欠频响压力探针测量压气机动态流场的结果分析

欠频响压力探针测量压气机动态流场的结果分析

马宏伟1,2，魏巍1,2，张良1,2，官辉1,2

（1.北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院;2.先进航空发动机协同创新中心:北京100191）

摘要：压气机内部流动具有很强的非定常特征，尤其是小尺寸发动机叶片通过频率高达30~80kHz ，而动态压力探针的响应频率只能与叶片通过频率相当，采用其测量不易获得具体的高频流场结构。为了研究这种欠频响情况下测得流场与真实流场的差异，以某低速压气机为对象进行了模拟研究。采用频响为420Hz 的动态压力探针及频响大于33kHz 的单斜丝热线探针，测量了叶片通过频率为303Hz 的转子出口流场。修正了动态压力探针的容腔效应对测得流场的影响，校验了在测试系统响应频率较低时，修正后流场与热线测得的参考流场之间的差异。对比结果表明：原始流场压力信号的部分频率成分产生了较大偏差，出口截面流场的周向位置有较大误差。经修正后，周向位置较为准确，泄漏堵塞区域形态以及强度都与参考流场的更为接近，但由于尾迹区存在部分高频，修正后结果与参考流场的差异仍较明显。

关键词：欠频响压力探针；动态测量；管传递函数；动态修正；压气机；航空发动机

中图分类号：V231.3文献标识码：A doi ：10.13477/ki.aeroengine.2016.02.013

Analysis of Measured Unsteady Flow Field Using a Quasi Fast Response Pressure Probe

MA Hong-wei 1,2,WEI Wei 1,2,ZHANG Liang 1,2,GUAN Hui 1,2

(1.School of Energy and Power Engineering ,Beihang University ;2.Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced

Aero-Engine ,Beijing 100191,China )

Abstract:It is well known that the flow filed inside a compressor has strong dynamic characteristic,especially in the small-scale ones whose blade passing frequency could reach 30~80kHz.In most circumstances,because the Fast Response Aerodynamic Probe (FRAP )can only meet the blade passing frequency,the dynamic characteristic of the probe can not satisfy the requirement of reproducing a detailed high-frequency flow structure.In order to investigate the difference between measured flow field and real flow field using this quasi FRAP,a dynamic pressure probe with a response frequency of 420Hz and a slanted single hot wire probe with a response frequency more than 33kHz was utilized to measure the unsteady flow filed at the outlet of an isolated compressor rotor which had a blade passing frequency of 303Hz.The frequency response of the probe was measured to correct the influence of square-cavity effect on the measured flow field.The corresponding corrected ones were compared with the reference flow field measured with hot wire probe as the response frequency of measurement system was low.The comparison shows that some frequency components of the original signals were amplified.After

correction,the circumferential position of the unsteady field,the blockage and pattern of the tip leakage area are obviously more close to the reference flow field.Nevertheless,due to the high frequency component in the wake,the correction still cannot get a good result.Key words:quasi FRAP ;dynamic measurement ;tube transfer function ;dynamic correction ;compressor ;areoengine 航空发动机Aeroengine 收稿日期：2015-06-12基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51136003）资助

作者简介：马宏伟（1968），男，博士，博士生导师，研究方向为叶轮机复杂流动，发动机气动测试技术；E-mail ：mahw@ 。引用格式：

第42卷第2期

Vol.42No.2

Apr.2016

0引言

准确测量动态压力信号对描述航空发动机压气

机部件中的非定常流动特征起着非常重要的作用，但

相对于压气机内部流场极高频的动态特征，高频压力探针的频响往往不能满足测量要求。目前，常规尺寸的航空发动机压气机部件的典型叶片通过频率为5~20kHz ，小尺寸发动机的叶片通过频率则高达30~80kHz ，而多数高频压力探针的频响只有30~50kHz [1-8]。可以认为在多数情况下，这些动态压力探针PDF pdfFactory Pro