍的实验原理是低温可抑制染色体着丝点分裂,使子染色体不能分别移向两极D.叶绿体中色素的分离实验中色素在滤纸上的排列顺序从上往下依次是胡萝卜素、叶黄素、叶绿素a、叶绿素b2.科学家研究赤霉素和矮壮素(植物生长调节剂)对黄芩(一种药用植物)生长情况及其根细胞中黄酮类物质(主要药用成分)含量的影响。
把生长状态一致的幼苗平分为三组进行不同处理,26天后检测结果如下表所示,由此可知()A.矮壮素提高黄芩光合作用强度的效果好于赤霉素B.甘薯等块根类植物不适合施用矮壮素和赤霉素C.矮壮素对黄芩产生黄酮类成分不利,赤霉素有利D.外源喷施赤霉素比黄芩合成的赤霉素对植株增高更有效3.下列生物技术或生理过程中发生的变异的对应关系错误的是()A.①基因突变B.②基因重组C.③基因重组D.④基因突变4.右图细胞分裂各阶段的细胞核DNA和细胞质中mRNA含量变化曲线,下列说法正确的是:A.诱变育种时,诱变剂发挥作用的时期主要是a阶段B.e阶段细胞核内DNA分子数与染色体数的比为1:2C.细胞分裂过程中核糖体功能活跃的时期是a、c阶段D.若该细胞培养在含3H标记的胸苷的培养液中,则e阶段时细胞核中含3H的DNA占总DNA的50%5.下丘脑在生命活动调节中具有十分重要的作用,既是内分泌系统的枢纽,也受大脑皮层的调控,参与其它生命活动。
下图是下丘脑与人体生命活动调节的部分途径示意图,相关说法正确的是()A.若图中的内分泌腺为甲状腺,则激素⑥不仅作用于组织,还作用于下丘脑和垂体B.若图中的内分泌腺为甲状腺,则缺碘会导致血浆中激素④的含量增加、③和⑥的含量降低C.若用图示表示水盐调节,则感受器位于下丘脑,且在食用较咸食物时,下丘脑可产生渴觉D.若用图示表示血糖调节过程,则图示中的内分泌腺一定是胰岛,且作用途径为③④和⑦6.化学与生活、生产、社会关系密切。
下列叙述正确的是()A.铁制管道涂铝粉可防锈蚀B.碳酸钡、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化镁等均可作为抗酸药物使用C.焊锡中加铅的目的是提高熔点D.用废旧皮革生产药用胶囊可以提高原子利用率7.下列关于有机物的说法正确的是()A.油脂在人体内水解为氨基酸和甘油等小分子被吸收。
B.甲酸甲酯和乙酸是同分异构体C.石油催化裂化的主要目的是提高芳香烃的产量 D.聚丙烯的结构简式为8.以下说法正确的是()A.16O转化为18O不是化学变化B.汽车尾气中的CO、NO等都是汽油和柴油的不完全燃烧产物C.t℃时,1L pH =6的纯水中OH-的数目为10-8 N AD.同一物质不同聚集状态下分子间的平均距离都是d(气态)>d(液态)>d(固态)9.用下列实验装置进行的实验中,能达到相应实验目的的是()A .装置甲:吸收尾气中的氨气B .装置乙:除去乙烯中混有的乙烷C .装置丙:用于实验室制硝基苯D .装置丁:说明反应2NO 2(g)≒N 2O 4(g)是放热反应 1 0.下列说法正确的是( )A .将pH=3和pH=5的硫酸溶液等体积混合后,所得溶液的pH 为4B .已知MgCO 3的K sp = 6.82 × 10-6,则所有含有固体MgCO 3的溶液中,都有c (Mg 2+) = c (CO 32-),且c (Mg 2+) · c (CO 32-) = 6.82 × 10-6C .常温下,在0.10 mol·L -1的NH 3·H 2O 溶液中加入少量NH 4Cl 晶体,能使NH 3·H 2O 的电离度降低,溶液的pH 减小D .已知:则可以计算出反应CH 3(g)+3H 2CH 3(g)的ΔH为-384 kJ·mol -111.某新型电池NaBH 4(B 的化合价为+3价)和H 2O 2作原料,该电池可用作深水勘探等无空气环境电源,其工作原理如下图所示。
下列说法正确的是( ) A .电池工作时Na +从b 极区移向a 极区B .b 极上的电极反应式为:H 2O 2+2e -+2H +=2H 2O C .每消耗3molH 2O 2,转移3mole -D .a 极上的电极反应式为:BH 4-+8OH --8e -=BO 2-+6H 2O12.一定条件下,Cu 2+、Mn 2+、Fe 3+的浓度对乙酸在光照下催化降解速率的影响如右图所示。
下列判断不正确...的是( ) A .Cu 2+、Mn 2+提高乙酸降解速率的最佳浓度为0.1 mol·L -lB .Fe 3+不能提高乙酸降解速率C .相同条件下,乙酸在Cu 2+、Mn 2+、Fe 3+作用下的降解速率依次减小D .该实验方案的缺陷之一是未做空白对照实验13.一列简谐横波沿x 轴传播,周期为T ,t =0时刻的波形如图所示,此时平衡位置位于x =3m 处的质点正在向上运动,若a 、b 两质点平衡位置的坐标分别为x a =2.5 m, x b =5.5 m,则( ) A .当a 质点处在波峰时,b 质点恰在波谷B .质点b 的振动方程为t y 2sin2π=C .t =3T /4时,b 质点正在向y 轴负方向运动D .在某一时刻,a 、b 两质点的位移和速度可能相同。
14.如图所示,两束不同的单色光P 和Q 以适当的角度射向半圆形的玻璃砖,然后均由O 点沿OF方向射出,则下列说法中正确的是( )A .P 在真空中的波长比Q 短B .P 、Q 由水射向空气发生全反射时,P 的临界角小C .P 穿过玻璃砖所需时间比Q 长D .采用同一双缝干涉实验装置,分别以P 、Q 光做光源,P 光的干涉条纹间距大于Q 光的干涉条纹间距15.如图所示,一只理想变压器原线圈与频率为50 Hz 的正弦交流电源相连。
两个阻值均为20 Ω的电阻串联后接在副线圈的两端。
图中的电流表、电压表均为理想交流电表,原、副线圈的匝数分别为200匝和100匝,电压表的示数为5 V 。
则( )A . 原线圈的输入功率为2.5 WB .流过电阻的交流电的频率为100 HzC .原线圈电压的最大值为20VD .电流表的读数为0.5 A16.轻绳一端系在质量为m 的物体A 上,另一端系在一个套在倾斜粗糙杆MN 的圆环上。
现用平行于杆的力F 拉住绳子上一点O ,使物体A 从图中实线位置缓慢上升到虚线位置,并且圆环仍保持在原来位置不动。
则在这一过程中。
环对杆的摩擦力F f 和环对杆的压力F N 的变化情况是( )A .F f 保持不变,F N 逐渐增大B .F f 保持不变,F N 逐渐减小C .F f 逐渐减小,F N 保持不变D .F f 逐渐增大,F N 保持不变17.光滑水平面.....上固定放置两个等量同种电荷,其连线中垂线上有A 、B 、C 三点,如图甲所示,一个质量m =1kg 的小物块自水平面内C 点由静止释放,小物块带电荷量q =2C , 其运动的v -t 图线如图乙所示,其中B 点为整条图线切线斜率最大的位置(图中标出了该切线),则以下分析错误..的是( )A .B 点为中垂线上电场强度最大的点,场强E =1V /m B .由C 点到A 点物块的电势能先减小后变大 C .由C 点到A 点,电势逐渐降低D .B 、A 两点间的电势差为U BA =8.25V18.如图是建筑工地上常用的一种“深穴打夯机”示意图,电动机带动两个滚轮匀速转动将夯杆从深坑提上来,当夯杆底端刚到达坑口时,两个滚轮彼此分开,将夯杆释放,夯杆在自身重力作用下,落回深坑,夯实坑底。
然后两个滚轮再将夯杆压紧,夯杆被提上来,如此周而复始(夯杆被滚轮提升过程中,经历匀加速和匀速运动过程)。
已知两个滚轮边缘的线速度恒为v ,夯杆质量m ,则下列说法正确的是( )A .夯杆被提上来的过程中滚轮先对它施加向上的滑动摩擦力后 不对它施力;B .增加滚轮匀速转动的角速度或增加滚轮对杆的正压力可减小提杠的时间;C .滚轮对夯杆做的功等于夯杆动能的增量;D .一次提杆过程系统共产生热量221mv第II 卷(非选择题,共192分) 必考部分第II 卷必考部分共9题,共157分。
19.(18分)(1)(8分)某同学用图示实验装置来测量物块与木板间的动摩擦因数μ,一带有窄片的物块被一弹簧弹 射装置弹射出去,沿水平木板滑行,途中安装一光电 门,标记为O 点。
设重力加速度为g 。
①测得窄片的宽度为L ,记下窄片通过光电门的时间△t ,还需要测量的一个物理量是 _ __。
(标明相关物理量的符号)②物块和木板间的动摩擦因数μ=____ __ _ __。
(2)(10分)某些固体材料受到外力后除了产生形变,其电阻率也要发生变化,这种由于外力的作用而使材料电阻率发生变化的现象称为“压阻效应”。
现用如图所示的电路研究某长薄板电阻R x的压阻效应,已知R x的阻值变化范围为几欧到几十欧,实验室中有下列器材:A.电源E(3 V,内阻约为1 Ω)B.电流表A l (0.6 A,内阻r1=5 Ω)C.电流表A2(0.6 A,内阻r2约为1 Ω)D.开关S,定值电阻R0①为了比较准确地测量电阻R x的阻值,请完成虚线框内电路图的设计。
②在电阻R x上加一个竖直向下的力F(设竖直向下为正方向),闭合开关S,记下电表读数,A1的读数为I1,A2的读数为I2,得R x=____ __ _ __(用字母表示)。
③改变力的大小,得到不同的R x值,然后让力反向从下向上挤压电阻,并改变力的大小,得到不同的R x值。
最后绘成的图像如图所示,当F竖直向下时,可得R x与所受压力F的数值关系是R x=____ __ _ 。
④定值电阻R0的阻值应该选用____ __ _ 。
A.5 Ω B.10 Ω C.15 Ω D.20 Ω20.(15分)我国某城市某交通路口绿灯即将结束时会持续闪烁 3 s,而后才会变成黄灯,再3秒黄灯提示后再转为红灯。
(本题中的刹车过程均视为匀减速直线运动)(1)若某车在黄灯开始闪烁时刹车,要使车在黄灯闪烁的时间内停下来且刹车距离不得大于18 m,该车刹车前的行驶速度不能超过多少?(2)若某车正以v0=15 m/s的速度驶向路口,此时车距停车线的距离为L=48.75 m,当驾驶员看到绿灯开始闪烁时,经短暂考虑后开始刹车,该车在红灯刚亮时恰停在停车线以内。