Wis引导的虚拟语气
英语语法 虚拟语气的知识点归纳
英语语法虚拟语气的知识点归纳一、虚拟条件句(一)含有if条件句的主从句的虚拟语气总结:1. If 条件句中谓语动词的虚拟结构是在原来陈述语气所用时态的基础上倒退一个时态(对将来虚拟的were to do/should do例外)2. 主句要借助于情态动词的过去式,后跟动词原形(现在或将来)或have done(过去);if条件句中只出现一个情态动词,即对将来虚拟的should.3.做此类题目时一定要分清是从句还是主句谓语动词的虚拟,还要把握好时态。
注意:1. 在虚拟条件从句中,动词“be”的过去时态一律用”were”,不用was。
2. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词中任何一个,可省略if,把这三个词提到主语之前, 变成:were/should/had +主语+剩余成分。
3.在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。
如我们可说Were I not to do., 而不能说Weren‘t I to do。
4.在表示与将来事实相反的条件句中,只能用should,而不能用would,could和might 等。
5.主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would,could以及might 可以用于各种人称eg :①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。
②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。
在虚拟条件句中,对于与将来事实相反的情形,请注意以下几点:(1)条件从句表示的内容与将来事实相反,实为对将来情况的推测,用过去时表示虚拟;(2)条件从句谓语除用过去式外,有时也用“should+动词原形(表示可能性极小,常译为“万一”)”或“were to+动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的假设)”;(3)条件从句使用“should+动词原形”这样的谓语形式时,主句谓语除可用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式外,也可用直陈语气或祈使语气。
关于虚拟语气的知识点整理
关于虚拟语气的知识点整理虚拟语气的重点是:1.一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。
2.虚拟语气的特殊形式,即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。
3.主从句表示不同的时间概念、事实或假设情况,从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。
4.含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。
上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在,尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目,而在阅读理解里,我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助,了解哪些观点是作者假设的、虚拟的,哪些是真实的,这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。
下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。
一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:过去式(be动词用were)。
B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时,它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为:would, could, might+ 动词原形。
C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为:had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。
The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”I wish that he weren’t so lazy.(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形,表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
高考英语备考虚拟语气的三种形式
高考英语备考虚拟语气的三种形式高考英语备考虚拟语气的三种形式高考备考 I wish 后从句用虚拟语气的三种形式I wish you ______ him my telephone number, but you did.A. didn’t giveB. hadn’t givenC. wouldn’t giveD. shouldn’t give此题应选B。
I wish后接宾语从句时, 谓语有三种可能:1. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望, 用过去时:I wish I were a teacher. 我要是一位老师就好了。
I wish I remembered her address. 我要是记得她的地址就好了。
2. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望, 用过去完成时:How I wish I had seen her off at the station, but I was too busy. 我要是去车站送过她就好了, 但我太忙了。
3. 表示与将来事实相反的愿望, 用could/would+/might+动词原形:I wish he would come at once. 我真希望他马上来。
类似地, 以下结构也与wish情况类似(从句分三种情况):(1) If only(但愿):用法与含义均与I wish相似, 以上各例中的I wish均可用If only代之, 含义大致相同。
(2) as if/though(好像):She loves the child as if he were her own. 她疼这孩子, 就像是她自己的孩子一样。
(与现在事实相反)He talks as if he had been there many times. 他说起话来好像是去过那儿多次似的。
(与过去事实相反)He speaks as if he would die soon. 听他说话那语气好像不久就要死似的。
(与将来事实相反)考研英语复习方法推荐考研英语是重头戏,无论报考文科还是理科,报考医科还是农科,都需要参加英语考试。
Wis 引导的虚拟语气
Wish 引导的虚拟语气虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中,(常常省去连词that),表示不可能实现的愿望。
1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望构成:主语+ wish (that) + 从句主语+ 动词过去式(be 一律用were)例如:I wish I knew everything in the world. I wish that the experiment were a success. We wish we had wings. 我们希望有翅膀。
Example: I wish it ______ not so cold outside.A. shall beB. beC. wereD. isI wish I ______ you better.A. knowB. knewC. will knowD. have known2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望构成:主语+ wish (that) + 从句主语+ would/could + have + 过去分词或had + 过去分词例如:I wish that you had called yesterday.I wish that I could have gone with you last night.I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there.Example: I wish you ______ such a great deal of fuss.A. were not causedB. had not causedC. have not causedD. are not causedI wish that you ______ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. hadn’t hadB. hadn’tC. didn’t haveD. hadn’t have3.表示将来不大可能实现的愿望构成:主语+ wish (that) + 从句主语+ would/should/could/might + 原形动词例如:I wish that he could try again.I wish that someday I should live on the moon.We wish that they would come soon.Example: I wish that we ______ with my brother when he flies to England next week.A. could goB. had goneC. will goD. are going练习题:1.I wish you ______ like that.a. don’t talkb. wouldn’t talkc. won’t talkd. not to talk2.I wish I _____ how to operate the machine.a. have knownb. knowc. can knowd. knew3.He is not a millionaire but he _____ he were.a. wishesb. hopesc. longsd. believes4.I wish that I ______ visit my uncle the day after tomorrow.a. shallb. havec. wouldd. am going to5.I wish it ______ spring all the year round.a. will beb. werec. bed. is6.I wish I _____ to that university with you yesterday.a. would gob. wentc. did god. had gone7.I left very early last night, but I wish I ______ so early.a. didn’t leaveb. hadn’t leftc. haven’t leftd. couldn’t leave8.Nancy sometimes wishes that she ______ in the big city.a. was not livingb. did not livedc. were not livingd. does not live9. James wishes he ______ the football game instead of the film.a. had seenb. sawc. had been seend. see9.While you’re here, I wish ______ have a look around thehouse.a. you’llb. you’vec. you’dd. you better10.Looking back on it, I wish you ______ me first.a. askedb. have askedc. askd. had asked11.“Do you want me to lend you some money?” “I wish you______. I would pay you back next week.”a. shouldb. wouldc. didd. might12.I wished it ______ but it did.a. had not occurredb. would not occurc. was not occurredd. did not occur13.He didn’t go t o her birthday party, but he does wish he ______there.a. has beenb. would bec. had beend. would have been14.“These typewritten papers are very neat.” “I wish I ______type too, but I don’t know how.”a. canb. mayc. will d could。
高三英语虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood):表示与事实不符的情况人教版知识精讲
高三英语虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood):表示与事实不符的情况人教版【同步教育信息】一. 本周教学内容虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood):表示与事实不符的情况二. 重点、难点虚拟语气是通过一些谓语动词的特殊形式表达的,虚拟语气在条件状语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、主语从句、定语从句中均有应用。
本讲中打破了以往语法书的讲解规则,将虚拟语气的主要应用分为七类,便于记忆和运用。
三. 具体内容1. wish 引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气结构。
例句:I wish all of you could enter a good university .我希望你们每一个人都能考上好大学。
I wish I were as young as you .我真希望自己和你们一样年轻。
2. If或supposing 引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气结构注:(1)从句和主句可以根据时间选择不同的虚拟语气结构(2)从句中的虚拟语气结构可以使用倒装,去掉if,用were , had , should 代替if。
(3)其他由as if , as though , even if , even though , if only引导的状语从句或表语从句中,都使用由if引导的从句虚拟语气结构。
例句:If you had prepared for the exam well , you wouldn’t have failed .如果你好好复习,你就不会不及格了。
Supposing you had prepared for the exam well , you wouldn’t regret now .如果你好好复习了,现在就不会后悔。
Were I you , I wouldn’t waste the time .如果我是你,我就不浪费时间。
He looks as if he had known the secret.他看上去好像知道了那个秘密。
名词性从句中的虚拟语气的用法解析
名词性从句中的虚拟语气当名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)中的谓语动词使用了某种特殊形式或者该从句使用了某些具有特定意义的名词、形容词或分词时,可以使用虚拟语气。
1. 主语从句(1) It is important that she (should) cooperate with usIt was unnecessary that he (should) get here so early.He says it is fortunate that she (should) take the first prize.It is strange that he (should) leave without telling us.It is surprising/amazing/pleasing that she(should) win over her mother.在“it + be + adj. + that clause ”的句型中,形容词表示“必须的”、“重要的”、“适当的”、“自然的”、“不可能的”、“紧迫的”等意义时,主语从句常用虚拟语气。
这类形容词还有advisable, desirable, essential, impossible, natural, possible等。
形容词表示“惊讶的”、“失望的”、“懊悔的”等意义时,主语从句常用虚拟语气。
形容词是dreadful(可怕的),funny等词时,这种句型中的主语从句也可用陈述语气。
(2)It is ordered that the classroom (should) be kept in order.It is desired that every student (should) obey the school rulesIt is suggested that we (should) start the work at once.表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”意义的动词,如advise, arrange, demand, propose, recommend, request, require等用被动语态时,主语从句要用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气思维导图
3
与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
1.如果我有一百万美元,我就会...
If I had one million dollars, I would ...
与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话,那我是很不幸的。
If I had married her, I would have been unhappy. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句(通常有时间状语)
that +S.+(should)do
It is important/natural..
It is a pity/no wonder…
did/were
sb. wish
S + had done
would / might/could do
Sb. suggest/demand/ that
order/ advise
2021/10/10
Clara
14
交叉虚拟语气
条件从句 所表示的动作与主句所表示的动作发生的时间不一致 (如一个发生在过去,另一个发生在现在)。这时,我们要根据具 体时间来调整动词的相应形式。
If I hadn't stood under the ladder to catch you
when you fell,you ____ now.
It seems as if it is going t0/10
Clara 12
虚拟语气在其他从句中的用法
1.It’s high time that +S.+did/should do 2. I would rather that +S+did/had done 3. If only 同wish 4. What if +S. should do
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的表达
初中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的表达虚拟语气是英语中的一种特殊语态,用来表示虚构的、假设的或不可能实现的情况。
在初中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的用法对于提高语言表达的准确性和丰富性非常重要。
以下是对初中英语中虚拟语气的常见用法进行了归纳。
一、与过去事实相反的情况1. 虚拟语气用于与过去事实相反的情况,表示与现实不符的假设、愿望或建议。
1) If引导的虚拟语气句型If引导的虚拟语气句型常用于假设情况,其结构为: If + 主语 + 动词的过去完成时,主语+ would/could/might/should/were(be动词用were)+动词原形。
例句:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我学习更努力,我就会通过考试。
)If you were taller, you could play basketball with us.(如果你个子高一些,你就可以和我们一起打篮球。
)2) wish引导的虚拟语气句型Wish引导的虚拟语气句型用于表达对现在或过去情况的愿望,其结构为: 主语 + wish + 主语 + 动词的过去式(对现在情况的愿望),主语+ wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词(对过去情况的愿望)。
例句:I wish I had a car.(我希望我有一辆车。
)I wish it would stop raining.(我希望停下雨。
)3) 虚拟语气用于建议在某些表达建议的句型中,虚拟语气也得到了应用。
常用的句型有:It's time + 主语 + 动词过去式;It's about time + 主语 + 过去完成时;I suggest + (that) + 主语 + should + 动词原形;I would rather + 主语 + 动词原形。
例句:It's time you went to bed.(你该去睡觉了。
虚拟语气wish的三种用法
虚拟语气wish的三种用法
虚拟语气wish的三种用法包括:
1. 表示对现在情况的遗憾或不满:通常与过去形式的动词连用。
例如:
- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高一点。
)
- She wishes she had studied harder for the exam.(她希望她之前
更努力地学习了。
)
2. 表示对过去情况的后悔:通常与过去完成时连用。
例如:
- I wish I had bought that dress.(我真希望我当时买了那件裙子。
)
- He wishes he had listened to his mother's advice.(他后悔没有
听妈妈的建议。
)
3. 表示对未来情况的想象或不可能的愿望:此时与虚拟语气形式连用。
例如:
- I wish I could fly.(我希望我能飞。
)
- They wish they could travel around the world someday.(他们希望有一天能环游世界。
)。
英语语法知识虚拟语气
【导语】在⼤学英语六级考试中,单独考察六级语法的题型不多,但是语法知识点却贯穿整张试卷,下⾯是⽆忧考为⼤家整理的基础语法知识——虚拟语⽓。
1. 表⽰现在/过去/将来情况的虚拟条件句虚拟条件句主要有三种结构:1) 表⽰与现在情况相反:主句谓语⽤“would / could / might +动词原形”,从句谓语⽤“动词的⼀般过去时”(动词be的过去式⼀律⽤were)。
If I were you, I would not accept his offer.If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you.2) 表⽰与过去情况相反:主句谓语⽤“would / could / might + have +过去分词”,从句谓语⽤过去完成时。
If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam.3) 表⽰与将来情况相反:主句谓语⽤“would / could / might +动词原形”,从句谓语⽤“were +动词不定式”或“should +动词原形”。
If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study.If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you.2. 虚拟条件句连接词if的省略如果虚拟条件句的从句中含有were, had, should, could等词时,可以省略连接词if,但这时必须把were, had, should, could等词移到主语前⾯,形成倒装。
这种句型主要⽤于书⾯形式。
虚拟语气的用法
虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)是谓语动词的一种形式,用来表示非真实的假设,或者用来表示命令、建议或说话人的主观愿望。
一、非真实条件中的虚拟语气非真实条件就是违背事实情况的假设,包括违背现在事实的假设,违背过去事实的假设,以及将来不可能发生或虽有可能发生但说话人主观上不希望发生的假设。
最后这一种假设简称为违背将来的假设。
在这三种情况下,条件从句和主句中的谓语动词采取下列虚拟形式。
虚拟语气中主句中的第一人称用should,第二、三人称用would。
但在美国英语中,第一人称也可用would。
此外,主句中也可用情态动词could或might代替should或would。
在条件句中,如果动词是be,在违背现在的事实时,各个人称均用were。
但在非正式文体中,特别是在口语中,第一、三人称单数用was的时候也不少。
在违背将来事实的条件从句中,"should +动词原形"及"were +不定式"两种谓语动词形式适用于所有的人称。
1.违背现在事实的假设If the earth had no gravity,the moon would fly to the sun.假如地球没有引力,月球就要向太阳飞去。
If I were you ,I would reconsider their proposal.我要是你,就重新考虑他们的建议。
2.违背过去事实的假设If I had left a little earlier,I would have caught the train.我要是早点动身就赶上火车了。
If she hadn't taken your advice,she would have made a serious mistake.她要不是听了你的劝告,就犯大错误了。
3.可能违背将来事实的假设这里指的是将来不大可能发生的假设,或者虽有可能发生,但说话人主观上不希望发生的假设。
高分读后续写之虚拟语气讲义 2023届高考英语作文备考
高考读后续写虚拟语气01—虚拟语气类别&形式:if虚拟语气(从句谓语动词往前推一个时态)if从句谓语动词主句谓语动词现在were/did would/could/should+do/not do过去had done would/could/should/might(not)+have done将来 1.were/did2.should do3.were to do would/could/should/mig ht(not)+do例:如果你采取我的建议,就不会犯这么大的错误。
(事实没有采取建议,所以对过去虚拟)If you had taken my advice, you wouldn't have made such a mistake.if省略,从句倒装若从句中省略if,were/had/should需提前至句首例:If you had taken my advice, you wouldn't have made such a mistake.--Had you taken my advice, you wouldn't have made such a mistake.wish虚拟语气(wish+宾语从句)现在were/did过去had done将来would/could/might do (没有should)例:我希望我没有跟我的朋友争吵。
(事实争吵啦,所以对过去虚拟)I wish I had not argued with my friend语用功能:多用于某种心理描写,进行假设,伴随某种情绪;且续写中基本上都是对过去的虚拟(牢记对过去的虚拟)02—读后续写:虚拟语气表达不同情绪后悔、遗憾(if虚拟语气)“如果我没有做.../去了...,我就不会陷入如此窘迫的境地”,Jane 充满了后悔与焦虑,渐渐地眼泪湿了眼眶。
“If I had not done sth/gone to the+地方, I wouldn't have been trapped in the awful situation now!" Jane said with anxiety and regret, and gradually her tears welled up in her eyes.感激(if虚拟语气)如果不是因为他的帮助,我不可能..., 我欠他恩情。
宾语从句中的虚拟语气使用
宾语从句中的虚拟语气使用一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气,常省去宾语从句的引导词that。
一)、对现在情况的虚拟(与现在的事实相反):从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。
其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语be和were(was),实义动词用过去式。
例:1. i wish (that可省略,下同)i knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。
(事实上是不知道)2. i wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。
(事实上不可能)3. i wish i were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。
(事实上不可能)4. when she was at the party,she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家)5. now that he is in china, he wishes he understood chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)现在他在中国,他希望能懂得中文。
(事实上并不懂)6. when we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)二)、对过去情况的虚拟(和过去的事实相反):用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。
其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时,或would, could, might+现在完成时。
例:1. i wish (that可省略,下同)i hadn't wasted so much time.我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。
宾语从句中的虚拟语气
宾语从句编辑一、I wish后的宾语从句动词wish后接宾语从句时,从句谓语要用虚拟语气。
若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时(同样be动词换成were);若表示与过去相反的愿望,从句谓语用would / could+have + 过去分词或者过去完成时had done(注意这里的情态动词不能用should);若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,用would (could)+动词原形。
注意如果将wish改为过去式wished,其后that从句中的动词形式不变。
如:I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有什么用处。
We wish he didn ' t smoke.我们希望他不吸烟。
I wish prices would come dow n. 我希望物价能降下来。
I wish the train would come. 我希望火车将会来。
I wished I had n't spe nt so much mon ey. 但愿我没有花这么多钱。
二、表示“坚持”后的宾语从句主要是指insist的宾语从句,从句谓语由“ should+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。
如:I in sisted that he (should) stay. 我坚持要他留下。
He in sisted that I (should) go with them. 他坚持要我同他们一起去。
Rose in sisted that he be prese nt. 罗斯坚持要他出席。
The detective in sisted that he should have a look. 警探坚持要查看。
注意:动词insist后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别是:若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生,或尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气;若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生,或已经成为事实,则要用陈述语气。
宾语从句用虚拟语气的10种类型
宾语从句用虚拟语气的10种类型一、I wish后的宾语从句动词wish后接宾语从句时,从句谓语要用虚拟语气。
若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时;若表示与过去相反的愿望,从句谓语用过去完成时或w ould / c ould+hav e +过去分词;若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,用wou ld (c oul d)+动词原形。
如:I wis h I coul d be ofsome use. 我希望我能有什么用处。
We wish he didn’tsmoke. 我们希望他不吸烟。
I wishprices w ould com e down.我希望物价能降下来。
I wis h the tr ain woul d come.我希望火车会来。
二、表示“坚持”后的宾语从句主要是指insi st的宾语从句,从句谓语由“sh ould+动词原形”构成,其中的should在美国英语中通常可以省略。
如:Iinsisted that he(should) stay.我坚持要他留下。
He insi sted tha t I (sho uld) gowith the m. 他坚持要我同他们一起去。
Rose ins isted th at he be present. 罗斯坚持要他出席。
Thedetectiv e insist ed thathe shoul d have a look. 警探坚持要查看。
注意:动词ins ist后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别是:若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生,或尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气;若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生,或已经成为事实,则要用陈述语气。
英语中的虚拟语气用法讲解
我没必要擦窗户。我兄弟做了
I didn’t need to clean the windows . My brother did it. would have done 本来会去做---我没有足够的钱.否则我会买那本书的.
语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气: 陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同 的语气用动词的不同形式(有的还借助 句法形式)来表示。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,一是用来
表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而是一 种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步 状语从句中);一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、 命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位 语从句)。
2.省略句
在条件句中,可省略 if,把were ,had, should 提到 句首,变为倒装句式. If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder.
If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
A. could b. can C. should D. would
A before 5:30pm. 2. He gave orders that the experiment ____
A. be finished B.will finish C. must be finished
虚拟语气在其他名词从句中的应用
虚拟语气在其他名词从句中的应用1. 用于表示命令、决定、建议等词语之后的分句,如suggest (建议),order(下令),demand(要求),propose(建议),command (命令),request(要求),desire(要求),insist(坚持),advise(劝告),decide(决定),maintain(主张),require(要求),recommend (劝告),urge(极力主张),move(提议),vote(提议),prefer(宁愿) consent, i9ntend, plead, pray, resolve等动词后的宾语从句中,从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”或只用动词原形。
例如:I suggest we set off straight away·我建议我们立即出发。
They requested that we(should)send a delegation to their country.他们要求我们向他们国家派代表团。
The Reform Club proposed that wages be raised.改革俱乐部建议我们长工资。
I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.因为他犯了严重的错误,我建议解雇他。
2. 虚拟语气用在“his+引起虚拟的形容词或过去分词十that引导的主语从句”中,表示要求、建议、提议、命令、请求等,从句的谓语用"should+动词原形”或只用动词原形。
该句型常用的形容词和过去分词有:desired,suggested,requested,ordered,proposed,required,recommended,decided,necessary,important,natural,possible,urgent,vital,proper,obligatory,essential (紧要的),appropriate(适当的),better(较好的),advisable(合理的,适当的),imperative(迫切的)等。
虚拟语气的用法和常见情况
虚拟语气的用法和常见情况在语法学中,虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人的虚拟、愿望、建议、命令、要求等。
虚拟语气常见于口语和书面语中,许多语言都存在虚拟语气,包括英语、法语、西班牙语等。
虚拟语气有多种用法,在不同情况下表示不同的意思。
接下来,我们将详细探讨虚拟语气的用法和常见情况。
一、表示愿望和建议1. 表示对现在或将来的愿望:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高一些。
)- We hope she succeeds in her new job.(我们希望她在新工作中取得成功。
)2. 表示对过去事情的遗憾或希望情景不同:- If only I had studied harder, I could have passed the exam.(要是早知道当初努力点,我就能通过考试了。
)- I wish I hadn't said that.(真希望我当时没有说那些话。
)3. 表示建议或命令:- It's important that he arrive on time.(他准时到达是很重要的。
)- I suggest that you take a rest.(我建议你休息一下。
)二、表示假设和条件1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设情况:- If I were you, I would apologize.(要是我是你,我会道歉。
)- If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(要是明天下雨,我们就会待在家里。
)2. 表示对过去事实的反事实假设:- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.(要是他当时更加努力学习,他就能通过考试。
)- If I hadn't missed the bus, I would have arrived on time.(要是我没有错过公交车,我就能准时到达。
英语的虚拟语气的用法
英语的虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)是一种表达愿望、建议、命令、建议、可能性和假设的语气。
英语中,虚拟语气的主要形式是动词的变化,尤其是在第三人称单数时,动词需要加上特殊的结束。
以下是英语虚拟语气的常见用法:1. 表达愿望和建议:- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。
)- They suggested that he go to the beach.(他们建议他去海滩。
)2. 表达命令和建议:- It is vital that she be here on time.(她必须准时到达非常重要。
)- The teacher requested that the students not talk during the exam.(老师要求学生们考试期间不要说话。
)3. 表达可能性:- If I were you, I would take the job.(如果我是你,我会接受这份工作。
)- He might come to the party if he finishes his work early.(如果他早点完成工作,他可能会来参加派对。
)4. 表示假设和条件:- If I had more money, I would travel the world.(如果我有更多的钱,我会周游世界。
)- I would help you if I could.(如果我能帮助你,我会这么做。
)需要注意的是,虚拟语气的使用在日常口语中较为有限,更常见于正式、文学和法律文本。
此外,有时也可使用"should"或"were to"这样的结构来表示虚拟语气,例如:"He suggested that I should take a break."(他建议我休息一下。
)或 "If I were to win the lottery, I would buy a house."(如果我中了彩票,我会买一所房子。