七下一章测试题3

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小学数学冀教版第七册认识更大的数读写含有两级的数-章节测试习题(3)

小学数学冀教版第七册认识更大的数读写含有两级的数-章节测试习题(3)

章节测试题1.【答题】由4个一百万,4个一千,4个一组成的数是().A.4004040B.4040000C.4004004【答案】C【分析】由4个一百万,4个一千,4个一组成的数是一个七位数,最高位百万位、千位和个位上都是4,写这个数时,从高位到低位,一级一级地写,哪一个数位上一个单位也没有,就在那个数位上写0.【解答】解:这个数写作:4004004,选C.2.【答题】下列各数,只读一个零的是().A.6008800B.6000880C.6080800【答案】B【分析】整数中“零”的读法:每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位一个0或连续几个0都只读一个零.【解答】A.6008800读作:六百万八千八百,一个零都不读; B.6000880读作:六百万零八百八十,只读一个零;C.6080800读作:六百零八万零八百,读出两个零.选B.3.【答题】下列各数中,只读一个零的是().A.60060006B.60000606C.60000660【答案】C【分析】根据整数中0的读法,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位一个零或连续几个0都只读一个零.据此可选择.【解答】解: A.60060006,读作六千零六万零六,读出两个零;B.60000606,读作六千万零六百零六,读出两个零;C.60000660,读作六千万零六百六十,读出一个零.4.【答题】用3个0和3个5组成一个零也不读的数是().A.500505B.555000C.550005【答案】B【分析】整数的读法:从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位1个0或连续几个0都只读一个零,据此读出各选项中的数,然后选择.【解答】A.500505读作:五十万零五百零五,读出两个零; B.555000读作:五十五万五千,一个零也不读出;C.550005读作:五十五万零五,读出一个零.选B.5.【答题】读30503015时,从左往右数,()0不读.A.第一个B.第二个C.第三个【答案】B【分析】根据整数中“零”的读法,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位一个零或连续几个0都只读一个零.【解答】解:3050 3015,分了两级,万级末尾万位上的0不读,是从左往右第2个.6.【答题】170060080读作().A.一亿七千零六万零八十B.一亿七百万六百八十C.一亿七千零六百八十【答案】A【分析】170060080是一个十亿数,读这个数时,从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位连续几个0都只读一个零.【解答】解:170060080,读作一亿七千零六万零八十,选A.7.【答题】连一连(把下面的数和正确的读法用线连起来).90013020 九百零一万三千零二十9013020 九千零一万三千二百90013200 九千零一万三千零二十【答案】见解答【分析】根据整数的读法,从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位一个零或连续几个0都只读一个零,读出左边的数再向右连线.【解答】8.【答题】连一连(把下面的数和正确的读法用线连起来).12340000 一千二百万三千四百12003400 一千零二万三千四百10203040 一千零二万三千零四10023400 一千零二万零三百零四10020304 一千二百三十四万10023004 一千零二十万三千零四十【答案】【分析】根据整数的读法,从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位连续几个0都只读一个零,即可读出各数,再根据读出的数进行连线.【解答】见答案.9.【答题】在5和8之间添()个0,这个数才能成为五百万零八.A.4B.5C.6D.7【答案】B【分析】根据整数的写法写出五百万零八,数出中间的0即可.整数的写法:从高位到低位,一级一级地写,哪个数位上一个单位也没有,就在那个数位上写0.【解答】五百万零八写作:5000008,5和8之间有5个0.所以在5和8之间添5个0,成为五百万零八.选B.10.【答题】下列各数,读数时只读一个零的是().A.603080B.6030800C.6003800【答案】A【分析】根据整数的读法:从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其他数位一个0或连续几个0都只读一个零即可作出判断.【解答】A.603080读作六十万三千零八十,只读一个零,符合题意; B.6030800读作六百零三万零八百,读出二个零,不符合题意;C.6003800读作六百万三千八百,一个零也不读,不符合题意.选A.11.【答题】下列各数中,只读1个“零”的是().A.500505B.55500C.500500【答案】C【分析】整数的读法:从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位有一个0或连续几个0都只读一个零.【解答】A.500505读作:五十万零五百零五,读出2个零;B.55500读作:五万五千五百,一个零也不读出;C.500500读作:五十万零五百,读出1个零.选C.12.【答题】下列各数,读作三千一百零四万零五十的是().A.3104050B.31040050C.31040500D.31400500【答案】B【分析】根据整数的写法,从高位到低位,一级一级地写,哪个数位上一个单位也没有,就在那个数位上写0,写出这个数即可选择.【解答】三千一百零四万零五十写作:31040050.选B.13.【答题】李村去年工农业纯收入六百四十万零七十元,写作()元.A.64070B.6407C.6400070D.640070【答案】C【分析】整数的写法:从高位到低位,一级一级地写,哪个数位上一个单位也没有,就在那个数位上写0,据此写出.【解答】六百四十万零七十写作:6400070.选C.14.【答题】下列各数,一个零也不读的是().A.700030B.703000C.700300【答案】B【分析】整数的读法:从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其他数位有一个0或连续几个0都只读一个零;据此读出各数进行选择.【解答】A.700030读作:七十万零三十,读出1个零;B.703000读作:七十万三千,一个零也不读出;C.700300读作:七十万零三百,读出1个零.选B.15.【答题】一个自然数的末尾有几个零,读数的时候应该().A.几个零都读出来B.只读一个零C.一个零也不读【答案】C【分析】本题考查的是整数的读法.【解答】根据整数的读法法则中有关“0”的读法可知:每级末尾的零都不读,所以一个自然数的末尾的零,读数时一个零也不读.选C.16.【答题】读一个多位数时,()的“0”都不读.A.每级前面B.每级中间C.每级末尾【答案】C【分析】本题是考查整数的读法.根据整数中“0”的读法,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位一个0或连续几个0都只读一个零.【解答】根据整数的读法,读一个多位数时每级末尾的“0”都不读出来.选C.17.【答题】8060701读作().A.八千零六万七百零一B.八百零六万零七百零一C.八千零六十万七百零一【答案】B【分析】本题是考查整数的读法.根据整数的读法,从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位有1个0或连续几个0都只读一个零,即可读出此数.【解答】8060701读作:八百零六万零七百零一.选B.18.【答题】下面三个数中,读数时一个零也不读的是().A.28060000B.2920000C.18000005【答案】B【分析】本题主要考查整数的读法,注意零的读法:从高位到低位,一级一级地读,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其他数位有一个0或连续几个0都只读一个零.【解答】A.28060000读作:二千八百零六万,读出1个零; B.2920000读作:二百九十二万,一个零也不读出;C.18000005读作:一千八百万零五,读出1个零.选B.19.【答题】写数时,每级开头或中间不管有几个0,都只写一个0. ()【答案】×【分析】本题考查的是较大数的写法.【解答】根据整数的写法,从高位到低位,一级一级地写,哪个数位上一个单位也没有,就在那个数位上写0. 所以不管有几个0,都只写一个0的说法是错误的.故本题错误.20.【答题】写数时写几个0,在读数时就读几个0. ()【答案】×【分析】本题考查的是较大数的写法和读法.【解答】根据整数中“零”的读法,每一级末尾的0都不读出来,其余数位一个0或连续几个0都只读一个零.故本题错误.。

2020-2021学年外研版英语七年级下册 Module3 Unit1---unit3 同步测试题

2020-2021学年外研版英语七年级下册 Module3 Unit1---unit3 同步测试题

Unit1一、单项选择1. My little sister was born ________ a sunny morning ________June, 2020 . My parents named her Xiao Sun.A. on; inB. in; onC. at; inD. in; in2. His grandparents live ________ in a small house, but they don't feel ________.A. lonely; aloneB. alone; lonelyC. lonely; lonelyD. alone; alone3. —Who lives together with this old woman?—________. She lives alone. Li Jing and I come to see her every Saturday.A. NobodyB. SomebodyC. AnybodyD. Everybody4. —How is Lily in the new school?—She is doing very well. There is ________ to worry about.A. nothingB. somethingC. anything5. —Would you like to go to the movies with me this evening?—________ , but I promised to go swimming with Eric.A. Never mindB. I don't think soC. I'd love toD. It's not a big deal6. —How is your summer camp, Ben?—________. I have so many friends.A. FantasticB. Not reallyC. BoringD. Of course7. —________?—She is going to enjoy the sun and beach next weekend. A. When does she go B. What is she doingC. Where is she goingD. What is she going to do8. I'm sorry I know________ about it. It's a secret between them.A. nothingB. somethingC. anythingD. everything9. —When are you going to Hainan Island for a holiday?—________ the morning of 1st May.A. InB. AtC. OnD. For10. He always ________ before his boss comes to his office everymorning.A. has a picnicB. goes shoppingC. checks his emailsD. goes fishing11. —Why are you in such a hurry, John?—There ________ a basketball match between Class Three and our class in ten minutes.A. is going to beB. is going to haveC. will haveD. will hold12. —Would you like ________ to drink?—Yes, I'd like a cup of coffee.A. something elseB. else somethingC. anything elseD. else anything13. We ________ have a picnic together with our teachers next Thursday.A. are goingB. are going toC. will goingD. may going to14. —Would you like to go out for a walk with us?—________, but I must finish my homework first.A. That's all rightB. I'd love toC. Yes, I doD. No, I don't15. —Is Lucy going to Shanghai?—________.A. Yes, she isB. Yes, she isn'tC. Yes, she doesD. No, she doesn't二、按要求完成下列句子。

人教版七年级下册英语1-3单元测试题 (1)

人教版七年级下册英语1-3单元测试题 (1)

新目标7年下册Units1-3练习题1.Lotsof______inourvillageneverseeaplane.2.Myfather_______toworkeveryday.3.P.E.lessonisa_____timeforusstudents.Wecanrunandshoutontheplaygrou nd.4.Manyof_______cometoourvillagetosingforuseveryyear.5.After______,wearealittletired.6.Hetellsme______thesubwaytogotothepark.7.Webrushour______everymorning.8.Ilikesinging,butLindaisgoodat______.II.根据句意及所给提示,补全单词或用单词、固定短语、固定搭配的正确形式填空。

1.It’s_____(重要的)nottobelateforschool.2.—Whatj_____doesyoursisterdo—Sheisateacher.3.Mygrandmausuallytellingus_____(故事)tous.4.—Whencanshe_______(和……谈话)you,Jim—Thisafternoon.5.Theyhave_______(横过,越过)abigrivereveryday.6.Wel_____homeatsixandgotoschooleverymorning.7.MissLi_______(教我们)English.8.Jimhaslunchathome.He________(飞快地跑)toschoolafterlunch.Ⅲ.从方框里选择合适的短语,并用其适当形式填空。

1.Heoften______withhisfriendsafterschool,becausehelikesmusic.2.—Whendoesshe_______inthemorning—Ataboutfivethirty.3.I______withmyfatherafterdinner.4.Jackis_____Jim_____LinTaointheclassroom.5.—_____she______thesechildren—Yes,shelikesplayingwithchildren.6.Ithinktheirdreamscan_______.7.Thegirlisyoungandsheneedsto______dressing.8.Lilygetsupandbeginsto______.句型过关I.按要求转换句型,每空一词。

七年级下Unit3单元测试题

七年级下Unit3单元测试题

七年级下Unit3 How do you get to school单元测试题单项选择(10分)1.—How do you go to work?—______ car.A.In B.By C.On D.With2.—How do you ______ school every day?—By bike.A.get B.reach in C.arrive in D.get to3.In our school about two ______ students get to school by bike.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.hundred of 4.—______ does it take you to walk to school?—About fifteen minutes.A.How long B.How soon C.How often D.How far 5.—______ is it from your home to school?—It's two miles.A.How far B.How C.How long D.How often6.______ do you think ______ your school life?A.How;like B.What;ofC.How;of D.What;a bout7.I live near a ______.I often go swimming there in summer.A.river B.mountain C.town D.shop8.Tom's home is ten kilometers ______ school.A.away B.to C.away from D.far from9.Students have to ______ a boat to get ______ home.A.take;to B.take;/ C.takes;/ D.takes;to10.______ takes her about twenty minutes ______ home.A.That;get to B.It;get to C.This;to get D.It;to get 完形填空(10分)Getting to places can sometimes be difficult,especially(特别)when you are going to a place for the __26__ time.In big cities,many people take buses,trains or subways to get from __27__ to another.__28__ are a popular means of transportation. If you want to take a bus,you need to know __29__ bus to take and where you can get on. You __30__ need to be able to(能够)read the timetable rightly,so you can take the right bus and __31__ your place on time. At last,you need to know __32__ to get off and __33__ the driver the name of the station.In the countryside,transportation can be much simple. In some places,people get to school or work __34__ boat. Some children ride in long boats on the river to get to school. In __35__ places,students walk to school.11.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth 12.A.one place B.the place C.places D.the places 13.A.Cars B.Trains C.Bikes D.Buses 14.A.what B.where C.which D.why15.A.too B.as well C.also D.either 16.A.get to B.arrive C.reach in D.arrive to 17.A.why B.where C.when D.how 18.A.say B.talk C.speak D.tell19.A.on B.in C.by D.at 20.A.other B.others C.another D.else阅读理解(30分)AMary always takes the subway to school. She likes watching people and relaxing. It's five miles to her school and takes about 5 minutes.Lin usually walks to school. It takes about 25 minutes. But sometimes he rides his bike. It takes about 10 minutes by bike. He can take the school bus,but he doesn't like it. He doesn't have any friends on the bus. It's boring.根据短文内容,判断句子正(T)误(F)。

七年极下数学课本习题第1章整式的乘除

七年极下数学课本习题第1章整式的乘除

第一章整式的乘除第1节同底数幂的乘法1. P3-例1计算:(1)(-3)7×(-3)6(2)(1111)3 ×1111(3)-x3·x5(4)b2m·b2m+12. P3-例2光在真空中的速度约为3×108m/s,太阳光射到地球上大约需要5×102s。

地球距离太阳大约有多远?3. P3-随堂练习-1计算:(1)52×57(2)7×73×72(3)-x2·x3(4)(- c)3·(- c)m4. P3-随堂练习-2一种电子计算机每秒可做4×109次运算,它工作5×102 s可做多少次运算?5. P3-随堂练习-3光在真空中的速度大约是3×108m/s。

太阳系以外距离地球最近的恒星是比邻星,它发出的光到达地球大约需要4.22年,一年以3×107s计算,比邻星与地球的距离约为多少?6. P4-习题1.1-1计算:(1)c·c11(2)104×102×10 (3)(-b)3·(-b)2(4)-b3·b2(5)x m-1·x m+1(m>1)(6)a·a3·a n7. P4-习题1.1-2已知a m=2,a n=8,求a m+n。

8. P4-习题1.1-3下面的计算是否正确?如有错误请改正。

(1)a3·a2=a6(2)b4·b4=2b4(3)x5+x5=x10(4)y7·y=y89. P4-习题1.1-4在我国,平均每平方千米的土地一年从太阳得到的能量,相当于燃烧1.3×108kg的煤所产生的能量。

我国960万km2的土地上,一年从太阳得到的能量相当于燃烧多少千克的煤所产生的能量?(结果用科学记数法表示)。

10. P4-习题1.1-5某种细菌每分由1个分裂成2个。

牛津译林版英语七下_Unit 3 单元测试基础卷(解析版)

牛津译林版英语七下_Unit 3 单元测试基础卷(解析版)

班级姓名学号分数Unit 3 Welcome to Sunshine Town 单元测试(A卷·夯实基础)(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)一、词汇填空(本题共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分。

)1.We will have a _____ (家长) meeting after the mid-term exam.2.You can find many ______ names on the wall.(英雄)3.The watch on the table is one of the _________(模特).4.This notebook isn’t mine. It’s ________ (她的) .5.This T-shirt is only ________ ________ (四十元) . I want to buy it.6.That is ________ (他们的) new house.7.—Thank you for your ________(明信片)and Merry Christmas.—The same to you.8.I hope my camera will still ________ up there. (运转)9.The sports clothes on the floor are the school team ________(成员).10.—Whose oranges are they?—They are ________ ________. (我妹妹的)二、用所给单词适当形式填空(本题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分。

)11.Please write down some space ________ (hero) names and their stories.12.The box is not ________ (you). It’s mine. My box is yellow, and yours is red.13.My computer game is in my ________ (parents) room.14.________ (I) name is Linda.15.Are those ________ (they) jackets?16.These are ________ (Tom) jackets. They are nice.17.The ________ (girl) names are Lucy and Lily.18.Your book is not here. It’s in your ________ (grandparents) room.19.It is hard ________ (finish) lots of ________ (work) at the same time.20.My home is near the school. It is about fifteen _________ (minute) walk.三、根据首字母填空(本题共10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分。

七年级英语下册Unit 3综合测试题-人教版(含答案)

七年级英语下册Unit 3综合测试题-人教版(含答案)

七年级英语下册Unit 3综合测试题-人教版(含答案)Unit 3 How do you get to school?I、单项选择(15分)1.It's the old man's dream to go to Beijing. Can his dream ______?A. go outB. eat outC. come trueD. come on2.There are about eight ______ students in our grade.A. hundredsB. hundredC. hundred ofD. hundreds of3.How long will it ______ you to fly to Beijing from your hometown?A. spendB. takeC. payD. use4.You must go home ______ 8:00 and 9:00.A. atB. fromC. inD. between5.— ______ is it from Lanzhou to Lhasa?— It's about 2,160 kilometers.A. How oftenB. How farC. How longD. How many6.How are they going to the park next week, ______ bike or ______ foot?A. by; byB. on; onC. by; onD. on; by7.I'm afraid ______ snakes. Please keep them away from me.A. forB. ofC. aboutD. to8.My mother ______ home at six every afternoon.A. get toB. arrives atC. getsD. arrives in9.Don’t go ________ the street unless the traffic lights turn green.A. crossB. acrossC. throughD. pass10.It takes me half an hour ____ the piano every day.A. playB. playingC. to playD. to playing11.—How far is it from the railway station to the hotel?—It's about ____ walk.A. ten minute'sB. ten-minutesC. ten minutes'D. ten minutes12.—____ is the train station from here?—About three kilometers.A. How farB. How longC. How manyD. How much13.—____ do the students in your school do outdoor activities every day?—At least an hour.A. How oftenB. How longC. How muchD. How far14.—____ is it from your home to your school?—It is about 10 minutes' ride.A. How longB. How soonC. How farD. How often15.There is a park ____ our school ____ the supermarket.A. from; toB. between; andC. from; onD. in; onII、根据语境及首字母提示完成句子(5分)1.—How do you get to school?—I r_______________ my bike.2.—How long does it take to get to school on foot?—It takes about 15 m_____________.3.—Does Jane walk to school?—No, she doesn’t. She goes b___________ bus.4.There is not a b_____________ over the river.5.—How does he cross the river without a bridge?—He usually c_____________ the river by boat.III、选词填空(5分)how many, how, how long, how far, think of,1.____ does it take you to get to school?2.____ is it from here to the bus stop?3.____ do students around the world get to school?4.What do you ____ the way to Zhangzhou?5.____ months are there in a year?IV、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空(5分)1.The ______ (village) dreams of leaving the village to work in the big city.2.Be careful when you go ______ (cross) the street.3.It's very easy ______ (find) some useful information on the Internet.4.You'd better tell me the ______ (true).5.The girl is afraid ______ (go) out at night.V、补全对话(本大题共1小题,共5分)A: Hello, Lisa!B: Hello, Julie.A: (1)________B: I usually get to school at seven thirty.A: I see. How do you go to school? Do you take the bus?B: No, I don't. (2)________A: How far is it from your home to school?B: It is about 5 kilometers. What about you? (3)________A: About twenty minutes by bike. It is good for me to ride a bike.B:You are right. (4)________ We can play basketball together.A: (5)________A. Sounds great!B. How long does it take you to get to school?C. What time do you get to school?D. I usually ride a bike.E. How about riding to my home this weekend?VI、阅读理解(30分)AJoy always rides her bike to school. It's four miles from her home to school and it (1) (take) her about fifteen minutes. Joy likes riding to school. She says it is good for her health.Mary and Susan usually go to school by bus. They like talking with their friends on the bus. (2) It's about ten minutes' ride to school by bus.Paul's home is near school. He usually walks to school. It's about five minutes' walk. Paul says (3) 他喜欢晚饭后散步。

人教新目标七年级英语下册-Unit-1-3-测试题

人教新目标七年级英语下册-Unit-1-3-测试题

Unit 1-3Ⅰ。

单项选择(10分)( )1。

—Let’s play ______ guitar。

— That sounds good。

But I don’t have _______ guitar。

A. a;the B。

a; a C. the;a D。

the;the( )2. Jill usually gets home _________ 5:30 ______ the afternoon.A. at;onB. at;in C。

in;at D。

on;in( )3。

Now I have some ______ to do, so I can't go to the store with you。

A。

work B. job C。

thing D。

dream( )4。

My sister is _______ of dogs,so she never plays with them.A. happyB. afraid C。

short D. same()5。

— Let’s go to the sports club and _______ after school。

— That sounds good. Do you want to play tennis or ping—pong?A。

sing B. swim C。

write D. exercise( )6。

These days Miss Jones doesn’t _________ to school because her car doesn’t work。

A。

walk B. run C。

ride D。

drive( )7. - Is Simon’s home _______ from yours?- No, his home is next to mine.A. farB. old C。

big D. new( )8。

Can you see ________ bread and eggs on the table?A. many B。

初中数学北师大版七年级下册第一章 整式的乘除1.6完全平方公式-章节测试习题(1)

初中数学北师大版七年级下册第一章 整式的乘除1.6完全平方公式-章节测试习题(1)

章节测试题1.【题文】化简求值.()求的值,其中.()若,求的值.【答案】(1)22;(2)6【分析】(1)根据平方差公式,单项式乘多项式的运算法则,进行运算,然后和合并同类项后把的值代入进行计算即可得解;根据完全平方公式,单项式乘多项式的运算法则进行运算,然后和合并同类项后,把已知式子的值整体代入即可得解;【解答】解:(),,,∵,∴原式,,.(),,,∵,∴,∴原式.2.【题文】我们知道对于一个图形,通过不同的方法计算图形的面积可以得到一个数学等式.例如:由图1可得到(a+b)²=a²+2ab+b².图1 图2 图3(1)写出由图2所表示的数学等式:_____________________;写出由图3所表示的数学等式:_____________________;(2)利用上述结论,解决下面问题:已知a+b+c=11,bc+ac+ab=38,求a²+b²+c²的值.【答案】(a+b+c)2=a2+b2+c2+2ab+2ac+2bc (a-b-c)2=a2+b2+c2-2ab-2ac+2bc 45【分析】(1)根据数据表示出矩形的长与宽,再根据矩形的面积公式写出等式的左边,再表示出每一小部分的矩形的面积,然后根据面积相等即可写出等式.(2)根据利用(1)中所得到的结论,将a+b+c=11,bc+ac+ab=38,作为整式代入即可求出.【解答】解:(1)根据题意,大矩形的面积为:小矩形的面积为:(2)由(1)得3.【题文】已知,求:(1)的值;(2)的值;(3)的值.【答案】(1)-30;(2);(3)【分析】(1)提公因式,然后将a+b=5和ab=-6整体代入求值;(2)将原式利用配方法转化为两根的和与两根的积来解答;(3)将原式利用配方法转化为两根的和与两根的积来解答.【解答】解:(1)∵,∴;(2);(3),故.4.【题文】利用图形中面积的等量关系可以得到某些数学公式.例如,根据图甲,我们可以得到两数和的平方公式:(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2.你根据图乙能得到的数学公式是怎样的?写出得到公式的过程.【答案】(a﹣b)2=a2﹣2ab+b2.【分析】根据图形,左上角正方形的面积等于大正方形的面积减去两个矩形的面积,然后加上多减去的右下角的小正方形的面积.【解答】解:∵大正方形的面积= a2还可以表示为5.【题文】先化简,再求值:(1)(9x3y-12xy3+3xy2)÷(-3xy)-(2y+x)(2y-x),其中x=1,y=-2;(2)(m-n)(m+n)+(m+n)2-2m2,其中m、n满足方程组【答案】(1) -2x2-y,0;(2) 2mn,-6.【分析】(1)根据多项式除以单项式和平方差公式化简,然后代入求值;(2)根据完全平方公式和平方差公式化简,然后解方程组求出m、n的值后再代入求值.【解答】解:(1)原式=-3x2+4y2-y-4y2+x2=-2x2-y.当x=1,y=-2时,原式=-2+2=0.(2)①+②,得4m=12,解得m=3.将m=3代入①,得3+2n=1,解得n=-1.故方程组的解是(m-n)(m+n)+(m+n)2-2m2=m2-n2+m2+2mn+n2-2m2=2mn,当m=3,n=-1时,原式=2×3×(-1)=-6.6.【题文】已知a2+b2=1,a-b=,求a2b2与(a+b)4的值.【答案】【分析】把目标代数式化成包含已知代数式的形式.【解答】解:因为a2+b2=1,a-b=,所以(a-b)2=a2+b2-2ab.所以ab=- [(a-b)2-(a2+b2)]=.所以a2b2=(ab)2=.因为(a+b)2=(a-b)2+4ab.=,所以(a+b)4=[(a+b)2]2=.7.【题文】请认真观察图形,解答下列问题:(1)根据图中条件,用两种方法表示两个阴影图形的面积的和(只需表示,不必化简);并由此得到怎样的等量关系?请用等式表示;(2)如果图中的a,b(a>b)满足a2+b2=53,ab=14,求:①a+b的值;②a-b 的值.【答案】(1)a2+b2=(a+b)2-2ab;(2)①9;②5.【分析】(1)两个阴影部分的面积可以用阴影部分面积相加和用总面积减去非阴影部分面积来表示。

北师大七年级下册数学第一章单元测试题

北师大七年级下册数学第一章单元测试题

北师大版七年级下册数学第一章单元测试题一.选择题(共10小题)1.化简(﹣x)3(﹣x)2,结果正确的是()A.﹣x6B.x6C.x5D.﹣x52.下列运算正确的是()A.a2?a3=a6B.(a2)3=a5C.(﹣2a2b)3=﹣8a6b3D.(2a+1)2=4a2+2a+13.下列运算正确的是()A.a2?a3=a6B.5a﹣2a=3a2C.(a3)4=a12D.(x+y)2=x2+y24.下列运算正确的是()A.a+2a=2a2B.(﹣2ab2)2=4a2b4C.a6÷a3=a2D.(a﹣3)2=a2﹣95.下列计算正确的是()A.3a+4b=7ab B.(ab3)2=ab6C.(a+2)2=a2+4 D.x12÷x6=x66.地球的体积约为1012立方千米,太阳的体积约为1.4×1018立方千米,地球的体积约是太阳体积的倍数是()A.7.1×10﹣6B.7.1×10﹣7C.1.4×106D.1.4×1077.若x2+4x﹣4=0,则3(x﹣2)2﹣6(x+1)(x﹣1)的值为()A.﹣6 B.6 C.18 D.308.计算:(x﹣1)(x+1)(x2+1)﹣(x4+1)的结果为()A.0 B.2 C.﹣2 D.﹣2a49.如图,从边长为(a+4)cm的正方形纸片中剪去一个边长为(a+1)cm的正方形(a>0),剩余部分沿虚线又剪拼成一个矩形(不重叠无缝隙),则矩形的面积为()A.(2a2+5a)cm2 B.(3a+15)cm2C.(6a+15)cm2D.(8a+15)cm210.2+1)(22+1)(24+1)(28+1)(216+1)+1的计算结果的个位数字是()A.8 B.6 C.4 D.2二.填空题(共10小题)11.若a m=2,a n=8,则a m+n=______.12.计算:(﹣5a4)?(﹣8ab2)=______.13.若2?4m?8m=216,则m=______.14.计算:﹣(﹣)﹣83×0.1252=______.15.已知10m=3,10n=2,则102m﹣n的值为______.16.已知(x﹣1)(x+3)=ax2+bx+c,则代数式9a﹣3b+c的值为______.17.观察下列各式的规律:(a﹣b)(a+b)=a2﹣b2(a﹣b)(a2+ab+b2)=a3﹣b3(a﹣b)(a3+a2b+ab2+b3)=a4﹣b4…可得到(a﹣b)(a2016+a2015b+…+ab2015+b2016)=______.18.图(1)是一个长为2a,宽为2b(a>b)的长方形,用剪刀沿图中虚线(对称轴)剪开,把它分成四块形状和大小都一样的小长方形,然后按图(2)那样拼成一个正方形,则中间空的部分的面积是______.19.如果x+y=﹣1,x﹣y=﹣3,那么x2﹣y2=______.20.计算:=______.三.解答题(共10小题)21.已知a x=5,a x+y=30,求a x+a y的值.22.已知2x+5y=3,求4x?32y的值.23.计算:12×(﹣)+8×2﹣2﹣(﹣1)2.24.先化简,再求值:(a+b)(a﹣b)﹣b(a﹣b),其中,a=﹣2,b=1.25.已知2x=3,2y=5.求:(1)2x+y的值;(2)23x的值;(3)22x+y﹣1的值.26.(1)若x n=2,y n=3,求(x2y)2n的值.(2)若3a=6,9b=2,求32a﹣4b+1的值.27.计算:(1)(π﹣3)0+(﹣)﹣2+(﹣14)﹣23;(2)(﹣4xy3)?(xy)+(﹣3xy2)2.28.(2016春?滁州期末)如图1所示,边长为a的正方形中有一个边长为b的小正方形,如图2所示是由图1中阴影部分拼成的一个正方形.(1)设图1中阴影部分面积为S1,图2中阴影部分面积为S2.请直接用含a,b的代数式表示S1,S2;(2)请写出上述过程所揭示的乘法公式;(3)试利用这个公式计算:(2+1)(22+1)(24+1)(28+1)+1.29.已知(x2+mx+n)(x+1)的结果中不含x2项和x项,求m,n的值.30.从边长为a的正方形中剪掉一个边长为b的正方形(如图1),然后将剩余部分拼成一个长方形(如图2).(1)上述操作能验证的等式是______;(请选择正确的一个)A、a2﹣2ab+b2=(a﹣b)2B、a2﹣b2=(a+b)(a﹣b)C、a2+ab=a(a+b)(2)应用你从(1)选出的等式,完成下列各题:①已知x2﹣4y2=12,x+2y=4,求x﹣2y的值.②计算:(1﹣)(1﹣)(1﹣)…(1﹣)(1﹣).北师大版七年级下册数学第一章单元测试题参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共10小题)1.(2016?呼伦贝尔)化简(﹣x)3(﹣x)2,结果正确的是()A.﹣x6B.x6C.x5D.﹣x5【分析】根据同底数幂相乘,底数不变,指数相加计算后选取答案.【解答】解:(﹣x)3(﹣x)2=(﹣x)3+2=﹣x5.故选D.【点评】主要考查同底数幂的乘法的性质,熟练掌握性质是解题的关键.2.(2016?哈尔滨)下列运算正确的是()A.a2?a3=a6B.(a2)3=a5C.(﹣2a2b)3=﹣8a6b3D.(2a+1)2=4a2+2a+1【分析】分别利用幂的乘方运算法则以及合并同类项法则以及完全平方公式、同底数幂的乘法运算法则、积的乘方运算法则分别化简求出答案.【解答】解:A、a2a3=a5,故此选项错误;B、(a2)3=a6,故此选项错误;C、(﹣2a2b)3=﹣8a6b3,正确;D、(2a+1)2=4a2+4a+1,故此选项错误;故选:C.【点评】此题主要考查了幂的乘方运算以及合并同类项以及完全平方公式、同底数幂的乘法运算、积的乘方运算等知识,正确掌握相关运算法则是解题关键.3.(2016?娄底)下列运算正确的是()A.a2?a3=a6B.5a﹣2a=3a2C.(a3)4=a12D.(x+y)2=x2+y2【分析】分别利用同底数幂的乘法运算法则以及合并同类项法则、幂的乘方运算法则、完全平方公式分别计算得出答案.【解答】解:A、a2a3=a5,故此选项错误;B、5a﹣2a=3a,故此选项错误;C、(a3)4=a12,正确;D、(x+y)2=x2+y2+2xy,故此选项错误;故选:C.【点评】此题主要考查了同底数幂的乘法运算以及合并同类项、幂的乘方运算、完全平方公式等知识,正确把握相关定义是解题关键.4.(2016?荆门)下列运算正确的是()A.a+2a=2a2B.(﹣2ab2)2=4a2b4C.a6÷a3=a2D.(a﹣3)2=a2﹣9【分析】根据合并同类项系数相加字母及指数不变,积的乘方等于乘方的积,同底数幂的除法底数不变指数相减,差的平方等余平方和减积的二倍,可得答案.【解答】解:A、合并同类项系数相加字母及指数不变,故A错误;B、积的乘方等于乘方的积,故B正确;C、同底数幂的除法底数不变指数相减,故C错误;D、差的平方等余平方和减积的二倍,故D错误;故选:B.【点评】本题考查了同底数幂的除法,熟记法则并根据法则计算是解题关键.5.(2016?东营)下列计算正确的是()A.3a+4b=7ab B.(ab3)2=ab6C.(a+2)2=a2+4 D.x12÷x6=x6【分析】A:根据合并同类项的方法判断即可.B:根据积的乘方的运算方法判断即可.C:根据完全平方公式判断即可.D:根据同底数幂的除法法则判断即可.【解答】解:∵3a+4b≠7ab,∴选项A不正确;∵(ab3)2=a2b6,∴选项B不正确;∵(a+2)2=a2+4a+4,∴选项C不正确;∵x12÷x6=x6,∴选项D正确.故选:D.【点评】(1)此题主要考查了同底数幂的除法法则:同底数幂相除,底数不变,指数相减,要熟练掌握,解答此题的关键是要明确:①底数a≠0,因为0不能做除数;②单独的一个字母,其指数是1,而不是0;③应用同底数幂除法的法则时,底数a可是单项式,也可以是多项式,但必须明确底数是什么,指数是什么.(2)此题还考查了幂的乘方和积的乘方,要熟练掌握,解答此题的关键是要明确:①(a m)n=a mn(m,n是正整数);②(ab)n=a n b n(n是正整数).(3)此题还考查了完全平方公式的应用,以及合并同类项的方法,要熟练掌握.6.(2016?聊城)地球的体积约为1012立方千米,太阳的体积约为1.4×1018立方千米,地球的体积约是太阳体积的倍数是()A.7.1×10﹣6B.7.1×10﹣7C.1.4×106D.1.4×107【分析】直接利用整式的除法运算法则结合科学记数法求出答案.【解答】解:∵地球的体积约为1012立方千米,太阳的体积约为1.4×1018立方千米,∴地球的体积约是太阳体积的倍数是:1012÷(1.4×1018)≈7.1×10﹣7.故选:B.【点评】此题主要考查了整式的除法运算,正确掌握运算法则是解题关键.7.(2016?临夏州)若x2+4x﹣4=0,则3(x﹣2)2﹣6(x+1)(x﹣1)的值为()A.﹣6 B.6 C.18 D.30【分析】原式利用完全平方公式,平方差公式化简,去括号整理后,将已知等式代入计算即可求出值.【解答】解:∵x2+4x﹣4=0,即x2+4x=4,∴原式=3(x2﹣4x+4)﹣6(x2﹣1)=3x2﹣12x+12﹣6x2+6=﹣3x2﹣12x+18=﹣3(x2+4x)+18=﹣12+18=6.故选B【点评】此题考查了整式的混合运算﹣化简求值,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.8.(2016春?揭西县期末)计算:(x﹣1)(x+1)(x2+1)﹣(x4+1)的结果为()A.0 B.2 C.﹣2 D.﹣2a4【分析】原式利用平方差公式计算,去括号合并即可得到结果.【解答】解:原式=(x2﹣1)(x2+1)﹣(x4+1)=x4﹣1﹣x4﹣1=﹣2,故选C【点评】此题考查了平方差公式,熟练掌握平方差公式是解本题的关键.9.(2016春?山亭区期末)如图,从边长为(a+4)cm的正方形纸片中剪去一个边长为(a+1)cm的正方形(a>0),剩余部分沿虚线又剪拼成一个矩形(不重叠无缝隙),则矩形的面积为()A.(2a2+5a)cm2 B.(3a+15)cm2C.(6a+15)cm2D.(8a+15)cm2【分析】利用大正方形的面积减去小正方形的面积即可,注意完全平方公式的计算.【解答】解:矩形的面积为:(a+4)2﹣(a+1)2=(a2+8a+16)﹣(a2+2a+1)=a2+8a+16﹣a2﹣2a﹣1=6a+15.故选C.【点评】此题考查了图形的剪拼,关键是根据题意列出式子,运用完全平方公式进行计算,要熟记公式.10.(2016春?相城区期中)(2+1)(22+1)(24+1)(28+1)(216+1)+1的计算结果的个位数字是()A.8 B.6 C.4 D.2【分析】原式变形后,利用平方差公式计算得到结果,归纳总结即可确定出结果的个位数字.【解答】解:原式=(2﹣1)?(2+1)?(22+1)?(24+1)…(216+1)+1=(22﹣1)?(22+1)?(24+1)…(216+1)+1=(24﹣1)?(24+1)…(216+1)+1=232﹣1+1=232,∵21=2,22=4,23=8,24=16,25=32,…,∴其结果个位数以2,4,8,6循环,∵32÷4=8,∴原式计算结果的个位数字为6,故选:B.【点评】此题考查了平方差公式,熟练掌握平方差公式是解本题的关键.二.填空题(共10小题)11.(2016?大庆)若a m=2,a n=8,则a m+n=16.【分析】原式利用同底数幂的乘法法则变形,将已知等式代入计算即可求出值.【解答】解:∵a m=2,a n=8,∴a m+n=a m?a n=16,故答案为:16【点评】此题考查了同底数幂的乘法,熟练掌握乘法法则是解本题的关键.12.(2016?临夏州)计算:(﹣5a4)?(﹣8ab2)=40a5b2.【分析】直接利用单项式乘以单项式运算法则求出答案.【解答】解:(﹣5a4)?(﹣8ab2)=40a5b2.故答案为:40a5b2.【点评】此题主要考查了单项式乘以单项式,正确掌握运算法则是解题关键.13.(2016?白云区校级二模)若2?4m?8m=216,则m=3.【分析】直接利用幂的乘方运算法则得出2?22m23m=216,再利用同底数幂的乘法运算法则即可得出关于m的等式,求出m的值即可.【解答】解:∵2?4m8m=216,∴2?22m23m=216,∴1+5m=16,解得:m=3.故答案为:3.【点评】此题主要考查了同底数幂的乘法运算以及幂的乘方运算,正确应用运算法则是解题关键.14.(2016?黄冈模拟)计算:﹣(﹣)﹣83×0.1252=﹣7.【分析】直接利用积的乘方运算法则结合有理数的乘法运算法则化简求出答案.【解答】解:﹣(﹣)﹣83×0.1252=﹣(8×0.125)2×8=﹣8=﹣7.故答案为:﹣7.【点评】此题主要考查了积的乘方运算和有理数的乘法运算,正确应用积的乘方运算法则是解题关键.15.(2016?阜宁县二模)已知10m=3,10n=2,则102m﹣n的值为.【分析】根据幂的乘方,可得同底数幂的除法,根据同底数幂的除法,可得答案.【解答】解:102m=32=9,102m﹣n=102m÷10n=,故答案为:.【点评】本题考查了同底数幂的除法,利用幂的乘方得出同底数幂的除法是解题关键.16.(2016?河北模拟)已知(x﹣1)(x+3)=ax2+bx+c,则代数式9a﹣3b+c的值为0.【分析】已知等式左边利用多项式乘以多项式法则计算,利用多项式相等的条件求出a,b,c的值,即可求出原式的值.【解答】解:已知等式整理得:x2+2x﹣3=ax2+bx+c,∴a=1,b=2,c=﹣3,则原式=9﹣6﹣3=0.故答案为:0.【点评】此题考查了多项式乘以多项式,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.17.(2016?百色)观察下列各式的规律:(a﹣b)(a+b)=a2﹣b2(a﹣b)(a2+ab+b2)=a3﹣b3(a﹣b)(a3+a2b+ab2+b3)=a4﹣b4…可得到(a﹣b)(a2016+a2015b+…+ab2015+b2016)=a2017﹣b2017.【分析】根据已知等式,归纳总结得到一般性规律,写出所求式子结果即可.【解答】解:(a﹣b)(a+b)=a2﹣b2;(a﹣b)(a2+ab+b2)=a3﹣b3;(a﹣b)(a3+a2b+ab2+b3)=a4﹣b4;…可得到(a﹣b)(a2016+a2015b+…+ab2015+b2016)=a2017﹣b2017,故答案为:a2017﹣b2017【点评】此题考查了平方差公式,以及多项式乘以多项式,弄清题中的规律是解本题的关键.18.(2016?乐亭县二模)图(1)是一个长为2a,宽为2b(a>b)的长方形,用剪刀沿图中虚线(对称轴)剪开,把它分成四块形状和大小都一样的小长方形,然后按图(2)那样拼成一个正方形,则中间空的部分的面积是(a﹣b)2.【分析】先求出正方形的边长,继而得出面积,然后根据空白部分的面积=正方形的面积﹣矩形的面积即可得出答案.【解答】解:∵图(1)是一个长为2a,宽为2b(a>b)的长方形,∴正方形的边长为:a+b,∵由题意可得,正方形的边长为(a+b),∴正方形的面积为(a+b)2,∵原矩形的面积为4ab,∴中间空的部分的面积=(a+b)2﹣4ab=(a﹣b)2.故答案为(a﹣b)2.【点评】此题考查了完全平方公式的几何背景,求出正方形的边长是解答本题的关键.19.(2016春?沛县期末)如果x+y=﹣1,x﹣y=﹣3,那么x2﹣y2=3.【分析】利用平方差公式,对x2﹣y2分解因式,然后,再把x+y=﹣1,x﹣y=﹣3代入,即可解答.【解答】解:根据平方差公式得,x2﹣y2=(x+y)(x﹣y),把x+y=﹣1,x﹣y=﹣3代入得,原式=(﹣1)×(﹣3),=3;故答案为3.【点评】本题考查了平方差公式,熟练掌握平方差公式是解题的关键.公式:(a+b)(a﹣b)=a2﹣b2.20.(2016春?高密市期末)计算:=2015.【分析】原式变形后,利用平方差公式计算即可得到结果.【解答】解:原式===2015,故答案为:2015【点评】此题考查了平方差公式,熟练掌握平方差公式是解本题的关键.三.解答题(共10小题)21.(2016春?长春校级期末)已知a x=5,a x+y=30,求a x+a y的值.【分析】首先根据同底数幂的乘法法则:同底数幂相乘,底数不变,指数相加,求出a y的值是多少;然后把a x、a y的值相加,求出a x+a y的值是多少即可.【解答】解:∵a x=5,a x+y=30,∴a y=a x+y﹣x=30÷5=6,∴a x+a y=5+6=11,即a x+a y的值是11.【点评】此题主要考查了同底数幂的乘法法则:同底数幂相乘,底数不变,指数相加,要熟练掌握,解答此题的关键是要明确:①底数必须相同;②按照运算性质,只有相乘时才是底数不变,指数相加.22.(2016春?江都区校级期中)已知2x+5y=3,求4x?32y的值.【分析】根据同底数幂相乘和幂的乘方的逆运算计算.【解答】解:∵2x+5y=3,∴4x32y=22x?25y=22x+5y=23=8.【点评】本题考查了同底数幂相乘,底数不变指数相加;幂的乘方,底数不变指数相乘的性质,整体代入求解也比较关键.23.(2016?阜阳校级二模)计算:12×(﹣)+8×2﹣2﹣(﹣1)2.【分析】先算乘方,再算乘法,最后算加减即可.【解答】解:原式=12×(﹣)+8×﹣1=﹣4+2﹣1=﹣3.【点评】本题考查的是负整数指数幂,熟知有理数混合运算的法则是解答此题的关键.24.(2016?湘西州)先化简,再求值:(a+b)(a﹣b)﹣b(a﹣b),其中,a=﹣2,b=1.【分析】原式利用平方差公式,单项式乘以多项式法则计算,去括号合并得到最简结果,把a与b的值代入计算即可求出值.【解答】解:原式=a2﹣b2﹣ab+b2=a2﹣ab,当a=﹣2,b=1时,原式=4+2=6.【点评】此题考查了整式的混合运算﹣化简求值,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.25.(2015春?吉州区期末)已知2x=3,2y=5.求:(1)2x+y的值;(2)23x的值;(3)22x+y﹣1的值.【分析】将所求式子利用幂运算的性质转化,再整体代入即可得到结果.【解答】解:(1)2x+y=2x?2y=3×5=15;(2)23x=(2x)3=33=27;(3)22x+y﹣1=(2x)2?2y÷2=32×5÷2=.【点评】本题考查了同底数幂的乘法,幂的乘方,积的乘方,利用幂运算的性质将所求式子变形是解题的关键.26.(2015春?张家港市期末)(1)若x n=2,y n=3,求(x2y)2n的值.(2)若3a=6,9b=2,求32a﹣4b+1的值.【分析】(1)根据积的乘方和幂的乘方法则的逆运算,即可解答;(2)根据同底数幂乘法、除法公式的逆运用,即可解答.【解答】解:(1)(x2y)2n=x4n y2n=(x n)4(y n)2=24×32=16×9=144;(2)32a﹣4b+1=(3a)2÷(32b)2×3=36÷4×3=27.【点评】本题考查的是幂的乘方和积的乘方、同底数幂的乘除法,掌握它们的运算法则及其逆运算是解题的关键.27.(2016春?宿州校级期末)计算:(1)(π﹣3)0+(﹣)﹣2+(﹣14)﹣23;(2)(﹣4xy3)?(xy)+(﹣3xy2)2.【分析】(1)原式第一项利用零指数幂法则计算,第二项利用负整数指数幂法则计算,第三项利用乘方的意义计算,即可得到结果.(2)原式第一项利用单项式乘单项式法则计算,第二项利用幂的乘方与积的乘方运算法则计算,合并即可得到结果.【解答】解:(1)(π﹣3)0+(﹣)﹣2+(﹣14)﹣23=1+4﹣1﹣8=12;(2)(﹣4xy3)?(xy)+(﹣3xy2)2.=﹣2x2y4+9x2y4=7x2y4.【点评】此题考查了实数的运算,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.28.(2016春?滁州期末)如图1所示,边长为a的正方形中有一个边长为b的小正方形,如图2所示是由图1中阴影部分拼成的一个正方形.(1)设图1中阴影部分面积为S1,图2中阴影部分面积为S2.请直接用含a,b的代数式表示S1,S2;(2)请写出上述过程所揭示的乘法公式;(3)试利用这个公式计算:(2+1)(22+1)(24+1)(28+1)+1.【分析】(1)根据两个图形的面积相等,即可写出公式;(2)根据面积相等可得(a+b)(a﹣b)=a2﹣b2;(3)从左到右依次利用平方差公式即可求解.【解答】解:(1),S2=(a+b)(a﹣b);(2)(a+b)(a﹣b)=a2﹣b2;(3)原式=(2﹣1)(2+1)(22+1)(24+1)(28+1)+1=(22﹣1)(22+1)(24+1)(28+1)+1=(24﹣1)(24+1)(28+1)+1=(28﹣1)(28+1)+1=(216﹣1)+1=216.【点评】本题考查了平方差的几何背景以及平方差公式的应用,正确理解平方差公式的结构是关键.29.(2016春?北京校级月考)已知(x2+mx+n)(x+1)的结果中不含x2项和x项,求m,n的值.【分析】把式子展开,合并同类项后找到x2项和x项的系数,令其为0,可求出m和n的值.【解答】解:(x2+mx+n)(x+1)=x3+(m+1)x2+(n+m)x+n.又∵结果中不含x2的项和x项,∴m+1=0且n+m=0解得m=﹣1,n=1.【点评】本题主要考查了多项式乘多项式的运算,注意当要求多项式中不含有哪一项时,应让这一项的系数为0.30.(2016春?吉安期中)从边长为a的正方形中剪掉一个边长为b的正方形(如图1),然后将剩余部分拼成一个长方形(如图2).(1)上述操作能验证的等式是B;(请选择正确的一个)A、a2﹣2ab+b2=(a﹣b)2B、a2﹣b2=(a+b)(a﹣b)C、a2+ab=a(a+b)(2)应用你从(1)选出的等式,完成下列各题:①已知x2﹣4y2=12,x+2y=4,求x﹣2y的值.②计算:(1﹣)(1﹣)(1﹣)…(1﹣)(1﹣).【分析】(1)观察图1与图2,根据两图形阴影部分面积相等验证平方差公式即可;(2)①已知第一个等式左边利用平方差公式化简,将第二个等式代入求出所求式子的值即可;②原式利用平方差公式变形,约分即可得到结果.【解答】解:(1)根据图形得:a2﹣b2=(a+b)(a﹣b),上述操作能验证的等式是B,故答案为:B;(2)①∵x2﹣4y2=(x+2y)(x﹣2y)=12,x+2y=4,∴x﹣2y=3;②原式=(1﹣)(1+)(1﹣)(1+)…(1﹣)(1+)(1﹣)(1+)=××××××…××××=×=.【点评】此题考查了平方差公式的几何背景,熟练掌握平方差公式是解本题的关键.。

人教部编版七年级下册语文单元一考试题(附答案)

人教部编版七年级下册语文单元一考试题(附答案)

人教部编版七年级下册语文单元一考试题(附答案)一、填空题1. 人们常说:“[书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟。

]”(填入括号内的成语)2. 他是一个爱读书的人,[书架上]堆满了各种各样的书。

(填入括号内的词语)3. 这个故事告诉我们要有[信心],勇敢面对困难。

(填入括号内的词语)4. 他的发言激起了大家的[兴趣],大家都非常认真地听着。

(填入括号内的词语)5. 她的表演[精彩纷呈],赢得了观众们的热烈掌声。

(填入括号内的成语)二、选择题1. 下列句子中,标点符号使用正确的是:A. 她说:“我明天要去北京”。

B. 他说:“这是我的书。

”C. 妈妈说:“你好好研究,不要玩。

”D. 弟弟说:“要去公园玩吗?”答案:C2. 请选出下列词语中含有同音字的一组:A. 钢笔、铃铛、鼠标B. 池塘、花园、大门C. 毛巾、眼镜、钢琴D. 哥哥、姐姐、妹妹答案:C3. 下列词语中,哪一个是合成词?A. 月亮B. 桌子C. 小狗D. 风筝答案:D4. 下列句子中,哪一个句子的标点符号使用错误?A. 他问:“你喜欢吃苹果吗?”B. 我们去游泳,带上游泳圈。

C. 他们在公园里踢足球。

D. 你看,那边有一只小猫!答案:B5. 下列词语中,哪一个是近义词?A. 喜欢、讨厌B. 大、小C. 高兴、伤心D. 爸爸、妈妈答案:C三、简答题1. 请简述你心目中的好朋友应该具备的品质。

答案:我心目中的好朋友应该具备诚实守信、乐于助人、善解人意、有责任心等品质。

他们应该能够真心对待友谊,不说谎话,能够帮助别人,关心他人的感受,并且对自己的行为负责。

2. 请用自己的话解释什么是“人山人海”。

答案:人山人海是形容人非常多,拥挤得像山一样,海一样。

通常用来形容人群拥挤、人流如织的场景。

以上是《人教部编版七年级下册语文单元一考试题》的答案。

希望对你有所帮助。

七年级英语下册unit3单元基础测试题(Word版含答案)

七年级英语下册unit3单元基础测试题(Word版含答案)

七年级英语下册unit3单元基础测试题(Word版含答案)七年级英语下册unit 3 单元基础测试题(时间:60分钟满分:120分)⼀、根据句意和汉语提⽰写出所缺的单词(共15分)1. Don’t swim in the ______(河). It’s not safe(安全的).2. They go there by ______(⼩船).3. The school bus often ______(离开)at 8: 15 a. m.4. You can wait for me at the bus ______(车站).5. Be careful when you ______(横过)the street.6. There are three small ______(桥)in the city.7. I know some of the ______(村民). They are very kind.8. Do you think the story is ______(真的)?9. There are a ______(⼀百)teachers in the school.10. It’s about forty ______(千⽶)from here to Zhengzhou.11. There are ______(七⼗)balls in the room.12. —Tony, can you ______(开车)?—Yes, I can.13. The old man is ______(九⼗)years old.14. They are from America but now they ______(居住)in China.15.Don’t be ______(担⼼)about me.⼆、根据句意和⾸字母提⽰写出所缺的单词(共15分)1. I sit down b______ Joe and Rose.2. Edward looks l______ his father.3. My sister is eight y______ old and she is a student.4. My grandparents live in a small v______.5. The girl is a______ of going out alone(独⾃)in the evening.6. My cousin’s d______ is to be a famous(著名的)writer.7. Thirty-five and forty-five is e______.8. My sister r______ her bike to school every day.9. The building is very old. It’s not n______.10. There are s______ students in our class—forty boys and twenty girls.11. How many m______ are there in an hour?12There are n______ teachers in our school.Twenty of them are women and seventy are men.13.I think your dream can come t______.14.Mr.Green goes to work by car.His home is very f______ from his office.15.Jane l______ in a small village.三、⽤括号内所给单词的适当形式填空(5分)1.There are ______(hundred)of people dancing at the square after supper.2.Look!There are many ______(bus)over there.3.My uncle is a bus ______(drive).4.Are you afraid ______(cross)the river on a ropeway?5.It takes me an hour ______(do)my homework every day.四、单项选择(共25分)1. —Does your father go to work by ________car every day?—No, he sometimes takes ______ bus.A. a; theB. the; aC. /; aD. a; /2. My father’s office is very far ______ our home.A. toB. withC. fromD. at3. —______does mike usually get to school? —By bike.A. WhyB. HowC. WhenD. Where4. —Where is Mom now? —______. She may be in the kitchen.A. Sounds goodB. I’m afraid no tC. I think soD. I’m not sure5. —______ is it from your school to the zoo? —About ten miles(英⾥).A. How muchB. How oldC. How lotD. How far6. There are nine ______ students in our school.A. hundredsB. hundredC. hundreds ofD. hundred of7. —______does it take you to get there? —About half an hour.A. How longB. How manyC. How muchD. How far8. It takes him two hours ______ a book every day.A. to readB. readsC. looksD. to look9. Our English teacher has ______ son. He is very lovely(可爱的).A. a eight-year-oldB. an eight-year-oldC. a eight-years-oldD. an eight-years-old10. The bank is ______ the shop and the hospital(医院).A. atB. inC. betweenD. from11. She is so lucky(幸运的)because she has ______ good friends in her new school.A. manyB. muchC. a lotD. few12. I think it’s boring ______ computer games.A. playB. to playC. playingD. plays13. I live near the station. It’s only ten ______ walk. A. min ute’s B. minute C. minutes’ D. minutes14. —We don’t know ______.—Let me tell you. He comes here by plane.A. why he comes hereB. when he comes hereC. where he comes fromD. how he comes here15. My English teacher is good with us. She is like our mother _______ us.A. forB. atC. toD. with16. It’s good for people ________ after dinner.A. walkB. walkingC. to walkD. walks17. Don’t be _______ of the dog. It is very friendly.A. boringB. funnyC. afraidD. busy18. She usually _______ to the library at 10:00 and _______ at 11:45 on Saturday.A. come; leaveB. comes; leavesC. come; leavesD. comes; leave19. There is a river ______ Li Lin’s village _______ his school.A. either; orB. from; toC. between; andD. between; to20. In our school, one ________ girl plays the piano very well.A. thirteen years oldB. thirteen-years-oldC. thirteen-year-oldD. thirteen year old21. —______ do you _______ the Chinese people?—They are very nice.A. What; likeB. How; think ofC. What; think ofD. How; think about22. —How long does it take you to get there?—________.A. About twenty minutesB. I get there lateC. I ride my bikeD. Only 20 kilometers23. It takes me half two hours my homework.A. finishB. finishesC. to finishD. finishing24.I usually go to school______ bike,but sometimes I go to school ______foot.A. With ,onB.on ,byC.on , withD.by, on25.Can you tell me______?A.how do the students in the village go to schoolB.why does the boy cross the river every school dayC.what is the villagers’ dreamD. When the dream of the villagers can come true五、根据汉语意思翻译句⼦(每空⼀词)(共24分)1. 我需要⼤约⼀个⼩时到家。

(牛津译林版)七年级下册英语练习:Unit3基础知识测试试题

(牛津译林版)七年级下册英语练习:Unit3基础知识测试试题

七下Unit 3 基础知识测试题总分100分时间90分钟一、单项选择。

(15分)1. --Would you please lend me _ __ money?--I'm so sorry, but I don't take ____ money with me today.A. some; anyB. some; someC. any; anyD. any; some2. ____ bag is new and ___ is new, too.A. My; heB. Mine; hisC. My; hisD. My; her3. Mrs Green is ________ grandmother.A. Jim and KateB. Jim and Kate'sC. Jim's and Kate'sD.Jim and Kates'4. --The box looks so big. Do you need a hand?--Thanks. But I can move it. There is ___________ in it.A. somethingB. nothingC. anythingD. everything5. --1 don't know what to do this afternoon.-- have a picnic with us this afternoon?A. Why don'tB. Why notC. Why not youD. Why not to6. --is it from here to the nearest hospital?--It takes about 15 minutes by taxi.A. How longB. How soonC. How oftenD. How far7. --Shall we ____________ to Xnanwu Lake?--Good idea.A. by undergroundB. by the undergroundC. take a undergroundD. take the underground8. Kunqu opera sounds so beautiful. I often enjoy listening to it in the local __A. museumB. hotelC. theatreD. mall9. --How can we read here? There are so many chitdren playing around.--Well, let's find a ____________ place then.A. beautifulB. freshC. cleanD. quiet10. --This meat smells very _ . Who cooked it?--Oh, my mother. She is good at cooking.A. wellB. goodC. badD. badly11. We could hear birds _________in my hometown in the past, but now we.can 't.A. to singB. singingC. to singingD. sing12. --Shall we walk to the park?--I don' t think it' s a good idea. It may ___________ over half an hour.A. takeB. costC. spendD. use13. --It's sunny today. Let's go climbing _______. --Good idea!A. shall weB. will youC. won't youD. don't we14. --I'm going to Qinghai for a holiday tomorrow. --_____________.A. Best wishes!B. Oh, really?C. Have a good time!D. Good luck!15,--World you like some rice?--. I like to have a piece of bread better.A. Yes, pleaseB. No, thanksC. That's OKD. I'd love to二、完形填空(10分)Welcome to Golden Street. It is a very busy street. It's also my favorite place to have 1 . On both sides of the 2 , you can see many new buildings. Many shops are 3 in this street after nine o'clock 4 . People can buy allkinds of things there. If you 5 too long and you feel tired, you can go to thebar (酒吧) to drink something and 6 _ some music. If you are hungry, there are many good 7 there. You can 8 a lot of nice food. If you want tofind a big.supermarket, go 9 the street and turn right. You can see a big one, and there are10 kinds of things in it.1. A. happy B. funny C. nice D. fun2. A. street B. shop C. house D. bridge3. A. closed B. close C. open D. opens4. A. in the morning B. in the afternoon C. at noon D. in the evening5. A. say B, walk C. run D. visit6. A. pay B. turn C. enjoy D. hope7.A. gardens B. parks C. banks D. restaurants8. A. watch B. enjoy C. look D. like9. A. on B. at C. down D. behind10. A. much B. a lot C. many D, any二、阅读理解。

学典数学学业水平测试卷七年级(下)周周导练第1-3章教师版

学典数学学业水平测试卷七年级(下)周周导练第1-3章教师版

(2) ( 1 )8 ×48 4
解:原式= x9
解:原式= 1
(3) (-a2)3+(a3)2
解:原式= -a6+a6=0
(4) (-a3m)2n ÷(amn)5
解:原式= a6mn ÷a5mn=amn
16. (8 分)计算: (1) (- 1 a3-nbm-1)2 4
解:原 式= 1 a b 6-2n 2m-2 16
面积为 1.25×106 cm2. 12. 若单项式-6x2ym 与 1 xn-1y3 是同类项, 那么这两个单项式的积
3 是 -2x4y6 . 13. 如图①,将边长为 a 的大正方形剪去一个边长为 b 的小正方形 (a>b), 将剩下的阴影部分沿图中的虚线剪开, 拼接后得到图 ②,这种变化可以用含字母 a,b 的等式表示为 a2-b2=(a+b)(a-b) .
22. 若 x=2m+1,y=3+4m,则用 x 的代数式表示 y 为 y=(x-1)2+3 .
23. 已知(x-1)x+2=1,则整数 x= -2,0,2 .
二、解答题(本题满分 8 分) 24. 请看下面的解题过程:
“比较 2100 与 375 大小, 解 :∵2100=(24)25,375=(33)25, 又 ∵24=16,33=27,16<27, ∴2100<375”. 请你根据上面的解题过程,比较 3100 与 560 的 大小,并总结 本题 的解题方法.
解 :原 式 =(10a)2+(10b)3=25+216=241
(2) 求 102a+3b 的值;
解 :原 式 =(10a)2·(10b)3=25×216=5400
(3) 求 102a-3b 的值.

人教版七年级下册英语Units (1-3) 阶段测试题及参考答案

人教版七年级下册英语Units (1-3) 阶段测试题及参考答案

I. 听句子,选出句子中所包含的信息。

(共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)( )1. A. talk B. tell C. take( )2. A. 6:10 B. 6:20 C. 6:40( )3. A. get on B. get up C. get dressed( )4. A. Peter can speak English very well.B. Peter is afraid to speak English.C. Peter’s dream is to speak English well.( )5. A. I only play sports on weekends.B. I don’t play sports or watch TV on weekends.C. Sometimes I play sports, sometimes I watch TV on weekends.II. 听句子,选出该句的最佳答语。

(共5小题,每小题1分,计5分)( )6. A. I can write. B. No. I d on’t.C. Yes, I can.( )7. A. Ten minutes. B. On the weekend.C. It’s about five kilometers.( )8. A. It tastes good. B. It’s boring.C. I am fine. Thank you.( )9. A. It’s great. B. By bus.C. At eight o’clock.( )10. A. Yes, I can. B. No, I can’t.C. The violin.III. 听对话和问题,选择正确答案。

(共5小题,每小题1分,计5 分)( )13. A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus.( )14. A. 30 minutes. B. 15 minutes.C. 25 minutes.( )15. A. 10. B. 12. C. 20.IV. 听短文填空。

新目标英语七年级下册Unit3单元测试题及答案

新目标英语七年级下册Unit3单元测试题及答案

新目标英语七年级下Unit3测试题一、单项选择( )1. “_____ do you go to school every day?” “By bike.” A. When B. WhyC. How D. What ( )2. I _____ about two hours doing my homework last night.A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost ( )3. I _____ about 10 dollars on that dictionary yesterday. A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost ( )4. She _____ 20 dollars for the sweater last week. A. spent B. took C. paid D. cost ( )5. It _____ me about two hours to get here by train yesterday. A. spent B. tookC. paid D. cost ( )6. That painting _____ 2000 dollars. A. spends B. takes C. pays D. costs ( )7. My friend Jack usually goes to school _____. A. by busesB. by bus C. by the busD. by a bus ( )8. I often go to school _____. A. by a bike B. on bike C. take a taxi D. on foot( )9. _____ is it from your home to your school?A. How longB. How oftenC. How soon D. How far ( )10. The police station is about 200 meters _____ here. A. awayB. far from C. far D. away from ( )11. My sweater is the same _____ Jim’s, but it’s different _____ John’s.A. as; asB. from; fromC. as; fromD. from; as( )12. A number of students in our class _____ going to the movie this weekend.A. isB. areC. hasD. have( )13. The number of the students _____ about 600 in our school. A. is B. areC. has D. have ( )14. John went to visit his uncle _____ last weekend. A. by a taxiB. by footC. on bikeD. in a car ( )15. She has _____ books in her room.A. seven hundreds and twenty-three B. seven hundred and twenty-three C. seven hundreds and twenty three D. seven hundred and twenty three( )16. It takes about half an hour _____ to our school from my home on foot.A. getB. gotC. gettingD. to get( )17. He spent about an hour _ doing the work yesterday.A. finishB. finishedC. finishingD. to finish ( )18. How much money did you pay _____ the computer? A. for B. withC. to D. on ( )19. _____ did it take you to finish the work last night?A. How oftenB. How longC. How soonD. How far( )20. Mr. White hurried to work after _____ quick breakfast. A. a B. an . the D. /( )21. Can you tell me _____?A. where does Mr. Black live B. where Mr. Black livesC. where Mr. Black does liveD. Mr. Black lives where ( )22. My home isn’t far from my school. It’s only _____ walk.A. five minuteB. five minutesC. five minute’sD. five minutes’( )23. Don’t worry _____ your mother. I can look after her.A. aboutB. withC. onD. for( )24. This morning John got to school _____ the school bus, not _____ bike.A. on; onB. by; byC. on; byD. by; on( )25. Look! They are waiting _____ the bus stop. A. for B. with C. at D. on ( )26. She usually _____ a taxi to school with her sister. A. by B. in C. on D. takes ( )27. My home is abo ut three kilometers _____ school. It’s not far _____ here.A. from; fromB. to; toC. from; toD. to; from( )28. How do you go to school, _____ bike or _____ foot? A. by; by B. on; on C. by; onD. on; by ( )29. _____ do you _____ my new car? A. What; likeB. How; likeC. What; thinkD. How; think of ( )30. Good health depends _____ good food and exercise.A. with B. on C. for D. to ( )31. Today’s pin-pong match will be _____ 7:40pm _____ 9:30pm on Channel 5.A. at; toB. from; toC. between; toD. at; until( )32. I usually _____ to the bus stop and then go to school by bus.A. by bikeB. on my bikeC. take bikesD. ride my bike( )33. “_____ do you live from school?” “About 20 minutes by bike.”A. How longB. How soonC. How farD. How( )34. I’m so thirsty that I would like _____ cup of tea.A. otherB. the otherC. anotherD. others( )35. Don’t _____ others. You should try to do everything all by yourself.A. worry aboutB. depend onC. think ofD. ask for( )36. These two _____ transportation are _____ useful.A. kinds of; kind ofB. kind of; kinds ofC. kinds of; kinds ofD. kind of; kind of ( )37. The bus is the most popular _____ of transportation in our school.A. meanB. meaningC. meansD. meanings( )38. There must be a lot more fun than _____.A. to go fishingB. going fishingC. go fishingD. going fish( )39. Some students like walking, while _____ like riding bikes.A. the otherB. othersC. anotherD. the others( )40. We all like going to these places _____ there are mountains and rivers.A. thatB. whereC. whenD. what1. How long does it take ___________ ( get ) to Shanghai from Beijing by plane?2. I think taking a boat to school must be a lot more fun than __________ ( take ) a bus.3. Jim with his friends __________ ( take ) a subway to school every day.4. Do you know the __________ ( different ) between these two transportation.5. The bus __________ ( ride ) to school from my home usually takes about half an hour.6. A small number of students in our school __________ ( be ) taking a subway there.7. The number of the teachers in our school __________ ( be ) about forty.8. Don’t be __________ ( worry ) about Tom. He can take care of hi mself.9. She has a problem __________ ( pass ) the exam.10. Mike god a bad __________ ( ill ) yesterday, so he can’t come to school today.11. Do you want to take a subway __________ ( travel ) around New York?12. You needn’t __________ ( finish ) t he work right now. you can do it tomorrow.13. It’s going to rain. It’s better __________ ( take ) a umbrella with you.14. Does he need __________ ( clean ) the classroom now?15. I spent half an hour __________ ( finish ) reading the book.16. How ab out __________ ( take ) a boat there. It’s a lot more fun.17. We must be __________ ( quickly ). The train is leaving very soon.18. Would you please __________ ( tell ) me the way to the subway station.19. We have three ways of __________ ( get ) to school, by bus, by bike or on foot.20. They usually get to school on __________ ( foot ).21. There are six __________ ( hundred ) students in their school.22. What’s the __________ ( mean ) of this work, do you know?23. They will have a lot fun __________ ( play ) in the park.24. I think it’s fun __________ ( play ) in the water in summer.25. If it __________ ( rain ) tomorrow, I will take a bus to school.26. There are __________ ( hundred ) of people in the park on weekends.27. __________ ( read ) in the sun is bad for your eyes.28. Did you finish __________ ( write ) an e-mail to Mike?29. There are some __________ ( Canada ) visiting our school now.30. Alice __________ ( quick ) pot on he coat and went out.1. It’s about twenty __________(分钟)walk from here to the post office.2. It __________(花费)him about two hours to finish the work yesterday.3. It’s about five __________(公里)from his home to our school.4. In the countryside, bikes are the most __________(普通)means of transportation.5. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the subway __________(站)?七、根据汉语提示完成下列句子每空一词1. 通常你怎样去上学。

初中生物济南版七年级下册第三单元第一节 人类对生物圈的影响-章节测试习题

初中生物济南版七年级下册第三单元第一节 人类对生物圈的影响-章节测试习题

章节测试题1.【答题】下列不属于西部大开发战略中保护生态环境行为的是()A.退耕还林还草还牧B.使用再生纸自制贺卡C.开山、围湖种粮食D.不使用氟利昂制冷剂【答案】C【分析】本题考查保护天然林和退耕还林是保护西部生态环境重要措施。

【解答】西部地区是我国重要的生态安全屏障,因此巩固和发展退耕还林、退牧还草成果,加快退化草地治理等重点草原生态保护工程规划,继续推进天然林保护、京津风沙源治理、石漠化综合治理和防护林体系建设,是当前首要采取的措施.开山、围湖种粮食破坏生态平衡。

2.【答题】废弃的塑料制品成为土壤污染物的主要原因是()A.因为它们都是有毒物质B.它们因不能自然分解而破坏土壤结构C.它们减少土地的使用面积D.它们分解后产生有毒物质【答案】B【分析】本题考查土壤污染的相关知识点。

【解答】废弃的塑料制品难于降解,以致造成城市环境严重污染的现象,长期堆积会破坏土壤,污染地下水,危害海洋生物的生存等等。

由于废旧塑料包装物大多呈白色,人们习惯性地称之为“白色垃圾“,因此而造成的环境污染被称为白色污染。

废弃的塑料制品成为土壤污染物的主要原因不是因为它们都是有毒物质,故A错误;塑料制品成为土壤污染物的主要原因是因为它难降解,从而改善土壤结构,故B正确;D、塑料制品不能分解,故D错误。

选B。

3.【答题】下列关于哺乳动物与人类生活的关系的说法,不正确的是()A.为人类提供食品及药材B.具有科学研究价值C.所有哺乳动物与人类都有着直接或间接的关系,都应加以保护D.能维持生态系统的稳定性【答案】C【分析】本题考查我们应该跟其它哺乳动物和睦相处。

【解答】哺乳动物的共同特征是:体表被毛;牙齿有门、臼、犬齿的分化;体腔内有膈,把胸腔和腹腔分开,提高了心脏和肺的功能;用肺呼吸,适于陆生;心脏由四腔,两心房两心室;体温恒定;大脑发达;胎生;哺乳,提高了后代的成活率。

哺乳动物为人类提供食品及药材,故A正确;哺乳动物具有科学研究价值,故B 正确;所有动物与人类都有着直接或间接的关系,对人类有益的动物应加以保护,对人类有害的动物要合理的控制其数量而不是保护如鼠,故C错误;哺乳动物能维持生态系统的稳定性,故D正确。

外研版七年级下册Module8 Unit1---unit3考点测试题含答案

外研版七年级下册Module8 Unit1---unit3考点测试题含答案

Unit 1一、单项选择1. I decide _______ a birthday cake _______ my mother on her birthday.A. to buy; forB. to buy; toC. buying; toD. buying; for2. I ________ but found ________.A. looked at; nobodyB. looked for; anybodyC. looked around; nobodyD. looked into; anybody3. Do you often notice them ________ basketball on the playground?A. playB. playingC. to playD. played4. John, you must finish ________ the report before 10 o'clock.A. writeB. writingC. wroteD. to write5. It was ________ in the room and I couldn't see anything.A. darkB. beautifulC. clearD. fresh6. —Who is knocking________ the door?—Maybe it's a postman.A. toB. ofC. onD. for7. Tom was very________. He would like something to eat.A. tiredB. hungryC. littleD. alone8. I ________ watch TV last night. I ________ my grandma.A. didn't; visitedB. was; visitedC. did; visitD. am not; visited9. There is a picture on the ground. Please________.A. pick up itB. pick it upC. picked it upD. picked up it10. The old woman came to the big city and soon she got ________.A. lostB. losedC. losingD. lose11. There were a few bowls ________ some nice food ________ them.A. of; onB. with; inC. with; onD. in;of12. Lucy is writing to an American girl________Lily.A. callB. callsC. callingD. called13. Last week, students in Class 3________to the museum.A. decide to goB. decided to goC. decide goD. decided go14. The boy noticed a man ________ the house just now.A. to enteringB. to enterC. entersD. enter15. —Did you read a book called Jane Eyre?—No. Who________it?A. writesB. writeC. is writingD. wrote二、按要求完成下列句子。

北师大版七年级数学下册第一章学情评估 附答案 (2)

北师大版七年级数学下册第一章学情评估 附答案 (2)

北师大版七年级数学下册第一章学情评估一、选择题(本题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个是符合要求的)1.计算(-a2)3的结果是( )A.a5B.a6C.-a5D.-a62.计算:20·2-3等于( )A.-18B.18C.0 D.83.2022年6月5日10时44分,神舟十四号飞船成功发射,将陈冬、刘洋、蔡旭哲三位宇航员送入了中国空间站.已知中国空间站绕地球运行的速度约为7 700 m/s, 7 700用科学记数法可表示为( )A.77×102B.7.7×103C.0.77×103D.0.77×1044.下列计算正确的是( )A.a3+a3=a6B.(a3)2=a6C.a6÷a2=a3D.(ab)3=ab35.一个正方形的边长增加了2 cm,面积相应增加了32 cm2,则原正方形的边长为( )A.5 cm B.6 cmC.7 cm D.8 cm6.计算4m·8-1÷2m的结果为16,则m的值等于( )A.7 B.6C.5 D.47.下列四个等式:①5x2y4÷15xy=xy3;②16a6b4c÷8a3b2=2a3b2c;③9x 8y 2÷3x 2y =3x 4y ;④(12m 3-6m 2-4m )÷(-2m )=-6m 2+3m +2.其中正确的有( )A .0个B .1个C .2个D .3个8.下列各式中,能用完全平方公式计算的是( )A .(a -b )(-b -a )B .(-n 2-m 2)(m 2+n 2)C.⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12p +q ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫q +12p D .(2x -3y )(2x +3y )9.若(a +2b )2=(a -2b )2+A ,则A 等于( )A .8abB .-8abC .8b 2D .4ab 10.若a =-0.32,b =-3-2,c =⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-13-2,d =⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-130,则a ,b ,c ,d 的大小关系是( )A .a <b <c <dB .b <a <d <cC .a <d <c <bD .c <a <d <b二、填空题(本题共6小题,每小题3分,共18分)11.计算:2y (x -y )=__________.12.如果x +y =-1,x -y =8,那么代数式x 2-y 2的值是________.13.如果9x 2+kx +25是一个完全平方式,那么k 的值是________.14.若3x =a ,9y =b ,则3x -2y 的值为________.15.如图,长方形ABCD 的周长是12 cm ,以AB ,AD 为边向外作正方形ABEF 和正方形ADGH ,若正方形ABEF 和正方形ADGH 的面积之和为26 cm 2,那么长方形ABCD 的面积是____________.16.在一个数字九宫格中,当处于同一横行、同一竖列、同一斜对角线上的3个数之积都相等时称之为“积的九宫归位”.在如图的九宫格中,已填写了一些数或式子,为了完成“积的九宫归位”,则x 的值为____________.三、解答题(本题共6小题,共52分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(8分)化简:(1)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12ab ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫23ab 2-2ab +43b ;(2)x 2+(x +3)(2x -3)-x (x +2);(3)(a +b )(a -b )+4ab 3÷4ab ;(4)12⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x +12y 2+⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x -12y 2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x 2-14y 2.18.(8分)计算:(1)992;(2)2 0230-⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12-2+||-32;(3)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫14-2×(3-π)0+⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫123÷⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫122;(4)2 0232-2 022×2 024.19.(8分)先化简,再求值:(x -y 2)-(x -y )·(x +y )+(x +y )2,其中x =3,y =-13.20.(8分)(1)如图①所示的大正方形的边长为a ,小正方形的边长为b ,则阴影部分的面积是________________(写成平方差的形式);(2)若将图①中的阴影部分剪下来,拼成如图②所示的长方形,则阴影部分的面积是__________________(写成多项式相乘的形式);(3)比较两图中阴影部分的面积,可以得到的公式为__________________;(4)应用公式计算:⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1-122⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1-132⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1-142.21.(10分)将完全平方公式:(a±b)2=a2±2ab+b2适当变形,可以解决很多数学问题.例如:若a+b=3,ab=1,求a2+b2的值.解:因为a+b=3,所以(a+b)2=9,所以a2+b2+2ab=9.因为ab=1,所以a2+b2+2=9,所以a2+b2=7.根据上面的解题思路与方法,解决下列问题:(1)若x+y=8,x2+y2=40,求xy的值;(2)若(4-x)(5-x)=8,则(4-x)2+(5-x)2=____________;(3)如图,点C是线段AB上的一点,以AC,BC为边向两边作正方形,两正方形的面积分别为S1,S2.若AB=6,S1+S2=18,求图中阴影部分的面积.22.(10分)阅读:已知x2y=3,求2xy(x5y2-3x3y-4x)的值.分析:考虑到x,y的可能值较多,不能逐一代入求解,故考虑整体思想,将x2y=3整体代入.解:2xy(x5y2-3x3y-4x)=2x6y3-6x4y2-8x2y=2(x2y)3-6(x2y)2-8x2y=2×33-6×32-8×3=-24.你能用上述方法解决以下问题吗?试一试!(1)已知xy2=-2,求xy(x2y5-2xy3+3y)的值;(2)已知a2+a-1=0,求代数式a3+2a2+2 023的值.答案一、1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.B二、11.2xy -2y 212.-8 13.±30 14.a b 15.5 cm 2 16.-1三、17.解:(1)原式=⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12ab ·23ab 2+⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12ab ·(-2ab )+⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12ab ·43b =-13a 2b 3+a 2b 2-23ab 2. (2)原式=x 2+(2x 2-3x +6x -9)-(x 2+2x )=x 2+2x 2+3x -9-x 2-2x=2x 2+x -9.(3)原式=a 2-b 2+b 2=a 2.(4)原式=12⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫x 2+xy +14y 2+x 2-xy +14y 2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x 2-14y 2 =12×2⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫x 2+14y 2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫x 2-14y 2 =x 4-116y 4. 18.解:(1)原式=(100-1)2=10 000-200+1=9 801.(2)原式=1-4+32=29.(3)原式=16×1+12=332. (4)原式=2 0202-(2 023-1)×(2 023+1)=2 0232-(2 0232-1)=1.19.解:原式=x -y 2-x 2+y 2+x 2+2xy +y 2=x +2xy +y 2.当x =3,y =-13时,原式=3-2+19=109. 20.解:(1)a 2-b 2(2)(a +b )(a -b )(3)(a -b )(a +b )=a 2-b 2(4) ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1-122⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1-132⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1-142= ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1-12⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1+12· ⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1-13⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1+13⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1-14⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1+14 =12×32×23×43×34×54=12×54=58. 21.解:(1)因为 x +y =8,所以 (x +y )2=82=64,所以x 2+2xy +y 2=64.因为x 2+y 2=40,所以 2xy =x 2+2xy +y 2-(x 2+y 2)=64-40=24,所以 xy =12.(2)17(3)设AC 的长为a ,BC 的长为b ,所以AB =AC +BC =a +b =6,所以 (a +b )2=36.因为 S 1+S 2=18,所以 a 2+b 2=18,所以 2ab =(a +b )2-(a 2+b 2)=18,所以 12ab =92. 又因为四边形BCFG 是正方形,所以CF =CB ,∠ACF =90°,所以S 阴影=12AC ·CF =12AC ·BC =12ab =92. 22.解:(1)xy (x 2y 5-2xy 3+3y )=x 3y 6-2x 2y 4+3xy 2=(xy 2)3-2(xy 2)2+3xy 2=(-2)3-2×(-2)2+3×(-2) =-22.(2)因为a 2+a -1=0,所以a 2+a =1,所以a 3+2a 2+2 023=a (a 2+a )+a 2+2 023=a 2+a +2 023=1+2 023=2 024.北师大版七年级数学下册期末学情评估一、选择题(每题3分,共30分)1.下列运算正确的是( )A.a3·a4=a12B.2a5÷a=2a6C.(-ab3)2=a2b6D.3ab-2ab=12.目前已知自然界中最小的细胞是支原体,直径只有0.1~0.3μm,已知1μm =0.000 001m,则0.3μm用科学记数法可以表示为( )A.3×10-6m B.0.3×10-6mC.0.3×10-7m D.3×10-7m3.下列诗句所描述的事件中,不可能事件是( )A.黄河入海流B.手可摘星辰C.大漠孤烟直D.红豆生南国4.如图,直线a,b被直线c所截,下列不能判定直线a∥b的条件是( )A.∠3=∠4B.∠1=∠3C.∠1=∠4D.∠1+∠2=180°5.某天学校组织学生到市文化宫参观学习,早上,学生们乘客车从学校出发到市文化宫,匀速行驶一段时间后,途中遇到堵车,原地等了一会儿,然后客车加快速度行驶,按时到达市文化宫.参观学习后,客车匀速行驶返回.其中t 表示客车从学校出发后所用的时间,s表示客车离学校的距离.下面能反映s 与t之间关系的大致图象是( )6.关于x的多项式(x+2)(x-m)展开后,若常数项为6,则m的值为( ) A.6 B.-6C.3 D.-37.如图,在△ABC中,BF平分∠ABC,CF平分∠ACB,∠BFC=125°,则∠A的度数为( )A.60°B.80°C.70°D.45°8.端午节的早上,小丽妈妈买了八个粽子,其中有两个蜜枣的,如果她只吃一个粽子,那么她吃不到蜜枣粽子的概率是( )A.0 B.1C.14D.349.如图,BD为∠ABC的平分线,DE⊥BC于点E,AB=5,DE=2,则△ABD的面积是( )A.5 B.7C.7.5 D.10(第9题) (第10题)10.如图,在△ABC中,AD⊥BC,CE⊥AB,垂足分别为D、E,AD、CE交于点H,已知EH=EB=3,AE=4,则CH的长是( )A.12B.1 C.3 D.2二、填空题(每题3分,共15分)11.已知x+y=8,x-y=2,则x2-y2=______.12.小明在自家的院子里种下一棵小树苗,随着一天天过去,小树苗也一天天长高.小明详细记录了小树苗的生长过程,发现小树苗的高度h (cm)与时间t (个月)之间的关系如图所示,则小树苗种下3个月时的高度是______.13.如图,点A ,B ,C 在直线l 上,PB ⊥l ,PA =6,PB =5,PC =7,点P 到直线l 的距离是______.14.如图,在3×4的正方形网格中已有2个正方形涂灰,再选择一个正方形涂灰,使得3个涂灰的正方形组成轴对称图形,可选择的位置共有______处.15.如图,在△ABC 中,依次取AB 的中点D 1,AC 的中点D 2,AD 1的中点D 3,AD 2的中点D 4,…,并连接CD 1,D 1D 2,D 2D 3,D 3D 4,…,若△ABC 的面积是1,则△AD 2 022D 2 023的面积是______.三、解答题(一)(每题8分,共24分) 16.计算:(-1)2 023-(3.14-π)0×⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12-3.17.先化简,再求值:[](a-2b)2-(a-2b)(a+2b)+4b2÷(-2b),其中a=1,b=-2.18.如图,要在长方形木板上截去一个平行四边形,使它的一组对边在长方形木板的边缘上,另一组对边中的一条边为AB.请过点C画出与AB平行的另一条边CD.(要求:不写作法,但要保留作图痕迹)四、解答题(二)(每题9分,共27分)19.端午节,又称端阳节,是中国四大传统节日之一.赛龙舟是端午节重要的节日民俗活动,6月22日,时逢端午佳节,某地组织了“龙腾虎跃”龙舟竞渡大赛.甲、乙两队参加了比赛,两队在比赛时的路程y(米)与时间x(分钟)之间的关系如图所示,请你根据图象,回答下列问题:(1)图象中的自变量是______,因变量是______;(2)本次龙舟竞渡大赛的全程是______米,______队先到达终点;(3)比赛2分钟后,乙队的速度为______米/分;(4)甲队比乙队晚到几分钟?20.如图,在所给的网格图(每小格均为边长是1的正方形)中完成下列各题:(1)画出格点△ABC(顶点均在格点上)关于直线DE对称的△A1B1C1;(2)求△A1B1C1的面积;(3)在DE上画出点P,使PB+PC最小.(保留作图痕迹)21.如图,已知AB∥CD,AD与BC交于点F,点H在AD的延长线上,∠1=∠2.(1)判断BC与DE平行吗?为什么?(2)若∠1=110°,∠A=50°,求∠C的度数.五、解答题(三)(每题12分,共24分)22.在一个不透明的口袋中放入6个白球和14个红球,它们除颜色外其他完全相同.(1)求从口袋中随机摸出一个球是白球的概率;(2)现从口袋中取出若干个红球,并放入相同数量的白球,充分摇匀后,要使从口袋中随机摸出一个球是白球的概率是45,问取出了多少个红球?23.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠BAC=90°,AD⊥BC于点D,将边AB沿AD折叠,点B的对应点B′落在DC上.(1)利用尺规作出∠CAB′的平分线AP,交CD于点E,延长AB′到点F,使AF=AC,连接EF;(保留作图痕迹,不写作法)(2)判断(1)中EF与BC的位置关系,并说明理由;(3)在(1)的条件下,若AB=3,AC=4,求B′F的长.答案一、1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 提示:因为AD ⊥BC ,CE ⊥AB ,所以∠ADC =∠AEH =90°. 因为∠AHE =∠CHD , 所以易得∠HAE =∠BCE .因为在△HEA 和△BEC 中,⎩⎨⎧∠HAE =∠BCE ,∠AEH =∠CEB =90°,EH =EB ,所以△HEA ≌△BEC ,所以AE =EC =4, 所以CH =EC -EH =4-3=1.故选B. 二、 11.16 12.85 cm 13.5 14.715.122 023 提示:因为D 1是AB 的中点,△ABC 的面积是1, 所以△ACD 1的面积=12×△ABC 的面积=12.因为D 2是AC 的中点,所以△AD 1D 2的面积=12×△ACD 1的面积=12×12=122, 同理△AD 2D 3的面积=12×△AD 1D 2的面积=123,……则△AD n -1D n 的面积=12n ,所以△AD 2 022D 2 023的面积是122 023.故答案为122 023. 三、16.解:(-1)2 023-(3.14-π)0×⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫-12-3=-1-1×(-8)=-1+8=7.17.解:[](a -2b )2-(a -2b )(a +2b )+4b 2÷(-2b )=(a2-4ab+4b2-a2+4b2+4b2)÷(-2b)=(-4ab+12b2)÷(-2b)=2a-6b.当a=1,b=-2时,原式=2×1-6×(-2)=2+12=14.18.解:如图所示.四、19.解:(1)时间;路程(2)800;乙(3)240(4)由图象知甲队的速度为200米/分钟,甲队到达终点所用的时间为800÷200=4(分钟),乙队到达终点所用的时间为2+(800-360)÷240=236(分钟),4-236=16(分钟).答:甲队比乙队晚到16分钟.20.解:(1)如图①,△A1B1C1即所求.(2)S△A1B1C1=2×3-12×1×2×2-12×1×3=52.答:△A1B1C1的面积为5 2 .(3)如图②,点P即为所求.21.解:(1)BC∥DE,理由如下:因为∠1=∠BFD,∠1=∠2,所以∠BFD=∠2,所以BC∥DE.(2)因为∠1=110°,所以∠AFB=180°-∠1=70°.因为∠A=50°,所以在△ABF中,∠B=180°-∠A-∠AFB=60°.因为AB∥CD,所以∠C=∠B=60°.五、22.解:(1)因为口袋中共有6个白球和14个红球,所以一共有6+14=20(个)球,所以P(摸出白球)=620=310.答:从口袋中随机摸出一个球是白球的概率是3 10 .(2)设取出了x个红球.根据题意,得6+x20=45,解这个方程,得x=10.答:取出了10个红球.23.解:(1)作图如下.(2)EF⊥BC.理由如下:因为AP平分∠B′AC,所以∠CAE=∠FAE.因为AC=AF,AE=AE,所以△AEC≌△AEF,所以∠C=∠AFE.因为∠BAC=90°,所以∠B+∠C=90°,所以∠B+∠AFE=90°.因为将边AB沿AD折叠,点B的对应点B′落在DC上,所以∠B=∠AB′D=∠FB′E,所以∠FB′E+∠AFE=90°,所以∠B′EF=90°,所以EF⊥BC.(3)因为将边AB沿AD折叠,点B的对应点B′落在DC上,所以AB=AB′=3.因为AF=AC=4,所以B′F=AF-AB′=4-3=1.。

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单元评价检测(一)第六章(40分钟 100分)一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)1.“我们亚洲,山是高昂的头,我们亚洲,河像热血流……”听到这首《亚洲雄风》歌曲,我们的脑海中会涌现出亚洲山河的壮丽画卷。

下列有关亚洲景观的描述,正确的是()A.青藏高原是世界上最高的高原B.喜马拉雅山是世界上最长的山脉C.长江是世界第一长河D.里海是世界上面积最大的淡水湖2.(2012·随州学业考)读“亚洲范围略图”,判断下列说法正确的是()A.亚洲地形以平原为主,高原和山地面积较小B.图中a、b、c三处是亚洲人口最稠密的地区C.亚洲分布范围最广的气候类型是温带季风气候D.亚洲地跨热带、温带和寒带,是世界上跨纬度最广的大洲3.某大洲面积世界最大,地势中部高、四周低,河流呈放射状流向周边的海洋,该大洲是()A.大洋洲B.欧洲C.亚洲D.非洲4.2012年6月29日10时,“神舟九号”飞船返回舱成功降落在内蒙古中部的主着陆场预定区域。

该着陆场所在地的气候是()A.温带季风气候B.温带大陆性气候C.高原山地气候D.热带沙漠气候5.(2012·葫芦岛学业考)影响亚洲河流流向的主要因素是()A.地形B.植被C.气候D.海陆位置6.亚洲、欧洲流经国家最多的国际性河流分别是()A.阿姆河、多瑙河B.长江、莱茵河C.湄公河、多瑙河D.锡尔河、莱茵河下图显示为某大洲不同海拔高度的陆地占全洲面积的比例,读图完成7、8题。

7.据图可知该大洲的地形应以()A.高原为主 B.山地为主C.丘陵为主 D.平原为主8.该大洲应是()A.欧洲 B.北美洲 C.非洲 D.南美洲9.欧洲西部的气候深受大西洋影响的原因是()A.东临大西洋,纬度位置适中B.海岸线曲折,各地距海都不远C.多南北走向的山脉,有利于暖湿空气抬升D.位于东风带,又有北大西洋暖流经过读非洲图,回答10~14题。

10.非洲的临海①是()A.太平洋B.大西洋C.印度洋D.北冰洋11.②是()A.巴拿马运河 B.直布罗陀海峡C.白令海峡 D.苏伊士运河12.下列关于河流③⑥的叙述正确的是()A.③河为尼罗河注入红海B.③河为尼罗河注入地中海C.⑥河为刚果河注入太平洋D.⑥河为刚果河注入印度洋13.下列各地中,气候的垂直地带性最明显的是()A.② B.③ C.⑤ D.⑥14.小薇暑假随父母去非洲旅游,到了⑥地时会看到()A.很热,滴雨未下,满眼是一望无际的沙漠B.阳光明媚,种植着葡萄、柑橘等作物C.很闷热,几乎天天下雨,到处是茂密的森林D.正值冬季,千里冰封,万里雪飘“有一个大洲,那里有世界上最广阔的热带雨林区,有世界上最长的山脉,有世界上最大的高原”,据此回答15、16 题。

15.该大洲是()A.亚洲 B.非洲 C.北美洲 D.南美洲16.下列关于该大洲叙述正确的是()①巴西是该大洲工农业最发达的国家②墨西哥是该洲石油最丰富的国家③该大洲等同于拉丁美洲④该大洲是世界上种族成分最复杂的大洲A.①② B.③④ C.②③ D.①④17.下面是几位同学对美洲地理特征的描述,其中错误的是()A.小明:人们在美洲大陆中部开凿了巴拿马运河,习惯上以它作为划分南、北美洲的界线B.小玲:科迪勒拉山系纵贯美洲大陆西部C.小兰:南美洲以温带大陆性气候为主,热带气候缺失D.小华:经济发展不平衡,美国、加拿大为发达国家,其余均为发展中国家18.(2012·兰州学业考)下列地形区与所在的大洲组合正确的是()A.刚果盆地——南美洲B.安第斯山脉——非洲C.阿尔卑斯山脉——北美洲D.青藏高原——亚洲(2012·惠州学业考)读“七大洲”图,完成19、20题。

19.北美洲和南美洲的东部是()A.北冰洋B.印度洋C.大西洋D.太平洋20.下列有关各大洲说法错误的是()A.亚洲地势中部高,四周低B.欧洲是发达国家集中的地区C.非洲是黑色人种的故乡D.南极洲是跨纬度最多的大洲二、综合题(共60分)21.(2012·济宁学业考)读“亚洲简图”,完成下列各题。

(15分)(1)亚洲的大陆部分与______洲的大陆部分组成了世界上最大的大陆。

(3分)(2)亚洲是世界上跨纬度最广的大洲,请据图估算亚洲南北所跨的纬度大约是______度。

(3分)(3)王明同学通过图中信息,判断亚洲的地势特点是“中部高,四周低”,他判断的依据是____________________。

(3分)(4)图中阴影区大部分属于温带大陆性气候,下列______图基本反映了这种气候类型的气温和降水的年变化状况(3分)()(5)甲、乙、丙、丁四地,在一年中自然景观变化最小的是(3分)()A.甲B.乙C.丙D.丁22.读“非洲气候图”,完成下列各题。

(14分)(1)甲、乙两图中,_______图符合非洲面积最大的气候类型的气温和降水特征。

(2分)(2)赤道附近出现高山高原气候主要是受_______(纬度、海陆、地形)因素影响。

(2分)(3)河流D是_______,它比C河流水量大得多,主要原因是(4分):_______ ___________________________________________________________________。

(4)从图上可知,非洲大陆的气候分布特点是(2分)___________________________________________________________________。

(5)非洲被称为“热带大陆”的主要原因是(2分):___________________________________________________________________。

(6)把影响非洲发展的三大主要问题填入图中方框内:①人口问题②粮食问题③环境问题。

右图中自上而下应填写的内容,组合正确的是(2分)()A.①②③B.①③②C.②③①D.③②①23.读“南北美洲图”,回答下列问题。

(15分)(1)图甲中字母A是_____________山脉,此山脉属于________山系的一部分。

字母C是_______河,该河流注入______湾。

由图上可以看出,北美洲地形的分布特点是____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________。

(5分)(2)图乙中世界最长的山脉⑤是_______;②是________(地形区),主要位于__________(国家)境内,该国首都迁建在该高原上的自然原因是(4分)____ ___________________________________________________________________。

(3)为什么图乙中③④两种气候类型仅局限在太平洋沿岸狭长的地带?(2分)(4)图乙中①河是世界上水量最大的河流,试从地形和气候两个方面分析其原因。

(4分)24.某中学地理兴趣小组拟探究“亚欧大陆气候类型分布模式”,下面是该小组的探究程序,请你与该小组一道完成探究过程。

(16分)探究主题:亚欧大陆气候类型分布模式探究资料:图甲【尝试探究】(8分)(1)纬度位置对气候类型的影响:赤道地区为热带雨林气候。

(2)海陆位置对亚欧大陆中纬度地带气候类型的影响。

大陆西岸:北纬30°~40°为A__________________气候;北纬40°~60°为B__________________气候。

大陆中部:温带大陆性气候。

大陆东岸:北纬35°~55°为C__________________气候。

【归纳总结】(2分)气候类型的分布,可以从纬度、海陆等方面分析。

请将代表A、C两种气候类型的字母分别填写到图乙中,完成“亚欧大陆气候类型分布模式图”。

【拓展延伸】(6分)(1)图丙为某地区气候类型分布,请根据亚欧大陆气候类型分布模式图判断:①_________气候,②__________气候(2)该地区东部与亚洲东部相比,季风特征不显著,试分析其原因。

答案解析1.【解析】选A。

世界上最长的山脉是安第斯山脉;世界第一长河是尼罗河;世界最大的淡水湖是苏必利尔湖。

2.【解析】选D。

亚洲地形以高原和山地为主;图中a处为热带沙漠气候,炎热干燥,人口稀疏;亚洲分布最广的气候类型是温带大陆性气候。

3.【解析】选C。

亚洲地势中高周低,河流呈放射状。

大洋洲地势东西高,中间低;欧洲地势南北高,中间低;非洲地势东南高,西北低。

4.【解析】选B。

内蒙古中部深居内陆,属于温带大陆性气候。

5.【解析】选A。

受亚洲地势中部高、四周低的影响,亚洲的河流大多呈放射状流向四周的海洋。

6.【解析】选C。

湄公河在我国叫澜沧江,流出我国后经缅甸、老挝、泰国、柬埔寨、越南,注入太平洋,是亚洲流经国家最多的国际性河流。

多瑙河发源于德国,流经九个国家,注入黑海,是欧洲流经国家最多的国际性河流。

7、8.【解析】7选D,8选A。

本题组主要考查各地形类型的海拔高度及各大洲的地形特征。

第7题,占比例最大的是海拔小于200米的平原地形。

第8题,欧洲是世界上海拔最低的大洲,地形以平原为主。

9.【解析】选B。

欧洲西部有世界上典型的温带海洋性气候。

其形成的原因是西临大西洋,纬度位置适中;海岸线曲折,各地距海都不远;多东西走向的山脉,有利于暖湿空气抬升;位于西风带,又有北大西洋暖流经过。

10~14.【解析】10选B,11选D,12选B,13选C,14选C。

非洲东临印度洋、西临大西洋、北临地中海,与亚洲的陆上分界线是苏伊士运河。

⑥刚果河自东向西注入大西洋,③尼罗河自南向北注入地中海。

非洲最高的山脉乞力马扎罗山位于赤道附近,山下植被茂密,山顶积雪覆盖,垂直地带性明显。

⑥地是赤道附近的热带雨林气候区,气候终年炎热多雨,分布有广阔的热带雨林。

15、16.【解析】15选D,16选D。

世界上最广阔的热带雨林区,世界上最长的山脉,世界上最大的高原都分布在南美洲。

南美洲工农业最发达的国家是巴西,墨西哥是北美洲的国家,拉丁美洲是美国以南的美洲部分,南美洲属于其范围内的一部分,南美洲是世界上种族成分最复杂的大洲。

17.【解析】选C。

首先,认真审题,题干问的是“错误的”选项。

A、B、D选项的叙述都正确; C选项中,分布在南美洲的气候中,热带雨林气候、热带草原气候分布广泛。

因为南美洲大陆位于南纬54°以北,没有寒带,所以,寒带气候缺失。

小兰的叙述是错误的。

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