2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题听力原文及参考答案(第3套)
2016年6月大学英语四级第三套真题及答案
2016年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套）Part III Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe studentsneed to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Finding the Right Home—and Contentment, Too[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype（固定看法)? Can doing one’s homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.[D] The most recent of these studies, published in The journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living,nursing homes and smaller residential care homes（known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t? [F] In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents’ responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore,might be no less depressed in assisted living（even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can’t just sa y, ‘Let’s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off,’” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”[I] Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility’s type, size or age；whether a chain owned it；how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents’ physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there.[J] As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or theirfamily members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones.（More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician（老年病学专家)at the University of North Carolina:“In a way, that could be liberating for families.”[L] Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don’t have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees.“Families can look a bit more for where the residents are goin g to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned；nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.40.The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.41.The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.42.At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.43.What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44.The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on mor e complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot prelo aded with a good set of values,” said Russell. Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless. The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to d o sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌).One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps（嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.46.What does the author say about the threat of robots?A)It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B)It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D)It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.47.What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A)They are aggressive. B)They are outgoing.C)They are ignorant. D)They are ill-bred.48.How do robots learn human values?A)By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B)By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D)By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.49.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A)Keep a distance from possible dangers. B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.C)Trigger its built-in alarm system at once. D)Do sufficient testing before taking action.50.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A)Determine what is moral and ethical. B)Design some large-scale experiments.C)Set rules for man-machine interaction. D)Develop a more sophisticated program.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity（长寿）?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic （神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re a dults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn’t destiny（命运), and everyone knows that individualscan learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.A)to see whether people’s personality affects their life spanB)to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their healthC)to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD)to examine all the factors contributing to longevity52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A)They have a good understanding of evolution.B)They are better at negotiating an agreement.C)They generally appear more resourceful.D)They are more likely to get over hardship.53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?A)Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B)Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C)Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect onlongevity.D)Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A)Children’s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.B)People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C)Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’.D)Mothers’negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s life spans.55.What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A)Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’s life span.B)Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C)Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D)Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle.Part IV TranslationDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
2016年6月大学英语四级真题及答案L
2016年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套）Part III Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Finding the Right Home—and Contentment, Too[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility —a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype（固定看法)? Can doing one’s homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.[D] The most recent of these studies, published in The journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes（known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?[F] In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents’ responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,”Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living（even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction betweenthe person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can’t just say, ‘Let’s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off,’”Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”[I] Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility’s type, size or age；whether a chain owned it；how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents’physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there. [J] As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones.（More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician（老年病学专家)at the University of North Carolina:“In a way, that could be liberating for families.”[L] Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don’t have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned；nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving theirparents in the decision-making process may prove very important.38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.40.The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.41.The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.42.At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.43.What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44.The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45.A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌).One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps（嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.46.What does the author say about the threat of robots?A)It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B)It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D)It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.47.What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A)They are aggressive. B)They are outgoing.C)They are ignorant. D)They are ill-bred.48.How do robots learn human values?A)By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B)By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D)By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.49.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A)Keep a distance from possible dangers. B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.C)Trigger its built-in alarm system at once. D)Do sufficient testing before taking action.50.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A)Determine what is moral and ethical. B)Design some large-scale experiments.C)Set rules for man-machine interaction. D)Develop a more sophisticated program.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity（长寿）?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic （神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also morelikely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn’t destiny（命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.A)to see whether people’s personality affects their life spanB)to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their healthC)to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD)to examine all the factors contributing to longevity52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A)They have a good understanding of evolution.B)They are better at negotiating an agreement.C)They generally appear more resourceful.D)They are more likely to get over hardship.53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?A)Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B)Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C)Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.D)Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A)Children’s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers.B)People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C)Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’.D)Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s life spans.55.What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A)Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’s life span.B)Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C)Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D)Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle.Part IV TranslationDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
2016年6月英语四级真题答案与解析(卷三)
2016 年6 月英语四级真题及答案解析（卷三）Part Ⅰ WritingDirections：1.【题干】For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【参考范文】Dear Mary，I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help when I was in difficulty. You have been very kind and helpful since we knew each other.Last week，I caught a bad cold and had to stay at home for a week. When I was worrying about the lessons，you came to my home after school and helped me with every subject. With your help，I didn't fall behind others.Again，thanks so much for your enthusiastic help. Even though you are to about to go abroad for further education I know that I will always stay in touch with you. I wish you every success in the future and I hope we can exchange more viewpoints on study.Please keep in touch，and drop in and visit us whenever you are in this part of the world.Very sincerelyPeterPartⅢ Reading ComprehensionSection ASigns barring cell-phone use are a familiar sight to anyone who has ever sat in a hospital waiting room. But the growing （27）popularity of electronic medical records has forced hospital-based doctors to become_dependent （28）on computers throughout the day，and desktops-which keep doctors from besides-are fast （29）giving way to wireless devices.As clerical loa ds increa s ed，"s omething had to_give （30），and that w a s al w a ys face time with patients，" says Dr.Bhakti Patel，a former chief resident in the University of Chicago's internal-medic ine program. In fall 2010，she helped_launch （31）a pilot project in Chicago to see if the iPad could improve working conditions and patient care. The experiment was so successful （32）that all internal-medicine program adopted the same_policy （33）in 2011. Medical schools at Yale and Stanford now have paperless，iPad-based curriculums. "You' ll want an iPad just so you can wear this" is the slogan for one of the new lab coats designed （34）with large pockets to accommodate tablet computers.A study of the University of Chicago iPad project found that patients got tests and tratement （35）faster if they were cared for by iPad-equipped residents. Many patients also gained （36）a better understanding of the illnesses that landed them in the hospital in the first place.27.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH. launchI.policyJ.prospectK.ratherL.reliableM.signalN.successfulO.treatments【答案】G【解析】28.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH. launchI.policyJ.prospect K.rather L.reliable M.signal N.successful O.treatments 【答案】A 【解析】29.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH. launchI.policyJ.prospect K.rather L.reliable M.signal N.successful O.treatments 【答案】C 【解析】30.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingunchI.policyJ.prospect K.rather L.reliable M.signal N.successful O.treatments 【答案】F 【解析】31.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH. launchI.policyJ.prospect K.rather L.reliable M.signal N.successful O.treatments 【答案】H 【解析】32.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH. launchI.policyJ.prospect K.rather L.reliable M.signal N.successful O.treatments 【答案】N 【解析】33.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH. launchI.policyJ.prospect K.rather L.reliableM.signal N.successful O.treatments 【答案】I 【解析】34.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingunchI.policyJ.prospect K.rather L.reliable M.signal N.successful O.treatments【答案】B 【解析】35.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH. launchI.policyJ.prospect K.rather L.reliable M.signal N.successful O.treatments 【答案】O 【解析】36.【题干】【选项】A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH. launchI.policyJ.prospectK.ratherL.reliableM.signalN.successfulO.treatments【答案】E【解析】Section BAncient Greek Wisdom Inspires Guidelines to Good Life[A]Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties from wars，terrorism，economic crises and a widespread outbreak of infectious diseases? The answer is yes，according to a new book The 10 Golden Rules：Ancient Wisdomfrom the Greek Philosophers on Living a Good Life. The book is co-authored by Long Island University's philosophy professor Michael Soupios and economics professor Panos Mourdoukoutas.[B]The wisdom of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless，says Soupios. The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it was first written many centuries ago. "There is no expiration（失效）date on wisdom，" he says "There is no shelf life on intelligence. I think that things have become very gloomy these day，lots of misunderstanding，misleading cues，a lot of what the ancients would have called sophistry（诡辩）.The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole，in a way that we tend not to see life today."Examine your life[C]Soupies，along with his co-author Panos Mourdoukoutas，developed their 10 golden rules by turning to the men behind that philosophy-Aristotle，Socrates，Epictetus and Pythagoras，among others. The first rule-examine your life- is the common thread that runs through the entire book. Soupios says that it is based on Plato's observation that the unexamined life is not worth living. "The Greek are always concerned about boxing themselves in，in terms of convicti ons（信念），" he s a ys. "S o take a s tep back，sw itch off the automatic pilot and actually stop and reflect about things like our priorities，our values，and our relationships."Stop worrying about what you can not control[D]As we begin to examine our life，Soupios says，we come to Rule No.2：Worry only about things that you can control. "The individual who promoted this idea was a Stoic philosopher His name is Epictetus，"he says." And what the Stoics say in general is simply this. There is a larger plan in life. You are not really going to be able to understand all of the dimerisions of this plan. You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan."[E]So，Soupios explains，it is not worth it to waste our physical，intellectual and spiritual energy worrying about things that are beyond our control. "I can not control whether or not I wind up getting the disease swine flu，for example." He says. "I mean，there are some cautious steps.I can take，but ultimately I can not guarantee myself that. So what Epictetus would say is sitting at home worrying about that would be wrong and wasterful and irrational. You should live yourlife attempting to identify and control those things which you can genuinely control."Seek true pleasure[F]To have a meaningful，happy life we need friends. But according to Aristotle-a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great-most relationships don't qualify as true friendships. "Just because I have a business relationship with an individual and I can profit from that relationship，it does not necessarily mean that this person is my friend." Soupios says. "Real friendship is when two individuals share the same soul. It is a beautiful and uncharacteristically poctic image thatAristotle offers."[G]In our pursuit of the good life，he says，it is important to seek out true pleasures-advice which was originally offered by Epicurus. But unlike the modern definition of Epicureanism as a life of indulgence（放纵）and luxury，for the ancient Greeks，it meant finding a state of calm，peace and mental case.[H]"This was the highest and most desirable form of pleasure and happiness for the ancient Epicureans." Soupios says. "This is something that is very much well worth considering here in the modern era. I do not think that we spend nearly enough time trying to concentrate on achieving a sort of calmness，a sort of contentment in mental and spiritual，which was identified by these people as the gighest form of happiness and pleasure."Do good to others[I]Other golden rules counsel us to master ourselves，to avoid excess and not to be a prosperous（发迹的）fool. There are also rules dealing with interpersonal relationships. Be a responsible human being and do not do evil things to others.[J]"This is Hesiod，of course，a younger contemporary poet，we believe，with Homer，" Soupios says. "Hesiod offers an idea-which you very often find in some of the word's great religions，in the Judeo-Christian tradition and in Islam an others-that in some sense，when you hurt another human being，you hurt yourself. That damaging other people in your community and in your life，trashing relationships，results in a kind of self-inflicted（自己招致的）spiritual wound."[K]Instead，Soupios says，ancient wisdom urges us to do good. Golden Rule No.10 for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded.[L]"Thi s is A e s op，the fabuli s（t 寓言家），the man of the s e charming little tale s，often told in terms of animals and animal relationships." He says. "I think what Aesop was suggesting is that when you offer a good turn to another human being. One can hope that that good deed will come back and sort of pay a profit to you，the doer of the good deed. Even if there is no concrete benefit paid in response to you good deed. At the very least，the doer of the good deed has the opportunity to enjoy a kind of spiritually enlightened moment."[M]Soupios say following the 10 Golden Rules based on ancient wisdom can guide us to the path of the good life where we stop living as onlookers and become engaged and happier human beings. And that，he notes，is a life worth living.37.【题干】According to an ancient Greek philosopher，it is impossible for us to understand every aspect of our life.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】D【解析】38.【题干】Ancient Philosophers saw life in a different light from people of today.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】B【解析】39.【题干】Not all your business partners are your soul mates.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】F【解析】40.【题干】We can live a peaceful life despite the various challenges of the modern world.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】E【解析】41.【题干】The doer of a good deed can feel spiritually rewarded even when they gain no concrete benefits.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】L【解析】42.【题干】How to achieve meatal 道义上的calmness and contentment is well worth our consideration today.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】H【解析】43.【题干】Michael Soupios suggests that we should stop and think carefully about our priorities in life.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】C【解析】44.【题干】Ancient philosophers strongly advise that we do good.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】I【解析】45.【题干】The wise teachings of ancient Greek thinkers are timeless，and are applicable to contemporary life.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】A【解析】46.【题干】Do harm to others and you do harm to yourself.A. AB. BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GH. HI.IJ.JK. KL.LM.M【答案】J【解析】Section CPassage OneQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Attitudes toward new technologies often along generational lines. That is，generally，younger people tend to outnumber older people on the front end of a technological shift.It is not always the case，though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars，there doesn't seem to be a clear generational divide. The public overall is split on whether they'd like to use a driverless car. In a study last year，of all people surveyed，48 percent said they wanted to ride in one，while 50 percent did not.The face that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady across generations suggests how transformative the shift to driverless cars could be. Not everyone wants a driverless car now and no one can get one yet but among those who are open to them，every age group is similarly engaged.Actually，this isn't surprising. Whereas older generations are sometime reluctant to adopt new technologies，driverless cars promise real value to these age groups in particular. Older adults，especially those with limited mobility or difficulty driving on their own，are one of the classic use-cases for driverless cars.This is especially interesting when you consider that younger people are generally more interested in travel-related technologies than older ones.When it comes to driverless cars，differences in attitude are more pronounced based on factors not related to age. College graduates，for example，are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with those who have less education，59 percent of college graduates said they would like to use a driverless car compared with 38 percent of those with a high-schooldiploma or less.Where a person lives matters，too. More people who lives in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas.While there's reason to believe that interest in self-driving cars is going up across the board，a person's age will have little to do with how self-driving cars can be becoming mainstream. Once driverless cares are actually available for safe，the early adopters will be the people who cn afford to buy them.47.【题干】What happens when a new technology emerges?【选项】A.It further widens the gap between the old and the young.B.It often leads to innovations in other related fields.C.It contribute greatly to the advance of society as a whole.D.It usually draws different reactions from different age groups.【答案】D【解析】Attitudes toward new technologies often along generational lines.48.【题干】What does the author say about the driverless car?【选项】A.It does not seem to create a generational divide.B.It will not necessarily reduce road accidents.C.It may start a revolution in the car industry.D.It has given rise to unrealistic expectations.【答案】A【解析】It is not always the case，though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars，there doesn't seem to be a clear generational divide.49.【题干】Why does the driverless car appeal to some old people?【选项】A.It saves their energy.B.It helps with their mobility.C.It adds to the safety of their travel.D.It stirs up their interest in life.【答案】B【解析】Older adults，especially those with limited mobility or difficulty driving on their own，are one of the classic use-cases for driverless cars.50.【题干】What is likely to affect one's attitude toward the driverless car?【选项】A.The location of their residence.B.The amount of their special interestC.The amount of training they r eceived.D.The length of their driving experience.【答案】A【解析】Where a person lives matters，too. More people who lives in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas.51.【题干】Who are likely to be the first to buy the driverless car?【选项】A.The senior.B.The educated.C.The weaIthy.D.The tech fans.【答案】D【解析】Passage TwoQuestion 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.In agrarian（农业的），pre-industrial Europe，"you'd w ant to w ake up early，s tart working with the sunrise，have a break to have the largest meal，and then you'd go back to work，" says Ken Albala，a professor of history at the University of the Pacific，"Later，at 5 or 6，you'd have a smaller supper."This comfortable cycle，in which the rhythms of the day helped shape the rhythms of the meals，gave rise to the custom of the large midday meal，eaten with the extended family，"Meal are the foundation of the family，' says Carole Couniban. a professor at Millersville University inPeensylvania，"so there was a very important interconnection between eating together" and strength-eating family ties.Since industrialization，maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder. With the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand. Certainly，there were benefits. Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity，including a tremendous，increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available，making us more vigorous than our ancestors.Yet plenty has been lost too，even in cultures that still live to eat. Take Italy. It's no secret that the Mediterranean diet is healthy，but it was also a joy to prepare and cat. Italians，says Counihan，traditionally began the day with a small meal. The big meal came at around 1 p.m. In between the midday meal and a late，smaller dinner came a small snack. Today，when time zones have less and less meaning，there is little tolerance for offices' closing for lunch，and worsening traffic in cities means workers can't make it home and back fast enough anyway. So the formerly small supper after sundown becomes the big meal of the day. the only one at which the family has a chance to get together. "The evening meal carries the full burden that used to be spread over two meals" says Counihan52.【题干】What do we learn from the passage about people in pre-industrial Europe?【选项】A.They had to work from early morning till late at night.B.They were so busy working that they only ate simple meals.C.Their daily routine followed the rhythm of the natural cycle.D.Their life was much more comfortable than that of today.【答案】A【解析】，pre-industrial Europe，"you'd want to wake up early，start working sunrise，have a break to have the largest meal，and then you'd go back to work，"53 【题干】What does Professor Carole Counihan say about. pre-industrial Europeaneating meals together?【选项】A.It was helpful to maintaining a nation's tradition.B.It brought family members closers to each other.C.It was characteristic of the agrarian culture.D.It enabled families to save a lot of money.【答案】B【解析】"Meal are the foundation of the family，' says Carole Couniban. a professor at Millersville University in Peensylvania，"54.【题干】What does "cultural metabolism"（Line 1 ，Para. 3）refer to?A.Evolutionary adaptation.B.Changes in lifestyle.C.Social progress.D.Pace of life.【答案】D【解析】With the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand. Certainly，there were benefits.55.【题干】What does the author think of the food people eat today?A.Its quality is usually guaranteed.B.It is varied，abundant and nutritious.C.It is more costly than what our ancestors ate.D.Its production depends too much on technology.【答案】B【解析】Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity，including a tremendous，increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available，making us more vigorous than our ancestors.56.【题干】What does the author say about Italians of the old days.【选项】A.They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.B.They ate a big dinner late in the evening.C.They ate three meals regularly every day.D.They were expert at cooking meals.【答案】A【解析】It's no secret that the Mediterranean diet is healthy，but it was also a joy to prepare and cat.Part ⅣTranslationDirections：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.【题干】乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河河畔。
2016年6月大学英语四级第3套真题及答案
2016 年6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Directions:注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Signs barring cell-phone use are a familiar sight to anyone who has ever sat in a hospital waiting room. But the 26 popularity of electronic medical records has forced hospital-based doctors to become 27 on computers throughout the day, and desktops—which keep doctors from bedsides—are 28 giving way to wireless devices.As clerical loads increased, “something had to 29 , and that was always face time with patients,” says Dr.Bhakti Patel, a former chief resident in the University of Chicago’s internal-medicine program. In fall 2010, she helped 30 a pilot project in Chicago to see if the iPad could improve working conditions and patient care. The experiment was so 31 that all internal-medicine program adopted the same 32 in 2011. Medical schools at Yale and Stanford now have paperless, iPad-based curriculums. “You’ll want an iPad just so you can wear this” is the slogan for one of the new lab coats 33 with large pockets to accommodate tablet computers.A study of the University of Chicago iPad project found that patients got tests and 34 faster if they were cared for by iPad-equipped residents. Many patients also 35 a better understanding of the illnesses that landed them in the hospital in the first place.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。
英语四级真题2016年6月(第三套)试卷及答案解析
2016 年6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套）Part I Writing(30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes) 特别说明：2016 年6月大学英语四级试卷的三套试题有重叠部分，本试卷（第三套）只列出与第一、二套不重复的试题。
具体重叠部分：本卷所有听力题与第一、二套试卷有重复，本试卷不再列出。
Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Signs barring cell-phone use are a familiar sight to anyone who has ever sat in a hospital waiting room. But the 26 popularity of electronic medical records has forced hospital-based doctors to become 27 on computers throughout the day, and desktops—which keep doctors from bedsides—are 28 giving way to wireless devices.As clerical loads increased, “something had to 29 , and that was always face time with patients,” says Dr.Bhakti Patel, a former chief resident in the University of Chicago’s internal-medicine program. In fall 2010, she helped 30 a pilot project in Chicago to see if the iPad could improve working conditions and patient care. The experiment was so 31 that all internal-medicine program adopted the same 32 in 2011. Medical schools at Yale and Stanford now have paperless, iPad-based curriculums. “You’ll want an iPad just so you can wear this” is the slogan for one of the new lab coats 33 with large pockets to accommodate tablet computers.A study of the University of Chicago iPad project found that patients got tests and 34 faster if they were cared for by iPad-equipped residents. Many patients also 35 a better understanding of the illnesses that landed them in the hospital in the first place.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。
2016年6月英语四级真题第三套听力真题及答案和听力原文
2016年6月英语四级真题听力Section A News ReportDirections： In this section， you will hear three news reportsAt the end of each news report， you will hear two or threequestions。
Both the news report and the questions will be spokenonly once.After you hear a qu estion， you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A）， B）， C） andD）。
Then mark t he corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 witha singl e line through the centre。
Drections: Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 1A) This incident occurred in Tibet.B) The d ead cubs were found in the front of a temple.C) Some tiger cubs were dead because of abuse.D) The reason why they were in the freezer was cl ear.Question 2A) About 2 weeks.B) About 7 days.C) About 1 year.D) About 40 days.Question 3A) 17.B) 2.3.C) 57.D) 12.Question 4A) It can reduce the time to travel.B) It can reduce the vehicles on roads.C) It can move cargo between north and south.D) All of A、B and C.Drections:Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Question 5A) He was abandoned by his parents.B) He got l ost in the forest.C) He went far to drink water.D) It wasn't mentioned.Question 6A) The boy's father.B) Sol diers, police and volunteers.C) Japan's military.D) Chil d psychiatrists.Question 7A) On Wednesday night.B) A few minutes later.C) Wednesday.D) Since Saturday.Section B ConversationDirections： In this section， you will hear two long conversations。
2016年6月四级考试真题(第三套)
2016年6月四级考试真题（第三套）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words．Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A，B，C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre．Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard．1．A．This incident occurred in Tibet．B．The dead cubs were found in front of a temple.C．Some tiger cubs were dead because of abuse.D．The reason why they were in the freezer was clear.2．A．About 2 weeks. B．About 7 days. C．About 1 year. D．About 40 days. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard．3．A．17. B．23. C．57. D．22.4．A．It can reduce the time to travel. B．It can reduce the vehicles on roads.C．It can move cargo between north and south. D．All of A, B, and C.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard．5．A．He was abandoned by his parents. B．He got lost in the forest.C．He went far to drink water. D．It wasn’t mentioned.6．A．The boy’s father. B．Soldiers, police and volunteers.C．Japan’s military. D．Child psychiatrists.7．A．On Wednesday night. B．A few minutes later.C．Wednesday．D．Since Saturday.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A，B，C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard．8．A．He prefers the smaller evening classes. B．He has signed up for a day course.C．He has to work during the day. D．He finds the evening course cheaper. 9．A．Learn a computer language. B．Learn data processing.C．Buy some computer software. D．Buy a few coursebooks.10．A．Thursday evening, from 7:00 to 9:45. B．From September 1 to New Year’s eve.C．Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks. D．Three hours a week, 45 hours in total. 11．A．What to bring for registration. B．Where to attend the class.C．How he can get to Frost Hall. D．Whether he can use a check.Questions l2 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard．12．A．A training coach. B．A trading adviser.C．A professional manager. D．A financial trader.13．A．He can save on living expenses. B．He considers cooking creative.C．He can enjoy healthier food. D．He thinks take-away is tasteless.14．A．It is something inevitable. B．It is frustrating sometimes.C．It takes patience to manage. D．It can be a good thing.15．A．The element of uncertainty and the mental challenge.B．The element of certainty and physical challenge.C．The way he deals with all kinds of emotions.D．The success that his stressful job brings about.Section CDirections：In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard．16．A．There were no planets without moons. B．There was no air or water on Jupiter.C．Life was not possible in outer space. D．The mystery of life could not be resolved.17．A．It has a number of active volcanoes. B．It has an atmosphere like the earth’s.C．It has a large ocean under its surface. D．It has deep caves several miles long. 18．A．Light is not an essential element to it. B．Life can form in very hot temperatures.C．Every form of life undergoes evolution. D．Oxygen is not needed for some life forms. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard．19．A．Whether they should take the child home. B．What Dr. Meyer’s instructions exactly were.C．Who should take care of the child at home. D．When the child would completely recover. 20．A．She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt.B．She makes them write down all her instructions.C．She has them act out what they are to do at home.D．She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.21．A．It lacks the stability of the printed word. B．It contains many grammatical errors.C．It is heavily dependent on the context. D．It facilitates interpersonal communication. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard．22．A．Job security. B．Good labor relations.C．Challenging work. D．Attractive wages and benefits. 23．A．Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.B．More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.C．Computers will change to nature of many jobs.D．Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.24．A．Offer them chances of promotion. B．Improve their working conditions.C．Encourage them to compete with each other. D．Give them responsibilities as part of a team. 25．A．They will not bring real benefits to the staff. B．They concern a small number of people only.C．They are arbitrarily set by the administrators. D．They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks．You are required to select one Word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage．Read the passage through carefully before making your choices．Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre．You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．Physical activity does the body good，and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too．Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise，whether at school or on their own．26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests．In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28，investigators found that the more children moved．the better their grades were in school，29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading．The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets．The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time．With standardized test scores in the U．S．31 in recent years，some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground．But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive．Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain，fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning．And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress，which can also help learning．So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running around，they may actually be exercising their brains as well．Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more than once．Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2．Finding the Right Home—and Contentment, TooA．When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long term care facility---a moment few parents or children approach without fear---what you would like is to have everything made clear．B．Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home，or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype(固定看法)? Can doing one’s homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know．C．I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed．And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in．I am nottalking about the quality of care，let me hastily add．Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record．But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do．D．The most recent of these studies，published in The Journal of Applied Gerontology，surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living，nursing homes and smaller residential care homes (known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes)．Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction，as well as about the quality of the facilities．E．“We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university．A reasonable assumption-don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?F．In the initial results，assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture．They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities，for instance，and less likely to be bored or lonely．They scored higher on social interaction．G．But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents’responses．“It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics-how healthy they feel they are，their age and marital status，”Dr．Robison explained．Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant．H．An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it)than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can’t just say,‘Let’s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off,’”Dr．Robison said．What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”I．Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables---the facility’s type, size or age；whether a chain owned it；how attractive the neighborhood was---had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents’ physical health and mental status．What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there．J．As l was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones. (More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)K．Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?一here is a thought from Dr．Philip Sloane，a geriatrician (老年病学专家) at the University of North Carolina：“In a way, that could be liberating for families.”L．Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don’t have to tum themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important．M．We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness．They have their ideas，too．A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant，inside and out．But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned; nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.N．The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36．Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing for their parents．37．Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important．38．It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home．39．How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in．40．The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home．41．The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place．42．At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction．43．What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think．44．The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living．45．A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there．Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section．Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre．Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage．As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code．Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it's necessary to translate our morals into AI language．For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,”said Russell．Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the k ind of thing a properly brought-up person would do．It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules．Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless．The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’ve produ ced a system that will break some kind of taboo (禁忌)．One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation．If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps (嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else．The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe is moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity．46．What does the author say about the threat of robots?A．It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers．B．It accompanies all machinery involving high technology．C．It Can be avoided if human values are translated into their language．D．It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated．47．What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A．They are aggressive．B．They are outgoing．C．They are ignorant．D．They are ill-bred．48．How do robots learn human values?A．By interacting with humans in everyday life situations．B．By following the daily routines of civilized human beings．C．By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior．D．By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings．49．What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A．Keep a distance from possible dangers．B．Stop to seek advice from a human being．C．Trigger its built-in alarm system at once．D．Do sufficient testing before taking action．50．What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A．Determine what is moral and ethical．B．Design some large-scale experiments．C．Set rules for man-machine interaction．D．Develop a more sophisticated program．Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage．Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity (长寿)? Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways．Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstandingpsychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible．Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger．Personality isn’t destiny (命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’t just a matter of your physical health but of ,your mental health．51．The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is ．A．to see whether people’s personality affect s their life spanB．to find out if one’s lifestyle has any effect on their healthC．to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD．to examine all the factors contributing to longevity52．What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A．They have a good understanding of evolution．B．They are better at negotiating an agreement．C．They generally appear more resourceful．D．They are more likely to get over hardship．53．What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?A．Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life．B．Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times．C．Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.D．Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity．54．What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A．Children’s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers·B．People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner．C．Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’．D．Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect their children’s life spans.55．What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A．Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’s life span．B．Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health．C．Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is．D．Health is in large part related to one’s lifestyle．Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions：For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
2016年6月英语四级考试答案汇总(卷三)
完整版2016年6月英语四级考试答案汇总（卷三）参考范文Dear my father and mother,This letter is my inner feelings. I want to thank both of you for so many years’ care and help.During my growth, you have made a lot of efforts and love for me. When I make a success, both of you are more excited than me, and support me to do better. Even though I have failed, you always share sorrow with me and encourage me not to give up. Especially, during my preparation for CET-4, the support from you is always everywhere. I have passed the exam successfully.You love is so unselfish that I am deeply affected, so I will study hard to be a useful person and won’t make you disappointed. Anyway, I would like to express the deep gratitude to you.With best wishes.Sincerely yours,Li Ming 【听力答案暂无】词汇理解26、【答案】G .growing27、【答案】A .dependent28、【答案】C.fast29、【答案】F.give30、【答案】unch31、【答案】N.successful32、【答案】I.policy33、【答案】B.designed34、【答案】O.treatments35、【答案】E.gained长篇阅读36.【题干】The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products.【答案】F37.【题干】Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages.【答案】A38.【题干】Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortages now constitute the main threat to world security.【答案】C39.【题干】Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation(实施) of family planning.【答案】L40.【题干】The author has come to agree that food shortages could ultimately lead to the collapse of world civilization.【答案】B41.【题干】Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstante to boosting the world's grain production.【答案】H42.【题干】The cost for saving our civilization would be considerably less than the world's current military spending.【答案】M43.【题干】To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.【答案】J44.【题干】Environmental problems must be solved to case the current global food shortage.【答案】D45.【题干】A quarter of this year's American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.【答案】G仔细阅读46. 正确选项C.It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.47. 正确选项D.They are ill-bred.48. 正确选项C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.49. 正确选项D.Do sufficient testing before taking action.50. 正确选项A. Determine what is moral and ethical.51、【答案】A They had to work from early morning till late at night.52、【答案】B It brought family members closers to each other.53、【答案】D.Pace of life.54、【答案】B.It is varied, abundant and nutritious.55、【答案】A.They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.翻译：乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
2016年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(三套)
2016年6月英语四级考试真题及答案Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty。
You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear three news reports。
At the end of each news report，you will hear two or three questions。
Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A）The International Labor Organization‟s key objective.B）The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C）Rising unemployment worldwide.D）Global economic recovery.2. A）Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B）Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C）Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis. D）Many countries need support to improve their people‟s livelihood. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A）Serve standardized food nationwide.B）Put calorie information on the menu.C）Increase protein content in the food.D）Offer convenient food to customers.4. A）They will be fined.B）They will be closed.C）They will get a warning.D）They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A）Inability to implement their business plans.B）Inability to keep turning out novel products.C）Lack of a successful business model of their own.D）Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A）It is the secret to business success.B）It is the creation of something new.C）It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.D）It is an essential part of business culture.7. A）Its hardworking employees.B）Its flexible promotion strategy.C）Its innovation culture.D）Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A）He‟s got addicted to technology.B）He is not very good at socializing.C）He is crazy about text-messaging.D）He does not talk long on the phone.9. A）Talk big.B）Talk at length.C）Gossip a lot.D）Forget herself.10. A）He thought it was cool.B）He needed the practice.C）He wanted to stay connected with them.D）He had an urgent message to send.11. A）It poses a challenge to seniors.B）It saves both time and money.C）It is childish and unprofessional.D）It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A）He wants to change his job assignment.B）He is unhappy with his department manager.C）He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D）He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A）His workload was much too heavy.B）His immediate boss did not trust him.C）His colleagues often refused to cooperate.D）His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A）He never knows how to refuse.B）He is always ready to help others.C）His boss has a lot of trust in him.D）His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A）Put all his complaints in writing.B）Wait and see what happens next.C）Learn to say no when necessary.D）Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections：In this section，you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A）The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B）Reasons for Americans‟ decline in sleep.C）Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D）Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A）They are more health-conscious.B）They are changing their living habits.C）They get less and less sleep.D）They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A）Their weight will go down.B）Their mind function will deteriorate.C）Their work efficiency will decrease.D）Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A）How much you can afford to pay.B）What course you are going to choose.C）Which university you are going to apply to.D）When you are going to submit your application.20. A）The list of courses studied.B）The full record of scores.C）The references from teachers.D）The personal statement.21. A）Specify what they would like to do after graduation. B）Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying. C）Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject. D）Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A）It was equipped with rubber tyres.B）It was built in the late 19th century.C）It was purchased by the Royal family.D）It was designed by an English engineer.23. A）They consumed lots of petrol.B）They took two passengers only.C）They were difficult to drive.D）They often broke down.24. A）They were produced on the assembly line.B）They were built with less costly materials.C）They were modeled after British cars.D）They were made for ordinary use.25. A）It made news all over the world.B）It was built for the Royal family.C）It marked a new era in motor travel.D）It attracted large numbers of motorists.Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section ADirections：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Physical activity does the body good，and there‟s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise，whether at school or on their own，26to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic28，investigators found that the more children moved，the better their grades were in school，29in the basic subjects of math，English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31in recent years，some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show，exercise and academics may not be 32exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33to the brain，fueling memory，attention and creativity，which are 34tolearning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35and relieve stress，which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they‟re running around，they may actually be exercising their brains as well.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.A）attendanceB）consequentlyC）currentD）depressingE）droppingF）essentialG）feasibleH）flowI）moodJ）mutuallyK）particularlyL）performanceM）reviewN）surviveO）tendSection BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Finding the Right Home—and Contentment，Too[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home，or has the industry simply hired better interior designers？Are nursing homes as bad as people fear，or is that an out-moded stereotype （固定看法）？Can doing one‟s homework really steer families to the best places？It is genuinely hard to know.[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care，let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.[D] The most recent of these studies，published in The journal of Applied Gerontology，surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living，nursing homes and smaller residential care homes （known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes）. Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions abouttheir quality of life，emotional well-being and social interaction，as well as about the quality of the facilities.[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types，” said the lead author of the study，Julie Robison，an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don‟t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can‟t？[F] In the initial results，assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities，for instance，and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables，such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type，they found，that creates differences in residents‟ responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in，combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are，their age and marital status，” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health，therefore，might be no less depressed in assisted living （even if her children preferred it）than in a nursing home. A person who bad input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home，other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place，not the sort of place in itself，that leads to better or worse experiences. “You can‟t just say，…Let‟s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off，” Dr. Robison said. What matters，she added，“is a combination of what people bring in with them，and what they find there.”[I] Such findings，which run counter to common sense，have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living，for instance，University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility‟s type，size or age；whether a chain owned it；howattractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness，mental decline，hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents‟ physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there.[J] As I was considering all this， a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk，announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact，consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities，the lowest rated，than with the five-star ones. （More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.）[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing？—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane，a geriatrician（老年病学专家）at the University of North Carolina：“In a way，that could be liberating for families.”[L] Of course，sons and daughters want to visit the facilities，talk to the administrators and residents and other families，and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don‟t have t o turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy，” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas，too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant，inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived，though the visit had been planned；nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room，they sat alone at a table.[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there，and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research，that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities，involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.40.The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.41.The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.42.At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.43.What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44.The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45.A resident‟s satisfaction with a care facil ity has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A），B），C）and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.As Artificial Intelligence（AI）becomes increasingly sophisticated，there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided，according to computer science professor Stuart Russell，if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks，it‟s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example，if a robot does chores around the house，you wouldn‟t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values，” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example，mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences，but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space，you wouldn‟t think that‟s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines，if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to so sufficient testing and they‟ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）.One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave，it has the opportunity to stop，send out beeps（嘟嘟声），and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren‟t quite sure about a decision，we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral，and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer，robots could be good for humanity.46.What does the author say about the threat of robots？A）It may constitute a challenge to computer progranmers.B）It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C）It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D）It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.47.What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author？A）They are aggressive.B）They are outgoing.C）They are ignorant.D）They are ill-bred.48.How do robots learn human values？A）By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B）By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C）By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D）By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.49.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation？A）keep a distance from possible dangers.B）Stop to seek advice from a human being.C）Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.D）Do sufficient testing before taking action.50.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code？A）Determine what is moral and ethical.B）Design some large-scale experiments.C）Set rules for man-machine interaction.D）Develop a more sophisticated program.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Why do some people live to be older than others？You know the standard explanations：keeping a moderate diet，engaging in regular exercise，etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity（长寿）？Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives？A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing，more active and less neurotic （神经质的）than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory：those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly，however，other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined，for instance，were no more likely to live to be very old. Also，being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life，which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life，you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately，another recent study shows that your mother‟s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28，000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious，depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we‟re adults，which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn‟t destiny（命运），and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn‟t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.A）to see whether people‟s personality affects their life spanB）to find out if one‟s lifestyle has any effect on their healthC）to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD）to examine all the factors contributing to longevity52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people？A）They have a good understanding of evolution.B）They are better at negotiating an agreement.C）They generally appear more resourceful.D）They are more likely to get over hardship.53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation？A）Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B）Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C）Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.D）Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show？A）Children‟s personality characteristics are invariab ly determined by their mothers.B）People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C）Mothers‟ influence on children may last longer than fathers‟.D）Mothers‟ negative personality characteristics may affect their children‟s life spans.55.What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies？A）Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one‟s life span.B）Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C）Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D）Health is in large part related to one‟s lifestyle.Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 2.功夫（Kong Fu）是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称.中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军士训练.它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练.它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素.作为中国的国宝，武术有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式.有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想，神话和传说的启发四级写作：第一版For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.第一段: 写出写信目的. (表达感谢)第二段: 阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢,并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.Dear Mary,I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt gratitude to you for your help when I was in difficulty. You have been very kind and helpful since we knew each other.Last week, I caught a bad cold and had to stay at home for a week. When I was worrying about the lessons, you came to my home after school and helped me with every subject. With your help, I didn‟t fall behind others.Again, thanks so much for your enthusiastic help. Even though you are to about to go abroad for further education I know that I will always stay in touch with you. I wish you every success in the future and I hope we can exchange more viewpoints on study.Please keep in touch, and drop in and visit us whenever you are in this part of the world.Very sincerelyPeter第二版For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.第一段: 写出写信目的. (表达感谢)第二段: 阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢,并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.Dear sir,I am writing to you to express my thanks for your help in learning English. You are one of the best teachers who I have ever met .There are many good points that I learn from you.During these days in your class, I have acquired much knowledge from you and it really helps me a lot. Firstly, you let me know what the west thinking pattern is —straight thinking pattern. As an English learner, it is important for me to understand the difference between them. There is no denying the fact that this can help me with my examination and interaction with foreigners. What‟s more, I‟m glad to be your student, and I am very happy to learn the course under your guidance. English is an important tool, through which we can share our experience with the world. I treasure the chance of learning English, and I enjoy the happiness from your course.The last not the least, please forgive those mistakes I have made which may upset you. What I have learned from you will help me pass the coming examinations and also be useful for myfurther education in abroad. It is not only a progress of learning, but also a cultivation of my ability.May everything go well around you.Your student,Li ling第三版For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.第一段: 写出写信目的. (表达感谢)第二段: 阐述感谢的原因.第三段:再次表达感谢,并可表述希望有机会可以给对方回报.Dear parents,This letter is to tell you my true feelings from the bottom of my heart. Although we can keep in virtual touch every day, I still feel it not enough to let you know how much I love you and how much I‟ve appreciated what you‟ve done for me.In the past 20 years, you have done a lot for me. Firstly, thank you so much for bringing me up. I know how hard you've being working in the past. I can imagine how many difficulties and obstacles you've conquered. Second, I want to thank you for your good education on me. There is an old saying goes like this “parents are the first teachers to their children”. Both of you are the typical ones. The most important thing that I want to say “thank you” is for your great admirationon my own freedom. You told me to look over the horizons and to pursuit my own dreams without hesitation.I really feel that my pen fails me when I am writing this thank you letter. The only thing I hope you can do for me is to take good care of yourselves and you will be always proud of me.Yours belovedSon四级翻译（功夫）：功夫（Kung Fu）是中国武术（martial arts）的俗称.中国武术的起源可以追溯自卫的需要,狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练，它是中国传统体育运动的一种.年轻人，老年人都练，它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素，作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种的风格，是世界上练得最多的艺术形式，有些风格模仿了动物的动作.还有一些则受到中国哲学思想，神话和传说的启发.Kung Fu is the folk name of Chinese martial arts, which dates back to the need of self-defense, hu nting, and military drill in ancient China. It is one of China‟s traditional sports, and all people, old and young, would participate in. It has gradually evolved into a unique element of the Chinese culture. As a national treasure of China, it has hundreds of styles. Meanwhile, it is also the most practiced art form in the world. Some styles imitate the movements of animals, while others are inspired by Chinese philosophy, myth and legend.四级翻译（木匠）：在山东省潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志.潍坊以“风筝之都”而闻名，已有将近2400年放飞风筝的历史.传说中国古代哲学家墨子用了三年时间在潍坊制作了世界上首个风筝，但放飞的第一天风筝就坠落并摔坏了，也有人相信风筝是中国古代木匠鲁班发明的.据说他的风筝用木头和竹子制作，飞了三天后才落地.。
2016年大学英语四级真题(第三套)完美Word打印版
Directions：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks．You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage．Read the passage through carefully before making your choices．Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter．Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre．You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．
Part ⅡListening Comprehension(25 minutes)
说明：2016年6月四级真题全国共考了两套听力。本套（即第三套）的听力内容与第二套的完全一样，只是选项的顺序不一样而已，故在本套中不再重复给出。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)
D．The most recent of these studies，published in The Journal of Applied Gerontology，surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living，nursing homes and smaller residential care homes(known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes)．Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life，emotional well-being and social interaction，as well as about the quality of the facilities．
2016年6月大学英语四级(第3套)答案解析
2016 年6 月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套）解析Part I Writing【参考范文】June 18, 2016Dear Mom and Dad, I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to you for your many years of selfless love and support. I want to let you know how much I love you and how much I appreciate all that you have given me. You support me not only materially but also spiritually. You have always encouraged me no matter how hard the endeavor. When I succeed, both of you are more excited than me, and you never stop motivating me to do better. When I fail, you always encourage me not to give up. Your encouragement is the best incentive for me to move on. Your selfless contribution made it possible for me to pass the college entrance examination with a high score. I cherish the familial affection you have shown me. I will study hard to be a useful person and won’t disappoint you. Love, JennyPart ⅢReading ComprehensionSection A【空词预测】第26、27、31 题填形容词第28 题填副词第29、30、33、35 题填动词第32、34 题填名词试题解析【话题分类】科技【文章大意】无线电子设备如iPad 正在越来越多地被应用到医院的诊疗当中，甚至医学院的课程当中，研究显示这些设备的应用有助于改善医生的工作环境，患者也容易了解自己的病情。
2016年6月英语四级真题及答案完整版
2016年6月英语四级真题及答案完整版(第三套)Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your friends who helped you most when you were in difficulty. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Dear Mary,I am delighted to tell you that I have passed the English exam held in our university.I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for the tremendous help you offered me when I had difficulty in the English exam.Initially, you recommended me some reference books, which I found pretty useful and practical in my English learning. Besides, you have encouraged me with your own experience—passing the National College Entrance Examination with a strong will. Your spirit inspired me greatly. Finally, you often helped me with my review work until midnight during those tough days. I would never pass the exam without your generous help.My thanks to you are beyond words. If you meet any difficulty in the future, please do not hesitate to let me know.Yours sincerely,Li Ming Part II Listening ComprehensionNews 1:You probably think college students are experts at sleeping, but parties—preparations for test personal problems and generally stress can rewrite a student’s sleep habits which can be bad for the body and for mind. Texas University is even offering a class called improving your sleep habits. People suffering from sleep loss are suffering increased risk from obesity 1.psychological problems and car crashes. Students who don’t get enough sleep have poor attendance and lower grades. On top of all that, a new study published in the journey “Learning and Memory”finds you are probably better sleeping than making last-minute preparations for your test. 200 hundred college kids were talked about unfamiliar video games. Subjects who learn the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later. 2.But they did much better after getting a good sleep. So if you really want to do your job well, don’t forget to get some sleep.1.What is the news report mainly about?2.What is the finding of the new study published in the journey learning and memory?News 2:Longquses, the late flights are over-crowing at airports have become a almost much-talked topic conversation in Britain, as the traditional complaining about the weather. Meanwhile, there are complains that the poor service at London’s major airports is discouraging foreigners’business in Britain. Much of the criticism is directed the British airport authority, which runs 7 major airports, including the 3 main ones serving in London. (3)The competition commission is now to investigate whether theBritish airport authority needs to set off some the attacks. The idea is the competition between rival operators would lead to better service at airports. The British authority, recently bought by a Spanish company, says the route cause of the problem is not the ownership structure, (4) but a lack of long-way internal capacity, which is addressing through a program of heading investment.Q3:What is the competition commission is going to investigate?Q4: What is the route cause of the poor service at British airport according to the British airport authority?News 3:She says Tobacco companies have to measure the nicotine content of every type of cigarettes and report the result. 5.The department of public health in Boston gather and make conclusions 1600 brains the can make contents 6.79 with young smokers that worries the department nature that in San Francisco 10 percent higher than it was 16 years ago. Which means that is easier than 7.big company has always insisted that they are frank with the customers about dangerous smokers with enough detail to make decision. However, one of studies. And will discuss the detail contents of their products.5.What do tobacco company do under the law6.What do we learn from the study by public health in Boston?7.What do we learn from the news report about big tobacco company?SectionBQuestion 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Conversation 1.Man: You know one thing that I want to ask you, it is greatly you have happy experiences of teaching in Indonesia and following are what you have just mentioned. What would you to recommend for students to not live in English speaking country? And you know, they want to learn. I don’t know about affecting but they want at least to communicate decently. How can we go about this?Woman: Yeah, it is really hard. That is the real struggle because right now (8) I do live in Holland but I really don’t socialize with those people. And my boyfriend’s English is so good that we just basically speak English all the time. So I have to make a real effort to practice. There are much exposure that I want. All I need to do is to turn on the TV.Man: And reading also, right?Woman: Yeah, reading. There are plenty I can read and listen to. But for speaking, there really is no substitute for time to use and speak the language in a relaxed atmosphere. So I think that is really the challenge for people who live in a country (9)where their target language isn’t spoken. And for that, gush, what would I do? If I don’t have people here, (10) probably try to find a club? In Sweden, they have a really cool system called study circles where it’s not. (11) It’s like a course, but really you just have a course leader, who is there sort of having a coaching guy and to help out. And you don’t get grades, and you go just because you want to learn.Q8: Where does the woman live rightnow?Q9:What does the woman say is the real challenge?Q10: What does the woman suggest doing to learn to speak a foreign language?Q11: What does the woman say about the study circles in Sweden?8 A) Holland B) Indonesia C) England D) Sweden9 A) Talking with her boyfriend in Dutch B) Acquiring the necessary ability to socializeC) Getting a coach who can offer real help D. Learning a language where it is not spoken10. A) practicing reading aloud as often as possibleB) Listening to languages programs on the radioC) Trying to speak it as much as one canD) Making friends with native speakers11. A) It provides opportunities for language practiceB) It trains young people’s leadership abilitiesC) It offers various courses with credit pointsD) It creates an environment for socializingQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Conversation2W: OK, Nathan, we are talking driving. Are there any rules you’d like to change?M: Sure, I want to change rules. I like the police to be strict with the rules. Like, if the people jump the traffic lights, i don’t know if why there is no camera under the traffic lights to stop people from doing that. Or there is speeding, it is very easy to put speed cameras in certain places.W: Maybe car manufacturers should have some responsibilities in limiting the power of their engines. What’s the point of producing the engines that is powerful enough to get 200 kilometers /h when the speed limit is only 100.M: Right. There is no speed limit in GermanyW; People there drive responsible, though. Often, people break the law simply because the law is there. If the law isn’t there, people will drive with their ability range. When they got speed limits, this creates situation actually present dangers on the road.M: Do you think Germans have better education on the personal responsibility when driving?W: Possibly, they have very good cars,M: Right.W: If you’ve got good cars and go at a high speed, it is very nice to do that.M: i still with care.W: so that is restriction that creates dangers sometimesMOKW: Obviously, when driving through residential areas where there is a school, you have help from speed policemanM; speed-bumpsW: yes, the speed-bumps, they help you to slow down.M: So you don’t think funding people is useful?W: Not really, because the police don’t have time to police every single driver.12. What do the speakers mainly talking about?13. What do you think the car manufacturers should do?14. What can we learn about people driving in Germany?Section CPassage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Behind the cards register at store in downtown San Francisco. Sam Azar swipes his credit card to pay for a pack of cigarettes. The store’s card beater fail to scan the card’s man-made script. Azar tried again and again, no luck. As customers began to queue, Mr. Azar reached beneath the counter for a plastic black bag. He ripes one wear the plastic on the card and tried again. Success, the send was completed. I don’t know how it works. It just does, said Mr. Azar who learned the trick for another clerk. Therefore, the company that makes the store card reader would not confirm or deny that plastic bag trick worked. But it is one of the many low tech fixes for high tech failure that people went out engineering degrees have to discovered often out of destination and shared. Today’s shaky economy is likely to produce many more such tricks. In postwar Japan, the economy is doing the great, so you could not use news items like household clears. Says Liti Katiyama, author of Yowaza, a book named after the Japanese term for clever lifestyles and tricks. So people look for ways, today the Americans are finding their own tips and tricks malfunctioning devices with supplies simple as paper and glue. Some like Mr. Azar, plastic bags are open to argument as the holiday work, whether they really at work at all. But many tech can be explained by a little science.16. What happened when Sam Azar swiped his credit card to pay for his purchase?17. How did Sam Azar manage to complete his sale?18. What is today’s shaky economy likely to do?16. C .17. B. 18. APassage twoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.If you are a graduate student, you may depend on your adviser for many things including help with improving graduates,financial support,forming and examining committee and getting letters of recommendation. If you are a graduate teaching assistant,your adviser may be your boss. Academic apartments vary in procedure for assigning academic advisers to graduate students. In some departments, either the chairman or director of graduate studies serves to relive semester as a new student adviser. Then students select adviser based on shared academic interests. In other departments, a new student is assigned a adviser based on some distribution of departments advisers. Graduates you must have among differing departments Later students may have opportunity to select adviser they prefer. 20.In many cases,new graduate students can learn who advisers or temporary advisers are by visiting or emailing departmental office by asking information. 21 Graduation requires specifies of the number you must earn own average you must achieve and distribution of graduates you must have for among differing study. In addition, it is necessary to apply for graduation, when you near the final, you will be completing graduation requirements. Since Some graduation requirements vary among the university. Youshould consult information, you should also direct to question or departmental office on academic adviser.19 what does the speaker say about procedures for assigning academic advisers?20 how can graduate students learn who their advisers are?21what does the speaker say about the graduation requirements?Passage ThreeQuestion 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Joly Hoberd is a diet and nutrition expert who travels around the state to speak in middle and high schools. She primarily speaks to students in health classes but sometimes the school will arrange for her to speak to several different groups of girls. Her biggest concern is the emphasis American culture places business and negative ways of these girls today. Joly has the Ph.D nutrition but more important, she has personal experience, her mother tell her to diet when she was only 8 years old. Joly has created several different presentations, which she gives to different types of audiences and she tries to establish an emotional connection with the students so that they will feel comfortable when asking questions or talking to her privately. She shows the pictures and images from popular culture of beautiful women and explain how computers are used to make the women look even more often and beautiful than their lives. She describes how the definition of beauty has changed over the years and even from culture to culture. She went on talks at issues and physical damage that can occur the result of dieting. Finally, she addresses self-respect and that notion the person sense of beauty must include more of person ways. Sometimes Joly feels that shesucceeds persuading some students to cease dieting and other times she feels that she fails.22. A) Ph.D. Candidates in dieting B) Students majoring in nutritionC) Students in health classes D) Middle and high school teachers23. A) its emphasis on thinners B) it changes the criteria for beautyC) Its mistaken conception of nutrition D) its overestimate of the effect of dieting.24. A) to demonstrate the magic effect of dieting on womenB) to explain how computer images can be misleadingC) to prove that technology has impacted our cultureD) to illustrate her point that beauty is but skin deep.25. A)to help students rid themselves of bad living habitsB) to establish an emotional connection with studentsC) to promote her own concept of beautyD) to persuade girls to stop dieting.答案：1. C) Rising unemployment worldwide.2. C) Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.3. B) Put calorie information on the menu.4. A) They will be fined.5. D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. B) It is the creation of something new.7. C) Its innovation culture.8. D)He does not talk long on the phone.9.B) talk at length.10.A) He thought it was cool.11.C) It is childish and unprofessional.12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.13. A) His workload was much too heavy.14. C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.15. D) Talk to his boss in person first.16 A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life17 C) They get less and less sleep18 D) Their blood pressure will rise19. B) What course you are going to choose20. D) The personal statement21. C) Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject22 B) It was built in the late 19th century.23 D) They often broke down.24 A) They were produced on the assembly line.25 C) It marked a new era in motor travel.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Physical activity does the body good, and there’s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they’re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.26正确答案O(tend)27正确答案A (attendance)28正确答案L (performance)29正确答案K (particularly)30正确答案N (survive)31正确答案E (dropping)32正确答案J (mutually)33正确答案H (flow)34正确答案F (essential)35正确答案I (mood)Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose aparagraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Finding the Right Home—and Contentment, TOO[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility-a moment few parents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype(固定看法)?Can doing one’s homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.[c] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.[D] The most recent of these studies, published in the journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150 Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types.”Said the lead author of the study. Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don’t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can’t?[F] In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in resident’s responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,”Dr. Robinson explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.[H] An elderly person who described herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living (even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experience. “You can’t just say, ‘Let’s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much betteroff,’”Dr. Robinson said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”[I] Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility’s type, size or age; whether a chain owned it; how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents’physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there.[J] As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk, announcing that five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones. (More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how we are supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician (老年病学专家) at the University of North Carolina: “In a way, that could be liberating for families.”[L]Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don’t have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,”Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.[M]We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned; nobody introduced them to other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.[N]The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.37. Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.38. It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39. How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.43. What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45. A resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.答案36 EMany people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.37LThough it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.38BIt is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39HHow a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.40NThe author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant assisted living home.41JThe system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.42FAt first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.43CWhat kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44IThe findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45GA resident’s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children, “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,”said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’t think that’s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps (嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe is moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.46. What does the author say about the threat of robots?A) It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B) It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C) It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D) It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.47. What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A) They are aggressive. C) They are ignorant.B) They are outgoing. D) They are ill-bred.48. How do robots learn human values?A) By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B) By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C) By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D) By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings.49. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A) Keep a distance form possible dangers.。
2016年6月大学英语四级真题和详细答案完整版(第三套)
2016年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套）PartIII Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Physical activity does the body good, and there‟s growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic28, investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies whe n they‟re running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Finding the Right Home—and Contentment, Too[A] When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facility—a moment fewparents or children approach without fear—what you would like is to have everything made clear.[B] Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industrysimply hired better interior designers? Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that anout-moded stereotype（固定看法)? Can doing one‟s homework really steer families to the best places? It is genuinely hard to know.[C] I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an olderperson lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little real bearing on how well residents do.[D] The most recent of these studies, published in The journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed150 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes（known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes). Researchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.[E] “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” said the lead author of thestudy, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumption—don‟t families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they can‟t?[F] In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They wereless likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.[G] But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared.It is not the housing type, they found, that creates differences in residents‟ responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristics—how healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.[H] An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no lessdepressed in assisted living（even if her children preferred it) than in a nursing home. A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experien ces. “You can‟t just say, …Let‟s put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home—she will be much better off,‟” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”[I] Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-state studyof assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables—the facility‟s type, size or age；whether a chain owned it；how attractive the neighborhood was—had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental decline, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents‟ physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened once they were there.[J] As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk,announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones.（More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.)[K] Before we collectively tear our hair out—how are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing?—here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician（老年病学专家)at the University of North Carolina:“In a way, that could be liberating for families.”[L] Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they don‟t have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees.“Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said.And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.[M] We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this place—it is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned；nobody introduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.[N] The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.36.Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for theirparents.37.Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in thedecision-making process may prove very important.38.It is really difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39.How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility theylive in.40.The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place overan apparently elegant assisted living home.41.The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding asatisfactory place.42.At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gavehigher scores on social interaction.43.What kind of care facility old people live in may be less important than we think.44.The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45.A resident‟s satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participatedin the decision to move in and how long they had stayed there.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.As Artificial Intelligence(AI) becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on mor e complicated tasks, it‟s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn‟t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot prelo aded with a good set of values,” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn‟t think that‟s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values fromdrawing patterns from large sets ofdata on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values isthat human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they‟ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌).One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps（嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren‟t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.46.What does the author say about the threat of robots?A)It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.B)It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D)It has become an inevitable peril as technology gets more sophisticated.47.What would we think of a person who invades our personal space according to the author?A)They are aggressive.B)They are outgoing.C)They are ignorant.D)They are ill-bred.48.How do robots learn human values?A)By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B)By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D)By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.49.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A)Keep a distance from possible dangers.B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.C)Trigger its built-in alarm system at once.D)Do sufficient testing before taking action.50.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A)Determine what is moral and ethical.B)Design some large-scale experiments.C)Set rules for man-machine interaction.D)Develop a more sophisticated program.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity（长寿）?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic （神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.Unfortunately, another rec ent study shows that your mother‟s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy d iets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we‟re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.Personality isn‟t destiny（命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn‟t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.51. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is____.A)to see whether people‟s personality affects their life spanB)to find out if one‟s life style has any effect on their healthC)to investigate the role of exercise in living a long lifeD)to examine all the factors contributing to longevity52. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?A)They have a good understanding of evolution.B)They are better at negotiating an agreement.C)They generally appear more resourceful.D)They are more likely to get over hardship.53. What finding of the study might prove somewhat out of our expectation?A)Easy-going people can also live a relatively long life.B)Personality characteristics that prove advantageous actually vary with times.C)Such personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.D)Readiness to accept new ideas helps one enjoy longevity.54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?A)Children‟s personality characteristics are invariably determined by theirmothers.B)People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.C)Mothers‟ influence on children may last longer than fathers‟.D)Mothers‟ negative personality characteristics may affect their children‟s life spans.55.What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?A)Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one‟s life span.B)Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.C)Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.D)Health is in large part related to one‟s lifestyle.Part IV TranslationDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。
6月第三套英语四级听力真题（2）
6月第三套英语四级听力真题（2）2016年6月第三套英语四级听力真题Directions： In this section， you will hear three passages。
At the end of each passage，you will hear three or four questions。
Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D)。
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。
Drections:Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 16A) There were no planets without moons.B) There was no air or water on Jupiter.C) Life was not possible in outer space.D) The mystery of life could not be resolved.Question 17A) It has a number of active volcanoes.B) It has an atmosphere like the earth's.C) It has a large ocean under its surface.D) It has deep caves several miles long.Question 18A) Light is not an essential element to it.B) Life can form in very hot temperatures.C) Every form of life undergoes evolution.D) Oxygen is not needed for some life forms.Drections:Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 19A) Whether they should take the child home.B) What Dr. Meyer's instructions exactly were.C) Who should take care of the child at home.D) When the child would completely recover.Question 20A) She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt.B) She makes them write down all her instructions.C) She has them act out what they are to do at home.D) She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.Question 21A) It lacks the stability of the printed word.B) It contains many grammatical errors.C) It is heavily dependent on the context.D) It facilitates interpersonal communication.Drections: Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 22A) Job security.B) Good labour relations.C) Challenging work.D) Attractive wages and benefits.Question 23A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.B) More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.C) Computers will change the nature of many jobs.D) Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.Question 24A) Offer them chances of promotion.B) Improve their working conditions.C) Encourage them to compete with each other.D) Give them responsibilities as part of a team.Question 25A) They will not bring real benefits to the staff.B) They concern a small number of people only.C) They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.D) They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.答案：1.C) Some tiger cubs were dead because of abuse.2.B) About 7 days.3.C) 57.4.D) All of A、B and C.5.A) He was abandoned by his parents.6.B) Soldiers, police and volunteers.7.D) Since Saturday.8.C) He has to work during the day.9.B) Learn data processing.10.C) Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks.11.A) What to bring for registration.12.D) A financial trader.13.B) He considers cooking creative.14.D) It can be a good thing.15.A ) The element of uncertainty and the mental challenge.16.C) Life was not possible in outer space.17.C) It has a large ocean under its surface.18.A) Light is not an essential element to it.19.B) What Dr. Meyer's instructions exactly were.20.D) She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.21.A) It lacks the stability of the printed word.22.C) Challenging work.23.A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.24.D) Give them responsibilities as part of a team.25.B) They concern a small number of people only.。
2016年6月大学英语四级真题听力原文(一二三套)
2016年6月大学英语四级真题听力原文(一二三套)DInternational Labour Organization is proposing a global job agreement to deal with unemployment.“It’s key objective is to place the center of recovery efforts, measures will generate higher levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.”1、What is the news report main about?2、What does Juan Somavia, Director-General of the International Labour Organization say?News Report 2Big fast food chains in New York city have started to obey a first kind of its rule, requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu. City Nurses is with New York department of health.“We wanted to give people an opportunity to actually see the calories before they purchase the food and make a decision and informed decision that if they want to make the healthierchoice. If they want to eat fewer calories, they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if this has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes and heart disease and high blood pressure.”The new rules will be introduced as a part of anti-obesity campaign. That also includes a recent citywide ban on artificial trans-fats in restaurant food. The menu roll only applies to restaurants that serves standardized potion sizes and have fifty or more locations nationwide. Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fall under the rule will face penalties of up to 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent sports on their menus, preferably next to the price.3. what are big fast food chains in New York city required to do according to the new rule?4.What will happen to big restaurant chains that violate the new rule?News Report 3Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today, but not many are able to integrate innovation into their business. A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points out that innovation doesn’t mean piles of documents, it’s something more practical. The article says many people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it’s more than that. It’s an attitude of doing thing. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also in functions, business models and processes.The article cites the global giant Procter & Gamble as an example, saying a real innovative company should develop an innovation culture, and use it as a primary tool for success. Procter & Gamble has a “Corporate Innovation Fund” which offers big rewards for high-risk ideas. It also has a special innovation facility for its employees. Sometimes its employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks and spend theirtime interrupting in the innovation facility instead. In conclusion, the article says innovative ideas alone d o not ensure success. It’s pointless unless there is repeatable processes in place to turn inspiration into financial performance.5. What is the problem of many companies according to news report?6. What do many people tend to think of the innovation?7. What does the company Procter & Gamble owe its success to?Section BConversation 1M: So, Lenzy, do you like to text message on your cell phone?W:Yeah, I text message a lot.M: I don’t do it so much, I prefer to make a call if I’m in a hurry.W: Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I don’t want to talk to the person, I just want to ask hima question, so it’s much easier for me, just text message, if I call them, I have to have a long conversation.M: Yeah, I can see what you mean. But I get of f the phone pretty quickly when I call. I’m not a big talker.W: Yeah, that’s true, you don’t talk a lot.M: So are you fast at writing the message with your thumb?W: Well, when I first get a cellphone, I was so slow, I thought I would never text message. But then people kept text messaging me. So I felt obliged to learn how to text message, so now I’m pretty fast. What about you?M: Actually I have the opposite problem. When I first get my cellphone, I thought it was so cool the to text message all my friends who have one. And I was pretty fast with my thumb then. But it seems like now I don’t use so much.I got slower actually.W: Yeah, I’ve been text messaging actually sort of has to do with your age. For example,people in high school, they text message a lot. But I asked my father if he texted message, and guess what he said?M: What?W: He said he’d never text message. He thinks it’s very childish and unprofessional to text message.M: Yeah, I can see what he means. It’s considered pretty informal to text message someone.8. what does the man say about himself?9. what does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone?10. why did the men text message all his friends when he first got his cell phone?11. what does the woman’s fat her think of the text massage?Conversation 2W: Good morning, Mr. Johnson, how can I help you?M: well, I’d like to talk to you about TeamBarn, the department manager.W: What seems to be the problem?M: Well, ever since Sandra left the departm ent, I feel like I’ve been targeted to do all her work as well as mine. I’m expected to attend many meetings. And I seem to be spending a lot of time doing unnecessary paper work.W: I’m sorry to hear that.M: And on top of that, I’ve specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday as I’d done a lot of overtime during the week. But that afternoon, even though I’d finished my assigned work, I was told to help other colleagues finish their work, too.W: But surely that’s a positive sign showing that Mr. Bond has a lot of trust in you.M: Yeah, but other colleague gets leave early, and they don’t have such a lot of work to do.W: So you feel he’s making unrealistic demands on you?M: Yes, absolutely.W: Have you approached Mr. Bond about this particular problem?M: I’ve tried, but it seems like he just has no time for me.W: Well, at this stage, it would be better to approach him directly. If nothing else showing that you’ve tried to solve the problem yourself before you take it further, mak es it clear you’re just not a complainer. Why don’t you send him an email requesting a meeting with him in private?M: Hmm, I feel a bit worried about his reaction. But, anyway I’ll send him an email request a meeting, and I’ll see what happens from there. Thanks for your advice.W: Good luck. And let us know the outcome.12. what do we know about the man from the conversation?13. what is the man’s chief complaint?14. How was the women interpret the factthat the man was asked to help his colleagues with their work?15. what did the women advise the man to do?Section CPassage 1The massive decline in sleep happens so slowly and quietly that feel seems trend. Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels? Never disconnecting from work? No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life in danger.New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is the top priority. Some 40% of the Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on week nights. “The link between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer.” says Lawrence Alberstaine, a sleep expert at Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hoursin the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels high during sleep. People who sleep less and have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems.Sleeping better may help fight of illnesses. “when people sleep-deprived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function.” says Doctor Felice of Northwestern university in Chicago. A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer. So say goodnight sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a right old age.16.What is the speaker mainly talking about?17.What do we learn from the talk about today’s Americans?18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep?Passage 2Parents and teachers will tell you not to worry when apply for a place in university, but in the same breath, they will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.The first decision is your choice of course, it would depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements? The deadline is January 15th. But it’s better to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of expression is foremost. Omit dull and ineffective generalities,and make sure you give the concrete examples. Admission officers will read every personal statement that arrives. It’s not convincing if you say you have chosen a subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.19. what is the first decision you should make in preparing to apply for a place at a university?20. what is the most important part of the application?21. what must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage 3It is usually agreed that a German Carl Benzbuilt the first motor car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the Royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars have two seats. There were no petrol pumps and few garages, So even driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, with screen, rubber tyres and number plates. Henry Ford’s Model T introduced in America in 1909, which cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with the Motor Car Act. Competency tests were introduced in 1935.Today, the legal driving age of car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening ofits first motorway—the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motorway was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motorway and the legend of transport cafe was born. Of course, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or coffee and a sandwich, one thing has remained the same: the prices.22.What does the speaker say about the first motor car?23.What was the problem with the early cars in Britain?24.Why did Henry Ford’s Model T cars cost less?25.What do we learn about the Preston bypass?2016年6月大学英语四级真题第二套听力原文Section ANews Report OneYou probably think college students are experts at sleeping, but parties，preparations for tests，personal problems and general stress can rack a student’s sleep habits，which can be bad for the body and the mind. Texas Tech University is even offering a class called Improving Your Sleep Habits. People suffering from sleep loss are at an increased risk from obesity, psychological problems and car crashes. Students who don't get enough sleep have poor attendance and lower grades. On top of all that, a new study published in the Journal Learning &Memory finds you're probably better off sleeping than making last-minute preparations for a test.200 college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games. Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later，butthey did much better after getting a good night’s sleep. So if you really want to do your job well, don't forget to get some sleep.News Report TwoLong queues，delayed flights and overcrowding at airports have become almost as much a topic for conversation in Britain as the traditional complaining about the weather. Meanwhile，there’re complaint that the poor service in London’s major airports is discouraging foreigners from doing business in Britain. Much of the criticism is directed at the British Airports Authority, which runs 7 major airports，including the 3 main ones serving London. The Competition Commission is now to investigate whether the British Airports Authority needs to sell off some of its assets. The idea is that competition between rival operators would lead to better service at airports. The British Airports Authority recently bought by aSpanish company, says the root cause of the problems is not the ownership structure, but a lack of runway and terminal capacity, which is addressing through a program of heavy investment.News Report ThreeUnder the law in Massachusetts, tobacco companies have to measure the nicotine content of every type of cigarette and report the results. The Department of Public Health in Boston gathers and carefully examines the figures，and then draws its conclusions. 116 brands were looked at for the study.82 were found to have higher nicotine yields than they did 6 years previously. The biggest increase tended to be in brands that were popular with young smokers，that worries the Department because of the addictive nature of nicotine .Stanton Glance，a professor of medicine in San Francisco explains why.“The amount of nicotine that’s delivered in every type of cigarettes is 10 percent higher thanit was 6 years ago，which means that it’s easier to get hooked and harder to quit. The big tobacco companies have always insisted that they are frank with their customers about the dangers of smoking and provide them with enough detail to make an informed decision. However，none of them were prepared to comment on this study or discuss the detailed nicotine content of their products.”Section BConversation OneM：And you know, one thing that l want to ask you. It’s great that you have had thisexperience of teaching in Indonesia andfollowing up on what you just mentioned，what would you recommend for studentswho do not live in an English speakingcountry and, you know, they want to learn.I don’t know about perfecting，but theywant at least to be able to communicatedecently. How can they go about this?W：Yeah, it’s really hard. That’s the real struggle because, right now , I do live inHolland but I really don’t socialize muchwith Dutch people and my boyfriend'sEnglish is so good that we just basicallyspeak English all the time. so I have tomake a real effort to practice. There’s asmuch listening exposure as I want--all Ihave to do is turn on the TVM：And reading also. right?W：Yeah, reading. There’s plenty that I can get to read and listen to but for speaking，there really is no substitute for trying to speakand use the language in a relaxedatmosphere. So I think that's really thechallenge for people who live in a countrywhere their target language isn't spoken.And for that, gosh，what would I do if Ididn’t have peo ple here，probably try tofind a club. In Sweden they have a reallycool system called “study Circles”, well, it’snot…it’s like a course. But really, you justhave a course leader who is there, sort of ,as a coach and guide and to help out, andyou don’t get grades, and you go justbecause you want to learn.Conversation TwoW：Okay，Nelson. So we are talking about driving and are there any rules orregulations that you’d like to change?M：I'm not sure I want to change rules, but I’d like the police to be stricter on the rules.Like if people jump traffic lights, I don’tknow why there isn’t a camera at the traffic lights to stop people doing that. Or likespeeding. It’s very easy to put speedcameras in certain places.W：Maybe car manufacturers should have some responsibility in limiting their power oftheir engines. What’s the point inproducing an engine that’s big andpowerful enough to go like 200km/h whenthe speed limit is only 100?M：Right, but do you know there are no speed limits in Germany?W：People there do drive responsibly ,though.Often people break laws simply because thelaws are there. If the law isn’t there，people will drive within their ability range. Whenyou got speed limits，this creates situationsactually present dangers on the road.M：Do you think Germans have better education about personal responsibility when driving? W：Possibly, they also have very good cars. M：Right.W：If you got a good car that can go at a high speed then it’s really nice to do that.M：But still, with care.W：So I think it’s the restriction that creates the dangers sometimes.M：Okay.W：Obviously, when driving through aresidential area or where there’s a scho ol，you’ve got to have speed policemen.M：Speed bumps.W：Yes, speed bumps. Those speed bumps that force you to slow down. I think they’regood ideas.M：So you don't think fining people is useful? W：Not really, because the police don’t have time to police every single driver.Section CPassage OneBehind the cash register at a store in downtown San Francisco，Sam Azar swiped his credit card to pay for a pack of cigarettes. The store's card reader failed to scan the card's magnetic strip. Azar tried again and again. No luck. As customers began to queue，Mr. Azar reached beneath the counter for a black plastic bag. He wrapped one layer of theplastic around the card and tried again. Success! The sale was completed.“I don’t know how it works. It just does，”said M r. Azar who 1earned the trick from another clerk. Verifone，the company that makes the store’s card reader, would not confirm or deny that the plastic bag trick worked. But it’s one of many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures that people without engineering degrees have discovered，often out of desperation，and shared.“ Today's shaky, economy is likely to produce many more such tricks. In postwar Japan，the economy wasn’t doing so great，so you couldn’t get everyday-use items like household cleaners.” says Lisa Katayama，author of Urawaza，a book named after the Japanese term for “clever lifestyle tips and tricks.”So people look for ways to do with what they had. Today, Americans are finding their own tips and tricks for fixing mal-functioning devices with supplies as simple as paper and glue.Some，like Mr. Azar’s plastic bag are open to argument as to how they work，or whether they really work at all. But many tech home remedies can be explained by a little science. Passage TwoIf you are a graduate student，you may depend on your advisor for many things，including help with improving grades，acquiring financial support，forming an examining committee and getting letters of recommendation. If you are a graduate teaching assistant，your advisor also may be your boss. Academic departments vary in their procedures for assigning academic advisors to graduate students. In some departments，either the chairman or the director of graduate studies serves for at least the first semester as a new student advisor. Then the students select an advisor based on shared academic interests. In other departments，a new student is assigned afaculty advisor based on some system of distribution of the department’s advising load .Later, students may have the opportunity of selecting the advisor that they prefer. In any case，new graduate students can learn who their advisors or temporary advisors are by visiting or emailing the departmental office, and asking for the information. Graduation requirements specify the number of credits you must earn，the minimum grade point average you must achieve and the distribution of credits you must have from among different departments or fields of study.In addition，it is necessary to apply for graduation when you near the time that you’11 be completing your graduation requirements. Since graduation requirements vary among divisions of the university, you should consult the Bulletin of Information. You should also direct your questions to your departmental office or academic advisor.Passage ThreeJody Harbert is a diet and nutrition expert who travels around the state to speak in middle and high schools. She primarily speaks to students in health classes，but sometimes the school will arrange for her to speak to several different groups of girls. Her biggest concern is the emphasis American culture places on thinness and the negative ways of this affects girls today. Jody has a Ph.D. in nutrition，but more important，she has personal experience. Her mother taught her to diet when she was only 8 years old. Jody has created several different presentations which she gives to different types of audiences，and she tries to establish an emotional connection with the students so that they will feel comfortable asking questions or talking to her privately. She shows them pictures and images from popular culture of beautiful women and explains how computers are used to make the women lookeven more thin and beautiful man they are in real life. She describes how the definition of beauty has changed over the years and even from culture to culture. She then talks about health issues and the physical damage that can occur as a result of dieting. Finally，she addresses self-respect and the notion that a person’s sense of beauty must include more than how much a person weighs. Sometimes, Jody feels that she succeeds in persuading some students to stop dieting. Other times，she feels that she fails.2016年6月大学英语四级真题第三套听力原文（与第二套相同）。
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2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第3套）参考答案
Part I Writing
Dear Jack,
I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for the assistance you provided to me.
You are the kindest teacher that I have ever met. If it had not been for your help and encouragement, I am afraid that I would not have made remarkable progress in English throughout the school year. There is no denying the fact that my success in entering college is attributed in great part to your guidance and encouragement. It was you who motivated me to study hard and brought home to me the importance of mastering English to my future achievement. Moreover, not only did you help me find out a feasible way to improve my English, but you also made plans and set goals to achieve my full potential in learning English.
Again, many thanks for all the things you have done for me. May everything go well with you.
Sincerely yours,
Part IV Translation
Wuzhen is an ancient water town in Zhejiang Province, located on the bank of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. This is a charming place, with many ancient bridges, Chinese hotels and restaurants. Over the past 1,000 years, the water system and life styles in Wuzhen have not undergone many changes, thus making it a museum showing the ancient civilization. All the houses in Wuzhen are built of stone and wood. For centuries, the local people have built houses and markets along the river. Countless beautiful spacious courtyards hide between houses, and visitors will make a surprising discovery wherever they go.。