建筑英语对照
常用建筑术语中英文对照l
常用词语汇总ground floor （建筑的）地面首层façade幕墙plan 平面elevation 立面section 剖面、截面Master plan 总平面Site plan 地形平面Landscape plan 景观平面Fin 肋Louver 百叶Aluminum panel 铝板Paving 铺地；铺路材料Column柱子Circular/round Column 圆形柱子Square column 方形柱子Court 庭院Podium 矮墙，墩座墙Parapet 护栏，矮护墙Railing 扶手Balustrade 栏杆Retaining wall 挡土墙Balcony阳台Bay 单元Sunshade 遮阳装置Spandrel 拱肩，层间带；上下层窗空间；楼梯下三角空间Spandrel panel 拱肩面板Spandrel glass 拱肩玻璃View angle 相机角度View 视角Camera 相机，视角Dusk/sunset view/ shot 黄昏景Day view 日景Night view 夜景Slab 楼板Ceiling 天花Soffit 拱腹（一般指天花的吊顶）Recess 凹入Downlight 筒灯，嵌灯Footbridge 人行桥Pier 桥墩，码头Rendering 效果图Animation [,æni'meiʃən] 动画Model 模型Massing 体块TYP=typical 标准day view 日景window frames 窗框move forward 向前移动context场景recessed areas.凹嵌区域=recessed zones perforation 镂空样式markup 标记=commentghosted context 虚幻背景Eye level视线水平线Interior 室内的；内景的Perspective 透视图Aerial俯视图Semi-Aerial 半俯视图Screenshots截图Clear glass 清玻璃Frit glass 釉玻璃Frosted glass 磨砂玻璃;毛玻璃；霜花玻璃Ghost 虚化Joint line 接缝线Horizontal band 横带Sketchup 模型Vestibule 门厅Finishes 材质；边角处理；抛光剂；成品Texture 纹理Level 楼层Cove light 嵌灯Revolving door 十字形旋转门Sliding glass door 滑动玻璃门Clerestory 天窗Canopy 天棚，顶棚Tensible structure 张拉棚结构Patio 露台，天井Corridor 走廊Cove 凹槽Mullion （窗子的）竖框，细框Lift lobby 升降机门廊Amenity 便利设施Spiral 螺旋；螺旋状的Dropped ceiling 吊棚Seam 缝合处，缝合线Elliptic 椭圆的Tilted 倾斜的Stainless 不锈钢的Concrete panel 水泥面板Subdivision 细分；分部Mental profile 金属包边Speaker 喇叭Cladding 覆面Bulkhead 隔板，防水壁Colored solid 有色固体Balcony slab 阳台板Charcoal ['tʃɑ:kəul] grey 炭灰色；深灰色Void 空隙Fire shutter 防火卷帘门；防火门；防火闸；防火百叶窗Translucent 透明的，半透明的Placement 布置Turf 草皮；附草皮于Roller shade at the window 窗户卷帘Swings tableGranite walls 花岗岩墙Cantilever 悬臂（梁）Trellis 格子，框架Perforated screen 穿孔屏风Facade screen 幕墙屏风Grid 格子Thin louver 细百叶Faceted 有小面的Smooth curve 圆滑的弧线Double height terrace 双层露台Hot spots= spots of light 光斑Wash of light 洗墙灯Cool light 冷色光Residential cantilever 住宅楼悬臂。
建筑专业英语词汇 中英文对照
结构工程常用词汇混凝土：concrete钢筋：reinforcin g steel bar 钢筋混凝土：reinforced concrete （RC）钢筋混凝土结构：reinforced concrete structure 板式楼梯：cranked slab stairs 刚度：rigidity徐变：creep水泥：cement钢筋保护层：cover to reinforce ment梁：beam 柱：column 板：slab 剪力墙：shear wall 基础：foundatio n剪力：shear形：shear deformati on剪切模量：shear modulus 拉力：tension压力：pressure 延伸率：percentag e of elongation 位移：displacem ent应力：stress应变：strain应力集中：concentra tion of stresses 应力松弛：stress relaxation 应力图：stress diagram 应力应变曲线：stress-strain curve应力状态：state of stress 钢丝：steel wirehoop reinforce ment箍筋间距：stirrup spacing加载：loading抗压强度：compressi ve strength 抗弯强度：bending strength 抗扭强度：torsional strength 抗拉强度：tensile strength 裂缝：crack屈服：yield屈服点：yield point 屈服荷载：yield load屈服极限：limit of yielding 屈服强度：yield strength屈服强度下限：lower limit of yield荷载：load横截面：cross section承载力：bearing capacity 承重结构：bearing structure 弹性模量：elastic modulus预应力钢筋混凝土：prestresse d reinforced concrete 预应力钢筋：prestresse d reinforce ment预应力损失：loss of prestress 预制板：precast slab现浇钢筋混凝土结构：cast-in-place reinforced concrete 双向配筋：two-way reinforce ment主梁：main beam次梁：secondary beam弯矩：moment 悬臂梁：cantilever beam延性：ductileity 受弯构件：member in bending 受拉区：tensile region受压区：compressi ve region 塑性：plasticity 轴向压力：axial pressure 轴向拉力：axial tensioncrane beam可靠性：reliability 粘结力：cohesive force外力：external force弯起钢筋：bent-up bar弯曲破坏：bending failure屋架：roof truss 素混凝土：non-reinforced concrete 无梁楼盖：flat slab配筋率：reinforce ment ratio 配箍率：stirrup ratio泊松比：Poisson’s ratio偏心受拉：eccentric tension偏心受压：eccentric compressi oneccentric distance疲劳强度：fatigue strength偏心荷载：eccentric load跨度：span跨高比：span-to-depth ratio跨中荷载：midspan load框架结构：frame structure 集中荷载：concentra ted load 分布荷载：distributio n load分布钢筋：distributio n steel挠度：deflection 设计荷载：design load度：design strength 构造：constructi on简支梁：simple beam截面面积：area of section 浇注：pouring浇注混凝土：concreting 钢筋搭接：bar splicing刚架：rigid frame脆性：brittleness 脆性破坏：brittle failure。
常用建筑词汇中英对照
常用建筑设计词汇中英对照Gross Floor Area (GFA) Saleable area Construction area Gross Plot Ratio (GPR) Site areaBuilding coverage Building foot print Green coverageNet Floor Area (NFA) Useable area EfficiencyCommon areaSite Boundary Green Buffer Waters Reserve BasementSemi Basement Neighborhood PrecinctGuard house Refuse Chamber Club House Residential Block Dwelling UnitLiftLift WellLift LobbyEntrance Lobby Letter Boxes Entrance DoorFire-Rated Door Glass Curtain Wall WindowBay WindowFull height Window Alum. Window UPVC Window Casement Window Sliding WindowTop-Hung Window Alum. Louvered Vent Foyer 地上建筑面积销售面积工程建筑面积容积率占地面积/ 用地面积建筑密度基底面积绿化率净建筑面积使用面积得房率公共面积红线绿线蓝线地下室半地下室住宅区小区门卫室垃圾房会所住宅楼栋套/户电梯电梯井候梯厅单元入口门厅信报箱入户门防火门玻璃幕墙窗飘窗落地窗铝合金窗塑钢窗平开窗推拉窗上悬窗铝合金百叶门厅/玄关1Living RoomDining Room KitchenService Balcony Toilet / BathStore RoomStudyVanity Top BedroomMaster BedroomA/C LedgeHeating System BalconyTerraceBarrier-freeRampStaircaseScissors Staircase Smoke Stop Lobby Fire WallFire Compartment Fire Hose ReelFire Extinguisher DuctExhaust DuctLift Machine Room RoofFire Control Room Heat Exchange Station Pump RoomWater Tank Room Electrical Sub-Station Equipment Room Basement Car park Surface Car park Parking lotGarageLandscapeFire Engine Access FootpathDrivewayVehicleBicycleMotorcycle 客厅/起居室餐厅厨房服务阳台厕所/卫生间贮藏室书房盥洗台卧室主卧室空调机位采暖系统阳台露台无障碍坡道楼梯剪刀楼梯防烟前室防火墙防火分区室内消火栓手提灭火器管道井排气井电梯机房屋面消防控制室热交换站水泵房水箱间变配电室设备间地下车库地面停车场停车位车库（通常是指与别墅型住宅设计在一起的车库）景观消防车道步行道机动车道机动车自行车摩托车2Master planSite LayoutFloor PlanElevationSectionDetailConstruction Material Construction Practice Storey HeightBuilding HeightBuilding Set Back Building Spacing Platform LevelFloor Level1st Storey Floor LevelSea LevelSunlight AnalysisMajor Cold (solar term) Winter Solstice (solar term) ApronReinforced Concrete (R.C.) Precast 总平规划总平面图平面图立面图剖面图节点详图建筑材料工程做法层高建筑高度建筑退距建筑间距室外地坪标高楼层标高标高±0.000海拔标高/绝对标高日照分析大寒日冬至日散水钢筋混凝土预制3。
建筑术语中英对照表(全文完整)
建筑术语中英对照表（全文完整）下面是我为大家整理的建筑术语中英对比表（全文完整）,供大家参考。
A-frame A 型骨架 A-truss A 型构架 abrasion 磨耗；磨蚀 abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机 abrasive grinding machine 磨机(火石机) abrasive particle 磨粒 absorption 汲取 abutment 桥台；拱座 abutting end 邻接端 acceleration 加速 acceleration lane 加速车道 acceleration pedal 加速器踏板 accelerator 催凝剂；加速器；催化剂 acceptance criteria 接受准则 access 通路；通道 access door 检修门；通道门 access lane 进出路径 access panel 检修门 access point 入口处；出入通道处 access ramp 入口坡道；斜通道 access road 通路；通道 access shaft 竖井通道 access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 上落踏板；出入踏板access tunnel 隧道通道 accessible roof 可到达的屋顶；有通道的屋顶 accessory 附件；配件 accident 事故；意外 accidental collapse 意外坍塌 accommodate 装设；容纳 accredited private laboratory 认可私营试验室accumulator 储压器；蓄电池accuracy limit 精确度极限 acetylene cylinder 乙炔气(风煤)樽 acid plant 酸洗设备；酸洗机 acid pump 酸液泵 acid tank 酸液缸 acoustic couplant 声耦合剂acoustic coupler 声耦合器acoustic lining 隔音板acousticscreen 隔声屏 acrylic paint 丙烯漆料 acrylic sheet 丙烯胶片(阿加力胶片) active corrosion 活性腐蚀 active earth pressure 主动土压力active oxidation 活性氧化actual plot ratio 实际地积比率actuator 促动器；唧筒；激发器 adapt 改装 adaptor 适配器；适配接头(万能苏)；转接器；接合器 addition 增设；加建 additional building works 增补建筑工程additional horizontal force 额外横向力additional plan 增补图则 additional vent 加设通风口 additive 添加剂 adhesive 黏结剂；胶黏剂 adhesive force 附力 adit 入口；通路；坑道口 adjacent construction 相邻建筑物 adjacent level 相邻水平adjacent site 相邻地盘 adjacent street 相邻街道 adjoining area 毗邻地区 adjoining building 毗邻建筑物 adjoining land 毗邻土地adjoining structure 毗邻构筑物 adjustable 可调校 adjuster 调整器adjustment 调校；调整 admixture 掺合剂；外加剂 advance directional sign 前置指路标志；方向预报标志 advance earthworks 前期土方工程advance warning sign 前置警告标志 advance works 前期工程 aeration 灌气 aeration tank 曝气池 aerial 天线 aerial rapid transit system 架空快速运输系统 aerial ropeway 架空缆车系统 aerial view 俯视图aerofoil 翼型 aerosol 悬浮微粒；喷雾 affix 贴附 aftercooler 后冷却器 afterfilter 后过滤器 agent 作用剂；代理人 aggregate 骨料；集料；碎石aggregate area 总面积aggregate grading 骨料级配aggregate superficial area 表面总面积 aggregate usable floor space 总有用楼面空间 agitator 搅拌器；搅动机 air bleeding 放气 airblower 鼓风机air brake 气压制动器air circuit 空气回路air circuit breaker 空气断路器 air cleaner 空气滤清器 air compressor 空气压缩机air compressor governor 空气压缩机调压器air conditioning 空气调整 air cooled chiller 风冷式冷冻机 air cooler 空气冷却器 air cooling system 空气冷却系统；风冷系统 air coupling valve 空气联接阀 air curtain fan 风帘风扇 air cylinder 气缸；气筒 air damper 风闸；气流调整器 air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气安排器 air dryer 空气干燥器 air duct 通风管道；气槽 air entrained cement 加气水泥；伴水泥 air entraining agent 加气剂 air exhaust 排气口 air filter 空气滤器；风隔；隔尘网 air filter chamber 空气过滤室 air flowmeter 风量计；空气流量计 air gap 气隙 air grill 空气格栅 air inlet 进风口；进气孔 air inlet louver 进气百叶 air inlet port 进气口 air intake 进风口；进气孔；入气口air intake duct 进风槽 air intake filter 进气过滤器 air isolating cock 空气隔断旋塞 air line breathing apparatus 气喉型呼吸器具air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器 air outlet 出风口 air outlet grille 空气出口栅格 air particle 空气粒子 air passage 风道air pipe/pipework 通气管；送气管air piston 空气活塞air pressure gauge 气压表air pressure switch 气压掣air pressurization system 空气加压系统 air receiver 空气储存器 air reservoir 储气缸 air restrictor 空气节流器 air shuttle valve 阻气阀 air sprayer 喷涂器 air spring 空气弹簧 air strainer 空气隔滤器；空气滤网 air supply outlet 供气出口 air supply valve 供气阀 air tank 空气箱 air valve 进出气阀；放气阀 air valve pit 进出气阀井；放气阀井 air vent cock 通风管旋塞 air ventilator 空气通风器air-operated damper 气动风闸airshaft 通风竖井airtight cover 气密盖 airy dry varnish 风干清漆 alarm 警报；警报器 alarm bell 警钟 alarm buzzer 警报器 alga 水藻 align 对准；调直；定线alignment (road) 路线；线向(特指道路中线的位置与方向) alignment plan (road) 路线平面图 alkali-silica reaction 碱矽反应 alkaline aggregate reaction 碱性集料反应 alkaline pump 碱液泵 alkaline tank 碱液缸 alkalinity 碱度 all-purpose road 混合车道；综合车道alley 巷 allowable load 容许载重；容许荷载 allowable stress 容许应力 alloy 合金 alloy steel bar 合金钢筋条 alluvial deposit 冲积土层；冲积物 alteration 更改；改建；改动 alternating current (a.c.) 沟通电 alternative design 替代设计 alternative route 替代路线alternator 沟通发电机 aluminium tape 铝带 amber flashing light 黄色闪灯 ambient pressure 四周压力 ambient temperature 环境温度；四周温度amendment 修订amenities 市容建筑；设施；康乐设施amenity area 美化市容地带 amenity railing 美观栏杆 ammeter 电流表；安培计 ampere (A) 安培(电流量单位) amplification 放大；增加amplitude 幅；振幅 anchor 锚；锚竿支撑 anchor bearing 锚承；锚座anchor bolt 锚栓 anchor plate 锚碇板 anchorage 锚碇；碇泊区；抛锚区；锚固 anchorage length 锚固长度 anchoring strength 锚固强度ancillary building 附属建筑物ancillary facilities 附属设施ancillary installation 附带装置 ancillary works 附属工程 angle cutter 角铁切割机 angle iron bracket 角铁支架；角铁托架 angle probe 斜探头 angular velocity 角速度 annunciation lamp 警示灯annunciator 传播器；召唤器 anode 阳极 anode voltage 阳极电压antenna 天线 anti-corrosion paint 防蚀漆 anti-creep device 防溜装置anti-lift roller 防升滚轮anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-skid chequer 防滑格纹anti-skid device 防滑装置 anti-skid dressing 防滑钢沙 anti-skid material 防滑物料 anti-slip 防滑动；防空转；防打滑 anti-static chain 抗静电链anti-static tyre 抗静电轮胎anti-stripping agent 防剥剂anti-syphonage pipe 反虹吸管anti-tip roller 防倾侧滚轮anti-vibration mounting 防震装置 anti-vibration pad 防震垫 anvil 铁砧 aperture 隙缝；孔口 apex 顶尖 apparatus 仪器；装置；器具；器材appliance 用具；装置；设备applied covering 外加掩盖物applied load 外施荷载 approach 进路；引道；接驳道路；引桥 approach channel 进港航道；引渠 approach ramp 引道坡 approach road 引道；进路approach speed 来车速度approach taper 楔形引道路段approach viaduct 高架引道approved material 经批准的物料approved plan 经批准的图则 appurtenance 附属物 apron 跳板；护板；停机坪 arc 电弧 arc contact 电弧触点 arc runner 电弧滚环 arc welding 电弧焊接arch 拱；弓形；拱门architect 建筑师；则师architectural decoration 建筑装饰 architectural projection 建筑上的伸出物 area traffic control system 区域交通掌握系统 argon arc welding 氩气焊 armature 电枢 arrangement 排列；布置 arresting assembly 止动装置 arterial highway 干线道路arterial traffic 干线交通 article of agreement 合约细则artificial lighting 人工照明as-built drawing 竣工图则as-constructed drawing 竣工图则 asbestos abatement works 石棉拆除工程 asbestos cement 石棉水泥 asbestos gasket 石棉垫片 ash pit 排渣槽；灰坑 asphalt 沥青 asphalt distributor 沥青喷洒机 asphalt paver 沥青摊铺机 asphalt roofing 沥青屋面 asphaltic coating 沥青涂层 asphaltic concrete 沥青混凝土 aspirator 吸气器 assemblage 组合物 assembly 装置；组合 assessment 评估 associated works 相关工程；相关设施at-grade pedestrian crossing 地面行人过路处at-grade signal controlled junction 交通灯掌握地面路口atmospheric distillation 常压蒸馏 atmospheric pressure 大气压力；常压 atmospheric temperature 常温 atomization air fan 雾化空气风扇 attachment 附件；附属物 attenuation 衰减 audible signal 音响讯号 audible warning 音响警号 authorities 权限 authority 主管当局 authorized officer 获授权人员 authorized person 获授权人；认可人士；核准人士 authorized works 获授权进行的工程；批准进行的工程 automatic (spark) ignition device 自动(火花)点火装置 automatic control switch 自动掌握开关automatic operation 自动操作automatic release 自动脱扣 automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器 automatic weather station 自动气象站 automation equipment 自动化设备 auxiliary control panel 帮助掣板 auxiliary equipment 帮助设备 auxiliary feedwater pump 帮助给水泵 auxiliary feedwater tank 帮助给水箱 auxiliary plant 帮助厂房 auxiliary system 帮助系统 auxiliary water pump 帮助水泵 average compressive stress 平均压应力 average strength 平均强度 axial fan 轴流式风扇 axial force 轴向力 axial load 轴向载重；轴向荷载 axial stress 轴向应力 axle bearing 车轴轴承(车轴啤令) back-fire 逆火 back-up area 后勤地区；帮助埸地backfill 回填；回填土backfill material 回填物料background noise 本底噪声；背景噪声 backing plate 垫板；背板baffle 隔板；挡板 baffle plate 遮挡板 baffle wall 遮挡墙 balance tank 调整池；均衡槽 balance weight 平衡锤 balanced load 平衡载重balancer 平冲器 balancing pipeline 平衡水管 balcony 露台 ball bearing 滚珠轴承 ball valve 浮球阀；球形阀；波阀 ball-and-socket joint 球窝接头 ballast 道碴bamboo scaffolding 竹枝棚架 band brake 带式制动器 band clamp 带夹 banshee alarm 尖啸警报 bar 铁枝；杆；巴(压力气单位) bar tendon 钢筋 barging area 驳运地点 barrack 营房 barrel 管筒；芯管 barrette 方形桩 barricade 路障；障碍物barrier 栏栅；护栏；障碍物；屏障 barrier block 路障 barrier gate 路闸 barrier plate 阻挡板 base 基座 base course 路面下层；承重层；路基层 base frame 基架 base insulator 基架绝缘器 base plate 底板；垫板 base sealing 底部密封胶 base slab 平底板 base support 底座支架 baseline 基线；底线；基准线 baseline programme 基线方案basement 地库；地窖；地下室 batching plant 混凝土混和机；配料厂batter pile 斜桩battery 蓄电池battery acid level 电池酸位battery cell volt 蓄电池电压 battery charger 电池充电器 battery electric locomotive 电力机车battery electrolyte 电池电解液battery-powered device 电池推动装置 beacon 闪光指示灯 bead 焊珠beam 横梁 bearing 支座；支承；承座；轴承(啤令)；方向角 bearing capacity 承载力 bearing force 承重力量；承载力量 bearing pad 支承垫片；承重垫片 bearing pile 支承桩 bearing pin 支承栓钉 bearing plate 支承垫板 bearing stress 支承应力 bearing surface 支承面bedding 底层；层理 bedplate 座板 bedrock 基层岩 behaviour 性能；状况 Belisha beacon 斑马线灯；黄波灯 bellow pot 气囊；气囊筒 belt 带；皮带 belt conveyor 带式输送机 belt guard 皮带护罩 belt tension 皮带拉力bend 弯角；弯位；路弯；弯管 bending force 弯曲力 bending stress 弯曲应力 Benkelman beam test 贝克曼梁试验 bentonite 膨润土；膨土岩 berm channel 斜水平台渠 berth 停靠处；碇泊位 bevel 斜角；斜面 bias 偏移 bill of quantities 工料清单 binder 黏合料 bit 钻头 ...。
建筑英语中英文对照byIris
建筑英语中英文对照byIriso ring 圆形截面环oak 栎树oakum 麻絮obelisk 方尖碑object 对象object of construction production 工程项目oblique butt joint 斜对接oblique projection 斜投影oblique scarf 斜接榫oblique section 斜截面obscured glass 毛面玻璃observation 观测observation light 碍航物灯标observation of the work 操奏视observation point 观测点observational data 观测资料occupancy 居住occupancy load 收容能力;居住载荷occupancy rate 居住率occupant space requirements 居住空间标准occupants 居住者occupied zone 实占地域ocher 袅ochre 袅ocrate process 四氟化硅处理ocrated concrete 四氟化硅混凝土oder suppression 臭气排除odor 臭气odor control 四氟化硅处理odorimeter 气味计odour 臭气off center load 偏心荷重off formwork concreting 无模壳灌筑混凝土off grade size 不合格粒径off ground hauler 越野土运机off loading ramp 卸载斜坡道off peak electric heating 非峰期电供热off peak load 非峰值负载off peak period 非高峰时间off set joints 错缝off shore boring 海底钻探off shuttering concreting 无模壳灌筑混凝土off the site work 现场外工作office 机关office building 办公楼office furniture 办公室设备offset 突层offset bend 迂回管弯头offset yield strength 条件屈服强度offshore boring island 钻井平台offshore structures 海上结构物offstream storage 停运贮藏池ogee s形曲线ogee arch 葱形拱ogee curve s形曲线ohio cofferdam 俄亥俄围堰oil 油oil bath air filter 油浴空气过滤器oil buffer 液压缓冲器oil fired heater 烧油空气加热器oil fired heating system 烧油供热系统oil paint 油漆oil pipeline 油管oil stain 油蚀oil trap 集油器oil washed air cleaner 油浴空气过滤器oil well cement 油井水泥omnia concrete floor 咬封混凝土楼板omnia concrete plank 咬封混凝土板on job laboratory 工地实验室on off valve 双位阀on site connection 就地连接once through water supply system 单柳水系统ondol 炕one brick wall 单砖墙one centered arch 单心拱one coat work 单层粉刷one component material 单一性材料one degree system 单自由度系统one family dwelling 单户住宅one hand block 小型砌块one hand tile 小型砌块one hinged arch 单铰拱one off design 专用设计one off houses 临时房屋one pass aeration tank 单道曝气池one pipe circulation 单管式循环one pipe heating system 单管供热系统one pipe loop system 单管环路系统one pipe system 单管系统one room dwelling 单间住宅one roomed flat 单间公寓one side welding 单面焊one sided connection 单面连接one span two hinged frame 单跨度双铰接框架one storey house 单层房屋one way slab 单向配筋板one way street 单行道one way system 单向配筋方式one way valve 单向阀onramp 斜坡弯道opal glass 乳色玻璃opaque ceramic glazed tile 不透谜瓷釉瓷砖open air intake works 无压取水结构open air plant 露天装置open air water power plant 开启式水力发电站open boarding 开缝铺板法open box section 敞开箱形构造截面open caisson 沉井open caisson foundation 沉井基础open cornice 敞檐open cut tunneling 泌隧道工程open deck car park 开敞式停车建筑物open distribution 开启分送open ditch drainage 排水玫open drain 排水玫open drainage 排水玫open eaves 敞檐open expansion tank heating system 自由膨胀水箱式供热系统open floor 露瞄栅楼板open frame girder 空腹桁架梁open hood 开口式通气罩open joint 渺open mortise 开口榫眼open newel stair 露眯柱旋梯open pan mixer 敞口盘式混合料open parking structure 开敞式停车建筑物open pier construction 空架式突堤结构open piping 外露管道open pit 露天开采坑open plan 开敞布置open return steam heating system 直接蒸汽供热系统open riser stair 露盲步楼梯open roof 露幂顶open section 开口断面open sheathing 版面疏松的衬板open sheeting 版面疏松的衬板open slating 疏铺石板open space 空地open stairway 露氓梯open steam heating system 直接蒸汽供热系统open storage area 露天堆场open storage ground 露天堆场open storm drainage 露藐水排水沟open tendering 公开招标open territory 空旷地区open timber floor 露木楼板open timbering 版面疏松的衬板open traverse 开路导线open type exhaust canopy 开式排气雨棚open valley 屋面天沟open vent 开式通风口open web 空腹open web girder 空腹大梁open web steel joist 空腹钢铁托梁open well 露幂井open well stair 露幂井楼梯open wharf 透空式码头open wiring 眠布线opening 孔opening bridge 开合桥opening light 开敞式窗洞opening of bids 开表openwork jetty 透空式码头opera house 歌剧院operable partition 开闭式间壁operable transom 开敞式气窗operable wall 开闭式间壁operating floor 操专operation 操作operation drawing 加工图operation schedule 椎程序operational range 操锥围operational waste 操耗operator 操妆optical sag 视光垂度optical square 光学直角器optimal design 优化设计optimization 最优化optimum city size 最佳城市大小optimum condition 最佳条件optimum design 最佳设计opus latericium 嵌砖混凝土墙opus quadratum 方石筑墙or equal specification 被承认等同的技术条件orbit 轨道orchard garden 果园order 柱型式样order of technical assignment 技术任务指令orderly construction territory 有次序的工程地区ordinary concrete 普通混凝土ordinary construction 一般构造ordinary dense concrete 普通密实的混凝土ordinary lime mortar 普通灰浆ordinary portland cement 普通硅盐水泥ordinary red brick 普通红砖ordinary reinforcedconcrete 普通钢筋混凝土ordinary structuralconcrete 普通结构混凝土ordinate 纵坐标ordnance bench mark 水准基点organic binder 有机粘结剂organic content 有机质含量organic impurity 有机不洁物organic silt 有机质淤泥organic test 有机物试验organic wastes 有机废水organism of production 生产组织organization 机构oriel 凸窗oriental type park 东方式公园orientation of building 房屋定位orifice meter 孔极量计orifice tube test 坍落度筒测定origin of force 着力点original cross sectional area 起始横截面面积original drawing 原图ornament 装饰ornamental architecture 盛饰建筑ornamental concrete 装饰混凝土ornamental concrete finishing 装饰混凝土修整ornamental forest 风景林ornamental glass 装饰玻璃ornamental motif 装饰肘ornamental panelling 装饰镶板ornamental part 装饰配件orthogonal anisotropic plate 正交蛤异性板orthogonal projection 正投影orthography 正投影orthotropic plate 正交蛤异性板orthotropic structures 正交蛤异性结构oscillating machinery 振动机械oscillating screen 振动筛oscillation 振动oscillation conveyor 振荡式输送机osmose 渗透ossature 骨胳out port 外港outbuilding 附属房屋outdoor air 外伸架临时顶撑outdoor air inlet 外部空气outdoor exposure test 野外曝露试验outdoor furniture 户外七outdoor installation 户外装置outdoor paint 室外用油漆outdoor power station 开启式水力发电站outdoor powerhouse 开启式水力发电站outdoor temperature 室外温度outer court 外院outer door 外门outer fiber 外部纤维outer forces 外力outer harbor 外港outer lining 外门窗框outer slope 外侧坡度outer string 楼梯外侧小梁outer support 外支座outer wall 外墙outfall 排水口outfit 装置outflow channel 泄水渠outhouse 屋外厕所outlay of production 生产经费outlet box 引出箱outlet opening 排出口outlet tunnel 排水隧道outline 轮廓outline drawing 轮廓图outline of house 房屋轮廓outline specification 一般技术规格outmost fiber 外部纤维output data 输出数据outrigger 外伸架outrigger base 悬臂板outrigger scaffold 排出脚手架outrigger shore 外伸架临时顶撑outside air 外部空气outside air opening 外部空气通道outside architrave 外门窗框outside casing 外门窗框outside coating 外部涂刷outside column 外部柱outside corner moulding 角条outside door 外门outside film coefficient 外表面传热系数outside finish 外饰面outside foundation line 外部地基线outside glazing 外部装配玻璃outside scaffolding 外部脚手架outside temperature 室外温度outside wall 外墙outside window 外部窗outstreet 郊区outwork 野外椎oval arch 椭圆形拱oven 炉ovendry wood 烘干木材over dwelling 居住区过密over mortared concrete mix 多灰浆混凝土混合料overall coefficient of heattransfer 总传热系数overall depth of section 截面总高度overall dimensions 综合尺寸overall height 总高度overall length 总长overall size 总尺寸overbridge 天桥overburden 复盖层overburden excavator 剥土电铲overburden pressure 积土压力overburden stripping 覆盖层剥除overcrossing 上跨交叉overcrowded city 挤集型城市overcrowding 拥挤过度overdesign 超裕度设计结构overdeveloped city 过度发展的城市overdevelopment 地下水池的枯燥overdosage 超量配料overfall gap 溢水口overflow dam 溢劣overflow pipe 溢淋overflow stand 溢淋overground part 地上部分overhand work 从内墙砌砖overhang 悬突体overhaul 大修overhead crane 高架起重机overhead crane girder 桥式吊车梁overhead distribution 架空配电overhead door 升降门overhead heating system 上分式供热系统overhead illumination 天花板照明overhead line 架空线路overhead pipeline 架空管道overhead water storage tank 高架蓄水箱overhead welding 仰焊overhead wire 架空线路overhead work 高空工作overhung door 悬挂式推拉门overlap 重迭overlapping construction schedule 综合施工进度表overlay paper 混凝土覆盖纸overload 过载overload limiter 超载限制器overload protection 过载保护overlying ground 上面覆盖overpass 上跨桥overpass for pedestrians 高架人行道overpressure protection 超压防护oversailing course 挑出砖层oversanded mix 多砂混合料oversite concrete 地基混凝土板层overslabbing 混凝土板铺路overstressing 超限应力overstretching 超限应力overturning moment 倾覆力矩overvibration 过度振动owner 甲方owner architect agreement 所有人和建筑师合同owner contractoragreement 所有人和承包人合同owner's inspector 甲方检查员oxidation capacity 氧化能力oxidation column 氧化塔oxidation lagoon 氧化池oxidation pond 氧化池oxide 氧化物oxidized linseed oil 氧化亚麻油oxyacetylene cuttingtorch 氧快切割机oxychloride cement 氯氧水泥oxygen 氧oxygen deficit 缺氧oxygenator 氧合器ozonation 臭氧处理ozonator 臭氧化发生器ozone 臭氧ozone treatment 臭氧处理ozonized air 缺氧ozonizing chamber 臭氧化窒pack 束package dealer 总承包者packaged air conditioner 小型空气第器packaged boiler 移动式锅炉packaged building program 综合建筑计划packaged concrete 包装混凝土packed heat insulation 填充式绝热packed joint 堵塞接缝packing 填满packless valve 无填料阀pad 承梁垫石padding 涂底漆paddle 小闸门paddle aerator 叶轮式曝气器paddle loader 桨叶式装载机paddle mixer 桨叶式搅拌机padlock 挂锁padstone 承梁垫石pagoda 塔pail 水桶paint 颜料paint base 油漆打底paint blaster 涂料喷雾器paint brush 漆刷paint gun 喷漆枪paint ingredient 涂料成分paint kettle 油漆锅paint peeling 涂漆层剥皮paint pot 油漆锅paint roller 漆滚筒paint spray gun 喷涂枪paint spraying 喷漆paint spraying machine 喷漆机painter's hand tools 漆工手工具painting 涂油漆painting work 涂装工作pair of doors 双门palace 宫殿palatial architecture 宫殿式建筑pale 桩palette knife 但刀paling 栏栅palisade 栏栅pallet 但板palletized load 架装荷载pan 铰链孔pan floor 盘式楼板pan humidifier 盘式加湿器pan mixer 盘状拌和机pane 窗玻璃pane of glass 门墙玻璃块panel 镶板panel air system 嵌入式空气系统panel built house 预制墙板式房屋panel construction 壁板式构造panel cooler 板式冷却器panel cooling 嵌入式降温panel door 镶板门panel heating 板壁供热panel lighting 格式照明panel load 节点载荷panel node 节点panel point 节点panel radiator 嵌入式散热器panel shuttering 镶板式模壳panel strip 嵌条panel type house 预制墙板式房屋panel wall 幕墙panel work 镶板工作panelled ceiling 格子平顶panelling 镶板pantile 波形瓦pantry 备餐间paper 纸paper backed lath 用纸鬃层的板条paper board 纸板paper filter 纸过滤器paper form 纸模papering 糊纸parabola 抛物线parabolic arch 抛物线拱parabolic curve 抛物曲线parabolic girder 抛物线梁parabolic shell 抛物线状薄壳paraffin 蜡parallel chord truss 平行弦桁架parallel flow heatexhanger 并两热交换器parallel lay rope 顺扭交绳parallel stair 平行楼梯parallel swivel bench vice 平行轮轴钳工台虎钳parallel wire unit 平行钢丝束parallelepiped 平行六面体parallelism 平行parallelogram 平行四边形parallelogram of forces 力平行四边形parameter 参数parapet 女儿墙parent matrix 原结合料pargeter 灰泥工paring chisel 消錾park 公园park architecture 公园建筑parker truss 帕克式桁架parking area 停车场parking lot 停车场parking place 停车场parking tower 塔式停车处parkway 林荫干道parlour 接待室parquet 拼花地板parquet block 镶木地板条块parquet floor 镶木地板part 零件part drawing 零件图part in bending 受弯部分part in compression 受压部分part in tension 受拉部分part swing shovel 部分旋转式电铲partial air conditioning 局部空调partial cover plate 部分盖板partial prestressing 部分的预应力partial safety factors 部分安全系数partially drowned weir 局部潜堰partially prestressed composite construction 部分预应力组合结构partially separate system 部份分僚水系统particle 粒子particle board 碎木板particle shape 颗粒形状particle size 粒子大小particle size analysis 粒度分析particle sizedistribution 粒径分布particle size distribution curve 粒度分布曲线parting agent 脱模隔离涂料partition 隔板partition beam 隔壁梁partition block 隔墙块partition board 隔墙板partition tile 隔壁用花砖partition wall of glass bricks 玻璃块间壁party wall 共用隔墙pass 通道passage 通道passageway 通道passenger elevator 乘客电梯passenger flow 旅客怜passenger lift 乘客电梯passive earth pressure 被动地压paste 软膏paste content 浆状物含量paste paint 厚漆paste volume 浆状物含量pat 试饼pat mortar 扁饼灰泥patand 地梁patching 补坑patching compound 修补混合料patching mix 修补混合料patent glazing 无油灰装玻璃paternoster 链斗式升降机path of seepage 渗哩路patio 庭院patten 柱基础patter 抹板pattern 模型pattern decoration 花样装饰patterned finish 花纹装修patterned paper 花纹纸patternmaker 制模工人paumelle 可折较链paved median 铺面中央分隔带paved shoulders 铺砌的路肩pavement 铺装pavement base 铺路基础pavement concrete 路面混凝土pavement design 路面设计pavement marking machine 路面标线机pavement overlay 路面罩面pavement saw 铺面锯机pavement slab 铺路板paver 混凝土搅拌摊铺机paver's hammer 铺砌工锤pavilion 展览馆分管凉亭pavilion roof 攒尖式屋顶paving asphalt 铺路沥青paving blocks 铺面块体paving brick 铺地砖paving flag 铺路石板paving slab 铺路板paving stone 铺路石paving train 联合铺路机pea gravel 豆粒砾石pea gravel grout 豆砾石薄浆pea grit 豆粒砾石pea shingle 豆粒砾石peak arch 尖拱peak demand 最大需要量peak discharge 最大量peak load 最大载荷peak stress 高最大应力pearl 珍珠pearlite 珍珠岩peasant market 农民市场peat 泥炭peat brick 泥炭砖peat soil 泥沼质土peaty soil 泥沼质土pebble 砾石pebble clarifier 砾石清净器pebble dash 小卵石涂抹pedestal 柱脚pedestal foot 大放脚pedestrian bridge 人行桥pedestrian guard rail 人行道栏杆pedestrian overcrossing 人行天桥pedestrian protection 行人保护装置pedestrian railing 人行桥栏杆pedestrian subway 人行隧道pedestrian traffic 行人交通pediment 人形墙peeling 剥皮peference mark 基准点peg 短桩pegging out 定界pell mell construction 抛筑pelleted mineral wool 颗粒状矿棉penalty 罚款penalty clause 违约罚金条款pencil 束pencil rod 细钢杆pendence 斜度pendentive dome 三角穹圆顶pendentives 穹隅pendulum 振子pendulum bearing 摇摆式支座pendulum saw 摆锯penetrability 透入性penetration 贯穿penetration probe 贯穿探针penetration test 贯入试验penetration treatment 浸透处理penning gate 直升式泄水闸门penstock 水压管pentagon 五角形penthouse 小棚屋penthouse apartment 屋顶公寓pentroof 单坡屋顶penumbra 半影percent compaction 压实百分数percent fines 细粒含量百分率percent of elongation 伸张度percent of void 孔隙率percentage by volume 体积百分率percentage by weight 重量百分比percentage reinforcement 配筋比率percolating water 渗透水percolation 渗漏percolation gauge 渗透计percussion drill hammer 冲魂锤percussion drilling 冲魂percussion penetration method 撞会入法perennial stream 常流perforated brick 有孔砖perforated casing well 滤管井perforated ceiling board 穿孔天花板perforated plate 凿孔板perforated wall 穿孔墙performancecharacteristic 工棕性performance test 性能试验perimeter 周边perimeter beam 圈梁perimeter grouting 周边管浆perimeter heating 周边供热perimeter wall 围墙perimeter zone 周边区域period 周期peripheral stress 圆周应力periphery 周围perlite 珍珠岩perlite concrete 珍珠岩混凝土perlite mortar 珍珠岩灰浆permafrost 永冻土带permanent construction 永久性结构permanent deflection 永久变位permanent deformation 残余变形permanent hardness 永久硬度permanent load 固定负载permanent moment 固定矩permanent position 固定位置permanent set 残余变形permanent shuttering 永久式模板permanent stream 常流permanent structure 永久性结构permeability 渗透性permeability apparatus 渗透装置permeability coefficient 渗透系数permeability of soil 土壤渗透性permeability reducing admixture 减渗外加剂permeable groyne 透水折劣permetallurigcal cement 炉渣水泥permissible deflection 允许挠度permissible load 容许荷载permissible stress 容许应力permissible stress method 容许应力法permissible velocity 容许速度permission 容许personnel job hoist 施工人员升降机perspective drawing 透视图pervibrator 插入式振捣器petroleum asphalt 石油沥青petroleum bitumen 石油沥青petroleum stove 石油火炉petroleum tar 石油焦油phantom drawing 透视图phase 相phenolic resin cement 酚醛尸水泥phenomena 现象photo elastic analysis 光弹性分析photo elastic test 光弹性试验photoelasticity 光弹性photograph 相片photometer 光度计photosynthesis 光合酌phreatic line 浸润线phreatic water 不承压地下水piano wire concrete 钢弦混凝土pick dressing 风镐修琢picket fence 尖桩篱栅picknometer 比重瓶piece 一块piedroit 墙壁平柱pier 桥墩pier cap 墩帽pier construction 支柱结构pier foundation 墩基础pier head power station 堤头水力发电站piezoelectric pick up 压电拾声器piezometer 压力计piezometer tube 测压管piezometric head 测压管水头piezometric level 测压管水位pig iron 生铁piggery 猪圈pigment 色素pigmented finish 着色装饰pilaster 附壁柱pilaster face 半露柱面部pilaster side 半露柱边pile 堆pile after driving 二次打桩pile and cribwork foundation 桩木格笼基础pile and fascine revetment 桩木排护岸pile band 桩箍pile bent 桩排架pile cluster 桩群pile dolphin 桩式系船柱pile drawer 拨桩机pile driver 打桩机pile driving 打桩pile driving by vibration 振动打桩pile driving equipment 打桩设备pile driving formula 打桩公式pile driving frame 打桩架pile driving hammer 桩锤pile driving plant 打桩装置pile driving pontoon 打桩船pile driving rig 打桩装置pile extension 接桩pile extractor 拨桩机pile ferrule 桩箍pile follower 打桩帽pile footing 桩基础pile foundation 桩基础pile framing 桩框架pile grillage 桩格排pile group 桩群pile hammer 桩锤pile head 桩头pile helmet 桩盔pile hoop 桩箍pile jacking 顶桩pile jetting 水冲沉桩pile load capacity 桩荷载容量pile pedestal 桩台座pile pier 桩式桥墩pile positioning 桩定位pile ring 桩箍pile row 桩列pile shoe 桩靴pile sinking 打桩pile splicing 接桩pile stockage 桩列pile tip 桩头pile toe 桩头pile top 桩头piled quay 横栈桥码头pilework 桩结构piling 排桩pillar 柱pillar crane 塔式起重机pilot channel 子槽pilot cut 子槽pilot flame 引燃火焰pilot lamp 指领示灯pilot trench 子槽pilot tunnel 导洞pimple 小突起pin 针pin connected construction 销连接结构pin connection 销连接pin ended column 栓端柱pin joint 销连接pinch bar 橇杆pine 松树pinholes 小孔pioneer road 施工便道pipe 管pipe anchor 管锚pipe bender 弯管器pipe bending machine 弯管器pipe box 绝热管套pipe bridge 输送管桥pipe casing 桩套管pipe clamp 管夹pipe coil 蛇形管pipe column 管柱pipe cooler 管式冷却器pipe cutter 割管机pipe cutting machine 截管机pipe erector 管安装工人pipe fitter 管安装工人pipe hanger 管吊架pipe in pipe 管套管热交换器pipe insulation 管绝缘pipe joint 管子接头pipe lagging 管绝缘pipe laying 装管工程pipe lifting tongs 管吊装夹具pipe losses 管道损失pipe rigging 管诉pipe run 管道pipe section 管道pipe shell 管外壳pipe thread sealing tape 管螺纹嵌缝带pipe tonge 管子钳pipe tracer 管保护用电加热带pipe transport of concrete 混凝土管输送pipe vice 管子虎钳pipe welding machine 焊管机pipelayer 管道安装工pipeline 导管pipeline construction 管道施工pipeline conveyance 管道运送pipeline heating and refrigerating 热冷供应管线pipeline refrigerating 冷供应管线pipeline transport 管道运输pipemaking machine 制管机pipeway 管沟pipework 配管piping 配管piping diagram 管系图pise 泥土建筑piston 活塞piston pump 活塞式泵pit 地坑pit gravel 坑砾石pitch 间距;斜角pitch pocket 松脂孔pitch streak 松脂孔pitched roof 斜屋顶pitched work 砌石护坡pitching stone 铺砌片石pivot 轴颈;旋转轴pivoted window 旋转窗place 位置placeability 可灌筑性placement of concrete 浇灌混凝土placing 铺设placing boom 灌筑吊杆placing of concrete 浇灌混凝土placing sequence 灌筑次序placing train 灌筑列车plain bars 普通钢筋plain cement 清水泥plain concrete 无筋混凝土plain concrete column 无筋混凝土柱plain concreteconstruction 素混凝土结构plain girder 实腹梁plan 设计图plan view 平面图plane 平面;刨子plane cross section 水平断面plane frame 平面桁架plane of bending 弯曲平面plane of failure 破坏面plane of projection 投影面plane of section 切面plane of shear 剪断面plane of symmetry 对称面plane of weakness 薄弱截面plane sections hypothesis 平断面假定plane stress analysis 平面应力分析plane surface 平表面planing bench 刨台plank 板材plank floor 木板床planned stage construction 按计划建设planning 规划planning of houses 住宅计划planning permission 建筑许可planning standard specification 设计标准技术规范plant 工厂plant and process ventilation 工厂工程换气plant mix 厂拌混合料plant mixed concrete 厂拌混凝土plant room 机械设备间planting 绿化plasma 等离子体plaster 烧石膏plaster base 抹灰底层plaster concrete 石膏混凝土plaster mixer 灰泥混合器plaster mortar 粉刷用灰浆plaster mould 石膏模型plaster of cement 水泥抹灰plaster of paris 烧石膏plaster panel 石膏纤维板plaster rendering 粉刷plaster skin coat 抹灰面层plaster throwing machine 喷投灰泥机plaster work 抹灰工事plasterboard 石膏纤维板plastered wall 抹灰的墙plasterer 粉刷工plasterer's float 抹灰工抹子plasterer's hair 抹灰用毛发plasterer's trowel 抹灰泥刀plastering machine 喷投灰泥机plastic aggregates 塑胶集料plastic behavior 塑性动态plastic binder 塑性粘合剂plastic clay 可塑粘土plastic concrete 塑性混凝土plastic consistency 可塑稠度plastic consistency of concrete 混凝土塑性稠度plastic cracking 塑性开裂plastic deformation 塑性变形plastic design 塑性论设计plastic equilibrium 塑性平衡plastic flow 塑性怜plastic furniture 塑料家具plastic hinge 塑胶铰链plastic limit 塑性极限plastic moment 塑性力矩plastic mortar 塑性灰浆plastic paint 塑料涂料plastic pipe 塑料管plastic plywood 塑料胶合板plastic range 塑性范围plastic road 塑料公路plastic shrinkage 塑性收缩plastic shrinkage cracking 塑性收缩开裂plastic soil 塑性土壤plastic state 塑性状态plastic strain 塑性变形plastic window lights 塑料玻璃plasticity 塑性plasticity index 塑性值plasticity modulus 塑性模量plasticized cement 塑化水泥plasticizer 增塑剂plasticizing 塑化plasticizing agent 增塑剂plasticizing mineral powder 可塑性矿物粉末plastics 塑料plastics coating 塑料涂膜plastics finish 塑料涂膜plastification 塑性化platband 横带plate 板plate bending 板体弯曲plate girder 板梁plate girder bridge 板梁桥plate glass 平板玻璃plate type regenerator 板型换热器plate vibrator 振动板plated construction 板结构platform 站台;台架platform frame construction 平台式框架结构platform hoist 吊盘绞车platform ladder 椎台梯子plating 镀金playground 比赛场playing field 游戏场plaza 广场plenum duct 送气通道plenum heating 热风采暖plenum system 送气通风系统plinth 壁脚板plinth wiring 壁脚板配线plough 扫雪机;沟刨plow 扫雪机plug 塞子plug cock 塞嘴plug hole 排泄孔plug in connection 插入式连接plug socket 插座plug tap 塞嘴plug valve 塞嘴plugging leaks 堵渗漏plum 毛石块plumb line 铅垂线plumber's dope 管工蒙布漆plumbing 卫生管道工程plumbing fitting 管道配件plumbing fixtures 卫生七plumbing unit 卫生装备组合plumbing work 卫生管道工程plunger pump 滑阀泵ply 层plywood 胶合板plywood concrete forms 夹板混凝土模板plywood for structural use 结构用胶合板pneumatic caisson 压气排水沉箱pneumatic concrete placer 气动混凝土灌注机pneumatic conveying 气动输送pneumatic conveying of concrete 混凝土气力输送pneumatic conveying system 气动输送设备pneumatic drill 空气钻pneumatic feed 风动给料pneumatic hoist 气力升降机pneumatic pile hammer 气压桩锤pneumatic structure 充气结构pneumatic test 气压试验pneumatic tool 气动工具pneumatically applied mortar 喷射灰浆pneumatically operated concrete placer 气动混凝土灌注机pneumatically operated discharge gate 气动卸货门pneumatically placed concrete 喷混凝土pocket filter 袋状滤器point 点point block 塔式高层住宅point load 集中荷载point of application 酌点point of contraflexure 拐点point of support 支点point of zero moment 零力矩点pointed arch 尖拱pointed pediment 三角形檐饰poisson's ratio 泊松比poker vibrator 插入式振捣器polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩polder 围垦地pole 塔杆pole shore 支柱polish 抛光polishing 抛光pollutant 污染物质pollutant effluents 污染废水pollution 污染pollution load 污染负荷polyclinic 综合门诊所polyester 聚脂polyethylene 聚乙烯polyethylene coated craft paper 聚乙烯涂敷牛皮纸polygon 多边形polygon of forces 力多边形polymer 聚合物polymer cement concrete 聚合物水泥混凝土polymer concrete 聚合物混凝土polymer impregnated concrete 聚合物浸渍混凝土polymer modified cement mortar 聚合改性水泥灰浆polymer modified glass fiber reinforced concrete 聚合改性玻璃纤维加强混凝土polymer mortar 聚合物灰浆polystyrene board 聚苯乙烯板polystyrene foam balls 泡沫聚苯乙烯团块polystyrene foam concrete 泡沫聚苯乙烯混凝土polystyrene sheet 聚苯乙烯片polythene sheeting 聚乙烯料polyvinyl 聚乙烯polyvinyl acetateconcrete 聚醋酸乙烯脂混凝土pond 池pontoon bridge 舟桥pontoon crane 浮筒起重机pool fishway 水塘鱼道poor bearing stratum 低承载性地层poor concrete 贫混凝土poor quality concrete 劣质混凝土pop corn concrete 大孔状混凝土population density 人口密度population equivalent 人口当量porcelain 瓷器pore volume 孔隙容积pores 气孔porosity 多孔性porous aggregate 多孔集料porous brick 多孔砖porous concrete 多孔混凝土porous diffuser plate 多孔扩散板port 港口port construction 港口建设portable barrack 可移动的工portable derrick crane 轻便转臂起重机portable grinder 手提式砂轮机portable scaffold 可移动脚手架portable structure 移动式结构portable tank 移动式水箱portable welder 移动式焊接机portal 入口portal crane 门式起重机portal frame 龙门架portal framed building 门形杆框架建筑portal structures 门形结构portland blast furnace cement 矿渣硅酸盐水泥portland cement 波特兰水泥portland cement clinker 波特兰水泥熟料portland cement concrete 硅酸盐水泥混凝土portland masonry cement 圬工波特兰水泥portland pozzolan cement 火山灰硅酸盐水泥portland pozzolan concrete 火山灰硅酸盐水泥混凝土portland slag cement 矿渣硅酸盐水泥position 位置position head 位势水头positioning of beams 梁的定位positioning of tendons 钢筋束配置positive bending moment 正弯矩positive moment 正力矩positive reaction 正反力positive reinforcement 正钢筋post 接线柱post and beam construction 梁柱结构post and beam structure 梁柱结构post and panel structure 立柱镶板式结构post buckling strength 弯曲后强度post cracking strength 开裂后强度post footing 柱基脚post office 邮局post shore 支柱post stressed concrete 后张法预应力混凝土post tension unit 后张拉单元post tensionedconstruction 后张拉结构post tensioned steel 后张拉钢筋post tensioning 后张拉post tensioning field log 后张拉椎现场记录pot construction 壶形结构pot floor 壶形楼面pot sink 洗涤盆potable water supply 饮水供给potential 潜力potential head 位势水头pothole 窝穴pour point 零poured concrete 灌浇混凝土poured in place concrete 现场浇筑混凝土pouring in lifts 层段浇灌powder 粉末powdered asphalt 粉状地沥青power 力power bender 动力钢筋弯曲机power conduit 水压管power consumption 动力消耗power dam 发电站拦水坝power float 机动抹板power house 发电厂power operated bush hammer 动力操卒石锤power plant 电站power shovel 机械铲power supply source 动力供应源power trowel 动力抹刀pozzolan 火山灰pozzolan cement 火山灰水泥pozzolanic aggregate 火山灰质集料pozzolanic materials 火山灰质材料practice ground 试验用地prap 接线柱pratt truss 普腊桁架prc 预应力钢筋混凝土pre post tensionedconcrete 先张后张混凝土pre post tensioning 先张后张拉preaerator 预曝气装置precast concrete 预制混凝土precast concrete building 预制混凝土建筑物precast concrete cladding panel 预制混凝土骨架填充板材护墙板precast concrete connection details 预制混凝土连接机构详图precast concrete construction 预制混凝土构造precast concrete house 预制混凝土房屋precast concrete industry 预制混凝土工业precast concrete panel 预制混凝土墙板precast construction 预制工程precast factory 预制混凝土厂房precast floor 装配式地板precast member 预制混凝土构件precast nailable concrete plank 预制可受钉的混凝土板precast panel construction 预制的护墙板建筑物precast pile 预制桩precast prestressed concrete unit 预制预应力混凝土单元precast reinforced concrete 预制钢筋混凝土precast reinforced concrete construction 装配式钢筋混凝土结构precast structural concrete 预制结构用混凝土precast unit 预制混凝土构件precasting 预制构件precasting machine 预制机precasting yard 预制工住precipitation 降雨precision 精密度precision air conditioning 精密空气第prefab form 预制模板prefabricated building 装配式房屋prefabricated costruction 预制装配式结构prefabricated form 预制装配式模壳prefabricated heat insulatio 预成形绝缘层prefabricated house 预制装配式房屋prefabricated housing 预制装配式住宅建筑prefabricated panel 预制墙板prefabricated prestressed concrete beam 装配式预制钢筋混凝土梁prefabricated reinforced concrete 预制钢筋混凝土prefabricated reinforced concrete pile 装配式钢筋混凝土桩prefabricated structural element 预制结构构件prefabricated unit 预制构件prefabricated window wall unit 预制窗口墙单元prefabrication 预制法prefiring 预热试验preformed insulation 预成形绝缘层preformed pile 预制桩preheat coil 预热器preheater 预热器preheating 预热preliminary clarificationtank 初步澄清池preliminary cube test 立方体初步试验preliminary design 初步设计preliminary drawings 初步设计图preliminary specifications 预制的施工说明preliminary treatment 预先处理preload construction of tank 预加荷载贮槽工程premature failure 过早损坏premature stiffening 瞬间凝佶premixed 预先拌合的prepackaged concrete 预填集料混凝土prepacked aggregate concrete 预填集料混凝土prepacked concrete 预填集料混凝土preparation 准备preparatory construction 准备工程preplaced aggregate concrete 预填集料混凝土prescribed mix 给定混合preservation 保存press 压床pressed bend 压制弯管pressed concrete 压制混凝土pressed glass 压制玻璃pressed sheet steel 压制的钢板材pressostat 恒压器pressure 压力pressure against the ends 端部压力pressure balancing 压力均衡pressure control valve 压力第阀pressure controller 压力第器pressure distribution 压力分布pressure equalizing 压力均衡pressure filter 压力滤罐pressure filtration 加压过滤pressure gauge 压力计pressure grouting 压力灌浆pressure gun 压力枪pressure line 压力线pressure load 压力负荷pressure loss factor 压力损失系数pressure pile 压入桩pressure pipeline 加压管路pressure regulator 压力第器pressure relief valve 减压安。
建筑设计中英对照表
建筑设计中英对照表●房屋各部分 Parts of house屋面 roof屋脊 ridge坡屋顶 pitched roof单坡屋顶 pent roof, lean-to roof人字屋顶 gable roof四坡顶 hipped roof屋面排水沟 valley卷材防水屋面 membrane roof找平层 screed-coat防水层 damp-proof course泛水 flashing屋顶层 garret阁楼 penthouse, loft, attic天台 roof-deck晒台 drying stage组合烟囱 chimney stack屋檐 eave屋面排水 roofing drainage檐沟，明沟 gutter水落管 down-pipe, downspout雨棚 canopy, awning柱廊 colonnade走廊 corridor中庭 atrium山墙 gable女儿墙 parapet山花 pediment隅石砌 quoins阳台 balcony, veranda阳台栏杆 balustrade阳台栏杆柱 baluster, banister平台 terrace台阶 steps梯子 ladder梯级 step楼梯 staircase(＝step)楼梯踏步平板 tread楼梯踏步竖板 riser楼梯休息平台 landing直角转弯平台quarter-space landing 梯宽 run of stair梯高 rise of stair楼梯扶手 rail, railing回转梯corkscrew staircase，caracole 踏步突沿 nosing窗子 window百叶窗 blinds, louvers旋转窗 balance window平开窗，窗叶 casement窗扇 sash中旋窗 awning window上下推拉窗double-hung window 屋顶通气窗 clerestory门窗亮子 transom窗框 window frame窗台 sill，cill采光顶 sunroof天窗 sunlight老虎窗 dormer-window通风窗 ventlight落地窗 French window墙壁 wall承重墙 bearing wall隔间 partition空心墙 cavity wall防火隔断(分区) compartmentation剪力墙 shear panel墙裙 wainscot窗间墙 pier幕墙 curtain wall电梯 elevator, lift自动扶梯 escalator地板，楼面 floor夹层楼面 entresol，mezzanine楼座 balcony楼板 slab天花板 ceiling壁炉 andiron，fireplace，grate地下室 basement防火 fire-cut防火门 fire door耐热涂料 heat-resisting paints绝热 heat insulation门槛 head-rail, sill柱子 column，post，pillar柱头 column cap, head斜撑 knee brace悬索 catenary梁 beam基础梁 grade beam钢板梁 plate girder工字梁 I-beam过梁 lintel, lintol, head椽子 purlin基础 foundation碎石垫层 hard core混凝土地基 concrete foundation 基座、柱础 pedestal独立基础 isolated footing放大基础 spreading footing条形基础 strip footing筏式基础 mat foundation浮筏基础 floating foundation 沉箱基础 caisson化粪池 cesspool, septic tank 伸缩缝 expansion joint冷桥 thermal bridge散水 wash, apron披水板 weathering-board桁架 truss组合桁架 composite truss框架 framework模板 formwork拱券 arch穹顶 dome平拱 flat arch筒拱 vault, vaulted roof半圆穹顶 concha瓦 shingle, tile砖 brick瓷砖 ceramic tile玻璃砖 glass blocks大理石 marble花岗岩 granite水磨石 terrazzo砌块 masonry混凝土 concrete预制混凝土 pre-cast concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete钢筋 steel reinforcement水泥 cement抹灰，灰泥 plaster, stucco熟石灰hydrate of lime, slaked-lime 砂浆 mortar抹灰层 floated coat饰面 finish木砖 grounds, timber brick石膏 gypsum石膏板 plaster slab夹胶玻璃 plyglass胶合板 plywood, clip-board脚手架 scaffolding悬臂 cantilever叠涩，牛腿 corbel遮阳 sun shading●制图与构图用语草图 sketch, draft图纸 drawing施工图 working drawings工程 project方案 plan总图 grid总平面 site平面 floor立面 elevation正立面 facade剖面 section详图 detail门厅上部 upper foyer比例尺 scale=透视图，表现图 rendering透视 perspective轴测isometric perspectiveAxonometric projection轴线 axis建筑面积 floor area, architecture area 相对标高 relative elevation/level层高，净空 headroom, headway室内 interior室外 exterior室内装修 interior decoration装饰 ornament广场 square, plaza, public square流线 circulation解构 deconstruction空间 space, spatial比例 proportion统一 unity均衡 balance协调 harmony尺度 scale韵律 rhythm风格 style功能 function关系 relationship●房屋House高层建筑high-rise building社区housing complex家舍house茅舍cottage平房one-story house，bungalow，plain-house二楼two-story house公寓(建筑) apartment house公寓(房间) apartment(flat)(英)别墅villa花园洋房garden house寄宿舍dormitory(美)供膳出租房间board and lodging出租房间room for rent(美)乡村旅舍country inn供膳寄宿舍boardinghouse大厦mansions, edifice大楼building预制装配式房屋 pre-fabricate house 小木屋 shack一个单元 one unit车库 garage报告厅auditorium, lecture hall多功能厅multi-use hall阅览室 browsing room, reading room 茶室refreshment room操作间cab, utility room●居住Dwelling套房 suit主人套房 master suit门厅，前厅 lobby大厅 hall, main hall过厅 gallery起居间 living RM，family RM聚会厅gathering RM，keeping RM休息厅 lounge, sitting RM客厅 parlor衣帽间 cloakroom更衣、衣橱间 walk-in-closet, W.I.C.厨房 kitchen餐厅 dinning room早餐厅 nook, breakfast room食品、餐具间 pantry, butlery浴室，洗手间 bathroom盥洗室 toilet room卫生间 water closet, W.C.前室，门厅 foyer寝室，卧房 bedroom主人房 master bedroom书斋，书房 study, library工作室，画室 studio私室，书斋 den化妆室 boudoir, dressing RM, powder RM 婴儿室 nursery客房 guestroom壁厨 closet, ambry洗衣间 laundry room地窖 cellar储藏室 storage健身房 exercise RM服务入口 service entry换鞋处 mud room游艺室 games room活动室 activities room音乐室 music alcove工人房 maid bedroom台球室 billiards room温室 greenhouse●家具Furniture方桌 square table圆桌 round table长方桌 rectangle table伸缩桌 extension table小桌 side table凳子 stool有肘的椅子 armchair摇椅，安乐椅 rocking chair藤椅 rattan chair塑料椅 plastic chair帆布椅 deck chair折椅 folding chair沙发 sofa长椅 couch桌子，餐桌 table玻璃桌子 glass table塑料桌子 acrylic table木制饭桌 wooden-table●庭院Yard家宅院 messuage门廊 porch, covered porch敞廊 loggia前院 front yard(美)；forecourt 中院(英) court yard后院 back-yard(美)侧院 quiet yard小庭院 garth天井 patio, patios, hypaethral 花园 garden树篱 hedge围场 enclosure花架 arbor bower草坪 lawn花坛 flowerbed灌木 bush, brush撒水器 sprinkler假山 rockery亭子，阁楼 pavillion小径 path车道 driveway游泳池 pool围墙 fence●前门Front door会发谐音钟声的门door chime 警报器 buzzer门铃 doorbell门环 doorknocker窥孔 peephole门把 knob门柱 doorjamb锁眼 keyhole转门 swinging door折门 fold-away (accordion) door●冷暖气Cooling and heating电风扇electric fan煤气暖炉gas heater (stove)石油暖炉kerosene heater(=stove) 电暖炉electric heater(=stove)暖气片panel heating散热器radiator冷气机air cooler空调机air-conditioner中央暖气central heating(system) 局部暖气space heating●几何名词直线 line曲线 curve圆弧 arc圆 circle椭圆 ellipse三角形 triangle正方形 square矩形 rectangle多边形 polygon螺旋线 spiral平行六面体parallelepiped球体 sphere半球 hemisphere●相关专业名称结构structure电气electric work给排水plumbing暖通HVAC,Heating/Ventilation/Air Condition 城市规划city planning●其他GRC玻璃纤维增强复合材料(Glass-fiber Reinforced Composite) PVC聚氯乙烯建构tectonic风格style古典主义Classicalism哥特复兴式Gothic Revival巴洛克风格Baroque洛可可Rococo文艺复兴Renaissance帕拉迪奥风格Palladian新艺术运动Art Nouveau理性主义Rationalism折衷主义Eclecticism粗野主义Brutalism风格主义Mannerism构成主义Constructivism国际主义风格International Style 功能主义Functionalism表现主义Expressionism现代主义Modernism新古典主义Neo-Classicism可持续建筑 Sustainable Architecture。
建筑专业名词中英文对照
1．设计指标：statistics用地面积：site area建筑占地面积：building foot print 总建筑面积：total area建筑面积 floor area，building area 地上建筑面积：ground area地下建筑面积：underground area整体面积需求: Demand for built area 公共绿地：public green land备用地用地：reserved land容积率：FAR建筑密度：building coverage绿地率：green ratio绿化率：green landscape ratio建筑高度：building height层数：number of floors停车位：parking unit地面停车：ground parking地下停车：underground parking使用面积：usable area公用面积：public area实用面积：effective area居住面积：living area计租面积 rental area?租用面积得房率：effien开间 bay进深 depth跨度 span坡度：slope，grade净空：clearance净高：clear height净空（楼梯间下）：headroom净距：clear distance套内面积：unit constraction area公摊面积：shared public area竣工面积：辅助面积：service area结构面积：structural area交通面积：communication area，passage area共有建筑面积：common building area共有建筑面积分摊系数：common building area amount coefficient 公用建筑面积：public building area销售面积：sales area绿化覆盖率：green coverage ratio层高：floor height净高：clear height公用建筑面积分摊系数：public building area amount coefficient 住宅用地：residential area其他用地：公共服务设施用地：land for public facilities道路用地：land for roads公共绿地：public green space道路红线：road property line建筑线（建筑红线）：set back line用地红线： property line，boundary line第一轮：1st round计划和程序：schedule and program工程进度表：working schedule构造材料表：list of building materials and construction设计说明：design statement图纸目录和说明：list of drawings and descriptions项目标准：project standards总结：conclusion文本及陈述：封皮：cover目录：content技术经济指标：technical and economical index概念规划设计：conceptual master paln and architectural design基地分析：location analysis项目区位分析图：description of the region site and city space view analyze 概念构思说明：chief design concept指导思想（设计主旨）：key concepts概述：introduction宗旨：mission statement愿景及设计效果：vision and design concept城市空间景观分析：urban space landscape identity绿化景观分析：landscape analysis交通分析：traffic analysis生态系统：ecological system地块A：area A模型照片：model images案例分析：case study草图：sketches设计构思草图：concept sketches规划总平面图：site plan鸟瞰图：bird view功能分区图：function organization单体透视图：unit perspective1-1剖面图：section 1-1立面图：elevation沿街立面图：street elevation平面图：plan地下一层平面图：basement plan；B1 plan首层平面图：F1 plan；ground floor plan二层平面图：2F floor plan设计阶段 stages of design草图 sketch方案 scheme初步设计 preliminary design施工图 working drawing平面图 plan平面放大图 plan in enlarged scale剖面图 section立面图 elevation节点详图 detail drawing透视图 perspective drawings鸟瞰图 birds-eye view示意图 schematic diagram区划图 block plan位置图 location示意图：schematic diagram背景介绍：project background报告书目的：purpose of report专案区位背景：Context of 。
常用建筑中英文对照表
保留建筑EXISTING BUILDING已建建筑AS-BUILT新建建筑NEW BUILDING道路ROADWAY绿化LANDSCAPE汽车流线CAR ACCESS行人流线WALK ACCESS消防车流线FIRE BRIGADE ACCESS货车流线TRUCK ACCESS自行车流线BICYCLE ACCESS消防车道FIRE WAY主出入口MAIN ENTRENCE保安室NO.1 GUARD HOUSE主出入口1EXIT 1地下车库出口BASEMENT PARKING EXIT 自行车停车场BICYCLE PARKING自行车停车位 BICYCLE STAND总停车位 CAR PARK其中INCLUDE地上停车位AT-GRADE CAR PARK地下停车位UNDERGROUND CAR PARK空调管线AIR CONDITIONING强电电缆LV 10KV弱电电缆ELV电缆10KV HV供水管SUPPLY WATER污水管WASTE WATER雨水管RAIN WATER消防管线FIRE HYDRANT西门子(中国)总部SIEMENS CENTER BEIJING说明NOTE1.本图依据城市道路高程及市政管线标高等资料并结合场地排水、场地地形、土方平衡等因素进行竖向设计。
1.THE DRAWING WITH "VERTICAL HEIGHT DESIGN" IS BASED ON CITY ROADWAY ENGINEERING WITH CITY BUREAU PIPEL INE HEIGHT INDICATION DOCUMENT SITE DRAINAGE, SITE T OPOGRAPHY, AND SOIL BALANCE ARE INCORPORATED INTO THE DESIGN.2.本图所用坐标系统为北京市城市坐标系统，所用高程为规划高程。
2.THE DRAWING INCORPORATES BEIJING CITY COORDINATE SY STEM. ALL THE INDICATIVE HEIGHTS ARE PLANNING HEIGHT S.3.图中道路横坡按1.5%设计，最小纵坡为0.2%。
建筑英语 中英文对照by Iris
o ring 圆形截面环oak 栎树oakum 麻絮obelisk 方尖碑object 对象object of construction production 工程项目oblique butt joint 斜对接oblique projection 斜投影oblique scarf 斜接榫oblique section 斜截面obscured glass 毛面玻璃observation 观测observation light 碍航物灯标observation of the work 操奏视observation point 观测点observational data 观测资料occupancy 居住occupancy load 收容能力;居住载荷occupancy rate 居住率occupant space requirements 居住空间标准occupants 居住者occupied zone 实占地域ocher 袅ochre 袅ocrate process 四氟化硅处理ocrated concrete 四氟化硅混凝土oder suppression 臭气排除odor 臭气odor control 四氟化硅处理odorimeter 气味计odour 臭气off center load 偏心荷重off formwork concreting 无模壳灌筑混凝土off grade size 不合格粒径off ground hauler 越野土运机off loading ramp 卸载斜坡道off peak electric heating 非峰期电供热off peak load 非峰值负载off peak period 非高峰时间off set joints 错缝off shore boring 海底钻探off shutteringconcreting 无模壳灌筑混凝土off the site work 现场外工作office 机关office building 办公楼office furniture 办公室设备offset 突层offset bend 迂回管弯头offset yield strength 条件屈服强度offshore boring island 钻井平台offshore structures 海上结构物offstream storage 停运贮藏池ogee s形曲线ogee arch 葱形拱ogee curve s形曲线ohio cofferdam 俄亥俄围堰oil 油oil bath air filter 油浴空气过滤器oil buffer 液压缓冲器oil fired heater 烧油空气加热器oil fired heating system 烧油供热系统oil paint 油漆oil pipeline 油管oil stain 油蚀oil trap 集油器oil washed air cleaner 油浴空气过滤器oil well cement 油井水泥omnia concrete floor 咬封混凝土楼板omnia concrete plank 咬封混凝土板on job laboratory 工地实验室on off valve 双位阀on site connection 就地连接once through water supplysystem 单柳水系统ondol 炕one brick wall 单砖墙one centered arch 单心拱one coat work 单层粉刷one component material 单一性材料one degree system 单自由度系统one family dwelling 单户住宅one hand block 小型砌块one hand tile 小型砌块one hinged arch 单铰拱one off design 专用设计one off houses 临时房屋one pass aeration tank 单道曝气池one pipe circulation 单管式循环one pipe heating system 单管供热系统one pipe loop system 单管环路系统one pipe system 单管系统one room dwelling 单间住宅one roomed flat 单间公寓one side welding 单面焊one sided connection 单面连接one span two hinged frame 单跨度双铰接框架one storey house 单层房屋one way slab 单向配筋板one way street 单行道one way system 单向配筋方式one way valve 单向阀onramp 斜坡弯道opal glass 乳色玻璃opaque ceramic glazed tile 不透谜瓷釉瓷砖open air intake works 无压取水结构open air plant 露天装置open air water power plant 开启式水力发电站open boarding 开缝铺板法open box section 敞开箱形构造截面open caisson 沉井open caisson foundation 沉井基础open cornice 敞檐open cut tunneling 泌隧道工程open deck car park 开敞式停车建筑物open distribution 开启分送open ditch drainage 排水玫open drain 排水玫open drainage 排水玫open eaves 敞檐open expansion tank heating system 自由膨胀水箱式供热系统open floor 露瞄栅楼板open frame girder 空腹桁架梁open hood 开口式通气罩open joint 渺open mortise 开口榫眼open newel stair 露眯柱旋梯open pan mixer 敞口盘式混合料open parking structure 开敞式停车建筑物open pier construction 空架式突堤结构open piping 外露管道open pit 露天开采坑open plan 开敞布置open return steam heatingsystem 直接蒸汽供热系统open riser stair 露盲步楼梯open roof 露幂顶open section 开口断面open sheathing 版面疏松的衬板open sheeting 版面疏松的衬板open slating 疏铺石板open space 空地open stairway 露氓梯open steam heating system 直接蒸汽供热系统open storage area 露天堆场open storage ground 露天堆场open storm drainage 露藐水排水沟open tendering 公开招标open territory 空旷地区open timber floor 露木楼板open timbering 版面疏松的衬板open traverse 开路导线open type exhaust canopy 开式排气雨棚open valley 屋面天沟open vent 开式通风口open web 空腹open web girder 空腹大梁open web steel joist 空腹钢铁托梁open well 露幂井open well stair 露幂井楼梯open wharf 透空式码头open wiring 眠布线opening 孔opening bridge 开合桥opening light 开敞式窗洞opening of bids 开表openwork jetty 透空式码头opera house 歌剧院operable partition 开闭式间壁operable transom 开敞式气窗operable wall 开闭式间壁operating floor 操专operation 操作operation drawing 加工图operation schedule 椎程序operational range 操锥围operational waste 操耗operator 操妆optical sag 视光垂度optical square 光学直角器optimal design 优化设计optimization 最优化optimum city size 最佳城市大小optimum condition 最佳条件optimum design 最佳设计opus latericium 嵌砖混凝土墙opus quadratum 方石筑墙or equal specification 被承认等同的技术条件orbit 轨道orchard garden 果园order 柱型式样order of technicalassignment 技术任务指令orderly constructionterritory 有次序的工程地区ordinary concrete 普通混凝土ordinary construction 一般构造ordinary dense concrete 普通密实的混凝土ordinary lime mortar 普通灰浆ordinary portland cement 普通硅盐水泥ordinary red brick 普通红砖ordinary reinforcedconcrete 普通钢筋混凝土ordinary structural concrete 普通结构混凝土ordinate 纵坐标ordnance bench mark 水准基点organic binder 有机粘结剂organic content 有机质含量organic impurity 有机不洁物organic silt 有机质淤泥organic test 有机物试验organic wastes 有机废水organism of production 生产组织organization 机构oriel 凸窗oriental type park 东方式公园orientation of building 房屋定位orifice meter 孔极量计orifice tube test 坍落度筒测定origin of force 着力点original cross sectional area 起始横截面面积original drawing 原图ornament 装饰ornamental architecture 盛饰建筑ornamental concrete 装饰混凝土ornamental concrete finishing 装饰混凝土修整ornamental forest 风景林ornamental glass 装饰玻璃ornamental motif 装饰肘ornamental panelling 装饰镶板ornamental part 装饰配件orthogonal anisotropic plate 正交蛤异性板orthogonal projection 正投影orthography 正投影orthotropic plate 正交蛤异性板orthotropic structures 正交蛤异性结构oscillating machinery 振动机械oscillating screen 振动筛oscillation 振动oscillation conveyor 振荡式输送机osmose 渗透ossature 骨胳out port 外港outbuilding 附属房屋outdoor air 外伸架临时顶撑outdoor air inlet 外部空气outdoor exposure test 野外曝露试验outdoor furniture 户外七outdoor installation 户外装置outdoor paint 室外用油漆outdoor power station 开启式水力发电站outdoor powerhouse 开启式水力发电站outdoor temperature 室外温度outer court 外院outer door 外门outer fiber 外部纤维outer forces 外力outer harbor 外港outer lining 外门窗框outer slope 外侧坡度outer string 楼梯外侧小梁outer support 外支座outer wall 外墙outfall 排水口outfit 装置outflow channel 泄水渠outhouse 屋外厕所outlay of production 生产经费outlet box 引出箱outlet opening 排出口outlet tunnel 排水隧道outline 轮廓outline drawing 轮廓图outline of house 房屋轮廓outline specification 一般技术规格outmost fiber 外部纤维output data 输出数据outrigger 外伸架outrigger base 悬臂板outrigger scaffold 排出脚手架outrigger shore 外伸架临时顶撑outside air 外部空气outside air opening 外部空气通道outside architrave 外门窗框outside casing 外门窗框outside coating 外部涂刷outside column 外部柱outside corner moulding 角条outside door 外门outside film coefficient 外表面传热系数outside finish 外饰面outside foundation line 外部地基线outside glazing 外部装配玻璃outside scaffolding 外部脚手架outside temperature 室外温度outside wall 外墙outside window 外部窗outstreet 郊区outwork 野外椎oval arch 椭圆形拱oven 炉ovendry wood 烘干木材over dwelling 居住区过密over mortared concrete mix 多灰浆混凝土混合料overall coefficient of heat transfer 总传热系数overall depth of section 截面总高度overall dimensions 综合尺寸overall height 总高度overall length 总长overall size 总尺寸overbridge 天桥overburden 复盖层overburden excavator 剥土电铲overburden pressure 积土压力overburden stripping 覆盖层剥除overcrossing 上跨交叉overcrowded city 挤集型城市overcrowding 拥挤过度overdesign 超裕度设计结构overdeveloped city 过度发展的城市overdevelopment 地下水池的枯燥overdosage 超量配料overfall gap 溢水口overflow dam 溢劣overflow pipe 溢淋overflow stand 溢淋overground part 地上部分overhand work 从内墙砌砖overhang 悬突体overhaul 大修overhead crane 高架起重机overhead crane girder 桥式吊车梁overhead distribution 架空配电overhead door 升降门overhead heating system 上分式供热系统overhead illumination 天花板照明overhead line 架空线路overhead pipeline 架空管道overhead water storagetank 高架蓄水箱overhead welding 仰焊overhead wire 架空线路overhead work 高空工作overhung door 悬挂式推拉门overlap 重迭overlapping constructionschedule 综合施工进度表overlay paper 混凝土覆盖纸overload 过载overload limiter 超载限制器overload protection 过载保护overlying ground 上面覆盖overpass 上跨桥overpass for pedestrians 高架人行道overpressure protection 超压防护oversailing course 挑出砖层oversanded mix 多砂混合料oversite concrete 地基混凝土板层overslabbing 混凝土板铺路overstressing 超限应力overstretching 超限应力overturning moment 倾覆力矩overvibration 过度振动owner 甲方owner architectagreement 所有人和建筑师合同owner contractoragreement 所有人和承包人合同owner's inspector 甲方检查员oxidation capacity 氧化能力oxidation column 氧化塔oxidation lagoon 氧化池oxidation pond 氧化池oxide 氧化物oxidized linseed oil 氧化亚麻油oxyacetylene cuttingtorch 氧快切割机oxychloride cement 氯氧水泥oxygen 氧oxygen deficit 缺氧oxygenator 氧合器ozonation 臭氧处理ozonator 臭氧化发生器ozone 臭氧ozone treatment 臭氧处理ozonized air 缺氧ozonizing chamber 臭氧化窒pack 束package dealer 总承包者packaged air conditioner 小型空气第器packaged boiler 移动式锅炉packaged buildingprogram 综合建筑计划packaged concrete 包装混凝土packed heat insulation 填充式绝热packed joint 堵塞接缝packing 填满packless valve 无填料阀pad 承梁垫石padding 涂底漆paddle 小闸门paddle aerator 叶轮式曝气器paddle loader 桨叶式装载机paddle mixer 桨叶式搅拌机padlock 挂锁padstone 承梁垫石pagoda 塔pail 水桶paint 颜料paint base 油漆打底paint blaster 涂料喷雾器paint brush 漆刷paint gun 喷漆枪paint ingredient 涂料成分paint kettle 油漆锅paint peeling 涂漆层剥皮paint pot 油漆锅paint roller 漆滚筒paint spray gun 喷涂枪paint spraying 喷漆paint spraying machine 喷漆机painter's hand tools 漆工手工具painting 涂油漆painting work 涂装工作pair of doors 双门palace 宫殿palatial architecture 宫殿式建筑pale 桩palette knife 但刀paling 栏栅palisade 栏栅pallet 但板palletized load 架装荷载pan 铰链孔pan floor 盘式楼板pan humidifier 盘式加湿器pan mixer 盘状拌和机pane 窗玻璃pane of glass 门墙玻璃块panel 镶板panel air system 嵌入式空气系统panel built house 预制墙板式房屋panel construction 壁板式构造panel cooler 板式冷却器panel cooling 嵌入式降温panel door 镶板门panel heating 板壁供热panel lighting 格式照明panel load 节点载荷panel node 节点panel point 节点panel radiator 嵌入式散热器panel shuttering 镶板式模壳panel strip 嵌条panel type house 预制墙板式房屋panel wall 幕墙panel work 镶板工作panelled ceiling 格子平顶panelling 镶板pantile 波形瓦pantry 备餐间paper 纸paper backed lath 用纸鬃层的板条paper board 纸板paper filter 纸过滤器paper form 纸模papering 糊纸parabola 抛物线parabolic arch 抛物线拱parabolic curve 抛物曲线parabolic girder 抛物线梁parabolic shell 抛物线状薄壳paraffin 蜡parallel chord truss 平行弦桁架parallel flow heatexhanger 并两热交换器parallel lay rope 顺扭交绳parallel stair 平行楼梯parallel swivel benchvice 平行轮轴钳工台虎钳parallel wire unit 平行钢丝束parallelepiped 平行六面体parallelism 平行parallelogram 平行四边形parallelogram of forces 力平行四边形parameter 参数parapet 女儿墙parent matrix 原结合料pargeter 灰泥工paring chisel 消錾park 公园park architecture 公园建筑parker truss 帕克式桁架parking area 停车场parking lot 停车场parking place 停车场parking tower 塔式停车处parkway 林荫干道parlour 接待室parquet 拼花地板parquet block 镶木地板条块parquet floor 镶木地板part 零件part drawing 零件图part in bending 受弯部分part in compression 受压部分part in tension 受拉部分part swing shovel 部分旋转式电铲partial air conditioning 局部空调partial cover plate 部分盖板partial prestressing 部分的预应力partial safety factors 部分安全系数partially drowned weir 局部潜堰partially prestressedcomposite construction 部分预应力组合结构partially separatesystem 部份分僚水系统particle 粒子particle board 碎木板particle shape 颗粒形状particle size 粒子大小particle size analysis 粒度分析particle size distribution 粒径分布particle size distribution curve 粒度分布曲线parting agent 脱模隔离涂料partition 隔板partition beam 隔壁梁partition block 隔墙块partition board 隔墙板partition tile 隔壁用花砖partition wall of glass bricks 玻璃块间壁party wall 共用隔墙pass 通道passage 通道passageway 通道passenger elevator 乘客电梯passenger flow 旅客怜passenger lift 乘客电梯passive earth pressure 被动地压paste 软膏paste content 浆状物含量paste paint 厚漆paste volume 浆状物含量pat 试饼pat mortar 扁饼灰泥patand 地梁patching 补坑patching compound 修补混合料patching mix 修补混合料patent glazing 无油灰装玻璃paternoster 链斗式升降机path of seepage 渗哩路patio 庭院patten 柱基础patter 抹板pattern 模型pattern decoration 花样装饰patterned finish 花纹装修patterned paper 花纹纸patternmaker 制模工人paumelle 可折较链paved median 铺面中央分隔带paved shoulders 铺砌的路肩pavement 铺装pavement base 铺路基础pavement concrete 路面混凝土pavement design 路面设计pavement marking machine 路面标线机pavement overlay 路面罩面pavement saw 铺面锯机pavement slab 铺路板paver 混凝土搅拌摊铺机paver's hammer 铺砌工锤pavilion 展览馆分管凉亭pavilion roof 攒尖式屋顶paving asphalt 铺路沥青paving blocks 铺面块体paving brick 铺地砖paving flag 铺路石板paving slab 铺路板paving stone 铺路石paving train 联合铺路机pea gravel 豆粒砾石pea gravel grout 豆砾石薄浆pea grit 豆粒砾石pea shingle 豆粒砾石peak arch 尖拱peak demand 最大需要量peak discharge 最大量peak load 最大载荷peak stress 高最大应力pearl 珍珠pearlite 珍珠岩peasant market 农民市场peat 泥炭peat brick 泥炭砖peat soil 泥沼质土peaty soil 泥沼质土pebble 砾石pebble clarifier 砾石清净器pebble dash 小卵石涂抹pedestal 柱脚pedestal foot 大放脚pedestrian bridge 人行桥pedestrian guard rail 人行道栏杆pedestrian overcrossing 人行天桥pedestrian protection 行人保护装置pedestrian railing 人行桥栏杆pedestrian subway 人行隧道pedestrian traffic 行人交通pediment 人形墙peeling 剥皮peference mark 基准点peg 短桩pegging out 定界pell mell construction 抛筑pelleted mineral wool 颗粒状矿棉penalty 罚款penalty clause 违约罚金条款pencil 束pencil rod 细钢杆pendence 斜度pendentive dome 三角穹圆顶pendentives 穹隅pendulum 振子pendulum bearing 摇摆式支座pendulum saw 摆锯penetrability 透入性penetration 贯穿penetration probe 贯穿探针penetration test 贯入试验penetration treatment 浸透处理penning gate 直升式泄水闸门penstock 水压管pentagon 五角形penthouse 小棚屋penthouse apartment 屋顶公寓pentroof 单坡屋顶penumbra 半影percent compaction 压实百分数percent fines 细粒含量百分率percent of elongation 伸张度percent of void 孔隙率percentage by volume 体积百分率percentage by weight 重量百分比percentage reinforcement 配筋比率percolating water 渗透水percolation 渗漏percolation gauge 渗透计percussion drill hammer 冲魂锤percussion drilling 冲魂percussion penetration method 撞会入法perennial stream 常流perforated brick 有孔砖perforated casing well 滤管井perforated ceiling board 穿孔天花板perforated plate 凿孔板perforated wall 穿孔墙performancecharacteristic 工棕性performance test 性能试验perimeter 周边perimeter beam 圈梁perimeter grouting 周边管浆perimeter heating 周边供热perimeter wall 围墙perimeter zone 周边区域period 周期peripheral stress 圆周应力periphery 周围perlite 珍珠岩perlite concrete 珍珠岩混凝土perlite mortar 珍珠岩灰浆permafrost 永冻土带permanent construction 永久性结构permanent deflection 永久变位permanent deformation 残余变形permanent hardness 永久硬度permanent load 固定负载permanent moment 固定矩permanent position 固定位置permanent set 残余变形permanent shuttering 永久式模板permanent stream 常流permanent structure 永久性结构permeability 渗透性permeability apparatus 渗透装置permeability coefficient 渗透系数permeability of soil 土壤渗透性permeability reducingadmixture 减渗外加剂permeable groyne 透水折劣permetallurigcal cement 炉渣水泥permissible deflection 允许挠度permissible load 容许荷载permissible stress 容许应力permissible stressmethod 容许应力法permissible velocity 容许速度permission 容许personnel job hoist 施工人员升降机perspective drawing 透视图pervibrator 插入式振捣器petroleum asphalt 石油沥青petroleum bitumen 石油沥青petroleum stove 石油火炉petroleum tar 石油焦油phantom drawing 透视图phase 相phenolic resin cement 酚醛尸水泥phenomena 现象photo elastic analysis 光弹性分析photo elastic test 光弹性试验photoelasticity 光弹性photograph 相片photometer 光度计photosynthesis 光合酌phreatic line 浸润线phreatic water 不承压地下水piano wire concrete 钢弦混凝土pick dressing 风镐修琢picket fence 尖桩篱栅picknometer 比重瓶piece 一块piedroit 墙壁平柱pier 桥墩pier cap 墩帽pier construction 支柱结构pier foundation 墩基础pier head power station 堤头水力发电站piezoelectric pick up 压电拾声器piezometer 压力计piezometer tube 测压管piezometric head 测压管水头piezometric level 测压管水位pig iron 生铁piggery 猪圈pigment 色素pigmented finish 着色装饰pilaster 附壁柱pilaster face 半露柱面部pilaster side 半露柱边pile 堆pile after driving 二次打桩pile and cribwork foundation 桩木格笼基础pile and fascine revetment 桩木排护岸pile band 桩箍pile bent 桩排架pile cluster 桩群pile dolphin 桩式系船柱pile drawer 拨桩机pile driver 打桩机pile driving 打桩pile driving by vibration 振动打桩pile driving equipment 打桩设备pile driving formula 打桩公式pile driving frame 打桩架pile driving hammer 桩锤pile driving plant 打桩装置pile driving pontoon 打桩船pile driving rig 打桩装置pile extension 接桩pile extractor 拨桩机pile ferrule 桩箍pile follower 打桩帽pile footing 桩基础pile foundation 桩基础pile framing 桩框架pile grillage 桩格排pile group 桩群pile hammer 桩锤pile head 桩头pile helmet 桩盔pile hoop 桩箍pile jacking 顶桩pile jetting 水冲沉桩pile load capacity 桩荷载容量pile pedestal 桩台座pile pier 桩式桥墩pile positioning 桩定位pile ring 桩箍pile row 桩列pile shoe 桩靴pile sinking 打桩pile splicing 接桩pile stockage 桩列pile tip 桩头pile toe 桩头pile top 桩头piled quay 横栈桥码头pilework 桩结构piling 排桩pillar 柱pillar crane 塔式起重机pilot channel 子槽pilot cut 子槽pilot flame 引燃火焰pilot lamp 指领示灯pilot trench 子槽pilot tunnel 导洞pimple 小突起pin 针pin connectedconstruction 销连接结构pin connection 销连接pin ended column 栓端柱pin joint 销连接pinch bar 橇杆pine 松树pinholes 小孔pioneer road 施工便道pipe 管pipe anchor 管锚pipe bender 弯管器pipe bending machine 弯管器pipe box 绝热管套pipe bridge 输送管桥pipe casing 桩套管pipe clamp 管夹pipe coil 蛇形管pipe column 管柱pipe cooler 管式冷却器pipe cutter 割管机pipe cutting machine 截管机pipe erector 管安装工人pipe fitter 管安装工人pipe hanger 管吊架pipe in pipe 管套管热交换器pipe insulation 管绝缘pipe joint 管子接头pipe lagging 管绝缘pipe laying 装管工程pipe lifting tongs 管吊装夹具pipe losses 管道损失pipe rigging 管诉pipe run 管道pipe section 管道pipe shell 管外壳pipe thread sealing tape 管螺纹嵌缝带pipe tonge 管子钳pipe tracer 管保护用电加热带pipe transport ofconcrete 混凝土管输送pipe vice 管子虎钳pipe welding machine 焊管机pipelayer 管道安装工pipeline 导管pipeline construction 管道施工pipeline conveyance 管道运送pipeline heating andrefrigerating 热冷供应管线pipeline refrigerating 冷供应管线pipeline transport 管道运输pipemaking machine 制管机pipeway 管沟pipework 配管piping 配管piping diagram 管系图pise 泥土建筑piston 活塞piston pump 活塞式泵pit 地坑pit gravel 坑砾石pitch 间距;斜角pitch pocket 松脂孔pitch streak 松脂孔pitched roof 斜屋顶pitched work 砌石护坡pitching stone 铺砌片石pivot 轴颈;旋转轴pivoted window 旋转窗place 位置placeability 可灌筑性placement of concrete 浇灌混凝土placing 铺设placing boom 灌筑吊杆placing of concrete 浇灌混凝土placing sequence 灌筑次序placing train 灌筑列车plain bars 普通钢筋plain cement 清水泥plain concrete 无筋混凝土plain concrete column 无筋混凝土柱plain concrete construction 素混凝土结构plain girder 实腹梁plan 设计图plan view 平面图plane 平面;刨子plane cross section 水平断面plane frame 平面桁架plane of bending 弯曲平面plane of failure 破坏面plane of projection 投影面plane of section 切面plane of shear 剪断面plane of symmetry 对称面plane of weakness 薄弱截面plane sections hypothesis 平断面假定plane stress analysis 平面应力分析plane surface 平表面planing bench 刨台plank 板材plank floor 木板床planned stageconstruction 按计划建设planning 规划planning of houses 住宅计划planning permission 建筑许可planning standardspecification 设计标准技术规范plant 工厂plant and processventilation 工厂工程换气plant mix 厂拌混合料plant mixed concrete 厂拌混凝土plant room 机械设备间planting 绿化plasma 等离子体plaster 烧石膏plaster base 抹灰底层plaster concrete 石膏混凝土plaster mixer 灰泥混合器plaster mortar 粉刷用灰浆plaster mould 石膏模型plaster of cement 水泥抹灰plaster of paris 烧石膏plaster panel 石膏纤维板plaster rendering 粉刷plaster skin coat 抹灰面层plaster throwing machine 喷投灰泥机plaster work 抹灰工事plasterboard 石膏纤维板plastered wall 抹灰的墙plasterer 粉刷工plasterer's float 抹灰工抹子plasterer's hair 抹灰用毛发plasterer's trowel 抹灰泥刀plastering machine 喷投灰泥机plastic aggregates 塑胶集料plastic behavior 塑性动态plastic binder 塑性粘合剂plastic clay 可塑粘土plastic concrete 塑性混凝土plastic consistency 可塑稠度plastic consistency ofconcrete 混凝土塑性稠度plastic cracking 塑性开裂plastic deformation 塑性变形plastic design 塑性论设计plastic equilibrium 塑性平衡plastic flow 塑性怜plastic furniture 塑料家具plastic hinge 塑胶铰链plastic limit 塑性极限plastic moment 塑性力矩plastic mortar 塑性灰浆plastic paint 塑料涂料plastic pipe 塑料管plastic plywood 塑料胶合板plastic range 塑性范围plastic road 塑料公路plastic shrinkage 塑性收缩plastic shrinkagecracking 塑性收缩开裂plastic soil 塑性土壤plastic state 塑性状态plastic strain 塑性变形plastic window lights 塑料玻璃plasticity 塑性plasticity index 塑性值plasticity modulus 塑性模量plasticized cement 塑化水泥plasticizer 增塑剂plasticizing 塑化plasticizing agent 增塑剂plasticizing mineralpowder 可塑性矿物粉末plastics 塑料plastics coating 塑料涂膜plastics finish 塑料涂膜plastification 塑性化platband 横带plate 板plate bending 板体弯曲plate girder 板梁plate girder bridge 板梁桥plate glass 平板玻璃plate type regenerator 板型换热器plate vibrator 振动板plated construction 板结构platform 站台;台架platform frame construction 平台式框架结构platform hoist 吊盘绞车platform ladder 椎台梯子plating 镀金playground 比赛场playing field 游戏场plaza 广场plenum duct 送气通道plenum heating 热风采暖plenum system 送气通风系统plinth 壁脚板plinth wiring 壁脚板配线plough 扫雪机;沟刨plow 扫雪机plug 塞子plug cock 塞嘴plug hole 排泄孔plug in connection 插入式连接plug socket 插座plug tap 塞嘴plug valve 塞嘴plugging leaks 堵渗漏plum 毛石块plumb line 铅垂线plumber's dope 管工蒙布漆plumbing 卫生管道工程plumbing fitting 管道配件plumbing fixtures 卫生七plumbing unit 卫生装备组合plumbing work 卫生管道工程plunger pump 滑阀泵ply 层plywood 胶合板plywood concrete forms 夹板混凝土模板plywood for structuraluse 结构用胶合板pneumatic caisson 压气排水沉箱pneumatic concreteplacer 气动混凝土灌注机pneumatic conveying 气动输送pneumatic conveying ofconcrete 混凝土气力输送pneumatic conveyingsystem 气动输送设备pneumatic drill 空气钻pneumatic feed 风动给料pneumatic hoist 气力升降机pneumatic pile hammer 气压桩锤pneumatic structure 充气结构pneumatic test 气压试验pneumatic tool 气动工具pneumatically appliedmortar 喷射灰浆pneumatically operatedconcrete placer 气动混凝土灌注机pneumatically operateddischarge gate 气动卸货门pneumatically placedconcrete 喷混凝土pocket filter 袋状滤器point 点point block 塔式高层住宅point load 集中荷载point of application 酌点point of contraflexure 拐点point of support 支点point of zero moment 零力矩点pointed arch 尖拱pointed pediment 三角形檐饰poisson's ratio 泊松比poker vibrator 插入式振捣器polar moment of inertia 极惯性矩polder 围垦地pole 塔杆pole shore 支柱polish 抛光polishing 抛光pollutant 污染物质pollutant effluents 污染废水pollution 污染pollution load 污染负荷polyclinic 综合门诊所polyester 聚脂polyethylene 聚乙烯polyethylene coated craftpaper 聚乙烯涂敷牛皮纸polygon 多边形polygon of forces 力多边形polymer 聚合物polymer cement concrete 聚合物水泥混凝土polymer concrete 聚合物混凝土polymer impregnatedconcrete 聚合物浸渍混凝土polymer modified cementmortar 聚合改性水泥灰浆polymer modified glass fiberreinforced concrete 聚合改性玻璃纤维加强混凝土polymer mortar 聚合物灰浆polystyrene board 聚苯乙烯板polystyrene foam balls 泡沫聚苯乙烯团块polystyrene foam concrete 泡沫聚苯乙烯混凝土polystyrene sheet 聚苯乙烯片polythene sheeting 聚乙烯料护板polyvinyl 聚乙烯polyvinyl acetate concrete 聚醋酸乙烯脂混凝土pond 池pontoon bridge 舟桥pontoon crane 浮筒起重机pool fishway 水塘鱼道poor bearing stratum 低承载性地层poor concrete 贫混凝土poor quality concrete 劣质混凝土pop corn concrete 大孔状混凝土population density 人口密度population equivalent 人口当量porcelain 瓷器pore volume 孔隙容积pores 气孔porosity 多孔性porous aggregate 多孔集料porous brick 多孔砖porous concrete 多孔混凝土porous diffuser plate 多孔扩散板port 港口port construction 港口建设portable barrack 可移动的工棚portable derrick crane 轻便转臂起重机portable grinder 手提式砂轮机portable scaffold 可移动脚手架portable structure 移动式结构portable tank 移动式水箱portable welder 移动式焊接机portal 入口portal crane 门式起重机portal frame 龙门架portal framed building 门形杆框架建筑portal structures 门形结构portland blast furnacecement 矿渣硅酸盐水泥portland cement 波特兰水泥portland cement clinker 波特兰水泥熟料portland cement concrete 硅酸盐水泥混凝土portland masonry cement 圬工波特兰水泥portland pozzolan cement 火山灰硅酸盐水泥portland pozzolanconcrete 火山灰硅酸盐水泥混凝土portland slag cement 矿渣硅酸盐水泥position 位置position head 位势水头positioning of beams 梁的定位positioning of tendons 钢筋束配置positive bending moment 正弯矩positive moment 正力矩positive reaction 正反力positive reinforcement 正钢筋post 接线柱post and beamconstruction 梁柱结构post and beam structure 梁柱结构post and panel structure 立柱镶板式结构post buckling strength 弯曲后强度post cracking strength 开裂后强度post footing 柱基脚post office 邮局post shore 支柱post stressed concrete 后张法预应力混凝土post tension unit 后张拉单元post tensionedconstruction 后张拉结构post tensioned steel 后张拉钢筋post tensioning 后张拉post tensioning field log 后张拉椎现场记录pot construction 壶形结构pot floor 壶形楼面pot sink 洗涤盆potable water supply 饮水供给potential 潜力potential head 位势水头pothole 窝穴pour point 零poured concrete 灌浇混凝土poured in place concrete 现场浇筑混凝土pouring in lifts 层段浇灌powder 粉末powdered asphalt 粉状地沥青power 力power bender 动力钢筋弯曲机power conduit 水压管power consumption 动力消耗power dam 发电站拦水坝power float 机动抹板power house 发电厂power operated bushhammer 动力操卒石锤power plant 电站power shovel 机械铲power supply source 动力供应源power trowel 动力抹刀pozzolan 火山灰pozzolan cement 火山灰水泥pozzolanic aggregate 火山灰质集料pozzolanic materials 火山灰质材料practice ground 试验用地prap 接线柱pratt truss 普腊桁架prc 预应力钢筋混凝土pre post tensioned concrete 先张后张混凝土pre post tensioning 先张后张拉preaerator 预曝气装置precast concrete 预制混凝土precast concrete building 预制混凝土建筑物precast concrete cladding panel 预制混凝土骨架填充板材护墙板precast concrete connection details 预制混凝土连接机构详图precast concrete construction 预制混凝土构造precast concrete house 预制混凝土房屋precast concrete industry 预制混凝土工业precast concrete panel 预制混凝土墙板precast construction 预制工程precast factory 预制混凝土厂房precast floor 装配式地板precast member 预制混凝土构件precast nailable concreteplank 预制可受钉的混凝土板precast panelconstruction 预制的护墙板建筑物precast pile 预制桩precast prestressed concreteunit 预制预应力混凝土单元precast reinforcedconcrete 预制钢筋混凝土precast reinforced concreteconstruction 装配式钢筋混凝土结构precast structuralconcrete 预制结构用混凝土precast unit 预制混凝土构件precasting 预制构件precasting machine 预制机precasting yard 预制工住precipitation 降雨precision 精密度precision airconditioning 精密空气第prefab form 预制模板prefabricated building 装配式房屋prefabricatedcostruction 预制装配式结构prefabricated form 预制装配式模壳prefabricated heatinsulatio 预成形绝缘层prefabricated house 预制装配式房屋prefabricated housing 预制装配式住宅建筑prefabricated panel 预制墙板prefabricated prestressedconcrete beam 装配式预制钢筋混凝土梁prefabricated reinforcedconcrete 预制钢筋混凝土prefabricated reinforcedconcrete pile 装配式钢筋混凝土桩prefabricated structuralelement 预制结构构件prefabricated unit 预制构件prefabricated window wallunit 预制窗口墙单元prefabrication 预制法prefiring 预热试验preformed insulation 预成形绝缘层preformed pile 预制桩preheat coil 预热器preheater 预热器preheating 预热preliminary clarificationtank 初步澄清池preliminary cube test 立方体初步试验preliminary design 初步设计preliminary drawings 初步设计图preliminaryspecifications 预制的施工说明preliminary treatment 预先处理preload construction oftank 预加荷载贮槽工程premature failure 过早损坏premature stiffening 瞬间凝佶premixed 预先拌合的prepackaged concrete 预填集料混凝土prepacked aggregateconcrete 预填集料混凝土prepacked concrete 预填集料混凝土preparation 准备preparatory construction 准备工程preplaced aggregate。
建筑工程中英文对照
建筑工程中英文对照Investment and study are the most important things in life, and there is no better idea.建筑词典大全附中文详细解释 I第一节一般术语1. 工程结构 building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称.2. 工程结构设计 design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间,选择一种最佳的合理的平衡,使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求.3. 房屋建筑工程 building engineering一般称建筑工程,为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.4. 土木工程 civil engineering除房屋建筑外,为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.5. 公路工程 highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.6. 铁路工程 railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.7. 港口与航道工程 port harbour and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.8. 水利工程 hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体.9. 水利发电工程水电工程 hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程.10. 建筑物构筑物 construction works房屋建筑或土木工程中的单项工程实体.11. 结构 structure广义地指房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的实体,狭义地指各种工程实体的承重骨架.12. 基础 foundation将建筑物、构筑物以及各种设施的上部结构所承受的各种作用和自重传递到地基的结构组成部分.13. 地基 foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground支承由基础传递或直接由上部结构传递的各种作用的土体或岩体.未经加工处理的称为天然地基.14. 木结构 timber structure以木材为主制作的结构15. 砌体结构 masonry structure以砌体为主制作的结构.它包括砖结构、石结构和其它材料的砌块结构.有无筋砌体结构和配筋砌体结构.16. 钢结构 steel structure以钢材为主制作的结构.其中由带钢或钢板经冷加工形成的型材所制作的结构称冷弯薄壁型钢结构.17. 混凝土砼结构 concrete structure以混凝土为主制作的结构.它包括素混凝土结构、钢筋混凝土结构和预应力混凝土结构等.18. 特种工程结构 special engineering structure指具有特种用途的建筑物、构筑物,如高耸结构,包括塔、烟囱、桅、海洋平台、容器、构架等各种结构.19. 房屋建筑 building在固定地点,为使用者或占用物提供庇护覆盖进行生活、生产或其它活动家的实体. 20. 工业建筑 industrial building提供生产用的各种建筑物,如车间、厂前区建筑、生活间、动力站、库房和运输设施等.21. 民用建筑 civil building; civil architecture指非生产性的居住建筑和公共建筑,如住宅、办公楼、幼儿园、学校、食堂、影剧院、商店、体育馆、旅馆、医院、展览馆等.22. 公路 highway联结城市和乡村,主要供汽车或其它车辆行驶并具备一定技术标准和设施的道路.23. 公路网 highway network一定区域内相互连络、交织成网状分布的公路系统.24. 高速公路 freeway具有四条或四条以上车道,设有中央分隔带,并具有完善的交通安全设施、管理设施和服务设施,为全立交、全封闭,专供汽车高速行驶的公路.25. 干线公路 arterial highway在公路网中起骨干作用的公路,分国家干线国道、省干线省道.26. 支线公路 feeder highway在公路网中起连接作用的一般公路,即县县道和乡乡道等公路.27. 铁路铁道 railway; railroad用机车牵引运货或运旅客的车厢组成列车,在一定轨距的轨道上行驶的交通运输线路.28. 标准轨距铁路 standard gauge railway在直线地段,轨距为1435mm的铁路.29. 宽轨距铁路 broad gauge railway在直线地段,轨距大于1435mm的铁路.30. 窄轨距铁路 narrow gauge railway在直线地段,轨距小于1435mm的铁路.31. 铁路枢纽 railway terminal在铁路网点或网端,由几个协同作业的车站、引入线路和联络路线组成的综合体. 32. 铁路车站 railway station设有各种用途的线路,并办理列车通过、到发、列车技术作业及客货运业务的分界点.33. 港口 port; harbour具有水陆联运条件和设施,供船舶安全进出和停泊以进行货物装卸作业或上下旅客以及军事用的交通运输枢纽.34. 港口水工建筑物 marine structure供港口正常生产作业的临水或水中建筑物.35. 通航过船建筑物 navigation structure; navigation construction在栏河闸、坝或急流卡口等所形成的水位集中落差处,为使船舶或排筏安全顺利地航驶而修建的水工建筑物.36. 灯塔 light house在海洋、江河和湖泊航线中,指引船舶安全行驶、识别方位并设有发光樗的塔形建筑物.37. 水利 water conservancy为控制或调整天然水在空间和时间上的分布,防治洪水和旱涝灾害,合理开发和利用水资源而进行的活动,如治河防洪,灌溉排水,水土保持,水力发电,内河航运与生活、工业、环境供水以及跨流域调水等.38. 水利枢纽 multipurpose hydraulic project; key water-control project; hydro-junction为治理水患和开发利用水资源,在各种水域的一定范围内修建的若干座作用不同而相互配合的水工建筑物组成的综合体.39. 水库 reservoir为治理河流和开发水资源,在狭谷或丘陵地带河流上建档水坝,利用天然地形构成的蓄水设施.40. 水工建筑物 hydraulic structure; marine structure; maritime construction为水利、水利发电、港口与航道等工程修建的承受水作用的各种建筑物总称.41. 档水建筑物 water retaining structure; retaining works栏截水流、调蓄流量、壅高水位的水工建筑物.42. 进水取水建筑物 intake structure人河流、湖泊、水库等引进水流、控制流量、阻拦泥沙及漂浮物的水工建筑物.43. 泄水建筑物 outlet structure; outlet works; sluice works在水利枢纽或输水系统中,宣泄水量的水工建筑物.44. 输水建筑物 conveyance structure向供水目标输送水量的水工建筑物.45. 整治建筑物 rcgulating structure; training structure rectification structure为整治河流、航道、具有调整河床边界、改变水流结构、影响泥沙运动、控制河床演变等作用的水工建筑物.46. 水电站 hydro-electric station; hydropower station由河河湖海的沙滩有变为电能的各种设备及配套构筑物组成的综合体.47. 水泵站抽水站、扬水站、提水站 pump station设置抽水装置及其辅助设备,将水送往高处的配套建筑物.48. 过木建筑物过木设施 raftpass facility log pass facility供输送竹、木材通过闸、坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施.49. 过钿建筑物过钽设施 fishpass facility供鱼类通过拦河闸坝等挡水建筑物的工程设施.50. 安全设施 safety device为保障人、车、行船的安全,在房屋、公路、铁路和港口、航道沿线所设置的地道、天桥、航标、灯塔、照明设备、防水设施、护栏、标柱、标志、标线等设施的总称.第二节房屋建筑结构术语1. 混合结构 mixed structure不同材料的构件或部件混合组成的结构.2. 板柱结构 slab-colume system由楼板和柱无梁组成承重体系的房屋结构,如升板结构、无梁楼盖结构、整体预应力板柱结构.3. 框架结构 frame structure由梁柱组成的能承受竖向、水平作用所产生各种效应的单层、多层或高层结构.4. 拱结构 arch structure由拱作为承承重体系的结构.5. 折板结构 folded-plate structure由多块条形或其它外形的平板组合而成,能作承重、围护用的薄壁空间结构.6. 壳体结构 shell structure由各种形状的曲面板与边缘构件梁、拱、桁架组成的大跨度覆盖或围护的空间结构. 7. 风架结构 space truss structure由多根杆件按一定网格形式通过节点连接而成的大跨度覆盖的空间结构.8. 悬索结构 cable-suspended structure由柔性受拉索及其边缘构件所组成的承重结构.9. 充气结构 pneumatic structure在以高分子材料制成的薄膜制品中充入空气后而形成房屋的结构.分气承式和气管式两种结构形式.10. 剪力墙结构墙结构 shear wall structure在高层和多层建筑中,竖向和水平作用均由钢筋混凝土或预应力混凝土墙体承受的结构.11. 框架-剪力墙结构 frame-shear wall structure在高层建筑或工业厂房中,剪力墙和框架共同承受竖向和水平作用的一种组合型结构.12. 筒体结构 tube structure由竖向箱形截面悬臂筒体组成的结构.筒体有剪力墙围成竖向箱形截面的薄壁筒和密柱框架组成竖向箱形截面的框筒.筒体由一个或多个组成；分筒中筒、单框筒、框架-薄壁筒和成束筒等四类.13. 悬挂结构 suspended structure将楼屋面系统的荷载通过吊杆传递到悬挂的水平桁架梁,再由悬挂的水平桁架梁传递到被悬挂的井筒上直至基础的结构.14. 高耸结构 high-rise structure高度大,水平横向向剖面相对小,并以水平荷载控制设计的结构.分自立式塔式结构和拉线式桅式结构两大类,如水塔、烟囱、电视塔、监测塔等.第三节公路路线和铁路线路术语1. 公路路线 highway公路中线的空间位置.2. 公路线形 highway alignment公路中线的立体形状,由若干直线段和曲线段连接而成.3. 平面线形 horizontal alignment公路中线在水平面上投影形状4. 纵面线形 vertical alignment公路中心在纵剖面上的投影形式.5. 公路选线 route selection根据自然条件、公路使用性质和技术标准,结合地形、地质条件,考虑安全、环境、土地利用和施工条件以及社会经济效益等各种因素,通过比较,选择路线走向及其控制位置的全过程.6. 公路定线 route location根据规定的技术标准和路线方案,结合技术经济条件,从平面、纵断面、横断面综合考虑,具体定出路线中心线的工作.7. 平面线 horizontal curve在平面线形中,路线转向处曲线的总称,包括圆曲线和缓和曲线8. 竖曲线 vertical curve在公路纵坡的变坡处设置的竖向曲线.9. 变坡点 grade change point路线纵断面上两相邻不同坡度线的相交点.10. 路线交叉 route intersection两条或两条以上公路的交会.11. 铁路线路 permanent way包括机车和车厢组成列车行驶的通路、轨道及支承轨道的中期、桥梁、涵洞、隧道及其它建筑物的总称.12. 铁路选线 railway location在已确定的铁路起点,经过地点和终点之间,根据国家经济发展规划、自然条件和运输任务,结合铁路动力设备,并按照列车运行规律与经济原则,选择铁路新路线和改进已有路线的最佳方案.13. 铁路定线 location对选线确定的线路进行勘测后,按照规范的技术规定,在线路地形图上,进行线路的平面和纵断面设计和布置车站、桥涵等建筑物的工作.14. 正线 main line连接并贯穿或直股伸入铁路车站的线路.只有一条正线的线路称为单线,有二条正线的线路称为双线.15. 站线 sidings铁路车站管理的线路中,除正线以外各种线路的统称,如列车到发线、调车线、货物装卸线等.16. 最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve在全线或某一地段内规定的圆曲线最小半径.17. 坡段 grade section两相邻变坡点间的长度 .18. 最大坡度 maximum grade一条线路上容许的最大设计坡度.19. 平面交叉 grade crossing铁路和铁路,铁路和公路称道口,公路和公路在同一平面上的交叉.20. 立体交叉 grade separation铁路和铁路,铁路和公路,公路和公路在不同高程上的交叉.第四节桥、涵洞和隧道术语1. 桥 bridge为公路、铁路、城市道路、管线、行人等跨越河流、山谷、道路等天然或人工障碍而建造的架空建筑物.2. 简支梁桥 simple supported girder bridge以简支梁作为桥跨结构的主要承重构件的梁式桥.3. 连续梁桥 continuous girder bridge以成列的连续梁作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的梁式桥.4. 悬臂梁桥 cantilever girder bridge以悬臂作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的梁式桥.5. 斜拉斜张桥 cable stayed bridge以斜拉斜张索连接索塔和主梁作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥.6. 悬索吊桥 suspension bridge以通过两索塔悬垂并锚固于两岸或桥两端的缆索或钢链作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥.7. 桁架桥 trussed bridge以桁架作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥,有桁架梁桥、桁架拱桥等.8．框架桥 frame bridge桥跨结构为整体箱形框架的桥.9．刚构刚架桥 rigid frame bridge桥跨结构与桥墩台刚性连接的桥,有连续、斜腿刚构桥等.10．拱桥 arch bridge以拱圈或拱肋作为桥跨结构主要承重构件的桥,有双曲、箱形拱桥等.11．漫水桥 submersible bridge容许洪水漫过桥面的桥.12．浮桥 pontoon bridge上部结构架高参水中浮动支承如船、筏、浮箱等上的桥.13．正交桥 right bridge桥的纵轴线与其跨越的河流流向或公路、铁路等路线轴向相垂直的桥.14．斜交桥 skew bridge桥的纵轴线怀其跨越的河流流向或公路、铁路等路线轴向不相垂直的桥15．跨线立交桥 grade separated bridge; overpass bridge跨越公路、铁路或城市道路等交通线路和桥.16．高架桥 viaduct代替高路堤跨越深谷、洼地或人工设施的桥.17．正主桥 main span跨越河道主槽部分或深谷、人工设施主要部分的桥.18．引桥 approach span连接路堤和正主桥的桥.19．弯桥 curved bridge桥面中心线在平面上为曲线的桥,有主梁为直线而桥面为曲线和主梁与桥面均为曲线两种情况.20．坡桥 Ramp bridge设置在纵坡路段上的桥.21．公路铁路两用桥 combined bridge; highway and railway transit bridge可供汽车和火车分道分层或并列行驶的桥.22．开合桥 movable bridge桥跨结构中具有可以提升、平旋或立旋开合的桥.23．单线桥 single-track bridge铺设一条铁路线路的桥.24．双线桥 double-track bridge铺设两条铁路线路的桥.25．桥跨结构上部结构 bridge superstructure桥的支承部分以上或拱桥起拱线以上跨越桥引的结构.26．桥面系 bridge floor system为提供列车、车辆、人群通过而设置桥面所需要的结构系统.27．桥支座 bridge bearing; bridge support支承桥跨结构,并将其荷载传给桥墩、桥台的构件.28．桥下部结构 bridge substructure为桥如、桥墩及桥梁基础的总称,用以支承桥梁上部结构将上部荷载传递给地基. 29．索塔桥塔 bridge tower支承悬索桥或斜张桥的主索并将荷载直接传给地基的塔形构筑物.30．桥台 abutment位于桥的两端与中基相衔接,并将桥上荷载传递到基础,又承受台后填土压力的构筑物. 31．桥墩 pier支承两相邻桥跨结构,并将其荷载传给地基的构筑物.32．涵洞 culvert横贯并埋设在路基或河堤中用以输水、排水或作为通道的构筑物.33．隧道洞 tunnel在道路、铁路及输水、泄水线路上,遇天然障碍时,穿越地层内部的地下或水底通道. 34．隧道洞口洞门 tunnel portal为保持洞口上方及两侧边坡的稳定,在隧道洞口修筑的墙式建筑物.35．隧道洞围岩 tunnel surrounding rock隧道洞周围一定范围内,对洞身的稳定产生影响的岩土体.36．隧道洞衬砌 tunnel lining为保证围岩稳定,防止隧道围崦变形或坍塌,并保持隧洞断面尺寸大小或使洞口内有良好水流条件,沿隧道洞身周边修筑的永久性支护结构层.第五节水工期建筑物术语1．坝 dam阻拦或拦蓄水充、壅高或调节上游水位的挡水建筑物.顶部不泄水的称非溢流坝,顶部泄水的称溢流坝.2．坝轴线 dam axis代表坝位置的一条横贯河谷的线.3．重力坝 gravity dam主要依靠自身重力,抵抗壅水作用于坝体的推力以保持稳定的坝.4．拱坝 arch dam平面呈拱向上游的曲线形坝,主要依靠拱的作用将壅水作用于坝体的推力传至两岸,以保持稳定的坝.5．支墩坝 buttress dam由一系列支墩和其上游挡水结构组成的坝6．土石坝 earth-rock dam; embankment dam用土、砂、砂砾石、卵石、块石、风化岩等材料经碾压或填筑建成的坝.7．混凝土坝 concrete dam用混凝土筑成的坝.8．橡胶坝 rubber dam; flexible dam; fabric dam锚着于底板上,以聚酯或橡胶为基质合成纤维织物形成袋囊,经充水气后形成的坝. 9．丁坝 spur dike; groin一端接河岸,一端伸向整治线,在平面上形成丁字形,坝轴线与流向交角分上挑、下挑或正挑的横向整治建筑物.10．顺坝 training dike一端接河岸,一端向下游延伸,坝轴线与流向平行或成一锐角,引导水流的纵向整建筑物. 11．溢洪道 spillway从水库向下游泄放超过水库调蓄能力的洪水,以保证工程安全的泄水建筑物.12．堰溢流堰 weir在顶部溢流的挡水、泄水建筑物.13．围堰 coffer dam用于水下施工的临时性挡水设施.14．水工隧洞 hydraulic tunnel在山体中或地面以下开挖的,具有封闭形断面和一定长度的过水建筑物.15．深式进水口 deep water intake人水库水面下一定深度处引水的水工隧洞或坝下埋管的首部建筑物.16．堤坝式水电站 dam type hydropower station用筑坝集中河段落差,形成发电淼砂的水电站.17．引水引水道式水电站 diversion conduit type hydropower staion利用引水道集中河段落差,形成必电水头的水电站.18．潮汐电站 tidal power station建于港湾入口处,利用海洋潮汐的动能转烃为电能的水电站.19．抽水蓄能电站 pumped storage power station具有抽水蓄能及发电两种功能的水电站.20．水电站厂房 powerhouse of hydropower station水电站中装置水轮发电机组及其辅助设备并为其安装、检修、运行及管理服务的建筑物,分河床式、坝后式、坝内式厂房或建在地面下的地下厂房21．前池 forebay设置在引水渠道末端及压力管道进口前的水池22．压力管道 pressure nconduit承受内水压力的封闭式输水管道.23．调压室 surge chamber设置在水电站较长的有压水疲乏中,使水流具有自由水面以减小水锤压力的贮水调压设施.24．尾水渠 tailrace尾水管与下游河槽之间输送发电尾水的渠道.25．船闸 navigation lock供船舶在水位集中落差处通航的一种箱形建筑物.26．升船机 shi lift; ship elevator在通航水道上有水位集中落差的地区,用机械或水力方法驱动升隆船舶,使船舶在水位落差处通过拦河坝的一种过船建筑物.27．水闸 sluice; barrage利用闸门控制流量、调节水位,既可挡水,又可泄水的建筑物.28．渠道 caual在地面上人工建造的开敞式输水通道.29．渡槽 aqueduct; bridged flume跨越洼地、道路、水道等衔接渠道的桥式建筑物.30．陡坡 chute以大于临界坡的底坡连接高、低渠道的开敞式过水建筑物.31．跌水 drop以集中跌落方式连接高、低渠道的开敞式或封闭式建筑物.32．坝内廊道系统 gallery system设在坝体内相互连通,并有进出口通向坝外的纵向、横向及竖向通道系统,具有灌浆、排水、检查、交通等多种功用.33．消能防冲设施 energy dissipating and anti-scour facility位于泄水建筑物下游侧,用以消减水流动能,并保护河底免受冲刷的结构设施.34．防渗设施 seepage control facility为防止和减少通过建筑物或地基渗流的设施35．排水设施 drainage facility排邮建筑物及地基中渗流的设施.36. 反滤设施倒滤设施 reverse filter为防止渗流导致土粒流失,而在渗流逸出外沿渗流方向按砂石材料颗粒粒径、土工织物纪隙尺寸,以逐渐增大的原则,分层填铺的滤水设施.37．水轮泵站 turbine-pump station利用水轮泵提水的泵站.38．水锤泵站 ram station利用水锤泵提水的泵站.39．坝下埋管 under dam culvert埋设在土石坝坝底,并在进口处设控制闸门的输水管道或洞40．沉消池 silting basin沉淀和清除水中部分泥沙的池.41．堤 dike; levee沿江、河、湖、海分洪区岸边修筑的挡水建筑物.42．防波堤 breakwater; mole防御风浪侵袭港口水域,保证港内水域平稳的水工建筑物.43．码头 wharf; quay供船舶停靠、装卸货物、上下旅客用的水工建筑物.44．斜坡码头 sloped wharf岩边断面呈斜坡状,设有固定坡道,并在坡道前端有趸船的徘船码头.45．墩式码头 dolphin wharf由靠船墩及工作平台、引桥等组成的靠船码头,主要型式有重力式墩式码头和高桩墩式码头.46．重力式码头 gravity quay-wall以结构本身和填料的重力保持稳定的靠船码头,主要型式有方块、沉箱及扶壁式等. 47．板桩码头 sheet-pile quay-wall由板桩、帽梁或胸墙、导梁和锚碇结构等所组成的靠船码头.48．高桩码头 open pier on piles; high-pile wharf主要是由部分桩身露出地面的桩和桩台组成的高桩承台式靠船码头.其特点是通过桩台将施加在码头上的荷载由桩传递到地基.49．浮趸船码头 floating pier; pontoon wharf由随水位涨落而升隆的趸船、支撑设施、引桥及护岸等组成的靠船码头.50．船坞 dock用于建造或检修航船的水工建筑物.由坞首、坞门、坞室、灌泄系统、拖系缆设备、动力和公用设施以及其它附属设备等组成,主要型式有干船坞和浮船坞.51．船台 ship-building berth在船舶上墩、下水构筑物中专门为修、造船舶有物场地.有露天船台、开敞船台和室内船台三种.52．滑道 slipway船舶上墩、下水用的轨道.第六节结构构件和部件术语1．构件 member组成结构的单元.2．部件 component; assembly parts结构中由若干构件组成的组合件,如楼梯、阳台、楼盖等.3．截面 section设计时所考虑的结构构件与某一平面的交面.当该交面与结构构件的纵向轴线或中面正交时的面称正截面,斜交时的面称斜截面.4．梁 beam; girder一种由支座支承的直线或曲线形构件.它主要承受各种作用产生的弯矩和剪力,有时也承受扭矩.5．拱 arch一种由支座支承的曲线或折线形构件.它主要承受各种作用产生的轴向压力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力,或扭矩.6．板 slab; plate一种由支座支承的平面尺寸大,而厚度相对较小的平面构件.它主要承受各种作用产生的弯矩和剪力.7．壳 shell一种曲面构件,它主要承受各种作用产生的中面内的力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力或扭矩. 8．柱 column一咱竖向直线构件.它主要承受各咱作用产生的轴向压力,有时也承受弯矩、剪力或扭矩. 9．墙 wall一种竖向平面或曲面构件.它主要承受各咱作用产生的中面内的力,有时也承受中面外的弯矩和剪力.10．桁架 truss由若干杆件构成的一种平面或空间的格架式结构或构件.各杆件主要承受各种作用产生的轴赂力,有时也承受节点弯矩和剪力.11．框架 frame由梁和柱连接而构成的一种平面或空间,单层或多层的结构.12．排架 bent frame由梁或桁架和柱铰接而成的单层框架.13．刚架刚构 rigid frame由梁和柱刚接而构成的框架.14．简支梁 simply supported beam梁搁置在两端支座上,其一端为轴向有约束的铰支座,另一端为能轴向滚动的支座. 15．悬臂梁 cantilever beam梁的一端为不产生轴向、垂直位移和转动的固定支座,另一端为自由端.16．两端固定梁 beam fixed at both ends梁的两端均为不产生轴向、垂直位移和转动的固定支座.17．连续梁 continuous beam具有三个或三个以上支座的梁.18．叠合梁 superposed beam截面由同一材料若干部分重叠而成为整体的梁.19．桩 pile沉入、打入或浇注于地基中的柱状支承构件,如木桩、钢桩、混凝土桩等.20．板桩 sheet pile全部或部分打入地基中,横截面为长方板形的支承构件,如钢板桩、钢筋混凝土板桩. 21．路面 pavement用筑路材料铺筑在公路路基上面,供车辆行驶的结构层,括面层含磨耗层、基层和垫层. 22．行车道 carriageway公路上代各咱车辆行驶部分的总称,包括快车行车道和慢行车道.23．变速车道 speed-change lane高等级公路上的加速度车道和减速车道的总称.。
建筑设计中英文对照
●房屋各部分 Parts of house屋面 roof屋脊 ridge坡屋顶 pitched roof单坡屋顶 pent roof, lean-to roof 人字屋顶 gable roof四坡顶 hipped roof屋面排水沟 valley卷材防水屋面 membrane roof找平层 screed-coat防水层 damp-proof course泛水 flashing屋顶层 garret阁楼 penthouse, loft, attic 天台 roof-deck晒台 drying stage组合烟囱 chimney stack屋檐 eave屋面排水 roofing drainage檐沟，明沟 gutter水落管 down-pipe, downspout雨棚 canopy, awning柱廊 colonnade走廊 corridor中庭 atrium山墙 gable女儿墙 parapet山花 pediment隅石砌 quoins阳台 balcony, veranda阳台栏杆 balustrade阳台栏杆柱 baluster, banister平台 terrace台阶 steps梯子 ladder梯级 step楼梯 staircase(＝step)楼梯踏步平板 tread楼梯踏步竖板 riser楼梯休息平台 landing直角转弯平台 quarter-space landing 梯宽 run of stair梯高 rise of stair楼梯扶手 rail, railing回转梯 corkscrew staircase，caracole 踏步突沿 nosing窗子 window百叶窗 blinds, louvers旋转窗 balance window平开窗，窗叶 casement窗扇 sash中旋窗 awning window上下推拉窗 double-hung window 屋顶通气窗 clerestory门窗亮子 transom窗框 window frame窗台 sill，cill采光顶 sunroof天窗 sunlight老虎窗 dormer-window通风窗 ventlight落地窗 French window墙壁 wall承重墙 bearing wall隔间 partition空心墙 cavity wall防火隔断(分区) compartmentation 剪力墙 shear panel墙裙 wainscot窗间墙 pier幕墙 curtain wall电梯 elevator, lift自动扶梯 escalator地板，楼面 floor夹层楼面 entresol，mezzanine 楼座 balcony楼板 slab天花板 ceiling壁炉 andiron，fireplace，grate 地下室 basement防火 fire-cut防火门 fire door耐热涂料 heat-resisting paints 绝热 heat insulation门槛 head-rail, sill柱子 column，post，pillar 柱头 column cap, head斜撑 knee brace悬索 catenary梁 beam基础梁 grade beam钢板梁 plate girder工字梁 I-beam过梁 lintel, lintol, head 椽子 purlin基础 foundation碎石垫层 hard core混凝土地基 concrete foundation 基座、柱础 pedestal独立基础 isolated footing放大基础 spreading footing条形基础 strip footing筏式基础 mat foundation浮筏基础 floating foundation 沉箱基础 caisson化粪池 cesspool, septic tank 伸缩缝 expansion joint冷桥 thermal bridge散水 wash, apron披水板 weathering-board桁架 truss组合桁架 composite truss框架 framework模板 formwork拱券 arch穹顶 dome平拱 flat arch筒拱 vault, vaulted roof半圆穹顶 concha瓦 shingle, tile砖 brick瓷砖 ceramic tile玻璃砖 glass blocks大理石 marble花岗岩 granite水磨石 terrazzo砌块 masonry混凝土 concrete预制混凝土 pre-ｃａｓｔ concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete钢筋 steel reinforcement水泥 cement抹灰，灰泥 plaster, stucco熟石灰 hydrate of lime, slaked-lime 砂浆 mortar抹灰层 floated coat饰面 finish木砖 grounds, timber brick 石膏 gypsum石膏板 plaster slab夹胶玻璃 plyglass胶合板 plywood, clip-board脚手架 scaffolding悬臂 cantilever叠涩，牛腿 corbel遮阳 sun shading●制图与构图用语草图 sketch, draft图纸 drawing施工图 working drawings工程 project方案 plan总图 grid总平面 site平面 floor立面 elevation正立面 facade剖面 section详图 detail门厅上部 upper foyer比例尺 scale=透视图，表现图 rendering透视 perspective轴测 isometric perspectiveAxonometric projection轴线 axis建筑面积 floor area, architecture area 相对标高 relative elevation/level层高，净空 headroom, headway室内 interior室外 exterior室内装修 interior decoration装饰 ornament广场 square, plaza, public square 流线 circulation解构 deconstruction空间 space, spatial比例 proportion统一 unity均衡 balance协调 harmony尺度 scale韵律 rhythm风格 style功能 function关系 relationship●房屋House高层建筑 high-rise building社区 housing complex家舍 house茅舍 cottage平房 one-story house，bungalow， plain-house二楼 two-story house公寓(建筑) apartment house公寓(房间) apartment(flat)(英)别墅 villa花园洋房 garden house寄宿舍 dormitory(美)供膳出租房间 board and lodging出租房间 room for rent(美)乡村旅舍 country inn供膳寄宿舍 boardinghouse大厦 mansions, edifice大楼 building预制装配式房屋 pre-fabricate house 小木屋 shack一个单元 one unit车库 garage报告厅 auditorium, lecture hall 多功能厅 multi-use hall阅览室 browsing room, reading room 茶室 refreshment room操作间 cab, utility room●居住Dwelling套房 suit主人套房 master suit门厅，前厅 lobby大厅 hall, main hall过厅 gallery起居间 living RM，family RM聚会厅 gathering RM，keeping RM休息厅 lounge, sitting RM客厅 parlor衣帽间 cloakroom更衣、衣橱间 walk-in-closet, W.I.C.厨房 kitchen餐厅 dinning room早餐厅 nook, breakfast room食品、餐具间 pantry, butlery浴室，洗手间 bathroom盥洗室 toilet room卫生间 water closet, W.C.前室，门厅 foyer寝室，卧房 bedroom主人房 master bedroom书斋，书房 study, library工作室，画室 studio私室，书斋 den化妆室 boudoir, dressing RM, powder RM 婴儿室 nursery客房 guestroom壁厨 closet, ambry洗衣间 laundry room地窖 cellar储藏室 storage健身房 exercise RM服务入口 service entry换鞋处 mud room游艺室 games room活动室 activities room音乐室 music alcove工人房 maid bedroom台球室 billiards room温室 greenhouse●家具Furniture方桌 square table圆桌 round table长方桌 rectangle table伸缩桌 extension table 小桌 side table凳子 stool有肘的椅子 armchair摇椅，安乐椅 rocking chair 藤椅 rattan chair塑料椅 plastic chair 帆布椅 deck chair折椅 folding chair 沙发 sofa长椅 couch桌子，餐桌 table玻璃桌子 glass table塑料桌子 acrylic table 木制饭桌 wooden-table。
建筑名词中英文对照
设计指标：s t a t i s t i c s 用地面积：site area建筑占地面积：building foot print总建筑面积：total area建筑面积 floor area，building area地上建筑面积：ground area地下建筑面积：underground area整体面积需求: Demand for built area公共绿地：public green land备用地用地：reserved land容积率：FAR建筑密度：building coverage绿地率：green ratio绿化率：green landscape ratio建筑高度：building height层数：number of floors停车位：parking unit地面停车：ground parking地下停车：underground parking使用面积：usable area公用面积：public area实用面积：effective area居住面积：living area计租面积 rental area?租用面积得房率：effien开间 bay进深 depth跨度 span坡度：slope，grade净空：clearance净高：clear height净空（楼梯间下）：headroom净距：clear distance套内面积：unit constraction area公摊面积：shared public area竣工面积：辅助面积：service area结构面积：structural area交通面积：communication area，passage area共有建筑面积：common building area共有建筑面积分摊系数：common building area amount coefficient 公用建筑面积：public building area销售面积：sales area绿化覆盖率：green coverage ratio层高：floor height净高：clear height公用建筑面积分摊系数：public building area amount coefficient 住宅用地： residential area 其他用地：公共服务设施用地：land for public facilities道路用地：land for roads公共绿地：public green space道路红线：road property line建筑线（建筑红线）：set back line用地红线： property line，boundary line第一轮：1st round计划和程序：schedule and program工程进度表：working schedule构造材料表：list of building materials and construction设计说明：design statement图纸目录和说明：list of drawings and descriptions项目标准：project standards总结：conclusion文本及陈述：封皮：cover目录：content技术经济指标：technical and economical index概念规划设计：conceptual master paln and architectural design 基地分析：location analysis项目区位分析图：description of the region site and city space view analyze概念构思说明：chief design concept指导思想（设计主旨）：key concepts概述：introduction宗旨：mission statement愿景及设计效果：vision and design concept城市空间景观分析：urban space landscape identity绿化景观分析：landscape analysis交通分析：traffic analysis生态系统：ecological system地块A：area A模型照片：model images案例分析：case study草图：sketches设计构思草图：concept sketches规划总平面图：site plan鸟瞰图：bird view功能分区图：function organization单体透视图：unit perspective 1-1剖面图：section 1-1立面图：elevation沿街立面图：street elevation平面图：plan地下一层平面图：basement plan；B1 plan 首层平面图：F1 plan；ground floor plan 二层平面图：2F floor plan设计阶段 stages of design草图 sketch方案 scheme初步设计 preliminary design施工图 working drawing平面图 plan平面放大图 plan in enlarged scale剖面图 section立面图 elevation节点详图 detail drawing透视图 perspective drawings鸟瞰图 birds-eye view示意图 schematic diagram区划图 block plan位置图 location示意图：schematic diagram背景介绍：project background报告书目的：purpose of report专案区位背景：Context of 。
建筑专业词汇中英对照版
1DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书planning proposals设计任务书design order标准规范standards and codes条件图information drawing设计基础资料basic data for design工艺流程图process flowchart工程地质资料engineering geological data 原始资料original data设计进度schedule of design2STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案scheme, draft草图sketch 会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design基础设计basic design具体设计detail design询价图enquiry drawing施工图working drawing, construction drawing竣工图as built drawing3CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰wind rose主导风向prevailing wind direction最大(平均)风速maximum (mean) wind velocity风荷载wind load最大(平均)降雨量maximum (mean) rainfall雷击及闪电thunder and lightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfall intensity年降雨量annual rainfall湿球温度wet bulb temperature干球温度dry bulb temperature冰冻期frost period冰冻线frost line冰冻区frost zone室外计算温度calculating outdoor temperature 采暖地区region with heating provision不采暖地区region without heating provision 绝对大气压absolute atmospheric pressure相对湿度relative humidity4GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间办公室office服务用房service room换班室shift room休息室rest room (break room)起居室living room浴室bathroom淋浴间shower 更衣室locker room厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房lift motor room车库garage清洁间cleaning room会议室(正式) conference room会议室meeting room衣柜间ward robe暖风间H.V.A.C room饭店restaurant餐厅canteen, dining room厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处reception area会计室accountant room秘书室secretary room电气室electrical room控制室control room工长室foreman office开关柜室switch gear前室antecabinet (Ante.)生产区production area马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utility room化验室laboratory room经理室manager room披屋(阁楼) penthouse警卫室guard house5ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roof ridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed 二毡三油2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic附加油毡一层extra ply of felt檐口eave挑檐overhanging eave檐沟eave gutter平屋面flat roof坡屋面pitched roof雨水管downspout, rain water pipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchment area泛水flashing内排水interior drainage外排水exterior drainage滴水drip屋面排水roof drainage找平层leveling course卷材屋面built-up roofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofing board天花板ceiling board防水层water-proof course检查孔inspection hole人孔manhole吊顶suspended ceiling, false ceiling檐板(窗帘盒) cornice6WALL (CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)砖墙brick wall砌块墙block wall清水砖墙brick wall without plastering 抹灰墙rendered wall石膏板墙gypsum board, plaster board 空心砖墙hollow brick wall承重墙bearing wall非承重墙non-bearing wall纵墙longitudinal wall横墙transverse wall外墙external (exterior) wall内墙internal (interior) wall填充墙filler wall防火墙fire wall窗间墙wall between window 空心墙cavity wall压顶coping圈梁gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断glazed wall防潮层damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansion joint沉降缝settlement joint抗震缝seismic joint复合夹心板sandwich board压型单板corrugated single steel plate外墙板cladding panel复合板composite panel轻质隔断light-weight partition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinth7FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面ground and floor素土夯实rammed earth炉渣夯实tamped cinder填土filled earth回填土夯实tamped backfill垫层bedding course, blinding面层covering, finish结合层bonding (binding) course找平层leveling course素水泥浆结合层neat cement binding course混凝土地面concrete floor水泥地面cement floor机器磨平混凝土地面machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面terrazzo flooring马赛克地面mosaic flooring瓷砖地面ceramic tile flooring油地毡地面linoleum flooring预制水磨石地面precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅joist 硬木毛地面hard-wood rough flooring企口板地面tongued and grooved flooring防酸地面acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforced concrete slab (R.CSlab)乙烯基地面vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条divider strip for terrazzo地面做2％坡floor with 2% slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainage trench沟盖板trench cover活动盖板removable cover plate集水坑sump pit孔翻边hole up stand电缆沟cable trench8DOORS//WINDOWS门窗木(钢)门wooden (steel) door镶板门panelled door夹板门plywood door铝合金门aluminum alloy door卷帘门roller shutter door弹簧门swing door推拉门sliding door平开门side-hung door折叠门folding door旋转门revolving door玻璃门glazed door密闭门air-Tight door保温门thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门galvanized steel wire mesh door 防火门fire door(大门上的)小门wicket门框door frame门扇door leaf门洞door opening结构开洞structural opening单扇门single door双扇门double door疏散门emergency door纱门screen door 门槛door sill门过梁door lintel上冒头top rail下冒头bottom rail门边木stile门樘侧料side jumb槽口notch木窗wooden window钢窗steel window铝合金窗aluminum alloy window百叶窗(通风为主) sun-bind, louver (louver,shutter, blind)塑钢窗plastic steel window空腹钢窗hollow steel window固定窗fixed window平开窗side-hung window推拉窗sliding window气窗transom上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗hopper window活动百叶窗adjustable louver天窗skylight老虎窗dormer window密封双层玻璃sealed double glazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁reinforced brick lintel窗扇casement sash窗台window sill窗台板window board窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条cover mould窗帘盒curtain box合页(铰链) hinge (butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliament hinge 闭门器door closer地弹簧floor closer插销bolt门锁door lock 拉手pull链条chain门钩door hanger碰球ball latch窗钩window catch暗插销insert bolt电动开关器electric opener平板玻璃plate glass夹丝玻璃wire glass透明玻璃clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃bullet-proof glass石英玻璃quartz glass吸热玻璃heat absorbing glass磨光玻璃polished glass着色玻璃pigmented glass玻璃瓦glass tile玻璃砖glass block有机玻璃organic glass9STAIR/LIFT (ELEVATOR) 楼梯、电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergency stair旋转梯spiral stair (circular stair)吊车梯crane ladder直爬梯vertical ladder踏步step扇形踏步winder (wheel step)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度tread width防滑条non-slip insert (strips)栏杆railing (balustrade)平台栏杆platform railing吊装孔栏杆railing around mounting hole 扶手handrail梯段高度height of flight防护梯笼protecting cage (safety cage)平台landing (platform)操作平台operating platform装卸平台platform for loading & unloading 楼梯平台stair landing客梯passenger lift货梯goods lift客/货两用梯goods/passenger lift液压电梯hydraulic lift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observation elevator电梯机房lift mortar room电梯坑lift pit电梯井道lift shaft10BUILDING MATERIAL建筑材料10.1Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦红砖red brick粘土砖clay brick瓷砖glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖fire brick空心砖hollow brick面砖facing brick地板砖flooring tile缸砖clinkery brick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsite concrete琉璃瓦glazed tile脊瓦ridge tile石棉瓦asbestos tile (shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugated asbestos cementsheet10.2Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉white marble花岗岩granite碎石crushed stone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂course sand中砂medium sand 细砂fine sand10.3Cement/Mortar/Concrete 水泥、砂浆、混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥) Portland cement硅酸盐水泥silicate cement火山灰水泥pozzolana cement白水泥white cement水泥砂浆cement mortar石灰砂浆lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar保温砂浆thermal mortar防水砂浆water-proof mortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistant mortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆bituminous mortar纸筋灰paper strip mixed lime mortar麻刀灰hemp cut lime mortar灰缝mortar joint素混凝土plain concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete轻质混凝土lightweight concrete细石混凝土fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土asphalt concrete泡沫混凝土foamed concrete炉渣混凝土cinder concrete10.4Facing/Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石granitic plaster斩假石artificial stone刷浆lime wash可赛银casein大白浆white wash麻刀灰打底hemp cuts and lime as base喷大白浆两道sprayed twice with white wash分格抹水泥砂浆cement mortar plaster sectioned 板条抹灰lath and plaster10.5Asphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphalt felt沥青填料asphalt filler沥青胶泥asphalt grout冷底子油adhesive bitumen primer沥青玛啼脂asphaltic mastic沥青麻丝bitumastic oakum石棉板asbestos sheet 石棉纤维asbestos fiberTimber 木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木round timber方木square timber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松red pine白松white pine落叶松deciduous pine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨white poplar桦木birch冷杉fir栎木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphor wood防腐解决的木材preservative-treated lumber 胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tongued and grooved board层夹板laminated plank胶合层夹木材glue-laminated lumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bamboo10.6Metallic Materials 金属材料黑色金属ferrous metal圆钢steelbBar方钢square steel扁钢steel strap,flat steel型钢steel section (shape) 槽钢channel角钢angle steel等边角钢equal-leg angle不等边角钢unequal-leg angle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wide flange I-beam丁( 之)字钢T-bar (Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢light gauge cold-formed steelshape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloy steel钛合金titanium alloy不锈钢stainless steel竹节钢筋corrugated steel bar变形钢筋deformed bar光圆钢筋plain round bar钢板steel plate薄钢板thin steel plate低碳钢low carbon steel冷弯cold bending钢管steel pipe (tube)无缝钢管seamless steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe黑铁管iron pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe铸铁cast iron生铁pig iron熟铁wrought iron镀锌铁皮galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝galvanized steel wire钢丝网steel wire mesh多孔金属网expanded metal锰钢managanese steel高强度合金钢high strength alloy steel 10.7Non-Ferrous Metal 有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass 青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅lead10.8Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene, polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylic resin乙烯基酯vinyl ester橡胶内衬rubber lining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumen paint环氧树脂漆epoxy resin paint氧化锌底漆zinc oxide primer防锈漆anti-rust paint耐酸漆acid-resistant paint耐碱漆alkali-resistant paint水玻璃sodium silicate树脂砂浆resin-bonded mortar环氧树脂epoxy resin10.9Building Hardware 建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail环纹石膏板钉annular-ring gypsum board nail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-head screw螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercial bolt高强螺栓high strength bolt预埋螺栓insert bolt胀锚螺栓cinch bolt垫片washer10.10Paint 油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitive primer 防腐漆anti-corrosion paint调和漆mixed paint无光漆flat paint透明漆varnish 银粉漆aluminum paint磁漆enamel paint干性油drying oil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青漆asphalt paint桐油tung oil, Chinese wood oil红丹red lead铅油lead oil腻子putty11OTHER其它建筑术语11.1Discipline 专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水water supply and drainage总图plot plan采暖通风H.V.A.C电力供应electric power supply电气照明electric lighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heat power supply动力mechanical power工艺process technology管道piping11.2Conventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architectural style民用建筑civil architecture城市建筑urban architecture农村建筑rural architecture农业建筑farm building工业建筑industrial building重工业的heavy industrial轻工业的light industrial古代建筑ancient architecture现代建筑modern architecture标准化建筑standardized buildings 附属建筑auxiliary buildings城市规划city planning厂区内within site 厂区外offsite封闭式closed type开敞式open type半开敞式semi-open type模数制modular system单位造价unit cost概算preliminary estimate承包商constructor, contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic, quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量traffic volume货流量freight traffic volume人流量pedestrian volume透视图perspective drawing建筑模型building model11.3Architectural Physics 建筑物理照明illumination照度degree of illumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光natural lighting 光强light intensity侧光side light顶光top light眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermal insulation恒温constant temperature 恒湿constant humidity噪音noise 隔音sound-proof吸音sound absorption露点dew point隔汽vapor-proof11.4Name Of Professional role 职务名称项目经理project manager (PM)设计经理design manager首席建筑师principal architect总工程师chief engineer土木工程师civil engineer工艺工程师process engineer电气工程师electrical engineer机械工程师mechanical engineer计划工程师planning engineer助理工程师assistant engineer实习生probationer专家specialist, expert制图员draftsman技术员technician11.5Drafting 制图总说明general specification工程说明project specification采用标准规范目录list of standards andspecification adopted图纸目录list of drawings平面图plan局部放大图detail with enlarged scale．．．平面示意图schematic plan of...．．．平剖面图sectional plan of...留孔平面图plan of provision of holes 剖面section纵剖面longitudinal section横剖面cross (transverse) section立面elevation正立面front elevation透视图perspective drawing侧立面side elevation背立面back elevation详图detail drawings典型节点typical detail节点号detail No.首页front page 图纸目录及说明list of contents and description图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图load diagram流程示意图flow diagram标准图standard drawing．．．布置图layout of ...地形图topographical map土方工程图earth-work drawing展开图developed drawing模板图formwork drawing配筋arrangement of reinforcement表格tables工程进度表working schedule技术经济指标technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表list of buildings and structures编号coding序列号serial No.行和栏rows and columns备注remarks等级grade直线straight Line曲线curves曲折线zigzag line虚线dotted line实线solid line影线hatching line点划线dot and dash line 轴线axis等高线contour Line中心线center Line双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola切线tangent Line尺寸线dimension Line园形round环形annular方形square矩形rectangle平行四边形parallelogram 三角形triangle 五角形pentagon六角形hexagon八角形octagon梯形trapezoid圆圈circle弓形sagment扇形sector球形的spherical抛物面paraboloid圆锥形cone椭圆形ellipse, oblong面积area体积volume容量capacity重量weight质量mass力force米meter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter公顷hectate牛顿/平方米Newton/square meter公斤/立方米kilogram/cubic meter英尺foot英寸inch磅pound吨ton加仑gallon千磅kip平均尺寸average dimension 变尺寸variable dimension外形尺寸overall dimension展开尺寸developed dimension 内径inside diameter外径outside diameter净重net weight毛重gross weight数量quantity比例percentage净空clearance净高headroom净距clear distance 净跨clear span截面尺寸sectional dimension开间bay进深depth单跨single span双跨double span多跨multi-span标高elevation, level绝对标高absolute elevation设计标高designed elevation室外地面标高ground elevation室内地面标高floor elevation柱网column grid坐标coordinate厂区占地site area使用面积usable area辅助面积service area通道面积passage area管架pipe rack管廊pipeline gallery架空管线overhead pipeline排水沟drain ditch集水坑sump pit喷泉fountain地漏floor drain消火栓fire hydrant灭火器fire extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon dioxide extinguisher卤代烷灭火器halon extinguisher。
(完整word版)建筑术语中英文对照
建筑术语中英文对照建筑 build; architecture; construct; architectural; architectural & industrial ceramics建筑安装工程量 construction work quantity建筑板材 building board建筑材料表 list of building materials建筑材料检验 building material testing建筑材料行 building material dealer建筑材料运输列车 construction train建筑草图 architectural sketch建筑朝向 building orientation建筑成本预算 construction cost estimate建筑承包商 building contractor建筑尺度 architectural scale建筑处理 architectural treatment建筑创作 architectural creation建筑大五金 architectural metalwork建筑大样 architectural detail建筑单元 building unit建筑费 construction cost建筑风格 architectural style建筑辅助系统 building subsystem建筑钢 construction(al) steel建筑钢板 building sheet建筑高度 building height; height of building建筑高度分区 building height zoning; height zoning建筑工程升降机 builder's lift建筑工地选择 siting建筑工羊角锤头 builder's claw hammer head建筑工业 building industry; construction industry建筑工种 building trades建筑构思 architectural conception建筑构图 compostion on architecture; architectural composition 建筑构造 building construction建筑估价 building cost estimate建筑管理 architectural control建筑规程 building regulations建筑规范 building code建筑机械 construction machinery; building machinery建筑及维护规则 recommendation建筑结构 building structure建筑结构分析语言 structural engineering system solver (STRESS) 建筑立面 elevation of building; building elevation建筑沥青 bitumen for building; building asphalt No. 10建筑力学 architectural mechanics建筑铝型材生产线 architectural aluminium profile production line 建筑毛面积 gross floor area建筑毛造价 gross building cost建筑面积 area of structure; covered area建筑面积比 floor-area ratio (F.A.R.)建筑面积指标 floor-space index (F.S.I.)建筑模数 building module建筑配景 entourage of building建筑平面 architectural plane; building plane建筑起重机 building crane; construction-site crane建筑砌块 building block建筑气候分区 climate region of building建筑青铜 architectural bronze建筑青铜合金 architectural bronze建筑声学 architectural acoustics建筑石 paring stone建筑石料 building stone建筑时期观念 construction period concept建筑史 architectural history; history of architecture 建筑收进线 building setback line建筑陶板 architectural terra-cotta (ATC)建筑陶瓷 architectural pottery建筑特色 architectural feature建筑体积 architectural volume; cubage建筑体积计算 cubing建筑体系 building system建筑体形 building size建筑透视 architectural perspective建筑外壳 building shell建筑外形 architectural appearance建筑物 building; structure建筑物保险 building insurance建筑物朝向 direction of building建筑物基础 building foundation建筑物间距 distance between buildings建筑物理 architectural physics; building physics建筑物缺隐 building deficiency建筑物入口 building entrance建筑物租约 building lease建筑现场 construction建筑限制 building restriction建筑限制线 building restiction line建筑效果 architectural effect建筑型钢轧机机座 structural stand建筑型式 type of construction; architectural form建筑遗产 architectural heritage建筑艺术 architectural art建筑艺术处理 artistic treatment in architecture; architectural  treatment建筑艺术形式 artistic form of architecture建筑用地 building lot; building site; lot建筑用地规划 plot planning; block planning建筑用钢铁 constructional iron建筑用黄铜 architectural brass建筑用木材 building timber建筑用提升机 service-building elevator建筑原理 architectonics; architectural principle建筑造型艺术 art of architectural modelling建筑占地系数 coefficient of land used for buildings建筑障碍 architectural barriers建筑照明 architectural lighting建筑折旧准备 buildings depreciation reserve建筑哲理 architectural philosophy建筑柱式 architectural orders; orders of architecture建筑装饰 architectural decoration; architectural ornament建筑装饰彩釉砂涂料 colour-glazed sand paint for building decoration建筑装饰学 architectural decoration建筑装修五金 architectural metalwork建筑自动化 building automation建筑自重 structural weight per square meter建筑渲染 architectural rendering; rendu施工 construct; execution; construction; execution of works施工安装图 construction and erection drawing施工安装用的机械及工具 machines and tools for construction and erection施工标桩 construction stake施工布置图 construction plan施工步骤 construction procedure; construction steps施工测量 construction survey施工程序 construction program; execution programme for works施工程序网络图 project network施工贷款 construction loan施工单位 construction organization; builder施工道路 construction road施工地点 job location施工吊车 construction hoist施工定额 construction norm施工队 construction team施工方法 job practice施工方式 form of construction work施工费用 construction cost施工缝 construction joint施工工程 construction work施工工程师 construction engineer; operating engineer施工工程学 construction engineering施工工期 construction period施工工种 construction trade施工规模 scope of construction item; size of construction施工荷载 construction loads; working load施工合同 construction contract施工机械 construction machinery施工机械费 cost of constructor's mechanical plant施工机械化 mechanization of building operation; mechanization of  construction施工机械化系数 coefficient of construction mechanization施工技术财务计划 financial plan for construction technology施工计划 construction plan; construction program(me)施工监督 supervision of construction; supervision; monitoring施工检查 inspection of construction施工检查员 construction inspector施工阶段 construction stage; construction phase施工进度 construction progress施工进度表 schedule of construction; schedule of operations; work-schedule施工进度计划 detailed construction schedule; construction schedule施工经济学 construction economics施工经理 construction manager施工经验 construction experience施工卷扬机 builder's hoist; builder's winch施工临时螺栓 construction bolt施工流水作业法 construction streamline method施工面积 floor space under construction施工平面图 construction plan施工期 construction period施工起重机 construction hoist施工企业 construction enterprises施工前阶段 preconstruction stage施工区 construction area施工缺陷 constructional deficiency施工人员 constructor; builder施工设备 plant for construction; construction equipment施工设计 detail design; detailed engineering施工水平仪 builder's level施工说明 general des cription of construction施工说明书 construction specifications施工图设计 construction documents design施工图设计阶段 construction documents design phase; construction  documents phase施工图预算 working drawing estimate施工文件 construction documents (包括施工图及说明)施工误差 construction error施工现场 fabricating yard; job location施工详图 detail of construction; construction detail; working drawing施工项目 project under construction; construction item施工项目编号 construction item reference number施工效率 efficiency of construction施工性能 workability施工许可证 builder's licence施工验收技术规范 technical code for work and acceptance施工依据 manufacture bases施工营业执照 builder's licence施工预算 construction estimate施工执照 building permit施工准备 preliminary work for construction; preparations for  construction施工准备计划 preparatory plan施工总平面图 overall construction site plan施工总则 general conditions of construction施工组织设计 construction management plan施工作业计划 work element construction program项目 subject of entry; item项目报告 project paper项目编制阶段 project preparation phase项目标记 project mark项目财务估价 project financial evaluation项目采购 project purchasing项目成本 project cost; item cost项目筹备融通资金 project preparation facility (PPF)项目贷款 project finance; project-financing loan; project loan 项目单 menu项目的拟订 project formulation项目的所有者 owner of the project项目的总投标价值 total tender value of project项目发展周期 project development cycle项目范围 scope of project项目方案 project alternatives项目分隔符 item separation symbol项目分类 classification of items项目分配 allocation of items项目分析 item analysis项目工程师 project engineer项目工程师负责制 project engineer system项目管理人 project manager项目号 item number项目核对法 check list (市场调查技术之一)项目核准权 projects approval authority项目后评价 post project evaluation项目后评价和后继行动 post project evaluation and followup项目划分 segregation of items项目化组织 projectized organization项目环境生态评价 environmental appraisal of a project项目货款额度 project line项目技术评价 project technology evaluation项目计划 project plan项目计划设计图 project planning chart项目记录 item record项目加权 item weighting项目检验回归曲线 item-test regression curve项目建设费用 cost of project implementation项目建设进度表 project implementation scheduling项目建议书 proposals for the projects项目经济估价 project economic evaluation; economic evaluation of a project项目经理 project manager项目矩阵组织 project matrix organization项目控制 project control项目块 entry block项目历史 history of project项目目标管理 project management by objectives项目匹配法 matching item项目评估 project appraisal; project evaluation项目评估法 Project Evaluation and Review Technique项目企业经济评价 enterprise's economic appraisal of a project 项目删除 deletion of items项目上端 item top项目社会评价 project's social value appraisal项目设备 project equipment项目设计 item design项目设计工程师负责制 project engineer responsibility system 项目生产 project production项目说明 item des cription项目说明书 specification of an item项目投资时期 investment phase of a project项目图与布置图 project charts and layouts项目网络法 project network technique项目网络分析 project network analysis项目文件 item file项目小组 project group; project team organiztion项目行 item line项目修理通知单 item repairing order项目选择 project selection项目训练法 project training项目研究编目 item study listing项目研究小组 project team项目一次采购法 project purchasing项目一览表 itemized schedule项目预算 program budget; project budget项目预算编制 program budgeting项目政治评价 political appraisal of a project项目支助业务 project supporting services项目执行 project implementation项目执行情况审计报告 project performance audity report (PPAR) 项目指标 project indicators项目转移 item advance项目资金筹措 project financing。
建筑名词中英文对照
设计指标：statistics用地面积：sitearea建筑占地面积：buildingfootprint 总建筑面积：totalarea建筑面积floorarea，buildingarea容积率：绿地率：绿化率：层数：停车位：使用面积：usablearea公用面积：publicarea实用面积：effectivearea居住面积：livingarea计租面积rentalarea?租用面积得房率：effien开间bay进深depth跨度span坡度：slope，grade净空：clearance净高：净距：层高：floorheight净高：clearheight公用建筑面积分摊系数：publicbuildingareaamountcoefficient 住宅用地：residentialarea其他用地：公共服务设施用地：landforpublicfacilities道路用地：landforroads公共绿地：publicgreenspace道路红线：roadpropertyline建筑线（建筑红线）：setbackline用地红线：propertyline，boundaryline 第一轮：1stround总结：封皮：目录：概念构思说明：chiefdesignconcept指导思想（设计主旨）：keyconcepts概述：introduction宗旨：missionstatement愿景及设计效果：visionanddesignconcept城市空间景观分析：urbanspacelandscapeidentity 绿化景观分析：landscapeanalysis交通分析：trafficanalysis生态系统：ecologicalsystem地块A：areaA模型照片：modelimages草图：鸟瞰图：剖面图：立面图：平面图：设计阶段stagesofdesign草图sketch方案scheme初步设计preliminarydesign施工图workingdrawing平面图plan平面放大图planinenlargedscale剖面图section立面图elevation节点详图detaildrawing透视图perspectivedrawings鸟瞰图示意图区划图位置图示意图：现状城市机理：existingcityfabric机遇与限制：opportunitiesandconstrains 经济分析与策略：economicstrategies房地产经济：realestatemarket标高elevation绝对标高absoluteelevation相对标高relativeelevation设计标高designedelevation海拔标高：altitudeelevationabovesealevel 坐标ordinate基准点datummark等高线高差设计进度设计范围方案比较建筑形式自然条件风玫瑰图地形图现场勘查防火等级fireresistancerating城市干道citythoroughfares回车场turnarounds地下水：subsurfacewater，groundwater地表水：surfacewater汇水面积：watershedarea，catchmentarea 洪水位：flood（tide）level综合管沟：combinationofpipeline循环水系统：circulatingwatersystem消防系统：hydrantsystem雨水：rainwater，stormwater，drainwater水泵：透明度：化粪池：管井：雨水井：晶体：检修孔：防火规范建造投资景观设计概算：budgetaryestimate预算：budget决算：finalaccounts建筑绘图常用词线条：lines曲线：curve虚线：dottedline实线：fullline斜线：biasline双曲线：hyperbola；hyperbole 轴线：axis中心线：等高线：箭头：索引：垂直：水平：平行：横向的：圆形：方形：矩形：平行四边形：parallelogram六角形：hexagon梯形：trapezoid椭圆形：ellipticoval扇形：sector直角：rightangle圆角：roundedangle半径：radius直径：diameter外径：outsidediameter 内径：insidediameter长度：总长：宽度：高度：厚度：薄：深度：单位：公里：米：分米：厘米：毫米：重量：weight净重：netweight总重：totalweight公斤：kilogram克：gram吨:ton度：degree体积：volume数量：quantity公升：litter百分率：percentage描图纸：对称：结构：视线：板：热桥：斜线：扶手：钢结构：风口：封堵：Sealing主墙：ChiefWall铝板：AluminumSheet真空保温板：Vip=Vacuuminsulationpanel 保温：thermalinsulation吸音：soundabsorption耐火材料：non-inflammablematerials磨砂玻璃：sandblasedglass，rubbedglass 玻璃砖：glassbrick油漆：paint金：gold银：黄铜：青铜：铝：铸钢：不锈钢：纤维板：铁钉：铆钉：螺丝：螺栓：砂浆：mortar水泥：cement水磨石：terrazzo大理石：marble花岗岩：granite石膏：gypsum面砖：tile瓷砖：enameledbrick釉面砖：glazedtile琉璃砖：terracotta砖：brick马赛克：马桶：蹲坑：小便斗：洗脸盆：妇洗器：浴缸：淋浴：地漏：水龙头：毛巾架：肥皂盒：手纸盒：toiletpaperholder污水池：sewagesink厨房水池：kitchensink起重机，吊车：crane，monorail 壁柜：closet消火栓：firehydrant 窗帘：curtain窗帘盒：curtainbox窗台板：windowboard 外窗台：sill老虎窗：dormerwindow天窗：百叶窗：纱窗：卷帘门：旋转门：折门：弹簧门：防火门：柱子：玄关：隔断：partition过道：passageway标准层：standardfloor 阳台：balcony平台：terrace中庭：atrium走廊：corridor,passageway遮雨篷（遮阳篷）：awning入口：entrance地下室：basement,cellar半地下室：semibasement,subbasement公安局：法院：检察院：理性：浪漫：自然：科技：放松：活化：逻辑：logic混乱：confusion有秩序的：regular完整的：integrated；whole整齐：inorder；orderliness杂乱无章：scatteredanddisorderly 沉重：ponderosity可持续发展：sustainabledevelopment 弹性：flexible多元化：diverse创造：creativity启发：循环：二元：摘要：关键词：开放空间系统：openspacesystem区域中心：Regional/focalpoint景观轴线：greenaxis/finger山谷/溪流：valley/creek水体：waterbody绿色屏障：greenbackdrop山顶：hilltop景观视线分析：visualqualityanalysis 制高点：highpoint景观点：visualfocalpoint标志性建筑群：signaturebuildings主干道：次干道：支路：一期：详细规划：detailcontrolguideline土地需求总量分析：landdemandanalysis 规划结构：planningframework启动项目：pilotprojects邓加湖社区：dengjialakecommunity创意街区：creativedistrict湖畔社区：lakesidecommunity景观设计概念：landscapedesignconcepts 主要区域：keyareas感受：tofeel交流：tointeract颂赞：视觉景观散步道：眺望点：大草坪：塔：水岸步道：waterfrontboardwork绿廊：greencorridor声乐雕塑公园：soundsculpturepark地块界线：parcelline建议岸线：proposedlakeedge原有岸线：existinglakeedge开放空间：openspace水闸：watergate水坝：dam绿色建筑设计：greenbuildingdesign节能，有能源效果的：Energy-efficient热的：热封闭：1inch1foot1yard码1squareyard平方码=9sq.ft.平方英尺=0.836sq.metre平方米1acre英亩=4840sq.yd.平方码=0.405hectare公顷1squaremile平方英里=640acres英亩=259hectares公顷CubicMeasure体积单位:1cubicinch立方英寸=1***cu.centimetres立方厘米1cubicfoot立方英尺=1728cu.in.立方英寸=0.0283cu.metre立方米1cubicyard立方码=27cu.ft.立方英尺=0.765cu.metre立方米12CapacityMeasure容积单位:1、Britich英制1pint品脱=20fluidoz.液量盎司=34.68cu.in.立方英寸=0.568litre升1quart1gallon1peck1bushel1quarter2．1、1pint1quart1peck1bushel2．2、1pint1quart1gallonAvoirdupoisWeight常衡单位:1grain格令=0.065gram克1dram打兰=1.772grams克1ounce盎司=16drams打兰=28.35grams克1pound磅=16ounces盎司=7000grains谷=0.4536kilogram千克1stone英石=14pounds磅=6.35kilograms千克1quarter四分之一英担=2stones英石=12.70kilograms千克1hundredweight英担=4quarters四分之一英担=50.80kilograms千克1shortton短吨(美吨)=2000pounds磅=0.907tonne公吨1(long)ton长吨(英吨)=20hundredweight英担=1.016tonnes公吨二、公制到英制换算1metre1are1hectare1squarekilometre平方公里=e平方英里CubicMeasure体积单位:1cubiccentimetre立方厘米=0.061cu.inch立方英寸1cubicmetre立方米=1.308cu.yards立方码CapacityMeasure容积1millilitre毫升=0.002pint(British)英制品脱1centilitre厘升=10ml.毫升=0.018pint品脱1decilitre分升=10cl.厘升=0.176pint品脱1litre升=10dl.分升=1.76pints品脱1decalitre十升=10l.升=2.20gallons加伦1hectolitre百升=100l.升=2.75bushels蒲式耳1gram克仅供个人学习参考。
建筑设计中英对照表
建筑设计中英对照表●房屋各部分 Parts of house屋面 roof屋脊 ridge坡屋顶 pitched roof单坡屋顶 pent roof, lean-to roof人字屋顶 gable roof四坡顶 hipped roof屋面排水沟 valley卷材防水屋面 membrane roof找平层 screed-coat防水层 damp-proof course泛水 flashing屋顶层 garret阁楼 penthouse, loft, attic天台 roof-deck晒台 drying stage组合烟囱 chimney stack屋檐 eave屋面排水 roofing drainage檐沟，明沟 gutter水落管 down-pipe, downspout雨棚 canopy, awning柱廊 colonnade走廊 corridor中庭 atrium山墙 gable女儿墙 parapet山花 pediment隅石砌 quoins阳台 balcony, veranda阳台栏杆 balustrade阳台栏杆柱 baluster, banister平台 terrace台阶 steps梯子 ladder梯级 step楼梯 staircase(＝step)楼梯踏步平板 tread楼梯踏步竖板 riser楼梯休息平台 landing直角转弯平台quarter-space landing 梯宽 run of stair梯高 rise of stair楼梯扶手 rail, railing回转梯corkscrew staircase，caracole 踏步突沿 nosing窗子 window百叶窗 blinds, louvers旋转窗 balance window平开窗，窗叶 casement窗扇 sash中旋窗 awning window上下推拉窗double-hung window 屋顶通气窗 clerestory门窗亮子 transom窗框 window frame窗台 sill，cill采光顶 sunroof天窗 sunlight老虎窗 dormer-window通风窗 ventlight落地窗 French window墙壁 wall承重墙 bearing wall隔间 partition空心墙 cavity wall防火隔断(分区) compartmentation剪力墙 shear panel墙裙 wainscot窗间墙 pier幕墙 curtain wall电梯 elevator, lift自动扶梯 escalator地板，楼面 floor夹层楼面 entresol，mezzanine楼座 balcony楼板 slab天花板 ceiling壁炉 andiron，fireplace，grate地下室 basement防火 fire-cut防火门 fire door耐热涂料 heat-resisting paints绝热 heat insulation门槛 head-rail, sill柱子 column，post，pillar柱头 column cap, head斜撑 knee brace悬索 catenary梁 beam基础梁 grade beam钢板梁 plate girder工字梁 I-beam过梁 lintel, lintol, head椽子 purlin基础 foundation碎石垫层 hard core混凝土地基 concrete foundation 基座、柱础 pedestal独立基础 isolated footing放大基础 spreading footing条形基础 strip footing筏式基础 mat foundation浮筏基础 floating foundation 沉箱基础 caisson化粪池 cesspool, septic tank 伸缩缝 expansion joint冷桥 thermal bridge散水 wash, apron披水板 weathering-board桁架 truss组合桁架 composite truss框架 framework模板 formwork拱券 arch穹顶 dome平拱 flat arch筒拱 vault, vaulted roof半圆穹顶 concha瓦 shingle, tile砖 brick瓷砖 ceramic tile玻璃砖 glass blocks大理石 marble花岗岩 granite水磨石 terrazzo砌块 masonry混凝土 concrete预制混凝土 pre-cast concrete钢筋混凝土 reinforced concrete钢筋 steel reinforcement水泥 cement抹灰，灰泥 plaster, stucco熟石灰hydrate of lime, slaked-lime 砂浆 mortar抹灰层 floated coat饰面 finish木砖 grounds, timber brick石膏 gypsum石膏板 plaster slab夹胶玻璃 plyglass胶合板 plywood, clip-board脚手架 scaffolding悬臂 cantilever叠涩，牛腿 corbel遮阳 sun shading●制图与构图用语草图 sketch, draft图纸 drawing施工图 working drawings工程 project方案 plan总图 grid总平面 site平面 floor立面 elevation正立面 facade剖面 section详图 detail门厅上部 upper foyer比例尺 scale=透视图，表现图 rendering透视 perspective轴测isometric perspectiveAxonometric projection轴线 axis建筑面积 floor area, architecture area 相对标高 relative elevation/level层高，净空 headroom, headway室内 interior室外 exterior室内装修 interior decoration装饰 ornament广场 square, plaza, public square流线 circulation解构 deconstruction空间 space, spatial比例 proportion统一 unity均衡 balance协调 harmony尺度 scale韵律 rhythm风格 style功能 function关系 relationship●房屋House高层建筑high-rise building社区housing complex家舍house茅舍cottage平房one-story house，bungalow，plain-house二楼two-story house公寓(建筑) apartment house公寓(房间) apartment(flat)(英)别墅villa花园洋房garden house寄宿舍dormitory(美)供膳出租房间board and lodging出租房间room for rent(美)乡村旅舍country inn供膳寄宿舍boardinghouse大厦mansions, edifice大楼building预制装配式房屋 pre-fabricate house 小木屋 shack一个单元 one unit车库 garage报告厅auditorium, lecture hall多功能厅multi-use hall阅览室 browsing room, reading room 茶室refreshment room操作间cab, utility room●居住Dwelling套房 suit主人套房 master suit门厅，前厅 lobby大厅 hall, main hall过厅 gallery起居间 living RM，family RM聚会厅gathering RM，keeping RM休息厅 lounge, sitting RM客厅 parlor衣帽间 cloakroom更衣、衣橱间 walk-in-closet, W.I.C.厨房 kitchen餐厅 dinning room早餐厅 nook, breakfast room食品、餐具间 pantry, butlery浴室，洗手间 bathroom盥洗室 toilet room卫生间 water closet, W.C.前室，门厅 foyer寝室，卧房 bedroom主人房 master bedroom书斋，书房 study, library工作室，画室 studio私室，书斋 den化妆室 boudoir, dressing RM, powder RM 婴儿室 nursery客房 guestroom壁厨 closet, ambry洗衣间 laundry room地窖 cellar储藏室 storage健身房 exercise RM服务入口 service entry换鞋处 mud room游艺室 games room活动室 activities room音乐室 music alcove工人房 maid bedroom台球室 billiards room温室 greenhouse●家具Furniture方桌 square table圆桌 round table长方桌 rectangle table伸缩桌 extension table小桌 side table凳子 stool有肘的椅子 armchair摇椅，安乐椅 rocking chair藤椅 rattan chair塑料椅 plastic chair帆布椅 deck chair折椅 folding chair沙发 sofa长椅 couch桌子，餐桌 table玻璃桌子 glass table塑料桌子 acrylic table木制饭桌 wooden-table●庭院Yard家宅院 messuage门廊 porch, covered porch敞廊 loggia前院 front yard(美)；forecourt 中院(英) court yard后院 back-yard(美)侧院 quiet yard小庭院 garth天井 patio, patios, hypaethral 花园 garden树篱 hedge围场 enclosure花架 arbor bower草坪 lawn花坛 flowerbed灌木 bush, brush撒水器 sprinkler假山 rockery亭子，阁楼 pavillion小径 path车道 driveway游泳池 pool围墙 fence●前门Front door会发谐音钟声的门door chime 警报器 buzzer门铃 doorbell门环 doorknocker窥孔 peephole门把 knob门柱 doorjamb锁眼 keyhole转门 swinging door折门 fold-away (accordion) door●冷暖气Cooling and heating电风扇electric fan煤气暖炉gas heater (stove)石油暖炉kerosene heater(=stove) 电暖炉electric heater(=stove)暖气片panel heating散热器radiator冷气机air cooler空调机air-conditioner中央暖气central heating(system) 局部暖气space heating●几何名词直线 line曲线 curve圆弧 arc圆 circle椭圆 ellipse三角形 triangle正方形 square矩形 rectangle多边形 polygon螺旋线 spiral平行六面体parallelepiped球体 sphere半球 hemisphere●相关专业名称结构structure电气electric work给排水plumbing暖通HVAC,Heating/Ventilation/Air Condition 城市规划city planning●其他GRC玻璃纤维增强复合材料(Glass-fiber Reinforced Composite) PVC聚氯乙烯建构tectonic风格style古典主义Classicalism哥特复兴式Gothic Revival巴洛克风格Baroque洛可可Rococo文艺复兴Renaissance帕拉迪奥风格Palladian新艺术运动Art Nouveau理性主义Rationalism折衷主义Eclecticism粗野主义Brutalism风格主义Mannerism构成主义Constructivism国际主义风格International Style 功能主义Functionalism表现主义Expressionism现代主义Modernism新古典主义Neo-Classicism可持续建筑 Sustainable Architecture。
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第一节总平面Chapter1: Site Planning一、在方案设计阶段，总平面专业设计文件应包括：I. During the conceptual design period, the overall design documents should include:1. 设计说明书；1. Design Description;2. 设计图纸。
2. Drawings.二、设计说明书II. Design Description应对总体方案构思意图作详尽的文字阐述，并应列出技术经济指标表（包括总用地面积；总建筑面积；建筑占地面积；各主要建筑物的名称、层数、高度；以及建筑容积；覆盖率；道路广场铺砌面积；绿化面积；绿化率；必要时及有条件情况下计算场地初平土方工程量等）。
Design description should include detailed explanation about the idea of the overall design as well as a list of technical-economic indices (such as site area, total floor area, built-up area, major buildings’ names, levels and height, plot ratio, coverage rate, paving area of roads and plazas, green area, afforestation rate, calculation of land leveling earthwork if necessary and applicable, etc).三、设计图纸III. Drawings.1. 用地范围的区域位置；1. Site Location;2. 用地红线范围（各角点测量座标值、场地现状标高、地形地貌及其它现状情况反映）；2. Site Scope Defined by Building Lines (coordinates of angle points, current site level, terrain and landform, etc);3. 用地与周围环境情况反映（如用地外围城市道路；市政工程管线设施；原有建筑物、构筑物；四邻拟建建筑及原有古树名木、历史文化遗址保护等）。
3. Context of the Site (such as exterior urban streets, municipal pipelines and facilities, existing buildings and structures, buildings to be constructed, old and valuable trees, and heritage sites, etc).4. 总平面布局，其功能分区、总体布置及空间组合的考虑；道路广场布置；场地主要出入口车流、人流的交通组织分析（并应说明按规定计算的停车泊位数和实际布置的停车泊位数量）；以及其它反映方案特性的有关分析；消防、人防、绿化等全面考虑。
4. General Layout Plan including functional sub-areas, general layout, combination of variousspaces, analysis of vehicle and pedestrian movement through major entrances and exits (including required and actual parking space), other relevant analysis reflecting the proposal's uniqueness, considerations on fire-fighting, air defense and planting, etc.5．根据项目特点和招标人的要求提供的功能分析图、交通分析图、环境绿化景观分析图、日照分析图、内部流线分析图等5. (According to the development’s uniqueness and upon the bidder’s requirements) drawings of function analysis, traffic analysis, planting and landscape analysis, sunshine analysis, and interior drainage line analysis, etc.第二节建筑Chapter 2: Architectural Design一、在方案设计阶段，建筑专业设计文件应包括：I. During the conceptual design period, the architectural design documents should include:1. 设计说明书；1. Design Description;2. 设计图纸；2. Drawings.二、设计说明书II. Design Description1. 设计依据及设计要求：1. Basis and Requirements:1）计划任务书或上级主管部门下达的立项批文、项目可行性研究报告批文、合资协议书批文等；1) Project plan, or project approval document, feasibility report approval document and joint-investment agreement approval document issued by relevant authorities;2）红线图或土地使用批准文件；2) Map of building lines, or land use approval document;3）城市规划、人防等部门对建筑提供的设计要求；3) Requirements on building design by urban planning and air defense agencies, etc.4）建设单位签发的设计委托书及使用要求；4) Entrustment certificate of design and usage requirements given by the builder;5）可作为设计依据的其它有关文件。
5) Other relevant documents used as basis for design.2. 建筑设计的内容和范围：2. Content and Scope of Architectural Design:简述建筑地点及其周围环境、交通条件以及建筑用地的有关情况，如用地大小、形状及地形地貌，水文地质，供水、供电、供气，绿化，朝向等情况。
Bri ef introduction of the site’s location, context, traffic conditions and other relevant information such as site area size, shape, terrain, landform, hydrology, geology, water supply, power supply, gas supply, afforestation and orientation, etc.3. 方案设计所依据的技术准则，如建筑类别、防火等级、抗震烈度、人防等级的确定和建筑及装修标准等。
3. Technical standards used as basis for conceptual design, such as determination methods of building type, fire rating, anti-seismic property, air-defense level as well as architectural and decoration standards, etc.4. 设计构思和方案特点。
包括功能分区，交通组织，防火设计和安全疏散，自然环境条件和周围环境的利用，日照、自然通风、采光，建筑空间的处理，立面造型，结构选型和柱网选择等。
4. Design Idea and Development Features including functional sub-areas, traffic arrangement, fire-fighting design and safe evacuation, utilization of natural environment and context, sunshine, natural airing, daylight, arrangement of architectural spaces, facades, structure type and post network, etc.5. 垂直交通设施。
包括自动扶梯和电梯的选型、数量及功能划分。
5. Vertical Traffic Facilities: Including the types, numbers and functions of automatic escalators and lifts.6. 关于节能措施方面的必要说明，特殊情况下还要对音响、温、湿度等作专门说明。
6. Explanations on energy-saving measures. Special explanations on hi-fis, temperature and moisture may be necessary under certain circumstances.7. 有关技术经济指标及参数，如建筑总面积和各功能分区的面积，层高和建筑总高度。
其它如住宅中的户型、户室比、每户建筑面积和使用面积，旅馆建筑中不同标准的客房间数、床位数等。
7. Technical-economic indices and parameters, such as total floor area, area of functional sub-areas, floor height and total building height, etc. Other parameters include residential unit types, percentage of different unit types, floor area and usable area of each unit, as well as number of various guest rooms and beds for hotel buildings.主要技术经济指标Major Technical-economic Indices总用地面积M² Total Site Area M²总建筑面积M² Total Floor Area M²地上：On Ground:地下：Underground:建筑基底面积M² Base Area M²容积率% Plot Ratio % F A R建筑密度% Site coverage Intensity %绿地面积M² Planting Area M²绿地率% Green Ratio %汽车停车位个Parking Space for Vehicles地上：（辆）On Ground: (for how many vehicles)地下：（辆）Underground: (for how many vehicles)自行车位个Parking Space for Bicycles地下：（辆）Underground: (for how many Bicycles)地上：（辆）Underground: (for how many Bicycles)公共建筑可根据招标文件要求增加主要功能区分层面积表、旅馆建筑的客房构成、医院建筑的门诊人次及病床数、图书馆建筑的藏书、观演和体育建筑的座位数等。