电子专业英语lesson18-Microwave Ovens
(完整版)电子技术专业英语
1、汉译英1)直流电路direct current circuits2)放大器（扩音器）amplifier3)模拟电子技术analog electronics4)半导体二极管semiconductor diode5)晶体管效应transistor effect6)微处理器microprocessor7)电气工程electrical engineering8)能源工程（或电力工程）power engineering9)通信工程telecommunications engineering10)内部器件internal devices11)电子元件electrical components12)欧姆定律Ohm law13)限制电流limit current14)分压器voltage divider15)晶体管偏置电路transistor biasing circuits16)阻碍电流block DC current17)存储点能store electrical energy18)感抗inductive reactance19)绝缘材料insulating material20)交流阻抗AC resistancea)通用仪表general-purpose meterb)模拟仪表analog meterc)交换测试笔reverse the test leadsd)机械调节mechanical adjuste)测量电阻measure resistancef)正向电压positive voltageg)测量电流measure currenth)电压幅度voltage amplitudei)双踪示波器dual-trace oscilloscopej)信号发生器signal generator21)PN结PN junction22)三极管bipolar transistor23)电子和空穴electron and hole24)稳压电源electronic power supply或steady DC voltage source25)桥式整流器bridge rectifier26)脉冲直流电pulsating DC27)二极管的正极anode of diode28)峰值电压peak voltage29)电容滤波器capacitor filter30)充电和放电charge and discharge31)稳压管Zener diode32)电器电子工程师学会IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)33)专业技术组织technical professional association34)基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s V oltage Law35)电压源voltage sources36)电荷守恒定律the law of conservation of electric charge37)在每一瞬时at every instant of time38)元件两端的电压voltages across elements39)无线电传输radio transmission40)频率调制或调频frequency modulation41)频域the frequency domain42)线性电阻linear resistor43)调幅波形amplitude modulation wave44)专用集成电路（ASIC）45)快速时间响应fast response time46)有效信号valid signal47)十进制数字系统decimal system48)逻辑运算logic operation1)控制信号线the control bus2)中断线interrupt lines1)结构化语言structured language2)局部变量local variables3)副作用side effect4)汇编语言指令assembly language instructions1)静止图像still image2)阴极射线管，显像管CRT or the cathode ray tube3)像素pixel4)电子束electron beam2、英译汉1)assembler language汇编语言2)alternating current circuits交流电路3)passive electrical circuits无源电路4)three phase circuits三相电路5)digital electronics数字电子技术6)logic gates逻辑门7)3D virtual reality image三维虚拟图像8)computer programming计算机编程9)major in（在大学里）主修10)advanced programming techniques高级编程技术1)known as capacitive reactance称为容抗2)with units ohms单位为欧姆3)prevent device from burning out防止器件烧掉4)has an AC resistance to AC current对交流电流由阻抗5)adjustment with a screw用一个螺丝调节6)in the shape of a cylinder 呈圆柱形式7)block DC current，but pass AC current阻直流通交流8)to vary the inductance改变电感9)be given by the formula 由公式给出10)the RF amplifier 音频放大器1)analog multimeter模拟万用表2)extended range扩展范围3)specific meters特殊仪表4)includes the function and range switches具有功能及范围选择旋钮5)present an electronic picture呈现一幅电子图像6)display the voltage waveform显示电压波形7)appear on the screen在屏幕上出现8)phase relationships相位关系9)an example例如，作为一个例子10)in series with the circuit串连接入电路1)Semiconductor material半导体材料2)forward biased正向偏置3)depend on the external circuit resistance取决于外部电路的电阻4)excessive reverse-biased voltage过高的反偏电压5)is directly proportional to the amount ofbase current是正比于基极电流6)may even appear almost as a short几乎可看成是短路7)cause stability problems for a transistorcircuit引起晶体管电路的稳定性问题8)digital technology数字技术9)the most popular technology最常用的技术10)use two complementary typeset oftransistors N-channel and P-channel用两种互补型的晶体管——N沟道和P沟道1)equipment operation设备的运行2)device that converts AC into DC把交流电转换成直流电的器件3)the power lines电源线4)depending on the value of DC voltageneeded 根据所需要的直流电压值5) a half-wave rectifier平波整流器6)so as to produce a constant DC output从而产生一个稳定的直流输出7)in the negative side of the capacitor在电容的负极8)flow through the load流过负载9)in the forward-biased condition在加正向偏置电压的条件下10) a series（current-limiting）resistor一个串联（限制电流）电阻1)current source电流源2)under this circumstance在这种情况下3)present the second of Kirchhoff’s laws给出基尔霍夫第二定律4)introduce the concept of a “loop”引入“回路”的概念5)An alternative statement of KVLKVL的另一种表述法6)voltages algebraically sum电压代数和7)sinusoidal steady-syate response正弦稳态响应8)ordinary household voltage日常用电的电压9)time-invariant circuit时不变电路10)percentage of modulation调制百分比reduce the power consumption减小消耗功率flip-flop 触发器the octal and hexadecimal systems当时钟脉冲信号来到时改变状态①直流电路direct current circuits②放大器（扩音器）amplifier③欧姆定律Ohm law④正极positive electrode⑤充电与放电Charge and discharge⑥无线电传输Radio transmission⑦模拟仪表Analogue Meters⑧模拟电子技术analog electronics⑨半导体二极管semiconductor⑩晶体管效应transistor effect⑪微处理器microprocessor⑫通信工程telecommunications engineering ⑬汇编语言assembler language⑭电子元件electrical components⑮限制电流limit current⑯分压器voltage divider⑰偏置电路biasing circuits⑱阻碍电流block DC current⑲感抗inductive reactance⑳容抗capacitive21正向电压positive voltage22扩展范围extended range23电压波形voltage waveform24连接入电路in series with the circuit25PN结PN junction 26三极管bipolar transistor27电子与空穴electron and hole28半导体材料semiconductor material29正向偏置forward biased30数字技术digital technology31桥式整流器bridge rectifier32稳压管Zener diode33电源线the power lines34在电容的负极in the negative side of the capacitor 在加正向偏置的条件下in the forward-biased condition一个串联电阻 a series (current-limiting)resistor35电压源voltage sources36在每一瞬时at every instant of time37无线电传输radio transmission38频率调制或调频frequency modulation39快速时间响应fast response time40有效信号valid signal41结构化语言structured language42局部变量local variables43副作用side effect44静止图像still image45阴极射线管pixel46电子束electron beam1.resistors are used to limit current flowing to adevice ,thereby preventing it from burning out, as voltage dividers to reduce voltage for other circuits, as transistor biasing circuits, and to serve as circuit loads.电阻常用做限流器，限制流过器件的电流防止烧坏器件，电阻也可用作分压器，以减小其他电路电压，还可以用在晶体管偏执电路中和作为电路负载。
电子科学与技术专业英语微电子技术分册部分单词
子技术分册部分单词子技术分册部分单词缩略词：BJT 双极结型晶体管 Bipolar Junction TransistorLED 发光二极管 Light Emitting DiodeMOS 金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管 Metal Oxide SemiconductorFET 场效应晶体管 Filed Effect Transistorbcc 体心立方 Body-centered cubicfcc 面心立方 Face-centered cubicSOI Silicon-On-Insulator绝缘层上硅结构CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition化学气相淀积+ plus/positive - negative * minus / negativeX2 X square the square root of X3 x cube the cubic root of X y X to the yth单词：Semiconductor半导体transition 跃迁Conductivit电导率diffusivity piecewise 分段扩散率 resistivity 电阻率diffusivity 扩散系数Bipolar transistor 双极型晶体管 step junction 突变结Rectifie整流器 metallurgical junction 合金结Photodiode 光电二极管 fermi level 费米能级Leakage current 漏电流exponential 指数的Silicon dioxide 二氧化硅 dopant 掺杂Lattice 晶格dielectric 电解质 dislodge 移出Unit cell 晶胞 Facet 晶面bonding 键合phonon 声子Lattice constant 晶格常数 tetrahedral 四面体的 Diamond lattice 金刚石晶格Level energy 能级 Miller indices 弥勒指数 acoustic 声学的Hole 空穴lifetime 寿命Permittivity 介电常数continuity equation连续方程Covalent bonding 共价键 impurity 杂质Conduct/valence band 导带，价带device 装置，器件Effective density of states 有效态密度 magnetic 有磁性的Intrinsic 本征的 illumination 照明 silicon ，gallium，germanium，gallium arsenideExtrinsic 非本征的 reciprocal 倒数，相反的Carrier 载流子 agitation 激动，搅拌Bandgap 能带间隙 incremental 增加的Mass action law 质量作用定律excitation 激发Donor acceptor 施主受主Injection 注入collision 冲突，抵触impact ionization 碰撞电离superimposed 叠加sufficient 充分的Scatter 散射Drift 漂移 succession 连续的 drift velocity 漂移速度Mean free time /path 平均自由时间/程Mobility 迁移率saturation 饱和Recombination 复合 spatial 空间overwhelm vt.压倒；淹没；受打击 Decay 衰减Abrupt 突变 derivative 衍生物bias 偏见 gradient 梯度；magnitude 量级 Direct Recombination 直接复合Photoconductivity 光电导 potential barrier [物] 势垒；[电子] 位垒;voltmeter 电压计quantitative 定量的amplification 放大（率steady state 恒稳态;transient state 瞬态；过渡状态; qualitative .定性的rectification n. [电] 整流 equilibrium condition 平衡态endeavor 努力 conceive 设想；考虑 ; postulate.假定 unfolding 演变; Prime n. 初期； Primitive 原始的，简单的，粗糙的; artistic adj. 艺术的；supervisor n. 监督人，管理人；检查员;Instinct n. 本能，直觉 analog n.模拟；类似物analytical adj. 分析的 genuine adj. 真实的，真正的 inferior n. 下级；次品 acronym n. 首字母缩略词; insofar as 在…的范围内；到…程度; embodimentn. 体现；化身；具体化 ;proliferate vi. 增殖；扩散；激增vt.使激增;constantly adv. 不断地；时常地; complementary adj. 补足的，补充的; dissipation n.浪费；消散；[物] 损耗; vehicle n. [车辆] 车辆；工具；交通工具；传播媒介Parallelepiped n. 平行六面体; metallurgical adj. 冶金的；冶金学的; Pedestal n. 基架，基座； analogous adj. 类似的；可比拟的; Ambiguity n.含糊；不明确； retain vt.保持；雇；记住; Resemblance n. 相似；相似之处prototypical adj. 原型的；典型的; Parasitic adj. 寄生的（等于parasitical）;Vestigial adj. 退化的；残余的；发育不全的;parallel n. 平行线平行的 Grooves n. 细槽，凹槽simultaneously同时发生地 remnant n. 剩余adj. 剩余的;Mount n. 山峰；底座； Acknowledge 承认; disturbance 干扰; inevitable 不可避免的;inherent 固有的; subsume 把。
电子科学与技术专业英语资料
电子科学与技术专业英语复习资料一，单词翻译（20 分）heterojunction collector junction发射结emitter junction 基区base region肖特基接触schottky contact 复合recombination固相扩散Solid phase diffusion 多晶硅polycrystalline微波器件microwave devices 损耗depletion漏电流leakage current 多数载流子majority - carrier少数载流子minority - carrier 封装package电阻resistance 电流current电流密度current density 电压voltage输入端input port 输出端output port近红外near-infrared 紫外ultraviolet传输模式transport form 饱和电流saturation currents光学吸收optical absorption 受激辐射stimulated emission自发辐射spontaneous emission二、阅读理解（20 分）三、段落翻译（40 分）1、The unfolding story of solid-state electronics can be told rather completely in terms of evolving fabrication technology, constantly expanding the number of options available to the device and integrated-circuit designer. It was for technological reasons that an early and important kind of BJT was a germanium PNP device. The term PNP labels the conductivity types of the three regions within a BJT, regions separated by two PN junctions. In later years, and again partly for technological reasons, the dominant BJT was a silicon NPN device. In integrated circuits today, the combination of silicon NPN and PNP devices is a growing practice because the resulting complementary circuits have important power-dissipation and performance advantages. For convenience and consistency, however, and because of its continuing importance, the silicon NPN BJT will be the vehicle for this chapter.根据制备技术的进化，给器件和集成电路设计者的可用选择数不断扩展，使得固态电子学的演变故事可以描述得更为完整。
专业英语作业标准答案
专业英语作业集选择题Part I. Choose the right meaning of the underlined part according to the context.1.…in the developing countries, the availability of cheap labor lured many companiesinto building new factories and assembly plants. A2.At international level, various attempts have been made to regulate the activities of themultinational. C3.SKF immediately started feeding it with export orders and continued until the domesticmarket picked up again. B4.…these foreign giants will take over smaller com panies and gradually dominate animportant industry. C5.The danger of this kind of domination is perfectly exemplified by a controversialtakeover which occurred in France. B6. Sometimes, the flow of funds causes disastrous fluctuations in the exchange rate oftheir currencies. D7. Arguing against multinationals, cities cry in shrill tones that these organizationsengage in anti-competitive activities… A8. Those speaking for the defense see … and bringing much needed resources, expertiseand employment to the host countries. D9. At the same time, the company has sought to pull its shares out of a multiyear slump.B10. Last year, it finally appeared that the $19 billion manufacturer of microchips,microwave ovens and … was making headway. B11. And during Sadao Kondo’s two-year tint as company president, Sanyo Electric trimmedsome $250 million from the company’s overhead by shutting d own unprofitable product lines..A 12. …the company announced that some 180,000 refrigerators had f aulty doors and wouldbe recalled. D13. … however, publicity about two defective products had taken a toll on Sanyo’s imagein the eye of Japan’s quality-conscious consumers….. B14. Sanyo is a good company caught in a tough global environment. D15. ―Kuwano’s technical background is unique for a consumer appliance manufacturer.‖Offers Hitsohi Kuriyama, who covers Sanyo for Merrill Lynch in Tokyo. D16. Sanyo officials are reluctant to make sweeping projections for the business. B17. While its bigger competitors were building brand image with high-visibility products,Sanyo failed to develop that killer product or technology. A18. We believe the new plant will add $150 million to Sanyo’s total sales during its firstyear and break even or perhaps generate a profit of $10 million. C19. The airplane is large enough to accommodate 700 passengers. D20. The general manager was very glad that the board meeting passed off without a hitch.B21. He stayed at a five-star hotel which befitted a person in his position. A22. The day when penicillin was discovered is considered as a marker in the medical history. D23. It suddenly occurred to me that we should make a new plan before negotiation. C24. They spent almost one hour unloading the parcels from the truck. A25. She married him because she could not resist the lure of his money. A26. He showed his frank opinion, saying that my plan won’t succeed. B27. The airline carries freight only; it has no passenger service. C28. After John left school, he found a job delivering newspapers to the local residents. B29. Meanwhile, statistics suggest that this year’s inflation rate will drop sharply. C30. Retailers already feel the pinch. A31. America’s debt burden is not concentrated in one or two isolated pockets of the population, it’s pandemic. A单词英译中，中译英Part II. Translate the following terms from English to Chinese or from Chinese to English.global corporation 全球化公司economic boom 经济繁荣joint-venture 合资ownership 所有权headquarters 总部entrepreneur 企业家equity 资产bargaining power 谈判力overhead 企业一般管理费用stock options 股权performance-based pay 基于绩效的报酬consumer appliance 消费类家电competitive edge 竞争优势policy-holder 投保人personal effects 个人财产natural calamities 自然灾害insurance premium 保险费用insurance companies 保险公司insurance contracts 保险合同insurance amount 保险金额insurance coverage保险承保范围marine coverage 海险salvage charge 救助费用general average 共同海损commission 佣金make decisions 决策containerization 集装箱运输mass production 大规模生产food chain 食物链venture capital 风险资本distributor 分销商chain stores 连锁商店phone interview 电话访谈selling point 卖点vending machine 售货机billboard 广告牌promotion 促销cinema commercials 电影商业广告片leaflet 宣传传单poster 海报zero-sum game 零和游戏search engine 搜索引擎stock prices 股市行情financial crisis 金融危机business model 商业模式electronic commerce (e-commerce) 电子商务globalization 全球化intellectual capital 知识资本，智力资本national asset 国有资产阅读Part III. Reading comprehension.Passage 1 IBM’s E-Ads Compute with Consumers The most overused word in marketing these days is ―brand‖. Every company claims that its advertising is all about brand-building, but few companies actually succeed.A prominent exception is IBM, International Business Machines. Since 1994, when it fired its 40 ad agencies worldwide and consolidated its account at Ogilvy & Mather, BigBlue1. The author uses ―Marlboro Country‖ and ―McDonaldland‖ to _____ C ____.2. The world ―cement‖ in the last sentence of paragraph 4 means to ____ A ___.3. When you have problems concerning e-business, you should turn to ___ B ___ for help.4. The secret of IBM’s success in ads is ______ A _____.5. The last paragraph tells us that the real success of a business depends on ____ D ____.Passage 2 Greenwich Mean TimeHow did the name of a pleasant part of London situated by the River Thames become synonymous with international time keeping? The reasons go back into history. Thousands of years ago, people had no reason to divide their lives into hours and minutes. Their time was the movement of the sun, which created day and night, and the rhythm of the seasons. But, as human societies became more complex, this pleasant state of affairs –or so it appears to modern clock watchers –was a handicap to trade and effective government. Gradually, a 24-hour1. Why was a national standard time established? B2. Greenwich Mean Time ___ C ____.3. In 1912 an international conference decided that ____ C ____.4. Recent scientific discoveries show that _____ C _____.5. The purpose of this passage is to _____ A _____.Passage 3 From Cattle to CashIn Europe and Asia the first ―medium of exchange‖or ―standard of value‖was not gold or silver, but cattle (the Spanish words relating to cattle, pecuniario, and to money, pecuniario, both have the same root). In other parts of the world, however, such different commodities as salt, shells, stones and cocoa beans were all used as ―money‖. They all offered advantages over the barter system (the direct exchange of goods), but none of them was perfect. Some were too heavy, some could not be divided into small enough parts, (how much of a cow would you need to buy a piece of cheese?) some were not permanent enough. The solution was money as we know it, that is, money in the form of coins.The invention of coins appears to have occurred almost simultaneously but quite independent in ancient Greece and in China in about 700 B.C. The reason why historians believe the development was independent is because of the notable differences in the two systems. In Greece, a natural alloy of gold and silver called ―electrum‖ occurred in rivers in nugget form. The first coins were taken out of these nuggets with a tool called a punch. In order to distinguish these coins from gold ornaments, a design, or ―type‖, to use the technical numismatic (钱币学)1. According to this passage, all of the following have been used as money except _D ___.2. The invention of coins is thought to have taken place in _____ B ____.3. What distinguishes traditional Chinese coins from Western ones? D4. The title ―From Cattle to Cash‖ conveys the message that _____ C ______.5. The author’s tone is ______ A ____.Passage 4 Radio TelescopesRadio astronomy has greatly increased our understanding of the universe. Radio telescopes have one big advantage over conventional telescopes in that they can operate in all weather conditions and can pick up signals coming from very distant stars. These signals are produced by colliding stars or nuclear reactions in outer space. The most powerful signals that have been emitted by that seem to be truly colossal (巨大的)1. What is the main subject of the passage? D2. According to the passage, one of the big advantages of radio telescopes over conventional telescopes is that ____ D ______.3. The most powerful signals have been sent by ____ C ___.4. The result of the understanding of these signals may ____ C ____.5. It can be inferred from the last few sentences of the passage that ___ B ____.Passage 5 Nervous GuestAnybody who does not like dogs and comes to visit me at home would certainly feel very uncomfortable. Why? Because not only do I have three dogs, but each of their characters is very different.Once a friend of mine came to visit me. As soon as he started to approach the front door the dogs immediately began to bark very loudly from inside the house, thanks to their highly efficient sense of smell. It was as if to announce to the host that the guest had arrived!When my friend heard the dogs’barks he turned pale with fright and hesitated, not knowing whether or not he should continue as far as the door. After a little while he plucked up the courage to knock on the door. When I opened the door, I just saw him jump back a few feet as if several big ferocious dogs were about to attack him. However, when he only saw three over-friendly little white dogs his face went purple!Then my friend cautiously entered the house. In the kitchen he very politely chose to sit in the oldest chair. However, when he did, one of my dogs began to growl at him. The chair had always been that dog’s favorite and he usually never let people sit in it! I felt incredibly embarrassed but no sooner had I started to explain than one of my other dogs jumped up on his lap and began to lick his face like a lunatic. This really made him feel uncomfortable! A nervous smile appeared on my friend’s face, and he most certainly must have felt tense.After this bombardment (轰击)1. Owing to __ B ___, the dogs immediately ran out of the house and shouted at the guest.2. After his meeting with the dogs, the friend ___ A ___ whether to enter the house or not.3. The friend became __ D ____ when he entered the house.4. The narrator ____ A ____ about the dogs’ behavior.5. What does the sentence ―love me love my dogs‖ suggest in the end of the passage?CPassage 6 The Police ComputerIn Chicago, police computers turn out daily, weekly, and monthly reports that hardlygive crooks breathing time before special details are tracking them down. Last spring, for example, two armed robbers pulled five holdups (拦截行人的强盗行为)puters can be used to ____D_______.2.A large number of cities are beginning to ______A______.3.From the passage, we have learned that _____B_______.4.What can the police computer in St. Louis do? _____C______5.What’s the use of putting the car license numbers of dangerous criminals intocomputers? DPassage 7 The Post-crisis Economics of Southeast Asia The post-crisis economics of Southeast Asia, which rebounded strongly in 1999 from their 1998 recessions, are off to another year growth with generally tame inflation. However, individual performance is varied, depending on the contribution of electronics exports and the degree of recovery in domestic demand. Also, the outlooks are clouded by slow reform efforts and political uncertainty.Malaysia and Singapore are the growth leaders, benefiting the most from the global tech boom. First-quarter growth from a year ago was 11.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Exports of electronics equipment and components are 47% of gross domestic product in Singapore and 65%1.What topic is the author concerned with? ____B_______2.According to the author, how are the economies of Southeast Asia at present? ___A___3.The passage points out that __D__ are the potential threat to the economies ofSoutheast Asia.4.According to the author, which of the following does not have the capability to increasethe competitiveness of a region? C5.From the passage, we know that the economies of Southeast Asia ___D____.Passage 8 Bill GatesHe is the most famous businessman in the world. He is also the richest man in the world—worth an estimated $40 billion in 1997 according to Forbes magazines. Without a doubt, Bill Gates is one of the most important minds of our era—the Thomas Edison of our time. He has dominated the revolution in personal computering and is a self-described ―hard-coretechnoid‖ (彻底的技术狂),1.We can learn from the passage that Bill Gates is ____D____.2.Bill Gates was born in ___C_____.3.Traf-O-Data was founded by _____B________.4.At the very beginning, Bill’s company worked at ______A_____.5.The last paragraph of the passage suggests that ____D____.Passage 9 The EuromarketsThe Euromarkets are international money and capital markets; they are concerned with Eurocurrencies, that is, currencies traded in Europe (and elsewhere) outside their home countries. The most important Eurocurrency is the Eurodollar. The Eurodollar marketdeveloped in the second half of the 1950s. When the London banks, during the sterling (英币的) crisis of 1957,1.The Euromarkets are concerned with ____D_____.2.The Eurodollar markets developed ____C______.3.The Eurodollar markets developed rapidly when ____B______.4.____D_____ play the chief role in the Euromarkets.5.Banks in the Euromarkets accept deposits of dollars and other convertible currenciesfrom ___D______.Passage 10Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) is a well-known American psychologist who believed that needs were the underlying causes of all behavior. The only reason a person does anything is to satisfy needs. Thus, we can understand human motivation if we understand needs. Based on his research and experience, Maslow divided human needs into five levels: physiological, security, social, esteem, and self-actualization. He arranged these needs in a hierarchy of importance and developed a hierarchical model of human motivation, in which a higher need is expressed only after lower needs are fulfilled.1. In the passages, human needs are _____B______.2. If you want to motivate people, it is advisable to _____D_____.3. Physiological needs are the basic needs for _______A______.4. The selection of one’s job usually belongs to _____D______.5. People usually meet their social needs by _____C____.6. Social status contributes more to one’s ____C_____.Passage 11Today more and more people believe that business should play an active role in improving society and solving social problems. For example, we expect that businesses will take care not to pollute the air we breathe or the water we drink. We also expect them to offer fair wages and employee benefits and to provide a satisfactory product or service at a reasonable price. Many companies recognize this and have stated publicly that they will act as a good citizen. They support local arts, build parks, raise funds for charities, and try to put back some of their profits into the community that has made their success possible.A good7. The passage mainly focuses on _____B______.8. To take social responsibility, a business should ___D_____.9. According to the text, a business should be socially responsible because____C____.10. Many business organizations are willing to take social responsibility because thepractice also does good to_______D_____.11. From paragraph 4, we can infer that those who do not act out of a sense of socialresponsibility are____A____.run12. To act in a socially responsible way, a business must _____B_____Passage 12Personnel management is regarded as a profession. Many observers believe that the most important and pressing problems of future industrial societies wi11 not be solely concerned with production or technical questions, but will be people-oriented and will involve a knowledge of social and behavioral sciences and of the personnel function. Personnel management is now often called human resources management (HRM).13. This extra serves as ______B_____.14. Originally the emphasis of personnel management was on _____A________.15. The future personnel management is bound to _____A________.16. According to the author, ______D____ is not only an integral part of the organizationbut of management itself.17. Recently the scope of personnel management has been enlarged to include _____C_____.18. In a broad sense, work design and the flow of work as well as the managerial spans ofcontrol fall into the category of ____A____.19. According to the text, ___C___ in a company or business is involved with personnelmanagement.20. The fundamental role of personnel management is to ______B_______.Passage 13It is China’s first start-up Internet company, Intel’s first venture capital investment in China, and the first major Chinese-language search engine and directory. A lot of firsts ventured by Sohu, or ―searching fox‖ in English, is drawing much media attention.The famous was launched by Zhang Chaoyang in February 1998, (基础)21. Which of the following does NOT belong to the firsts ventured by Sohu? D22. ―Netizen‖ probably refers to B23. In what sense does Internet generate value for the society? B24. How can Internet contribute to a more mature society? C25. What is this passage mainly about? CPassage 14 Strategies to Curb InflationSince administrative methods are undependable in curbing inflation in the long run, radical measures such as reforms of enterprise management and the trade system should be promoted next year to realize the government’s goal of reining in prices.State-owned enterprises, especially sellers of basic foods, should improve their management, adapting to market forces so that they can continue to play a positive role in stabilizing prices even without the support of large government subsidies.Increases in food prices, a major promoter of inflation, should be controlled by taking comprehensive steps to assure a sufficient food supply, suggests Ren Xingzhou, a research fellow with the Development Research Center under the State Council.Having kept the national inflation rate under 15 percent this year – a 6 percent1. Please specify which of the following factors should be mainly responsible for inflation?D2. What is the inflation rate last year according to the passage? B3. Please pick up measures that have been used to curb inflation this year? D4. What is the national economic growth rate this year according to the passage? B5. According to the passage, government control is still in use and effective. Please tellwhich of the following is now NOT under strict control from central government? D Passage 15 Business Firms are Important to UsEvery day you make a constant use of goods and services that business firms produce. You make a telephone call, turn on a light, read a newspaper, listen to the radio, or watch television. You take these for granted, just as you air and sunshine. Yet most of us could not get along without business firms any more than we could get along without air and sunshine.1.Most of us could not get along without business firms because _____A_____.2. The sentence ―Yet most of us could not get along without business firms any more than we could get along without air and sunshine‖ means business firms ____A______.3. The sentence ―… each household was in business for itself‖ means each household ____C___.4. In general, how well we live depends on business conditions because of ____A____.5. Which statement is not correct? C英译中Part IV. Translate the following passages into Chinese.1.The multinational is big and rich. It often operates in industries which are difficult to enter and of vital nationalimportance, e.g. the computer, chemical and automobile industries. Most important of all, the main objective of the multinational is to organize its activities around the world so as to maximize global profits and global market shares. Each subsidiary is part of an international network of affiliates. These all interact with each other. Each part serves the whole. The center controlling the network—the multinationals’ headquarters—is not under the control of the host government. It is frequently thousands of miles away from these subsidiaries.1、跨国公司一般很大而且很有钱。
电子行业电子类专业英语大全
电子行业电子类专业英语大全1. Introduction电子工程是一门涉及电子学和电气工程的学科，旨在研究电子设备、电路和电子系统的设计、开发和维护。
在电子工程领域，专业英语是一项重要的技能，它可帮助工程师与同行进行有效的沟通，从而促进合作和交流。
本文将介绍电子行业中常见的电子类专业英语词汇。
2. Basic Terms•Electronics - 电子学•Electricity - 电•Circuit - 电路•Component - 元件•Resistor - 电阻•Capacitor - 电容器•Inductor - 电感器•Diode - 二极管•Transistor - 晶体管•Integrated Circuit (IC) - 集成电路3. Electronic Devices•Oscillator - 振荡器•Amplifier - 放大器•Switch - 开关•Sensor - 传感器•Microcontroller - 微控制器•Microprocessor - 微处理器•Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) - 模数转换器•Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) - 数模转换器•Voltage Regulator - 电压稳压器•Power Supply - 电源4. Electronic Systems•Communication System - 通信系统•Control System - 控制系统•Embedded System - 嵌入式系统•Signal Processing - 信号处理•Robotics - 机器人技术•Automation - 自动化5. Electronic Manufacturing•Printed Circuit Board (PCB) - 印刷电路板•Surface Mount Technology (SMT) - 表面贴装技术•Through-Hole Technology (THT) - 插件技术•Soldering - 焊接•Desoldering - 去焊•Testing and Debugging - 测试与调试•Quality Control - 质量控制•Assembly Line - 生产线6. Electronic Measurements•Voltage - 电压•Current - 电流•Resistance - 电阻•Capacitance - 电容•Inductance - 电感•Frequency - 频率•Power - 功率•Impedance - 阻抗•Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) - 信噪比•Digital Multimeter (DMM) - 数字万用表•Oscilloscope - 示波器7. Conclusion以上是电子行业电子类专业英语的一些基础词汇，能够帮助读者更好地了解和应用于电子工程领域。
机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 18
Unit 18 MicrocomputerI. Lead-inWhy is it important to know how a computer works? Easy, if you don't, it will be hard to control. Computers were never built to control us even though that is how it appears. Their creation was just another tool God gave man to use to benefit society. What can you do to learn more about computers? I have an easy answer. Just read, and use computers more. They are not that hard and with time you too can become the master over this tool.Computers, the ones we know and love have not been around all that long. The first home personal computer was not sold until 1977. We have come a long way since then. Did you know that in 1983 there were approximately 2 million personal computers in use in the United States. However, just 10 years later in 1993 the number had jumped to more than 90 million. And now in 2009 the number is estimated at over 200 million.Computers, today are small, fast, reliable, and extremely useful. Back in 1977 that really was not the case. However, they both operated in basically the same way. They both receive data, stored data, processed data, and then output data similar the way our own brain functions. This article deals with those 4 functions: Memory, Processing, Input, and Output.II. Word Stud yponent [kəm'pəunənt]n. 元件,部件,组件；成分,部分1) Cannot perform this operation on a component without a site.如果没有站点，将不能在组件上执行此操作。
电子类专业英语(很全)
A (a) 相，安[培] a (absolute) 绝对的 A (accumulator) 累加器 A (alarm) 报警 A (automatic) 自动的 a (axial) 轴向的，轴流的 A-A (ASEA-Atom) 瑞典原子通用公司 AAB (accident analysis branch of the USNRC) 美国核管理委员会事故分析处 AAC (amplitude absorption coefficient) 振幅吸收系数 AAC (automatic amplitude control) 自动振幅控制 AACC (American Automatic Control Council) 美国自动控制委员会 AAE (American Association of Engineers) 美国工程师协会 AAEC (The Australian Atomic Energy Commission) 澳大利亚原子能委员会 Aamasul 乙二(二硫代氨基甲酸)锰与硫混合物 A-amplifier A 类放大器，甲类放大器 AAP (analyst assistance program) 分析员辅助程序 AAP (associative array processor) 相联阵列处理机 AAS (advanced administrative system) 先进管理系统 AAS (atomic absorption spectroscopy) 原子吸收光谱 AAS (automatic addressing system) 自动访问系统 AASW (American Association of Scientific Workers) 美国科学工作者协会 AB (address bus) 地址总线 abac 列线图，诺谟图 abacus 算盘；柱顶级 abampere 电磁安培(等于 10A) abamurus 挡土墙，扶墙；支墩块 A-band A 波段 abandon 委付；放弃，抛弃；弃钻 abandoned channel 废弃河道 abandoned vehicle 废弃车辆 abandonment 放弃；废弃 abas 列线图，诺谟图 abate 消除，减少，减轻，降低；作废；磨钝；回火 abatement 减少，减轻；消除；抑制，中断；降压 abatement cost 除去成本 abatement of diesel exhaust 柴油机废气的消除法 abatement of noise 噪声控制；消除噪声 abatement of pollution 消除污染 abatement of smoke 消减烟雾，除烟，消烟 abatement of water pollution 水污染的消除 abating pollution 消除污染 abatjour 斜片百叶窗，天窗，亮窗；遮阳 A-battery A 电池[组]，甲电池[组] abat-vent 转向装置，折流板；固定百叶窗；通气帽，通风帽 abatvoix 吸音板，反射板 abbertite 沥青 abbreviated 简化的，缩写的，简缩的 abbreviated address call 缩短地址调入 abbreviated analysis 简易分析 abbreviated call letters 简缩呼号 abbreviated dialing 缩位拨号 abbreviated drawing 简图 abbreviated equation 简化方程 abbreviated method 简化法 abbreviated signal code 传输电码，缩写信码 abbreviation 简写；缩写词，略语；约分 ABC 初步，入门；基本要素，基础知识 ABC (automatic bandwidth control) 自动带宽控制 ABC (automatic bias compensation) 自动偏压补偿 ABC (automatic binary computer) 自动二进制计算机 a-b component transformation a-b 分量变换 abcoulomb 电磁制库仑(等于 10Q) ABCS (automatic broadcasting control system) 自动广播控制系统 ABD (aseismic bearing device) 抗地震轴承装置 abderhalden dryer 干燥枪 ABDL (automatic binary data link) 自动二进制数据链接 Abel closed cup flash point 阿贝尔密闭杯闪点 Abel flash point test 阿贝尔闪点试验
微电子专业英语课件
Principles and Design of Integrated Circuits
Integrated Circuit (IC) Basics
An IC is a miniaturized electronic circuit consisting of transistors, resistors, capacitors, and other components integrated onto a single silicon chip.
of microelectronics.
02
To develop students' ability to read, write, and communicate effectively in English within the context of
microelectronics.
03
To prepare students for future careers in the global microelectronics industry, where English is the lingua
Coverage of analog and digital circuit design principles, including circuit analysis techniques and design methodologies.
Course content and structure
Students should be able to communicate effectively in English during oral presentations, seminars, and discussions related to microelectronics.
广东海洋大学电子信息工程专业英语(微波炉)
Words and expressions
Cooking chamber Faraday cage Enclosure Escaping Surrounding Panel Layer Conductive Mesh Shield visible 烹饪室 法拉第笼 围绕 泄露，逃跑 环境 平板 层 导体 网格 防护，护罩 可见的
Words and expressions
Popular Efficiently Conventional Vegetable Retain Fresh-picked flavor Appearance Texture Traditional 受欢迎的，流行的 有效的 传统的 蔬菜 保持 新鲜口味 外表，外观 肌理，质地 传统的
Words and expressions
Misconception Leak Radiation Virtually In contact with Emit Pattern Mesh Shield Block plastic 误解 泄露 辐射 实质上，事实上 与。。有关 发射 图案，模式 网格 防护罩 阻止，阻碍 塑料制品
Remind the Words and expressions
Plastic Glass Ceramics Faraday Mesh Radiation Virtually Shield Texture Conventional Appearance Efficiently
Microwave
(1)Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from as long as one meter to as short as one millimeter; with frequencies between 300 MHz (100 cm) and 300 GHz (0.1 cm)
微波炉用英语怎么说
微波炉用英语怎么说微波炉是一种用微波加热食品的现代化烹调灶具。
在烹调腔的进口处附近，有一个可旋转的搅拌器，因为搅拌器是风扇状的金属，旋转起来以后对微波具有各个方向的反射，所以能够把微波能量均匀地分布在烹调腔内，从而加热食物。
那么你知道微波炉用英语怎么说吗?下面和店铺一起来学习一下微波炉的英语说法吧。
微波炉的英语说法1：microwave oven微波炉的英语说法2：micro-wave oven微波炉相关英语表达：微波炉支架 Microwave oven stent格兰仕微波炉 Galanz Microwave oven微波炉法 microwave oven method微波炉陶瓷 microwave oven ceramic家用微波炉 Household microwave ovens微波炉的英语例句：1. Vicky Brown arrived home to find the men disconnecting her microwave.维基·布朗到家时发现那些人正在断开她微波炉的开关。
2. Steam or microwave the vegetables until tender.蒸或者用微波炉加热蔬菜，直至蔬菜变软。
3. Microwaves heat water uniformly.微波炉能把水均匀加热。
4. The microwave beeps to let you know when it has finished.微波炉烹饪完毕时会发出哔哔声提醒你。
5. The microwave will bleep when your meal is ready.烹调结束时，微波炉会发出哔哔的声音。
6. Reheat the soup in the microwave.把汤放到微波炉里重新加热一下。
7. Mum has just won a microwave cooker.妈妈刚刚赢得一台微波炉.8. Many cottages are a home from home, offering microwaves, dishwashers, tvs and videos.很多度假屋都像自家一样，里面有微波炉、洗碗机、电视机和录像机。
电子信息类专业英语Unit 18 Digital Television-文档资料
Unit 18 Digital Television
Over the past years, digital technology has rapidly changed
the world we live in. It changes the way we communicate, the way we do business and the way we learn. By way of example, the application of digital technology to our telephone service has not only improved the quality of service but has also enabled the development of value-added services such as interactive enquiry and phone-banking services. With the forthcoming third generation mobile phone technology, even multimedia services can be provided. The traditional television set will be turned into a multifunctional media receiver, meeting various demands of users.
Unit 18 Digital Television
This method provides a cleaner signal that is less
vulnerable to distortion. The difference in quality between digital television and regular television is similar to the difference between a compact disc recording (using digital technology) and an audiotape or long-playing record.
电工电子专业英语实用版
The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit, V=IR
Resistance
The option to the flow of current in a circuit, measured in Ohms
Reading and translation of circuit diagrams
Circuit diagram reading: Understand the constituent elements of a circuit diagram, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors and other electronic components, as well as symbols such as power supply, grounding, input and output ports. Be able to accurately identify the connection relationships of various components in the circuit diagram and understand the working principle of the circuit.
Th é venin's Theorem
A method to simplify a complex voltage source into a single voltage in series with a resistance
Norton's Theorem
微波炉介绍英语作文
微波炉介绍英语作文Microwave Ovens: A Kitchen Essential.The microwave oven is a countertop appliance that heats food by using electromagnetic radiation in the microwave frequency range. It was invented by Percy Spencer, an American engineer, in 1945. Microwaves are a form of non-ionizing radiation, which means they do not have enough energy to cause damage to the atoms or molecules they interact with. When microwaves interact with water molecules in food, they cause them to vibrate, which generates heat.Microwaves are used to heat a wide variety of foods, including frozen foods, leftovers, and even some fresh foods. They are particularly convenient for quickly heating small amounts of food, as they can heat food in minutes or even seconds. Microwaves are also used to cook a variety of dishes, including casseroles, soups, and even cakes.There are many different types of microwaves available on the market, each with its own unique features. Some of the most common types of microwaves include:Countertop microwaves: These are the most common type of microwave and are designed to be placed on a countertop. They come in a variety of sizes and power levels.Over-the-range microwaves: These microwaves are installed above the stove and can be vented to the outside to remove smoke and odors. They are a good option for kitchens with limited counter space.Built-in microwaves: These microwaves are installed inside a cabinet and are a good option for kitchens with a more built-in look.Microwave drawers: These microwaves are installed under a counter and can be pulled out like a drawer. They are a good option for kitchens with limited counter space or for people who have difficulty reaching a countertop microwave.When using a microwave, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. Microwaves can be dangerous if they are not used properly, so it is important to take precautions to avoid injury.Some safety tips for using a microwave include:Never operate a microwave with the door open.Do not place metal objects in the microwave.Do not microwave food in sealed containers.Do not overcook food in the microwave.Allow food to cool for a few minutes before eating it.Microwaves are a convenient and versatile appliancethat can be a valuable addition to any kitchen. Byfollowing the manufacturer's instructions and taking precautions to avoid injury, you can safely and effectivelyuse a microwave to heat and cook a variety of foods.中文回答：微波炉，厨房必备。
最新整理(外研社)新编进出口英语函电答案包含部分test-yourself
Unit 2I. 1.6.A/BA/B/C/D2.7.CB/D3.8.DB/C/D4.9.A/DB/C 5.10.DA/B/C/DII. 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10. A. quote us, C. inquired for, D. of October 23rdB. in ordering, D. from youC. to answerB. as such/C. your quotations,D. usual trade termsC. in the enclosed listB. from,C. inform you ofB. German principals, D. in the market forB. dealing in, D. details of your export productsIII .IV. intention, interested in, view, suitable, grateful, have, together with, appreciate, as, suppliers1. We have been informed by Jameson Garments (Vancouver) Ltd. thatyou are one of the leading exporters of textiles in Hangzhou and that you wish to extend business to our market.2. We would like to have your lowest quotations for the captionedgoods on the terms and conditions listed below:3. Please send me some further information on the features and costsof the Vernard line of Ultrasonic equipment, which you recently advertised in Electronics magazine.4. We are interested in importing Chinese furniture and would bepleased to receive a copy of your latest catalogue, price list and export terms.5. We would be grateful if you would send us a comprehensive pricelist, together with some samples, of the goods which you canV. VI.supply.1. Chinese low-voltage microwave ovens are in great demand in ourcountry. We would therefore much appreciate it if you could let us have your competitive prices for the models available at present.2. We write to introduce ourselves as a leading importer of surgicalinstruments and are interested in receiving a copy of your latest catalogue for our reference.3. Specializing in the line of confectionery, we have extensiveconnections with food stores throughout this country.4. We would be much obliged if you could send us a complete set ofleaflets so as to give us a general idea of the export items you handle.5. From Messrs. Brown & Clark of this city, we have learned thatyou are regular suppliers of Chinese kitchenware, for which there is a growing demand here.6. We have read with interest your advertisement in the latest issueof Television World, and would like to have full particulars of your products, including specifications, prices and packing.1. We are famous importers of computers / importers of computersof famous brands, with branches in three neighbouring cities.2. Please send us a catalog for all your products with detailedspecifications for our buyers’ reference.3. We specialize in the import of motorcycles with a history of tenyears, and would like you to send us your catalog, prices and other necessary information.4. If your goods are good in quality and moderate in price, verylikely we can induce our buyers to place an order.5. We are interested in (buying) the tiles you advertised inBuilding Materials. Therefore, it would be a great help to us if you could send us further information as soon as possible.VII .Huafang Trading Co. Ltd.456 Huqiu RoadSuzhou, China September 10, 199-The Sales ManagerThe Midland Carpet Co. Ltd.173 Waterloo StreetLondon E.C.4BritainDear SirWe have noticed with interest your advertisement in the August issue of The Magic Carpet and feel that the patterns of your carpets may appeal to Chinese customers, especially the well-to-do newly weds.Therefore, we would like to have detailed information about the various types of carpets available at the moment, such as specifications and prices, if possible together with sample cuttings.As we intend to lay in a stock for the New Year sales, it would bea great help to us if we could receive your reply by the end of thismonth.Yours faithfullyHuafang Trading Co. Ltd.Import ManagerUnit 2 TY KeyI. Give the Chinese equivalent of each of the following terms:1) 小册子2) 同业/商业/批发折扣3) 目录价格4) 付款交单5) 进口代理6) 交货时间表7) 还盘8) 经销商/分销商9) 交易会10) 连锁商店II. Give the English equivalent of each of the following terms:1) article number 2) business status3) retailer 4) demonstration5) lines of business 6) parent company7) sales literature 8) specialty/speciality9) trade association 10) wholesalerIII. Fill in each of the following blanks with a proper preposition:1) on 2) with 3) to 4) From, about 5) of 或 up to 6) for, off 7) at 8) asIV. Find out and correct the mistake in each of the following sentences:1) …avail yourself of thisopportunity.2) … is scheduled for December 24.3) …we’d like to place largeorders …4) … we can quote you.5) … are interested to learn … 6) … enclosing a price list foryour …7) …glad to make you a special offer … 8) … exporters in the rubber trade …9) … can meet orders of …10) … forward to receiving your …V. Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms and with modal verbs when necessary:1) would/could quote, advertised 2) ruling3) has been 4) to inquire, exhibited, held 5) are looking 6) have, describesVI. Choose the one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence or that meets the requirement specifically set out:1. D2. B3. D4. B5. B6. B7. D8. B9. C 10. C VII. Translate the following sentences into English:1.From the latest issue of Computer World we have learned about your FinanceGuide software package. We would appreciate it if you could send us a descriptive booklet.2.We were impressed with the vehicles you displayed at the Beijing Trade Fair.Please quote your prices on FOB basis for the automobiles listed above.3.Please let us know if you can supply the lines of goods specified in theenclosed list. We would appreciate it if you would send us a copy of price list and terms for your exports.4.If the samples are of the standard we require, we will place a substantialorder. We are looking forward to receiving your firm offer by March 5. 5.Would you please provide detailed information on the types and quality ofleisurewear you have available and quote relevant prices indicating your delivery time.VIII. Write an English letter in the full correct layout based on the information or instructions given below:September 17th, 201-The Sales ManagerShanghai Luggage Co. Ltd.72 Zhongshan Rd.Shanghai 200001ChinaDear Sir or Madam,We are a company dealing in travel goods in New York City. We are interested in the Carry-on you advertised in this month’s edition of Sky Mall.Would you mind answering the following questions?1. How many colors does the Carry-on come in?2. What advantages does it have over similar products?3. Would you please offer us a 20% trade discount?4. May we have a quantity discount if we place an order for 1000 bags at one time?Your quotation reaching us before October 1 will be highly appreciated.We are looking forward to your reply.Very truly yours,Michelle JacksonImport ManagerUnit 3I. 1.6.A/B/DB/C2./B3.8.A/B/C/DA/D4.CA/B 5.A/B/DB/C7 . 9.10.II. 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10. A. have received, B. are pleased to, C. tellA. We are enclosing,B. / D. detailed specificationsB. these,C. if,D. beforeNo errorC. mutuallyA. with interest, D. current issueC. haveA. understood to be, C. of 5%, D. an individual item C. if you can, D. your best pricesB. a complete set,C. are confidentIII .IV. intend, have stocked only, have decided, select, should be obliged, would send, have examined, shall contact,1. We think that when you see our samples, you will agree that thequality of the material used and the high standard of craftsmanship will appeal to the most selective buyers.2. Though we are at present unable to meet your requirement for thecaptioned articles, we shall be only too pleased to revert to the matter once our supplies are replenished.3. We should like to draw your attention to our other products suchas stainless steel kitchenware, details of which you will find in the catalog, and look forward to your first order.4. At your request, we are now quoting you for 1,000 dozen steeltapes at USD5.--per dz. CFR Lagos.5. We are well aware that our competitors are quoting atconsiderably lower prices, but our products are obviously superior in quality and therefore represent better value.1. In reply to your inquiry of January 12, we are pleased to informyou that a catalog and a price list have been airmailedV. VI.VII .separately for your reference.2. If, however, you need any other information, please do nothesitate to let us know. We shall be only too glad to answer further questions from you.3. As you will notice, our prices are quite competitive, and sincewe carry large stocks of all models, we can promise delivery within a month of receipt of your L/C.4. If you can let us have an idea of the quantity you are going toorder, we may consider giving you a more favorable discount.5. Though we no longer supply Type SB-95, we have in stock TypeSB-99, which is both better in performance and more reasonable in price.1. We are eagerly expecting to have detailed discussions with yousoon on the trade terms you suggested.2. We hope to have more information from you by the end of this monthfor our buyers’ reference.3. As you know, there is a steady demand in your market for suchdurable and moderately priced goods as ours.4. We do not want to influence you, but we hope you will be ableto send us your order within this month as we may soon run short of supply.5. You will no doubt find our price very favorable if you compareit with the quotations of other manufacturers.Dear Mr. Black,Thank you for your enquiry of August 16 concerning our equipment, which you saw at the International Farm Machinery Fair in Bonn.In answer to the specific questions in your letter, first let me say we are willing to consider substantial discount on ordersover RMB¥Y1,000,000.With regard to the terms of payment, we would suggest sight L/C for the initial stage.We can fulfill orders within three months, unless there are special specifications, which may take a little longer.We are enclosing our current catalog and pricelist quoting c.i.f. Bangkok prices, and we think you will find the earth-moving equipment on pp. 101-115 of particular interest for the work you have in mind. If you require any further information, please contact us and we will be pleased to supply it.Yours sincerely,Unit 3 TY KeyI. Give the Chinese equivalent of each of the following terms:1) 执业会计师2) 破产企业的库存3) 带插图的目录本4) 目的地交货5) 价目表6) 促销广告宣传等的小礼品7) 保兑的信用证8) 运费保险费付至……9) 订货付款/随订单付现10) 广告小册子II. Give the English equivalent of each of the following terms:1) bid 2) consumer goods3) Ex Works / EXW 4) end user5) Free Carrier / FCA 6) trade terms7) net price 8) quotation sheet9) Free on Board / FOB 10) supermarketIII. Fill in each of the following blanks with a proper preposition:1) of 2) At 3) from 4) on6) with 7) As 8) into5) from,through, toIV. Find out and correct the mistake in each of the following sentences: 1) … offered at a discount … 2) …inquiring for/about ourelectric …4) … all the products you stock?3) … a ready sale for ourproducts …5) … out of stock of the make … 6) … will remain valid for …7) … meeting your delivery date. 8) … be of further …9) … a detailed quotation for …10) …will keep this offer valid …V. Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms and with modal verbs when necessary:1) has compelled 2) is now being sent3) advertised, enclosed, shows 4) increasing5) decide, attached 6) required, is to be madeVI. Choose the one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence or that meets the requirement specifically set out:1. A2. D3. A4. C5. D6. A7. D8. D9. A 10. DVII. Translate the following sentences into English:1.Thank you for your inquiry of July 3 for our High Definition TV Sets advertisedin the June issue of AV Mart. We are now attaching our detailed quotation sheet for your reference.2.We thank you for the interest you have shown in our new products, theprices of which, as you have noticed, are competitive. We look forward to receiving your initial order.3.Please note that our prices are quoted c.i.f. Melbourne and that weare offering a 10% discount off all net prices. You may enjoy a 15% discount on orders of AUD 30,000 and over.4.We may give you an additional 5% cash discount if you agree to makepayment by letter of credit or cash with order.5.The items you inquire for are out of stock, but we can offer yousubstitutes, which are more favorable in price and no less satisfactory in quality.VIII. Write an English letter in the full correct layout based on the information or instructions given below:Shanghai Luggage Co. Ltd.72 Zhongshan Rd. Shanghai 200001 ChinaWebsite: Tel: 86-21-32222222 Fax: 86-21-32222223September 18, 201-Michelle JacksonImport ManagerContinental Travel Goods, Inc.185 4th Avenue, NY 10012U. S. A.Dear Ms Jackson:Thank you very much for the letter you faxed to us yesterday inquiringfor the carry-ons we advertise in the September issue of Sky Mall.We are delighted to answer your questions as follows:1. This line of bags comes in four colors: red, blue, black and brown.2. Our bags are hard-sided, while similar products are just soft-sided.3. The usual allowance for a trade discount in our country is 10%.4. We will allow you a quantity discount of 8% if you place an order for 1000 bags.We are enclosing our latest illustrated catalogue showing you various lines of luggage we produce.If you have any further questions, please contact me. We are looking forward to receiving your first order soon.Sincerely,JU Ming (Mr.)Overseas Sales DepartmentEncl.:Unit 4I. 1.6.A/B/C/DC2.7.AA/D3.8.A/B/C/DB/C4.9.C/DB/D 5.10.BA/C/DII. 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.B. for those in wooden cases,C. that willA. instruct,B. to receivingC. the amendmentC. signed with themC. the insuranceA. note,B. being,C. within,D. aB. our socks,C. the packing isA. /B. showsC. probable,D. findB. arrangeNo error10. B. and we, C. a trial orderIII .IV. V. VI. competitive, quoted, case, that, ship, between, a total of, qualify for, Since, be obliged1. We are pleased to give you an order for the following items onthe understanding that they will be supplied from current stock at the prices named.2. Thank you very much for your Order No. GD34, and we are pleasedto enclose our Sales Confirmation No. 9975 in duplicate, one copy of which please sign and return to us for our file.3. Your order is receiving our immediate attention and can bedelivered well within your time limit.4. While thanking you for your order, we have to explain that ourprice has increased by 5% owing to a corresponding rise in the prices of raw materials.5. However, in order to finalize the first transaction between us,we are ready to allow you a 5% discount if you can increase the quantity to 1,000.1. This is to confirm our telephone discussion this morning.Enclosed is our Order No. CT504 for 1,500 pounds of Longjing Green Tea at 36 pence per lb CIF London for shipment during June/July.2. As the demand for our laser printers is on the increase, we hopeyou will act immediately if you are considering placing an order with us.3. Please note that the goods must be in strict conformity with thesamples in quality. If this first order is satisfactorily executed, regular orders will follow.4. Thank you f or your prompt reply to our inquiry of April 22. Weare now pleased to order from you 2000 dozen pure silk T-shirts.(For details, please refer to our enclosed order No. 358.) 5. Although our price is a little higher than quotations of othersuppliers, the superior quality of our products more than compensates for the difference in price, and it is to your own advantage to order goods of really good quality.1. If you could increase the quantity of your order to 500 cases,please let us know immediately and we would be only too glad to give you a 5% discount.2. All your required items can be supplied from stock, and we canassure you of our best attention to your order.VII .VII I. 3. If this trial shipment can reach us by mid-October and thequality turns out to be satisfactory, we shall send you further orders.4. In accordance with the terms agreed upon in our recent exchangeof faxes, we are now sending you our S/C No. 1234 in duplicate.5. If no instructions to the contrary are received before the endof this month, we shall ship your order in December.Dear Ms Collins,Thank you very much for your Order No. CS27 for our rotary printing presses Models PM600 and PM800 for November shipment. We wish to inform you that we can comply with all your requirements except for PM600, which is unfortunately out of stock at the present moment. We, therefore, would like to place before you two alternatives for your consideration.1. As an excellent substitute for PM600, we recommend PM630, whichis our latest model (for details, see attached leaflet) and can be shipped together with PM800 in November.2. In case you still prefer PM600, we can ship your order in twolots, i.e. PM800 in November and PM600 in January next year, which is the earliest time we can manage.We look forward to your early decision.Yours sincerelySales Confirmation No. CPW9935Qingdao, August 23, 1999Sellers: Qingdao Textiles Imp. & Exp. Corp.Buyers: Far East Trading Co. Ltd.This Contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers, whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity on the terms and conditions stipulated below:Commodity: Cardigans, Art. No. 406LSpecifications: 100% wool, pink 30%, blue 30 %, brown 40 % Quantity: 900 cardigansUnit Price: at DM 25.-- each, CIFC2% EMPTotal Value: DM 22,500 (Say Deutche Marks Twenty-two Thousand Five Hundred Only)Packing: Each in a polybag, 5 dozen to a carton, in the color assortment stipulated aboveInsurance: To be effected by the Sellers for 110% of the invoice value against All Risks & War Risk as per China InsuranceClauses of January 1, 1981Time of Shipment: During September/October, 1999, with transhipment prohibitedPort of Shipment: Qingdao, ChinaPort of Destination: EMP, to be specified in the L/CShipping Marks: At the Sellers’ optionTerms of Payment: By irrevocable L/C at sight in favor of the Sellersto be opened by the Buyers through a first-class bankfor 100% of the invoice value to reach the Sellers40 days before shipmentUnit 4 TY KeyI. Give the Chinese equivalent of each of the following terms:1) 标题2) 工厂交货3) 代用品，替代品4) 以快递传送5) 交易额、销售额、成交额6) 资信状况7) 进口许可证8) 形式发票9) 支票10) 销售确认书II. Give the English equivalent of each of the following terms:2) workmanship/craftsmanship1) to countersign /countersignature4) trial order3) freight / freight charges /carriage5) sales contract 6) indent7) demand/requirements 8) advantage9) mutual benefit 10) specificationsIII. Fill in each of the following blanks with a proper preposition:1) with 2) over 3) in 4) against5) by, for 6) to 7) within, of,beyondIV. Find out and correct the mistake in each of the following sentences:1) … will be to the advantage of … 2) … payable on demand.3) The price increase has been … 4) As regards / Regarding theagreement …5) … prefer fur-lined overcoats. 6) … subject to delivery beingmade …8) … regarded as settled.7) … essential that the goods bedelivered …9) … has been on the increase …10) … regulations require us toobtain …V. Fill in the blanks with the given verbs in their proper forms and with modal verbs when necessary:1) would like, is gaining 2) reaches3) sent, to countersign 4) be placed5) will/can 6) renamed, enhances7) must / have to replenishVI. Choose the one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence or that meets the requirement specifically set out:1. C2. A3. C4. C5. D6. D7. A8. D9. A 10. D VII. Translate the following sentences into English:1.We have examined your catalogs and samples and are now attaching our orderfor men’s and boys’ sweaters in assorted sizes, colors, and designs.2.All your ordered items are in stock. We are now making up the order and canmake delivery within 30 days of receipt of your L/C.3.Enclosed/Attached is our order #GH9736. If the ordered goods sell well inour market, we will place further orders in the near future.4.We hope you will take advantage of this exceptional quotation, which remainsvalid until the 10th of this month. Meanwhile, we are enclosing the relevant pro forma invoice so that you may apply for the required import license.5.Enclosed are two copies of our Sales Confirmation No. DTE97064 made outagainst your order mentioned above. Please sign and return one copy for our file.VIII. Write an English letter in the full correct layout based on the information or instructions given below:June 26, 201-Angela MansfieldImport ManagerSweet Home Inc.666 Lincoln AvenueLos Angeles CA 94158U.S.A.Dear Ms Mansfield:Thank you for Order No. PO3257 you faxed us yesterday, which is now receiving our attention and can be delivered by the end of November.We are now enclosing our Sales Contract No. ES3886 in duplicate. Please countersign and return one copy for our file.Besides, you are requested to open the covering L/C as soon as possible, enabling us to ship the goods within the time limit you require.We are looking forward to receiving further orders from you.Sincerely,Hua LinExport ManagerEncl.Unit 5I. 1.6.B/C/DD2.7.B/DA/C/D3.8.CB/C4.9.A/B/C/ 5.10.A/B/CDII. 1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10. A. As regards, C. to acceptA. required,B. containB. are, D. we approveA. stipulates,B. to be effected,C. for,D. as follows / to readB. goods,C. on CFR basis,D. shall be insuredA. increase the sales of ,B. giving you,C. regrettably,D. have been receivedC. as per China Insurance ClausesA. particular/extra,B. required,C. premium for the extra risksD. would be charged toA. make,B. promptly / as soon as possible,C. ask/ need/ hopeD. on or before May 31 / on May 31 at the latestB. as you require,C. if you agree,D. difference in premiumIII .IV. cover, individual, available, suitable for, which, in which, be grateful, so that, assure, require1. We would like you to arrange an all risk open cover policy forour chinaware shipments which we intend to export over the next three months.2. If you can offer us competitive rates, we will consider furtherpolicies with you on other shipments.3. As we now desire to have the shipment insured at your end, weshall be pleased if you will arrange to insure the goods on our behalf against All Risks for 110% of the invoice value.4. As requested, we have covered your order with PICC, and theinsurance policy will be sent to you through the bank together with the other shipping documents.V. VI.VII . 5. We had the case opened and the contents examined by a localinsurance surveyor in the presence of the shipping company’s agent.1. In the absence of your definite instructions about insurance,we have covered your ordered goods against W.P.A. for 110% of the invoice value as usual.2. We have noted your request for insurance against War Risk. But,as you know, our CIF quotation includes W.P.A. only. Therefore, if you require this additional coverage, the extra premium will be borne by you.3. If the buyer finds after inspection that the goods are damaged,he has the right to file a claim with the underwriter againsta surveyor’s report within 30 days of the arrival of the goodsat the port of destination.4. We regret to inform you that of the invoiced 12 laser printersin Case No. 8, five were found upon arrival to be badly damaged.(OR: We wish to inform you that Case No. 8 was invoiced as containing 12 laser printers, five of which were regrettably found upon arrival to be badly damaged.)5. The People’s Insurance Company of China is a large state-ownedenterprise, which enjoys the reputation of settling claims promptly and equitably and has agencies in the main ports and areas throughout the world.1. With no definite instructions from you even at the end of lastmonth, we could not but effect insurance against W.P.A. as usual so as to avoid delay in shipment.2. If you prefer insurance under Institute Cargo Clauses, we shallbe pleased to comply, but the difference in premium, if any, shall be for your account.3. We had the goods examined by a surveyor upon their arrival andfound that fourteen cases were broken. Now we enclose a list of the damaged goods.4. The surveyor’s report shows that these goods are unsalable.Therefore, we have to ask for immediate replacements.5. Thank you for your fax of October 22, quoting us your presentrate for All Risks. Now we wish to insure with you the following consignment:Dear Sir/MadamWe have received your quotation of November 5, which we find quite competitive. We would be glad if you would cover us against AllRisks, warehouse to warehouse, to the value of Can$274,895.--, on15 (fifteen) cases of ceramic handicrafts, from Qingdao to Vancouverby M. V. Seagull.The certificate must reach us by the 17th at the latest, since it has to be presented with the other documents to the bank with whicha letter of credit has been opened.We look forward to your prompt reply.Yours sincerelyUnit 5 TY KeyI. Give the Chinese equivalent of each of the following terms:1) 总额保险单2) 预约保险3) 承保单4) 定值保险5) 启运通知单6) 海运保险单7) 调换品8) 索赔表9) 估损员报告10) 保险商II. Give the English equivalent of each of the following terms:1) China Insurance Clauses (CIC) 2) Insurance certificate4) General Average3) Free From Particular Average(F.P.A.)5) With Particular Average (W. A.6) franchise/ W.P.A.)7) insurer 8) Theft, Pilferage andNon-Delivery (TPND)9) Institute Cargo Clauses (ICC) 10) insuredIII. Fill in each of the following blanks with a proper preposition: 1) from 2) to 3) by 4) on7) under 8) in5) with 6) against,at/for, plusIV. Find out and correct the mistake in each of the following sentences: 1) … if you could let us know … 2) … not been greatly affectedby …3) … the goods covered by S/C No.4) … a large amount/quantity of …1234 …。
英语作文微波炉
英语作文微波炉In the realm of modern appliances, the microwave oven stands out as a revolutionary device that has significantly transformed the way we cook and reheat food. This essay will explore the impact of microwave ovens on contemporary cooking practices, their advantages, and the concerns that have been raised regarding their use.Firstly, the convenience that microwave ovens offer cannot be overstated. With the push of a few buttons, meals can be prepared in a fraction of the time it would take using traditional ovens. This has been a boon for busy families and individuals who value time efficiency in their daily routines.Secondly, microwave ovens are known for their energy efficiency. They use less power compared to conventional ovens, which not only reduces electricity bills but also contributes to environmental sustainability. The quickcooking times mean that less energy is wasted, making microwaves an eco-friendly choice for many households.However, the use of microwave ovens has also sparked debates about the nutritional value of food cooked in them. Someargue that microwaving can lead to the loss of essential vitamins and minerals in food. Despite these concerns, numerous studies have shown that microwave cooking preserves nutrients as effectively as, and in some cases better than, other cooking methods, provided that the food is notovercooked.Another concern is the potential for uneven heating, which can result in cold spots in the food. This has led to the development of microwave-safe cookware and improved microwave technology that ensures more even distribution of heat.In conclusion, microwave ovens have become an integral part of modern cooking, offering a blend of convenience, efficiency, and versatility. While there are valid concerns about their impact on food quality, advancements in technology and a better understanding of microwave cooking techniques have largely mitigated these issues. As we continue to innovate and adapt our cooking methods, the microwave oven is likely to remain a staple in kitchens around the world.。
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[rʌb] 搓，摩擦
vibrate[vai'breit] 振动，摇摆
['mɔlikju:l] 分子，微粒；摩尔
• If you use fire to heat something, it starts to get hot from the outside and it takes some time before the inside gets hot. • But because microwave ovens use the power of microwaves, they can start cooking food from the inside right away.
• Let’s take a look inside a microwave oven. ['mæ ɡnitrɔn] • That is what is called a magnetron. 磁控管 • This device makes the microwaves that heat and cook your food.
• If food was warmed up like that, there would be parts that are hot and some that are cold, so the food wouldn’t taste too good. • How do you get the microwaves to hit all parts of the food evenly?
• Most food contains water. • When microwaves hit molecules of water, the molecules start vibrating really fast, which makes the water molecules hit each other and rub against each other. 摩擦热 • Heat caused by rubbing is called “frictional heat” and this is what starts cooking the food.
• In fact, the microwave oven was called a “radar oven” at first use of its history. • Back then, microwave ovens were so big that only restaurants and other businesses used them. • In the 1960s, the first home-use microwave oven was made in Japan. • In those days, only rich people could afford it, but nowadays, microwave ovens are more affordable for people in many countries.
Unit Four Electric appliances
Microwave Ovens
['ʌvən] 烤炉，烤箱
微波炉
['reidə] 雷达
• The microwave oven was invented in the late 1940s in the US. • During World War Ⅱ, microwave technology was used a lot in radar equipment, so the technology was advanced. • After the war, scientists used the knowledge that they had of microwaves to invent the first microwave oven.
[,pɔpju'læ riti] 普及流行
电磁的
• Microwave ovens heat up food using electromagnetic waves called microwave (hence ['ɔsileit] the name). 振动，振荡 • The microwave oscillate (go up and down like a wave in the ocean) 2,400,005,000 (2.4 billion and 5 thousand) times every second!
[spin] 旋转，拉长
[is'keip] 逃脱，避开
• In the middle of the microwave oven is the turntable. 转盘 • Do you notice that when you heat something in a microwave oven, the turntable is always turning? • When the waveguide tube we talk about before injects microwaves into the inside of a microwave oven, there are always some areas that get hit with a lot of waves and some areas that don’t.
['i:vənli] 平衡地，均匀地
[mʌl] 研磨；深思熟虑
• Scientists mulled over this question for a very long time and realized that moving the food was a lot easier than trying to make the microwaves reach every corner of the oven evenly. • That’s why scientists started using turntables to spin the food inside microwave ovens.
波导管
• The microwaves enter the oven area by traveling through a tube called a waveguide. [bauns] • The inner wall is made of metal. 跳，弹跳 • This is because microwaves will bounce back off the metal wall and hit your food, even if they miss it the first time. • The microwave door has a special screen on it that stops microwaves from escaping outside.
遗留，吃剩的食物
• It is easy to heat up yesterday’s leftovers with a microwave oven. • As people like you start to understand more about how easy and convenient microwave ovens are, their popularity grows. • Next, let’s look at how microwave ovens have changed over time.