四会单词-江苏昆山中学
译林版牛津初中英语四会单词
睡觉
吃
确实，完全；仅仅，
鱼；鱼肉
锻炼
数学
家庭作业
散步；步行；
晚餐
飞
因为
午餐时间
最好(的)
每一，每个的
聊天，闲谈
(一)天，(一)日
彼此，互相
绘画n
第一(的)；首先
总是
花费；度过
周末
图书馆
通常，经常
星期二
跑，跑步，奔跑
星期五
小时
游泳者
有时
超过，多余
经常
种类
正餐；宴会
电子邮件；邮件
祖父(母)；外祖父(母)
书店
水
邀请
柠檬
拜访，访问
芒果
轮次
西红柿
冰淇淋
牛肉
付钱；……报酬
猪肉
需要
卷心菜
贫穷的；可怜的
在……前面
国家
故事
你的真诚的
土豆，马铃薯
双，对。副
绵羊
靴；长筒靴
盐
尺寸，大小
茶
合脚；合身
便宜的
梦想中的，理想的
牛仔裤
皇宫,宫殿
裙子
首都
灰色的
海滩
打的
海
出租车
镇，市镇
中心
在……的上方
以前；在……以前
江，河
有趣的
爬，攀登
7A Unit1
(球赛等的)得分
年；岁
下一个的；紧接着的
年级；等级
世界杯
阅读
年龄
兴趣小组，俱乐部
比赛，竞赛
出生，出世
身体好的
在……之后
强壮的
长的
橡皮
音乐
(向别人)借用，借
2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市昆山中学高二(上)第一次段考英语试卷(附答案详解)
2021-2022学年江苏省苏州市昆山中学高二（上）第一次段考英语试卷AYour Day,Your Way With more than 200 marked trails spreading across two great mountains,Whistler Blackcomb can proudly boast that it is North America's largest ski resort.The Whistler Blackcomb Snow School is regarded as one of the best ski schools in this area.Our programs offer the best possible opportunity to improve skiing and gain confidence,skip lift（运送滑雪者上坡的吊椅）lines and discover the wonders of Whistler Blackcomb.We have professional instructors from around the world to help you in your language,ability and style.Explore and book your program online now!TEEN LESSONSRIDE TRIBE PROGRAMBENEFITS• Hang out with those of similar age and ability.• A luncheon voucher（午餐代用券）in mountain restaurants is included.• One instructor to every six kids or less.PRICING• Regular Season：Nov.23 to Dec.15Holiday Season：Dec.16 to Jan.14，Feb.12 to 25，Mar.26 to Apr.8• All prices are quoted（报价）in Canadian dollars and are subject to tax.Prices are subject to change.• The ride tribe program usually starts on Monday.• Meet at 8：45 a.m.at the Garibaldi Lift Company Patio.Return to the deck （露天平台）of the Carleton by 3：30 p.m.• Each Skier is required to wear a helmet （头盔）.CANCELLATION POLICY• No fee outside of 48 hours.• Inside 48 hours,no fee to transfer to another day.• Inside 48 hours,25 for group lessons and 50 for private lessons to be refunded to a credit card.• Medical reasons may be an exception.MORE INFORMATION• is the official ski rental booking engine for Whistler Blackcomb.It offers slope-side pick-up locations at all three mountain bases.• Enter your email address below to sign up for messages from our resorts to get special offers,resort updates and snow alerts.• Call 1-888-403-4727 for more information.1.You would like to take the five-day program at the Whistler Blackcomb Snow School onFebruary 18，2019 with two friends of yours.You want to buy a lift ticket while they don't.How much does it cost altogether if you book online in September？______A. ＄2，605.B. ＄2，740.C. ＄2，890D. ＄2，755.2.If you book the 7-day program at the Whistler Blackcomb Snow School online,you______ .①will receive basic training in skiing online②don't need to pay for your lunch on the mountain③will spend more than 40 hours learning how to ski④cannot cancel your lesson in any caseA. ②③B. ①②C. ③④D. ①④3.According to the passage,which of the following statements is NOT true？______A. Nobody is allowed to go skiing without a helmet.B. Skiers can pick up their rented skis at the mountain bases.C. The ski school offers a special discount in summer.D. The Whistler Blackcomb Snow School is well-known in North America.BHave you ever been on social media and seen your favourite celebrity talking about aproduct？These endorsements—might not be totally random,and are actually seen as a vital part of the marketing process.The question is：How do social media influencers'influence' what you buy？Human desire for status and making friends,combined with our need to belong to agroup,make us susceptible to being 'socially influenced'.Companies often use that desire to have a similar lifestyle to a celebrity we admire to hawk or launch a product.So,what do these endorsements actually do？Firstly,they can be used to build brand awareness.A social media influencer should have a strong understanding of the platform they operate on,and therefore can create engaging content that not only sticks to the brand image,but arouses their followers' interests in a product they might never have seen before.Secondly,influencers can improve a company or product's relationship with theircustomer base.According to In Moment's 2018 US Retail CX Trends Report on customer loyalty,77% of buyers have been brand loyal for more than ten years.This is also true of 60% of millennials.Popular celebrity can target key customers and talk or blog about aproduct,which can create an instant and lasting bond with the consumer.Lastly,influencers can improve customer buying habits with seemingly 'unbiasedopinions'.We are more likely to respond to 'peer recommendation' than traditionalads,meaning the fact that we see an influencer as a 'friend' can make us less likely to be sceptical about what we are seeing.So,the next time you see a celebrity talking about a product,you might want to consider that this could be a carefully crafted marketing strategy designed to target your coreneeds.If you find yourself carefully reading a product you've seen on social media,youmay well have been influenced.4.Why can social influencers make such engaging content？Because they ______ .A. know how to use the platform they are working onB. are internet celebritiesC. have used the products themselvesD. are involved in the making of the products5.Which factor does not help to make 'social influence' so effective？______A. Making friends.B. Being independent.C. Belonging to a group.D. Human desire for status.6.How does seeing an influencer as a 'friend' affect our decision making？______A. We are not much influenced.B. We believe everything they say.C. We want to make friends with them.D. We are less doubtful about adverts we are seeing.7.What should you consider the next time you see a celebrity talking about a product？______A. Our essential needs are being targeted.B. We don't need it at all.C. There's more to learn about the celebrity.D. It is exactly what I need.CThe idea of low material desire,low consumption and refusing to work,marry and have children,concluded as a "lying down" lifestyle,recently struck a chord with many young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.Many millennials（千禧一代）and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that burdens,including work stress,family disputes（纷争）and financial strains,have pushed them "against the wall".They said they hate the "involution（内卷），" joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers."Instead of always following the 'virtues' of struggle,endure and sacrifice to bear thestresses,they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis（宣泄）and adjustment," said a scholar. "It is no wonder that some young people,under the growing pressures fromchild-raising to paying the mortgage（按揭）today,would try to live in a simple way andleave the worries behind."Interestingly,the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times,who claim to be big fans of the lying down philosophy,acknowledged that they only accept a temporary lying down as a short rest.It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions,some Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear too much hard work.But in fact,lying down is not entirely comfortable.Young people who lie down always feel guilty about their constant loss of morale（士气）far beyond their reach."Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future,but most of us have rejected setting ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges," a postgraduate student told the Global Times. "It's no use running away.I have to 'stand up' and face the reality sooner or later."8.What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean？______A. Touched.B. Criticized.C. Warned.D. Amused.9.What might have caused the "lying down" lifestyle among the young？______A. Improvements in living conditions.B. Temporary adjustment to failure in competitions.C. Increasing material possessions from families.D. Growing pressure from family and social life.10.What's the scholar's attitude toward the "lying down" group？______A. Intolerant.B. Understanding.C. Supportive.D. Unclear.11.What can be inferred about the young generation from the text？______A. They find their dreams far beyond their reach.B. They really enjoy the "lying down" lifestyle.C. They never really drop their responsibilities.D. They would rather escape than take challenges.DShooting down an ice-covered track,a bobsled（大雪橇）can go faster than 80 miles an hour,and riders can feel force five times stronger than the pull of gravity.A race can be won or lost by one hundredth of a second.How do bobsleds go faster than cars on ahighway？The answer is a combination of athletics and science.At the start of a race,the crew push their sled,building up speed before they jump in for the ride.For months before the race,the crew have built up power in their legs.The push is the crew's only chance to add speed.All other work goes into keeping friction and drag（摩擦力和阻力）from slowing the sled down.The design of the sled's runners（滑板）reduces their friction with the ice.The friction ofa moving runner melts a little ice right under the runner,and the runner rides on that thinlayer of water.The runners are rounded on the bottom.Runners that are too flat may not melt enough ice for fast ride.Runners that are too round may become too warm,softening the ice and slowing the sled down.No amount of rounding is perfect for all races because the hardness of the ice depends on the weather on race day.Bobsleds used to be open.The riders did not sit inside a hull（外壳）.As the crew sped down the track,the air would create drag.Today,a sled's hull reduces drag by splitting the air in front of the sled and making it flow smoothly along the slides.As with therunners,strict rules apply to the hull.For example,no team may add any part that would create helpful air currents.Reducing friction and drag creates another challenge：high speeds. "The faster the sleds car travel on the run,the more thrilling the race," one research team wrote. "But the track must not be too fast：he crew still need to be able to reach the bottom safely."12.What's the text mainly about？______A. The shape of the sled.B. The elements relating to the sled's speedC. The safety rules applying to the sled.D. The design of the runners.13.What can we know from the third paragraph？______A. Thin layer of water would drag the runners backward.B. The rounder the runners are,the faster the sled goes.C. Proper amount of melted ice is needed for a fast ride.D. A sled's movement has nothing to do with weather.14.What advantage does a sled with a hull have？______A. It's comfortable to sit in.B. It's free from strict rules.C. It helps to create a safe ride.D. It leads to beneficial air flow.15.What is implied in the last paragraph？______A. Keeping high speed is difficult.B. Safety is the most important.C. Riders' desire to win is understandable.D. The crew's cooperation is necessary.How to Understand the Mind of an Interviewer Getting inside an interviewer's head can be hard,as their perspective will change according to personality type,professional role,and personal experience. (1)Research the company to determine what the interviewer is looking pany culture （work-life balance,atmosphere,etc.）is a great indicator of what your interviewer will want to see in candidates. (2) You can look for company mission statements for a better understanding of company culture,or quotes from top-level executives,like CEOs,which often set the tone for company culture.Look up the interviewer when possible. (3) This is the perfect chance to look upbackground information on the interviewer on the company's website.Professional and social media platforms can also help you better know what to expect from an interviewer.(4) Many interviewers determine the truthfulness of your resume this way.If you respondwith answers that are inconsistent with what you wrote in your resume,many interviewers will interpret it as a red flag.Thus,remember to review the start and end dates of positions listed on your resume and try not to take offense to this kind of fact checking.Identify how the interviewer's position will influence expectations.The role of yourinterviewer usually has an impact on what that person expects from a candidate.An HR representative,for example,will want to know you're a good fit with the company culture and values.A direct manager,however,would be most interested in your practical ability to do the job.Regardless of their roles,most interviewers will want to know you'll make their lives easier. (5)A.In most situations,interviewers will expect you to share similar values with thecompany.B.Therefore,it's not an easy job to understand their mind.C.However,you can research on the interviewer and tailor your answers to stand out.ually,you'll be informed of your interviewer's name before you meet them.E.Expect the interviewer to quiz you on your resume.F.Be consistent with what you wrote in your resume.G.So try to make a point of addressing this during the interview.16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. GLife can get tough,but it's important to keep fighting for the better.In particular,due to COVID-19，many more people are struggling with(21) challenges right now,whether that's illness,inability to move around (22)，or a reduction in contact with friends and family.Let's explore some ways to keep fighting and get through the difficult times.Change any expectations you have of yourself.It's okay to slow down and(23) the number of things you have on your plate.Actually,it's impossible to(24) at your full potential in a hard time.So understand and accept that you're going through a rough time and allow yourself to (25) to this period in your life.Be kind to yourself.Whatever it is that you're going through,make it part of your(26) to do something every day that makes you happy.Don't focus on the big,unsustainable gestures like trips abroad.(27)，focus on the smaller pleasures in life,like having a cup of really good coffee or a hot bath.Reduce your exposure to things that(28) negative emotions.When you are mentallystrong,you might be fine watching the news about(29) events because you know that life isn't always like this.But when you're mentally weak,you might(30)yourself that life is all doom and gloom.The(31) hasn't changed---your state of mind has.Finally,don't be afraid to(32)for help.We all need a helping hand sometimes.It's (33) to beashamed of.Online forums are a great way to find(34) because they focus on the problem at hand,and you'll always find people going through(35)issues.You may not get a solution to your troubles,but sometimes just being able to share your feelings is enough.21. A. worthy B. technological C. diverse D. physical22. A. physically B. merrily C. instantly D. freely23. A. increase B. keep C. reduce D. show24. A. perform B. Proceed C. profit D. plot25. A. adapt B. adore C. apply D. appeal26. A. favor B. routine C. occupation D. competition27. A. Therefore B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Furthermore28. A. produce B. define C. switch D. weaken29. A. negative B. positive C. grand D. sporting30. A. inspire B. encourage C. convince D. persuade31. A. environment B. gesture C. emotion D. news32. A. turn out B. come out C. reach out D. wear out33. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing34. A. ambition B. evidence C. support D. preference35. A. fundamental B. similar C. dynamic D. tough36.As the Olympic games concluded in Tokyo,the next city to host,Paris,has already started(1) （it）celebration.During the closing ceremony on Sunday,Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo received and waved an Olympic flag in the Tokyo stadium, (2) traditional pass to the next city.But thecelebration then had a few twists to (3) the handover is usually done.The French national anthem was played by the National Orchestra of France in a (4) （film）video that took viewers all over sites in Paris and (5) （late）on,a live broadcast took viewers straight into the handover celebration in the streets of Paris.The Paris 2024Olympic flag was unfurled（展开）from the Eiffel Tower, (6) organizers said set a world record as the largest flag ever flown.Visuals presented at the event also showed what the Paris games may look like in three anizers are planning to put the (7) （compete）in the center of the city, (8) the opening ceremony planned to take place along the Seine River in the middle of Paris,rather than a stadium.French president Emmanuel Macron delivered short remarks, (9) （say）the updatedOlympic motto,"Faster,Higher,Stronger.Together." On stage near the Eiffel Tower (10) （be）also French Olympic athletes who had returned from the Tokyo games.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)37.After every run I feel fitter,happier and m ______ to keep progressing.38.She used powers of p ______ to convince Tom that it was the right thing to do.39.The newspaper printed information that was ______（非故意）misleading.40.The clock a ______ readjusts when you enter a new time zone.41.If we're going to succeed in the deal,we'll have to provide something that our c ______don't.42.He is ______（控诉）of misleading investors and lenders about the financial health of thecompany.43.What matters,they claim,is the p ______ state of the students when they take exams andthe knowledge he or she possesses.44.The government introduced a law p______ tobacco advertisements on TV．45.The buildings of homes deeper into forests have led to longer and more d ______ wildfireseasons in the state.46.Expecting four year old children to sit quietly for a whole hour is just completely u______.47.假定你是李华，你们班最近举行了一场关于网络新闻媒体优缺点的辩论会。
2020届江苏省昆山中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析
2020届江苏省昆山中学高三英语期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Middlerby Kirsty ApplebaumEleven-year-old Maggie lives in Fennis Wick, enclosed and protected from the outside world. Her brother Jed is the eldest, a hero. Her younger brother is Trig—everyone loves Trig. But Maggie's just a middler；she is left behind. In this book, we experience the sadness of being the forgotten middle child, the child with no voice, even in her own family.Dennis in Jurassic Barkby Nigel AuchterlounieBeanotown is in trouble again, and this time the danger is Jurassic! Dennis，latest adventure is filled with fun, including Vikings, Victorians and soon, along with puzzles for you to finish. Can you help Dennis save Beanotown from the prehistoric invasion?Little Book for Big Changesby Karen Ng and Kirsten LiepmannIncluding more than 100 activities, try-outs, games, puzzles and tips,Little Book for Big Changesoffers fun and creative ways to bring people together to help change the world. Understand more about big problems in the world such as inequality and climate change, and be empowered to help make the world a better place.The Saga of Erik the Vikingby Terry JonesIn this illustrated story, Erik the Viking sets out with his trusty team of men in search of the land where the Sun goes at night. On his journey, he will meet adventures that will put his courage to the test.1. Who told a story about an unseen child in a family?A. Terry Jones.B. Kirsty Applebaum.C. Nigel Auchterlounie.D. Karen Ng and Kirsten Liepmann.2. Which book is proper for kids who love prehistoric-related stories?A.The Middler.B.Little Book for Big Changes.C.Dennis in Jurassic Bark.D.The Saga of Erik the Viking.3. What is special aboutLittle Book for Big Changes"!A. It is about two people.B. It is an adventure book.C. It has picturesinside to help kids read.D. It teaches kids to care for the world.BResearchers say spicy tomatoes could soon be on the menu thanks to the rise of gene-editing technology.It's not the first time that experts have claimed techniques could develop fruit with unusual features: scientists have already been looking at changing the color1 of kiwi fruit and bettering the taste of strawberries.But researchers inBrazilandIrelandsay such methods could also offer practical advantages, with hot tomatoes offering a new way of harvesting the pungent chemicals found in peppers known as capsaicinoids, which make food taste “hot”.“Capsaicinoids are valuable. They are used as painkillers and there are some researches showing that they promote weight loss,” said Agustin Zsogon from a Brazilian university, a co-author of a new article arguing for the benefits of engineering hot tomatoes.Writing in the journal Trends in Plant Science, the researchers say peppers are difficult crops to grow and low productive. Worse still, it is tricky to keep the pungency of the fruits table. By contrast, tomato production is high and the plant is well-studied. “You could produce the capsaicinoids in a more cost-effective manner,” said Zsogon.Tomatoes and peppers developed from a common ancestor, but separated about 19 million years ago. “All these genes to produce capsaicinoids exist in the tomato, they are just not active,” said Zsogon. “Using gene-editing technology, it is likely to switch these genes back on in tomatoes, making the fruit more special”, he said.4. Why are the tomatoes made hot by the researchers?A. To test the gene-editing technologyB. To improve the amount of the tomatoesC. To explore ways to harvest more capsaicinoids.D. To make the tomatoes more delicious.5. For what purpose can capsaicinoids be used according to the text?A. To put on weight.B. To ease the pain.C. To improve sleep.D. To better the look.6. What is Zsogon's attitude to the gene-editing technology?A. Confident.B. Critical.C. Anxious.D. Doubtful.7. What's the main idea of the text?A. An introduction to gene-editing plants.B. Creating hot tomatoes by gene-editing.C. Problems with capsaicinoid production.D. The procedure of producing capsaicinoids.C“One person’s trash is another person’s treasure.” That’s a common expression, but the next time you throw something away, think about a twist on the old saying. What if your trash could become your own treasure? Many creative, thrifty, and environmentally minded people have come up with a way to makethathappen. It’s called upcycling. Our world would be a better place if everyone would begin upcycling.Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful. For example, how about that pair of jeans with a hole in one knee? It could become a new pillow for your bedroom.Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment. Recycling takes an item made of glass, paper, metal, or plastic, breaks it down to its base material, and then uses that material to make another product. This requires a great deal of energy. On the other hand, when you choose to upcycle, the only energy you use is your own. And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas. Recycling is good for the environment, but upcycling is even better.Upcycling also makes a family’s budget stretch further. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, many families lived on a tight budget. People had to use what they already had in order to meet their needs.As responsible citizens, we should all be concerned with protecting our environment and budgeting our resources. Upcycling is a fun and creative way to help. The next time you go to toss something into the trash can, stop and think about what it could become. Chances are, there’s a brand-new item in your hand just waiting to be upcycled.8. Why does the author mention an old saying in the first paragraph?A. To arise reader’s awareness of upcycling.B. To stress the importance of upcycling.C. To lead in the topic of upcycling.D. To show the idea of upcycling.9. Which one below belongs to upcycling?A. An old ladder is transformed into a bookshelf.B. Old tin cans are transported to landfill.C. A broken wooden door is chopped up.D. Old cloth is made into a paper bed.10. What is the difference between recycling and upcycling?A. Upcycling is much more creative.B. Recycling is much easier to achieve.C. Recycling is much more cost-saving.D. Upcycling is much more energy-efficient.11. What can be inferred from the text?A. Upcycling is popular at present.B. Upcycling is replacing recycling.C. Upcycling is worth recommending.D. Upcycling is a tradition in daily life.DDogs are often referred to as “man's best friend”. But MacKenzie, a four-pound Chihuahua (奇瓦瓦狗), who was named winner of the 2020 American Hero Dog competition, is making the world a better place for humans and animals alike. Often called the “Oscars for dogs”, the award recognizes dogs who make great contributions to society.This year's competition attracted over 400 competitors from across the country. While all were impressive, it was tiny MacKenzie who won the judges' hearts. Born at a rescue shelter in Hilton, New York, in 2013, she had a cleft palate (腭裂) that required her to be tube fed for the first year of her life. A life-saving operation, performed in 2014, gave her the ability to eat and drink independently, enabling the tiny dog to focus on doing what she loved most: taking care of others.The seven-year-old Chihuahua is now gainfully “employed” by the Mid Foundation, a Rochester, New York-based non-profit organization that shelters and cares for animals born with disabilities. MacKenzie's official job is “to provide love and care for baby rescue animals born with birth defects”. The Chihuahua is good at her job and hasnurturedmany different species-from puppies to kittens to turkeys, squirrels, birds and even a goat. She acts as their mother and teaches them how to socialize, play, and have good manners.In addition to her role as an animal caretaker, MacKenzie also has the important job of greeting thefoundation's volunteers and friends. The incredible dog, who has lost her ability to bark, also visits area schools to help children understand physical disabilities in both animals and people. Her heart-warming and inspiring story makes MacKenzie worthy of America's top dog honor!12. What made MacKenzie American Hero Dog?A. Being man's best friend.B. Her struggle with disabilities.C. Rescuing animals with disabilities.D. Her contributions to a better world.13. What can we infer about MacKenzie from Paragraph 2?A. Her growth path was not easy.B. She was deserted by her owner.C. She was operated on at two years old.D. She still needs taking care of by others.14. What does the underlined word “nurtured” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Trained.B. Comforted.C. Tended.D. Abused.15. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. MacKenzie—The Most Hard-working DogB. MacKenzie—America's “Most Heroic Dog”C. Chihuahua—Inspiration of Positive EnergyD. Chihuahua—Appeal for Animals' Protection第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案
2019-2020学年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal.1. How can we describe the young author?A. He opened a small grocery store.B. He did a lot of research in the lab.C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities.D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Getting some financial support.B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.C. Reaching out to many local businesses.D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph?A. Its size needs increasing.B. Itis popular with the students.C. It has caused some safety concerns.D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.BFor as long as I can remember, my body and I have shared a relationship of discontent. Growing up, I was skinnier than the other kids and at five I was told I wasn't attractive and that I must put on some weight. But no matter how much I ate, I stayed thin for years until adolescence. Then I started putting on weight almost immediately. I remember feeling happy as I began to fill out. However, my joy didn't last long.I was thirteen when I was first called fat. Friends and neighbours would make jokes on my big size. As I entered my late teens, I had completely lost confidence in my body and, subsequently, in myself. Having failed to live up to conventional beauty standards, I was convinced that if I wanted to be loved, I needed to offer more, doing anything to please everyone around.I entered adulthood thinking I wasn't “enough”—an idea that was seeded not only by the fact that “skinny” is celebrated, but also by the language associated with accounts of losing weight—selfimprovement, discipline—all virtues. Being fat quickly categorizes you as lazy and undisciplined. Consumed by thoughts of the way my body looked, I didn't notice the other ways my body needed attention. I failed to realize, for example, that my period was much heavier and more painful than ever before. Actually I developed a rare disease and later I had two surgeries.I was always made to feel that my weight was the root of a lot of problems in my life; I have learnt this is not true. After a lot of selfreflection and some professional help, I realized I never learnt to like myself. While two decades of selfhatred cannot be undone overnight, I have taken first steps to acceptance.I am now much lighter than before, in body and mind. There are days I find voices on social media saying I am too fat to be loved or to be worthy, but I am learning not to focus on that thought for long. As long as I like myself, just the way I am, opinions at the end of the day are just water off a duck's back.4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs?A. She could change her weight at will.B. She had different beauty standards from others.C. She tried to love others to build her confidence.D. She was greatly influenced by others' opinions.5. Why did the author think she wasn't “enough”?A. She was poorly disciplined.B. She failed to celebrate “skinny”．C. She was labelled as lazy for her weight.D. She put on more weight after entering adulthood.6. What caused the author to make a change?A. Her lighter body.B. A troublesome illness.C. Popular beauty standards.D. Others' critical comments.7. What is the best title for the text?A. Beauty matters.B. Opinions vary.C. Worth your weight.D. Beyond your limits.CAs every mobile-phone owner knows, after a year or so the battery starts to fade and the beast needs recharging more frequently.That is troublesome, but a phone’s batteries can be replaced fairly cheaply — or the whole device traded in for the latest model. An electric car, though, is a much bigger investment. And batteries are its priciest component, representing around 30% of an average mid-size vehicle.To provide buyers with some peace of mind, carmakers guarantee their batteries, typically for eight years or around 200,000km. Producers, planning to go much further than that, though, are racing to launch “million mile”(1.6m kilometers) batteries. Contemporary Amperex Technology, a giant Chinese firm which produces batteries fora number of carmakers, was said to be ready to start producing batteries which would last for 16 years or 2m kilometres. Elon Musk has suggested that Tesla,a Californian maker of electric vehicles, has a million-mile battery in the works. And over in Detroit,General Motors is in the final stages of developing an advanced battery which it says has similar longevity (寿命)。
2020届江苏省昆山中学高三英语期末试题及答案
2020届江苏省昆山中学高三英语期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMembership CardFighting Fit is a members-only club. When you first join, we give you a computerized card. It has your name, photo and membership number on.Please have your card with you every time you use the club. The card is for your use only, and there is a small charge to provide a new one if you lose it. Members are permitted to bring guests to use the facilities at the club.A visiting guest fee is charged for each guest.Fitness ProgramsYour Fitness Program includes a meeting with one of our skilled instructors. This will happen two or three weeks after you have joined. The instructor looks at your health, your current needs and the way you live, and organizes a program suitable for you.GymnasiumOur gymnasiums are the most modem in the area and have high quality exercise equipment. For safety reasons, you must wear sportswear and trainers while exercising, and please remember to take a small towel too. It is one of our rules that you wipe the equipment after use.There is no limit to how long you spend in the gymnasiums, but we ask you to respect other members by only spending 20 minutes on each piece of equipment. There are experienced staff helping you in the gymnasiums at any time.Locker RoomsWe have large male and female locker rooms. Please ensure that your property is kept in your locker at all times. Any belongings which are found in a locker overnight will be removed and taken to Lost Property.CafeThe Cafe offers free tea, coffee and soft drinks.Suggestion BoxMembers' suggestions are always welcome, and the suggestion box and forms can be found at reception. We try to respond within two days.1.What does the Fighting Fit Health Club provide for its members?A.A personalized program on their first visit.B.A second membership card for free.C.Help from the staff all the time.D.Certain kinds of clothes and towels.2.At the Fighting Fit Health Club, you can_.A.share your membership cardB.have free drinks in the CafeC.leave personal items in the locker for 24 hoursD.spend as long as you like on all equipment3.Where is the information most probably from?A.A news report.B.A notice board.C.A guide book.D.A reference book.BByteDance（字节跳动）Group’s TikTok, an overseas version of Chinese short video sharing app Douyin, faces an existential crisis in the United States, as murmurs of a “crackdown”（强制取缔）from the White House forced the Chinese company toengage in talks on selling its US business to Microsoft.TikTok is the fastest-growing registered global mobile internet app, with more than 100 million users, and its rapid growth, especially in the US, is seen as a threat to Facebook. The US government has long viewed globally competitive Chinese high-tech companies including Huawei as a threat and done whatever it could to crack down on（打击）them in the name of “national security”.The US government has not introduced any specific policy against TikTok only threatened it through a number of unclear statements.According to the latest media reports, Microsoft is prepared to press ahead withthe negotiations to take over TikTok’s US operations and complete the negotiations by Sept 15, following talks between Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella and US President Donald Trump.This means that TikTok will have to hand its fate over to some unpredictable power, and even have to sell its assets without the option of setting a price.The US government has failed to find a reasonable legal excuse to deal with TikTok. All private data of TikTok’s US users are stored in the US and are unlikely to be transferred. Considering the US government is trying to deal with TikTok in a political way, TikTok should consider incorporating（合并）the dispute into the US legal process to assert（坚持）its legal rights and interests.TiKTok’s core value lies in its unique algorithms,a product of artificial intelligence that represents the expertise of Chinese engineers and programmers with high-value intellectual property.The US government’s move, which has forced ByteDance to sell TikTok to a US company, is similar to a forced technology transfer and an example of the US’ openseizureof Chinese intellectual property.If ByteDance sells TikTok to a US company for “security reasons", that would set a dangerous precedent, motivating other countries where TikTok operates to follow the US administration's example and cause a chain reaction.ByteDance is a young Chinese private company that cannot deal with a political game played by the US. But as a Chinese company that has gone global, ByteDance has reasons to take up legal means to defend its legal rights. The Chinese government can also consider examining whether the technology transfer in the deal violates China’s law and harms the country’s national interests.4. What is the most valuable as for TikTok?A. Its global popularity.B. Its artificial intelligence.C. Its registered global mobile internet app.D. Its private data of TikTok’s worldwide users.5. Why does the American government force the Chinese company to hand over TikTok’s US operations to a US company?A. Out of so-called political reasons.B. Out of so-called debt reasons.C. Out of so-called technical reasons.D. Out of so-called security reasons.6. What does the underlined word “seizure”probably mean in Para. 8?A. An untrue spoken statement about someone.B. The use of legal authority to take sth from sb.C. The crime of stealing sth from a person or place.D. The act of trying to hurt somebody using physical violence.7. What can be the best title for the news report?A. TikTok must defend its rights legallyB. TikTok is seen as a threat to FacebookC. ByteDance has to sell TikTok to a US companyD. ByteDance agrees to transfer technologyCCalifornia's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees （针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.8. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A. Lack of wood supplies.B. Where to plant new trees best.C. How to save the burned trees.D. Loss of trees and wild animals.9. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A. The function of the tool.B. The disadvantages of the tool.C. The improvement of the tool.D. The development of the tool.10. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?A. The study plots.B. The data.C. Stewart and his colleagues.D. The seeds.11. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?A. Skeptical.B. Ambiguous.C. Tolerant.D. Optimistic.DWhat do you think of 80s pop music? Do the names George Michael, Madonna and Michael Jackson sound familiar? Well, these are just some of the names that were well-known in the music scene of the 80s and early 90s. The 80s pop musicscene was an important step to the popularity (普及) of present-day music. A new wave in the music scene was introduced, which made such music styles as punk rock, rap music and the MTV popular. Although it was an end to the old 60s and 70s styles, it was also the beginning of something big. The popularity of music videos meant that artists now replaced their guitar-based music with visual displays. A new wave of artists came on the scene and the entire industry developed quickly.The most famous 80s pop music video is Michael Jackson’s Thriller. Introduced in 1982, few people can forget the video not only because of its never-be-foreseen images, but also because of the popularity it received. Think of how 80s pop music changed the lives of people who grew up in the 80s. Ask a young man today to tell you the names of the “New Kids on the Block” and he will start talking about the neighbor kids who just moved in. These are not the answers you might have heard in the 80s. Though today’s young men do not recognize how cool 80s pop music was, most people will always remember it for what it was and these are happy memories they will always love.Some of the 80s pop music legends (传奇人物) include Madonna, U2, AeroSmith and of course the King of Pop Michael Jackson. Let’s not forget Prince, Tina Turner, Phil Collins and Motown’s Lionel Ritchie. Some of these musicians played music that has stood the test of time. Undoubtedly, the 80s pop music scene will live on for many more years to come.12. What is the text mainly about?A. The characters of 80s pop music.B. What made 80s pop music popular.C. 80s pop music’s steps to popularity.D. The effects of 80s pop music.13. 80s pop music mainly includes the following styles EXCEPT ________.A. guitar-based musicB. the MTVC. rap musicD. punk rock14. Michael Jackson’s Thriller impressed people so deeply mainly because ________.A. it changed the lives of peopleB. he sang it in a special styleC. it was made into a music videoD. it left people with happy memories15. The purpose of the last paragraph is to tell readers that ________.A. 80s pop music is and will remain popularB. 80s pop music has many faultsC. 80s pop music is now out of dateD. we shouldn’t forget the great musicians of the 80s第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADesign a science holiday to win a science holidayIs there a scientific holiday,tour,vacation or experience in your list that you dream of making a reality? We might just be able to help with that! We are the crowd sourcing thoughts and suggestions onnew tours,and the winner will receive two free places on their tour when it's launched.Starting entries 1st May 2020Deadline 31st August 2020ENTER NOW---Write a brief description of your ideal science holiday,tour,vacation or experience.---No matter how big or small,we are looking for brilliant, unique thoughts.It can be a complex multi-location overseas holiday tour,a weekend away deep-diving,or a simple walking tour(and everything in between).---Our current tours are mainly individual-focused but we would love to hear ideas for families and schools.---Creations that have environmentally friendly themes and a low carbon impact are also welcome.---Your entry can be as simple as a great title but writing more specifies will improve the possibility of walking off with the prize.---The competition doesn't close by September,2020,so plenty of time to brainstorm your entry.---We will launch the best idea in late 2020 or at the beginning of 2021. The winner will receive the award once the result is published.If you want to submit more than 3,999 words,include photos/maps with your entry, or submit multiple entries then send it to tours @ . The competition guidelines and other related information are available at .1. When will the winner probably be announced?A. In August,2020.B. In September,2020.C. In January,2021.D. In May,2021.2. What kind of entries might be more likely to win?A. Those producing a low carbon impact.B. Those with a long and unique title.C. Those providing detailed information.D. Those for individual-focused tours.3. What is the purpose of this text?A. To give guidance on a competition.B. To advertise a science holiday.C. To inspire creativity in teenagers.D. To collect the ideas for tours.BSophie became friends with the gray squirrels during her first week atPennState, after spotting them running around and wondering what they would look like with tiny hats on their heads. Today, everyone at the university knows her as the “Squirrel Girl”.Sophie tried bringing them food, and gradually they began to trust her. She managed to put a hat on a squirrel and take a picture. Thinking that her colleagues could do with something to lift their spirits, she started posting similar photos on Facebook. The response was greatly positive, and before long Sophie and her squirrels became an Internetsensation.Growing up in a neighborhood outside ofState College, Sophie was always fond of birds and animals around her home, but she didn't interact with people very much. She was later diagnosed (诊断) with Asperger's syndrome, but the squirrels changed that. “The squirrels help me break the ice, because I'll be sitting here patting a squirrel and other people will come over and well just start like feeding the squirrels together and chatting about them,” she said, “I am a lot more outgoing.”And in case you're wondering how Sophie is able to get the squirrels to do what she wants for her photos, it has a lot to do with food. For example, whenever she wants them to hold or play with something, she puts peanut butter on the prop (道具), and they'll grab it. In the beginning, she would throw peanuts up the trees on campus and invite the squirrels to come down and get them, but they hesitated to approach her. She had the patience to earn their trust, though.This year, Sophie is graduating with a degree in English and wildlife sciences. She wants to be a science writer and educate people on how to preserve the environment. As for her furry friends, Sophie plans to stay in the area and visit them as often as she can.4. What does the underlined word “sensation” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Event.B. Hit.C. Service.D. Addiction.5. What can we learn about Sophie according to paragraph 3?A. She got lots of friends due to squirrels.B. She used to be a popular girl in her childhood.C. She lived in the far countryside when young.D. She was more outgoing than before.6. How did Mary manage to take photos of squirrels wearing hats?A. By attracting them with food.B. By putting them in cages.C. By playing music to them.D. By dressing like squirrels.7. What do you think of Sophie?A. Tolerant and capable.B. Sociable and aggressive.C. Patient and caring.D. Indifferent and appreciative.CScientists have made great discoveries. But how have they influenced our personal lives? Do kids in your classroom even know when Einstein lived? You may be wondering: but why is it important to teachkids about modern-day scientists?First, stories of scientists can encourage kids. Chris Hadfield is a Canadian who went to space, and he’s a real, guitar-playing person. He makes singing videos on YouTube! His story can make kids think scientists are also common people. Hearing scientists’ stories makes kids think “I can do that too!”But not only that, the stories of famous scientists can encourage kids to never give up. Bill Nye was always refused when trying to be an astronaut. But today, he’s made a lot of successes in his role as a popular science educator and engineer. Besides, it’s no secret that scientific discoveries require trying, and trying again.Another way some scientists can encourage kids is through their diversity. Neil deGrasse Tyson, for example, is an African-American, which is not common in his field. Such stories can make kids think anyone can be a scientist.It’s important to know that scientists don’t need to be “gifted” or “good” at school. Often we consider a scientist as being an extremely smart kid at school. That doesn’t have to be true. They just need to have a great interest in science. Telling students stories of scientists can encourage them to show interest in science. As long asthey’re interested, they are likely to become a scientist in the future.Modern scientists teach kids that knowledge builds upon the foundation others have laid. This is important — no one can do it alone. Scientists’ stories can encourage today’s young scientists to keep trying. They’ll be encouraged not to give up on the dream of making discoveries. Even if they haven’t made important discoveries, their research may help the following scientists.8. What can Chris Hadfield’s story tell students?A. Scientists are interested in different things.B. Students should have a hobby of their own.C. Scientists can be ordinary like people around us.D. Students should consider scientists as their models.9. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. African-Americans are more likely to become scientists.B. Scientists are not necessarily very smart at school.C. Not all scientists really show interest in science.D. Scientists are usually good at their schooling.10. The last paragraph shows us that ________.A. scientists should help each otherB. a scientist should never give up tryingC. making discoveries is necessary for scientistsD. new scientific discoveries may be based on others’ findings11. What is the text mainly about?A. Why scientists are important to us.B. Why students should be taught about scientists.C. Why students love stories of scientists.D. Why scientists can encourage students.DAbout a billion birds die from flying into buildings each year inNorth America. Suspicions havebeen that birds may regard the open areas behind glass as safe passageways. Or they may mistake the reflected trees for the real thing.Researchers would like to reduce collisions, which requires a solid understanding about what makes a birdmore or less likely to die by crashing into a building in the first place.“There was ly little known at a broad scale. Previous studies were at one small study site.'' Jared Elmore, a graduate student in natural resource ecology and management atOklahomaStateUniversity. So he and his colleagues used a previously created data set of building collisions for birds at 40 sites throughoutMexico,Canadaand theU.S.The first finding was obvious: bigger buildings with more glass kill more birds. But the details were more remarkable. "We found that life history predicted collisions. Migrants(候鸟), insect-eaters and woodland-inhabiting species collided more than their counterparts(同类).”Most migratory species travel at night, when lights near buildings can distract or disorient(使迷失方向)them. And Elmore thinks that insect-eating birds might be attracted to buildings because their insect prey(猎物)is attracted to the lights. He suspects that woodland species get tooled by the reflections of trees and bushes in the windows. The results are in the journal Conservation Biology.By understanding which birds are more likely to collide with buildings, researchers can perhaps determine the best way to adapt buildings, or their lighting, to help prevent such accidents. And by knowing risks, along with migration timing and behavior, building managers can better predict when birds are at their greatest danger - and improve lighting strategics accordingly.Elmore's next project will use radar to help predict bird migrations. " I think that would maybe go a long way in terms of providing information to people, to the public, to building managers, on when they can get the most benefit in terms of lights-out policies."12. What is the possible reason for birds' crashing into buildings?A. They didn't see the buildings.B. They took reflections for reality.C. They assumed the windows to be open.D. They considered buildings as safe routes.13. What is Jared Elmore's study different from the previous ones?A. It created a new data set.B. It went beyond national borders.C. It covered a wider range of sites.D. I’ll studied some specific bird species.14. What was the most noticeable finding of Jared Elmore's study?A. Migratory species travel at night.B. Birds tend to be misled by glasses.C. Bigger buildings cause more collisions.D. Birds living habits give rise to collisions.15. Which of the following can help reduce bird collision?A. Adjust the lightening system.B. Attach radars to each building.C. Adopt strict lights-out policies.D. Ban using glasses on buildings.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
2020年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFor some people, there’s no better companion than mans best friend-a dog. This four-legged pet can bring comfort and joy and provide much- needed exercise for you when it needs walkies! This probably explains why dog ownership increased last year because people spent more time at home during he CovID-I9 lockdown.However, as demand for a new dog increased, so did the price tag. Popular breeds, such as Cockapoos and Cocker Spaniels, saw even sharper price increases, and puppies have been selling for $3,000 or more.Animal welfare charities fearthat high prices could encourage puppy farming, smuggling (走私) or dog theft. An investigation found some breeders have been selling puppies and kittens on social media sites--something charities have called “extremely irresponsible”.But despite some new owners purchasing a dog legally, maybe from a rescue center or registered breeder, they’ve proved to be ill-prepared for life with a new pet, and the pet itself has found it hard tocome to terms withlife in a new home.Looking to the future, there are concerns about the welfare of these much-loved pets. Lan Alkin manager of the Oxfordshire Animal Sanct uary in the UK, notes: “At the moment, the dogs are having a great time, but separation anxiety could still surface when people go back to work.” And Cliare Calder from the UKs Dogs Trust rescue charity says, “The economic situation also means that some people may find they can’t afford to look aftera dog.” The message is not to buy a dog in haste and to pick one that fits into our lifestyle.1. The greater demand for dogs can cause the following problems except ________.A. illegal trade of dogsB. less dog farmingC. high prices of dogsD. online sale of dogs2. What does the underlined phrase"come to terms with"in paragraph 4 mean?A. Fit in withB. Go in forC. Make up for.D. End up with3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Despite the problems, dogs are living happily.B. The writer has a positive attitude towards dogs future.C. Experts are worried that dogs will be unaffordable to people.D. The writer advises people to think twice before keeping dogs as pets.BLas Vegascity inNevadais built in a desert. The city may be known to the outside world for its partying. But officials have found that there are 21 square kilometers of useless grass. The grass is never laid on, played on or even stepped on. The grass is only there to look nice.Now, the city is asking theNevadastate legislature to ban useless grass. It is trying to become the first place inAmericato ban that kind of grass often seen between streets, in housing developments and in office parks.It is estimated that useless grass makes up 40% of all the grass inLas Vegasand it needs a lot of water to survive. Grass needs four times more water than dry climate plants like cactus. By tearing out the grass, the city could reduce yearly water usage by 15%.In 2003, the Southern Nevada Water Authority banned developers from planting grass in front of new homes. It also offered homeowners $ 30 for each square meter of grass they tear out. But fewer people are now using the program. Water usage has increased in southernNevadaby 9% since 2019. And last year,Las Vegaswent a record 240 days without major rainfall. The Colorado River provides much ofNevada's drinking water. The river could lose more water as climate change affects it.Water officials in other dry cities said water usage needs to be reduced. But they fear the reaction to reforms like the ones inLas Vegasif their communities do not accept them. Cynthia Campbell is the water resources adviser for the city ofPhoenixinArizona. “There might come a point when city restrictions get too severe for some residents. They'll say that is the point of no return for them,”Campbellsaid. “For some people, it's a pool. For some people, it's grass.”4. Why doesLas Vegascity try to ban useless grass?A. To protect the local people.B. To beautify the city.C. To reduce water usage.D. To reduce waste.5. What program was carried out inLas Vegasin 2003?A. Allowing planting grass before new houses.B. Encouraging the residents to tear out grass.C. Praising those who signed on the program.D. Awarding those who reduced water usage.6. What is implied inCampbell's words in the last paragraph?A. Many residents won't follow the ban.B. Reaction to the reform will vary personally.C. Other measures should be taken to protect wetter.D. Water officials should take many factors into account.7. What is the best title for the text?s VegasPlans to Ban Useless GrassB. A Method Is Adopted to SaveLas VegasC. Choices between Beauty and PracticeD. Grass Is Important but Useless inLas VegasCMany cars in advertisements and on exhibition in the United States are red, blue or green, but almost 75 percent of new cars sold in the United States are black, white, silver orgray.Les Jackson is a reporter who writes about cars. He says the color1 s of cars Americans choose do not show dirt. He says that means the owners wash their cars less in order to save money. And he notes some areas that are suffering from water shortages do not permit people to wash their cars often.Dan Benton works for a company called Axalta, which makes supplies for international car makers. He says white cars are often sold more expensive than cars of other color1 s. And he notes that white cars “absorb(吸收)less energy” than cars of other color1 s. This means temperatures inside them are lower in warmer areas. Benton also says research at Monash University in Australia suggests that there is a lower risk of crashes during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.Car buyers in other countries also like white. Jane Harrington works for PPG Industries, a company that makes paint for cars. She said in China, buyers say white makes a small car look bigger.About 11 percent of cars sold in North America are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. Benton notes that in the mid-1990s green was the most popular color1 in North America. Today, green is hard to find.Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color1 of their cars —— technology may let owners change their cars’ paint color1 anytime.8. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Most Americans don’t like red cars.B. People in America are not allowed to wash their cars.C. Many people prefer to choose white cars in America.D. Americans may consider the cost of cleaning when choosing cars.9. Why do many people choose white cars?A. They are much cheaper than cars of other color1 s..B. They are much safer while crashing.C. They are bigger than cars of other color1 s.D. They are more comfortable inside in warmer areas.10. What do we know from the text?A. Les Jackson is a member of Axalta.B. Most Americans rarely wash their cars.C. PPG Industries mainly produces cars in China.D. Green cars were once popular in North America.11. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Choices of car color1 sB. How to buy a good car.C. Differences of car color1 s.D. Popular car color1 s in history.DThere will be more plastic than fish in the world’s oceans by 2050. That is what a new report from the World Economic Forum and Ellen MacArthur Foundation warns. If the current trend continues, the report said, oceans will contain one ton of plastic for every three tons of fish in 2025. By 2050, plastics will weigh more than fish. The problem is that each year at least 8 million tons of plastics end up in oceans around the world. This is the same as dumping the contents of one garbage truck into the ocean every minute.Not all plastic ends up in the ocean because someone throws a plastic bottle into the water. Plastic containers and other trash thrown onto streets and sidewalks often are swept into oceans. Unlike other types of trash in the ocean, the plastic never bio-degrades. There is a way to slow the amount of plastics going into the oceans — people can recycle more. Currently only about 14 percent of plastics are recycled. Research in Europe shows as much as 53 percent of plastic could be recycled using available technology. The report says that another solution is using less plastic for packaging products. But that is not likely to happen.“Given plastic packaging’s many benefits, both the possibility and desirability of an across-the-board dramatic reduction in the volume of plastic packaging used is clearly low, ”the report said. But the authors note reducing the use of plastics should be tried“where possible. ”For decades, scientists warned that plastics are killing fish. Research shows that fish are dying from choking after eating plastics. Another cause of death is that plasticscause“intestinal blockage and starvation, ”the environmental group said.12. Why is the garbage truck mentioned in Paragraph 1 ?A. To explain how plastics end up in the ocean.B. To warn people against the ocean pollution.C. To clarify the seriousness of the problem.D. To point out some details of the report.13. Why is plastic more dangerous than other types of trash?A. There is too much of it.B. It poisons the ocean water.C. It is from different sources.D. It is hard to break down.14. What is the author’s attitude to the suggested solutions?A. Pessimistic.B. Curious.C. Unconcerned.D. Terrified.15. What can we infer from the text?A. People are not aware of the problem.B. Recycling is limited by lack of technology.C. Plastic packaging has become part of our life.D. Fish in the ocean will be replaced by plastics.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案
2021年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBIt's a popular belief that a fish's memory lasts for only seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they don't remember what they've eaten or where they’ve been, and they don't identify you or any of their friends--every moment intheir life would be like seeing the world for the first time.But don't be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have a much better memory than we used to think. In fact, certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as 12 days ago. In the study, researchers from Mac Ewan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food.They then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again. Researchers used computer software to monitor the fish’s movements.They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food. This suggested that they could remember their past experiences.In fact. scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. An earlier study showed that they behaved aggressively(挑衅地) in front of certain fish, perhaps because they remembered their past "fights".But until the latest findings, there was no clear evidence.Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to survivein the wild. "If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives at risk,"lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.For a long time, fish were placed far below chimpanzees, dolphins and mice on the list of smart animals.But this study has given scientists a new understanding of their intelligence.4. According to the text, people commonly believe that ______.A. fish don't recognize any of their friendsB. a fish's memory lasts for only seven minutesC. fish can only remember part of their past experiencesD. fish can remember things that happened long ago5. How can fish benefit most from a good memory?A. They can remember their enemies and fight.B. They can remember where to get food and survive.C. They can remember their friends and help each other.D. They can remember where to go when in danger.6. What can we learn from the text?A. Only African cichlids have a good memory.B. African cichlids can remember things for 12 days.C. African cichlids always treat other fish aggressively.D. African cichlids don't belong to the list of smart animals.7. What is the text mainly about?A. What we can learn from fish.B. Fish having a very bad memory.C. How fish improve their memory.D. Fish being smarter than we thought.CA former UPS driver and his wife have made history by donating $20 million to Morgan State University – the largest gift any historically black college or university (HBCU) has ever received from a former student. The money, pledged by Calvin Tyler Jr and his wife Tina, will fund scholarships that were established under the Tylers’ name in 2002.Tyler grew up in a low-income family and was forced to drop out of Morgan State University in 1963 because he could no longer afford to study. The following year, Tyler saw a job advertisement in a Baltimore newspaper from United Parcel Service and got a job with the company as a driver. He rose through the ranks during his 34-year career at the global shipping company to become its senior vice president of US operations and a member of the board of directors before retiring in 1998.Tyler and his wife, also a Baltimore native, have lived all across the country but he said they have never forgotten their humble beginnings.Their latest pledge follows a $5million commitment they made in 2016 for the fund, which to date has supported 222 students with full or partial scholarships.Marybeth Gasman, a professor at Rutgers University who studies HBCUs, said the gift is significant becausepublic HBCU’s like Morgan State University tend to have a lower alumni giving rate compared to private ones.“For a long time, they weren’t asking alumni to give,” she said. But that has changed in the past couple of decades, she added, and the schools have “started asking alumni to give and creating a culture of philanthropy (慈善) on campus.”David K. Wilson, the president of Morgan State University, said the money will help students for years to come. “Morgan is so proud to call this son and daughter of the great city of Baltimore our own,” he said in a statement. “Through their historic giving, the doors of higher education will most certainly be kept open for generations of aspiring leaders whose financial shortfalls may have kept them from realizing their academic dreams.”“We are forever indebted to the Tylers”.8. Why is Tyler’s donation historic?A. He was a former UPS driver.B. The donation is large enough.C. The donation will fund his scholarships.D. He used to be a student at the university.9. What is a driving force of Tyler’s donation?A. His working experiences.B. His career achievements.C. His promise to the university.D. His past embarrassing situations.10. Which is true about HBCUs according to Gasman?A. They are mainly public universities.B. They are encouraging alumni to donate.C. They rarely accept help from the alumni.D. They have changed little over the decades.11. What can be inferred about Tyler from Wilson’s comments?A. He’s helped many city leaders.B. He’s grateful to his university.C. He’s made great contributions.D. He’s proud of his son and daughter.DDid you know that horses talk? Well, they do, and you can lean to understand “horse talk” if you pay close attention to the horses you see.When horses live in the wild, other animals try to eat them, so a lot of horse talk is about staying alive. Evennow, when most horses live on farms, they watch for danger. For this reason, never walk behind a horse. If you surprise it, the horse might mistake you for a mountain lion or wolf and give a dangerous kick.By watching the ears of a horse, you can get clues to what it's hearing. A horse can tum each ear in a different direction. For a wild horse, this trick is important for survival. The horse can hear something sneaking up behind it while also checking out a threatening noise in front. When a horse lets its ears down, it's feeling safe and relaxed. If horses becomeisolated, they neigh, or “whinny,” calling for company. They're saying, “Where are you? I'm over here!” If a horse snorts(哼) while holding its head high and staring at something, it's saying, “That looks dangerous. Get ready to run!” When two horses meet, they put their noses together and smell each other's breath. It's their way of asking, “Are you a friend?” Horses nicker,too. Nickering is a quiet sort of sound. This friendly noise means they're feeling secure and saying, “Clad to see you.”In the wild, horses live in herds, with all members watching for danger. In a herd, only one horse is the leader, the “boss hoss”. The “boss hoss” is usually an older female. She watches for threats and teaches younger horses how to behave. However, others may want her job. When that happens, she pins her ears back against her head and may even bite or kick to get challengers to back off. She's using body language to say, “Hey, I'm in charge here!” All horses know that the one who makes others move is the leader. Horses relate to people that way, too.Horses have a language of their own. Now you know a bit of what they might be saying.12. What is the general idea of this passage?A. Horses can talk with their owners.B. You can know a bit of horses' language.C. Horses can “talk” in their own way.D. Other animals can also learn language.13. What does the underlined word “isolated” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Lonely.B. Glad.C. Sad.D. Frightened.14. What will a horse do when he wants to know whether another horse is a friend?A. He will let his ears down.B. He and another horse will put their noses together and smell each other's breath.C They both will hold their heads high and stare at something.D. He will give another horse a dangerous kick.15. How will the “boss hoss” deal with her challengers?A. By warning or fighting.B. By watching for threats.C. By teaching younger horses how to behave.D. By relating to people.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析
2020年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen it comes to the greatest inventions of the world, China’s name is sure to be mentioned several times. There are hundreds of things which were invented by the Chinese.AlcoholShocked? I was because when they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK. China had never crossed my mind. In China, alcohol was made by two legendary persons named Yi Di and Du Kang who belonged to the Xia Dynasty. This period was about 2000 BC - 1600 BC. Research says that in ancient China, beer with 4% alcoholic content was widely consumed by people.TeaChina is the proud inventor of tea which was first drunk by Shen Nong, a Chinese emperor around 2737 BC. Tea production was rapidly developed, making tea a popular drink during the Tang and Song Dynasties.The Mechanical ClockHave you ever wondered what on earth we would be doing without any idea of time? A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete. The credit of making the first mechanical clock goes to ancient China. The first mechanical clock was invented by Yi Xing in the Tang Dynasty. This was during 618 and 907.Silk FabricSilk, the favorite fabric of many girls out there, is also a Chinese invention. Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and then use it to make clothes. The oldest silk which has been found so far is in Henan Province and dates back to 3630 BC.1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that ________.A.people in the US like alcoholB.beer was popular in the Xia DynastyC.Yi Di and Du Kang invented alcohol by accidentD.the author didn’t know alcohol is a Chinese invention2.The author asks the question in Paragraph 4 to show ________.A.ancient Chinese inventors were wiserB.many things in our lives are incompleteC.ancient Chinese people never wasted timeD.the invention of the mechanical clock is important3.Which of the following invention has a longer history?A.Tea.B.Alcohol.C.Silk fabric.D.The mechanical clock.BThe modern Olympics, which appeared in ancient Greece as many as 3,000 years ago, have become the world’s most important sporting competition. From the 8th century B. C. to the 4th century A. D., the the ancient Olympics were held every four years in Olympia in honor of the god Zeus. The first modern Olympics took place in1896 inAthens, and featured 280 participants from 13 nations, competing in 43 events. Since 1994, the Summer and Winter Olympic Games have been held separately every two years. The 2020 Summer Olympics, delayed one year because of the COVID-19, was held in Japan in 2021.The ancient Olympics were held every four years between August 6 and September 19 during a festival honoring Zeus. The Games were named for their location (位置) at Olympia, a place near the western coast in southern Greece. Their influence was so great that ancient historians began to measure time by the Olympic Games held every four years.After the Roman Empire conquered (征服) Greece in the mid-2nd century B.C., the Games continued, but their standards and quality dropped. For example from 67 A. D., the Emperor Nero entered an Olympic horse race, announcing himself the winner even after he fell off hishorse during the event. In 393 A. D., Emperor TheodosiusⅠended the ancient Olympic tradition.It was another 1,500 years before the Games rose again, largely thanks to the efforts of Baron Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) of France. Working hard at the development of physical education, the young man became inspired by the idea of creating a modern Olympic Games after visiting the ancient Olympic building. In November 1892, at a meeting of the Union des Sports Athlétiques in Paris, Coubertin suggested the idea of making the Olympics an international athletic competition held every four years. Two years later, he got the approval (批准) he needed to found the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ), which would become the governing body of the modern Olympic Games.4. What do we know about the modern Olympics?A. The modern Olympics became famous in the 18th century.B. The first Winter Olympics was held in 1994.C. The first modern Olympics dates back to 1896.D. The latest Winter Olympics will delay for two years.5. How often were the ancient Olympics held?A. Every year.B. Every other year.C. Every three years.D. Every four years.6. When did the ancient Olympics end?A. In 393 A. D.B. In 67 A. D.C. In the mid-2nd century B. C.D. About 1,500 years ago.7. What is the best title of the text?A. The ancient OlympicsB. The modern OlympicsC. The Olympics developed through yearsD. The Olympics are popular in modern timeCSix Neanderthals who lived in what is now France were eaten by their fellow Neanderthals some 100,000 years ago, according to fearful evidence of the cannibalistic (食人的) event discovered by scientists in a cave in the 1990s. Now, researchersmay have figured out why the Neanderthals, including two children, became victims of cannibalism: Global warming.While previous studies have examined Neanderthal remains to find proof of cannibalistic behavior, this is the first study to offer clues as to what may have led Neanderthals to become cannibals. Scientists found that rapid changes in local ecosystems as the planet warmed may have wiped out the animal species that Neanderthals ate, forcing them to look elsewhere to fill their stomachs.The researchers examined a layer of sediment (沉积物) in a cave known as Baume Moula-Guercy, in southeastern France. In that layer, charcoal (碳) and animal bones were so well-preserved that scientists could reconstruct an environmental picture representing 120,000 to 130,000 years ago. They discovered that the climate in the area was likely even warmer than it is today, and that the change from a cold, dry climate to a warmer one happened quickly. “Maybe within a few generations”, study co-author Emmanuel said. As the animals that once populated the landscape disappeared, some Neanderthals ate what they could find — their neighbors.Cannibalism is by no means unique to Neanderthals, and has been practiced by humans and their s “from theearly Palaeolithic to theBronze Age and beyond,” the study authors reported. The behavior adopted by the starving Neanderthals in the Baume Moula-Guercy should therefore not be viewed as “a mark of bestiality (兽性) or sub-humanity”, but as an emergency adaptation to a period of severe environmental stress, according to the study.8. What does the study mainly focus on?A. The social behavior of Neanderthals.B. The reason for cannibalism among Neanderthals.C. The climate change in southeasternFrance.D. The influence of global warming on ancient animals.9. What can possibly be used to describe the climate in southeasternFrance120,000 to 130,000 years ago?A. It was no warmer than it is today.B. It was first warm while later cold and dry.C. Its change was mild and went through quite a long process.D. Its change is a chief factor contributing to cannibalism.10. Which of the following might the study authors agree with?A. Neanderthals’ cannibalism showed their bestiality.B. Cannibalism was actually a measure the Neanderthals had to adopt to survive.C. Neanderthals’ cannibalism guaranteed their rule over other tribes.D. Only Neanderthals were found to have cannibalism in human history.11. Where can you most possibly find this passage?A. In a science journal.B. In a travel brochure.C. In a history book.D. In a geography book.DCompared to dogs, cats are often considered to be aloof（冷漠的）with respect to their human owners. It is usual for them to be indifferent（无动于衷的）when humans calltheir names. Are we sure that they don’t understand human voices at all?A recent study published in the journal of Scientific Reports suggests that we’ve been fooled. Japanese scientists found that cats can recognize their names if their owners regularly use them. In the study, scientists recruited 78 domestic cats. They played recordings of voices of their owners saying five words: the first four words were random nouns thatresembledtheir names while the final word was the cat’s name. Then they observed thecats’ responses, if there were any.Most of cats moved their ears or heads when they heard their names, while they made no response to other words. That suggested, “cats were paying attention to you, what you say and what you do,” John Bradshaw, an expert on human-animal interactions（互动）at the University of Bristol, UK, told The Times. “And cats were just as good as dogs at learning,” she added.In the study, when people called their names, cats often associated (联系) the words with rewards, such as food or play, or with “punishments” such as having a bath or going to the vet . This made cats sensitive (敏感的) to words. After the cats had been called several times, they could respond to the words. But the scientists added that while dogs have evolved（进化）to follow their owners’ orders, cats have not. Although cats appear to be distant, they do have special relationships with their owners.According to study co-author Atsuko Saito, cats have evolved not to show their emotions as a survival method. One example is illness, which they tend to hide because “in the wild, no one can rescue them” and predators (捕食性动物) are more likely to pay attention to them, Saito explained.However, technology may help bridge the communication gap between cats and us. There are now mobile apps available to explain what their meows mean. So, the next time you hear “meow, meow”,your cat may be telling you: “Hi, you haven’t cleaned my litter box recently.”12. What did the recent study find about cats?A. Cats can recognize their names.B. Cats are cleverer than dogs.C. Cats learn more slowly than dogs.D. Cats are willing to follow orders.13. What does the underlined word“resembled”in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. were limited toB. were different fromC. were similar toD. were away from14. Why do cats appear distant to their human owners?A. They associate words with punishments.B. They want to protect themselves from harm.C. They are not sensitive to the human voice.D. They don’t pay much attention to their surroundings.15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. It is difficult to understand cats’ meows.B. Interaction with your cats is very important.C. Cats do have good relationships with their owners.D. We may know cats better with the help of technology.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021-2022年江苏译林版英语一年级四会单词整理
Unit 1 Let's count!
one
一
two
二
three
三
four
四
five
五
Unit 2 This is my pencil
book
书
pencil 铅笔
ruler
尺子
rubber 橡皮
Unit 3 I like carrots
carrot 胡萝卜 onion
洋葱
pea
豌豆
pepper 甜椒
Miss Li 李老师 Mr Green 格林老师，格林先生 dad
爸爸
mum
妈妈
Unit 4 Is this a teddy? 1A
Unit 5 A cherry, please
teddy banana
泰迪熊 香蕉box p源自ach盒子，箱子 桃子bag cherry
包，袋 樱桃
puppy grape
Unit 4 Spring 1B
Unit 5 What's this?
tree
树
ladybird 瓢虫
flower cicada
花 蝉，知了
bird
鸟
butterfly 蝴蝶
kite
风筝
dragonfly 蜻蜓
Unit 6 Are you ready?
run
跑
jump
跳
hop
单脚跳 walk
走，步行
单元 Unit 1 Liu Tao
一年级四会单词汇总
单词
Liu Tao 刘涛
Yang Ling 杨玲
Wang Bing 王兵
Su Hai 苏海
2019-2020学年江苏省昆山中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案
2019-2020学年江苏省昆山中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?A. Optimistic and careful.B. Interested and unconvinced.C. Excited and confused.D. Assured and critical.3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically deadB. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank accountC. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use itD.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural networkBA growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects (缺陷) and a father's age, alcohol use and environmental factors, say researchers atGeorgetown University Medical Center. They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.The study, published in theAmerican Journal of Stem Cells, suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring — a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate, says the study's senior investigator, Joanna Kitlinska, PhD, an associate professor in biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology.“We know the nutritional, hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure, cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,” she says.“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers — his lifestyle, and how old he is, can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,” she says. “In this way, a father can affect not only his immediate offspring, but future generations as well.”For example, a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal (胎儿的) alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), even though the mother has never consumed alcohol, Kitlinska says. “Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics, suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases, and birth defects in his children.A limited diet during a father’s preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren. Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells, changes in metabolic regulation,diabetes, obesity and development of brain cancer. Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring. And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight, marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,” Kitlinska says. “And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child, we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects, as opposed to considering each in isolation.”4. What’s the message the writer conveys in the passage?A. Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.B. Father’s age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.C. Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.D. Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.5. What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?A. FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.B. A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.C. A father’s lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.D. Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.6. Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to children’s birth defects?A. Having a father with a limited diet.B. Having a father who is an alcoholic.C. Having an overweight father.D. Having a father with psychosocial stress.7. What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?A. The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.B. The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.C. The clinical application of the research findings.D. The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.CIs renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn’t sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services – a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented – receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a polluting process. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene, a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that’s still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren’t great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessible. There’s something called “share-washing” that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There’s an even better step – and that’s wearing what we already have.8. What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A. She is trying to attract shoppers.B. She is an expert and journalist.C. She has created “share-washing”.D. She never rents clothes.9. Why does renting services increase people’s appetite for fast fashion?A. Because it is handled correctly.B. Because it is transported easily.C. Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D. Because it is easily accessible.10. What can we infer from the passage?A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.11. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Travel.D. Medicine.DLife in the Internet age is lonely—or is it? That’s what experts in human interaction are debating after a new Stanford University survey has been published.According to the study, the more time people spend online, the less they can spare for real-life relationships with family and friends. The researchers asked 113 people about the Web’s influence on daily activities. 36％of those people are online for more than five hours a week.” As Internet use becomes more widespread, it will have an increasingly isolating (孤立的) effect on society,” says Robert Kraut, one of the researchers.Scholars and Web lovers criticized the study for stretching its data to make the “isolating” point. While 13％of regular Web users admitted the loss of time with loved ones, 60％reported watching less TV. The survey also shows that E-mail is the most popular online activity. If some of webheads (网虫)spend what was once passive TV time keeping company with friends via E-mails, “that’s a move toward greater connectedness,” says Paul Resnick, a professor at the University of Michigan.Thisisn’t the first claim that the Web should be criticized. A 1998 report monitored 73 Pittsburgh-area families’ Net use for a year. People who used the Internet more “talked less to family members and reported being lonelier and more depressed.” says Robert Kraut.“It’s true that there have been big declines in social connectedness over the past decades, but those declines began before the Internet was invented,” says Thomas Putnam.As Amitay Etzioni says, the Internet gives us a different kind of social life—not better or worse than before, but just different.12. Who claimed that the Web had negative influence?A. Paul Resnick.B. Robert Kraut.C. Thomas Putnam.D. Amitay Etzioni.13. The underlined word “This” in Para.4 refers to .A. the opinion expressed in Bowling AloneB. the survey made by the University of MichiganC. the conclusion in a report written in 1998D. the study conducted by Stanford University14. From the passage we learn that .A. watching TV used to take time away from staying onlineB. the Web was blamed more than once for causing an isolating effectC. 36％ofweb users spend more than five hours a week onlineD. the Web has the same influence as telephones and televisions15. The passage mainly discusses .A. how we can make a better use of the InternetB. how declines in social connectedness appearC. whether the Internet causes an isolating effectD. what a different life the Internet brings to us第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析
2020年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMust-see MusicalsReady to get back to the theater and enjoy some toe-tapping show tunes? Whether you're a Londoner or just visiting the capital for a day, you're sure to find a good night out from our selection of must-see musicals. Book your ticketsin advance to catch the hottest shows!●TINA- The Tina Turner MusicalFrom humble beginnings in Nutbush, Tennessee, to her transformation into global Queen of Rock n' Roll, Tina Turner didn't just break the rules, she rewrote them. This new stage musicalreveals the story of a woman who dared to defy the bounds of her age, gender and race. TINA—The Tina Turner Musical is written by Oliver Award-winning playwright Katori Hall and directed by Phyllida Lloyd.Performance times: Monday 7 pm; From June 3, 2021 until June 26, 2022Venue: Aldwych Theater, 49 Aldwych, London, WC2B 4DF●The Lion KingTaking the famous story of Simba and his ascension to king, the stage show is a one-way ticket to Pride Lands. With fascinating scenery drawing you in, you'll almost feel like you're part of the action as you journey through Simba's world. To bring The Lion King to life, the show's original director, Julie Taymor, combined live performers and creative props. Creating a visual feast that's since redefined how musicals could and should look, The Lion King really is an all singing, all-dancing affair.Performance times: Tuesday—Saturday 7: 30 pm; From June 1, 2021 until April 3, 2022Venue: Lyceuwm Theater, 21 Wellington Street, London WC2E 7RQ●The Prince of EgyptJourney through the wonders of Ancient Egypt as two young men, raised together as brothers in a kingdom of privilege, find themselves suddenly divided by a secret past. One must rule as Pharaoh, but the other must rise up and free histrue people; both face a destiny that will change history forever.With a huge cast and orchestra of almost 60 artists, this “truly phenomenal production” is based on the classic Dream Works Animation film and features the international best-selling, Academy Award-winning songWhen You Believe.Performance times: Monday—Saturday 7: 30 pm; From July 1, 2021 until January 8, 2022Venue: Dominion Theater, 268—269 Tottenham Court Rd, Fitzrovia, London W1T 7AQ1. Who is the author of TINA—The Tina Turner Musical?A. Oliver Award.B. Katori Hall.C. Phyllida Lloyd.D. Tina Turner.2. What is special for The Lion King?A. It is written by a famous director.B. It reveals a conflict between two brothers.C. It offers a lifelike feast for eyes.D. It shows the importance of protecting lions.3. If you prefer the songWhen You Believe, which theater should you go to?A. Dominion Theater.B. Lyceuwm Theater.C. Aldwych Theater.D. Egypt Theater.BMark Bertram, 46, lost the tips of two fingers at work in 2018 when his hand became trapped in a fan belt. “It's life-changing but it's not life-ending,” he says. “Doing work is harder now. Everything is just a little different.”After two surgeries and occupational therapy, Bertram decided to make light of his condition by asking Eric Catalano, a tattoo (纹身) artist, to create fingernail tattoos. The idea made everyone in the studio laugh—until they saw the final result. “The mood changed,” Catalano recalls from his Eternal Ink Tattoo Studio. “Everything turned from funny to wow.”When Catalano posted a photo of the tattoos, a pair of fingernails that looked so real that no one could believe their eyes, he had no idea the image would eventually be viewed by millions of people around the world.The viral photo pushed Catalano, 40, further into the world of paramedical (辅助医疗的) tattooing. Now people with life-altering scars come from as far away as Ireland to visit his shop. They enter Eternal Ink looking for the artistic healing they saw online. Using flesh-toned (肉色的) inks and a needle, Catalano transforms his clients' view of themselves.Leslie Pollan, 32, a dog breeder in Oxford, was bitten on the face by a puppy in 2014. She underwent countless surgeries to correct a scar on her lip.“Plastic surgery gave me no hope,” she says. “So I looked for other options.” She ultimately traveled six hours to meet with Catalano. He hid Pollan's lip scar, giving her back a piece of her confidence.“ You don't understand until you've been through it,” Pollan says. “It made me have a different look on life.”Catalano performs up to eight reconstructive tattoos. While he charges $100 per regular tattoo, he doesn'tcharge for paramedical tattoos. “Financially, it doesn't make sense,” Catalano says. “But every time I see that emotion from my customers, I'm 100 percent sure this is something that I can't stop doing.”4. What best describes people's attitude when first hearing of fingernail tattoos?A. Indifferent.B. Ridiculous.C. Confident.D. Surprised.5. What did Catalano do to help Leslie Pollan?A. He drew an artistic puppy.B. He inked scars on her face.C. He created a lip tattoo.D. He performed plastic surgeries on her.6. What can we infer from the passage?A. Cosmetic surgery is of no use.B. Tattoos earn Mark Bertram a good fame.C. Catalano is a kind and generous person.D. Fingernail tattoos are popular around the world.7. What could be the best title for the text?A. A Life-changing EventB. Miracle TattoosC. An Amazing ArtistD. A Promising BusinessCWolves have a certain undeserved reputation: fierce, dangerous, good forhunting down deer and farmers’ livestock. However, wolves have a softer, more social side, one that has been embraced by a heart-warming new initiative.In a bid to save some of Europe’s last wolves, scientists have explored the willingness of these supposedly fierce creatures to help others of their kind. Female wolves, the scientists have discovered, make excellent foster parents to wolf cubs that are not their own. The study, published in Zoo Biology, suggests that captive-bred wolfcubs(幼兽)could be placed with wild wolf families, boosting the wild population.The gray wolf was once the world’s most widely distributed mammal, but it became extinct as a result of widespread habitat destruction and the deliberate killing of wolves suspectedof preying on livestock. Fear and hatred of the wolf have since become culturally rooted, fuelled by myths, fables and stories.In Scandinavia, the gray wolf is endangered, the remaining population found by just five animals. As aresult, European wolves are severely inbred and have little geneticvariability（变异性）, making them vulnerable to threats, such as outbreaks of disease that they can’t adapt to quickly. So Inger Scharis and Mats Amundin of Linkoping University, in Sweden, started Europe’s first gray wolf-fostering program. They worked with wolves keptat seven zoos across Scandinavia. Eight wolf cubs between four and six days old were removed from their natural parents and placed with other wolf packs in other zoos. The foster mothers accepted the new cubs placed in their midst.The welfare of the foster cubs and the wolves’ natural behavior were monitored using a system of surveillance cameras. The foster cubs had a similar growth rate as their step siblings in the recipient litter, as well as their biological siblings in the source litter. The foster cubs had a better overall survival rate, with 73% surviving until 33 weeks, than their biological siblings left behind, of which 63% survived. That rate of survival is similar to that seen in wild wolf cubs. Scientists believe that wolves can recognize their young, but this study suggests they can only do so once cubs are somewhere between three to seven weeks of age.If captive-bred cubs can be placed with wild-living families, which already have cubs of a similar age, not only will they have a good chance of survival, but they could help dramatically increase the diversity of the wild population, say the researchers. Just like the wild wolves they would join, these foster cubs would need protection from hunting. Their arrival could help preserve the future of one of nature’s most iconic and polarizing animals.8. What’s the theme of the passage?A. Giving wolf cubs a new lifeB. Foster wolf parents and foster cubsC. The fate of wild wolvesD. Changing diversity of wild wolves9. Which of the following flow chart best demonstrates the relationship between the wolves?A. B.C. D.10. Which of the following statements is true?A. Female wolves are willing to raise wolf cubs of 3 to 7 weeks old.B. Foster cubs are accepted by foster parents and are well bred.C. Man’s hostile attitude towards wolves roots in myths, fables and stories.D. Foster cubs and their biological siblings have similar growth rate and survival rate.11. What’s the purpose of the research?A. To help wolves survive various threatsB. To improve wolves’ habitat and stop deliberate killingC. To save endangered wolves by increasing their populationD. To raise man’s awareness of protecting wolvesDPeople from Britain and Ireland first came to live in Australia in 1788. They brought different dialects (方言) of English with them. These different kinds of English began to mix and change. The newcomers soon began to speak with their own typical accent (口音) and vocabulary. More and more people came to Australia during the Gold Rush in the 19th and 20th centuries. Some came from Britain and Ireland; others came from non-English speaking countries. Australian English continued to grow and change.Australian English has also been influenced by American English. During the Second World War, there were many American soldiers staying in Australia. More importantly, American television shows and music have been popular in Australia since the 1950s.Australians use many words that other English speakers do not use. The famous Australian greeting, for example, is G’day! A native forest is called the bush and central Australia is called the outback. Many words were brought to Australia from Britain and Ireland. For example, mate means “friend”, and it is still used in Britain. Some of these words have changed in meaning. Some words have come from Australian original languages, many of which are names for animals, plants and places, like dingo and kangaroo.Australian spelling comes from British spelling. In words like organise and realise, -ise is the expected and taught spelling method. In words like colour, favourite, -ouris the normal, but nouns such as the Labor Party and Victor Harbor are spelled with -or. Program, on the other hand, is more common than programme.There are also differences in the definition (定义) of words Australians use in different parts of the country. For example, football means “rugby” in New South Wales and Queensland, but “Australian rules football" in everywhere else in Australia. In New South Wales, a swimming costume is called a cossie or swimmers, while in Queensland it is called togs and bathers in Victoria.12. What does paragraph 1 mainly talk about?A. Reasons why English is important.B. Different dialects of Australian English.C. Various aspects that Australian English has been influenced.D. Changes of the accent and vocabulary in English.13. According to the text, which of the following is spoken only by Australians?A. Mate.B. Outback.C. Program.D. Rugby.14. Which is the following can best describe Australian English?A. Confusing and interesting.B. Multicultural and creative.C. Crazy and boring.D. Unchangeable and mixed.15. What might be the best title for the text?A. The History of AustraliaB. The Birth of Australian EnglishC. The Development of Australian EnglishD Different Kinds of English Across the World第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021届江苏省昆山中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及参考答案
2021届江苏省昆山中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAQUILA Children’s Magazine is the most intelligent read for curious kids. Full of enthusiastic articles and challenging puzzles, every issue covers science, history and general knowledge. AQUILA is a quality production, beautifully illustrated with contemporary artwork throughout.● Intelligent reading for 8-12 year-olds● Cool science and challenging projects● Inspires self-motivated learning● Exciting new topic every issueAQUILA is created and owned by an independent UK company. It has 28 pages,printed on high-quality paper and there are no advertisements or posters. Instead it is full of well-written articles, thought-provoking ideas and great contemporary artwork. Each monthly issue is centred around a new topic.AQUILA works as a superb learning extension to current primary (or KS2 and KS3) curriculum (课程), but it is much more than that! Entertaining and always surprising, AQUILA is recommended because it widens children’s interest and understanding, rather than encouraging them to concentrate only on their favourite subjects. It gives children a well-rounded understanding of the world, in all its complexity.The concepts in AQUILA can be challenging, requiring good comprehension and reading skills. 8 years is usually a good age to start. Some gentle interest from an adult is often helpful at the start.In 2020 AQUILA will have been in publication for 28 years, but it has never appeared in newsstands or shops. We are subscription only.AQUILA SubscriptionUK: 12 Months £55 - 4 Months £30Europe: 12 Months £60 -4 Months £35World: 12 Months £70 - 4 Months £35BirthdaysSelect the Birthday option, write a gift message and choose the birthday month. We will dispatch to arrive at the start of the month you have entered. The package posts in a blue envelope marked ‘Open on your birthday’.1.What is special about AQUILA?A.It is available in shops.B.It is for kids of all ages.C.It has no advertisements.D.It prints readers’ artworks.2.What does AQUILA offer its readers?A.Articles on modern art.B.Family reading materials.C.Ideas on improving readingskills.D.Knowledge beyond school subjects.3.AQUILA is intended for ________.A.foreign language learnersB.children with learning difficultiesC.parent-child reading loversD.curious kids with good comprehensionBAs a basic food in the Asian diet，soybeans（大豆）have been used to make tofu and soy milk for hundreds of years．But now，they are also being turned into an alternative to plastic wrap．William Chen，a professor of foodscience and technology at Singapore's Nanyang Technological University，invented the environmentally﹣friendly food wrap．It's made of cellulose（纤维素），a form of fiber，obtained from the waste generated by soy bean product producers．The beans are pressed tosqueeze out juice that's used to make tofu and soy milk．And what's left is usually thrown away，but Chen takes the waste and puts it through a fermentation（发酵）process，during which cellulose is produced．Cellulose﹣based plastic wraps have been on the market for a few years，but Chen says that most are made from wood or corn，grown for that purpose．By contrast，his wrap is made from a waste product，which doesn't compete with other crops for land and is more sustainable．Chen's technology could help to solve two problems at once：cutting plastic production and reducing the amount of food waste．"In Singapore，the amount of food waste generated every year could fill up 15，000 Olympic﹣sized swimming pools，" Chen says．F&N，a soy﹣based drinks producer，has partnered with Chen's lab and provides the product，straight from the factory．The company is conducting a study to assess whether the food wrap could complete commercially with conventional products．Chen adds，"The soy﹣based wrap costs almost nothing to makein the lab because the raw materials are free．Commercial production would involve additional expenses，such as storage and qualitycontrol，however，we have not calculated those costs yet．"Chen hopes neighboring soy﹣loving countries will be inspired bySingapore to adopt his innovation．"My dream is that our technology，which is cheap and simple，will cut plastic and food waste and create a cleaner environment，" Chen says．4. What is the second paragraph mainly about？A. The introduction to William Chen．B. The process of producing soy milk．C. The way to make soy﹣based wrap．D. The benefit of eating soy products．5. What's the biggest difference of Chen's wrap from other cellulose﹣based plastic wraps？A. It saves land for industry．B. It's more easilybroken down．C. It is made from the food waste．D. It has been put into practice for many years．6. What will commercial production of the food wrap cause？A. A lack of competitiveness．B. Poor quality of the wraps．C. A shortage of raw material．D. An increase in production costs．7. From which is the text probably taken？A. A personal diary．B. A travel guide．C. A book review．D. A scientific magazine．CYour house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious (难为情) when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots offood. If your home doesn’t have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the color1 s. Research suggests warm color1 s fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm color1 s like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold color1 s make us feel less hungry. So when it’s time to repaint, go blue.Don’t forget the clock—or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you’re at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makesyou less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12inch plate instead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.8. The text is especially helpful for those who care about ____________.A. their home comfortsB. their body shapeC. house buyingD.healthy diets9. A home environment in blue can help people ______________.A. digest food betterB. reduce food intakeC. burn more caloriesD. regain their appetites10. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A. Eat quickly.B. Play fast music.C. Use smaller spoons.D. Turn down the lights.11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Is Your House Making You Fat?B. Waysof Serving DinnerC. Effects of SelfConsciousnessD. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?DA lot of us lose life’s tough battles by starting a frontal attack—when a touch of humor might well enable us to win．Consider the case of a young friend of mine，who hita traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum about beinglate on the job．Although there was a good reason for Sam’s a being late—serious illness at home—he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn’t work any longer．His supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech．Yes，the boss was．Sam entered the office at 9：35．The place was as quiet as a locker room；everyone was hard at work．Sam’s supervisor came up to him．Suddenly，Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand．“How do you do！” he said．“I’m Sam Maynard．I’m applying for a job，which，I understand，became available just 35 minutes ago．Does the early bird get the worm？”The room exploded in laughter．The supervisor“clamped off”a smile and walked back to his office．Sam Maynard had saved his job—with the only tool that could win，a laugh．Humor is a most effective，yet frequently neglected，means of handling the difficult situations in our lives．It can be used for patching up differences，apologizing，saying “no”，criticizing，getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losingface．For some jobs，it’s the only tool that can succeed．It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel．For example，many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerancethan people in any other forum．12. Why was Sam late for his job？A. Because he was ill．B. Because he got up late．C. Because he was caught in a traffic jam．D. He was busy applying for a new job．13. The main idea of this passage is ________．A. Sam Maynard saved his job with humorB. humor is important in our livesC. early bird gets the wormD. humor can solve racial discriminations14. The phrase “clamped off” in Paragraph 3 means ________．A tried to hold back B. tried to setC. chargedD. gave out15. Which of the following statements can we infer from the passage？A. Many lose life’s battles for they are lacking in a sense of humor．B. It wasn’t the first time that Sam came late for his work．C. Sam was supposed to come to his office at 8：30．D. Humor is the most effective way of solving problems．第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年江苏省昆山中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案
2021年江苏省昆山中学高三英语期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AReturns & Refund Guarantee（保证；保证书）The “Returns & Refund Guarantee” is a promise provided by sellers for every item they sell on DHgate. com. When you receive an item that was bought and paid for on our site, and you find it is not as described or isof low quality, you can contact the seller to resolve these problems. DHgate will offer additional assistance if the seller is not cooperative.Scope（范围）The following points should not be included in the “Returns & Refund Guarantee”：▲The seller didn't make any promise.▲The seller can provide evidence to prove the items are as described.▲You didn't contact the seller within the promised time.▲You have released the payment to the seller before asking DHgate for help.Sellers are able to set up the following promises：Returning items for any reasonBuyers can return items for a refund within a specific date which has been set up by sellers, such as 3 days, and 7 days from the day when the items are received. The items' receiving date is the date that is indicated on the shipping carrier's official website. Buyers should prepay any return shipping cost, which will be given back to the buyers after the seller receives the items as long as the items are returned in the same exact condition as when they were delivered.Returns or Refunds accepted if the product has quality issuesBuyers can return the items for a refund when they are not as described or possess quality issues by communicating directly with the seller. The seller is responsible for the return shipping cost.Buyers can get a refund and keep the items when the items are not as described or possess quality issues by negotiating directly with sellers.1.Who can get additional assistance from DHgate in the guarantee?A.The buyers in physical stores.B.The buyers on DHgate. com.C.The sellers on DHgate. com.D.Both the buyers and the sellers.2.Which situation is within the scope of the guarantee?A.The seller didn't make any promise.B.The buyer has paid the seller in advance.C.The buyer asked for help within the promised time.D.The seller proves that there is nothing wrong with the item.3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Not all the sellers make promises.B.DHgate sometimes will pay the buyers.C.Sellers should prepay return shipping cost.D.The buyer can't keep the items after getting a refund.BAbout a billion birds die from flying into buildings each year inNorth America. Suspicions havebeen that birds may regard the open areas behind glass as safe passageways. Or they may mistake the reflected trees for the real thing.Researchers would like to reduce collisions, which requires a solid understanding about what makes a bird more or less likely to die by crashing into a building in the first place.“There was ly little known at a broad scale. Previous studies were at one small study site.'' Jared Elmore, a graduate student in natural resource ecology and management atOklahomaStateUniversity. So he and his colleagues used a previously created data set of building collisions for birds at 40 sites throughoutMexico,Canadaand theU.S.The first finding was obvious: bigger buildings with more glass kill more birds. But the details were more remarkable. "We found that life history predicted collisions. Migrants(候鸟), insect-eaters and woodland-inhabiting species collided more than their counterparts(同类).”Most migratory species travel at night, when lights near buildings can distract or disorient(使迷失方向)them. And Elmore thinks that insect-eating birds might be attracted to buildings because their insect prey(猎物)is attracted to the lights. He suspects that woodland species get tooled by the reflections of trees and bushes in the windows. The results are in the journal Conservation Biology.By understanding which birds are more likely to collide with buildings, researchers can perhaps determine the best way to adapt buildings, or their lighting, to help prevent such accidents. And by knowing risks, along withmigration timing and behavior, building managers can better predict when birds are at their greatest danger - and improve lighting strategics accordingly.Elmore's next project will use radar to help predict bird migrations. " I think that would maybe go a long way in terms of providing information to people, to the public, to building managers, on when they can get the most benefit in terms of lights-out policies."4. What is the possible reason for birds' crashing into buildings?A. They didn't see the buildings.B. They took reflections for reality.C. They assumed the windows to be open.D. They considered buildings as safe routes.5. What is Jared Elmore's study different from the previous ones?A. It created a new data set.B. It went beyond national borders.C. It covered a wider range of sites.D. I’ll studied some specific bird species.6. What was the most noticeable finding of Jared Elmore's study?A. Migratory species travel at night.B. Birds tend to be misled by glasses.C. Bigger buildings cause more collisions.D. Birds living habits give rise to collisions.7. Which of the following can help reduce bird collision?A. Adjust the lightening system.B. Attach radars to each building.C. Adopt strict lights-out policies.D. Ban using glasses on buildings.CThere are 195 countries in the world today but almost none of them have purple on their national flag. So what’s wrong with purple? It’s such a popular color1 today. Why would no country use it in their flag? The answer is really quite simple. Purple was just for too expensive.The color1 purple has been associated with royalty power and wealth for centuries. Queen Elizabeth Iforbade anyone except close members of the royal family to wear it. Purple’s high status comes from the rarity and cost of the dye (染料)originally used to produce it. Fabric traders got the dye from a small sea snail (海螺)that was only found in the Tyre region of the Mediterranean. More than 10,000 snails were needed to create just one gram of purple; not to mention a lot of work went into producing the dye, which made purple dye so expensive.Since only wealthy rulers could afford to buy and wear the color1 , it became associated with the royal family. Sometimes, however, the dye was too expensive even for royalty. Third century Roman Emperor Aurelio famously wouldn’t allow his wife to buy a scarf made from purple silk because it cost three times its weight in gold. A single pound of dye cost three pounds of gold, which equals 56,000 dollars today. Therefore, even the richest countries couldn’t spend that much having purple on their flags.The dye became more accessible to lower-class about a century and a half ago. In 1856, 18-year-old English chemist William Henry Perkin accidentally created a man-made purple compound (化合物)while attemptingto produce an anti-malaria drug. He noticed that the compound could be used to dye fabrics, so he patented the dye, manufactured it and got rich. Purple dye was then mass-produced so everybody could afford it.Till now, a handful of new national flags have been designed and a few of them have chosen to use purple in their flag. So don’t be making any bets just yet.8. Why was color1 purple expensive in the past?A. Because only royal families were allowed to wear purple.B. Because it took a long time to get purple dye from gold.C. Because purple was worth as much as its weight in gold.D. Because purple dye used to be rare and hard to produce.9. Why did Roman Emperor Aurelio forbid his wife to buy a purple scarf?A. Because of poor quality.B. Because of long tradition.C. Because of bad taste.D. Because of high price.10. What is purple's situation now?A. Purple has been widely used on national flags.B. Purple dye is now affordable to ordinary people.C. Royal family stop using purple because it’s toocommon.D. Fewer snails are used to produce purple dye than before.11. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. No Purple Flags?B. Purple vs GoldC. How to Produce Purple Dye?D. The Birth of Purple ColorDIt was once a shoreline buried by enough garbage to make it invisible (看不见的), thus, given the unfortunate nickname "toilet bowl" . Now the Philippines' Manila Bay beach is totally different, compared with a few months ago. It happened so suddenly and extremely that it brought tears to the eyes of the local people.The cleanup started on 27 January, when 5, 000 volunteers descended on Manila Bay to remove over 45 tons (公吨) of garbage, marking the beginning of a nation-wide environmental campaign. But some two months before this great movement began, a quiet revolution was already underway.During the first week of December 2018, Brooklyn- based Bounties Network collectedthree tons of garbage from Manila Bay aver two days through a project that paid a small group of people, mostly fishermen, with a digital currency (数字货币) based on the Ethereum system.For the mostly non-bank -using Filipino fishermen, this was a first-ever experience with a digital currency. It's one that proves decisive in enabling poor communities around the world to take up arms in the fight against humanity's waste.There are signs that this recycling-for-digital payment industry may be just about to take off. Earlier in September 2018, Plastic Bank, a Vancouver -based company powered by IBM technology, also started a similar project. They set up a project in Naga, a town in southern Luzon, the country's largest island, building a collection point to let people exchange plastic and recyclable materials for digital payouts through a system.That both these pioneers have chosen the Philippines as their first location is not surprising considering the country's contribution to ocean waste. A Wall Street Journal study in 2015 revealed that the Philippines make the third-largest amount of plastic waste into global oceans.12. Why did people call Manila Bay beach“toilet bowl” ?A. It looked like a huge bowl.B. There were plenty of toilets.C. It was covered by rubbish.D. People loved the toilets here.13. What does the underlined phrase“descended on”in paragraph 2 mean?A. Completely depended on.B. Suddenly arrived at.C. Occasionally decreased to.D. Gradually disappeared from.14. What made poor communities willing to fight against waste?A. The benefits to their homeland.B. The desire to make a difference.C. The chance to escape ocean pollution.D. The experience with a digital currency.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Online system helps endocean pollution.B. Manila Bay beach is suddenly removed.C. Plastic Bank is powerful in recycling waste.D. Philippines make a great amount of waste.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届江苏省昆山中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析
2020届江苏省昆山中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMarch means spring inSt. Louis. The city hosts plenty of events — both indoor and outdoor — that make March a perfect crowd-free month to visit. You may even want to plan your trip around it.See the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi GrasPHONE +1314-577-0888In the Butterfly House inFaustPark, thousands of bright blue butterflies are on display. These butterflies — types found mostly in South America, Mexico, and Central America — include over 29 different species and 147 subspecies(亚种）, making the venue a wonderful place for kids, as they can learn about the critical role butterflies play in nature.Enjoy March Madness with Arch MadnessPHONE +1314-622-5400March is the best time of the year for basketball fans. The action inSt. Louisbegins with March Madness, the Missouri Valley Conference Tournament. Games take place during the first week in March at theScottradeCenter.Catch a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway ShowPHONE +1314-534-1111Each month, the Fabulous Fox Theatre hosts a variety of touring Broadway shows. And while tickets are slightly cheaper than that inNew York City, the quality of the performances doesn’t lack one bit. Check the schedule and buy tickets ahead of time, as the shows generally fill the venue.Celebrate World Eagle Day at the World Bird SanctuaryPHONE +1636-225-4390World Eagle Day is celebrated with live eagle presentations, educational activities and games. Learn aboutAmerica’s national symbol, as well as other foreign species. Get your photo taken with your favorite bird or adopt an eagle.1. Which of the following is attractive to kids?A. Seeing the Butterflies at Morpho Mardi Gras.B. Enjoying March Madness with Arch Madness.C. Catching a Fabulous Fox Theatre Broadway Show.D. Celebrating World Eagle Day at the World Bird Sanctuary.2. If you are a basketball fan, you can call________.A. +1314-577-0888B. +1314-622-5400C. +1314-534-1111D. +1636-225-43903. Why does the author recommend the Fabulous Fox Theatre?A. It is one of the branches of Broadway.B. It isnot far away fromNew York City.C. It doesn't charge the audience for tickets.D. It provides wonderful shows with cheaper tickets.BIt's a popular belief that a fish's memory lasts for only seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they don't remember what they've eaten or where they’ve been, and they don't identify you or any of their friends--every moment intheir life would be like seeing the world for the first time.But don't be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have a much better memory than we used to think. In fact, certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as 12 days ago. In the study, researchers from Mac Ewan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food.They then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again. Researchers used computer software to monitor the fish’s movements.They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food. This suggested that they could remember their past experiences.In fact. scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. An earlier study showed that they behaved aggressively(挑衅地) in front of certain fish, perhaps because they remembered their past "fights".But until the latest findings, there was no clear evidence.Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to survivein the wild. "If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives at risk,"lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.For a long time, fish were placed far below chimpanzees, dolphins and mice on the list of smart animals.But this study has given scientists a new understanding of their intelligence.4. According to the text, people commonly believe that ______.A. fish don't recognize any of their friendsB. a fish's memory lasts for only seven minutesC. fish can only remember part of their past experiencesD. fish can remember things that happened long ago5. How can fish benefit most from a good memory?A. They can remember their enemies and fight.B. They can remember where to get food and survive.C. They can remember their friends and help each other.D. They can remember where to go when in danger.6. What can we learn from the text?A. Only African cichlids have a good memory.B. African cichlids can remember things for 12 days.C. African cichlids always treat other fish aggressively.D. African cichlids don't belong to the list of smart animals.7. What is the text mainly about?A. What we can learn from fish.B. Fish having a very bad memory.C. How fish improve their memory.D. Fish being smarter than we thought.CSome people take their holiday decoration very seriously. And some take it to the next level. The Griffith family in Kenova, West Virginia, is in this camp. They put on a display that shows they’re just filled with Halloween spirit.Each year, this family displays 3,000 pumpkins (南瓜) in front of their home for the Halloween season. Yes, you readthatright. Ric Griffith puts out one jack-o’ -lantern (南瓜灯) for every person who lives in Kenova.Of course he doesn’t do it all on his own. He has a lot of help from his family, and also from members of the community who are super-proud of what has become quite the tourist attraction over the years. More than 30,000 people stop by to see the amazing display, which includes jack‑o’‑lanterns cut to look like the faces of famous people, animals, cartoon characters, and other creative designs. It’s certainly a must-see as part of the area’s Ceredo-Kenova Autumnfest.To fit in all 3,000 pumpkins, Griffith and his helpers spread them across the home’s garden and front porch (门廊), as well as on the roof!Griffith began the tradition back in 1978 with just fivepumpkins and, many years later, it’s much bigger and better. People can’t help but come to the area, walking along the sidewalk outside the house to get that perfect Halloween experience.“Locals take great pride in it, and then there are people from around the country who plan fall trips and include it in their trips so they can see it,” said Tyson Compton, president of the Cabell‑Huntington Convention and Visitors Bureau. “It’s really something.”“It’s become a tradition for many people in our area, and it feels good to keep that going,” Griffith said.8. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The Griffiths selling 3,000 pumpkins a day.B. Ric Griffith giving 3,000 jack-o’‑lanterns to tourists.C. Ric Griffith teaching 3,000 people how to display jack-o’‑lanterns.D. The Griffiths decorating their house with 3,000 pumpkins.9. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Ric Griffith’s idea has received support from his community.B. There are only two kinds of jack-o’‑lanterns.C. Ric Griffith dislikes asking for help from others.D. There are 30,000 people in Kenova.10. What do we know about the tradition?A. It began with 1,978 pumpkins.B. It has lasted more than 40 years.C. It includes five pumpkin competitions.D. It encourages people to do more exercise.11. What’s Tyson Compton’s attitude towards the tradition?A. Worried.B. Uncaring.C. Favorable.D. Uncertain.DIt’s 13:30 and 28-year-old Marten Pella 's smart phone starts pinging, a signal that it’s time for us to stop working around his living room table and instead start our workout routine together. A cartoon character wearingbright red shorts on video begins instructing us to do star-jumps and sit-ups around his apartment.Pella, a research assistant at Stockholm University, is part of the Hoffice movement, which invites workers-freelancers（自由职业者）or full-time employees who can do their jobs remotely—to work at each other’s homes to increase productivity and enjoy an active social life.Those attending Hoffice events advertised on Facebook are typically asked to work silently in 45-minute blocks, before taking short breaks together to exercise, or simply chatting over a coffee. In addition, each participant shares daily objectives with the rest of the group upon arrival, and is invited to report back on whether or not they have achieved them at the end of the day.“Often when I am alone, I can work focused for a couple of hours but then I’m easily distracted（分心）.The help of others makes me so much more disciplined.” says Pella, who attends Hoffice events as both a guest and a host. Lunches mean networking and connecting with new contacts. “People are coming from really different areas and have different professions so there can be really interesting discussions,” he says.The Hoffice movement has grown quickly since it was founded in 2014 by Swedish psychologist Christofer Franzen, now 37. He had been giving lectures on the benefits of collective（集体的）intelligence, but realised he was spending most of his own time working alone at his kitchen table. “I wanted to test more structured home co-working with friends in similar situations,” he says.Franzen says that holding events in houses and apartments creates a unique atmosphere, because there’s a sense of community and desire to contribute. He’s looking for ways to expand the social value of Hoffice, by matching up members with relevant skills to share and even encouraging jobseekers to join its gatherings.12. Where is Pella when his smart phone starts pinging?A. In his own home.B. In his office.C. In another person’s home.D. At Stockholm University.13. What do people attending Hoffice events do first when they meet?A. Watch an exercise video.B. Work silently for 45 minutes.C. Tell each other their daily plans.D. Report what they have achieved.14. What does Franzen really mean by saying “friends in similar situations”?A. They usually work alone.B. They often give lectures.C. They study collective intelligence.D. They have to work at a kitchen table.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Sharing Comfortable WorkplacesB. A New Way to Make New FriendsC. Benefits of Collective IntelligenceD. Working from Others’ Homes第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案
2019-2020学年江苏省昆山中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either / or one, although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths)-related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also insists that the study of the humanities and social sciences must remain central elements of America’s educational system at all levels. Both areas are the key to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’ job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem; “major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to take advantage of every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and seize the opportunities, will be helpful to them and the nation.1. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A. STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B. The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C. The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students’ spiritual life.D. Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.2. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A. Their interest in relevant subjects.B. The academic value of the courses.C. The quality of education to receive.D. Their chances of getting a good job.3. What does the author say about the so called “soft” subjects?A. They benefit students in their future life.B. They broaden students’ range of interests.C. They just improve students’ communication skills.D. They are essential to students’ healthy growth.BWhy doesHaitiso tend to have fatal earthquakes? Earthquakes have been causing huge damage inHaitisince at least the 18th century. The capital city has been destroyed twice in 19 years. The 21st century has beenno more kind.The Earth’s outer shell is made tip of tectonic plates (构造板块) that move.Haitisits near the crossing of two tectonic plaits that make up the Earth’s outer shell. Earthquakes can occur when those plates move against each other and create friction (摩擦力).Haitiis also overpopulated. Plus, many of its buildings are designed to resist hurricanes but not earthquakes. Those buildings can survive strong winds bat are easy to fail down when the ground shrikes. Poor building practices can also play arole.“I think it’s important to recognize that there’s no such thing as a natural disaster,” said Wendy Bohon, a geologist. “What you have is a natural disaster that comes with a weak architecture system. We do know that earthquakes like this can cause huge damage because ofthefault,” said Wendy. “And it’s quite a significant risk in places that don’t have the construction practices to resist the shaking.”Construction of more earthquake-resistant buildings remains a challenge inHaiti, which is the poorest nation in theWestern Hemisphere. “While there have been some success stories of Haitians building more earthquake-resistant structures, the country has lacked a centralized effort to do so,” said Mark Schuller, a professor of anthropology and nonprofit and NGO studies atNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haiti’s government has become increasingly weak, while non-governmental organizations only focus on their own projects.“There is technical knowledge inHaiti, There are trained architects. There are cityplanners. That’s not the problem,” Schuller said. “The problem is a lack of funding for coordination (协调), and lack of political will fromdonors to organizations providing aid.”4. Which factor causing the huge damage is highlighted?A. Its overpopulation.B. Its weak government.C. Its geographical location.D. Its weak architecture system.5. What does the underlined part “the fault” in paragraph 4 refer to?A Lacking political will to provide aid.B. Lacking hurricane-resistant; buildings.C. Lacking earthquake-resistant buildings.D. Sitting on the crossing of two tectonic plates.6. What’s Schuller’s attitude towardsHaiti’s government?A Supportive. B. Critical.C. Indifferent.D. Interested.7. Which of the following can be a problem according tothe last paragraph?A. Fund and will.B. Skilled architects.C. Urban designers.D. Technology and money.CI was at the hardware store the other day and overheard a woman tell Ed., the manager, that fall was her favorite time of year. Ed., because he liked to keep his customers happy, agreed that fall was a wonderful season, but I could tell he was lying.I was going through my mind recently, trying to find sweet memories of fall. I failed. I met my wife in the summer and married her two summers later. My sons were born in the winter and summer, my granddaughter in the winter. I’ve been fried twice in my life, both in fall. One October, a truck carrying tofu ran a red light and hit me, destroying my favorite car, combining the three things I most hate - trucks, tofu and October.I'm not saying fall is without its attractions. The leavesare beautiful. But fall's vacillation (立场摇摆)is troubling, its effort (努力)to please everyone, its continuous search for the middle ground to be all things to all people. Say what you will about summer and winter, at least they have the courage to keep their opinions strong, even if they kill us with extreme heat or cold.I recently read a story of a man coming out of a three-month coma (昏迷). It started in early fall and ended just as winter came. I hope if I were ever in a coma I would be just as lucky as the man.Upon my awakening, one of my families who stood around my bed would ask. "Don't you remember anythingfrom the past three months?""Not the first thing," I would happily report.If I ever have enough money. I'm going to buy a second home inAustralia, so that when fall starts here, I can move there for three months, just when spring is starting.8. What did Ed think of the customers words according to the author?A. Ed understood them and supported the customer completely.B. Ed might hold a different opinion on the topic.C. Ed believed the customer wasn't telling the truth.D. Ed thought they stood for most peoples' opinion.9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.The author has a big and loving family.B. The author is having a hard time at work.C. It is important to follow the rules of the road.D. Nothing good has happened to the author in fall.10. Why does the author say the man in Paragraph 4 was lucky?A. Because he slept fall away.B. Because he ho sweet memories of fall.C. Because hedreamed of fill many times.D. Because he was met by his family when waking up.11. Which of the following does the author most want to do?A. Drivetracks.B. Eat tofu dishes.C. Watch leaves falling in fall.D. Move toAustraliain October.DWhat is the secret of happiness? A new study finds that happiness comes from exercise. People who exercise actively bring themselves happiness equal to earning an extra $25,000 ayear.Instead of recording extra hours at work in hopes of getting a raise, maybe you should hit the gym instead, as it could make you just as happy as that extra money. An interesting new study, published in the Lancet, found that people who are physically active have a greater sense of well—being than those who are inactive-and that active individuals feel as good as inactive people who earn $ 25,000 more per year.Researchers from Oxford and Yale Universities used data gathered from more than 1.2milion Americans. Theywere asked, “How many times have you felt mentally unwell in the past30 days. for example, due to stress, depression, or emotional problems?” Participants were also asked about their exercise habits and were able to choose from 75 diverse physical activities, including doing housework and childcare, running, weightlifting, and cycling. The researchers found that people who exercise regularly feel bad for an average of 35 days per year, while inactive people feel bad for an additional 18 days.All exercise types were associated with a lower mental health burden. Social physical activities（that is to say, team sports such as football, basketball, etc）had an even more positive effect, which can best help people relax mind.It is possible for some to get too much exercise. From Business Insider'sreport on the study. “The mental health of those participants who exercised for longer than three hours a day suffered more than that of those who weren't particularly physically active.” The ideal amount seems to be three to five training sessions per week. lasting 30 to 60 minutes each.But the conclusion should be that any amount helps, so don't stress about hitting that perfect balance: “All exercise types were associated with a lower mental health burden than not exercising.”12. The question asked in Paragraph one is meant to ______.A. introduce the researchersB. tell the secretC. draw a conclusionD. lead to the topic13. Which exercise below can help us relax mind most effectively?A. RunningB. Walking alone.C. Playing footballD. Keeping fit in the gym.14. According to the passage, the following are true EXCEPT that ______.A. people who exercise actively may feel bad for about 35 days per year.B. The more exercise you take, the higher mental health burden you will get.C. overdoing exercising will do harm to people's mental health.D. doing exercise is better than not doing it.15. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Exercise can bring as much pleasure as an income rise.B. The secret of happiness has nothing to do with wealth.C. Choosing the right form of exercise is of vital importance.D. The key to keep young is to exercise regularly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年江苏省昆山中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析
2020年江苏省昆山中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Rechargeable Go!☑The digital sound processing chip(芯片) provides clear sound and makes speech easier to understand with less whistling sound☑Never replace batteries again!Full Charge Gives 16 Hours of Use! (Free Charging Station Included)☑Easy On/ Off Button☑Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Canceler☑100% Money Back Guarantee5 Star Reviews☑☑☑☑☑Amazing!"My sisters had all given up hope that our elderly mother would hear us clearly again. And then we took a chance. We're so glad we did. They've been amazing for her, and for our entire family."-Karen M.The new HearClear GO Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids feature advanced digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price! The GO has the same key elements that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out fancy bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. You'll be happier saving much money!Your lightweight GO hearing aids are amazingly convenient! With the GO'S charging station, you won't have to keep replacing tiny hearing aid batteries, and the GO is pre-programmed for most mild to moderate hearing loss-no costly professional adjustments needed.You can spend thousands on an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $ 239 on a hearing aid that's great for most mild to moderate hearing loss (only $ 199 each when you buy a pair). We're so sure you'll be happy with your new hearing aids.1. Which is the feature of the GO?A. It removes noises.B. It has separate on/ off buttons.C. It includes small batteries.D. It focuses on practical functions.2. Why does the author refer to Karen?A. To prove the GO's popularity.B. To explain the GO'S function.C. To convey the family's amazement.D. To show the GO'S high performance.3. How much do you pay for a pair of the GO?A. $ 199.B. $ 239.C. $ 398.D. $ 478.BThere are similarities and differences between high school life and college life.For one thing, there are several similarities between high school life and collegelife. First, the most important task in high school and college is both studying. Studying is the most important as a student. Second, we need a goal to fight for in both high school life and college life. To lead a meaningful life, we have to set up a goal to achieve.For another, there are also some differences between high school life and college life. First, our studying is also the biggest difference. In high school, we are required to follow our teachers' steps and finish theirassignmentsevery day. While in college, there are no teachers giving such detailed requirements to us and we can choose study or not according to our own willing. What and how to study totally depends on us. Therefore, the ability of self-control is very important in college life. Second, the flexibility (灵活性) of time is another difference. In high school, we have no much leisure except for our time of study. However, in college, we have much controlled by ourselves except the time of classes. And we have more time to do what we like. Finally, college lifeis much more various and richer. Besides study, we can attend many other activities, which make our college life more wonderful.In brief, there are both similarities and differences between high school life and college life. However, no matter we are in which period, we need to make full use of every day so that we will never feel regretful.4. Why do students need a goal to fight in high school and college?A. To enter a good college.B. To avoid living a meaningless life.C. To develop the ability of control.D. To meet their parents’ satisfaction.5. What does the underlined word “assignments” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Projects.B. Tasks.C. Goals.D. Dreams.6. Which is the correct structure of the passage?A. ①-②③-④B. ①②-③-④C. ①-②③④D.①②-③④7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. College LifeB. High School LifeC. High School and CollegeD. High School Life and College LifeCThere will be more plastic than fish in the world’s oceans by 2050. That is what a new report from the World Economic Forum and Ellen MacArthur Foundation warns. If the current trend continues, the report said, oceans will contain one ton of plastic for every three tons of fish in 2025. By 2050, plastics will weigh more than fish. The problem is that each year at least 8 million tons of plastics end up in oceans around the world. This is the same as dumping the contents of one garbage truck into the ocean every minute.Not all plastic ends up in the ocean because someone throws a plastic bottle into the water. Plastic containers and other trash thrown onto streets and sidewalks often are swept into oceans. Unlike other types of trash in the ocean, the plastic never bio-degrades. There is a way to slow the amount of plastics going into the oceans — people can recycle more. Currently only about 14 percent of plastics are recycled. Research in Europe shows as much as 53 percent of plastic could be recycled using available technology. The report says that another solution is using less plastic for packaging products. But that is not likely to happen.“Given plastic packaging’s many benefits, both the possibility and desirability of an across-the-board dramatic reduction in the volume of plastic packaging used is clearly low, ”the report said. But the authors note reducing the use of plastics should be tried“where possible. ”For decades, scientists warned that plastics are killing fish. Research shows that fish are dying from choking after eating plastics. Another cause of death is that plastics cause“intestinal blockage and starvation, ”the environmental group said.8. Why is the garbage truck mentioned in Paragraph 1 ?A. To explain how plastics end up in the ocean.B. To warn people against the ocean pollution.C. To clarify the seriousness of the problem.D. To point out some details of the report.9. Why is plastic more dangerous than other types of trash?A. There is too much of it.B. It poisons the ocean water.C. It is from different sources.D. It is hard to break down.10. What is the author’s attitude to the suggested solutions?A. Pessimistic.B. Curious.C. Unconcerned.D. Terrified.11. What can we infer from the text?A. People are not aware of the problem.B. Recycling is limited by lack of technology.C. Plastic packaging has become part of our life.D. Fish in the ocean will be replaced by plastics.DTwenty years ago, I became involved in pet therapy(疗法) work with our Angel. As she matured and went through professional training, we realized that she would be good at this new job.Angel is ten now and works every week. She visits two hospitals providing day care for the elderly, and our library’s PAWS forReadingprogram. At the library, six to ten dogs lie on the floor, and the kids pick a book to read to a dog. After they finish, they get a card with the dog’s picture and history. Angel also helps out at a special-needs camp. She is so popular that everywhere we go people recognize her, especially the kids she has worked with.We have seen some very special things through our pet therapy work. I brought Angel to our local hospital to visit a woman who was completely unable to move the right side of her body from a stroke(中风). One day, my husband, Jack, got Angel up into a chair next to the woman’s bed, asking her if she wanted to give Angel a treat. She nodded. Angel gently took the treat. Then the woman raised her right hand and started petting Angel. Her friend couldn’t believe her eyes.After that, every time we saw the woman, she lifted her left hand. We’d tell her she had to use her right hand, and she would. Next, you’ll fall in love with this woman’s story of rearing her own Angel later in her family and why she calls it the best decision she ever made.12. Who is Angel?A. A pet trainer.B. A hospitalC. A therapy dog.D. The author’s kid.13. What does Angel usually do?A. Save seriously ill people.B. Pay visits to kids in hospital.C. Protect the elderly in their homes.D. Help children at a special camp.14. Why was the woman’s friend astonished?A The woman moved her right hand.B. The woman treated Angel.C. Angel helped the woman recover.D. Angel got along with the woman.15. What does the underlined word “rearing” in the last paragraph mean?A. Accompanying.B. Raising.C. Assisting.D. Training.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
江苏昆山中学高中英语词汇3500词
高中英语词汇3500词Aabandon [əˈbændən] v.抛弃，舍弃，放弃ability [əˈbɪlɪtɪ] n. 能力；才能able [ˈeɪb(ə)l] a. 能够；有能力的abnormal [æbˈnɔːm(ə)l] a. 反常的，变态的aboard [əˈbɔːd] prep. 上（船，飞机，火车，汽车等）abolish [əˈbɔlɪʃ] v. 废除，废止abortion [əˈbɔːʃ(ə)n] v. 人工流产，堕胎about [əˈbaʊt] ad. 大约；到处；四处prep. 关于；在各处；四处above [əˈbʌv] prep. 在……上面a. 上面的ad. 在……之上abroad [əˈbrɔːd] ad. 到（在）国外abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] a. 突然的，意外的，粗鲁absence [ˈæbsəns] n. 不在，缺席absent [ˈæbsənt] a. 缺席，不在absolute [ˈæbsəluːt] a. 完全，全部，绝对的absorb [əbˈsɔːb] v. 吸收，使全神贯注abstract [ˈæbstrækt] a./ n. 抽象的（作品）absurd [əbˈsɜːd] a.荒谬的，怪诞不经的abundant [əˈbʌndənt] a.大量,丰盛的,充裕的abuse [əˈbjuːz] v.（酗酒）滥用,虐待,恶语academic [ækəˈdemɪk] a. / n. 学术的，教学的academy [əˈkædəmɪ] n.专科学院,（美）私立学校accelerate [əkˈseləreɪt] v.（使）加速，加快accent [ˈæksənt] n. 口音，音调accept [əkˈsept] vt. 接受access [ˈækses] n. / v. 通道，入径，存取（计算机文件）accessible [əkˈsesɪb(ə)l] a. 可到达的，可接受的，易相处的）accident [ˈæksɪdənt] n. 事故，意外的事accommodation [əkɔməˈdeɪʃ(ə)n] n.住宿，膳宿accompany [əˈkʌmpənɪ] v. 陪同，陪伴，与…同时发生accomplish [əˈkʌmplɪʃ] v. 完成according to [əˈkɔːdɪŋ tʊ] ad. 按照，根据account [əˈkaʊnt] n. 账目;描述accountant [əˈkaʊnt(ə)nt] n. 会计，会计师accumulate [əˈkjuːmjʊleɪt] v. 积累，积聚accuracy [ˈækjʊrəsɪ] n. 准确，精确accuse [əˈkjuːz] v. 正确无误的,精确的accustomed [əˈkʌstəmd] a. 习惯于,惯常的ache [eɪk] vi.& n. 痛，疼痛achieve [əˈtʃiːv] vt. 达到，取得achievement [əˈtʃiːvmənt] n. 成就,成绩,功绩acid [ˈæsɪd] a. 酸的acknowledge [əkˈnɔlɪdʒ] v. 承认acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns] n. 熟人，（与某人）认识acquire [əˈkwaɪə(r)] v. 获得，得到acquisition [ækwɪˈzɪʃ(ə)n] n. 获得，得到acre [ˈeɪkə(r)] n. 英亩across [əˈkrɔs] prep. 横过，穿过act [ækt] n. 法令，条例v. （戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戏）；行动，做事action [ˈækʃ(ə)n] n. 行动active [ˈæktɪv] a. 积极的，主动的activity [ækˈtɪvɪtɪ] n. 活动actor [ˈæktə(r)] n. 男演员actress [ˈæktrɪs] n. 女演员actual [ˈæktʃʊəl] a. 实际的；现实的acute a.十分严重的,（病）急性的AD n. 公元ad [æd] (缩) =advertisement n.广告adapt [əˈdæpt] v. 使适应，适合，改编adaptation [ədæpˈteɪʃ(ə)n] n. 适应，改编本add [æd] vt.添加，增加addicted [əˈdɪktɪd] a. 上瘾，成瘾，入迷addition [əˈdɪʃ(ə)n] n.增加;（算数用语）加address [əˈdres] n. 地址adequate [ˈædɪkwət] a. 合适的，合乎需要的adjust [əˈdʒʌst] v.调整,调节,适应,习惯adjustment [əˈdʒʌstmənt] n. 调整，适应administration [ədmɪnɪˈstreɪʃ(ə)n] n.管理,行政部门admirable [ˈædmərəb(ə)l] a.值得赞赏的,可钦佩的admire [ədˈmaɪə(r)] v. 钦佩；羡慕admission [ədˈmɪʃ(ə)n] n. 准入, 接纳admit [ədˈmɪt] vt. 承认，准许（入场，入学，入会）adolescence [ædəʊ'lesns] n. 青春，青春期adolescent [ædəˈlesənt] n. 青少年adopt [əˈdɔpt] v. 收养，领养adore [əˈdɔː(r)] v. （不用于进行时）热爱，爱慕某人adult [ˈædʌlt] n. 成年人advance [ədˈvɑːns; (US) ədˈvæns] v. 推进，促进；前进advantage [ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ] n. 优点；好处adventure [ədˈventʃə(r)] n. 冒险；奇遇advertise [ˈædvətaɪz] vt. 为……做广告advertisement [ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt] n. 广告advice [ədˈvaɪs] n. 忠告，劝告，建议advise [ədˈvaɪz] vt. 忠告，劝告，建议advocate [ˈædvəkət] v. 拥护，支持，提倡aeroplane [`erə,pleɪn] n. (英)飞机affair [əˈfeə(r)] n. 事，事情affect [əˈfekt] vt. 影响affection [əˈfekʃ(ə)n] n. 喜爱，钟爱afford [əˈfɔːd] vt. 负担得起（……的费用）；抽得出（时间）；提供afraid [əˈfreɪd] a. 害怕的；担心Africa [ˈæfrɪkə]* n. 非洲African [ˈæfrɪkən] a. 非洲的，非洲人的n. 非洲人afte [ˈɑːftə(r)]r ad. 在后；后来prep. 在…之后；在后面conj. 在…以后afternoon [ɑːftəˈnuːn] n. 下午，午后afterward(s) [ˈɑːftəwəd(z)] ad. 后来again [əˈɡeɪn] ad. 再一次；再，又against [əˈɡeɪnst] prep. 对着，反对age [eɪdʒ] n. 年龄；时代agency [ˈeɪdʒənsɪ] n. 代理机构agenda [əˈdʒendə] n. （会议）议程表，议事日程agent [ˈeɪdʒənt] n. 代理人，经济人aggression [ˈəɡreʃ(ə)n] n. 侵略aggressive [ˈəɡresɪv] a. 侵略的；咄咄逼人ago [əˈɡəʊ] ad. 以前agree [əˈɡriː] v. 同意；应允agreement [əˈɡriːmənt] n. 同意，一致；协定，协议agricultural [æɡrɪˈkʌltʃər(ə)l] a. 农业的agriculture [ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)] n. 农业，农学ahead [əˈhed] ad. 在前，向前aid [eɪd] n. 援助；救护；辅助器具AIDS [eɪdz] n. 艾滋病aim [eɪm] n.目的；目标v. 计划，打算；瞄准；针对air [eə(r)] n. 空气；大气aircraft [ˈeəkrɑːft] n. 飞机(单复数同)airline n. 航空公司；航空系统airmail [ˈeəmeɪl] n. 航空邮件airplane [ˈeəpleɪn] n. （美）飞机airport [ˈeəpɔːt] n. 航空站，飞机场airspace [ˈeəspeɪs] n.领空,（某国的）空域alarm [əˈlɑːm] n. 警报album [ˈælbəm] n. 相册，影集，集邮簿alcohol [ˈælkəhɔl] n. 含酒精饮料，酒alcoholic [ælkəˈhɔlɪk] a. / n. 含酒精的，酒鬼algebra [ˈældʒɪbrə] n. 代数alike [əˈlaɪk] ad. 很相似地，同样地alive [əˈlaɪv] a. 活着的，存在的all [ɔːl] ad. 全部地a. 全（部）;所有的;总;整pron.全部;全体人员allergic [əˈlɜːdʒɪk] a. 过敏的，厌恶alley [ˈælɪ] n. 小巷，胡同allocate [ˈæləkeɪt] v. 拨给,划归,分配…给allow [əˈlaʊ] vt. 允许，准许allowance [əˈlaʊəns] n. 津贴，补助almost [ˈɔːlməʊst] ad. 几乎，差不多alone [əˈləʊn] a. 单独的，孤独的along [əˈlɔŋ; (US) əˈlɔŋ] ad. 向前；和…一起；一同prep. 沿着；顺着alongside [əlɔŋˈsaɪd; (US) əlɔːŋˈsaɪd] ad.在…旁边,与…同时aloud [əˈlaʊd] ad. 大声地alphabet [ˈælfəbet] n. 字母表，字母already [ɔːlˈredɪ] ad. 已经also [ˈɔːlsəʊ] ad. 也alternative [ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv] a.可供替代,非传统的although [ɔːlˈðəʊ] conj. 虽然，尽管altitude [ˈæltɪtjuːd; (US) ælˈtɪtuːd] n. 海拔高度altogether [ɔːltəˈɡeðə(r)] ad. 总共aluminium [æljʊˈmɪnɪəm] n. （化）铝always [ˈɔːlweɪz] ad. 总是；一直；永远am/æm/ v. be的人称形式之一ａ.m./A.M. n. 午前，上午amateur [ˈæmətə(r)] a. 业余爱好的amaze [əˈmeɪz] v. 惊奇，惊叹；震惊amazing [əˈmeɪzɪŋ] a.惊奇,惊叹的;震惊的ambassador (ambassadress) [æmˈbæsədə(r)] n.大使ambiguous [æmˈbɪɡjʊəs] a. 模棱两可的ambition [æmˈbɪʃ(ə)n] n.目标,野心,雄心,抱负ambulance [ˈæmbjʊləns] n. 救护车America [əˈmerɪkə] * n. 美国；美洲American [əˈmerɪkən] a. 美国的；美国人的n. 美国人among [əˈmʌŋ] prep. 在…中间；在（三个以上）之间amount [əˈmaʊnt] n. / v. 金额，数量，总计ample [ˈæmp(ə)l] a. 足够的，丰裕的amuse [əˈmjuːz] vt. （使人）快乐，逗乐amusement [əˈmjuːzmənt] n. 娱乐analyze/ `ænl,aɪz / v. 分析analysis [əˈnæləsɪs] n. 分析，分析结果ancestor [ˈænsəstə(r)] n. 祖宗；祖先acchor v. / n. 锚，抛锚ancient [ˈeɪnʃənt] a. 古代的，古老的and [ənd, ænd] conj. 和；又；而anecdote [ˈænɪkdəʊt] n. 逸事，趣闻anger [ˈæŋɡə(r)] n. 怒，愤怒angle [ˈæŋɡ(ə)l] n. 角度angry [ˈænɡrɪ] a. 生气的，愤怒的animal [ˈænɪm(ə)l] n. 动物ankle [ˈæŋk(ə)l] n. 踝，踝关节anniversary [ænɪˈvɜːsərɪ] n. 周年纪念日announce [əˈnaʊns] vt. 宣布，宣告announcement [əˈnaʊnsmənt] n. 通告，通知annoy [əˈnɔɪ] vt. （使）烦恼annual [ˈænjʊəl] a. 每年的，年度的，一年一次的another [əˈnʌðə(r)] a. 再一；另一；别的；不同的pron. 另一个answer [ˈɑːnsə(r); (US) ˈænsər] n.回答,答复;回信;答案v.回答,答复;回信;（作出）答案ant [ænt] n. 蚂蚁Antarctic [ænˈtɑːktɪk]a. 南极的the Antarctic [ænˈtɑːktɪk] 南极Antarctica [æn'tɑ:ktikə] * n. 南极洲antique [ænˈtiːk] n. 古董anxiety [æŋˈzaɪətɪ] n. 担忧，焦虑anxious [ˈæŋkʃəs] a. 忧虑的，焦急的any [ˈenɪ] pron. （无论）哪一个；哪些任何的；（用于疑问句、否定句）一些；什么anybody [ˈenɪbɔdɪ] pron. 任何人，无论谁anyhow [ˈenɪhaʊ] ad. 不管怎样anyone [ˈenɪwʌn] pron. 任何人，无论谁anything [ˈenɪθɪŋ] pron. 什么事（物）；任何事（物）anywa [ˈenɪweɪ]y ad. 不管怎样anywhere [ˈenɪweə(r)] ad. 任何地方apart [əˈpɑːt] ad, / a. 相隔，相距，除外apartment [əˈpɑːtmənt] n. （美）楼中单元房，一套房间；房间apologize [əˈpɔlədʒaɪz] vi. 道歉，谢罪apology [əˈpɔlədʒɪ] n. 道歉；歉意apparent [əˈpærənt] a. 显而易见appeal [əˈpiːl] v. 上诉，申诉，吸引力appear [əˈpɪə(r)] vi. 出现appearance [əˈpɪərəns] n. 出现，露面；容貌appendix [əˈpendɪks]n. 附录，阑尾appetite [ˈæpɪtaɪt] n. 食欲，胃口applaud [əˈplɔːd] v. / n. 鼓掌,赞许,赞赏apple [ˈæp(ə)l] n. 苹果applicant [ˈæplɪkənt] n. 申请人application [æplɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 申请apply [əˈplaɪ]v. 申请appoint [əˈpɔɪnt] v. 任命，委任，安排，确定（时间，地点）appointment [əˈpɔɪntmənt] n. 约会appreciate [əˈpriːʃɪeɪt] v. 欣赏；感激appreciation [əpriːʃɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 欣赏,鉴定,评估approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] n. / v. 靠近，接近，建议，要求appropriate [əˈprəʊprɪət] a. 合适的，恰当的approve [əˈpruːv] v.赞成,同意,批准,通过approximately [əprɔksɪˈmətlɪ] ad.近似，大约apron [ˈeɪprən] n. （机场的）停机坪arbitrary [ˈɑːbɪtrərɪ; (US) ˈɑːrbɪtrerɪ] a. 随心所欲的，独裁的，专断的arch [ɑːtʃ] n. 拱，拱门architect [ˈɑːkɪtekt] n. 建筑师，设计师architecture [ˈɑːkɪtektʃə(r)] n.建筑学，建筑设计，风格April [ˈeɪpr(ə)l] n. 4月Arab [ˈærəb] * a. 阿拉伯的n. 阿拉伯人Arabic [ˈærəbɪk] a. 阿拉伯语的n. 阿拉伯语Arctic [ˈɑːktɪk] a. 北极的the Arctic [ˈɑːktɪk] 北极the Arctic Ocean [ˈɑːktɪk ˈəʊʃ(ə)n] 北冰洋are [ɑː(r)] v.(be) 是area [ˈeərɪə] n. 面积；地域，地方，区域；范围，领域argue [ˈɑːɡjuː]vi. 争辩，争论argument [ˈɑːɡjʊmənt] n. 争论，辩论arise (arose, arisen) [əˈraɪz] vi. 起来，升起；出现arithmetic [əˈrɪθmətɪk] n. 算术arm [ɑːm] n. 臂,支架v. 以…装备,武装起来n. （美）武器,武力armchair [ɑːmˈtʃeə(r)] n. 扶手椅army [ˈɑːmɪ] n. 军队around [əˈraʊnd] ad. 在周围；在附近prep. 在……周围；大约arrange [əˈreɪndʒ] v. 安排，布置arrangement [əˈreɪndʒmənt]n. 安排，布置arrest [əˈrest] v. 逮捕，拘留arrival [əˈraɪv(ə)l] n. 到来，到达arrive [əˈraɪv] vi. 到达；达到arrow [ˈærəʊ] n. 箭；箭头art [ɑːt] n. 艺术，美术；技艺article [ˈɑːtɪk(ə)l] n.文章;东西,物品;冠词artificial [ɑːtɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l]a. 人工的，人造的artist [ˈɑːtɪst] n.艺术家as [əz, æz] ad.& conj.像……一样；如同；因为prep. 作为，当做ash [æʃ] n. 灰；灰末ashamed [əˈʃeɪmd] a. 惭愧；害臊Asia [ˈeɪʃə]* n. 亚洲Asian [ˈeɪʃ(ə)n, ˈeɪʒ(ə)n] a. 亚洲（人）的n. 亚洲人aside [əˈsaɪd] ad. 在旁边ask [ɑːsk] v. 问；请求，要求；邀请asleep [əˈsliːp] a. 睡着的，熟睡aspect [ˈæspekt] n. 方面，外观，外表assess [əˈses] v.评价,评定（性质,质量）assessment [əˈsesmənt] n. 看法，评价assist [əˈsɪst]v. 帮助，协助assistance [əˈsɪst(ə)ns] n. 帮助，援助，支持assistant [əˈsɪst(ə)nt] n. 助手，助理associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] v. 联想，联系association [əsəʊsɪˈeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 协会，社团，联系assume [əˈsjuːm; (US) əˈsuːm] v. 假定，假设assumption [əˈsʌmpʃ(ə)n] n. 假定，假设astonish [əˈstɔnɪʃ] vt. 使惊讶astronaut [ˈæstrənɔːt] n. 宇航员astronomer [əˈstrɔnəmə(r)] n. 天文学家astronomy [əˈstrɔnəmɪ] n. 天文学at [æt] prep.在（几点钟）;在（某处）athlete [ˈæθliːt] n. 运动员athletic [æθˈletɪk] a. 健壮的,体育运动的athletics [æθˈletɪks] n. 田径Atlantic [ətˈlæntɪk] a. 大西洋的the Atlantic Ocean [ətˈlæntɪk ˈəʊʃ(ə)n] 大西洋atmosphere [ˈætməsfɪə(r)] n. 大气；气氛atom [ˈætəm] n. 原子，微粒attach [əˈtætʃ] v. 把…固定，重视attack [əˈtæk] vt. / n. 攻击，袭击attain [əˈteɪn] v.（经过努力）获得,得到attempt [əˈtempt] vt. 试图，尝试attend [əˈtend] v. 看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加attention [əˈtenʃ(ə)n] n. 注意，关心attentively [ə'tentivli] ad. 注意地attitude [ˈætɪtjuːd; (US) ˈætɪtud] n. 态度，看法attract [əˈtrækt] v. 吸引，引起attraction [əˈtrækʃ(ə)n] n. 吸引，爱慕attractive [əˈtræktɪv] a. 迷人的，有吸引力的audience [ˈɔːdɪəns] n. 观众，听众authentic [ɜːˈθentɪk] a. 真正的，真品的author [ˈɔːθə(r)] n. 作者，作家authority [ɔːˈθɔrɪtɪ] n.权力,权威,威信,官方automatic [ɔːtəˈmætɪk] a. 自动的，机械的autonomous [ɔːˈtɔnəməs] a. 自治的，自主的August [ˈɔːɡəst] n. 8月aunt [ɑːnt; (US) ænt] n. 伯母；舅母；婶；姑；姨Australia [ɔˈstreɪljə] * n. 澳洲；澳大利亚Australian [ɔˈstreɪlɪən] a. 澳洲的，澳大利亚人的n. 澳大利亚人autumn [ˈɔːtəm] n. 秋天，秋季available [ˈɔːtəm] a. 可获得的，有空的avenue [ˈævənjuːˈævənuː] n. 大道average [ˈævərɪdʒ] a.平均；普通的n.平均数avoid [əˈvɔɪd] v. 避免，躲开，逃避awake (awoke, awoken) [əˈweɪk] v. 唤醒a. 醒着的award [wɔːd] n. 奖品，奖励aware [əˈweə(r)] a. 知道，意识到，发觉away [əˈweɪ] ad. 离开；远离awesome [ˈɔːsəm] a.令人惊叹,很困难的awful [ˈɔːfʊl] a. 很坏的，极讨厌的awkward [ˈɔːkwəd] a.令人尴尬,使人难堪的BBaby [ˈbeɪbɪ] n. 婴儿bachelor [ˈbætʃələ(r)] n. 未婚男子，单身汉back [bæk] ad. 回（原处）；向后a. 后面的n. 背后，后部；背backache [ˈbækeɪk] n. 背痛background [ˈbækɡraʊnd] n. 背景backward(s) [ˈbækwəd] ad. 向后bacon [ˈbeɪkən] n. 咸猪肉；熏猪肉bacterium [bækˈtɪərɪəm] (复bacteria) n. 细菌bad (worse, worst) [bæd] a. 坏的；有害的，不利的；严重的badly [ˈbædlɪ] ad. 坏，恶劣地badminton [ˈbædmɪntən] n. 羽毛球bag [bæɡ] n. 书包；提包；袋子baggage [ˈbæɡɪdʒ] n. 行李bake [beɪk] v. 烤；烘（面包）bakery [ˈbeɪkərɪ] n. 面包店balance [ˈbæləns] n. 平衡balcony [ˈbælkənɪ] n. 阳台；楼座ball [bɔːl] n. 球n. 舞会ballet [ˈbæleɪ] n. 芭蕾舞balloon [bəˈluːn] n. 气球ballpoint = ballpoint pen/ `bɔl,pɔɪnt / 圆珠笔bamboo [bæmˈbuː] n. 竹ban [bæn] n. 禁令v. 禁止；取缔banana [bəˈnɑːnə; (US) bəˈnænə] n. 香蕉band [bænd] n. 乐队bandage [ˈbændɪdʒ] n. 绷带bang [bæŋ] int. 砰bank [bæŋk] n. （河海湖的）岸，堤n. 银行bank account [bæŋk əˈkaʊnt] n. 银行账户bar [bɑː(r)] n. 条（长方）块，棒，横木n.（酒店的）买酒柜台；酒吧；（卖东西的）柜台barbecue [ˈbɑːbɪkjuː] n. 烤肉野餐barber [ˈbɑːbə(r)] n. （为男人理发）理发师barbershop/ `bɑrbər,ʃɑp / n. 理发店bare [beə(r)] a. 裸露的，光秃秃的bargain [ˈbɑːɡɪn] n. （经讨价还价后）成交的商品；廉价货v. 讨价还价bark [bɑːk] v. 狗叫n. 狗叫声barrier ['bærɪə] n. 屏障，障碍，关卡base [beɪs] n. 根据地，基地（棒球）垒baseball [ˈbeɪsbɔːl] n. 棒球basement [ˈbeɪsmənt] n. 地下室basic [ˈbeɪsɪk] a. 基本的basin [ˈbeɪs(ə)n] n. 水盆，脸盆basis [ˈbeɪsɪs] n. 原因，缘由，要素basket [ˈbɑːskɪt; (US) ˈbæskɪt] n. 篮子basketball [ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl] n. 篮球bat [bæt] n. （棒球、板球的）球棒n. 蝙蝠bath [bɑːθ; (US) bæθ] n. 洗澡；浴室；澡盆bathe [beɪð] vi. 洗澡；游泳bathrobe [ˈbɑːθrəʊb] n. 浴衣bathroom [ˈbɑːθruːm] n. 浴室，盥洗室bathtub ['bɑ:θtʌb] n. 澡盆battery [ˈbætərɪ] n. 电池battle [ˈbæt(ə)l] n. 战斗；战役battleground [ˈbæt(ə)lɡraʊnd] n. 战场bay [beɪ] n. 湾；海湾BC/ˌbiːˈsiː/ n. 公元前be [biː] v. 是（原形）,其人称和时态形式有(am, is, are, was, were, being, been)；成为beach [biːtʃ] n. 海滨，海滩beam [biːm] n. 平衡木bean [biːn] n. 豆，豆科植物beancurd ['bi:nkə:d] n. 豆腐bear [beə(r)] v. 承受，负担，承担；忍受；容忍n. 熊beard [bɪəd] n. （下巴上的）胡须beast [biːst]n. 野兽；牲畜beat (beat, beaten) [biːt] v. 敲打；跳动；打赢n. （音乐）节拍beautiful [ˈbjuːtɪf(ə)l] a. 美，美丽，美观的beauty [ˈbjuːtɪ] n. 美丽，美人because [bɪˈkɔz; (US) bɪˈkɔːz] conj. 因为become (became, be come) [bɪˈkʌm] v. 变得；成为bed [bed] n. 床bedclothes [ˈbedkləʊðz] n. 铺盖（被褥等）beddings [ˈbedɪŋ] n. 卧具，铺盖bedroom [ˈbedruːm] n. 寝室，卧室bee [biː] n.. 蜜蜂beef [biːf] n. 牛肉beehive [ˈbiːhaɪv] n. 蜂箱beer [bɪə(r)] n. 啤酒before [bɪˈfɔː(r)] prep. 在…以前；在…前面ad. 以前conj. 在…之前beg [beɡ] v. 请求，乞求，乞讨begin(began,begun) [bɪˈɡɪn]v.开始,着手beginning [bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ] n. 开始，开端behalf [bɪˈhɑːf] n. 代表某人，为了某人behave [bɪˈheɪv] v. 守规矩，行为behaviour/ bɪ`heɪvjər / n. 行为，举止behind [bɪˈhaɪnd]prep. (表示位置)在…后面ad. 在后面；向后being [ˈbiːɪŋ] n. 物；生物；人Belgium [ˈbeldʒəm] * n. 比利时belief [bɪˈliːf] n. 信条，信念believe [bɪˈliːv] v. 相信，认为bell [bel] n. 钟,铃;钟(铃)声;钟形物belly [ˈbelɪ] n. 肚子belong [bɪˈlɔŋ] vi. 属，附属below [bɪˈləʊ] prep. 在……下面belt [belt] n. （皮）带bench [bentʃ] n. 长凳；工作台bend (bent, bent) [bend] vt. 使弯曲beneath [bɪˈniːθ] prep. 在…下方（面）beneficial [benɪˈfɪʃ(ə)l] a. 有利的，有帮助的，有用的benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] n. / v.优势,益处,使…受益bent [bent] a. 弯的beside [bɪˈsaɪd] prep. 在…旁边；靠近besides [bɪˈsaɪdz] prep. 除…以外（还有）ad. 还有，此外best（good, well 的最高级） [best] a. & ad.最好的；最好地，最n. 最好的（人或物）best--seller [best- ˈselə(r)] n. 畅销书better (good, well 的比较级) [ˈbetə(r)] a.& ad. 较好的，更好的；好些；更好地；更，更多n. 较好的事物；较优者v. 改善；胜过betray [bɪˈtreɪ] v.出卖,泄露（机密）,辜负between [bɪˈtwiːn] prep. 在（两者）之间；在…中间beyond [bɪˈjɔnd] prep. (表示位置) 在…的那边bicycle [ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l] n. 自行车bid [bɪd] v./ n. 出价，投标，向（某人）道别big [bɪɡ] a. 大的bike = bicycle [baɪk] n. 自行车bill [bɪl] n.账单；法案，议案；（美）钞票，纸币billion [ˈbɪlɪən] num. 十亿，百亿bingo [ˈbɪŋɡəʊ] n. 宾戈游戏biochemistry n. 生物化学biography [baɪˈɔɡrəfɪ] n. 传记biology [baɪˈɔlədʒɪ] n. 生物（学）bird [bɜːd] n. 鸟birdcage [ˈbɜːdkeɪdʒ] n. 鸟笼birth [bɜːθ] n. 出生；诞生birthday [ˈbɜːθdeɪ] n. 生日birthplace [ˈbɜːθpleɪs] n. 出生地；故乡biscuit [ˈbɪskɪt] n. 饼干bishop [ˈbɪʃəp] n. 主教bit [bɪt] n. 一点，一些，少量的bite (bit, bitten) [baɪt] v. 咬；叮bitter [ˈbɪtə(r)] a. 有苦味的；痛苦的，难过的；严酷的black [blæk] n. 黑色a. 黑色的blackboard [ˈblækbɔːd] n. 黑板blame [bleɪm] n.& v. 责备；责怪blank [blæŋk] n.& a. 空格，空白（处）；空的；茫然无表情的blanket [ˈblæŋkɪt] n. 毛毯，毯子bleed [bliːd] vi. 出血，流血bless [bles] vt. 保佑，降福blind [blaɪnd] a. 瞎的block [blɔk] n. 大块；（木、石等）块；街区；路障vt. 阻塞；阻挡blood [blʌd] n. 血，血液blouse [blaʊz; u.S. blaʊs] n. 宽罩衫；（妇女、儿童穿的）短上衣blow [bləʊ] n. 击；打击blow (blew, blown) [bləʊ] v. 吹；刮风；吹气blue [bluː] n. 蓝色a.蓝色的a. 悲伤的；沮丧的board [bɔːd] n. 木板；布告牌；委员会；（政府的）部v. 上（船、火车、飞机）boat [bəʊt] n. 小船，小舟boat--race [bəʊt-reɪs] n. 划船比赛boating [ˈbəʊtɪŋ] n. 划船（游玩），泛舟body n. 身体body--building [ˈbɔdɪ-ˈbɪldɪŋ] n. 健美boil [bɔɪl] v. 沸腾；烧开；煮……bomb [bɔm] n. 炸弹v. 轰炸bond [bɔnd] n. /v. 纽带，联系，使牢固bone [bəʊn] n. 骨头，骨质（复数bones骨骼；骨骸）bonus [ˈbəʊnəs] n. 津贴，奖金，红利book [bʊk] n. 书；本子v. 预定，定（房间、车票等）bookcase [ˈbʊkkeɪs] n. 书橱bookmark [ˈbʊkmɑːk] n. 书签bookshelf/ `bʊk,ʃelf / n. 书架bookshop [ˈbʊkʃɔp] n. 书店bookstore [ˈbʊkstɔː(r)] n. 书店boom [buːm] n. / v. 繁荣，轰鸣，激增boot [buːt] n. 长统靴；靴booth [buːð] n.岗；（为某种用途而设的）亭或小隔间telephone booth [ˈtelɪfəʊn- buːð]电话亭border [ˈbɔːdə(r)] n. 边缘；边境，国界bored / bɔrd / a.（对人，事）厌倦的，烦闷的boring / `bɔrɪŋ / a. 乏味的，无聊的born [bɔːn] a. 出生borrow [ˈbɔrəʊ] v. （向别人）借用；借boss [bɔs] n. 领班；老板botanical [bəˈtænɪk(ə)l] a. 植物学的botany [ˈbɔtənɪ] n. 植物；植物学both [bəʊθ] a. 两；双pron. 两者；双方bottle [ˈbɔt(ə)l] n. 瓶子bottom [ˈbɔtəm] n. 底部；底bounce [baʊns] v. 弹起，蹦，上下晃动bound [baʊnd] a. 被束缚的；被绑的；有义务的v.& n. 跳跃boundary [ˈbaʊndərɪ] n. 边界，界限bow [bəʊ] v.& n. 鞠躬，弯腰行礼bowl [bəʊl] n. 碗bowling [ˈbəʊlɪŋ] n. 保龄球box [bɔks] n. 盒子，箱子boxing [ˈbɔksɪŋ] n. 拳击（运动）boy [bɔɪ] n. 男孩boycott [ˈbɔɪkɔt] v. 拒绝购买，抵制brain [breɪn] n. 脑（子）brake [breɪk] n. 闸vi. 刹车branch [brɑːntʃ] n. 树枝；分枝；分公司，分店；支部brand [brænd] n. 品牌brave [breɪv] a. 勇敢的bravery [ˈbreɪvərɪ] n. 勇气bread [bred] n. 面包break [breɪk] n. 间隙break (broke, bro ken) [breɪk] v. 打破（断，碎）；损坏，撕开breakfast [ˈbrekfəst] n. 早餐breakthrough [ˈbreɪkθruː] n. 重大进展，突破breast [brest] n. 乳房，胸脯breath [breθ] n. 气息；呼吸breathe [briːð] vi. 呼吸breathless [ˈbreθlɪs] a. 气喘吁吁的，上气不接下气的brewery [ˈbruːərɪ] n. 啤酒厂（公司）brick [brɪk] n. 砖；砖块bride [braɪd] n. 新娘bridegroom [ˈbraɪdɡruːm] n. 新郎bridge [brɪdʒ] n. 桥brief [b riːf] a. 简洁的bright [braɪt] a. 明亮的；聪明的brilliant [ˈbrɪlɪənt] a. 巧妙的，使人印象深刻的，技艺高的bring (brought, brought) [brɪŋ] vt. 拿来，带来，取来Britain [ˈbrɪtən] * n. 英国；不列颠British [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] a. 英国的；大不列颠的；英国人的the British [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] n. 英国国民；大不列颠人broad [brɔːd] a. 宽的，宽大的broadcast [ˈbrɔːdkɑːst] n. 广播节目broadcast（broadcast, broadcast或--ed,--ed）[ˈbrɔːdkɑːst] vt. 广播brochure [brəʊˈʃə(r); (US) brəʊˈʃʊər] n. 资料（或广告）手册broken [ˈbrəʊkən] a. 弄坏了的broom [bruːm] n. 扫帚brother [ˈbrʌðə(r)] n. 兄；弟brotherhood [ˈbrʌðəhʊd] n. 兄弟般的关系brown [braʊn] n. 褐色，棕色a. 褐色的，棕色的brunch [ˈbrʌntʃ] n. 早午饭（晚早饭）brush [brʌʃ] v. 刷；擦n. 刷子bucket [ˈbʌkɪt] n. 铲斗；桶Buddhism [ˈbʊdɪz(ə)m] n. 佛教Buddhist ['budist] n. 佛教徒budget [ˈbʌdʒɪt] n. 预算buffet [ˈbʊfeɪ; (US) bəˈfeɪ] n. 自助餐build (built, built) [bɪld] v. 建筑；造building [ˈbɪldɪŋ] n. 建筑物；房屋；大楼bun [bʌn] n. 馒头；小甜面包bunch [bʌntʃ] n. 串,束,扎,大量,大批bungalow [ˈbʌŋɡələʊ] n. 平房burden [ˈbɜːd(ə)n] n. （义务，责任的）重担，负担bureaucratic [bjuəˌrəu'krætik] a. 官僚的burglar [ˈbɜːɡlə(r)] n. 入室窃贼burial [ˈberɪəl] n. 埋葬burn (--ed, --ed 或burnt, burnt) [bɜːn] v. 燃，烧，着火；使烧焦；使晒黑n. 烧伤；晒伤burst [ˈbɜːst] v. 突然发生；突然发作bury [ˈberɪ] vt. 埋；葬bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车bus stop [bʌs stɔp] n。
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附表：江苏省昆山中学新高一英语词汇复习a.m abbr. 午夜至正午，上午，午前ability n. 能力able adj. 能，能够above prep. 在…上面abroad adv. 到（在）国外absent adj. 缺席的accept vt.& vi. 接受，收受achieve vt. 实现，达到achievement n. 成就，成绩across prep. 在…对面；穿过，横过act vt.& vi. 行动；表演action n. 行动，行为active adj. 积极地；活跃的；主动的activity n. 活动actor n. 演员actress n. 女演员add vt.& vi. 增加，补充address n. 地址advantage n. 优势，有利条件advice n. 建议，忠告，劝告advise vt.&vi. 建议，忠告，劝告afford vt. 买得起；能做Africa n. 非洲African adj. 非洲（人）的after conj. 在……以后after-school adj. 课外的，课后的against prep 紧靠，碰，撞against prep. 对抗；与……相反；违反age n. 年龄ago adv. 以前agree vt.&vi. 同意；应允agreement n. 一致，同意air n. 空气，大气airport n. 机场alive adj. 活着的allow vt. 允许all-time adj. 一向的；空前的almost adv. 几乎，差不多alone adj. 独自，单独along prep. 沿着，顺着aloud adv. 大声地；出声地already adv. 已经although conj. 尽管，虽然America n. 美洲American adj. 美国的American n. 美国人among prep. 在……中；在三者或以上中分配或选择ancient adj. 古代的，古老的animal-lover n. 喜欢动物的人another det. & pron. 别的；不用的；又一，另一ant n. 蚂蚁anybody pron. 任何人anyone pron. 任何人anything pron. 任何事anyway adv. 尽管，即使这样anywhere adv. 任何地方appear vi. 出现area n. 地区；面积army n. 大批，大群around adv. 大约；到处，向各处prep. 围绕，在…周围arrive vi. 到达article n. 文章artistn. 艺术家，（尤指）画家as conj. 正如，如同；当……时，随着；因为as adv. 和......一样as prep. 作为，当作Asia n. 亚洲Asian adj. 亚洲（人）的asleep adj. 睡着的attend adv. 经常去；出席attention n. 注意，专心Australia n. 澳大利亚Australian adj. 澳大利亚（人）的avoid vt. 避免awake adj. 醒着的away adv. 离开，远离awful adj. 糟糕的，很坏的back n. 后部；背部backgound n. 背景badly adv. 严重地，厉害地balloon n. 气球bamboo n. 竹bank n. 银行baseball n. 棒球basic adj. 基础的，基本的basket n. 篮子bathroom n. 浴室，盥洗室beach n. 海滩bean n. 豆，豆科植物beat vi.&vt. （使）规律作响，作节奏运动because conj. 因为become linking v. 开始变得，变成bedroom n. 卧室beef n. 牛肉before adv. 以前，过去，已经before conj. 到...为止；在...之前beginning adv. 开始，起初behind adv. 在后面believe vt. 相信bell n. 钟，铃below n. 下面below prep. 在…下面bench n. 长椅best adj. （good的最高级）最好的best adv. (well的最高级)最，最好的better adj. (good/well的比较级)较好，更好better adv. (well的比较级)较好，更好bill n. 账单biology n. 生物birth n. 出生，诞生biscuit n. <英>饼干bit n. 一点，少量blind adj. 瞎的blindness n. 失明block n. 街区blood n. 血blouse n. （女子的）短上衣，衬衫blow vi.&vt. 吹；刮board n. 木板book vt.&vi. 预定，订（房间，车票等）bookshop n. 书店bored adj. 无聊的boring adj. 乏味的born adj. 天生的borrow vt. 借，借用boss n. 老板，上司both det.&pron. 两个（都）bottle n. 瓶子bottom n. 底，底部bowl n. 碗，盆brain n. 大脑brave adj. 勇敢的break vi. 损坏；打破bridge n. 桥bright adj. 明亮的British adj. 英国的broken adj. 损坏了的，破碎的build vt. 建造，建筑building n. 建筑物，房子，楼房burn n. 烧伤，烫伤，灼伤burn vt.&vi. 烧伤；烧business n. 公事，商业，生意but conj.&prep 除……外；只有by adv. 经过by prep 不迟于，在...之前；在……旁边，靠近camera n. 照相机camp n. 营地，阵营camping n. 野营Canada n. 加拿大Canadian adj. 加拿大（人）的cancel vt. 取消；终止candle n. 蜡烛canlendar n. 日历；挂历capital n. 首都care n. 照料，照顾care vi.&vt. 关心，关注，在意careful adj. 仔细的，认真的；小心的carefully adv. 仔细地，认真地；小心地careless adj. 粗心的carelessly adv. 满不在乎地；粗心地carelessness n. 粗心carrot n. 胡萝卜carry vt. 拿，提，搬cartoon n. 卡通片，动画片catch vt. 捕捉，捕获cause n. 原因vt. 导致；造成celebrate vi.&vt. 庆祝，庆贺cent n. 分；分币central adj. 中心的，中央的centre n. <英>中心=<美>center century n. 世纪，百年certain adj. 确定的certainly adv. 必定地，无疑地chairperson n. 主席chalk n. 粉笔chance n. 机会change n 零头，找头；改变，变化change vi.&vt. 改变，变化cheap adj. 便宜的check n. 检查check vt. 检查cheer n. 欢呼声，喝彩声cheer vi.&vt. 欢呼，喝彩chemistry n. 化学chess n. 国际象棋chocolate n. 巧克力choice n. 选择choose vi.&vt. 选择；挑选chopsticks n. （复）筷子Christmas n. 圣诞节circle vi.&vt. 围绕；将……圈起来classmate n. 同班同学classroom n. 教室clear adj. 晴朗的；清晰地clear vi. 清除，清理clearly adv. 清晰地climb vt.&vi. 爬，攀登climber n. 登山者，攀爬者close adj. 亲密的；严密的closed adj. 关闭的closely adv. 密切地cloud n. 云club n. 俱乐部coach n. 教练；长途汽车coal n. 煤coast n. 海岸coffee n. 咖啡coin n. 硬币collect vt. 收集，搜集college n. 学院comfortable adj. 舒适的，使人舒服的coming adj. 即将来临的common adj. 普通的，一般的，常见的communicate vi.&vt. 交流，交际communication n. 交流，交际community n. 社区compare vt.&vi. 比较competition n. 竞赛，比赛；竞争complete adj. 完全的，彻底的complete vt. 完成completely adv. 完全地concert n. 音乐会condition n. 环境，条件，状况connect vt. 连接consider vt. 认为；考虑continue vt. 继续control n. 控制，支配control vt. 控制，支配conversation n. （非正式的）交谈，谈话cookie n. <美>饼干cooking n. 烹饪，烹调cool adj. 酷的，绝妙的copy n. 一本（份，册）；副本corner n. 拐角，街角，角落correct adj. 正确的correctly adv. 正确地cost n. 费用，价钱cost vt. 值（多少钱），需付费cough vi. 咳嗽could modal v. 可以，能，会count vt.&vi.计算（或清点）总数；数数country n. 国家；乡下，农村countryside n. 农村，乡下couple n. 夫妇，一对；两人，两件事物，几个人，几件事物courage n. 勇气course n. 课程；过程cover n. 庇护所；封面；盖子，罩cover vt. 报道，电视报道；覆盖，包括cowboy n. 牛仔crazy adj. 着迷的，狂热的；发疯的create vt. 造成，引起；创造，创建cross vt. 穿过，横过culture n. 文化cup n. 茶杯，杯customer n. 消费者，顾客cut vt. 剪下，切下，割下cute adj. 可爱的讨人喜欢的daily adj. 每日的，日常的dancer n. 舞蹈者dancing n. 跳舞，舞蹈danger n. 危险dangerous adj. 危险的dark adj. 昏暗的；深色的，暗色的dark n. 黑暗date n. 日期daughter n. 女儿dead adj. 死的deaf adj. 聋的deal n. 很多deal vi. 处理dear excl. 哎呀，天哪，啊decide vt.&vi. 决定decision n. 决定deep adj. 深的degree n. 度数delicious adj. 美味的，可口的depend vi. 依靠，依赖，指望describe vt. 描述develop vt.&vi. 发展；加强development n. 发展dialogue n. 对话diary n. 日记dictionary n. 字典die vi. 死difference n. 差异，不同（之处）different adj. 不同的difficulty n. 困难；费力dig vt.&vi. 挖（洞，沟等）direct adj. 直达的，直接的direct vt. 导演；指导direction n. 方向director n. 导演discover vt. 发现，发觉discovery n. 发现；发现物discuss vt. 讨论，议论discussion n. 讨论dish n. 一道菜；盘,碟divide vt.&vi. 分开，分DIY n. 自己动手做dollar n. 美元done adj. 完毕，结束double adj. 双的；两倍的doubt vt. 怀疑down prep. 沿着，向下drawing n. 画画dream n. 梦想；梦dream vi.&vt. 做梦，梦想dress vt.&vi. 穿着，穿衣drive vt. 驾车送（人）; 驾驶，开（车）drop vi.&vt. 下降，落下dry adj. 干的；干燥的dumpling n. 汤圆，饺子during prep. 在…期间DVD=digital videodisc abbr. 数码影碟Each det.&pron. 每人.每个.每件. earth n. 地球earthquake n. 地震easily adv. 容易地，不费力地east n,adj&adv 东，东方eastern adj. 东部的，东方的education n. 教育either adv. 也either det.&pron. 两者之一elder adj. 年纪较长的elderly adj. 年老的electronic adj. 电子的else adv. 另外;其他empty adj. 空的encourage vt. 鼓励；劝告end n. 终止；末尾，终点end vt.&vi. 结束enemy n. 仇人，敌人，反对者engineer n. 工程师，技师England n. （英国）英格兰enjoy vt. 享受……的乐趣，欣赏；喜爱enough adv. 足够地，充分地enough det.&pron. 足够（的），充分（的）enter vt. 进入environment n. 环境eraser n. <美>橡皮especially adv. 特别，尤其Europe n. 欧洲European adj. 欧洲的European n. 欧洲人even adv. 甚至ever adv. 曾经everybody pron. 每人，人人everyday adj. 每天的；日常的everyone pron. 每人，人人everything pron. 每件事，每样事物，一切everywhere adv. 到处exactly adv. （答语）正是，没错exactly adv. 确切地，精确地exam=examination n. 考试，测试example n. 例子，榜样excellent adj. 杰出的，极好的except prep. 除了…以外excited adj. 激动的exciting adj. 激动人心的excuse vt. 原谅,宽恕expect vi. 期待，指望；预料expensive adj. 昂贵的experience n 经历，经验explain vi. 解释express vt. 表达face vt. 面临；面对fact n. 事实factory n. 工厂fail vt.&vi. 失败fair n. 集市；庙会；展览会fall n. <美>秋天fall vi. 落下，掉落；倒famous adj. 出名的，著名的fan n. 迷，狂热爱好者fantastic adj. 极好的，美妙的fat adj. 胖的fat n. 脂肪fear n. 害怕，恐惧feed vt. 喂，喂养feel vt. 感觉到，意识到feeling n. 感觉，感受festival n. 节日fever n. 发烧few det.&pron. 不多的，少数（的）field n. 地，田fight n. 打仗（架）fight vt.&vi. 打仗（架）；与…打仗（架）fighter n. 斗士，战斗者；战斗机fill vt. 使充满final adj. 最终的，最后的finally adv. 最后fine adv. 够好，蛮不错fine vt. 罚款finger n 手指finished adj. 完成finish vt.&vi. 完成；结束fire n. 火first adv. 首先fish vi. 捕鱼；钓鱼fisherman n. 渔民，钓鱼的人fit adj. 健康的；适合的fit n. （尤指衣服）适合，合身fit vi. 可容纳，装进fit vt.&vi. 适合，合身fix vt. 修理fixed adj. 固定的flag n. 旗帜flood n. 洪水，水灾follow vt. 跟随，仿效foot n. 英尺force vt. 强迫，迫使foreign adj. 外国的forest n. 森林forget vt.&vi. 忘记fork n. 叉，餐叉form n. 表格form vt.＆vi. 形成France n. 法国free adj. 空闲的；免费的；自由的，不受束缚的French adj 法国（人）的French n. 法语fresh adj. 新鲜的fridge (=refrigerator) n. 冰箱friendly adj. 友好的friendship n. 友谊front n. 前面full adj. 圆的；满的fun n. 享乐;乐趣;有趣的事funny adj. 好笑的，滑稽的further adj. 更多的，更进一步的further；farther adv. （far的比较级）较远furthest；farthest adv. （far的最高级）最远future n. 将来garden n. 花园，果园gate n. 大门general adj. 总的；普遍的；首席的gentleman n. 先生geography n. 地理German adj. 德国（人）的Germany n 德国gift n. 礼物gift n. 天赋，才能giraffe n. 长颈鹿glad adj. 高兴的glass n. 玻璃杯；玻璃glasses n. （复）眼镜glove n. 手套glue n. 胶水gold n. 黄金，金牌good-looking adj. 好看的，漂亮的government n. 政府grade n. 年级grammar n. 语法granddaughter n. （外）孙女grandparent n. 祖父（母）grandson n. （外）孙子grape n. 葡萄grey adj. 灰色的ground n. 地，地面group n. 组，群grow vt.（使）生长，发育；长大，长高guard vt. 守卫，保卫guess n. 猜，猜测guess vt. 猜，猜测guest n. 客人，宾客guide n. 导游，向导guitar n. 吉他gun n. 枪habit n 习惯hall n. 礼堂，大厅hamburger n. 汉堡包hand vi 交，递，给handbag n. 女用皮包，手提包handsome adj. 英俊的hang vi.& vt. 垂下；悬挂happen vi. 发生hard adj. 辛苦的，艰难的adv. 努力地；费力地hardly adv. 几乎不hard-working adj. 勤奋的，努力工作的harmful adj. 有害的hat n. （通常指有檐的）帽子hate vt. 讨厌，恨headache n. 头痛health n. 健康heart n. 心脏heat n. 热heavily adv. 沉重地；猛烈地height n. 高，高度helpful adj. 愿意帮忙的，有用的helpless adj. 无助的hen n. 母鸡hero n. 偶像；英雄hers pron. 她的herself pron. 她自己hide vi.＆vt. 藏，隐藏highly adv. 高度地；高地high-speed adj. 高速的hill n. 小山himself pron. 他自己history n. 历史hit vt. 到达；击中，撞hobby n. 业余爱好hold vi. （打电话时）等待，不挂断hold vt. 举行；握住，拿hole n. 洞hometowm n. 家乡homework n. 家庭作业honest adj. 诚实的；正直的hope n. 希望vt. 希望hotel n. 旅馆housework n. 家务活however adv. 然而huge adj. 巨大的human n. 人humorous adj. 幽默的hundred num. 百hurry n. 急忙，匆忙hurry vi. 急忙，匆忙hurt adj. 受伤的hurt vt.&vi. 使受伤，伤害；疼husband n. 丈夫ice n. 冰if conj. 如果if conj. 是否illness n. 疾病imagine vt.&vi. 想象，设想impatient adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的important adj. 重要的impossible adj. 不可能的include vt. 包括，包含increase n. 增加increase vt. 增加India n. 印度Indian adj. 印度（人）的industry n. 工业；产业influence vt. 影响information n. 信息inside adv. 在（或向）里面inside prep. 在…里面instead adv. 反而，却instruction n. 指示instrument n. 乐器；工具；器械interest n. 令人感兴趣的事（或人）；兴趣international adj. 国际的Internet n. 网络interview n. 采访，会见interviewer n. 采访者into prep. 到...里面introduce vt. 介绍introduction n. 引言；介绍invent vt. 发明invention n. 发明物；创意inventor n. 发明者invite vt. 邀请island n. 岛屿IT abbr. 信息技术itself pron. 它自己jacket n. 夹克衫，短上衣Japan n. 日本Japanese adj. 日本（人）的job n. 工作join vi. 加入，参加joke n. 玩笑journey n. 旅行，旅程just adv. 刚才just adv. 只是keep vt. 保持；留着；不退还；养，饲养key n. 钥匙keyboard n. 键盘kick vt. 踢kill vi.&vt. 杀死kilo(=kilogram) n. 千克，公斤kilometre=km n. <英>千米，公里=<美>kilometerkind n. 种类king n. 国王kiss n. 亲吻knee n. 膝，膝盖；坐下时大腿朝上的面knife n. 刀knock vi. 敲，击vt. 碰，撞；把…撞击成knowledge n 知识laboratory=lab n. 实验室lady n. 女士，夫人land n. 陆地land vi.&vt. （使）着陆，（使）降落language n. 语言large adj. 大的；大型号的last adv. 最近，上一;，最后last det. 最近的；上一个的last vi. 持续lasting adj. 持久的later adv. 随后，后来latest adj. 最新的，最近的laugh vi. 笑，大笑law n. 法律，法规lay vt. 放，搁lazy adj. 懒惰的lead n. 领先地位；榜样lead n. 主角，扮演主角的演员lead vi.&vt. 领导，带领leader n. 领导者leaf n. （树、菜）叶learn vi.&vt. 学，学习，学会least adj. 最少的；最小的leave vt. 离开leave vt. 使处于某种状态lemon n. 柠檬lend vt. 借给less pron. 较少（的），更少（的）letter n. 信，函level n. 水平lie n. 谎言lie vi. 说谎lie vi. 躺，平放lie vi. 位于life n. 生活；生命lifetime n. 终身，一生lift vt 举起，抬高，提高lightning n. 闪电like prep. 像，类似；…怎么样lion n. 狮子list n. 清单litter n. 垃圾，杂物litter vi.&vt. 乱丢杂物little pron. det 不多的，少数的live adv. 在现场直播，在实况直播lively adj. 活泼的；生气勃勃的living adj. 活着的，活的living n. 生存，生计local adj. 本地的，当地的lock vt. 锁locked adj. 锁上的London n. 伦敦lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的lose vt. 迷失；丢失lose vt. 失去，被…夺去；输掉lost adj. 迷路的，迷失的lot n. 许多，好些loud adj. 响亮的；大声的；喧闹的loud adv. 大声地loudly adv. 大声地lovely adj. 可爱的；美丽的，迷人的low adj. 低的，矮的luck n. 好运，幸运luckily adv. 幸好，幸运的是lucky adj. 幸运的是machine n. 机器mad adj. 发疯的；生气的magazine n. 杂志magic n. 魔法main adj. 主要的make linking v. 成为；适合mall(= shopping mall) n. 大型购物中心manage vi 设法完成，管理manager n. 经理mark n. 分数mark n. 污点，斑点mark vt. 表明；标志market n. 市场married adj. 已婚的，结婚的marry vi.&vt. 结婚，嫁，娶match n. 比赛，竞赛match n. 火柴match n. 相配；般配match vi.&vt. 与……相配，般配mathematics=maths n. 数学matter n. 事情，问题matter vi. 要紧，有重大影响may modal v. 可以;也许;可能maybe adv. 也许，可能meal n. 一餐（饭）mean vt. 意思是，意味着meaning n. 意思meat n. （猪、牛、羊等的）肉medical adj. 医学的，医疗的medicine n. 医学；药meeting n. 会议；集会member n. 成员mention vt. 提及；说起menu n. 菜单mess n. 乱七八糟message n. 消息，音信method n. 方法metre n. <英>米，公尺=<美>meter middle n. 中间，中央might modal v. 或许，可能mile n. 英里million num. 百万mind n. 头脑mind vt.&vi. 介意mine pron. 我的miss n. 错误，过失miss vt. 错过，失去miss vt. 想念，思念missing adj. 缺少的；丢失的mistake n. 错误，失误mistake vt. 误以为mix vt.& vi. 混合model n. 模特；模型modern adj. 现代的；新式的money n. 钱more adv. （程度上）更强，更多more det.&pron. 更多（的）most adv. （程度上）最大，最高most det.&pron. 大多数，大部分most pron. 大部分，大多数mountain n. 高山mouse n. 老鼠，耗子mouse n. 鼠标move vi.&vt. 活动，移动，搬迁movie n. <美>电影museum n. 博物馆musician n. 音乐家must v 应该，必须，一定myself pron. 我自己name vt. 命名national adj. 国家的natural adj. 自然的，天然的nature n. 大自然，自然界nearly adv. 几乎，将近necessary adj. 必须的，必要的neck n. 脖子need n. （食物，钱等的）短缺，缺乏need n. 需要的事物；欲望need vt. 需要neighbour n. <英>邻居=<美>neighbor neither adv. 也不neither conj. （否定句中）两者之一不nervous adj. 紧张不安的never adv. 从不，绝不news n. 新闻，消息newspaper n. 报纸nobody=no one pron. 没有人，无人nod vt.&vi. 点头noise n. 声音，响声；噪音noisy adj. 吵闹的，嘈杂的none adj. 没有一个（人或物）noon n. 正午nor conj. 也不north n,adj&adv 北，北方north-east n.adj.&adv 东北方northern adj. 北方的，北部的north-west n.,adj.&adv. 西北方note n. 笔记；便条notebook n. 笔记本nothing pron. 没有什么notice n. 布告，通知notice vt. 注意，察觉number n. 数，数量o’clock adv. （表示整点）...点钟object n. 物品，东西off adv. 离开，脱离offer vt. 主动提出，自愿给予office n. 办公室officer n. 官员oh excl. 哦，啊oil n. 石油；原油；食用油OK (=okay) adv. 好，对;不错on adv. 向前移动，进行下去；（电灯等）开once adv. 曾经，一度once adv. 一次only adj. 仅有的，唯一的only adv. 只，只有，仅opposite prep 在...对面；与...相反opposite n. 对立的人（或物）or conj. 否则order n. 命令，指挥，要求order n. 顺序order vt. 点（菜）order vt. 订购other adj. 另外，其他other pron. 另外，其他ours pron. 我们的ourselves pron. 我们自己out adv. （从…里）出来，向外，外出outside adv. 在外面outside prep. 在…外面over prep 从一边到另一边over adv. 穿过over adv. 结束over prep. 超过over prep. 在…期间over prep. 在…上面own vt. 拥有，所有own adj. 自己的p.m abbr. 下午，午后Pacific adj. 太平洋的page n. 页，页面，页码pain n. 痛，疼痛paint n. 颜料paint vt. 用颜料涂pair n. 双，对，副palace n. 皇宫，宫殿pale adj. 苍白的pancake n. 烙饼，薄饼paper n 纸paper n. 文件，证明pardon excl. （用于请求别人重复）什么，请再说一遍park vt.&vi. 停车parking n. 停车part n. 部分pass vt.&vi. 经过，通过passage n. 章节，乐段passenger n. 乘客passport n. 护照past adj. 过去的past n. 过去past prep. 晚于past prep. 在另一边，到另一侧patient adj. 耐心的patient n. 病人pay vt. vi 付费peace n. 安宁；和平；和睦peacefully adv. 宁静地；和平地pear n. 梨perfect adj. 极好的，完美的perhaps adv. 或许，可能period n. 一段时间，时期person n. 人personal adj. 个人的；私人的pet n. 宠物phone=telephone n. 电话physics n. 物理（学）pick vt. 采，摘pick vt. 拾起pick vt. 挑选picnic n. 野餐pie n. 派，馅饼piece n. 块（片，张，件…）pilot n. 飞行员pink adj. 粉红色的pioneer n. 先锋，开拓者pity n. 同情pity n. 遗憾，可惜plan n. 打算，计划plan vt. 打算，计划planet n. 行星play n. 戏剧，剧本player n. 运动员pleasure n. 高兴，乐意plenty pron. 大量，充足pocket n. 口袋poem n. 诗歌point n. 分数point n. 要点point vi. 指，指向policeman n. 警察polite adj. 礼貌的politely adv. 礼貌地pollute vt. 污染polluted adj. 被污染的pollution n. 污染，污染物pool n. 水池，水塘poor adj 贫穷的；可怜的pop=pop music n. 流行音乐popular adj. 受喜爱的，受欢迎的population n. 人口possibility n. 可能性possible adj. 可能的post n. 邮政post vt. <英>邮寄=<美>mail postcard n. 明信片postman n. 邮递员pound n. 英镑practice n. 练习，训练，实践practise vi.&vt. <英>练习；训练=<美>practicepractise vt. 从事，执业praise n. 赞扬，表扬praise vt.. 赞扬，表扬prepare vt.. 准备present n. 礼物present n. 现在，目前present vt. 颁发；提交president n. 总统，国家主席pretty adj. 漂亮的，俊俏的price n. 价格，价钱pride n. 骄傲；可引以为豪的人（或物）primary adj. 小学教育的，初级的print vt.&vi. 打印，印刷private adj. 私人的prize n. 奖赏，奖品probably adv. 大概，或许problem n. 问题，难题produce vt. 导致，产生product n. 产品，成果programme n. <英>节目；计划，方案=<美>programprogress n. 进展，进步project n. 项目，工程；课题promise vt.&vi. 承诺，允诺pronounce vt. 发音pronunciation n. 发音proper adj. 符合习俗的，正确的properly adv. 正确地，适当地protect vt. 保护proud adj. 自豪的，骄傲的provide vt. 提供public adj. 公共的,公开的public n. 民众，群体pull vi.&vt. 拉；拖；移开punish vt. 处罚，惩罚purple adj. 紫色的purpose n. 目的push vi.&vt. 推，挤quarter n. 四分之一quarter n. 一刻钟queen n. 女王question n. 问题quick adj. 快的quickly adv. 迅速地，飞快地quiet adj. 安静的；寂静的quite adv. 相当，非常rabbit n 兔，家兔race n. 竞赛；赛跑radio n. 无线电广播（节目）；收音机railway n. 铁路rainy adj. 有雨的raise vt. 募集raise vt. 饲养raising n. 升高rapid adj. 快的，迅速的rapidly adv. 快地，迅速地reach vt. 到达reach vt. 伸手（脚）够到read n 读物reader n. 读者reading n. 阅读ready adj. 准备好，准备完毕real adj. 真实的，真的realize(=realise) vt&vi. 意识到，实现real-life adj. 真实生活的really adv. （答语时表示感兴趣或惊讶）的确，确实reason n. 原因，理由receive vt. 收到，接到recently adv. 近来，最近record n. 记录record vt. 记录record vt. 录制，录（像），录（音）refuse vt 拒绝，回绝regret vt.&vi. 后悔；遗憾relationship n. 关系relative n. 亲戚relax vi. 放松，休息remain vi. 逗留，保持不变remember vt. 记住，记得repair vt. 修补repeat vi.&vt. 重复reply n. 答复，回答reply vi. 答复，回答report n. 报告report vt. 举报，报告require vt. 需要，要求research n. 研究；调查rest n. 其余的部分（人）rest n. 休息，歇息rest vi. 休息，歇息restaurant n. 餐馆result n. 结果return vt 归还return vi. 返回review n 评论rich adj. 丰富的；富有的ride n. 乘坐（游乐设施）ride vt. 骑（马，自行车等）riding(= horse riding) n. 骑马right n. 权利ring n. 环，圈；戒指ring vt.&vi. 给……打电话；响起铃声rise vi. 上升；升起risk vt. 冒险做risk n. 风险，危险road n. 路，道路robot n. 机器人rock n. 岩石role n. 角色rope n. 绳索rose n. 玫瑰（花）round adj. 圆形的round adv. 周围，绕一整圈；转过来row n. （一）排，（一）行row vt. 划（船）rubber n. <英>橡皮rubbish n. 垃圾，废弃物rule n. 规则ruler n. 统治者，管理者run vi 流动rush vi. 冲，奔Russia n. 俄罗斯Russian n. 俄罗斯人sadly adv. 令人遗憾地，不幸地，伤心地sadness n. 悲哀，忧伤safe adj. 安全的safety n. 安全，保险salad n. 沙拉sales n （复）销售量salt n. 盐same adj. 同一的，相同的sand n. 沙；沙滩sandwich n. 三明治satisfied adj. 满意的，满足的satisfy vt. 满足，使……满意save vt. 救，救助save vi.&vt. 储存，节省scarf n 围巾schoolwork n. 课业scientist n. 科学家scissors n. [复]剪刀score n. 得分score vt.&vi. 得分screen n. 显示屏，屏幕sea n. 海search vt.&vi. 搜查，搜寻，搜索seat n. 座位sec. abbr. （=second）秒secret adj. 秘密的secret n. 秘密secretary n. 秘书seem v. 好像，似乎，看来seldom adv. 很少，不常sell vi.&vt. 卖，出售send vt. 发送；邮寄sense n. 感觉；观念，意识sentence n. 句子separate vi.&vt. 分开，隔开serious adj. 认真的，严肃的serve vi. &vt. 服役；服务，招待service n. 服务；工作set vi.&vt. 创建，建立several det. 几个，数个shake n. 摇动，震动shake vi.&vt. 摇动，震动shaking n. 摇动，震动shall modal v. （表示提出或征求建议）shall modal v. 将，将会shame n. 憾事；羞愧shape n. 形状，外形shape vt. 使成形，塑造share vt. 合用；分享shine adj. 光亮，光泽shine vi. 照耀，发光shop vi. 购物shopping n. 购物should modal vt. 应当，应该shoulder n 肩膀shout n. 呼喊，喊叫声shout vt.&vi. 大声说，叫，嚷show n. 演出，秀show vt. 教；演示；展示show vt. 引，带，领shower n. 淋浴器；淋浴shower n. 阵雨；阵雪shut vt. 关上，封闭；合拢shy adj. 害羞的sick adj. 生病的；恶心的side n. 侧，边sign n. 指示牌silence n. 安静，寂静；沉默silent adj. 寂静的silk n. （蚕）丝；丝绸silly adj. 傻的；愚蠢的silver n. 银，银牌similar adj. 同样的，类似的simple adj. 简单的simply adv. 仅仅，简直since conj. 由于，既然since conj. 自...以来since prep. 自…以来singer n. 歌手single adj. 单身的；单个的sir n. 先生situation n. 形势，情况size n. 尺码，大小skating n. 溜冰skill n. 技能，技巧sky n. 天，天空sleepy adj. 困倦的；瞌睡的slowly adv. 缓慢地smart adj. 衣着讲究的；精干的smell vt. 嗅，闻到smile n. 微笑smile vi. 微笑smiling adj. 微笑的，带着笑意的smoke n. 烟，烟雾smoke vt.&vi. 吸（烟)，抽（烟) smooth adj. 光滑的，平坦的smoothly adv. 平整地；顺利地snake n. 蛇snowy adj. 有雪的so adv. 如此;这么;非常so conj. 因此，所以social adj. 社会的society n. 协会；社会sofa n. 沙发soft adj. 柔软的；柔和的solve vt. 解决；解答somebody pron. 某人，有人someone pron. 某人something pron. 某事，某物sometime (=some time) adv. 在某时somewhere adv. 在某处son n. 儿子soon adv. 很快，不久sorry adj. 难过的，遗憾的sound linking v. 听起来sound n. 声音south n,adj&adv 南，南方south-east n.,adj.&adv. 东南方south-east n.,adj.&adv. 东南方southern adj. 南方的，南部的south-west n.,adj.&adv. 西南方space n. 空间spare adj 空闲的，多余的speaker n. 说话人；演讲者special adj. 特殊的，特别的specially adv. 专门地，特地speech n. 演说，讲话，发言；台词speed n. 速度spell vt.&vi. 拼写spend vt. 度过spend vt. 花费（时间或金钱）spirit n. 精神；幽灵；灵魂spoon n. 匙，调羹spread n. 扩散;分布；展开spread vt.&vi. （使）散开；扩散square adj. 方形的square adj. 平方的square n. 广场stamp n. 邮票standard n. 标准start vt.&vi. 开始，着手state n. 国家；州station n. 局,所,站stay n. 停留，逗留stay vi. 停留，逗留steal vt. 偷，窃取step n. 步骤；措施step n. 台阶，梯级step n. 一步step vi. 走，跨步stick n. 树枝，枝条；棍，棒stick vt.&vi. 粘住，钉住still adv. 仍然stomach n 腹部，胃stone n. 石头store n. <美>商店store vt. 储藏，存储storm n. 风暴，暴（风）雨storyteller n. 讲故事的人straight adj. 笔直的straight adv. 径直地strange adj. 奇怪的；陌生的stranger n. 外来者，陌生人strawberry n. 草莓strict adj. 严格的，严厉的student n. 学生study n. 书房stupid adj. 愚蠢的subject n. 话题，主题succeed vi. 成功succeeefully adv. 成功地success n 成功successful adj. 成功的such det.&pron. 这样的（人或物）sudden adj. 突然的suddenly adv. 突然sugar n. 食糖；糖suggest vt. 建议suggestion n. 建议support vt. 支持support n. 支持suppose vt. 猜想，假定，料想sure adj. 确知，肯定，有把握sure adv. （口）当然surface n. 表面；表层surprise n. 惊奇，诧异surprise vt. 使惊奇，使措手不及surprised adj. 吃惊的，惊讶的survey n. 调查sweet adj. 可爱的，惹人喜爱的sweet adj. 甜的sweet n. <英>糖果；甜点=<美>candy swimmer n. 游泳者swimming n. 游泳tail n. 尾巴take vt. 需要……时间，费时talk n. 讲座，演讲tape n. 磁带；胶带task n. 任务taste n. 味道；品味taste v. 有…的味道tasty adj. 味道好的teach vt. 教team n. 队;组technology n. 技术temperature n. 温度tennis n. 网球term n. 学期terrible adj. 可怕的test n. 测试，考察test vt. 测试；检验than prep. 比that adv. 那么，这样that conj. （用于动词、形容词或名词后引导从句）theatre n. <英>戏院，剧场=<美>theater theirs pron. 他（或她、它）们的themselves pron. 他们自己thick adj. 厚的；密的；浓的thing n. 东西，物品thirsty adj. 口渴的though conj. 虽然，尽管thought n. 想法，看法，主意thousand num. 千through adv. （电话）接通through prep. 穿过，通过through prep. 以，凭借through prep. 自始至终，从头到尾throw vt. 扔，投，掷thunder n. 雷，雷声ticket n. 票，入场券tidy adj. 爱整洁的，整洁的tidy vi.&vt. 收拾，整理tie vt 捆，绑tie n. 领带till conj. 到...时，直到...才till prep. 到…时，直到…为止time n. 次，回time n. 时期，时代tiny adj 极小的tip n. 指示，指点tiring adj. 使人疲劳的，累人的together adv. 在一起，共同ton n. 吨tonight adv. 今晚tool n. 工具tooth n. 牙齿toothache n. 牙痛top adj. （位置、级别等）最高的top n. 顶部，（物体的）上面total adj. 总的，总计的，全部的touch vt 感动，触动touch vt. 触摸，碰touch n. 触摸，碰tour n. 旅行tourist n. 旅行者，观光者towards(=toward) prep. 向，朝town n. 镇城镇traden. 贸易traditional adj. 传统的traffic n. 交通，来往车辆train vi. 接受训练；培训，训练training n. 培训，训练translate vt 翻译travelling n. 旅行treasure n. 宝藏treat n. 招待treat vt. 治疗；处理trip n. 旅行，旅游trouble n. 麻烦truck n. <美>卡车true adj. 确实的;的确true adj. 真的，真实的trust n. 信任trust vt. 信任truth n. 事实，真相T-shirt n T恤衫，短袖汗衫turn n. 轮流，（轮流的）顺序twice adv. 两次ugly adj 丑陋的UK abbr. （=United Kingdom）英国uncomfortable adj. 使人不舒服的；不舒适的underground adj. 地下的underground n. 地铁understand vt.&vi. 理解，明白unhappy adj. 不快乐的，悲伤的unit n. 机件，单位university n. 大学unknown adj. 未知的；不出名的unless conj. 除非unsure adj. 不确定，没把握untidy adj. 不整洁的until conj 直到...为止unusual adj. 不寻常的up adv. 完全地upon=on prep. 在……上up-to-date adj. 最新的；现代的USA(=United States of America) abbr. 美国useful adj. 有用的，有益的usual adj. 通常的，平常的usually adv. 通常，经常vacation n. <美>假期valuable adj. 宝贵的，贵重的value n. 价值victory n. 胜利video n. 录像;视频village n. 村庄，乡村violin n. 小提琴visitor n. 访问者，参观者voice n. 嗓音volleyball n. 排球wake vi.&vt 醒，醒来，唤醒walking n. 散步，步行wall n. 墙wallet n. 钱包war n. 战争warn vi. 警告，waste n. 废料，废品waste n. 浪费watch n. 手表watermelon n. 西瓜weak adj. 虚弱的，无力的wealth n. 财富wealthy adj. 富有的website n. 网站weekday n. 工作日（星期一至星期五的任何一天）weekend n. 周末weekly adj. 每周的weigh v. 重，有…重weight n. 重量well excl. （表示同意，犹豫等）好吧，那么，哎呀west n.adj.&adv 西，西方Western adj. 西方的western n. 西部电影；西部小说wet adj. 湿的；未干的；有雨的whatever pron. 任何，一切事物wheel n. 轮子，车轮whenever conj. 无论何时whether conj. 是否which pron. 哪一个while conj. 当……的时候，和……同时while conj. 然而while n. 一会儿，一段时间whole adj. 整个的whom pron. 谁（宾格）wide a dj. …宽的，宽广的wide a dv. 充分地widely adv. 广泛地，普遍地wife n. 妻子wild adj. 野生的wild n. 自然环境，野生状态will modal v. 将，将会win vt.&vi. 赢得；赢，获胜wind n. 风wing n. 翅膀winner n. 获胜者wise adj. 明智的，充满智慧的wisely adv. 明智地，充满智慧地wish n. 希望，祝愿wish vt. 希望，祝愿without prep. 没有wonder n. 奇迹wonder vi.&vt. 琢磨，想知道；感到诧异wood n. 木头，木材work n. 作品，著作work vi. 奏效，产生预期的效果world n. 世界world-famous adj. 世界著名的，举世闻名的worried adj. 担心的，烦恼的worry n. 担心；令人担忧的事worse adj. （bad的比较级）更差，更糟，更坏worst adj. （bad的最高级）最差，最糟，最坏worth adj. 值得；值……钱would modal v.（表示客气地建议或邀请）wound vt. 使……受伤writer n 作者，作家wrong adv. 错误地，不对X-ray n. X光，X射线yard n. <美>院子yeah excl. <口>是的yet adv. 还，仍yours pron. 你的，你们的yourself pron. 你自己yourselves pron. 你们自己zebra n. 斑马zero num. 零词组(all) over again 再；重新 a bit 有一点a couple of 一对；几个，几件a few 一些，少量a great deal (of) 大量，许多a little 一点，少许a lot of(=lots of) 许多，大量a number of 一些a pair of 一对，一双，一副a piece of 一块（片，张，件…）above all 首要的是according to 根据action film 动作片African American （非洲裔）美国黑人after all 毕竟after class 下课后after school 放学后agree with sb 同意某人（的看法）all day long 整天地all kinds of 各种各样的all one's life 一生all over 到处，遍及all over the world 遍及全世界all right 行了，好吧all the best 一切顺利，万事如意all the time 一直，总是all year round 一年到头and so on ...等等animal sign 生肖any time （=anytime)在任何时候arrive at/in 到达art form 艺术形式as a result因此as good as 和……几乎一样，简直是as soon as 一……就as usual 照例；像往常一样as well (as) 也，还有as...as 像...一样as..as possible 尽可能ask for 请求，要at a /the speed of 以……的速度at a time 每次，依次at birth 出生时，诞生时at first 起初，首先at last 最后，终于at least 至少at most 最多at night 在夜里at present 现在，目前at the age of 在...岁时at the end of 在…末尾at the foot of 在...脚下at the same time 同时at/on weekend (=at/on the weekend) 在周末be afraid of 害怕be born 出生，出世be crazy about 对…着迷be full of 满是be good at 擅长于be interested in 对...感兴趣be known/famous for 因……而著名be late for 迟到be made of 由...制成be made up of 由…组成be of sb's age 与……同龄的be satisfied with 对……感到满意be strict with sb 对某人要求严格be tired out 筋疲力尽be worth doing 值得做某事be\get used to 习惯于，适应于because of 因为，由于believe it or not 信不信由你borrow... from 向...借... both…and…...和...都；不仅...而且…break down （车辆或机器）出故障，坏掉break into 强行闯入break out 爆发bus stop 公共汽车站by hand 手工by oneself 独立地，独自by the way 顺便问一下，顺便说说by train/bus/ship/bike 乘火车/公交车/轮船/自行车call sb back 回电话can't wait 迫不及待car park 停车场care about 关心，关怀carry on 继续开展，继续下去carry out 开展；执行catch fire 着火。