CMPZ4686中文资料
atc中文手册
A T24C256中文资料2009-11-15 09:43特性???? 与1MHz I2C 总线兼容???? 到伏工作电压范围???? 低功耗CMOS 技术???? 写保护功能当WP 为高电平时进入写保护状态???? 64 字节页写缓冲器???? 自定时擦写周期???? 100,000 编程/擦写周期???? 可保存数据100 年???? 8 脚DIP SOIC 封装???? 温度范围商业级工业级和汽车级概述CAT24WC256 是一个256K 位串行CMOS E2PROM 内部含有32768 个字节每字节为8 位CATALYST 公司的先进CMOS 技术实质上减少了器件的功耗CAT24WC256 有一个64 字节页写缓冲器该器件通过I2C 总线接口进行操作管脚描述管脚名称功能A0 A1 地址输入SDA 串行数据/地址SCL 串行时钟WP 写保护Vcc + 电源Vss 地NC 未连接极限参数工作温度工业级-55 +125商业级0 +75贮存温度-65 +150各管脚承受电压 Vcc+Vcc 管脚承受电压 +封装功率损耗Ta=25焊接温度(10 秒) 300口输出短路电流100mA功能描述CAT24WC256 支持I2C 总线数据传送协议I2C 总线协议规定任何将数据传送到总线的器件作为发送器任何从总线接收数据的器件为接收器数据传送是由产生串行时钟和所有起始停止信号的主器件控制的CAT24WC256 是作为从器件被操作的主器件和从器件都可以作为发送器或接收器但由主器件控制传送数据发送或接收的模式管脚描述SCL 串行时钟CAT24WC256 串行时钟输入管脚用于产生器件所有数据发送或接收的时钟这是一个输入管脚SDA 串行数据/地址双向串行数据/地址管脚用于器件所有数据的发送或接收SDA 是一个开漏输出管脚可与其它开漏输出或集电极开路输出进行线或wire-ORWP 写保护当WP 脚连接到Vcc 所有内存变成写保护只能读当WP 引脚连接到Vss 或悬空允许器件进行读/写操作A0 A1 器件地址输入这些管脚为硬连线或者不连接对于单总线系统最多可寻址4 个CAT24WC256 器件参阅器件寻址当这些引脚没有连接时其默认值为0I2C 总线协议I2C 总线协议定义如下1 只有在总线空闲时才允许启动数据传送2 在数据传送过程中当时钟线为高电平时数据线必须保持稳定状态不允许有跳变时钟线为高电平时数据线的任何电平变化将被看作总线的起始或停止信号起始信号时钟线保持高电平期间数据线电平从高到低的跳变作为I2C 总线的起始信号停止信号时钟线保持高电平期间数据线电平从低到高的跳变作为I2C 总线的停止信号器件寻址主器件通过发送一个起始信号启动发送过程然后发送它所要寻址的从器件的地址8 位从器件地址的高5 位固定为10100 见图5 接下来的2 位A1 A0 为器件的地址位最多可以连接4 个器件到同一总线上这些位必须与硬连线输入脚A1 A0 相对应从器件地址的最低位作为读写控制位1表示对从器件进行读操作0 表示对从器件进行写操作在主器件发送起始信号和从器件地址字节后CAT24WC256 监视总线并当其地址与发送的从地址相符时响应一个应答信号通过SDA 线CAT24WC256 再根据读写控制位R/W 的状态进行读或写操作应答信号I2C 总线数据传送时每成功地传送一个字节数据后接收器都必须产生一个应答信号应答的器件在第9 个时钟周期时将SDA 线拉低表示其已收到一个8 位数据CAT24WC256 在接收到起始信号和从器件地址之后响应一个应答信号如果器件已选择了写操作则在每接收一个8 位字节之后响应一个应答信号当CAT24WC256 工作于读模式时在发送一个8 位数据后释放SDA 线并监视一个应答信号一旦接收到应答信号CAT24WC256 继续发送数据如主器件没有发送应答信号器件停止传送数据并等待一个停止信号写操作字节写在字节写模式下主器件发送起始信号和从器件地址信息R/W 位置0 给从器件在从器件送回应答信号后主器件发送两个8 位地址字写入CAT24WC256 的地址指针主器件在收到从器件的应答信号后再发送数据到被寻址的存储单元CAT24WC256 再次应答并在主器件产生停止信号后开始内部数据的擦写在内部擦写过程中CAT24WC256 不再应答主器件的任何请求页写在页写模式下单个写周期内CAT24WC256 最多可以写入64 个字节数据页写操作的启动和字节写一样不同在于传送了一字节数据后主器件允许继续发送63 个字节每发送一个字节后CAT24WC256 将响应一个应答位且内部低6 位地址加1 高位地址保持不变如果主器件在发送停止信号之前发送大于64 个字节地址计数器将自动翻转先前写入的数据被覆盖当所有64 字节接收完毕主器件发送停止信号内部编程周期开始此时所有接收到的数据在单个写周期内写入CAT24WC256应答查询可以利用内部写周期时禁止数据输入这一特性一旦主器件发送停止位指示主器件操作结束时CAT24WC256 启动内部写周期应答查询立即启动包括发送一个起始信号和进行写操作的从器件地址如果CAT24WC256 正在进行内部写操作将不会发送应答信号如果CAT24WC256 已经完成了内部写操作将发送一个应答信号主器件可以继续对CAT24WC256 进行下一次读写操作写保护写保护操作特性可使用户避免由于不当操作而造成对存储区域内部数据的改写当WP 管脚接高时整个寄存器区全部被保护起来而变为只可读取CAT24WC256 可以接收从器件地址和字节地址但是装置在接收到第一个数据字节后不发送应答信号从而避免寄存器区域被编程改写读操作CAT24WC256 读操作的初始化方式和写操作时一样仅把R/W 位置为1 有三种不同的读操作方式立即/当前地址读选择/随机读和连续读立即/当前地址读的地址计数器内容为最后操作字节的地址加1 也就是说如果上次读/写的操作地址为N 则立即读的地址从地址N+1 开始如果N=E 此处E=32767 则计数器将翻转到0 且继续输出数据CAT24WC256接收到从器件地址信号后R/W 位置1 它首先发送一个应答信号然后发送一个8 位字节数据主器件不需发送一个应答信号但要产生一个停止信号选择/随机读选择/随机读操作允许主器件对寄存器的任意字节进行读操作主器件首先通过发送起始信号从器件地址和它想读取的字节数据的地址执行一个伪写操作在CAT24WC256 应答之后主器件重新发送起始信号和从器件地址此时R/W 位置1 CAT24WC256 响应并发送应答信号然后输出所要求的一个8 位字节数据主器件不发送应答信号但产生一个停止信号连续读连续读操作可通过立即读或选择性读操作启动在CAT24WC256 发送完一个8 位字节数据后主器件产生一个应答信号来响应告知CAT24WC256 主器件要求更多的数据对应每个主机产生的应答信号CAT24WC256 将发送一个8 位数据字节当主器件不发送应答信号而发送停止位时结束此操作从CAT24WC256 输出的数据按顺序由N 到N+1 输出读操作时地址计数器在CAT24WC256 整个地址内增加这样整个寄存器区域在可在一个读操作内全部读出当读取的字节超过E 此处E=32767计数器将翻转到零并继续输出数据字节。
MAX4666EPE中文资料
For free samples & the latest literature: , or phone 1-800-998-8800.For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769.General DescriptionThe MAX4664/MAX4665/MAX4666 quad analog switch-es feature 5Ωmax on-resistance. On-resistance is matched between switches to 0.5Ωmax and is flat (0.5Ωmax) over the specified signal range. Each switch can handle Rail-to-Rail ®analog signals. The off-leakage cur-rent is only 5nA max at +85°C. These analog switches are ideal in low-distortion applications and are the pre-ferred solution over mechanical relays in automatic test equipment or in applications where current switching is required. They have low power requirements, require less board space, and are more reliable than mechanical relays.The MAX4664 has four normally closed (NC) switches,the MAX4665 has four normally open (NO) switches, and the MAX4666 has two NC and two NO switches that guarantee break-before-make switching times.These switches operate from a single +4.5V to +36V supply or from dual ±4.5V to ±20V supplies. All digital inputs have +0.8V and +2.4V logic thresholds, ensuring TTL/CMOS-logic compatibility when using ±15V sup-plies or a single +12V supply.ApplicationsReed Relay Replacement PBX, PABX Systems Test EquipmentAudio-Signal Routing Communication SystemsAvionicsFeatureso Low On-Resistance (5Ωmax)o Guaranteed R ON Match Between Channels (0.5Ωmax)o Guaranteed R ON Flatness over Specified Signal Range (0.5Ωmax)o Guaranteed Break-Before-Make (MAX4666)o Rail-to-Rail Signal Handlingo Guaranteed ESD Protection > 2kV per Method 3015.7o +4.5V to +36V Single-Supply Operation ±4.5V to ±20V Dual-Supply Operation o TTL/CMOS-Compatible Control InputsMAX4664/MAX4665/MAX46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches________________________________________________________________Maxim Integrated Products1Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables19-1504; Rev 0; 7/99Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet.Ordering InformationRail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.M A X 4664/M A X 4665/M A X 46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches 2_______________________________________________________________________________________ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSNote 1:Signals on NC_, NO_, COM_, or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward-diode current tomaximum current rating.V+ to GND..............................................................-0.3V to +44V V- to GND..............................................................+0.3V to -44V V+ to V-...................................................................-0.3V to +44V V L to GND........................................(GND - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V)All Other Pins to DGND (Note 1).........(V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V) Continuous Current (COM_, NO_, NC_) ........................±100mA Peak Current (COM_, NO_, NC_)(pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle)...............................±300mAContinuous Power Dissipation (T A = +70°C)Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C)...............696mW Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C)..............842mW Operating Temperature RangesMAX466_C_E ......................................................0°C to +70°C MAX466_E_E....................................................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec).............................+300°CELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, V L = +5V, V IN_H = +2.4V, V IN_L = +0.8V, T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = +25°C.) (Note 2)Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Dual Supplies (continued)MAX4664/MAX4665/MAX46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches (V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, V L= +5V, V IN_H= +2.4V, V IN_L= +0.8V, T A= T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are atT A= +25°C.) (Note 2)_______________________________________________________________________________________3M A X 4664/M A X 4665/M A X 46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches 4_______________________________________________________________________________________ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single Supply(V+ = +12V, V- = 0, V L = +5V, V IN_H = +2.4V, V IN_L = +0.8V, T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = +25°C.)ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—Single Supply (continued)MAX4664/MAX4665/MAX46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches (V+ = +12V, V- = 0, V L= +5V, V IN_H= +2.4V, V IN_L= +0.8V, T A= T MIN to T MAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A= +25°C.)(Note 2)Note 2:The algebraic convention, where the most negative value is a minimum and the most positive value a maximum, is used in this data sheet.Note 3:Guaranteed by design.Note 4:∆R ON= R ON(MAX)- R ON(MIN).Note 5:Flatness is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum value of on-resistance as measured over the specified analog signal range.Note 6:Leakage parameters are 100% tested at maximum-rated hot temperature and guaranteed by correlation at +25°C.Note 7:Off-isolation = 20log10[V COM_/ (V NC_or V NO_)], V COM_= output, V NC_or V NO_= input to off switch.Note 8:Between any two switches.Note 9:Leakage testing at single supply is guaranteed by testing with dual supplies._______________________________________________________________________________________5M A X 4664/M A X 4665/M A X 46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches 6_______________________________________________________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics(T A = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)2.03.02.54.03.55.04.55.56.56.07.0-20-10-5-1505101520ON-RESISTANCEV COM (V)R O N (Ω)1.52.52.03.53.04.54.05.0-15-50-1051015ON-RESISTANCE vs. V COMAND TEMPERATURE (DUAL SUPPLIES)V COM (V)R O N (Ω)421086121416180693121518212427303336ON-RESISTANCE vs. V COM(SINGLE SUPPLY)V COM (V)R O N (Ω)3.04.54.03.55.05.56.06.57.07.58.0042681012ON-RESISTANCE vs. V COMAND TEMPERATURE (SINGLE SUPPLY)V COM (V)R O N (Ω)040201008060120140160180-10-6-4-8-22410ON/OFF TIMES vs. V COM(DUAL SUPPLIES)V COM (V)t O N , t O F F (n s )680.0110k 1010.11001k 100k-40-10520-253550100958065ON/OFF-LEAKAGE CURRENTvs. TEMPERATURETEMPERATURE (°C)L E A K A G E (p A )-200-1002001000300400500600-20-10-5-1505101520CHARGE INJECTIONvs. V V COM (V)Q (p C )15010025020030004628101214ON/OFF TIMES vs. V COM(SINGLE SUPPLY)V COM (V)t O N , t O F F (n s )5050807011010090120130140150101213111415161720ON/OFF TIMES vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE(DUAL SUPPIES)V+ = -V (V)t O N , t O F F (n s )18196002001003004005006000101552025303540ON/OFF TIMES vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE(SINGLE SUPPLY)V+ (V)t O N , t O F F (n s )8060100120140160-60-20-4020406080100ON/OFF TIMES vs. TEMPERATURE(DUAL SUPPLIES)TEMPERATURE (°C)t O N , t O F F (n s )40200.0110.1101001k 10k -60-20-4020406080100SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURETEMPERATURE (°C)I +, I - (p A )-1000.011100.1100FREQUENCY RESPONSEFREQUENCY (MHz)L O S S (d B )-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-100200150250300350400-60-200-4020406080100ON/OFF TIMES vs. TEMPERATURE(SINGLE SUPPLY)TEMPERATURE (°C)t O N , t O F F (n s )10050MAX4664/MAX4665/MAX46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches_______________________________________________________________________________________7Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(T A = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)M A X 4664/M A X 4665/M A X 46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches 8_______________________________________________________________________________________Applications InformationOvervoltage ProtectionProper power-supply sequencing is recommended for all CMOS devices. Do not exceed the absolute maxi-mum ratings, because stresses beyond the listed rat-ings can cause permanent damage to the devices.Always sequence V+ on first, then V-, followed by the logic inputs, NO, or COM. If power-supply sequencing is not possible, add two small signal diodes (D1, D2) in series with supply pins (Figure 1). Adding diodes reduces the analog signal range to one diode drop below V+ and one diode drop above V-, but does not affect the devices’ low switch resistance and low leak-age characteristics. Device operation is unchanged,and the difference between V+ and V- should not exceed 44V. These protection diodes are not recom-mended when using a single supply.Off-Isolation at High FrequenciesIn 50Ωsystems, the high-frequency on-response of these parts extends from DC to above 100MHz, with a typical loss of -2dB. When the switch is turned off, how-ever, it behaves like a capacitor, and off-isolation decreases with increasing frequency. (Above 300MHz,the switch actually passes more signal turned off than turned on.) This effect is more pronounced with higher source and load impedances.Figure 1. Overvoltage Protection Using External Blocking DiodesPin DescriptionMAX4664/MAX4665/MAX46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches_______________________________________________________________________________________9Figure 2. Switching-Time Test CircuitAbove 5MHz, circuit board layout becomes critical,and it becomes difficult to characterize the response of the switch independent of the circuit. The graphs shown in the Typical Operating Characteristics were taken using a 50Ωsource and load connected with BNC connectors to a circuit board deemed “average,”that is, designed with isolation in mind, but not using stripline or other special RF circuit techniques. For criti-cal applications above 5MHz, use the MAX440,MAX441, and MAX442, which are fully characterized up to 160MHz.Figure 3. Charge-Injection Test CircuitM A X 4664/M A X 4665/M A X 46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches 10______________________________________________________________________________________Figure 6. Switch Off-Capacitance Test Circuit Figure 7. Switch On-Capacitance Test CircuitFigure 4. Off-Isolation Test CircuitFigure 5. Crosstalk Test CircuitMAX4664/MAX4665/MAX46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog SwitchesChip InformationTRANSISTOR COUNT: 108Ordering Information (continued)Package InformationM A X 4664/M A X 4665/M A X 46665Ω, Quad, SPST,CMOS Analog Switches Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.12____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600©1999 Maxim Integrated ProductsPrinted USAis a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.Package Information (continued)。
信捷科技电子 XC 系列可编程序控制器 说明书（xc 1_xc3_xc5_xcm）
3-1．可编程控制器的各种软元件.......................................................................................................... 35 3-2．软元件编号一览表.......................................................................................................................... 37 3-3．可编程控制器的数据处理.............................................................................................................. 39 3-4．软元件的一些编码原则.................................................................................................................. 40 3-5．定时器的编号和功能[T]................................................................................................................. 42 3-6．计数器的编号和功能[C] ................................................................................................................ 44 3-7．注意事项 ......................................................................................................................................... 47
2SD468中文资料
2SD468Silicon NPN EpitaxialApplication• Low frequency power amplifier• Complementary pair with 2SB562Outline2SD4682Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C)ItemSymbol Ratings Unit Collector to base voltage V CBO 25V Collector to emitter voltage V CEO 20V Emitter to base voltage V EBO 5V Collector current I C 1.0A Collector peak current i C(peak) 1.5A Collector power dissipation P C 0.9W Junction temperature Tj 150°C Storage temperatureTstg–55 to +150°CElectrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C)ItemSymbol Min Typ Max Unit Test conditions Collector to base breakdown voltageV (BR)CBO25——V I C = 10 µA, I E = 0Collector to emitter breakdown voltageV (BR)CEO 20——V I C = 1 mA, R BE = ∞Emitter to base breakdown voltageV (BR)EBO 5——V I E = 10 µA, I C = 0Collector cutoff current I CBO —— 1.0µAV CB = 20 V, I E = 0DC current transfer ratio h FE *185—240V CE = 2 V, I C = 0.5 A*2Collector to emitter saturation voltageV CE(sat)—0.20.5V I C = 0.8 A, I B = 0.08 A*2Base to emitter voltage V BE —0.79 1.0V V CE = 2 V, I C = 0.5 A*2Gain bandwidth product f T —190—MHz V CE = 2 V, I C = 0.5 A*2Collector output capacitanceCob—22—pF V CB = 10 V, I E = 0, f = 1 MHzNotes: 1.The 2SD468 is grouped by h FE as follows.2.Pulse test B C85 to170120 to 2402SD46832SD4684Hitachi CodeJEDECEIAJWeight (reference value)TO-92 Mod—Conforms0.35 gUnit: mm元器件交易网Cautions1.Hitachi neither warrants nor grants licenses of any rights of Hitachi’s or any third party’s patent,copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights for information contained in this document.Hitachi bears no responsibility for problems that may arise with third party’s rights, includingintellectual property rights, in connection with use of the information contained in this document.2.Products and product specifications may be subject to change without notice. Confirm that you have received the latest product standards or specifications before final design, purchase or use.3.Hitachi makes every attempt to ensure that its products are of high quality and reliability. However,contact Hitachi’s sales office before using the product in an application that demands especially high quality and reliability or where its failure or malfunction may directly threaten human life or cause risk of bodily injury, such as aerospace, aeronautics, nuclear power, combustion control, transportation,traffic, safety equipment or medical equipment for life support.4.Design your application so that the product is used within the ranges guaranteed by Hitachi particularly for maximum rating, operating supply voltage range, heat radiation characteristics, installationconditions and other characteristics. Hitachi bears no responsibility for failure or damage when used beyond the guaranteed ranges. Even within the guaranteed ranges, consider normally foreseeable failure rates or failure modes in semiconductor devices and employ systemic measures such as fail-safes, so that the equipment incorporating Hitachi product does not cause bodily injury, fire or other consequential damage due to operation of the Hitachi product.5.This product is not designed to be radiation resistant.6.No one is permitted to reproduce or duplicate, in any form, the whole or part of this document without written approval from Hitachi.7.Contact Hitachi’s sales office for any questions regarding this document or Hitachi semiconductor products.Hitachi, Ltd.Semiconductor & Integrated Circuits.Nippon Bldg., 2-6-2, Ohte-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan Tel: Tokyo (03) 3270-2111 Fax: (03) 3270-5109Copyright ' Hitachi, Ltd., 1999. All rights reserved. Printed in Japan.Hitachi Asia Pte. Ltd.16 Collyer Quay #20-00Hitachi TowerSingapore 049318Tel: 535-2100Fax: 535-1533URLNorthAmerica : http:/Europe : /hel/ecg Asia (Singapore): .sg/grp3/sicd/index.htm Asia (Taiwan): /E/Product/SICD_Frame.htm Asia (HongKong): /eng/bo/grp3/index.htm Japan : http://www.hitachi.co.jp/Sicd/indx.htmHitachi Asia Ltd.Taipei Branch Office3F, Hung Kuo Building. No.167, Tun-Hwa North Road, Taipei (105)Tel: <886> (2) 2718-3666Fax: <886> (2) 2718-8180Hitachi Asia (Hong Kong) Ltd.Group III (Electronic Components)7/F., North Tower, World Finance Centre,Harbour City, Canton Road, Tsim Sha Tsui,Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: <852> (2) 735 9218Fax: <852> (2) 730 0281 Telex: 40815 HITEC HXHitachi Europe Ltd.Electronic Components Group.Whitebrook ParkLower Cookham Road MaidenheadBerkshire SL6 8YA, United Kingdom Tel: <44> (1628) 585000Fax: <44> (1628) 778322Hitachi Europe GmbHElectronic components Group Dornacher Stra§e 3D-85622 Feldkirchen, Munich GermanyTel: <49> (89) 9 9180-0Fax: <49> (89) 9 29 30 00Hitachi Semiconductor (America) Inc.179 East Tasman Drive,San Jose,CA 95134 Tel: <1> (408) 433-1990Fax: <1>(408) 433-0223For further information write to:。
MKT468中文资料
MKT 467
C-tol = ±5% last 5 digits(1)
.. 05564 .. 05684 .. 05824 .. 05105
2000 Aug 30
6
BCcomponents
Product specification
Metallized polyester film capacitors
100 V 04 05 51 52 06 07 61 62 −
250 V 16 17 53 54 18 19 63 64 −
400 V 28 29 55 56 30 31 65 66 −
630 V 40 41 57 58 42 43 67 68 −
1000 V − − − − − − − − 60
loose in box long leads MKT 468 taped on reel taped on reel (bent back) MKT/MKT loose in box 468 H = 16.0 mm; P0 = 12.7 mm H = 16.0 mm; P0 = 15.0 mm lead length 3.5 mm
BCcomponents
Product specification
Metallized polyester film capacitors
MKT RADIAL EPOXY LACQUERED TYPE
MKT 467/468 MKT/MKT 468
PITCH 10/15/22.5/27.5 mm PITCH 7.5 (bent back leads)
l
b
seating plane (1) α (2)
h
lt
P
(1) Hole ∅1.0 for dt = 0.6 mm. (2) 0 ≤ α < 50°.
MMSZ4684中文资料
2.52 2.84 3.15 3.47 3.78 4.10 4.52 4.94 5.36 5.88 6.51 7.14 7.88 8.61 9.14 9.56 10.5 11.6 12.6 13.7 14.7 15.8 16.8 17.9 18.9 20.0 21.0 23.1 25.2 26.3 28.4 29.4 31.5 34.7 37.8 41.0 45.2
SYMBOL
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
UNIT
Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient Air Forward Voltage at IF = 10 mA
RΘJA VF
– –
– –
340(1) 0.9
°C/W Volts
NOTES: (1) FR-4 or FR-5 board with minimum recommended solder pad layout.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
MAXIMUM RATINGS AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Ratings at 25°C ambient temperature unless otherwise specified.
SYMBOL
VALUE
UNIT
Zener Current (see Table “Characteristics”) Power Dissipation at TL = 75°C Maximum Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Ptot Tj TS 500(1) 150 -55 to +150 mW °C °C
Test Voltage VR (Volts)
2SC961电子产品数据册，包含产品说明、参数、规格等信息说明书
PART NO. MANUFACTURER
DESCRIPTION
URL
2SC961
Fuji-SVEA
Japanese 2S Transistor Cross Reference Datasheet
/2SC961-datasheet.html
/2SC962-datasheet.html
2SC962
N/A
Transistor Substitution Data Book /2SC962-datasheet.html 1993
2SC962
N/A
The Japanese Transistor Manual 1981
/2SC962-datasheet.html
2SC962
N/A
Shortform Transistor Datasheet Guide
/2SC962-datasheet.html
Products Catalog Index
PART NO. MANUFACTURER
DESCRIPTION
URL
2SC963
N/A
Shortform Transistor PDF Datasheet
/2SC963-datasheet.html
PRICE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE
QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE QUOTE
1/9
2SC961
N/A
The Japanese Transistor Manual 1981
Z86L86中文资料(zilog)中文数据手册「EasyDatasheet - 矽搜」
特征
ROM
设备
(KB)
Z86L88
16
Z86L81
24
Z86L86
32
Z86L87
16
Z86L89
24
Z86L73
32
注意： *一般用途
RAM*
（字节）
237 237 237 236 236 236
I/O Lines
23 23 23 31 31 31
电压 范围
crocontrollers提供快速执行,有效地利用memo-
RY,复杂中断,输入/输出位操作
功能,自动脉冲发生/接收,和IN
DS96LV00800
初稿
Z86L88/81/86/87/89/73
IR/L OW-V OLTAGE MICROCONTROLLER
– 可编程输入干扰滤波器脉冲
招待会
s 五优先级中断 - 三个外部 - 两个分配给计数器/定时器
28
P05P06P14P15P07VDDVDDP16P17XTAXLT2AL1
图6. 44引脚PLCC
引脚分配
DS96LV00800
初稿
5
以从具有这样实时应对表白程序 问题产生复杂波形或接收
和解调复杂波形/脉冲,Z86LXX 家庭提供一个新智能计数器/定时器架构
具有8位和16位计数器/定时器（图1）.还包括是大量用户可 选择模式,和两个在电路板比较来处理具有独立参考电 压（图2）模拟信号.
笔记： 所有信号与之前前斜杠"/",为低电平有效,例如 ,B // W（字是低电平有效）; / B / W（ BYTE是低电平有效,只）.
定时器16
和/或 Logic
Siemens 电子产品说明书
全集成自动化 — 机场解决方案西门子（中国）有限公司工业业务领域工业自动化集团驱动技术集团楼宇科技集团本宣传册中提供的信息只是对产品的一般说明和特性介绍。
文中内容可能与实际应用的情况有所出入，并且可能会随着产品的进一步开发而发生变化。
仅当相关合同条款中有明确规定时，西门子方有责任提供文中所述的产品特性。
宣传中涉及的所有名称可能是西门子公司或其供应商的商标或产品名称，如果第三方擅自使用，可能会侵犯所有者的权利。
如有变动，恕不事先通知订货号：E20001-A-0163-C700-X-5D007018-SH905836-05101西门子公司版权所有北方区北京北京市朝阳区望京中环南路7号邮政编码：100102电话：（010）6476 8888传真：（010）6476 4915济南济南市舜耕路28号舜华园商务会所5楼邮政编码：250014电话：（0531）8266 6088传真：（0531）8266 0836西安西安市高新区科技路33号高新国际商务中心28层邮政编码：710075电话：（029）8831 9898传真：（029）8833 8818天津天津市和平区南京路189号津汇广场写字楼1401室邮政编码：300051电话：（022）8319 1666传真：（022）2332 8833青岛青岛市香港中路76号青岛颐中皇冠假日酒店405室邮政编码：266071电话：（0532）8573 5888传真：（0532）8576 9963郑州郑州市中原中路220号裕达国贸中心写字楼2506室邮政编码：450007电话：（0371）6771 9110传真：（0371）6771 9120唐山唐山市建设北路99号火炬大厦1308房间邮政编码：063020电话：（0315）317 9450/51传真：（0315）317 9733太原太原市府西街69号国际贸易中心西塔16层1610B 邮政编码：030002电话：（0351）868 9048传真：（0351）868 9046乌鲁木齐乌鲁木齐市五一路160号鸿福饭店C 座918室邮政编码：830000电话：（0991）582 1122传真：（0991）584 6288洛阳洛阳市中州西路15号洛阳牡丹大酒店4层415房间邮政编码：471003电话：（0379）6468 0295传真：（0379）6468 0296兰州兰州市东岗西路589号锦江阳光酒店21层2111室邮政编码：730000电话：（0931）888 5151传真：（0931）881 0707石家庄石家庄市中山东路303号石家庄世贸广场酒店1309室邮政编码：050011电话：（0311）8669 5100传真：（0311）8669 5300烟台烟台市南大街9号金都大厦16F1606室邮政编码：264001电话：（0535）212 1880传真：（0535）212 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1306传真：（0575）8820 1632/1759南通南通市人民中路20号中城大酒店（汉庭酒店）9楼9988邮政编码：226001电话：（0513）8532 2488传真：（0513）8532 2058扬中扬中市扬子中路199号华康医药大厦703室邮政编码：212200电话：（0511）8327 566传真：（0511）8323 356华南区广州广州市天河路208号天河城侧粤海天河城大厦8-10层邮政编码：510620电话：（020）3718 2888传真：（020）3718 2164福州福州市五四路136号中银大厦21层邮政编码：350003电话：（0591）8750 0888传真：（0591）8750 0333南宁南宁市金湖路63号金源现代城 9层 935室邮政编码：530022电话：（0771）552 0700传真：（0771）556 0701深圳深圳市华侨城汉唐大厦9楼邮政编码：518053电话：（0755）2693 5188传真：（0755）2693 4245东莞东莞市南城区宏远路1号宏远大厦1403-1405室邮政编码：523087电话：（0769）2240 9881传真：（0769）2242 2575厦门厦门市厦禾路189号银行中心21层2111-2112室邮政编码：361003电话：（0592）268 5508传真：（0592）268 5505佛山佛山市汾江南路38号东建大厦19楼 K 单元邮政编码：528000电话：（0757）8232 6710传真：（0757）8232 6720海口海口市大同路38号海口国际商业大厦1042房间邮政编码：570102电话：（0898）6678 8038传真：（0898）6678 2118珠海珠海市景山路193号珠海石景山旅游中心229房间邮政编码：519015电话：（0756）337 0869传真：（0756）332 4473汕头汕头市金海湾大酒店1502房邮政编码：515041电话：（0754）848 1196传真：（0754）848 1195湛江湛江市经济开发区乐山大道31号湛江皇冠假日酒店1616单元邮政编码：524022电话：（0759）338 1616/3232 传真：（0759）338 6789西南区成都成都市人民南路二段18号川信大厦18/17楼邮政编码：610016电话：（028）8619 9499传真：（028）8619 9355重庆重庆市渝中区邹容路68号大都会商厦18层1809-12邮政编码：400010电话：（023）6382 8919传真：（023）6370 0612昆明昆明市北京路155号红塔大厦1204室邮政编码：650011电话：（0871）315 8080传真：（0871）315 8093攀枝花攀枝花市炳草岗新华街泰隆国际商务大厦B 座16层B2-2邮政编码：617000电话：（0812）335 9500/01传真：（0812）335 9718宜宾宜宾市长江大道东段67号华荣酒店0233号房邮政编码：644002电话：（0831）233 8078传真：（0831）233 2680绵阳绵阳市高新区火炬广场西街北段89号长虹大酒店四楼商务会议中心邮政编码：621000电话：（0816）241 0142传真：（0816）241 8950贵阳贵州省贵阳市新华路富中国际广场15层C 区邮政编码：550002电话：（0851）551 0310传真：（0851）551 3932西宁西宁市新宁路新宁花苑A 座紫恒国际公寓16楼21613室邮政编码：800028电话：（0971）550 3390传真：（0971）550 3390售后维修服务中心西门子工厂自动化工程有限公司（SFAE ）北京市朝阳区仙桥东路9号A1栋8层邮政编码：100016电话：（010）8459 7000传真：（010）8459 7070上海西门子工业自动化有限公司（SIAS ） 上海市中山南二路1089号徐汇苑大厦22-25楼邮政编码：200030电话：（021）5410 8666 传真：（021）6757 9500技术培训北京：（010）8459 7518上海：（021）6281 5933-305/307/308广州：（020）3810 2015武汉：（027）8548 6688-6400沈阳：（024）22949880/82518219重庆：（023）6382 8919-3002 技术资料北京：（010）6476 3726技术支持与服务热线电话：400-810-4288传真：（010）6471 9991E-mail ：*************************Web: 亚太技术支持（英文服务）及软件授权维修热线电话：（010）6475 7575传真：（010）6474 7474Email:***********************************银川银川市北京东路123号太阳神大酒店A 区1507房间邮政编码：750001电话：（0951）786 9866传真：（0951）786 9867塘沽天津经济技术开发区第三大街广场东路20号滨海金融街东区E4C 座三层15号邮政编码：300457电话：（022）5981 0333传真：（022）5981 0335东北区沈阳沈阳市沈河区北站路59号 财富大厦E 座13层邮政编码：110013电话：（024）8251 8111传真：（024）8251 8597大连大连市高新园七贤岭广贤路117号邮政编码：116001电话：（0411）8369 9760传真：（0411）8360 9468哈尔滨哈尔滨市南岗区红军街15号奥威斯发展大厦30层A 座邮政编码：150001电话：（0451）5300 9933传真：（0451）5300 9990长春长春市西安大路569号长春香格里拉大饭店401房间邮政编码：130061电话：（0431）8898 1100传真：（0431）8898 1087包头包头市钢铁大街 66号国贸大厦 2107室邮政编码：014010电话：（0472）590 8380传真：（0472）590 8385鞍山鞍山市铁东区园林路333号鞍山四海大酒店716室邮政编码：114010电话：（0412）6388 888传真：（0412）6388 716呼和浩特呼和浩特市乌兰察布西路内蒙古饭店15层1508房间邮政编码：010010电话：（0471）693 8888-1508传真：（0471）628 8269华东区上海上海市浦东新区浦东大道1号中国船舶大厦10楼邮政编码: 200120 电话: （021）3889 3889传真: （021）5879 5155 长沙长沙市五一大道456号亚大时代2101房邮政编码：410011电话：（0731）8446 7770传真：（0731）8446 7771南京南京市玄武区中山路228号地铁大厦18层邮政编码：210008电话：（025）8456 0550传真：（025）8451 1612武汉武汉市汉口江汉区建设大道709号建银大厦18层邮政编码：430015电话：（027）8548 6688传真：（027）8548 6668目录机场全集成自动化2机场的首选：SIMATIC 控制器可根据机场大小和吞吐量选择型号 4高效的操作和监视：SIMATIC HMI6从传送系统直至机场运行中心的统一通讯：SIMATIC NET8随需应变的可靠驱动解决方案 10功能强大的高效传感器：SIMATIC 传感器 14全集成智能楼宇控制系统 16多样的化的产品为您提供更多解决方案 17稳定可靠的配电系统 18致力于满足您的业务需求 20技术支持与服务 — 卓越的国际化技术支持与服务团队与您携手共步成功！ 22精彩实例：北京机场行李处理系统 24应用实例25机场是一个综合性项目，通过创新和整合推动一个机场的变革，使其运营更为高效以下是西门子为优化机场运营，提高客户满意度，增强机场安保措施，绿色节能等理念，提出的全方位系统解决方案。
GR-468-CORE中文版
XCS468专用芯片数据手册说明书
XCS468专用芯片数据手册一、 概述XCS468是一款高精度智能型锂电池充电芯片，具有集成度高，外部电路简单，调节方便，可靠性好，保护措施齐等特点。
该芯片采用脉宽调制方式充电，有涓流、恒流、恒压三种充电模式，内置高精度采样电路，电压判断精度高，充电饱和度高，具有多种故障保护功能，逆向漏电流小，与不同的外电路配合，可满足大多数锂电池充电要求。
二、 特性·双路LED 输出指示 ·支持双槽式充电器 ·脉冲宽度调制方式·涓流转恒流转恒压充电方式 ·短路、过温、过压保护功能 ·内置高精度采样电路 ·内置振荡发生电路·电压判断精度误差<±1％ ·充电饱和度≥90％ ·逆向漏电流小于0.1mA·电路性能稳定，抗干扰能力强三、 芯片管脚说明：GREEN VP ISOV VDD STDV STDC STDTPULSERED ADJUSTGND VN STDCOXT序号管脚名功能说明1 PULSE 充电PWM脉冲输出端2 RED 红色LED指示输出端3 ADJUST 充电电压微调端4 GND 地5 VN 接电池负极6 STDCO 充饱关断电流的参考标准输入端7 XT 温度输入端，接热敏电阻8 STDT 温度的参考标准输入端9 STDC 恒流充电电流的参考标准输入端10 STDV 恒压充电电压的参考标准输入端11 VDD 电源12 ISOV 恒压充电电压的输入端13 VP 接电池正极14 GREEN 绿色LED指示输出端四、 功能框图五、 芯片电参数芯片绝对最大额定值：限定值单位参数符号最小值典型值最大值电源电压Vdd 3 5 7 V输入口电压V -0.5 - Vdd+0.5 V保存温度Ts -65 - 150 ℃芯片工作参数：限定值单位参数符号最小值典型值最大值电源电压Vdd 4.5 5 5.5 V PULSE电流I pulse- 10 - mA PULSE频率F pulse - 9.4 - kHz 状态转换时间T tran- - 1.0 S六、 芯片功能描述1．上电后GREEN和RED管脚同时输出高电平1秒钟；2．当电池没有装入时GREEN和RED管脚输出低，指示无电池；3．当电池插入且VP管脚电压<2.5V时，进行涓流充电，PULSE 管脚输出小占空比的方波，RED管脚输出频率为1Hz的方波；4．当电池插入，VP管脚电压<2.5V且ISOV管脚电压<STDV 管脚电压时，PULSE输出动态调节的脉宽，进行恒流充电，RED管脚输出高电平，指示正常充电；5．当电池插入且ISOV管脚电压≈STDV管脚电压时，进行恒压充电，PULSE输出的脉宽逐渐减小，RED管脚输出高电平，指示正常充电；6．当电池插入且VN管脚电压<STDCO管脚电压时，停止充电，GREEN管脚输出高电平，指示充饱；7．当电池插入，ISOV管脚电压＞STDV管脚电压时，认为电池过压，停止充电，GREEN管脚输出高电平；8．当VP管脚电压<2.5V时，PULSE输出的脉宽减小，进行短路保护，RED管脚输出频率为1Hz的方波；9．当XT管脚电压<STDT管脚电压时，PULSE输出的脉宽减小，进行过温保护，RED管脚输出频率为1Hz的方波；10．各种状态之间的转换时间小于1秒钟；七、 典型应用电路工作参数限定值参数符号单位最小值典型值最大值外部输入电压V in 5.0 5.2 6.2 V 涓流转恒流电压V min 2.0 2.5 3.0 V 涓流充电电流I pre 20 - 100 mA 恒流充电电流I rpd 250 300 350 mA 恒压充电电压V iso 4.14 4.20 4.24 V 充饱关断电流I co 20 40 60 mA 充电饱和度Rsat 90 - - ％逆向漏电流I leak- - 0.2 mA八、 典型应用电路九、 典型应用电路状态描述1．上电后绿色和红色LED同时点亮，显示橙色1秒钟；2．当电池没有装入充电器时LED灭，指示无电池；3．当电池插入且电池电压小于2.5V时，进行涓流充电，红色LED闪烁；4．当电池插入且电池电压2.5V<V bat<4.2V时，进行恒流充电，红色LED点亮，指示正常充电；5．当电池插入且电池电压V bat≈4.2V时，进行恒压充电，红色LED点亮，指示正常充电；6．当电池插入，电池电压Vbat>4.2V时，绿色LED点亮，停止充电,指示电池充饱；7．当电池插入且充电电流小于充饱电流时，绿色LED点亮，停止充电,指示电池充饱；8．当VP和VN端短路时，红色LED闪烁，指示短路故障；9．当电池温度超过允许值时，红色LED闪烁，指示电池过温；十、 典型应用电路说明1．可调节R4,R5,R6,R7的阻值，得到不同的恒流、过温、充饱关断电流的参考电压；2．可调节R13得到不同的过温输入电压；3．可调节R8,R9得到不同的恒压输入电压；4．可调节R12得到不同的过压电压值；5．可调节R10,R11并决定是否短路k1,k2来精确的得到恒压电压值；6．可以调节R15得到不同的充电电流输入电压；。
1645560-1高速板内联接器，板到板，144位，对齐极化，12行，12列，Z-PACK2mmHM
1645560-1High Speed Backplane Connectors, Board-to-Board, 144 Position, Mating Alignment, Polarization Mating Alignment Type, 12 Row, 12 Column, Z-PACK 2mm HM06/29/2022 11:19PM | Page 1For support call+1 800 522 6752Connectors > PCB Connectors > Backplane Connectors >High Speed ConnectorsNumber of Rows:12Mating Alignment Type:PolarizationMating Alignment:WithNumber of Positions:144Connector System:Board-to-BoardFeaturesProduct Type Features Connector SystemBoard-to-Board PCB Connector Assembly Type PCB Mount Header Shroud Style Partially Shrouded SealableNoConnector & Contact Terminates To Printed Circuit BoardConfiguration Features Number of Signal Positions 144Number of Positions 144Number of Rows 12Number of Columns 12PCB Mount Orientation Vertical Guide Location UnguidedContact FeaturesContact Current Rating (Max).7 AMechanical Attachment 1645560-1 ACTIVEZ-PACK TE Internal #:1645560-1High Speed Backplane Connectors, Board-to-Board, 144 Position, Mating Alignment, Polarization Mating Alignment Type, 12 Row, 12 Column, Z-PACK 2mm HMView on >Z-PACK 2mm HM|Contact Current Rating (Max).7 AMechanical AttachmentMating Alignment WithMating Alignment Type PolarizationConnector Mounting Type Board MountHousing FeaturesNumber of Shrouded Sides2Centerline (Pitch) 2 mm[.079 in]Dimensions2 inUsage ConditionsOperating Temperature Range-55 – 125 °C[-67 – 257 °F]Operation/ApplicationCircuit Application SignalPackaging FeaturesPackaging Method TubeProduct ComplianceFor compliance documentation, visit the product page on >EU RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU CompliantEU ELV Directive 2000/53/EC CompliantChina RoHS 2 Directive MIIT Order No 32, 2016No Restricted Materials Above ThresholdEU REACH Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006Current ECHA Candidate List: JAN 2022(223)Candidate List Declared Against: JAN 2022(223)Does not contain REACH SVHCHalogen Content Not Low Halogen - contains Br or Cl > 900ppm.Solder Process Capability Not applicable for solder process capabilityProduct Compliance DisclaimerThis information is provided based on reasonable inquiry of our suppliers and represents our current actual knowledgebased on the information they provided. This information is subject to change. The part numbers that TE has identified asEU RoHS compliant have a maximum concentration of 0.1% by weight in homogenous materials for lead, hexavalentchromium, mercury, PBB, PBDE, DBP, BBP, DEHP, DIBP, and 0.01% for cadmium, or qualify for an exemption to theselimits as defined in the Annexes of Directive 2011/65/EU (RoHS2). Finished electrical and electronic equipment productswill be CE marked as required by Directive 2011/65/EU. Components may not be CE marked. Additionally, the partnumbers that TE has identified as EU ELV compliant have a maximum concentration of 0.1% by weight in homogenous06/29/2022 11:19PM | Page 2 For support call+1 800 522 675206/29/2022 11:19PM | Page 3For support call+1 800 522 6752numbers that TE has identified as EU ELV compliant have a maximum concentration of 0.1% by weight in homogenous materials for lead, hexavalent chromium, and mercury, and 0.01% for cadmium, or qualify for an exemption to these limits as defined in the Annexes of Directive 2000/53/EC (ELV). Regarding the REACH Regulation, the information TE provides on SVHC in articles for this part number is based on the latest European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) ‘Guidance on requirements for substances in articles’ posted at this URL: https://echa.europa.eu/guidance-documents/guidance-on-reachPCB Latches, Locks & Retainers(1)PCB Ferrules & Shields(19)PCB Connector Shrouds(39)PCB Connector Covers(4)Insertion & Extraction Tools(2)High Speed Backplane Connectors(1)Hard Metric Backplane Connectors (269)Board-to-Board Connector Contacts(2)Backplane Power Connectors(6)Backplane Guide Hardware(37)Backplane Connector Housings(4)Backplane Coding Keys(60) TE Part #1645569-112 ROW HM RA REC ASY 072P LFTTE Part #1645568-112 ROW HM RA REC ASY 144P CTRCompatible PartsAlso in the Series Z-PACK 2mm HM06/29/2022 11:19PM | Page 4For support call+1 800 522 6752TE Part #750831-2.050SR F SCRLK KIT,SL LN,BULKTE Part #5222462-1RECEPTACLE,PRESS FIT,COML BNCTE Part #34110SOLIS R 22-16 COMM 22-18 MIL 6TE Part #86016-1MOD IV RECP LPTE Part #1053372-12062 8001 90,OSM JACK, QPLTE Part #1934305-1Tin Man Header Assy 4x8OpenTE Part #5536019-5ASSY,PIN,EUROCARD,TYPE R,LEAD-FREE,96 POTE Part #91515-1CCII TYPE III+ MNL PIN SKT 30-20 ASSYTE Part #1658694-1AMP-LATCH UNV HDR,20 POSN,VERTRectangular Power Connectors(87)Customers Also BoughtDocumentsProduct Drawings2MMHM HDR ASY,12R SEL/LD 144 PEnglish CAD Files3D PDF3DCustomer View ModelENG_CVM_CVM_1645560-1_A.2d_dxf.zipEnglishENG_CVM_CVM_1645560-1_A.2d_dxf.zipEnglishCustomer View ModelENG_CVM_CVM_1645560-1_A.3d_igs.zipEnglishCustomer View ModelENG_CVM_CVM_1645560-1_A.3d_stp.zipEnglishBy downloading the CAD file I accept and agree to the of use.Terms and ConditionsProduct SpecificationsApplication SpecificationEnglish06/29/2022 11:19PM | Page 5 For support call+1 800 522 6752。
PLC中文手册与结构化文本编程
此手册供开放式架构数控系统PA 8000的PLC编程人员参考使用，编程人员在进行PLC编程之前请仔细阅读本手册。
手册中将介绍如何利用系统中自带的PLC编程工具进行编程,同时介绍编程指令及格式等，手册中的编程格式为ST，其它的编程格式不详细介绍。
最后将以一铣床的PLC程序为例加深对程序的理解为了使手册更加通俗易懂，手册中并没有介绍所有的与PLC相关的内容，用户如有需要可向机床制造商索取专门的介绍资料。
希望调试人员能通过对本手册的阅读更快地熟练PLC编程。
PLC-1131-S3为PLC编程提供了一个完善的环境，为PLC程序员处理各种程序提供了一个简单而又功能强大的途径，它的编程和调试基于完善的环境和高级编程语言(类似与Visual C++)。
2.1PLC-1131-3 DS功能简介工程文件的结构:工程文件的后缀名为pro，在新工程中建立的第一个程序结构单元(Program Organization Unit)将被自动命名为PLC_PRG，这个程序结构单元就类似于C 语言中的主程序。
在PLC_PRG中可以调用各种函数及功能块，而函数和功能块都属于程序结构单元。
PLC-1131-3 DS能够区分在同一工程中的不同对象:程序结构单元(POU)数据类型(data types)资源(resources)工程的设置:1) 首先应该设置PLC的输入输出以保证工程中使用的地址的准确性。
2)接着建立解决问题的程序结构单元3) 选择适当的语言编写程序4) 写好程序之后，对程序进行编译去除程序中的所有错误。
工程的测试:当工程之中的所有错误被去除之后激活仿真模式，就是与仿真PLC连接，与此同时将工程下载到PLC中，这样PLC-1131-3 DS就处于在线方式了。
现在能以适当的顺序测试工程了，手动改变输入变量的值，观察输出是否正确。
用PLC-1131-3DS调试程序当程序发生错误时，你可以设置断点。
当处理发生中断时，你就可以及时的在断点处检查所有工程变量的值。
兆芯 指令集
兆芯指令集
兆芯指令集（Megacore Instruction Set）是一种针对数字信号处理（DSP）应用设计的指令集架构（ISA）。
它是由Altera公司开发的，用于控制和处理FPGA芯片上的数字信号，具有高效、灵活和可定制
等优点。
兆芯指令集由两个部分组成：64位的指令字和32个通用寄存器。
指
令字包括16位操作码、12位目的寄存器、12位源寄存器和24位立
即数或位移量。
通用寄存器有32个，其中r0仅用于零寄存器，r1作
为程序计数器（PC）。
在兆芯指令集中，常用的指令包括算术操作、逻辑操作、比较操作、
移位操作和分支操作等。
算术操作包括加法、减法、乘法、除法和模
除等；逻辑操作包括与、或、异或和非等；比较操作包括等于、大于、小于和不等于等；移位操作包括左移、右移和循环移位等；分支操作
包括条件分支和无条件分支等。
与其他指令集架构相比，兆芯指令集有以下优点：
第一，灵活可定制。
由于FPGA芯片具有高度的可编程性，因此可以
根据应用程序的需要，在不同的硬件配置下设计和实现定制化的指令
集。
第二，高效可靠。
由于兆芯指令集的操作码只有16位，因此指令字长度较短，执行效率较高，能够实现高速处理数字信号。
第三，容易设计和实现。
由于兆芯指令集具有简单的指令格式和少量的寄存器，因此可以减少设计和实现的复杂度，提高开发效率和可靠性。
总之，兆芯指令集是一种针对数字信号处理应用设计的指令集架构，具有高效、灵活和可定制等优点。
它在FPGA芯片上的数字信号处理应用方面具有重要的应用价值。