新职业英语1 Unit5

课文A 国际贸易

每当我们走进商店、餐馆、剧院或者任何别的商业场所进行消费的时候，我们就在进行交易。从根本上说，国际贸易同我们在国内进行的贸易并无差别。理解贸易的关键是牢记贸易发生的原因。不管是哪里的人，他们进行贸易的理由是因为他们相信通过贸易可以获益。当我们想想另一种选择，即我们每个人都自给自足，那么贸易的意义就更容易理解了。

通过进出口可以创造出更加多样化的商品和服务，因为各个国家都可以专注于自己最有优势的产品。一个国家通过专门生产自己生产效率最高的商品，就能提高产量，就有机会来提高销量，并增加利润。更多的利润则可转化为员工更高的工资和对工厂及设备更多的投资。进出口也会为消费者提供更多廉价的商品。我们可以用绝对优势和相对优势的经济学原理来解释贸易带来的好处。假设有一名律师和一名法律助理，如果这个律师准备案情摘要或打印信件所花费的时间比法律助理少，那么用经济学术语来说，该律师在准备案情摘要和打印信件方面都拥有“绝对优势”。如果到此为止，我们就有可能会说这个律师两件事都应该做，因为他这两方面都更在行。

按照相对优势的原理，该律师应专注于发挥其最强项——打官司，而法律助理则应专注于打印信件。如果各取所长，他们实际的工作效率会比各自都做这两项工作要高。通过专门从事各自最擅长的事情，然后以自己的产品去换取所需，双方均可获益。

通过国际贸易，不同国家得以用自己最高效生产的产品去换取别国最高效生产的产品。市场上的消费者越多，每个国家专营自己优势产品的能力就越强。需要着重强调的是，律师和法律助理都会从专业化分工和贸易中获益。同样，国际贸易对所有参与国来说都是一个双赢的局面。

P71 Task 2

经买卖双方同意成交下列商品，订立条款如下：

This contract is made by and agreed between the BUYER and SELLER, in accordance with

the terms and conditions stipulated below:

唛头

Marks and Numbers 品名

Description of

Goods

数量

Quantity

单价

Unit Price

总值Total Value

装运期

Shipment Date

P76

Task 4

Model 1: the lawyer, less time, type letters, than the assistant It takes the lawyer less time to type letters than it

does the assistant.

1. the manager, a whole afternoon, explain the new company

regulations

It took the manager a whole afternoon to explain the new

company regulations.

2. the government, several weeks, calm down the angry workers .

It took the government several weeks to calm down the angry

workers.

3. Jimmie, a whole day, figure out the complex situation .

It took Jimmie a whole day to figure out the complex situation.

Task 5

Model 2:

There are many consumers in the market. The ability of each country to specialize in what it does best becomes great.

The more consumers there are in the market, the greater the ability of each country to specialize in what it does best.

1. She works hard. She makes achievement.

The harder she works, the better achievement she makes.

2. There were many fans in the hall. The player felt excited.

The more fans there were in the hall, the more excited the

player felt.

3. The questions are difficult. I’m not likely to be able to answer

them.

The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am able

to answer them.

Task 5 Translate the following into English using the given words or phrases.

1. 他们的境况比我们的好。(better off)

They’re better off than we are.

2. 为那件事哭泣没有意义。(make sense)

Crying for that matter does not make any sense./Crying for

that matter makes no sense.

3. 据说游泳对身体健康有极大好处。(benefit)

It is said that swimming brings great benefit to our health.

4. 他认为自己的想法是绝对的真理。(absolute)

He believed his idea to be absolute truth.

5. 老师不太相信乔治的借口。(be inclined to)

The teacher wasn’t inclined to believe George’s excuse.

6. 我方何时能收到你方的确认函？(confirmation)

When can we receive your letter of confirmation?

7. 如果你能接受合同中的条款，请在此签名。(terms and conditions)

If you can accept the terms and conditions of the contract,

please sign your name here.

8. 根据你方要求，现寄上衬衫样品。( in accordance with)

In accordance with your request, we are sending you the shirt

samples.