IOREX
Tektronix MDO3000 Series 数字多功能作业仪用户指南说明书
19StandardMath ToolsDisplay up to four math function traces (F1-F4). The easy-to-use graphical interface simplifies setup of up to two operations on each function trace;and function traces can be chained together to perform math-on-math.absolute value integralaverage (summed)invert (negate)average (continuous)log (base e)custom (MATLAB) – limited points product (x)derivativeratio (/)deskew (resample)reciprocaldifference (–)rescale (with units)enhanced resolution (to 11 bits vertical)roof envelope (sinx)/x exp (base e)square exp (base 10)square root fft (power spectrum, magnitude, phase,sum (+)up to 50 kpts) trend (datalog) of 1000 events floorzoom (identity)histogram of 1000 eventsMeasure ToolsDisplay any 6 parameters together with statistics, including their average,high, low, and standard deviations. Histicons provide a fast, dynamic view of parameters and wave-shape characteristics.Pass/Fail TestingSimultaneously test multiple parameters against selectable parameter limits or pre-defined masks. Pass or fail conditions can initiate actions including document to local or networked files, e-mail the image of the failure, save waveforms, send a pulse out at the rear panel auxiliary BNC output, or (with the GPIB option) send a GPIB SRQ.Jitter and Timing Analysis Software Package (WRXi-JTA2)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)•Jitter and timing parameters, with “Track”graphs of •Edge@lv parameter (counts edges)• Persistence histogram, persistence trace (mean, range, sigma)Software Options –Advanced Math and WaveShape AnalysisStatistics Package (WRXi-STAT)This package provides additional capability to statistically display measurement information and to analyze results:• Histograms expanded with 19 histogram parameters/up to 2 billion events.• Persistence Histogram• Persistence Trace (mean, range, sigma)Master Analysis Software Package (WRXi-XMAP)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)This package provides maximum capability and flexibility, and includes all the functionality present in XMATH, XDEV, and JTA2.Advanced Math Software Package (WRXi-XMATH)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)This package provides a comprehensive set of WaveShape Analysis tools providing insight into the wave shape of complex signals. Includes:•Parameter math – add, subtract, multiply, or divide two different parameters.Invert a parameter and rescale parameter values.•Histograms expanded with 19 histogram parameters/up to 2 billion events.•Trend (datalog) of up to 1 million events•Track graphs of any measurement parameter•FFT capability includes: power averaging, power density, real and imaginary components, frequency domain parameters, and FFT on up to 24 Mpts.•Narrow-band power measurements •Auto-correlation function •Sparse function• Cubic interpolation functionAdvanced Customization Software Package (WRXi-XDEV)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)This package provides a set of tools to modify the scope and customize it to meet your unique needs. Additional capability provided by XDEV includes:•Creation of your own measurement parameter or math function, using third-party software packages, and display of the result in the scope. Supported third-party software packages include:– VBScript – MATLAB – Excel•CustomDSO – create your own user interface in a scope dialog box.• Addition of macro keys to run VBScript files •Support for plug-insValue Analysis Software Package (WRXi-XVAP)(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Measurements:•Jitter and Timing parameters (period@level,width@level, edge@level,duty@level, time interval error@level, frequency@level, half period, setup, skew, Δ period@level, Δ width@level).Math:•Persistence histogram •Persistence trace (mean, sigma, range)•1 Mpts FFTs with power spectrum density, power averaging, real, imaginary, and real+imaginary settings)Statistical and Graphical Analysis•1 Mpts Trends and Histograms •19 histogram parameters •Track graphs of any measurement parameterIntermediate Math Software Package (WRXi-XWAV)Math:•1 Mpts FFTs with power spectrum density, power averaging, real, and imaginary componentsStatistical and Graphical Analysis •1 Mpts Trends and Histograms •19 histogram parameters•Track graphs of any measurement parameteramplitude area base cyclescustom (MATLAB,VBScript) –limited points delay Δdelay duration duty cyclefalltime (90–10%, 80–20%, @ level)firstfrequency lastlevel @ x maximum mean median minimumnumber of points +overshoot –overshoot peak-to-peak period phaserisetime (10–90%, 20–80%, @ level)rmsstd. deviation time @ level topΔ time @ levelΔ time @ level from triggerwidth (positive + negative)x@ max.x@ min.– Cycle-Cycle Jitter – N-Cycle– N-Cycle with start selection – Frequency– Period – Half Period – Width– Time Interval Error – Setup– Hold – Skew– Duty Cycle– Duty Cycle Error20WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner 44Xi-A64Xi-A62Xi-A104Xi-A204Xi-AVertical System44MXi-A64MXi-A104MXi-A204MXi-ANominal Analog Bandwidth 400 MHz600 MHz600 MHz 1 GHz 2 GHz@ 50 Ω, 10 mV–1 V/divRise Time (Typical)875 ps500 ps500 ps300 ps180 psInput Channels44244Bandwidth Limiters20 MHz; 200 MHzInput Impedance 1 MΩ||16 pF or 50 Ω 1 MΩ||20 pF or 50 ΩInput Coupling50 Ω: DC, 1 MΩ: AC, DC, GNDMaximum Input Voltage50 Ω: 5 V rms, 1 MΩ: 400 V max.50 Ω: 5 V rms, 1 MΩ: 250 V max.(DC + Peak AC ≤ 5 kHz)(DC + Peak AC ≤ 10 kHz)Vertical Resolution8 bits; up to 11 with enhanced resolution (ERES)Sensitivity50 Ω: 2 mV/div–1 V/div fully variable; 1 MΩ: 2 mV–10 V/div fully variableDC Gain Accuracy±1.0% of full scale (typical); ±1.5% of full scale, ≥ 10 mV/div (warranted)Offset Range50 Ω: ±1 V @ 2–98 mV/div, ±10 V @ 100 mV/div–1 V/div; 50Ω:±400mV@2–4.95mV/div,±1V@5–99mv/div,1 M Ω: ±1 V @ 2–98 mV/div, ±10 V @ 100 mV/div–1 V/div,±10 V @ 100 mV–1 V/div±**********/div–10V/div 1 M Ω: ±400 mV @ 2–4.95 mV/div, ±1 V @5–99 mV/div, ±10 V @ 100 mV–1 V/div,±*********–10V/divInput Connector ProBus/BNCTimebase SystemTimebases Internal timebase common to all input channels; an external clock may be applied at the auxiliary inputTime/Division Range Real time: 200 ps/div–10 s/div, RIS mode: 200 ps/div to 10 ns/div, Roll mode: up to 1,000 s/divClock Accuracy≤ 5 ppm @ 25 °C (typical) (≤ 10 ppm @ 5–40 °C)Sample Rate and Delay Time Accuracy Equal to Clock AccuracyChannel to Channel Deskew Range±9 x time/div setting, 100 ms max., each channelExternal Sample Clock DC to 600 MHz; (DC to 1 GHz for 104Xi-A/104MXi-A and 204Xi-A/204MXi-A) 50 Ω, (limited BW in 1 MΩ),BNC input, limited to 2 Ch operation (1 Ch in 62Xi-A), (minimum rise time and amplitude requirements applyat low frequencies)Roll Mode User selectable at ≥ 500 ms/div and ≤100 kS/s44Xi-A64Xi-A62Xi-A104Xi-A204Xi-A Acquisition System44MXi-A64MXi-A104MXi-A204MXi-ASingle-Shot Sample Rate/Ch 5 GS/sInterleaved Sample Rate (2 Ch) 5 GS/s10 GS/s10 GS/s10 GS/s10 GS/sRandom Interleaved Sampling (RIS)200 GS/sRIS Mode User selectable from 200 ps/div to 10 ns/div User selectable from 100 ps/div to 10 ns/div Trigger Rate (Maximum) 1,250,000 waveforms/secondSequence Time Stamp Resolution 1 nsMinimum Time Between 800 nsSequential SegmentsAcquisition Memory Options Max. Acquisition Points (4 Ch/2 Ch, 2 Ch/1 Ch in 62Xi-A)Segments (Sequence Mode)Standard12.5M/25M10,00044Xi-A64Xi-A62Xi-A104Xi-A204Xi-A Acquisition Processing44MXi-A64MXi-A104MXi-A204MXi-ATime Resolution (min, Single-shot)200 ps (5 GS/s)100 ps (10 GS/s)100 ps (10 GS/s)100 ps (10 GS/s)100 ps (10 GS/s) Averaging Summed and continuous averaging to 1 million sweepsERES From 8.5 to 11 bits vertical resolutionEnvelope (Extrema)Envelope, floor, or roof for up to 1 million sweepsInterpolation Linear or (Sinx)/xTrigger SystemTrigger Modes Normal, Auto, Single, StopSources Any input channel, External, Ext/10, or Line; slope and level unique to each source, except LineTrigger Coupling DC, AC (typically 7.5 Hz), HF Reject, LF RejectPre-trigger Delay 0–100% of memory size (adjustable in 1% increments, or 100 ns)Post-trigger Delay Up to 10,000 divisions in real time mode, limited at slower time/div settings in roll modeHold-off 1 ns to 20 s or 1 to 1,000,000,000 events21WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner WaveRunner 44Xi-A 64Xi-A 62Xi-A104Xi-A 204Xi-A Trigger System (cont’d)44MXi-A64MXi-A104MXi-A204MXi-AInternal Trigger Level Range ±4.1 div from center (typical)Trigger and Interpolator Jitter≤ 3 ps rms (typical)Trigger Sensitivity with Edge Trigger 2 div @ < 400 MHz 2 div @ < 600 MHz 2 div @ < 600 MHz 2 div @ < 1 GHz 2 div @ < 2 GHz (Ch 1–4 + external, DC, AC, and 1 div @ < 200 MHz 1 div @ < 200 MHz 1 div @ < 200 MHz 1 div @ < 200 MHz 1 div @ < 200 MHz LFrej coupling)Max. Trigger Frequency with400 MHz 600 MHz 600 MHz 1 GHz2 GHzSMART Trigger™ (Ch 1–4 + external)@ ≥ 10 mV@ ≥ 10 mV@ ≥ 10 mV@ ≥ 10 mV@ ≥ 10 mVExternal Trigger RangeEXT/10 ±4 V; EXT ±400 mVBasic TriggersEdgeTriggers when signal meets slope (positive, negative, either, or Window) and level conditionTV-Composite VideoT riggers NTSC or PAL with selectable line and field; HDTV (720p, 1080i, 1080p) with selectable frame rate (50 or 60 Hz)and Line; or CUSTOM with selectable Fields (1–8), Lines (up to 2000), Frame Rates (25, 30, 50, or 60 Hz), Interlacing (1:1, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1), or Synch Pulse Slope (Positive or Negative)SMART TriggersState or Edge Qualified Triggers on any input source only if a defined state or edge occurred on another input source.Delay between sources is selectable by time or eventsQualified First In Sequence acquisition mode, triggers repeatedly on event B only if a defined pattern, state, or edge (event A) is satisfied in the first segment of the acquisition. Delay between sources is selectable by time or events Dropout Triggers if signal drops out for longer than selected time between 1 ns and 20 s.PatternLogic combination (AND, NAND, OR, NOR) of 5 inputs (4 channels and external trigger input – 2 Ch+EXT on WaveRunner 62Xi-A). Each source can be high, low, or don’t care. The High and Low level can be selected independently. Triggers at start or end of the patternSMART Triggers with Exclusion TechnologyGlitch and Pulse Width Triggers on positive or negative glitches with widths selectable from 500 ps to 20 s or on intermittent faults (subject to bandwidth limit of oscilloscope)Signal or Pattern IntervalTriggers on intervals selectable between 1 ns and 20 sTimeout (State/Edge Qualified)Triggers on any source if a given state (or transition edge) has occurred on another source.Delay between sources is 1 ns to 20 s, or 1 to 99,999,999 eventsRuntTrigger on positive or negative runts defined by two voltage limits and two time limits. Select between 1 ns and 20 sSlew RateTrigger on edge rates. Select limits for dV, dt, and slope. Select edge limits between 1 ns and 20 s Exclusion TriggeringTrigger on intermittent faults by specifying the normal width or periodLeCroy WaveStream Fast Viewing ModeIntensity256 Intensity Levels, 1–100% adjustable via front panel control Number of Channels up to 4 simultaneouslyMax Sampling Rate5 GS/s (10 GS/s for WR 62Xi-A, 64Xi-A/64MXi-A,104Xi-A/104MXi-A, 204Xi-A/204MXi-A in interleaved mode)Waveforms/second (continuous)Up to 20,000 waveforms/secondOperationFront panel toggle between normal real-time mode and LeCroy WaveStream Fast Viewing modeAutomatic SetupAuto SetupAutomatically sets timebase, trigger, and sensitivity to display a wide range of repetitive signalsVertical Find ScaleAutomatically sets the vertical sensitivity and offset for the selected channels to display a waveform with maximum dynamic range44Xi-A 64Xi-A 62Xi-A104Xi-A 204Xi-A Probes44MXi-A 64MXi-A104MXi-A 204MXi-AProbesOne Passive probe per channel; Optional passive and active probes available Probe System; ProBus Automatically detects and supports a variety of compatible probes Scale FactorsAutomatically or manually selected, depending on probe usedColor Waveform DisplayTypeColor 10.4" flat-panel TFT-LCD with high resolution touch screenResolutionSVGA; 800 x 600 pixels; maximum external monitor output resolution of 2048 x 1536 pixelsNumber of Traces Display a maximum of 8 traces. Simultaneously display channel, zoom, memory, and math traces Grid StylesAuto, Single, Dual, Quad, Octal, XY , Single + XY , Dual + XY Waveform StylesSample dots joined or dots only in real-time mode22Zoom Expansion TracesDisplay up to 4 Zoom/Math traces with 16 bits/data pointInternal Waveform MemoryM1, M2, M3, M4 Internal Waveform Memory (store full-length waveform with 16 bits/data point) or store to any number of files limited only by data storage mediaSetup StorageFront Panel and Instrument StatusStore to the internal hard drive, over the network, or to a USB-connected peripheral deviceInterfaceRemote ControlVia Windows Automation, or via LeCroy Remote Command Set Network Communication Standard VXI-11 or VICP , LXI Class C Compliant GPIB Port (Accessory)Supports IEEE – 488.2Ethernet Port 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet interface (RJ-45 connector)USB Ports5 USB 2.0 ports (one on front of instrument) supports Windows-compatible devices External Monitor Port Standard 15-pin D-Type SVGA-compatible DB-15; connect a second monitor to use extended desktop display mode with XGA resolution Serial PortDB-9 RS-232 port (not for remote oscilloscope control)44Xi-A 64Xi-A 62Xi-A104Xi-A 204Xi-A Auxiliary Input44MXi-A 64MXi-A104MXi-A 204MXi-ASignal Types Selected from External Trigger or External Clock input on front panel Coupling50 Ω: DC, 1 M Ω: AC, DC, GND Maximum Input Voltage50 Ω: 5 V rms , 1 M Ω: 400 V max.50 Ω: 5 V rms , 1 M Ω: 250 V max. (DC + Peak AC ≤ 5 kHz)(DC + Peak AC ≤ 10 kHz)Auxiliary OutputSignal TypeTrigger Enabled, Trigger Output. Pass/Fail, or Off Output Level TTL, ≈3.3 VConnector TypeBNC, located on rear panelGeneralAuto Calibration Ensures specified DC and timing accuracy is maintained for 1 year minimumCalibratorOutput available on front panel connector provides a variety of signals for probe calibration and compensationPower Requirements90–264 V rms at 50/60 Hz; 115 V rms (±10%) at 400 Hz, Automatic AC Voltage SelectionInstallation Category: 300 V CAT II; Max. Power Consumption: 340 VA/340 W; 290 VA/290 W for WaveRunner 62Xi-AEnvironmentalTemperature: Operating+5 °C to +40 °C Temperature: Non-Operating -20 °C to +60 °CHumidity: Operating Maximum relative humidity 80% for temperatures up to 31 °C decreasing linearly to 50% relative humidity at 40 °CHumidity: Non-Operating 5% to 95% RH (non-condensing) as tested per MIL-PRF-28800F Altitude: OperatingUp to 3,048 m (10,000 ft.) @ ≤ 25 °C Altitude: Non-OperatingUp to 12,190 m (40,000 ft.)PhysicalDimensions (HWD)260 mm x 340 mm x 152 mm Excluding accessories and projections (10.25" x 13.4" x 6")Net Weight7.26kg. (16.0lbs.)CertificationsCE Compliant, UL and cUL listed; Conforms to EN 61326, EN 61010-1, UL 61010-1 2nd Edition, and CSA C22.2 No. 61010-1-04Warranty and Service3-year warranty; calibration recommended annually. Optional service programs include extended warranty, upgrades, calibration, and customization services23Product DescriptionProduct CodeWaveRunner Xi-A Series Oscilloscopes2 GHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/ChWaveRunner 204Xi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 1 GHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/ChWaveRunner 104Xi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 600 MHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 64Xi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 600 MHz, 2 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 62Xi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 400 MHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 44Xi-A(25 Mpts/Ch in interleaved mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen DisplayWaveRunner MXi-A Series Oscilloscopes2 GHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/ChWaveRunner 204MXi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in Interleaved Mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 1 GHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/ChWaveRunner 104MXi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in Interleaved Mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 600 MHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 64MXi-A(10 GS/s, 25 Mpts/Ch in Interleaved Mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen Display 400 MHz, 4 Ch, 5 GS/s, 12.5 Mpts/Ch WaveRunner 44MXi-A(25 Mpts/Ch in Interleaved Mode)with 10.4" Color Touch Screen DisplayIncluded with Standard Configuration÷10, 500 MHz, 10 M Ω Passive Probe (Total of 1 Per Channel)Standard Ports; 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet, USB 2.0 (5), SVGA Video out, Audio in/out, RS-232Optical 3-button Wheel Mouse – USB 2.0Protective Front Cover Accessory PouchGetting Started Manual Quick Reference GuideAnti-virus Software (Trial Version)Commercial NIST Traceable Calibration with Certificate 3-year WarrantyGeneral Purpose Software OptionsStatistics Software Package WRXi-STAT Master Analysis Software Package WRXi-XMAP (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Advanced Math Software Package WRXi-XMATH (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Intermediate Math Software Package WRXi-XWAV (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Value Analysis Software Package (Includes XWAV and JTA2) WRXi-XVAP (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Advanced Customization Software Package WRXi-XDEV (Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Spectrum Analyzer and Advanced FFT Option WRXi-SPECTRUM Processing Web Editor Software Package WRXi-XWEBProduct Description Product CodeApplication Specific Software OptionsJitter and Timing Analysis Software Package WRXi-JTA2(Standard with MXi-A model oscilloscopes)Digital Filter Software PackageWRXi-DFP2Disk Drive Measurement Software Package WRXi-DDM2PowerMeasure Analysis Software Package WRXi-PMA2Serial Data Mask Software PackageWRXi-SDM QualiPHY Enabled Ethernet Software Option QPHY-ENET*QualiPHY Enabled USB 2.0 Software Option QPHY-USB †EMC Pulse Parameter Software Package WRXi-EMC Electrical Telecom Mask Test PackageET-PMT* TF-ENET-B required. †TF-USB-B required.Serial Data OptionsI 2C Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-I2Cbus TD SPI Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-SPIbus TD UART and RS-232 Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-UART-RS232bus TD LIN Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-LINbus TD CANbus TD Trigger and Decode Option CANbus TD CANbus TDM Trigger, Decode, and Measure/Graph Option CANbus TDM FlexRay Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-FlexRaybus TD FlexRay Trigger and Decode Physical Layer WRXi-FlexRaybus TDP Test OptionAudiobus Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-Audiobus TDfor I 2S , LJ, RJ, and TDMAudiobus Trigger, Decode, and Graph Option WRXi-Audiobus TDGfor I 2S LJ, RJ, and TDMMIL-STD-1553 Trigger and Decode Option WRXi-1553 TDA variety of Vehicle Bus Analyzers based on the WaveRunner Xi-A platform are available.These units are equipped with a Symbolic CAN trigger and decode.Mixed Signal Oscilloscope Options500 MHz, 18 Ch, 2 GS/s, 50 Mpts/Ch MS-500Mixed Signal Oscilloscope Option 250 MHz, 36 Ch, 1 GS/s, 25 Mpts/ChMS-500-36(500 MHz, 18 Ch, 2 GS/s, 50 Mpts/Ch Interleaved) Mixed Signal Oscilloscope Option 250 MHz, 18 Ch, 1 GS/s, 10 Mpts/Ch MS-250Mixed Signal Oscilloscope OptionProbes and Amplifiers*Set of 4 ZS1500, 1.5 GHz, 0.9 pF , 1 M ΩZS1500-QUADPAK High Impedance Active ProbeSet of 4 ZS1000, 1 GHz, 0.9 pF , 1 M ΩZS1000-QUADPAK High Impedance Active Probe 2.5 GHz, 0.7 pF Active Probe HFP25001 GHz Active Differential Probe (÷1, ÷10, ÷20)AP034500 MHz Active Differential Probe (x10, ÷1, ÷10, ÷100)AP03330 A; 100 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 30 A rms ; 50 A rms Pulse CP03130 A; 50 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 30 A rms ; 50 A rms Pulse CP03030 A; 50 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 30 A rms ; 50 A peak Pulse AP015150 A; 10 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 150 A rms ; 500 A peak Pulse CP150500 A; 2 MHz Current Probe – AC/DC; 500 A rms ; 700 A peak Pulse CP5001,400 V, 100 MHz High-Voltage Differential Probe ADP3051,400 V, 20 MHz High-Voltage Differential Probe ADP3001 Ch, 100 MHz Differential Amplifier DA1855A*A wide variety of other passive, active, and differential probes are also available.Consult LeCroy for more information.Product Description Product CodeHardware Accessories*10/100/1000Base-T Compliance Test Fixture TF-ENET-B †USB 2.0 Compliance Test Fixture TF-USB-B External GPIB Interface WS-GPIBSoft Carrying Case WRXi-SOFTCASE Hard Transit CaseWRXi-HARDCASE Mounting Stand – Desktop Clamp Style WRXi-MS-CLAMPRackmount Kit WRXi-RACK Mini KeyboardWRXi-KYBD Removable Hard Drive Package (Includes removeable WRXi-A-RHD hard drive kit and two hard drives)Additional Removable Hard DriveWRXi-A-RHD-02* A variety of local language front panel overlays are also available .† Includes ENET-2CAB-SMA018 and ENET-2ADA-BNCSMA.Customer ServiceLeCroy oscilloscopes and probes are designed, built, and tested to ensure high reliability. In the unlikely event you experience difficulties, our digital oscilloscopes are fully warranted for three years, and our probes are warranted for one year.This warranty includes:• No charge for return shipping • Long-term 7-year support• Upgrade to latest software at no chargeLocal sales offices are located throughout the world. Visit our website to find the most convenient location.© 2010 by LeCroy Corporation. All rights reserved. Specifications, prices, availability, and delivery subject to change without notice. Product or brand names are trademarks or requested trademarks of their respective holders.1-800-5-LeCroy WRXi-ADS-14Apr10PDF。
[整理]REX521技术参考手册.
![[整理]REX521技术参考手册.](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/a7848f756bd97f192279e9f9.png)
REX 521型微机保护继电器技术参考手册汇编上海ABB工程有限公司2002,08,181. 概述REX521建立在RED500平台上，是REF54_型馈线终端的一种简化产品。
它是综合保护、控制、测量、监视和通信为一体的微机终端。
本手册阐述REX521终端的概貌、及其配置。
首先是概述，第二部分逐项描述了基本配置和中级配置等两种的标准配置的概况，第三部分到第六部分介绍了信号路径及其功能，第七部分为应用举例。
最后是附录，为原版Copy的技术数据和外部结线图，以供查阅防止误导。
REX 521 和RED 500 平台在功能模块介绍上的不同在CD-ROM“功能的技术介绍” (1MRS 750889-MUM)的功能模块的介绍方面， REX521 和RED 500 平台在某些方面有所不同。
首先，某些术语是指其他产品而不是REX521，其次，有某些数据仅适用于REX521：• 在试验某一功能模块时，READY 指示灯闪烁。
• 事件标识位1仅适用于SPA 通讯。
• 不能实现直接控制自动重合闸的功能。
REX521输入、输出量一览表：REX521的输出继电器接点能力REX521 机箱安装尺寸：请参阅下图中的标准19英寸的1/3 （表中第二项）。
REX521的整定范围一览表：REX521的通信串口：面前一个背后两个，全是光纤通信口。
背后串口的通信规约LON/IEC/SPA 可选。
表1.-1 REX 521的两种标准配置表1.-2 REX521的保护功能表1.-3 REX521的控制功能表 1.-4 REX521的测量功能表 1.-5 REX 521的状态监测功能表 1.-6 REX 521电源质量监视功能基本配置和中级配置的主要区别在于，中级配置增加了方向接地保护。
B01和B02以及M01和 M02之间的区别是，B02 和M02增加了自动重合闸功能。
2. 信号路径总图表示除模拟量信号外的输入、输出的功能控制的耒龙去脉的信号路径图图：2.-1 信号路径总图概念2.1. 数字量输入为了实现不同的功能，数字量输入(DI1...DI9) 要连接到功能模块的输入口，或直接连接到输出回路。
锅炉用水标准
锅炉用水标准时间：2007年11月2日一、范围本标准规定了工业锅炉运行时的水质要求。
本标准适用于额定出口蒸汽压力小于等于，以水为介质的固定式蒸汽锅炉和汽水两用锅炉也适用于以水为介质的固定式承压热水锅炉和常压热水锅炉。
二、水质标准1、蒸汽锅炉和汽水两用锅炉的给水一般应采用锅外化学水处理，水质应符合表1规定表1国家质量技术监督局2001-01-10批准 2001-10-01实施1) 硬度mmol/L的基本单元为c(1/2Ca2+、1/2Mg2+)，下同。
2) 碱度mmo1/L的基本单元为c(OH-、1/2CO2-3、HC03-)，下同。
对蒸汽品质要求不高，且不带过热器的锅炉，使用单位在报当地锅炉压力容器安全监察机构同意后，碱度指标上限值可适当放宽。
3) 当锅炉额定蒸发量大于等于6t/h时应除氧，额定蒸发量小于6t/h的锅炉如发现局部腐蚀时，给水应采取除氧措施，对于供汽轮机用汽的锅炉给水含氧量应小于等于L。
4) 如测定溶解固形物有困难时，可采用测定电导率或氯离子(C1-)的方法来间接控制，但溶解固形物与电导率或与氯离子(Cl-)的比值关系应根据试验确定。
并应定期复试和修正此比值关系。
5) 全焊接结构锅炉相对碱度可不控制。
6) 仅限燃油、燃气锅炉2、额定蒸发量小于等于2t/h，且额定蒸汽压力小于等于的蒸汽锅炉和汽水两用锅炉（如对汽、水品质无特殊要求）也可采用锅内加药处理。
但必须对锅炉的结垢、腐蚀和水质加强监督，认真做好加药、排污和清洗工作，其水质应符合表2规定。
表23 、承压热水锅炉给水应进行锅外水处理，对于额定功率小于等于非架式承压的热水锅炉和常压热水锅炉，可采用锅内加药处理，但必须对锅炉的结垢、腐蚀和水质加强监督，认真做好加药工作，其水质应符合表3的规定。
表3锅内加药处理锅外化学处理项目给水锅水给水锅水悬浮物，mg/L≤20≤5总硬度，≤6≤mmol/LPH(25℃)1)≥710-12≥7溶解氧，≤mg/L2)含油量，mg/L≤2≤21)通过补加药剂使锅水pH值控制在10一12。
文件IO操作opencloseread与write函数详解
文件I/O操作open(),close(),read()和write()函数详解1. open（）函数功能描述：用于打开或创建文件，在打开或创建文件时能够指定文件的属性及用户的权限等各类参数。
所需头文件:#include <sys/>,#include <sys/>,#include <>函数原型:int open(const char *pathname,int flags,int perms)参数：pathname:被打开的文件名（可包括途径名如"dev/ttyS0"）flags:文件打开方式,O_RDONL Y:以只读方式打开文件O_WRONL Y:以只写方式打开文件O_RDWR:以读写方式打开文件O_CREAT:若是改文件不存在，就创建一个新的文件，并用第三个参数为其设置权限O_EXCL:若是利用O_CREAT时文件存在，那么返回错误消息。
这一参数可测试文件是不是存在。
现在open是原子操作，避免多个进程同时创建同一个文件O_NOCTTY:利用本参数时，假设文件为终端，那么该终端可不能成为挪用open()的那个进程的操纵终端O_TRUNC:若文件已经存在，那么会删除文件中的全部原有数据，并且设置文件大小为0 O_APPEND:以添加方式打开文件，在打开文件的同时，文件指针指向文件的末尾，即将写入的数据添加到文件的末尾O_NONBLOCK: 若是pathname指的是一个FIFO、一个块特殊文件或一个字符特殊文件，那么此选择项为此文件的本次打开操作和后续的I/O操作设置非阻塞方式。
O_SYNC:使每次write都等到物理I/O操作完成。
O_RSYNC:read 等待所有写入同一区域的写操作完成后再进行在open()函数中，falgs参数可以通过“|”组合构成，但前3个标准常量（O_RDONL Y，O_WRONL Y，和O_RDWR）不能互相组合。
NETGEAR GS305v3和GS308v3无管理5 8口巨量以太网开关安装指南说明书
Guida all'installazione Switch Gigabit Ethernet Unmanaged da 5 e 8 porte Modello GS305v3 e GS308v3Contenuto della confezione• Switch• Alimentatore (varia in base all'area geografica)• Guida all'installazionei cavi Ethernet non sono inclusi.1. Registrazione tramite l'app NETGEAR InsightUtilizzare l'app NETGEAR Insight per registrare lo switch, attivare la garanzia eaccedere al supporto tecnico.1. Sul dispositivo mobile iOS o Android in uso, accedere all'App Store, cercareNETGEAR Insight e scaricare l'app più recente.2. Aprire l'app NETGEAR Insight.3. Se non è stato ancora configurato un account NETGEAR, toccare CreateNETGEAR Account (Crea account NETGEAR) e seguire le istruzionivisualizzate sullo schermo.4. Toccare il menu nell'angolo in alto a sinistra per aprirlo.5. Toccare REGISTER ANY NETGEAR DEVICE (REGISTRA QUALSIASIDISPOSITIVO NETGEAR).6. Immettere il numero di serie riportato sulla parte inferiore dello switchoppure utilizzare la fotocamera del proprio dispositivo mobile o tablet peracquisire il codice a barre del numero di serie.7. Quindi toccare Go (Vai).8. Per aggiungere lo switch alla rete, toccare View Device (Visualizzadispositivo).A questo punto, lo switch risulta registrato e aggiunto all'account. È orapossibile visualizzare lo switch nell'app NETGEAR Insight.Nota: poiché si tratta di uno switch unmanaged, non è possibile configurarlo ogestirlo in NETGEAR Insight.2. Collegamento dello switchNel diagramma delle connessioni di esempio, l'intera rete viene distribuita inambienti interni.Se si desidera collegare un dispositivo esterno allo switch, collegare lo switcha un dispositivo di protezione da sovratensione Ethernet che supporta lestesse velocità dello switch, quindi collegare il dispositivo di protezione dasovratensione al dispositivo esterno.Non utilizzare lo switch in ambienti esterni. Prima di collegare questo interruttorea cavi o dispositivi esterni, consultare https:///000057103 perinformazioni sulla sicurezza e sulla garanzia.3. Accensione dello switch• Nel caso si utilizzi uno switch modello GS308v3, spostare l'interruttore Off/On (Spento/Acceso) sulla posizione On (Acceso).•Collegare l'adattatore di alimentazione allo switch e a una presa di corrente.Access PointRouterGS305v3Collegamenti di esempioNETGEAR, Inc.piazza della Repubblica 32 20124 Milano NETGEAR INTL LTDFloor 1, Building 3, University Technology Centre Curraheen Road, Cork,T12EF21, Irlanda© NETGEAR, Inc. NETGEAR e il logo NETGEAR sono marchi di NETGEAR, Inc. Qualsiasi marchio non‑NETGEAR è utilizzato solo come riferimento.Supporto e CommunityVisita /support per trovare le risposte alle tue domande e accedere agli ultimi download.Puoi cercare anche utili consigli nella nostra Community NETGEAR, visitando la pagina .Conformità normativa e note legaliPer la conformità alle normative vigenti, compresa la Dichiarazione di conformità UE, visitare il sito Web https:///about/regulatory/.Prima di collegare l'alimentazione, consultare il documento relativo alla conformità normativa.I LED indicano lo stato.LED DescrizionePower (Alimentazione)• Acceso. Lo switch è collegato all'alimentazione.• Spento. Lo switch non è collegato all'alimentazione.Porta• Verde senza intermittenza. Lo switch ha rilevato uncollegamento con un dispositivo acceso su questa porta.• Lampeggia in verde. La porta invia o riceve traffico.• Spento. Lo switch non rileva nessun collegamento suquesta porta.Aprile 2020。
Unitronics UniStream HMI 面板安装指南说明书
UniStream™ HMI Panel Installation GuideUSP-070-B10, USP-070-B08USP-104-B10, USP-156-B10 Unitronics’ UniStream™ platform comprises control devices that provide robust, flexible solutions for industrial automation.This guide provides basic installation information for the UniStream™ HMI Panel. Technical specifications may be downloaded from the Unitronics website.The UniStream™ platformcomprises CPU controllers, HMIpanels, and local I/O modulesthat snap together to form anall-in-one Programmable LogicController (PLC).Expand the I/O configurationusing a Local Expansion Kit orremotely via CANbus.CPU-for-Panel CPUs are Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), the heart of theUniStream™ platform.The CPU-for-Panel cannot operate independently. It must be pluggedinto the back of a UniStream™ HMI panel. The panel provides the CPU’spower source. The CPU-for-Panel comprises:▪IO/COM Bus connector for interfacing Uni-I/O™ & Uni-COM™ modules▪Isolated RS485 and CANbus ports▪Backup batteryHMI Panels Available indifferent dimensions A high-resolution touch screen provides the operator interface for the system and the physical foundation for a PLC+HMI+I/Os all-in-one controller.The DIN-rail structure on the panel’s back is designed to physically support a CPU-for-Panel controller, Uni-I/O™ and/or Uni-COM™modules.Each panel comprises:▪AUX connector to support the CPU▪1 audio-out 3.5mm jack▪1 microSD slot▪2 type A, USB host ports and 1 Mini-B USB device port▪2 Ethernet ports, RJ45, 10/100 Mbps▪1 power input connector, 12/24 VDCI/O Options Integrate I/Os into your system by using:▪On-board I/Os: snap onto the panel for an all-in-one configuration▪Local I/O via a Local Expansion Kit▪Remote I/O via EX-RC1Programming Software All-in-one UniLogic™ software, for hardware configuration, communications, and HMI/PLC applications, available as a freeHMI Panel Installation GuideBefore You BeginAlert Symbols and General RestrictionsWhen any of the following symbols appear, read the associated information carefully. Symbol Meaning DescriptionDanger The identified danger causes physical and property damage.Warning The identified danger could cause physical and property damage. Caution Caution Use caution.▪All examples and diagrams are intended to aid understanding, and do not guarantee operation. Unitronics accepts no responsibility for actual use of this product based on these examples.▪Please dispose of this product according to local and national standards and regulations. ▪This product should be installed only by qualified personnel.▪Failure to comply with appropriate safety guidelines can cause severe injury orproperty damage.▪Do not attempt to use this device with parameters that exceed permissible levels.▪Do not connect/disconnect the device when power is on.Environmental Considerations▪Ventilation: 10mm (0.4”) of space is required between the device top/bottom edges and the enclosure’s walls.▪Do not install in areas with: excessive or conductive dust, corrosive or flammablegas, moisture or rain, excessive heat, regular impact shocks or excessive vibration, in accordance with the standards and limitations given in the product’s technicalspecification sheet.▪Do not place in water or let water leak onto the unit.▪Do not allow debris to fall inside the unit during installation.▪Install at maximum distance from high-voltage cables and power equipment. Caution▪The UniStream™ HMI Panel is designed to comply with NEMA 4X, IP66 and IP65.Note however that the Audio Protection Seal must remain plugged in for NEMA4X and IP66, in which case the audio sound level from the internal speaker issignificantly reduced.UniStream™Kit Contents▪ 1 HMI Panel: 7”, 10.4” or 15.6”7” panel, includes 4 mounting brackets10.4” panel, includes 8 mountingbrackets and 2 panel supports15.6” panel, includes 10 mounting brackets and 2 panel supports▪ 1 panel mounting seal ▪ 1 programming cable ▪ 1 power terminal blockHMI Panel DiagramHMI Panel Front and Rear ViewCaution ▪ Keep the seal in place when the embedded speaker is not used. The seal mustHMI Panel Installation GuideInstallation Space ConsiderationsAllocate space for:▪The HMI Panel including the CPU and any modules that will be installed on it ▪Opening the doors of the CPU and modulesFor exact dimensions, please refer to the Mechanical Dimensions shown below. HMI Panel Mechanical Dimensions7” PanelUniStream™10.4” Panel15.6” PanelHMI Panel Installation GuidePanel MountingN OTE▪Mounting panel thickness must be less or equal to 5mm (0.2”).▪Ensure that the space considerations are met.1. Prepare a panel cut-out according to the dimensions of your model, USP-070-B10,USP-104-B10, or USP-156-B10 as shown in the previous section.2. Slide the panel into the cut-out,ensuring that the Panel Mounting Seal isin place as shown on the right.3. Push the mounting brackets into theirslots on the sides of the panel as shownbelow.4. Tighten the bracket screws against thepanel. Hold the brackets securelyagainst the unit while tightening thescrews.When properly mounted, the panel issquarely situated in the panel cut-out asshown below.USP-070-B10: 4 mounting brackets USP-104-B10: 8 mounting bracketsUSP-156-B10: 10 mounting bracketsUniStream™Wiring▪This equipment is designed to operate only at SELV/PELV/Class 2/Limited Powerenvironments.▪All power supplies in the system must include double insulation. Power supplyoutputs must be rated as SELV/PELV/Class 2/Limited Power.▪Do not connect either the ‘Neutral’or ‘Line’ signal of the 110/220VAC to device’s 0V point.▪Do not touch live wires.▪All wiring activities should be performed while power is OFF.▪Use over-current protection, such as a fuse or circuit breaker, to avoid excessivecurrents into the HMI Panel supply port.▪Unused points should not be connected (unless otherwise specified). Ignoring thisdirective may damage the device.▪Double-check all wiring before turning on the power supply.Caution ▪To avoid damaging the wire, use a maximum torque of 0.5 N·m (5 kgf·cm).▪Do not use tin, solder, or any substance on stripped wire that might cause thewire strand to break.▪Install at maximum distance from high-voltage cables and power equipment.Wiring ProcedureUse crimp terminals for wiring; use 26-12 AWG wire (0.13 mm2–3.31 mm2).1. Strip the wire to a length of 7±0.5mm (0.250–0.300 inches).2. Unscrew the terminal to its widest position before inserting a wire.3. Insert the wire completely into the terminal to ensure a proper connection.4. Tighten enough to keep the wire from pulling free.Wiring GuidelinesIn order to ensure that the device will operate properly and to avoid electromagnetic interference:▪Use a metal cabinet. Make sure the cabinet and its doors are properly earthed.▪Use wires that are properly sized for the load.▪Individually connect each 0V point in the system to the power supply 0V terminal.▪Individually connect each functional ground point () to the earth of the system (preferably to the metal cabinet chassis).Use the shortest and thickest wires possible: less than 1m (3.3’) in length, minimum thickness 14 AWG (2 mm2).▪Connect the power supply 0V to the earth of the system.N OTE For detailed information, refer to the document System Wiring Guidelines, located in the Technical Library in the Unitronics’ website.HMI Panel Installation GuideWiring the Power SupplyThe UniStream™ HMI Panel device requires an external 12/24VDC power supply.▪In the event of voltage fluctuations or non-conformity to voltage power supplyspecifications, connect the device to a regulated power supply.Connect the +V and 0V terminals as shownin the accompanying figure.HMI Panel Interface ConnectionsUse the following:Ethernet CAT-5e shielded cable with RJ45 connectorUSB Device Use the proprietary programming cable supplied with the deviceUSB Host Standard USB cable with Type-A plugmicroSD Standard microSDAudio Out 3.5mm stereo audio plug with shielded audio cableInstalling CPU-for-Panel, Uni-I/O™ & Uni-COM™ ModulesRefer to the Installation Guides provided with these modules.▪Turn off system power before connecting or disconnecting any modules or devices.▪Use proper precautions to prevent Electro-Static Discharge (ESD).Removing the Panel1. Disconnect the power supply.2. Remove all wiring and disconnect any installed devices according to the device’sinstallation guide.3. Unscrew and remove the mounting brackets, taking care to support the panel toprevent it from falling during this procedure.。
REX温控器-REX-C700
RKC温控器- REX-C700RKC温控器- REX-C700 - 详细信息RKC温控器使用警告·接线警告：- 如果仪器失效或发生错误，可引起系统故障，安装外部保护电路以防止类事故；- 为防止仪器损坏或失效，选用适当的保险丝保护电源线及输入/输出线以防强电源冲击。
·电源供给：- 为防止仪器损坏或失效，用额定电夺供电；- 为防止仪器损坏或失效，所有接线工作完成后方可供电。
·禁止在易燃气体附近使用：- 为防火、防爆或仪器损坏，禁止在有易燃、易爆气体，排方蒸气的场所中使用。
·严禁触及仪器内部：-- 为防止触电或燃烧，严禁触及仪器内部。
只有本厂服务工程师可以检查内部线路或更换部件，仪器内部有高电压、高温部件，非常危险！·严禁改动仪器：- 为防止事故或仪器失效，不禁改动仪器。
·保养：- 为防止触电，仪器报废或失效，只有本厂服务工程师可以更换部件；- 为保证仪器持续且安全使用，应定期保养，仪器内某些部件可能随使用时间的延长而损坏。
RKC温控器操作注意·断电后方可清洁仪器；·清除显示器上的污渍请用软布或棉纸；·显示器易被划伤，禁止使用硬物体操作面板按键，否则会损坏或划伤按键。
RKC温控器概述CH、CD系列智能温度控制器是采用专用微处理的多功能调节仪表，它采用开关电源和表面贴装技术(SMT)，因而仪表精致小巧，性能可靠。
特有的自诊断功能，自整定功能和智能控制功能，使操作者可能通过简单的操作而获得良好的效果。
主要特点：热电偶、热电阻、模拟量等多种信号自由输入，量程自由设置；软件调零满度，冷端单独测温，放大器自稳零，显示精度优于0.5%FS；模糊理论结合传统PID方法，控制快速平稳，先进的整定方案；输出可选：断电器触点、逻辑电平、可控硅单相或三相过零或移相触发肪冲或移发脉冲、模拟量。
另附二路可定义的报警点输出。
RKC温控器主要技术指标·输入：各种热电偶（TC）、热电阻（RTD）标准电流电压信号（见输入类型表）；·基本误差：输入满量程的±0.5%±1个字；·分辨率：1℃、0.1℃；·采样周期：3次/sec·报警功能：上限，下限，上偏差，下偏差，区间内，区间外；·报警输出：继电器触点AC250V 3A（阻性）；·控制输出：继电器触点AC250V 3A（阻性），逻辑电平:DC 0/12V(配固态继电器SSR)，过零触发脉冲:光偶可控硅输出1A600V 0-10mA电流输出（负荷阻值600Ω以下），0-20mA电流输出（负荷阻值600Ω以下），4-20mA电流输（负荷阻值600Ω以下）；·控制方式：模糊PID控制、位式控制；·电源电压：AC85-264V（50/60Hz）（额定100-240V AC）21.6-26.4V AC（额定24V AC）21.6-26.4V DC（额定24V DC）；·工作环境：温度0-50℃，温度<85%RH的无腐蚀场合。
泰勒公司C712 C713型冰淇淋冷冻机缩写服务手册说明书
C712/C713 型
冰淇淋冷冻机 缩写服务手册
服务手册
062179CS
2005ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ5月20日
java所有运行时异常以及错误
算术异常类：Arithm eticE xecpt ion空指针异常类：NullPo inter Excep tion类型强制转换异常：ClassC astEx cepti on数组负下标异常：Negati veArr ayExc eptio n数组下标越界异常：ArrayI ndexO utOfB ounds Excep tion违背安全原则异常：Sectur ityEx cepti on文件已结束异常：EOFExc eptio n文件未找到异常：FileNo tFoun dExce ption字符串转换为数字异常：Number Forma tExce ption操作数据库异常：SQLExc eptio n输入输出异常：IOExce ption方法未找到异常：NoSuch Metho dExce ptionng.Abstra ctMet hodEr ror抽象方法错误。
当应用试图调用抽象方法时抛出。
ng.Assert ionEr ror断言错。
用来指示一个断言失败的情况。
ng.ClassC ircul arity Error类循环依赖错误。
在初始化一个类时，若检测到类之间循环依赖则抛出该异常。
ng.ClassF ormat Error类格式错误。
当Java虚拟机试图从一个文件中读取Jav a类，而检测到该文件的内容不符合类的有效格式时抛出。
ng.Error错误。
是所有错误的基类，用于标识严重的程序运行问题。
这些问题通常描述一些不应被应用程序捕获的反常情况。
ng.Except ionIn Initi alize rErro r初始化程序错误。
当执行一个类的静态初始化程序的过程中，发生了异常时抛出。
CBT3245A八位高速TTL兼容总线切换器数据手册说明书
CBT3245AOctal bus switchRev. 5 — 9 April 2020Product data sheet1. General descriptionThe CBT3245A provides eight bits of high-speed TTL-compatible bus switching. The low ON resistance of the switch allows connections to be made with minimal propagation delay.The CBT3245A is organized as one 8-bit bus switches with one output enable (OE) input. When OE is LOW, the switch is on and port A is connected to the B port. When OE is HIGH, each switch is disabled.2. Features and benefits• 5 Ω switch connection between two ports •TTL-compatible control input levels •Multiple package options•Latch-up protection exceeds 500 mA per JESD78•ESD protection:•HBM JESD22-A114F exceeds 2000 V •MM JESD22-A115B exceeds 150 V •CDM JESD22-C101C exceeds 1000 V •Specified from -40 °C to +85 °C3. Ordering information4. Functional diagram5. Pinning information5.1. PinningCBT3245An.c.V CC A1OE A2B1A3B2A4B3A5B4A6B5A7B6A8B7GND B8aaa-0018311234567891012111413161518172019Fig. 2.Pin configuration for SOT163-1 (SO20) and SOT360-1 (TSSOP20)aaa-001833CBT3245ATransparent top viewB7GND (1)A7A8B6A6B5A5B4A4B3A3B2A2B1A1OE G N D B 8n .c .V C C9128137146155164173182191011120terminal 1index area(1) This is not a ground pin. There is no electrical or mechanical requirement to solder the pad. In case soldered, the solder land should remain floating or connected to GND.Fig. 3.Pin configuration for SOT764-1 (DHVQFN20)5.2. Pin description6. Functional descriptionTable 3. Functional descriptionH = HIGH voltage level; L = LOW voltage level; Z = high-impedance OFF-state.7. Limiting valuesTable 4. Limiting valuesIn accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 60134).T = -40 °C to +85 °C, unless otherwise specified.[1]The input and output negative-voltage ratings may be exceeded if the input and output clamp-current ratings are observed. 8. Recommended operating conditionsTable 5. Recommended operating conditionsAll unused control inputs of the device must be held at V or GND to ensure proper device operation.9. Static characteristicsTable 6. Static characteristicsVoltages are referenced to GND (ground = 0 V).[1]All typical values are measured at V CC = 5 V and T amb = 25 °C.[2]This is the increase in supply current for each input that is at the specified TTL voltage level rather than V CC or GND.[3]Measured by the voltage drop between the An and the Bn terminals at the indicated current through the switch. ON resistance isdetermined by the lowest voltage of the two (An or Bn) terminals.10. Dynamic characteristicsTable 7. Dynamic characteristicsVoltages are referenced to GND (ground = 0 V). For test circuit see Fig. 6.[1]The propagation delay is the calculated RC time constant of the typical ON resistance of the switch and the specified load capacitance,when driven by an ideal voltage source (zero output impedance).[2]t pd is the same as t PLH and t PHL.[3]t en is the same as t PZL and t PZH.[4]t dis is the same as t PLZ and t PHZ.10.1. Waveforms and test circuit11. Package outlineSO20: plastic small outline package; 20 leads; body width 7.5 mm SOT163-1Fig. 7.Package outline SOT163-1 (SO20)TSSOP20: plastic thin shrink small outline package; 20 leads; body width 4.4 mm SOT360-1Fig. 8.Package outline SOT360-1 (TSSOP20)DHVQFN20: plastic dual in-line compatible thermal enhanced very thin quad flat package; no leads;Fig. 9.Package outline SOT764-1 (DHVQFN20)12. Abbreviations13. Revision history14. Legal informationData sheet status[1]Please consult the most recently issued document before initiating orcompleting a design.[2]The term 'short data sheet' is explained in section "Definitions".[3]The product status of device(s) described in this document may havechanged since this document was published and may differ in case ofmultiple devices. The latest product status information is available onthe internet at https://.DefinitionsDraft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in modifications or additions. Nexperia does not give any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Short data sheet — A short data sheet is an extract from a full data sheet with the same product type number(s) and title. A short data sheet is intended for quick reference only and should not be relied upon to contain detailed and full information. For detailed and full information see the relevant full data sheet, which is available on request via the local Nexperia sales office. In case of any inconsistency or conflict with the short data sheet, the full data sheet shall prevail.Product specification — The information and data provided in a Product data sheet shall define the specification of the product as agreed between Nexperia and its customer, unless Nexperia and customer have explicitly agreed otherwise in writing. In no event however, shall an agreement be valid in which the Nexperia product is deemed to offer functions and qualities beyond those described in the Product data sheet.DisclaimersLimited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believedto be accurate and reliable. However, Nexperia does not give any representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracyor completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the consequences of use of such information. Nexperia takes no responsibility for the content in this document if provided by an information source outside of Nexperia.In no event shall Nexperia be liable for any indirect, incidental, punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation - lost profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removalor replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of contract or any other legal theory.Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason whatsoever, Nexperia’s aggregate and cumulative liability towards customer for the products described herein shall be limited in accordance with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of Nexperia.Right to make changes — Nexperia reserves the right to make changesto information published in this document, including without limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior to the publication hereof.Suitability for use — Nexperia products are not designed, authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or malfunctionof an Nexperia product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental damage. Nexperia and its suppliers accept no liability for inclusion and/or use of Nexperia products in such equipment or applications and therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk.Quick reference data — The Quick reference data is an extract of the product data given in the Limiting values and Characteristics sections of this document, and as such is not complete, exhaustive or legally binding. Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these products are for illustrative purposes only. Nexperia makes no representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the specified use without further testing or modification.Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications and products using Nexperia products, and Nexperia accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine whether the Nexperia product is suitableand fit for the customer’s applications and products planned, as well asfor the planned application and use of customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should provide appropriate design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks associated with their applications and products. Nexperia does not accept any liability related to any default, damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary testing for the customer’s applications and products using Nexperia products in order to avoid a default of the applications and the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party customer(s). Nexperia does not accept any liability in this respect.Limiting values — Stress above one or more limiting values (as defined in the Absolute Maximum Ratings System of IEC 60134) will cause permanent damage to the device. Limiting values are stress ratings only and (proper) operation of the device at these or any other conditions above thosegiven in the Recommended operating conditions section (if present) or the Characteristics sections of this document is not warranted. Constant or repeated exposure to limiting values will permanently and irreversibly affect the quality and reliability of the device.Terms and conditions of commercial sale — Nexperia products aresold subject to the general terms and conditions of commercial sale, as published at /profile/terms, unless otherwise agreed in a valid written individual agreement. In case an individual agreement is concluded only the terms and conditions of the respective agreement shall apply. Nexperia hereby expressly objects to applying the customer’s general terms and conditions with regard to the purchase of Nexperia products by customer.No offer to sell or license — Nothing in this document may be interpreted or construed as an offer to sell products that is open for acceptance or the grant, conveyance or implication of any license under any copyrights, patents or other industrial or intellectual property rights.Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior authorization from competent authorities.Non-automotive qualified products — Unless this data sheet expressly states that this specific Nexperia product is automotive qualified, the product is not suitable for automotive use. It is neither qualified nor tested in accordance with automotive testing or application requirements. Nexperia accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of non-automotive qualified products in automotive equipment or applications.In the event that customer uses the product for design-in and use in automotive applications to automotive specifications and standards, customer (a) shall use the product without Nexperia’s warranty of the product for such automotive applications, use and specifications, and (b) whenever customer uses the product for automotive applications beyond Nexperia’s specifications such use shall be solely at customer’s own risk, and (c) customer fully indemnifies Nexperia for any liability, damages or failed product claims resulting from customer design and use of the product for automotive applications beyond Nexperia’s standard warranty and Nexperia’s product specifications.Translations — A non-English (translated) version of a document is for reference only. The English version shall prevail in case of any discrepancy between the translated and English versions.TrademarksNotice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and trademarks are the property of their respective owners.Nexperia CBT3245AOctal bus switch Contents1. General description (1)2. Features and benefits (1)3. Ordering information (1)4. Functional diagram (1)5. Pinning information (2)5.1. Pinning (2)5.2. Pin description (2)6. Functional description (2)7. Limiting values (3)8. Recommended operating conditions (3)9. Static characteristics (3)10. Dynamic characteristics (4)10.1. Waveforms and test circuit (4)11. Package outline (6)12. Abbreviations (9)13. Revision history (9)14. Legal information (10)© Nexperia B.V. 2020. All rights reservedFor more information, please visit: Forsalesofficeaddresses,pleasesendanemailto:***************************Date of release: 9 April 2020CBT3245A All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.© Nexperia B.V. 2020. All rights reserved Product data sheet Rev. 5 — 9 April 202011 / 11。
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Relion
—快速入门指南Relion® REX610586712394101显示屏可在主菜单和测量之间选择默认视图2自我监控和保护用LED指示灯Ready-LED稳定：好，Ready-LED闪烁：内部继电器故障（IRF），启动-LED稳定：保护功能启动，启动-LED闪烁： 保护功能受阻，跳闸-LED：保护功能运行3程控LED指示灯可以对报警和指示进行编程，作为信号锁定。
闪烁/稳定功能4控制断路器点击打开/关闭，并点击回车键确认。
注：控制系统必须处于本地模式。
5退出/取消用于取消动作，离开设置模式而不保存数值。
返回菜单。
6导航左 = 返回；右 = 下一步；上 = 向上滚动；下 = 向下滚动。
7进入/选定进入参数设置模式并确认新值8清除清除事件和指示，详情见下页9功能按钮可以被配置为控制按钮10功能键LED显示2 快速入门指南Relion® REX610—使用本地人机界面访问主菜单和本地授权需要登录和授权，以使用LHMI。
密码授权在默认情况下是启用的，建议保持启用。
可以通过LHMI禁用它。
请将本地覆盖参数设置为“True”，以禁用密码授权。
请选择主菜单/配置/授权/密码，以启用密码授权。
将本地覆盖参数设置为“False”。
点击，激活登录程序。
点击或，逐字符输入用户名。
点击，确认选择。
根据提示逐字符输入密码。
点击和，激活要输入的数字。
点击和，输入字符。
点击，确认登录。
点击，取消该程序。
更换参数点击并选择你想改变的设置值，然后点击，点击键或键进行更改。
如果在参数值的同一行有“#”标记，你必须首先选择你想改变的设置组参数。
如果没有“#”标记，你可以点击，直接改变数值，然后用或以及或键选择数值。
点击确认选择。
对参数进行修改后，必须将其储存起来才能使用。
储存设置点击键回到主菜单来储存设置。
当IED要求确认提交更改时，回答“是”。
对于一些更改而言，需要IED在更改被投入使用之前重新启动。
通过进入菜单→配置→常规→软件重置或关闭辅助电源并重新开启，重新启动IED。
Analog I O Board说明书
Analog I/O BoardThe Analog I/O Board is an accessory board that allows the implementation of an analog interface to Elexol’s existing I/O 24 Range. The Elexol I/O 24 Range consists of Ether I/O 24 R, Ether I/O 24 DIP R, USB I/O 24 R and the USB I/O 24 DIP R.Diagram 1The board consists of an 8 channel 10 bit Analog to Digital Converter (MCP3008) and a 12 bit Digital to Analog Converter with 2 buffered outputs (MCP4922). Communication to the A/D and D/A Converters is via the SPI interface of the I/O 24 module which is implemented in the firmware. For further information on implementing the SPI interface please refer to the user manual for the I/O 24 module.The 8 channels of the A/D, 2 channels outputs of the D/A, and all the VREF voltages are connected to screw terminals for easy access. These screw terminals will accept cables 0.5 – 2mm1. The connection between the I/O24 module and the Analog I/O board is via a 30 cm IDC connection cable. This cable is provided with the board.The board has been designed to a 72mm standard width so that it can easily be mounted in DIN rail mounting modules.BOARD FEATURES• 1 x 8 Channel 10 bit Analog to Digital Converter (MCP3008)• 1 x 12 bit Digital to Analog Converter with 2 Buffered Outputs• Screw Terminal Blocks for Analog Inputs and Outputs• Easy connection by 10-way box header to suit standard IDC connector for connection to the I/O port.• 72mm Standard width for DIN Rail ModulesBOARD LAYOUT AND PHYSICAL DIMENSIONSDimensions - 3.1 X 2.8 X 1 inches (78.9 X 72 X 25.4mm)BOARD CONNECTIONS10 pin Box Header Pin outShown in the diagram below is the I/O port Connector for each of the Ports on the module.Listed in Table 1 below are the connections for the 10 Pin Box Header10 Pin Box Header Pin out TablePIN#SIGNAL TYPE DESCRIPTION1 +5V USB PWR +3.3V to +5V drawn from I/O module powers (Supplies powerto the Analog I/O Board)2 N/C I Not Connected (N/C)3 CS D/A I CS is the chip select input for D/A, which requires an active-low signal to enable serial clock and data functions.4 SHD D/A I SHDN is the hardware shutdown input for D/A, that requiresan active-low input signal to configure the D/A’s in their low-power Standby mode.5 LDACD/A I LDAC (the latch DAC syncronization input) transfers the inputlatch registers to the DAC registers (output latches) when low.Can also be tied low if transfer on the rising edge of CS isdesired.6 CS A/D I The CS/SHDN input pin for the A/D is used to initiatecommunication with the device when pulled low. When pulledhigh, it will end a conversion and put the device in low powerstandby. The CS/SHDN pin must be pulled high betweenconversions.7 SDO O Serial Data Out8 SDI I Serial Data In9 CLK I Serial Clock Input10 GND PWR Ground signal from I/O moduleTABLE 1SCREW TERMINAL CONNECTIONSSIGNAL TYPE DESCRIPTION+5V PWR +3.3V to +5V drawn from I/O module powers (Supplies powerto the Analog I/O Board)CH 7 I Analog Input for Channel 7CH 6 I Analog Input for Channel 6CH 5 I Analog Input for Channel 5CH 4 I Analog Input for Channel 4CH 3 I Analog Input for Channel 3CH 2 I Analog Input for Channel 2CH 1 I Analog Input for Channel 1CH 0 I Analog Input for Channel 0GND PWR Ground signal from I/O moduleVOB O DAC Channel B Output VoltageGND PWR Ground signal from I/O moduleVOA O DAC Channel A Output VoltageD/AVREFAI DAC Channel A Reference Voltage Input (AVSS to VDD)D/AVREFBI DAC Channel B Reference Voltage Input (AVSS to VDD)A/DVREFI ADC Reference Voltage Input (AVSS to VDD)GND PWR Ground signal from I/O moduleJUMPER CONNECTIONS (VREF DEFAULT RANGE JUMPERS)There are 3 jumpers located on the Analog I/O Board designated LK1 to LK3. These jumpers are placed so that the Analog Input/output range (VREF) of the Channel can be set to read or output the full voltage range of the device.The table below outlines whichJUMPER DESCRIPTIONLK1 A/D VREF connection to 5VLK2 D/A VREFB connection to 5VLK3 D/A VREFA connection to 5VIf you are wishing to convert analog inputs/outputs at another voltage please check with the electrical characteristics of the device.Note: For the A/D and D/A when VREF is reduced the LSB size is reduced accordingly. COMMUNICATIONCommunication to the module is via SPI from the port of I/O 24. Outlined below are some standard commands that can be sent to the Analog I/O board.USB I/O 24 Commands (This example is implemented on PORT A of the USB I/O 24.) Control Byte Register for A/D channels// Control Byte A/D // SGL/DIFF D2 D1 D0 X X X X// Control Byte CH0 = 0x80 // 1 0 0 0 X X X X// Control Byte CH1 = 0x90// Control Byte CH2 = 0xA0// Control Byte CH3 = 0xB0 // 1 0 1 1 x x x x// Control Byte CH4 = 0xC0// Control Byte CH5 = 0xD0// Control Byte CH6 = 0xE0// Control Byte CH7 = 0xF0Perform a Read on the Analog channel (CH0)//Initialize Port directionsWriteDirection('A', 0x04); //set Port A to initialise A/D Board !A 0x04 //Initialise Port Values for A/D Board// Set up SPI pins, CSWriteValue('A', 0x79); //Enable the CS_n for A/D and D/A to idle state (0111 1000)//Perform Read on CH 0 A/DWriteValue('A', 0x71); //Lower CS for U1WriteValue('S', 0x01); //Send the Start Byte for U1 (0x01)WriteValue('S', 0x80); //Send the Configure Byte to Read CH 0 on A/D WriteValue('S', 0x00); //Send Null byte to read A/D value LSBWriteValue('A', 0x79); //Idle CS for U1 and U2temp = ReadValue_SPI(6); // Read the null bytes returned by SPIportA = temp[3];portA = portA & (byte)0x07; // ADC[11]-ADC[8]portA = portA * 256 + temp[5]; // ADC[7]-ADC[0]VoltageADC = (double)portA * 0.00488; // Conversion to Voltage from ADC // with VRef set to 5VTestTextBox.AppendText("The voltage read from PD 1 is : " + VoltageADC + " V" + "\r\n");unsafe private byte[] ReadValue_SPI(UInt32 rxCount){UInt32 dwRet = 0;FT_STATUS ftStatus = FT_STATUS.FT_OTHER_ERROR;byte[] cBuf = new byte[rxCount];dwRet = 0;long timeout;timeout = 0;do{ftStatus = FT_GetQueueStatus(m_hPort, ref dwRet);timeout++;} while ((dwRet < rxCount) && (timeout < 100000));if (timeout == 100000){MessageBox.Show("Timeout while reading " +Convert.ToString(ftStatus));return (cBuf);}fixed (byte* pBuf = cBuf){ftStatus = FT_Read(m_hPort, pBuf, rxCount, ref dwRet);}if (ftStatus != FT_STATUS.FT_OK){MessageBox.Show("Failed To Read " + Convert.ToString(ftStatus));}return (cBuf);}unsafe private void WriteValue(char port, byte value){UInt32 dwRet = 0;FT_STATUS ftStatus = FT_STATUS.FT_OTHER_ERROR;byte[] cBuf = new byte[5];cBuf[0] = (byte)port;cBuf[1] = value;fixed (byte* pBuf = cBuf){ftStatus = FT_Write(m_hPort, pBuf, 2, ref dwRet);}}unsafe private void WriteDirection(char port, byte value){UInt32 dwRet = 0;FT_STATUS ftStatus = FT_STATUS.FT_OTHER_ERROR;byte[] cBuf = new byte[5];cBuf[0] = (byte)'!';cBuf[1] = (byte)port;cBuf[2] = value;fixed (byte* pBuf = cBuf){ftStatus = FT_Write(m_hPort, pBuf, 3, ref dwRet);}}Write voltage level on D/A channel (VOUTA and VOUTB)// Idle state = 0x78// Lower CS for D/A = 0x70// Write Command Register MSB // A/B BUF GA SHDN D11 D10 D9 D8 // Write Command Register LSB // D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0//Initialize Port directionsWriteDirection('A', 0x04); //set Port A to initialise A/D Board// Set up SPI pins, CSWriteValue('A', 0x78); //Enable the CS_n for A/D and D/A to idle state//This will output 2.5V on both D/A channels VOUTA and VOUTB//Write 2.5V VOUTBWriteValue('A', 0x38); //Lower CS for D/A and set LDAC to highWriteValue('S', 0xF7); //Send the MSB of Write Command Register for D/A WriteValue('S', 0xFF); //Send the LSB of Write Command Register for D/A temp = ReadValue_SPI(4); // Read the null bytes returned by SPIWriteValue('A', 0x78); //Idle CS D/A and A/DWriteValue('A', 0x68); //Lower LDAC pinWriteValue('A', 0x78); //Idle CS D/A and A/D raise LDAC to high//Write 2.5V VOUTAWriteValue('A', 0x38); //Lower CS for D/A and set LDAC to highWriteValue('S', 0x77); //Send the MSB of Write Command Register for D/A WriteValue('S', 0xFF); //Send the LSB of Write Command Register for D/A temp = ReadValue_SPI(4); // Read the null bytes returned by SPIWriteValue('A', 0x78); //Idle CS D/A and A/DWriteValue('A', 0x68); //Lower LDAC pinWriteValue('A', 0x78); //Idle CS D/A and A/D raise LDAC to highEther I/O 24 CommandsPerform a Read on the Analog channel (CH0) on Ether with IP address 10.10.10.10 .IPEndPoint RemoteIpEndPoint = new.IPEndPoint(.IPAddress.Any, 0);byte[] receiveBytes;string returnData;double VoltageADC;//Lower CS pin for A/Ddata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x71; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);//Perform Read on A/D CH 0 will receive UDP packet back from SPI//containing data from conversion. This will need to be dealt with in //data received threaddata[0] = Convert.ToByte('S'); //"S"data[1] = Convert.ToByte('A'); //"A"data[2] = 0x03; //number of bytes to be sent out via SPI commanddata[3] = 0x01; //first byte //start bytedata[4] = 0x80; //second byte //command bytedata[5] = 0x00; //third byte //null byte//udpClient.Send(data, 6, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 6, "10.10.10.10", 2424);//Raise CS to idle statedata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x79; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);receiveBytes = udpClient.Receive(ref RemoteIpEndPoint);returnData = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetString(receiveBytes); ReturnUDPData(receiveBytes, RemoteIpEndPoint);public void ReturnUDPData(byte[] UDPData, IPEndPoint RemoteIP){string MacString;string VersionNumber;string UDPDataString;double VoltageADC;if ((UDPData.Length == 6))//SPI packets that we are recieving back are this long{//need to check for S first, then A, number of bytes, ignore twobytes and then data byte to readif (UDPData[0] == 0x53)//we are dealing with an SPI packet coming back{value = 0;value = UDPData[4];value = value & (byte)0x07; // ADC[11]-ADC[8]value = (value * 256) + UDPData[5]; // ADC[7]-ADC[0]VoltageADC = (double)value * 0.00488;// Conversion to Voltage from ADC // with VRef set to 5VTextBox.AppendText("The voltage read from PD 1 is : " + VoltageADC + " V" + "\r\n");}}Write voltage level on D/A channel (VOUTA and VOUTB)//Lower CS pin for D/Adata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x38; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 6, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);// VOUTB set to 2.5Vdata[0] = Convert.ToByte('S'); //"S"data[1] = Convert.ToByte('A'); //"A"data[2] = 0x02; //number of bytes to be sent out via SPI commanddata[3] = 0xF7; //first byte //Write command register MSBdata[4] = 0xFF; //second byte //Write command register LSB//udpClient.Send(data, 6, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 5, "10.10.10.10", 2424);//Raise CS to idle statedata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x78; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);//Lower LDAC to output valuesdata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x68; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);data[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x78; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);//Lower CS pin for D/Adata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x38; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);// VOUTA set to 2.5Vdata[0] = Convert.ToByte('S'); //"S"data[1] = Convert.ToByte('A'); //"A"data[2] = 0x02; //number of bytes to be sent out via SPI command data[3] = 0x77; //first byte //Write command register MSBdata[4] = 0xFF; //second byte //Write command register LSB//udpClient.Send(data, 5, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 5, "10.10.10.10", 2424);//Raise CS to idle statedata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x78; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);//Lower LDAC to output valuesdata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x68; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);//Raise CS to idle statedata[0] = Convert.ToByte('A');//"A"data[1] = 0x78; //"0x98"//udpClient.Send(data, 2, EtherIP);udpClient.Send(data, 2, "10.10.10.10", 2424);Control Byte Register MCP3008 A/D for Communications// Control Byte A/D // SGL/DIFF D2 D1 D0 X X X X // Control Byte CH0 = 0x80 // 1 0 0 0 X X X X // Control Byte CH1 = 0x90 // Control Byte CH2 = 0xA0// Control Byte CH3 = 0xB0 // 1 0 1 1 x x x x // Control Byte CH4 = 0xC0 // Control Byte CH5 = 0xD0 // Control Byte CH6 = 0xE0 // Control Byte CH7 = 0xF0Configure Bits for the MCP3008 A/D for CommunicationsControl Bit Selections Single /Diff D2 D1 D0InputConfigurationChannelSelection 1 0 0 0 Single-ended CH0 1 0 0 1 Single-ended CH1 1 0 1 0 Single-ended CH2 1 0 1 1 Single-ended CH3 1 1 0 0 Single-ended CH4 1 1 0 1 Single-ended CH5 1 1 1 0 Single-ended CH6 1 1 1 1 Single-ended CH70 0 0 0 DifferentialCH0 = IN+CH1 = IN- 0 0 0 1 DifferentialCH0 = IN-CH1 = IN+ 0 0 1 0 DifferentialCH2 = IN+CH3 = IN- 0 0 1 1 DifferentialCH2 = IN+CH3 = IN- 0 1 0 0 DifferentialCH4 = IN+CH5 = IN- 0 1 0 1 DifferentialCH4 = IN+CH5 = IN- 0 1 1 0 DifferentialCH6 = IN+CH7 = IN- 0 1 1 1 DifferentialCH6 = IN+CH7 = IN-Write Command Register for the MCP4922 D/A for Communications// Idle state = 0x78// Lower CS for D/A = 0x70// Write Command Register MSB // A/B BUF GA SHDN D11 D10 D9 D8 // Write Command Register LSB // D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Write Command Register MSBWrite Command RegisterW-x W-x W-x W-x W-x W-x W-x W-x A/B BUF GA SHDN D11D10D9 D8 Bit 15 Bit 8Write Command Register LSBWrite Command RegisterW-x W-x W-x W-x W-x W-x W-x W-x D7 D6 D5 D4D3D2D1 D0 Bit 7 Bit 0bit 15 A/B: DACA or DACB Select bit1 = Write to DACB0 = Write to DACAbit 14 BUF: VREF Input Buffer Control bit1 = Buffered0 = Unbufferedbit 13 GA: Output Gain Select bit1 = 1x (VOUT = VREF * D/4096)0 = 2x (VOUT = 2 * VREF * D/4096)bit 12 SHDN: Output Power Down Control bit1 = Output Power Down Control bit0 = Output buffer disabled, Output is high impedancebit 11-0 D11:D0: DAC Data bits12 bit number “D” which sets the output value. Contains a value between 0 and 4095.APPLICATIONSListed below are just a few applications the Relay board could be used for:•Voltage level sensing•Wave Form Generation•Home AutomationAbsolute Maximum RatingsMCP3008 VDD.............................................................................................................................7.0V All inputs and outputs w.r.t. VSS ..................................................... -0.6V to VDD +0.6V Storage temperature .................................................................................-65°C to +150°C Ambient temp. with power applied ......................................................... -65°C to +125°C Soldering temperature of leads (10 seconds) ……………………………………. +300°C ESD protection on all pins........................................................................................> 4 kVMCP4922 VDD.............................................................................................................................. 6.5V All inputs and outputs w.r.t ..................................................... AVSS –0.3V to VDD+0.3V Current at Input Pins ................................................................................................ ±2 mA Current at Supply Pins ............................................................................................ ±50 mA Current at Output Pins ............................................................................................ ±25 mA Storage temperature .................................................................................. -65°C to +150°C Ambient temp. with power applied .......................................................... -55°C to +125°C ESD protection on all pins .................................................. ≥ 4 kV (HBM), ≥ 400V (MM) Maximum Junction Temperature (TJ) . ................................................................... +150°CFurther ReadingInformation about the Analogue to Digital and Digital to Analogue Converters can be found on the Microchip product datasheets for the devices. These can be downloaded from the Microchip website at Document Revision History•Analog I/O Board Datasheet V1.0– Initial document created。
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2018/05/06
POWER YOUR POINT
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SUPPORTER S SAY
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IncrEx：一种可增量扩展的视景仿真框架
第３ 卷 第 ２ 期 ３ ３
ＶＬ ３ ｏ３
・
计
算
机
工
程
２０ 年 １ 月 ０７ ２
Ｄｅ ｅ ｂ ｒ２ Ｏ ｃ ｍ ｅ Ｏ ７
Ｎｏ２３ ．
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Ｃｏ ｐ ｔ ｒＥｎ ｉ ｅ ｒｎ ｍ ｕ ｅ ｇｎ ｅ ｉｇ
软件技术与赘 攉库 ・ 【｝
ｉ ｒ ｔ ｄ ｐ ｏ ｅ ｓｂ ｓ ｄ ｏ ｏ ｅｒ ｕｓ ． ｔ ａｅ ｒ ｃ ｓ ａ ｅ ｎ ｃ ｄ ｅ ｅ ｅ
［ ｅ ｏ ｄ ］ｅ ｔ ｓ ｉｔ ｆ ｍ ｗ ｒ ； ｉ ａ ｓ ｕ ｔ ｎ Ｋ ｙｗ ｒ ｓ ｘ ｎｉ ｌ ； ａ ｅ ｏ ｖ ｕ ｌｉ ｌ ｉ ｅ ｂｉ ｒ ｙ ｋ ｓ ｍ ａｏ
三维视景仿真技术是计算机仿真技术的重要分支，被广 泛应用到飞行模拟 、作战训练、 目标模拟等多个领 域中［ ３ Ｉｔ － ｏ
个 Ａｉ ，其中包含所有 目标仿真对象 需要具有 的领域行为 ｍ类
目前 ， 景仿真软件 的开发大多直接在 Ｏ ｅＧ 、Ｖ ｇ 等通 视 ｐｎ Ｌ ｅａ 用图形平台上开发０ 。然而 ，视景仿真除 了需要考虑对三维
捕 要： 视景仿真是实现 目标模拟等的关键技术 ， 通常在 Ｏ ｅＧ 、Ｖｇ 等平台上直接开 发。由于这些平台不提供对仿真领域 的抽象建模 ， ｐｎ Ｌ ｅａ
因此这种开 发模式难 以适应仿真需求的变化 。 该文提 出 了 一种新的视景仿真框架。 该框架通过仿真对象 抽象层 ， 图形操作进行领域封装。 对
ｒ ｗｏｋ ｌｃＥ ，ｓ ｅｉ ｅ ． ｙｉｓｒｎ ｌｔ ｂｅｔａｅ， Ｄ ｅ ａｉｒ ｕｄ ｅｅｃｐ ｕａ ｄｉ ｂｔ ｒｐ ｉｓ ｄｓ ａｏ ｒ ｔ ｆ ｍｅ ｒ，ｎｒ ｘ ｉｄ ｓ ｎ ｄ Ｂ ｎｅｔ ｇａｓｍｕａｉｎｏｊｃ ｙ ｒ３ ｂ ｈｖｏｓ ｏ ｌ ｂ ｎａ ｓｌ ｅ ｏｈｇａｈｃ ｎ ｉ ｌｔ ｎｏｉｎｅ ａ ｇ ｉ ｉ ｏ ｌ ｃ ｔ ｎ ａ ｍｕ ｉ ｅ ｄ ｍａ ｎｒ Ｉ ｄ ｉｏ ，ｈ ｓ ｅ ａｉｒ ｃ ｕｄｂ ｈｒｄ ａ ｎ ｉ ｅｅｔｓ ｌｉｎｏｊｃｓＳ ｈｔｓ ｌｔ ｎｏｊｃｓｃ ｕｄｂ ｍｐｅ ｎｅ ｌ ｎ ｅ．ｎａ ｄｔ ｎ ｔｅｅｂ ｈｖｏｓ ｏ ｌ ｅｓａｅ ｍｏ ｇｄｆ ｒｎ ｉ ａ ｏ ｂｅｔ Ｏｔａ ｉ ａｉ ｂｅｔ ｏ ｌ ｅｉ ｌｍｅｔｄｉ ａｌ ｉ ｆ ｍｕ ｔ ｍｕ ｏ ｎ
浅谈三菱变频器的常用参数设置
浅谈三菱变频器的常用参数设置顾 伟（江苏省启东中等专业学校，江苏 启东 226200）摘 要：变频器是一种将工频电流变换成频率可变的元器件。
随着自动化技术的发展，变频器被广泛应用在工业生产的电动控制电路中。
为了在使用中使变频器的功能、性能和节能效果达到最佳状态，需要对变频器的参数进行设置。
本文介绍了三菱E700变频器上、下限频率、速度、加减速和模拟量等参数设置和功能特点，帮助读者学习和使用变频器。
关键词：变频器；频率；加减速；模拟量【作者简介】 顾伟（1974—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向：电子电工。
随着自动化技术的发展，变频器被广泛应用在工业生产中的各种电动机控制电路中。
变频器是一种利用电子半导体器件的接通和断开的功能将工频交流电源变换为频率可调的元器件。
在工业生产中，三菱变频器是应用较多的变频器之一，其主要采用交—直—交方式，先把工频交流电源通过整流器转换成直流电源，然后再把直流电源转换成频率、电压均可调的交流电源。
三菱变频器的电路一般由整流、中间直流环节、逆变和控制四个部分组成。
整流部分为三相桥式不可控整流器，逆变部分为IGBT 三相桥式逆变器，输出为PWM 波形，中间直流环节为滤波、直流储能和缓冲无功功率。
下面以三菱E700变频器为例，简单介绍常用的参数设置。
一、上、下限频率设置上限频率设置是为了防止电动机运行频率过高，在运行中引起飞车，引起操作事故，上限频率设置是限制运动机速度过快，保护操作人员的一种安全措施；下限频率设置是为了保证电动机在启动时，满足一个需要的最低速运行要求而设置的方式。
如何设置变频器上、下频率参数呢？变频器接通电源后，按PU/EXT 键，进入PU 运行模式。
在PU 模式下，按MOOD 键，进入参数设定模式。
旋转旋钮，将显示屏上参数编号调至出现P.001，此时表示上限频率设置。
按SET 健，进入频率设定状态。
旋转旋钮，将值调到需要设定的频率。
上限频率默认值为120，上限频率设置值不要过高，否则容易引起电动机飞车。
苯丙胺类中枢兴奋剂滥用防治
表 1 国际公约管制和不受国际公约管制的苯丙胺类及其它精神兴奋剂3
A. 国际公约管制的A T S 及其它兴奋剂
a. 目前无医用价值或极有限医用价值的物质
根据 1971 年公约表 (1971, Schedu le ) 列入的苯丙胺类物质3 3
25 岁人群中有 5% 滥用甲基苯丙胺, 1954 年, 全国滥用人数达 55 万, 其中 1 10 (515 万人) 患 苯丙胺中毒精神病〔4〕, 造成严重社会问题和公
M DM A ) 成为今天滥用最为广泛的 A T S。
共卫生问题。
苯丙胺中枢神经系统作用和滥用病例的报 告是 1933 年才分别见诸于医学文献的〔1〕。在发
1961 年 制 定 的“麻 醉 药 品 单 一 公 约”( Sing le Conven t ion on N a rco t ic D rug s, 简 称“61 公 约”)、1971 年制定的“精神药品公约”(Conven2 t ion on P sycho t rop ic Sub stances, 简称“71 公 约”) 和 1988 年制定的“禁止麻醉品和精神物质贩 运公约”(Conven t ion A ga in st Illicit T raffic in
本药理作用和滥用性质及其防治等撰写的综 施等进行管制、打击和政策指导, ghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
6 (总 102) 中国药物滥用防治杂志 2002 年第 3 期总第 38 期
个 月 的 使 用 率 分 别 为 1513%、913% 和 413%〔4〕。 在亚洲, 除菲律宾、日本等传统滥用甲
苯 甲 吗 啉 ( Phenm etrazine )、苯 双 甲 吗 啉 (Phend im et razine) , 二乙胺苯丙酮 (D iethy lp ro2
Freytag’sDramaticStructure：弗赖塔格的戏剧结构
English I Honors - Group Table ProjectFreytag ProjectDirections: In your group tables, you will confirm the plot outline for Oedipus Rex as described below the rubric. First determine what the climax is, then work your way through the Freytag Pyramid.Rubric:The Freytag Pyramid consists of five elements and you will be graded on those elements plus one other: _____ 5 Exposition Locate 1 direct passage with page number. Add 5 sentences of commentarydescribing why and how the passage is important to our understanding of the setting, characters, time frame, etc._____ 5 Rising Action Locate 1 direct passage with page number. Add 5 sentences of commentarydescribing the important factors of the rising action and why passage is important._____ 20 Climax Locate 1 direct passage with page number. DEFEND THE CLIMAX PLUS DRAWA PICTURE THAT ILLUSTRATES THE TURNING POINT. When you defend, you explain theimportance of the climax and why it is deserving to be the climax. Your commentary which includes your defense will be 10 or more sentences._____ 5 Falling Action Locate 1 direct passage with page number. Add 5 sentences of commentarydescribing why and how the passage is important._____ 5 Resolution (Catastrophe) Locate 1 direct passage with page number. Add 5 sentences ofcommentary describing why and how the passage is important._____ 10 Presentation and Focus During Class Time Students worked diligently on their projects,remain focused during class time, and presented their projects with great clarity and articulation.Freytag’s Dramatic StructureActionThe essence of a stage play is the action. Whereas the novelist may present a heroine in an armchair, and go on for pages relating her rich inner life, the playwright must put characte rs on their feet immediately, telling us who they are by showing us what they do. This requires an engaging dramatic situation and ingenious plotting of the action. The rapid action of a play begins with the introduction of the dramatic situation, or problem, and does not end until the situation has been resolved.The Dramatic SituationThe action of great play arises from the dramatic situation. A character or group of characters is in some sort of distress. This has been described as a condition of conflict, but is perhaps more accurately defined as a dynamic relationship of a character to an objective and the obstacle that comes between them. That is a character has some goal of objectives but some obstacle stands in the way. Romeo wants Juliet, but her family (and his) stands in the way. This elemental structure underlies most dramatic situations. The action flows naturally from the dramatic situation as the characters pursue their various objectives, and either succeed or fail in overcoming the obstacles that come between them and happiness.The PlotThe first systematic study of dramatic action was Aristotle’s Poetics. Aristotle observes that a play must have a beginning, a middle, and an end —a rough analysis that has been considerably refined since Aristotle’s time. We now recognize that most great plays have a five-part movement which corresponds roughly to the five-act structure of classical comedy and tragedy: Exposition, Rising Action, Climax, Falling Action, and Denouement or Catastrophe, depending upon whether the play has a happy or a sad ending. A stage play is perhaps the most conventional and restricted of all literary forms. It is an uncommon stage play that succeeds in violating this five-part structure, whether it be a tragedy, comedy, melodrama, or farce. The five-part structure has its greatest analyst in the nineteenth-century critic Gustave Freytag, who originated the famous pyramid of the dramatic plot:A) ExpositionB) Rising ActionC) Climax D) Falling Action/Return E) Catastrophe (Denouement)Exposition The exposition is the play’s introduction to the characters and the dramatic situation. Whatever history of the characters we need in order to understand their present predicament will be given as economically as possible in the exposition. In the Prologue to Oedipus Rex, the Priest tells us that the city of Thebes has been suffering from a plague. We learn that King Oedipus is a wise capable ruler, for he onc e outwitted the wicked Sphinx to save Thebes from her fury. His people believe that only Oedipus can save them from the plague. We also learn that Oedipus, ever-vigilant, has sent his Queen’s brother, Creon, to Delphi to ask advice of the oracle. In the next scene of exposition Creon comes to tell Oedipus what he learned from the oracle: Someonemurdered the previous king, Laios. The god Apollo will not lift the plague from Thebes until the people find the murderer and punish him.All this is background, helping us to understand the dramatic situation. Classic plays, like epics, often begin in media res, in the middle of the story, and the exposition is the play’s main gesture toward the past. Though the play returns occasionally to exposition to fill in gap s in the audience’s knowledge, most of thebackground information emerges in the first minutes of classical drama. After this, the dramatic interest is fixed squarely in the present. When we have learned about the dramatic situation of Oedipus Rex, That Oedipus wants to save Thebes from the plague but cannot until he finds the murder of Laios, then the real action of the play can begin.The Rising ActionWhen the chief characters of the drama begin pursuing their objectives in earnest, the play has begun its rising action From the moment that Oedipus learns the cause of the plague and resolves “to avenge the city and the city’s god,” to find and punish the murderer, he is engaged in a series of actions and crises that lead inevitable to the play’s climax and Oedipus’s downfall. Oedipus makes his proclamation to hunt down the murderer. He summons the prophet Teiresias and asks him to name the guilty party. This brings on the first crisis, or complication, of the rising action. Teiresias shocks Oedipus by tell ing him “you are the murderer whom you seek,” a fascinating complication, for we may suspect for the first time the true nature of Oedipus’s dramatic situation. He is his own obstacle. Oedipus himself is standing in the way of his objective. At first he does not believe it, and he is engaged. He curses Teiresias and sends him away.The rising actions consists of all those scenes that lead to the major turning point or climax in the play’s story. IN a comedy as well as a tragedy, the rising action shows the hero struggling to solve the play’s problem, though in a comedy, the hero appears to be more vulnerable and threatened with failure. Defiance and pride C B DA Echaracterize Oedipus’s behavior in the rising action of Oedipus Rex as he fights the allegations of his own guilt. He threatens the good Creon with exile or death. Despite the assurances of the Queen Iocaste and the townspeople that Creon is innocent, Oedipus continues to suspect him, arrogantly looking for the source of evil outside himself instead of with in. His crisis with Creon leads to the play’s climax, in which Iocaste, intending to reassure Oedipus, lends him information that points to his guilt.The ClimaxThe climax of a stage play is sometimes hotly disputed. We will avoid unnecessary confusion if we recognize that this term has used to describe two different moments in the theater. There is the climax of dramatic action, sometimes called the turning point of the play. There is the climax of emotion, that point in the drama that moves the audience most deeply.In this chapter we are chiefly concerned with the climax of action. This is the exact point at which the hero’s fortunes turn—from better to worse in a tragedy, from bad to good in a comedy. During the exposition and rising action of Oedipus Rex the hero ascends from strength to arrogance. But when Iocaste hells him Laios was killed “where three highways meet,” and Oedipus recalls murdering a man in that time and place, his position falters. Oedipus begins his descent into self-suspicion, self-loathing, and finally blindness and exile as his fate overwhelms him.Anyone who has seen Oedipus Rex knows that the emotional climax of the play comes near the end, after the hero’s guilt has been proven to everyone. But by the time the old shepherd deli vers final proof Oedipus’s guilt, and the hero blinds himself, King Oedipus’s fortunes has been declining for a quite a few scenes. In the plotting of Oedipus Rex the emotional climax of the play occurs during the falling action and the catastrophe.Locati ng the climax of a play’s action, or the “turning point,” is one of the most challenging and rewarding pursuits in the study of drama, for it is at this point in the story that the hero’s strengths and weaknesses are most visible. In some plays the climax is conspicuous, as it is in the powerful scene of Othello wherein the great Moor begins to suspect his wife of infidelity. In other plays the turning point is difficult to determine, as in Oedipus Rex, which has a lengthy falling action and violent catastrophe, but whose early climax may seem to some like one more crisis in the rising action.We will be searching for the climax of the action in all of our plays. Whether or not we agree where it occurs, the search for the climax we hope will produce lively discussion.The Falling ActionSometimes called the declining action or the return, the falling action in a tragedy includes those scenes that show the hero or heroine as falling from power and fate closing in on him or her. In a comedy it shows the villains or forces of adversity in decline, as the more sympathetic characters gain the upper hand.At the climax of Oedipus Red, the hero begins to suspect his guilt. After that, each scene of the falling action brings him closer to the awful truth about himself. First a messenger from Corinth, and then a shepherd, bring him evidence that proves beyond any doubt that Oedipus himself is the murderer he has been seeking. The falling action leads directly to the play’s resolution.Catastrophe and DenouementDrama has been likened to the weaving of a net or the tying of a knot to catch the characters in a predicament, and to hold the audience in suspense about the fate of these characters they have come to admire. Catastrophe comes from the Greek and means litera lly “a downward turn,” while the gentler term denouement, from the French, means “an untying”. Though the terms have used interchangeable, we usually call the outcome of a tragedy a catastrophe, and outcome of a comedy its denouement.These are the scenes of the play that answer our questions. In comedies, where there is a love interest and we may have been wondering if the heroine would live happily ever after with the hero, the denouement is usually a marriage, engagement, or other reconciliation. In tragedies, where we fear the demise of the hero, the scenes of catastrophe are often violent and swift. There may be scenes of great tenderness and pathos at this point to soothe the agitated feelings of the audience. In any case, this moment of the play may not be prolonged, for once our questions have been answered and the knot untied, the action must end.。
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中国安装案例
[农业]
南
麦 京
玛 格
• 安装地点 :江苏省农科院安装实验大棚 • 安装时间 : 2008.07 • 管径 : 15mm
中国安装案例
[工厂]
南
麦 京
• 管
玛 格
• 安装地点 : 南京施密特化学一期 • 安装时间 : 2011.01 径 : 100mm 等
中国安装案例
[学校1]
南
麦 京
韩国安装案例
[公寓
/
建筑]
• 安装地点 : 大同建设 (koaroo公寓楼) • 安装时间 : 2008.01 • 管径 : 150mm等
南
• 安装地点 : 春田社教保大厦 • 安装时间 : 2007.12 • 管径 : 40mm等
麦 京
• 管径 : 80mm等
玛 格
• 安装地点 : HANA旅游大厦 • 安装时间 : 2007. 07 • 管径 : 80mm等
玛 格
确保 经济性
热效率 增加
确保 水安全
IOREX 特点
特点
便利性
安装简单，安装时，停水时间与交通管制时间短
安全性
采用人体亲和性比较高的 (石墨) 材料 – 安全性更强
环保
南
无动力，无任何化学品，无需更换
麦 京
玛 格
永久性
一旦安装，永久性使用
性能
不会使水压下降 • 中国水质适合
安装案例
主要安装
南京市疾病预防控制中心【 宁卫(环)检字第20070632号】 其中部分检测项目数值对比 项目 三氯乙烯 汞 菌落总数 锰 铁 标准 ≤0.07 ≤0.001 ≤100CFU/mL ≤0.1mg/L ≤0.3mg/L 通过前 0.002 0.0003 1 13.2 0.093 通过后 0.0002 0.0001 ＜1 ＜0.001 0.04
韩国主要安装位置
大同建设(koaroo公寓楼) 全北机械工业高中 群山市商业女子高中 陆军军事学院 汉城女子大学 忠北科学大学 高敞郡教育厅 清州市圣化政府办公楼 清州市粉坪政府办公楼 平泽市火车站 教保大厦 忠北曾坪市游泳馆 韩国铁路局 LG集团燃油处理厂 (丽水, 仁川) POSCO 现代重工 忠南燕祁郡自来水公司 安东市自来水公司 奉化郡自来水公司 庆州市自来水公司 永川市自来水公司
玛 格
试验片在 24H x 30天以后 N20 碳素钢片未发现腐蚀现象 （同时锈不是沉淀的） 不锈钢的试验片无水垢形成
30天以后加热棒形成的水垢明显的 变薄，并且水垢的量也明显减少
3. 性能与期待效果（4）
附着水垢，造成中央空调清洗费用居高不下 定期的化学药剂清洗，导致管道内径出现不均匀，严重腐蚀损伤设备，减少空调系统使用寿命
南
麦 京
玛 格
项目 锌 锰 铁 标准 5mg/L以下 0.1mg/L以下 0.3mL/以下 结果 0.36 0.003 0.11
其中部分检测项目数值对比
3. 性能与期待效果（8）
期待效果
回归自然 环境效果
软水 效果 杀菌 功能
皮肤/管道 里产生的 问题解决
南
麦 京
管道/设备 寿命延长
除锈, 除垢, 除腐水
Turbulence jet湍流、 射流
南
微纳米气泡
形成30~300个微纳米气泡集群 ▶ 形成大约5~6个水分子集群 ▶ 亲水性和通透性增加
Micro Nano Bubble 微纳米气泡
麦 京
玛 格
Galvanic current 偶电流
偶电流
形成小阳极 – 大阴极结构，发生大的电位差 ▶ 往小阳极积累电子 ▶ 电子传达到水里 ▶ 促进离子活性化
IOREX 未安装时锅炉内壁[24H×30天]
试验开始之前 加热棒能看见无垢 30天以后形成的垢多且厚出现膨胀开裂现象
(根据2008-G-05
试验报告)
试验结束后N20碳素钢片 能看见腐蚀现象
试验开始之前 的N20碳素钢 片、不锈钢片
IOREX安装后试验结果[24H×30天]
南
麦 京
试验结束后，不锈钢试验片形成 的水垢膨胀脱落现象
麦 京
玛 格
• 管径 : 20mm、20mm
中国安装案例
[住宅3]
南
• 管
麦 京
玛 格
• 安装地点 : 南京市建邺区华润悦府 3栋、4栋多户安装 • 安装时间 : 2014.03
径 : 15mm
中国安装案例
[住宅4]
南
• 管
麦 京
径 : 15mm
玛 格
• 安装地点 : 南京市鼓楼区中岛凤凰熙岸12栋
形成电气二 重层（Electric
Double Layer）
A:和液体一起流动的电荷
B:固定在固体表面不能移动的电荷
南
麦 京
玛 格
根据湍流喷射的作用形成微纳米气泡
（促进离子化）
2. 技术与认证（3）
核心技术 (1)
核心技术 (2)
石墨电极表面最优化形态设计
为了产生静电，石墨电极运用最 优化的形态设计 ▶ 水处理性能提高
• 安装地点 : 南京市国际广场购物中心【贝蒂蔻丽晶】 • 安装时间 : 2011.12 • 管径 : 15mm
中国安装案例
[住宅1]
南
麦 京
径 : 15mm
玛 格
• 安装地点 : 南京市栖霞区天鸿山庄（27户） • 安装时间 : 2006年 • 管
中国安装案例
[住宅2]
南
• 安装地点 : 海南三亚鲁能三亚湾新城 • 安装时间 : 2014.01
南
影响造成静电发生下降
麦 京
玛 格
排出孔使用高品质SUS不锈钢，防压、防腐蚀、隔热
应用抗菌材料
利用黄铜，石墨抑制细菌活性，使细菌细 胞壁损伤，从而达到灭菌
切断内部 • 外部温度传导,防止因湿气因素
▶ 防止性能失效
▶ 提高水安全
核心材料介绍
(电极物质石墨)
使用材料介绍 (2)
使用材料介绍 (1)
南
麦 京
汇维仕
舒川火电厂
全北益山自来水公司
玛 格
英阳郡自来水公司
全南海南郡自来水公司 忠北农业技术院 全北教育厅
忠南公州市自来水公司
忠南礼山郡自来水公司 忠南唐津郡自来水公司 忠南论山市自来水公司
全北南原市农业技术院 报勋福利院
HANA旅游大厦
等等……
海外主要安装位置 Herimetage博物馆 (俄罗斯) 阿尔科姆有限公司 (马来西亚) 生物公司 (巴西) 军用工厂 (俄罗斯) 日经阿尔科姆 (马来西亚) 尚佑贸易 (柬埔寨, 越南) 莫斯科市政府 (俄罗斯) 自来水厂 (马来西亚) Magma dev. (中国)
▶ Zeta电位（Zeta Potential）形成小离子活化水
2. 技术与认证（2）
形成湍流喷射
a)流体与特殊的碳电极接触时在边缘面形成电气二重层，与此同时产生的部分电荷和流体一起流 动而产生静电的现象。石墨电极和流体的水流影响静电的强度。产品内部结构的特点形成湍流 喷射，更有效地破坏内壁的流动和二重层，而使静电的强度增强。 流体流动方向
首 尔
南
麦 京
玛 格
安装之后 检测时间：2007.09.10
HANA
旅 游 大 厦 管 道
安装大概3个月以后形成的凸起(冰柱)现象 第一次检测（2007.12）
形成的凸起(冰柱)现象体积变小、长度变短、厚度变薄 第二次检测（2008.03）
3. 性能与期待效果（3）
祛除并抑制锈、垢、腐蚀 [上海工业锅炉试验结果]
韩国安装案例
▶ 公州市
[自来水]
▶ 唐津市
▶ 礼山郡
▶ 安东市
南
▶ 益山市
麦 京
▶ 论山市
▶ 鸡龙市
玛 格
▶ 沃川郡
▶ 敞群郡
韩国安装案例
[工厂 / 其它]
▶ 现代重工
▶ 大田铁路
▶ 浦项钢铁
南
麦 京
▶ 舒川火电厂
▶ 대전 EL KOREA
玛 格
▶ EL 韩国
▶ 浦项东洋回声
等等……
▶ LG集团丽水工厂
3. 性能与期待效果（5）
安装效果图 – POSCO
解体比较
40天以后
除锈、垢
南
麦 京
玛 格
进口/出口明显的区别
(POSCO 检测资料)
内视镜的比较
污渍异物清除 腐蚀情况得到改善
4个月以后
(POSCO 内视镜摄影)
3. 性能与期待效果（6）
韩国 国家保健环境研究所
通过前 水质检测
- 韩国性能认证标 -
- 产品认证书 -
3. 性能与期待效果（1）
附着水垢比较 –
韩国铁路局
附着垢 (戴手套触摸手套上没有)
安装水处理锅炉
未安装水处理锅炉
水垢附着力降低(戴手套触摸手套上有）
减少铁含量 – 韩国LG集团GS燃油厂
铁含量波动图 /Fe++ (ppm )
7/14 10:00 7/15 10:00 7/15 16:30 7/16 14:00 7/17 16:00 7/18 14:00 7/19 19:00
南
麦 京
玛 格
IOREX 安装
抑制锈 • 水垢形成，自动清洁管道,改善水质 管道 / 各种设备仪器 寿命延长 解决因防锈剂使用过量，产生的对人体有害因素
2. 技术与认证（1）
核心技术 (1)
湍流形成
石墨喷嘴与液体冲突 ▶ 形成湍流 ▶熵（Entropy）增加 ▶ 发生强烈的静电
核心技术 (2)