The Wild Honey Suckle
美国文学秋季学期练习题4
美国文学史及作品选读练习4I. Match the works with the authors given below. (每小题1分，共10分)a.Michael Wigglesworthb. Franklinc.John Smithd. William Cullen Bryante.James Fennimore Cooperf.Philip Freneaug.Washington Irving1.( ) A Description of New England2.( ) Rip Van Winkle3.( ) The Day of Doom4.( ) Autobiography5.( ) The Wild Honey suckle6.( ) To a Waterfowl7.( ) The Deerslayer8 ( ) The Thanatopsis9.( ) The Legend of Sleepy Hollow10.( ) The SpyII. Blank Filling. （每小题2分，共20分）1.The term “ Puritan” was applied to those settlers who originally were devout members ofthe Church of ________.2.Michael Wigglesworth, another important colonial poet, achieved wide popularity amonghis contemporaries with his gloomy entitled ___________.3.In 1620, a number of Puritans who tried to purify or reform the church of Englandstepped on the New England shore at Plymouth in the ship named ________.4.Among all the settlers in the New Continent, _________ settlers were the mostinfluential.5.In American Literature, the eighteenth century was an Age of ________ and Revolution.6.In Franklin’s ________________, he talks first of all about how he studied language.7.Irving was best known for his famous short stories such as ____________ which is abouta good-natured lazy husband who falls into a 20-year sleep.8.“Supernal beauty” is believed by ___________ to be the principle of Poetry.9.Published in 1823, ___________was the first of the Leatherstocking Tales, in their orderof publication time, and probably the first true romance of the frontier in American literature.10.____________was considered as the “poet of the American Revolution” a nd the “Father of American Poetry.”III. Multiple Choice.(每小题2分，共30分)1.In the early nineteenth century American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothing has left a deeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did_______.A. PuritanismB RomanticismC RationalismD Sentimentalism2. Franklin wrote and published his famous__________, an annul collection of proverbs.A. The AutobiographyB. Poor Richard’s AlmanacC. Common SenseD. The General Magazine3. In American literature, the eighteenth century was the age of the Enlightenment. _______was the dominant spirit.A. Humanism B Rationalism C Revolution D Evolution4.________ usually was regarded as the first American writer.A.William BradfordB. Anne BradstreetC.Emily DickinsonD. Captain John Smith5.Which is not Irving’s works in the following.A. The Sketch BookB. Tales of a Travelle rC. A History of New YorkD．To A Waterfowl6. Choose Freneau’s poem from the following.A. The RavenB. T o a Waterfow lC. To HellenD. The Wild Honey Suckle7. In 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced the best poet_ _____to appear in America up to that time.A. Edward TaylorB. Philip FreneauC. William Cullen BryantD. Edgar Allan Poepared with his contemporaries, _________was no doubt the best in exploring thewildness and frontier in fiction.A. Washington IrvingB. James Fenimore CooperC. William Cullen BryantD. Philip Freneau9. Washington Irving’s Rip Van Winkle is famous for_________.A. Rip’s escape into a mysterious valleyB. The story’s German legendary source materialC. Rip’s seeking for happinessD. Rip’s 20-years sleep10. Choose Poe’s work from the followingA. The Day of DoomB. The Last of the MohicansC. The Indian Burying GroundD The Cask of Amontillado11.Choose Irving’s work from the following .A. The Sketch BookB. ThanatopsisC. The SpyD. The British Prison Ship12._______ is the most commonly used in English poetry, in which an unstressed syllable comes first followed by a stressed.A. the trochaic footB. an anapestic footC.a quatrainD.a iambic foot13. The Indian Burying Ground by___________ is the earliest poem which romanticizes the Indian as a child of nature.A. Washington IrvingB. Adgar Allan PoeC. Philip FreneauD. Nathaniel Hawthorne14._______ is a poetic device used to increase the musical quality and link the lines and stanzas of a poem.A. meterB. repetitionC. rhymeD. foot15. Poetry is aimed at conveying and enriching human experience which is formed through sense impressions. __________ is the representation of sense experience through language.A .MeterB. ImageC. ThemeD. AssonanceIV. Decide Whether the Statements are True or False. (每小题1分，共10分) 1.The Puritans in New England embraced hardships, together with the discipline of a harshchurch.2.In 1625 a number of Puritans came to settle in Massachusetts3.Mayflower in American history is the name of a flower.4.American poetry of the eighteenth century has an imitative character, imitating thereigning English models of the eighteen century.5.In Franklin’s Autobiography, he talks first of all about how he studied language6. Philip Freneau was a most important writer in American poetry of the eighteenth century.7. The early American romanticism gave emphasis to emotion, feeling, intuition instead of reason.8. Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories: the sea adventure tale, and the frontier stories.9. In the 19th century American literature, writers of Gothic terror novels sought to arouse in their readers a turbulent sense of the remote, the supernatural, and the terrifying by describing old castles ,deep valleys or bleak mountain tops.10.Puritan influence over American Romanticism was conspicuously noticeable.V. Choose the correct terms to match the following definitions. (每小题2分，共10分)a. iambic footb. meterc. image d . rhyme e. stanza f. alliterationg. trochaic foot h. consonance1._______ is the repetition of sounds in two or more words or phrases that usually appearclose to each other in a poem.2.________ is a regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.3.________ is a structural division of a poem, consisting of a series of verse lines whichusually comprise a recurring pattern of meter and rhyme.4.________ is the most commonly used foot in English poetry, in which an unstressedsyllable comes first, followed by a stressed syllable.5.________ is the repetition of the same initial consonant sound within a line or a group ofwords.VI. Identify the fragments and answer the following questions.(共20分) Section A.(每小题2分，共10分)Fair flower, that does so comely grow,Hid in this silent, dull retreat,Untouched thy honied blossoms blow,Unseen thy little branches greet;No roving foot shall crush thee here,No busy hand provoke a tear.Questions:1.What is the title of this poem from which the selection is selected?2.The meter of this poem is_______.A. iambic pentameter B .tetrameter C anapestic rhythm D sonnet3.Who is the writer of the poem?4.To what does the writer compare the flower’s charms? ’5.What does the writer express in this poem?Section B（共10分）It was many and many a year ago,In a kingdom by the seaThat a maiden there lived whom you may knowBy the name of Annabel Lee----And this maiden she lived with no other thoughtThen to love and be loved by meShe was a child and I was a child,In this kingdom by the sea,But we loved with a love that was more than love—I and my Annabel Lee---With a love that the winged seraphs of HeavenCroveted her and me.And this was the reason that, long ago,In this kingdom by the sea,A wind blew out of a cloud by nightChilling my Annabel Lee;So that her highborn kinsmen cameAnd bore her away from me,To shut her up in a sepulchreIn this kingdom by the sea.The angels, not half so happy in Heaven,Went envying her and me---Yes! That was the reason (as all men know,In this kingdom by the sea)That wind came out of the cloud, chillingAnd killing by the sea)… …Comment on the poem by answering the following questions:1.What’s the theme of the poem?（1分）2.How many poetic devices does the poet use to create a mood appropriate to the theme? （9分）参考答案:I (10%): 1.-5 C. G A .B F 6-10 D E D G EII. (20%)1.England2. The Day of Doom3. May Flower4. English5. reason6. Autobiograph7. Rip Van Winkle8. Adgar Allan Poe9. The Pioneer 10. Philip FreaneauIII. (30%)1-5 A B B D D 6-10 D C B D D 11-15. A D C C BIV. (10%)T F F T T T T T T TV. (10%) d b e a fVI.(20%)Section A1.The Wild Honey Suckle2. B3.Philip Freneau4.The writer compares the flower’s charms to the prime time of human being.5.In this poem, the poet expresses a keen awareness of the loveliness andtransience of nature.Section B.1.The death of a beautiful woman--- the recurrent theme of Poe’s poems(1%)2. The poet creates a melancholic tone in the poem In creating the mood, He uses alliteration-----her high born kinsman…. ; not half so happy in Heaven…(2%)the accumulative repetition----- It was many and many a year ago… She wasa child and I was a child….(2%):assonance----- To shut her up in a sepulchre… A wind blew out of a cloud by night;(2%) and makes the even lines and end lines of each stanza rhyme strongly with the name of the girl to have the effect of a refrain, thus best echoing the insistent tolling of the church bell at the funeral. In this solemnity, the poem reaches its emotional climax of melancholy.(3%)吨。
the wild honey suckle的分析(中英)
the wild honey suckle的分析《野金银花》是Freneau在南卡罗莱纳州查尔斯顿散步时，看到一簇幽生的金银花，于是便有感而发，将这首短诗一气呵成。
诗人以敏锐的观察力、浅俗的词汇、优美的旋律和清晰的意象，细腻生动地描写了盛开于北美大地不为人们注意的野金银花。
此诗分为两大部分，前两节写景，后两节抒情。
写景以抒情为目的，抒情以写景为背景，两部分互为烘托，成为不可分割的整体。
诗人以惊喜的目光看到自然界神奇的产物时，心中涌动的是对大自然无限的崇拜之情。
如果说“绿荫”指的是未受人类文明侵犯的新大陆处女地的话，那些“美丽的金银花”则应是大自然创作的生命的具体体现。
诗人用浅显的文字勾画出一片繁荣祥和的景象，在对生命的赞叹中，流露出返璞归真、崇尚自然的情节，充满了浪漫主义情调和理想主义色彩。
然而，Freneau的过人之处，不仅在于他具有诗人的敏感，而且在于他同时具有哲人的睿智。
诗人先是描写外界景物，然后直接联系到自己，联系到人类，并将人与自然融为一体，以自然规律来感染读者。
所以，诗人从第三小节开始笔锋一转。
显然，诗人对大自然的神奇力量由崇拜转为迷惑，怀着惋惜忐忑的心情联想到生命的无奈和大自然的无情，开始了对生命本质的思考。
因此，在第四小节，诗人对主题进一步挖掘。
至此，Freneau借助金银花的荣枯阐述了自己毫不掩饰的自然观：万物有生必有死，有荣必有枯，花开花落，四季转换乃自然界的规律，这一规律是不以人的意志为转移的，是人类无法抗拒的。
自然界万物的生生息息乃自然的神力所造就，是人类无法左右的。
因而，对于花的荣枯，人的生死，人类大可不必为之伤情。
正如中国的一句古语，人“生不带来死不带去”。
诗人高歌：“不曾拥有，何曾失去”，足以说明诗人对生命本质有了明确的认识后，走出困惑，最终达到一种豁达乐观的境界。
Freneau以他对美洲大地的深厚感情和洞若幽微的感受力，通过对金银花的生长环境及其盛衰变迁的描述，抒发了他对短暂人生的感叹，使本诗在清丽的意境和浓郁的美洲大地的乡土气息中加入一层哲理的思考。
英美诗歌鉴赏
A Brief Analysis Of The Wild Honey SuckleIt was written by Freneau in 1786. He is the first American-born poet, and was one of the earliest who cast their eyes over the natural surroundings of the New Continent and American subject matter. Honey suckle, instead of rose or daffodil became the object of depiction; it is “wild” just to convey the fresh perception of the natural scenes on the new continent. The flowers, similar to the early Puritan settlers, used to believe they were the selects of God to be arranged on the abundant land, but now have to wake up from that fantasy and be more respectful to natural law. Time is constant but the time of a life is short; any favor is relative but change is absolute; with or without the awareness, nature develops: flowers were born, bloomed and declined to repose, and human beings would exist in exactly the same way. A philosophical meditation is indicated by the description of the fate of a trivial wild plant. In this poem, the poet writes with the strong implication that, though in the work no one is presented in person, human beings may at times envy the flower. This is seen not because the "roving foot" would "crush"; nor that the "busy hand" would "provoke a tear”; nor because of the "vulgar eye”, but b ecause of the fact that the human being has the ability to foresee his death. Whereas, the flower, with its happy ignorance, lacks this consciousness and is completely unaware of itsdoom. Its innocence left it happier than the foreseeing human beings. Unfortunately, the human beings are quite unwilling to refuse this knowledge and that arouses all their sufferings.1: the poem treats the advantages as well as the disadvantages of the flower's modest retirement—it is designed with beauty and well protected in solitude; whereas its beauty might be admired by few. 2: it suggests that the honey suckle bears a special relationship with nature which has advised it to keep away from the "vulgar eye"; Nature has designed it in white--a color of simplicity and purity, and, it has sent the soft waters flowing gently by. However, in spite of all the nature's kindness, the flower cannot escape its doom. The best time of its life is fading, for death is waiting.3: it reveals the indifference of nature—the "unp itying frosts” are as much a part of nature as the "soft waters". Thus, the notion that nature has provided a "guardian shade" for the protection of the honey suckle is a sentimental fancy. It is relative, but death is absolute.4: the poet sees his fate mirrored in that of the flower. Human beings, as any other creatures or flowers, are a part of nature. They originated from nature and will surely return to nature some day, thus their reduction to nature in the day ahead will constitute no real loss.I think we should fill our short life wisely because our life can only be worthy when we are still alive. When we are dead we are all just the same, just like the honey suckle. Therefore, to learn from all the experiences，to gain self-content in all the happenings，and to enjoy life from different angles，you will find your life worthwhile and meaningful. Only in this way, we can say that we are not a waste of our life.。
美国文学知到章节答案智慧树2023年泰山学院
美国文学知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新泰山学院第一章测试1.The first settlers who became the founding fathers of the American nationwere quite a few of _______. （）参考答案:Puritans2.The common thread throughout American literature has been the emphasison the _______.（）参考答案:Individualism3.The ship “________”carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days tobeat its way across the Atlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrimsashore at Plymouth, Massachusetts.（）参考答案:Mayflower4.The English colonies in North America rose in arms against their parentcountry and the Continental Congress adopted ________.（）参考答案:the Declaration of Independence5.Which of the following works is not connected with Thomas Paine?（）参考答案:The Autobiography6.Which of the following works is written by Philip Freneau?（）参考答案:The Wild Honey Suckle7.The English began to settle down in the early 17th century.（）参考答案:对8.Poor Richard''s Almanac was written by Philip Freneau.（）参考答案:错9.The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin can be divided into four parts.（）参考答案:对10.Philip Freneau is called the“Father of American Poetry”.（）参考答案:对第二章测试1.____________ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club.（）参考答案:Emerson2.American literature produced only one female poet during the nineteenthcentury. This was ___________.（）参考答案:Emily Dickinson3.The House of Seven Gables is a famous mystery-haunted novel written by_____.（）参考答案:Nathaniel Hawthorne4.The following writers belong to the Romantic group in American literatureexcept _____.（）参考答案:William Blake5.There is a good reason to state that New England Transcendentalism wasactually _____ on the Puritan soil.（）参考答案:Unitarianism6.The poetic style Walt Whitman devised is now called blank verse, which ispoetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.（）参考答案:错7.After his death, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow became the only American tobe honored with a bust in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey.（）参考答案:对8. A superb book Nature came out of Henry David Thoreau's two-yearexperiment at Walden Pond.（）参考答案:错9.James Fenimore Cooper launched two kinds of immensely popular stories:the sea adventure tale, and the frontier saga.（）参考答案:对10.No other American poet ever surpassed Edgar Allan Poe's ability in the use ofEnglish as a medium of pure musical and rhythmic beauty.（）参考答案:对第三章测试1.Realism in American literature stretches from _____________ to the end of 19thCentury. （）参考答案:American Civil War2.Which ONE of the following concepts is related to the understanding ofliterary realism? （）参考答案:representation of characters, human nature and social actualities in a non-idealized way3.Where Mark Twain and William Dean Howells satirized European mannersat times, ________ was an admirer. （）参考答案:Henry James4.______________’s stories still had many unrealistic qualities: “tall tales” andunlikely coincidences. He is never a pure realist. （）参考答案:Mark Twain5.______________ is the novel into which Jack London put most of himself. （）参考答案:Martin Eden6.All the following concepts can be found in American naturalistic fictionEXCEPT ___________. （）参考答案:search for identity7.“_______________” was a term crea ted by the French novelist, Emile Zola. （）参考答案:naturalism8.Sister Carrie tells about a country girl coming to Chicago to look for a betterlife and to pursue the American Dream.（）参考答案:对9.The impact of Darwin’s evolutionary theory on the American thought and theinfluence of the nineteenth century French literature on the American men of letters gave rise to another school of realism: American naturalism.（）参考答案:对10.In The Octopus written by Stephen Crane, wheat farmers struggle to growcrops and send them to market for a profit, while being beleaguered by the inflated prices of the giant railroad conglomeration.（）参考答案:错第四章测试1.Who is considered to be the first Imagist theorist? （）参考答案:T. E. Hulme2.Which poem doesn’t belong to Imagist poems? （）参考答案:Had I Not Seen the Sun3.What are the artistic features of Modernism? （）参考答案:Fragmentation;Unusual typography;Allusive language;Stream-of-consciousness4.What are the masterpieces of Hemingway? （）.参考答案:The Old Man and the Sea;For Whom the Bell Tolls;A Farewell toArms;The Sun Also Rises5.Ezra pound laid down three Imagist poetic principles. （）参考答案:对6.The Road Not taken is written by T. S. Eliot. （）参考答案:错7.Fitzgerald was once praised “the poet laureate of the Jazz Age”. （）参考答案:对8.“The Sound and the Fury” was the masterpiece of ___.参考答案:null9.The jazz age refers to the decade of ___.参考答案:null10.What is the style of Hemingway’s novel?参考答案:null第五章测试1.Postmodernist fictions is a continuation of modernism's alienated mood,daring experimentation and disorienting techniques.（）参考答案:对2.Black humor rose in America in the1980s and 1990s.（）参考答案:错3.Vladimir Nabokov is a representative of Black humor.（）参考答案:对4.Catch-22, a novel accounting a frantic bombardier's desperate efforts tosurvive, was written by Joseph Heller.（）参考答案:对5.Avant-pop Art is an artistic genre based on the combination of avant-gardeand pop art.（）参考答案:对第六章测试1.Ethnic American literature can be divided into _________. （）参考答案:Native American literature;African American literature;Asian American literature;Jewish American literature2.N. Scott Momaday is a _______ American writer.（）参考答案:Native3.Louise Erdrich's Tetralogy include ________.（）参考答案:Tracks;The Beat Queen;The Bingo Palace;Love Medicine4.The author of The Color Purple is ________.（）参考答案:Alice Walker5.Which ONE of the following is known as the masterpiece of Richard Wright?（）参考答案:Native Son6.Toni Morrison is the first African American novelist who received the NobelPrize for Literature.（）参考答案:对ngston Hughes was one of the most talented and original black writers inthe 20th century.（）参考答案:对8.Celeste Ng's Everything I Never Told You is a novel beyond nation, race,gender and age.（）参考答案:对9.Toni Morrison won a Pulitzer Prize for fiction for her God Help the Child.（）参考答案:错10.The Color Purple is an epistolary novel that depicted rape, incest, bisexuality,and lesbian love among African Americans.（）参考答案:对。
美国文学-名词解释
美国文学1.殖民地时期及独立革命战争时期的美国文学Philip Freneau（菲利普﹒弗瑞诺）(1)He was considered as the “Poet of the American revolution” as the most outstanding poet in America of the 18th century. (2)He was a satirist, a bitter polemicist. (3)He wrote many poems encouraging revolution and encouraging the glory that would be won by overcoming the British.The Wild Honey Suckle 《野金银花》The Indian Burying Ground 《印第安人的殡葬地》The British Ship《英国囚船》The Rising Glory of America 《美洲光辉的兴起》(1)The Wild Honey Suckle is Freneau’s best lyric (2)It anticipated the 19th—century use of simple nature imagery.The Indian Burying Ground anticipated romantic primitivism and the celebration of the “Noble Savage”.Thomas Jefferson（托马斯﹒杰弗逊）The Declaration of Independence《独立宣言》(1)The Declaration of Independence was adopted July 4, 1776. (2)It not only announced the birth of a new nation, but also expounded a philosophy of human freedom. (3)It lists 13 cruelties committed by the King of Britain. (4)The famous lines are: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”(5) Thomas Jefferson’s thought was inspired by the thoughts of John Locke.浪漫主义时期的美国文学Calvinism（加尔文主义）(1)Calvinism refers to the religious teachings of John Calvin and his followers. (2) Calvin taught that only certain persons, the elect, were chosen by God to be saved, and these could be saved only by God’s grace. (3) Calvinism forms the basis for the doctrines and practices of the Huguenots, Puritans, Presbyterians, and the Reformed churches.American Romanticism（美国浪漫主义）(1) American Romanticism is one of the most important periods in the history of American literature.(2) It was a rebellion against the objectivity of rationalism. For romantics, the feelings ,intuitions and emotions were more important than reason and common sense. They emphasized individualism, placing the individual against the group. They affirmed the inner life of the self, and cherished strong interest in the past, the wild, the remote, the mysterious and the strange. They stressed the element “Americanness” in their works.(3)It started with the publication of Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book and ended with Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Gra ss. (4) Being a period of the great flowering of American literature, it is also called “the American Renaissance.” (5) American Romantici sts include such literary figures as Washington Irving, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, WilliamCullen Bryant, Henry Wordsworth Longfellow, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe, Herman Melville, Walt Whitman and some others.Transcendentalism（超验主义）(1) Transcendentalism refers to the religious and philosophical doctrines of Ralph Waldo Emerson and others in New England in the middle 1800’s, which emphasized the importance of individual inspiration and intuition, the Over—soul, and Nature. Other concepts that accompanied Transcendentalism include the idea that nature is ennobling and the idea that the individual is divine and, therefore, self—reliant. (2)New England Transcendentalism is the product of a combination of native American Puritanism and European Romanticism.Free verse（自由体诗歌）(1)Free verse means the rhymed or unrhymed poetry composed without paying attention to conventional rules of meter.(2) Free verse was originated by a group of French poets of the late 19th century. (3)Their purpose was to free themselves from the restrictions of formal metrical patterns and to recreate instead the free rhythms of natural speech. (4)Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass is, perhaps, the most notable example.Symbol（象征）(1) Symbol means an act, a person, a thing, or a spectacle that stands for something else, usually something less palpable than the named symbol. (2) The relationship between the symbol and its referent is not often one of simple equivalence. Allegorical symbols usually express a neater equivalence with what they stand for than the symbols found in modern realistic fiction.Theme（主题）(1) Theme means the unifying point or general idea of a literary work. (2) It provides an answer to such questions as “What is the work about”(3)Each literary work carries its own theme or themes. For example, King Lear has many themes, among which are blindness and madness.现实主义与自然主义时期的美国文学American Naturalism(美国自然主义)The American Naturalists accepted the more negative interpretation of Darwin’s evolutionary theory and used it to account for the behavior of those characters in literary works who were regarded as more or less complex combinations of inherited attributes, their habits conditioned by social and economic forces.American Naturalism is evolved from realism when the author’s tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but more ironic and more pessimistic. It is no more than a gloomy philosophical approach to reality, or to human existence.Dreiser is a leading figure of his school.Darwinism(达尔文主义)Darwinism is a term that comes from Charles Darwin’s evolutionary theory.Darwinist think that those who survive in the world are the fittest and those who fail to adapt themselves to the environment will perish. They believe that man has evolved from lower forms of life. Humans are special not because God created them in His image, but because they have successfully adapted to changing environmental conditions and have passed on their survival-making characteristics genetically.Influenced by this theory, some American naturalist writers apply Darwinism as an explanation of human nature and social reality.Local Colorists(乡土作家)Generally speaking, the writing of local colorists are concerned with the life of a small, well-defined region or province. The characteristic setting is the isolated small town.Local colorists were consciously nostalgic historian of a vanishing way of life, recorders of a present that faded before their eyes. Yet for all their sentimentality, they dedicated themselves to minutely accurate descriptions of the life of their regions. They worked from personal experience to record the facts of a local environment and suggested that the native life was shaped by the curious conditions of the locale.Major local colorists include Hamlin Garland, Mark Twain , Kate Chopin, etc.Theodore Dreiser(西奥多·德莱塞)He is generally acknowledged as one of America’s literary naturalists.Works Sister Carrie《嘉莉妹妹》(1) Sister Carrie tells about a poor country girl (Carrie Meeber) who goesto Chicago to pursue the American Dream.(2) The novel shows Dreiser’s naturalistic view about life by illustratingthe purposelessness of life.(3) The dominant symbol of the novel is the rocking chair that is the rocking chair that is indicative of the uncertainty of life.Jennie Gerhardt《珍妮姑娘》Trilogy of Desire《欲望》三部曲a. The Financier《金融家》b. The Titan《巨人》c. The Stoic《斯多葛》The Genius 《天才》An American Tragedy 《美国的悲剧》(1) An American Tragedy is Dreiser’s greatest work and the title of theBook implies Dreiser intention to tell us that it is the social pressurethat makes Clyde’s downfall inevitable.(2) Clyde’s tragedy is a tragedy that depends upon the American socialsystem which encouraged people to pursue the “dream of success ” atall costs.Sherwood Anderson (舍伍德·安德森)He has been called the first of America’s “psychological writers” because he first explored the motivations and frustrations of his fictional characters in terms of Sigmund Freud’s theories of psychology.He tremendously influenced such writers as Hemingway and Faulkner.Works Winesburg, Ohio《小镇畸人》(1) Winesburg, Ohio is a collection of 23 interrelated stories ofsamll-town life. These stories sound morbid and grotesque, butUnderneath them runs a strong desire to communicate, and love andbe loved.(2) It won the author a foremost position in contemporary Americanliterary.现代时期的美国文学The Lost Generation (迷惘的一代)The Lost Generation is a term first used by Gertrude Stein to describe the post-World War I generation of American writers: men and women haunted by a sense of betrayal and emptiness brought about by the destructiveness of the war.Full of youthful idealism, these individuals sought the meaning of life, drank excessively, had love affairs and created some of the finest American literature to date.The three best-know representatives of Lost Generation are F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway and John Dos Passos.Others usually included among the list are Sherwood Anderson, Kay Boyle, Hart Crane, Ford Maddox Ford and Zelda Fitzgerald.Imagism (意象派诗歌)Imagism came into being in Britain ans U.S. around 1910 as a reaction to the traditional English poetry to express the sense of fragmentation and dislocation.The imagists, with Ezra Pound leading the way, hold that the most effective means to express these momentary impressions is through the use of one dominant image.Imagism is characterized by the following three poetic principles:i) direct treatment of subject matter;ii) economy of expression;iii) as regards rhythm, to compose in the sequence of the musical phrase, not in the sequence of metronome.Ezra Pound’s In a Station of the Metro is a well-known imagist poem.The Beat Generation (垮掉的一代)The members of the Beat Generation were new bohemian libertines, who engaged in a spontaneous, sometimes messy, creativity.The beat writers produced a body of written work controversial both for its advocacy ofnon-conformity and for its non-conforming style.The major beat writings are Jack Kerouac’s On the Road and Allen Ginsberg’s Howl. Howl became the manifesto of the Beat Generation.American Dream (美国梦)American Dream refers to the dream of material success, in which one, regardless of social status, acquires wealth and gains success by working hard and good luck.In literature, the theme of American Dream recurs. In The Great Gatsby, Gatsby comes from the west to the east with the dream of material success. By bootlegging and other illegal means he fulfilled his dream but ended up being killed. The novel tells the shattering of American Dream rather than its success.Expressionism (表现主义)Expressionism refers to a movement in Germany early in the 20th century, in which a number of painters sought to avoid the representation of external reality and, instead, to project a highly personal or subjective vision of the world.Expressionism is a reaction against realism or naturalism, aiming at presenting a post-war world violently distorted.Works noted for expressionism include: Eugene O’Neill’s The Emperor Jones, James Joyce’s Ulysses and Finnegans Wake, and T. S. Eliot’s The Waste Land, etc..In a further sense, the term is sometimes applied to the belief that literary works are essentially expressions of their own authors’ moods and thoughts; this has been the dominant assumption about literature since the rise of Romanticism.Feminism (女权主义)(1) Feminism incorporates both a doctrine of equal rights for women and an ideology of social transformation aiming to create a world for women beyond simple social equality.(2) In general, feminism is the ideology of women’s liberation based on the belief that women suffer injustice because of their sex. Under this broad umbrella various feminists offer differing analyses of the causes, or agents, of female oppression.(3) Definitions of feminism by feminists tend to be shaped by their training, ideology or race. So, for example, Marxist and Socialist feminists stress the interaction within feminism of class with gender and focus on social distinctions between men and women. Black feminists argue much more for an integrated analysis which can unlock the multiple systems of oppression.Hemingway Code Hero (海明威式英雄)Hemingway Hero, also called code hero, is one who, wounded but strong, more sensitive, enjoys the pleasures of life (sex, alcohol, sport) in face of ruin and death, and maintains, through some notion of a code, an ideal of himself.Barnes in The Sun Also Rises, Henry in A Farewell to Arms and Santiago in The Old Man and the Sea are typical of Hemingway Hero.Harlem Renaissance (哈莱姆文艺复兴)（1）Harlem Renaissance refers to a period of outstanding literary vigor and creativity that occurred in the United States during the 1920s.（2）The Harlem Renaissance changed the images of literature created by many black and white American writers. New black images were no longer obedient and docile, instead they showed a new confidence and racial pride.(3) The leading figures are Langston Hughs, James Weldon Johnson, Wallace Thurman, etc.. Impressionism (印象主义)Impressionism is a style of painting that gives the impression made by the subject on the artist without much attention to details. Writers accepted the same conviction that the personal attitudes and moods of the writer were legitimate elements in depicting character or setting or action. Briefly, it is a style of literature characterized by the creation of general impressions and moods rather than realistic moods.现代时期的美国文学Ezra Pound(1) He was identified as the father of modern American poetry and the most influential leader of the Imagist Movement.(2) He had an enormous influence on the modernist writers in Britain and America after WWII.Works The Cantos《诗章》In a Station of the Metro 《在地铁站里》(1) In a Station of the Metro serves as a typical example of the Imagist ideas.(2) The one-image poem is an observation of the poet of the human faces seen in a Paris subway station.(3) “Apparition” suggests a visible appearance of something not present, and especially of a dead person. Here the faces of people in the subway station are compared to petals on a wet, black bough.A Pact 《盟约》(1) A Pact is a poem in which Pound started to find some agreement between “Whitmanesque” free verse, which he had attacked for its carelessness in composition.(2) In the poem “broke the new wood” means that Whitman made experiments with the conventions of traditional poetry. “commerce” means the exchange of views or attitudes. The poem indicates that Pound would like to learn from the free verse and show respect to Whitman.。
英语诗歌名句赏析
英语诗歌名句赏析英语诗歌名句赏析1. The wild honey suckle （野金银花）if nothing once, you nothing lose,for when you die you are the samethe space between, is but an hour.译：如果未曾拥有，也无所谓失去，因为生与死本来就没有分别，二者之间只是距离短暂的一瞬。
2. i wandered lonely as a cloud(我好似一朵孤独的云) ten thousand i saw at a glance,tossing their heads in sprightly dance.译：我一眼看到万朵水仙，愉快地舞动自己的花朵。
3. to a waterfowlthere is a power whose careteaches thy way along pathless coastand desert and inlimitable air,lone wanderring,but not lost.译：有一个神明为你指明方向穿过无尽的海岸和沙漠，还有广袤的苍穹。
尽管形影单只，但道路明确。
4. nature (thoreau)for i'd rather be thy child,and pupil,in the forest wild,than be the king of men elsewhere,and most soverigh slave of care.译：我宁愿是你的孩子和学童，在狂野的森林中；而不愿成为别处众人的国王，和烦躁十足的奴隶。
5. the lake of innisfree(yeats)and i shall have some peace there, for peacecomes dropping slow,dropping from the veils of morning to where the cricket sings;译：那里我将找到一份宁静，因为它将慢慢降临；它将从清晨的纱幕降临到蟋蟀歌唱的地方。
美国文学简史复习资料[1]
![美国文学简史复习资料[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/2c5c6c78b94ae45c3b3567ec102de2bd9605de32.png)
美国文学美国文学Part 1. Colonial AmericaPhilip Freneau Philip Freneau菲菲利普·弗伦诺1752-1832The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花；The Indian Burying Ground 印第安人殡葬地印第安人殡葬地 Jonathan Edwards Jonathan Edwards The Freedom of the Will The Great Doctrine of Original Sin The Freedom of the Will The Great Doctrine of Original Sindefended T he The Nature of True VirtueBenjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林本杰明·富兰克林Poor Richard’s Almanack 穷查理历书；The Autobiography 自传Part 2. A merican American Romanticism It is one of the most important periods in the history of American literature ,t Romantic Period ,which stretches from the end of the 18th century through the out breakof Civil War.It started with the publication of Washington Irving's The Sketch bookand ended with Whitman's Leave of Grass .American Romanticism was in essence the expression of "a real new experience "and contained "an alien quality "for the simplereason that "the spirit of the place" was radically new and alien.And it was bo imitative and independent.Washington Irving 华盛顿·欧文1783-1859 A History of New York 纽约的历史纽约的历史---------------美国人写的第一部诙谐文学美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作；杰作；The The Sketch Book 见闻札记The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 睡谷的传说的传说---------------使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家；Rip Van Winkle -------short storyJames Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀1789-1851The Spy 间谍;The Pioneer 拓荒者；;The Prairie 大草原;ThePathfinder 探路者;The Deerslayer 杀鹿者Part 3.New England TranscendentalismRalf Waldo Emerson 拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生1803-1882Essays 散文集散文集::Nature 论自然-----新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书;TheAmerican Scholar 论美国学者;Henry David Threau 亨利·大卫·梭罗1817-1862W adden,or Life in the Woods 华腾湖或林中生活Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ·朗费罗 An April Day 四月的一天/A Psalm of Life 人生礼物(poem )/PNathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔·霍桑1804-1864 Twice-told Tales 尽人皆知的故事尽人皆知的故事;Mosses from an Old Manse ;Mosses from an Old Manse 古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown 年轻的古德曼·布朗年轻的古德曼·布朗年轻的古德曼·布朗;The Scarlet Letter ;The Scarlet Letter红字红字;The House of the Seven Gables ;The House of the Seven Gables 有七个尖角阁的房子有七个尖角阁的房子----------------心理若们罗曼史心理若们罗曼史;The Blithedale Romance ;The Blithedale Romance 福谷传奇福谷传奇;The Marble Faun ;The Marble Faun玉石雕像玉石雕像Herman Melville Moby Dick/The White Whale 莫比·迪克/白鲸；Walt Whitman Leaves of Grass 草叶集:Song of Myself 自我之歌Emily Dickinson ； “Because I could not stop for death ” “I ＇ｍ no body... ”poemEdgar Allan Poe 埃德加·爱伦·坡1809-18491809-1849（以诗为（以诗为诗；永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人伟大抒情诗人----------叶芝）叶芝）The Fall of the House of Usher 厄舍古屋的倒塌;Annabel Lee 安娜贝尔·李Poem-----歌特风格；首开近代侦探小说先河，又是法国象征主义运动的源头T 诗:The Raven 乌鸦;To Hellen 致海伦 Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin 汤姆叔叔的小屋;Part 4. The age of RealismWilliam Dean Howells 威廉·狄恩·豪威尔斯恩·豪威尔斯The Rise of Silas Lapham 赛拉斯·拉帕姆的发迹;A Hazard of Now Fortunes 时来运转;2323、、Henry James 小说：Daisy Miller苔瑟·米乐；The Portrait of a Lady 贵妇人画像；Part 5. Local ColorismMark Twain 马克·吐温（Samuel Longhorne Clemens Clemens））------美国文美国文学的一大里程碑学的一大里程碑The Gilded Age 镀金时代 -----------novel;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 哈克贝利·费恩历险记How to Tell a Story 怎样讲故事怎样讲故事---------对美国早期幽默文学的总结对美国早期幽默文学的总结对美国早期幽默文学的总结 O. Henry short story 短篇小说 The Four Million ”《四百万》”《四百万》 小说集小说集、“The Gift of the Magi ”《麦琪的礼物》《麦琪的礼物》Part 6. American NaturalismFrank Norris The Octopus 章鱼,The Pit 小麦交易所);4040、、JackLondon 杰克·伦敦1876-1916T he Call of the Wild 野性的呼唤----novel ;The Sea-wolf 海狼;White Fang 白獠牙;T ;Martin Eden 马丁·伊登;Part 7. The 1920s ImagismEzra Pound 艾兹拉·庞德1885-1972美国现代诗歌之父美国现代诗歌之父Cathay 华夏（英译中国诗The Cantos of Ezra Pound 庞德诗章（109首及8首未完成稿）《In a station of the Metro 》----在地铁站里 Thomas Stearns Eliot The Waste Land 荒原;名诗：名诗：Ash Ash Wednesday 圣灰星期三圣灰星期三;;FourQuarters 四个四重奏Robert Frost 罗伯特·弗罗斯特1874-1963 After Apple-picking 摘苹果之后)(The Road Not taken 没有选择的道路)----poem---------Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening <雪夜林畔>F Scott Fitzgerald 弗朗西斯·菲茨杰拉德1896-1940(迷惘的一代一代) )The Side of Paradise 人间天堂;The Beautiful and the Damned 美丽的和倒霉;The Great Gatsby 了不起的盖茨比;Tender in the Night 夜色温柔Ernest Ernest Hemingway Hemingway 欧内斯特·海明威1899-19611899-1961（“迷惘（“迷惘的一代”的代表人物）物）The Sun Also Rises 太阳照样升起太阳照样升起;;Farewellto Arms 永别了，武器;For Whom the Bell Tolls 丧钟为谁而鸣William William Faulkner Faulkner威廉·福克纳1897-1962短篇小说：;The Sound and the Fury 愤怒与喧嚣;；Short story ------A Rose For Emily 《给艾米丽小姐的玫瑰》 Theodore Dreiser西奥多·德莱塞1871-1945Sister Carrie 嘉莉姐妹----Novel ;Trilogy of Desire 欲望三部曲(Financer 金融家,The Titan 巨人,The Stoic);An American Tragedy 美国的悲剧（被称为美国最伟大的小说） Arthur Miller ;The Death of a Salesman 推销员--------Play ;１．《了不起的盖茨比》表现了“美国梦”的幻灭，这部小说谴责以托姆为代表的美国特权阶级自私专横，为所欲为，以同情的态度描写了盖茨比的悲剧，并指出他的悲剧来自他对生活和爱情的幻想，对上层社会缺乏认识。
美国文学史及选读期末复习题
1.Poor Richard’s Almanac is an annual collection of proverbs written byBenjamin Franklin.2.Philip Freneau developed a natural, simple, and concrete diction,best illustrated in such nature lyrics as “The Wild Honey Suckle” and “The Indian Burying Ground”.3.Ph ilip Freneau has been called the “Father of American Poetry”.4.In Washington Irving’s Sketch Book appeared the first modernshort stories and the first great American juvenile literature. 5.“To a Waterfowl” is perhaps the peak of William CullenBryant’s wok.6.“Thanatopsis, William Cullen Bryant’s best-known poem,consists of four stanzas in iambic tetrameter abab. The title means “view of death”.7.Edgar Allan Poe is considered “father of American detectivestories and American gothic stories”.8.Emerson believed above all in individualism, independence of mind,and self-reliance.9.In Walden, Thoreau thought it better for a man to work one daya week and rest six, and the rest of the time could be devotedto thought.10.Hawthorne’s stories touch the deepest roots of man’s moralnature.11.After his death, Longfellow became the only American to behonored with a bust in the Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey.12.The poetic style Walt Whitman devised is now called free verse.13.Henry James is famous for his international theme of thetradition less American confronting the complexity of European life.14. Jack London believed in the inevitable triumph of thestrongest individuals.Terms1.Transcendentalism2. Naturalism3. The Lost Generation5. Modernism6. Romanticism7. PuritanismIdentify the fragments.2. From morning suns and evening dewsAt first thy little being came;If nothing once, you nothing lose,For when you die you are the same;The space between, is but an hour,The frail duration of a flower.(1) Who is the writer of these verses?(2) What is the title of this poem?(3) Give a brief comment on this poems.Answer:(1) Philip Freneau(2) The Wild Honeysuckle(3) Here Freneau offers a version of an abundant America with potential for providing a good life for all. The poem is also an indication of his dedication to American subject matter as he examined peculiarly American characteristics of the countryside.3.From the listless repose of the place, and the peculiar character of its inhabitants, who are descendants from the original Dutch settlers, this sequestered glen has long been known by the name of SLEEPY HOLLOW, and its rustic lads are called the Sleepy Hollow Boys throughout all the neighboring country. Drowsy and dreamy influence seems to hang over the land, and to pervade the very atmosphere. Some say that the place was bewitched by a high German doctor, during the early days of the settlement; others, that an old Indian chief, the prophet or wizard of his tribe, held his powwows there before the country was discovered by Master Hendrick Hudson.Question:(1) Who is the writer of this short story from which the passage is taken?(2) What is the title of this short story?(3) Give a definition of “short story”?Answer:(1) Washington Irving(2) The Legend of Sleepy Hollow(3) A short story is a brief prose fiction, usually one that can be read in a single sitting. It generally contains the six major elements of fiction characterization, setting, theme, plot, point of view and style.5. To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write, though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly worlds, will separate between him and vulgar things. One might think the atmosphere was made transparent with this design, to give man, in the heavenly bodies, the perpetual presence of the sublime. Seen in the streets of cities, how great they are! If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how would men believe and adore; and preserve for many generation the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown! But every night come out these preachers of beauty, and light the universe with their admonishing smile.Question:(1)This paragraph is taken from a famous essay. What is the essay?(2)Who is the author?(3)What does the author say would happen if the stars appeared one night in a thousand years?(4)Give a peculiar term to cover the author’s belief.Answer:(1) Nature(2) Ralph Waldo Emerson(3)Then, the men cannot believe and adore the God, cannot preserve the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown.(4)Transcendentalism6. Isabel always felt an impulse to pull out the pins; not that she imagined they inflicted any damage on the tough old parchment, but because it seemed to her aunt might make better use of her sharpness. She was very critical herself-it was incidental to her sex, and her nationality but she was very sentimental as well, and there was something in Mrs. Touchett’s dryness that set her own moral fountains flowing.Questions:(1) This passage is taken from a well-known novel. What is the name of the novel?(2) Who is the author of this novel?(3) Make a brief comment on the heroine of this novel?(4) What is theme of the author? Tell something about it. Answer:(1) The Portrait of a Lady(2) Henry James(3) She is one of the Jamesian American girls. She arrives in Europe, full of hope, and with a will to live a free and noble life, but in fact, she only falls prey to the sinister designs of two vulgar and unscrupulous expatriates, Madam Merle and Gilbert Osmond.(4) Jamesian theme refers to Henry James’s handling of his major fictional theme, “the international theme”: the meeting of America and Europe, American innocence in contact and contrast with European decadence and the moral and Psychological complications arising there from.Give brief answers to the following questions.ment briefly on Emily Dickinson’s themes?(1)By far the largest portion of Dickinson’s poetry concerns death and immortality, theme which lie at the centre of Dickinson’s world.(2)Dickinson’s nature poems are also great in number and rich in matter. Natural phenomena, changes of seasons, heavenly bodies, animals, birds and insects, flowers of various kinds, and many other subjects related to nature find her way into her poetry.(3)Dickinson also wrote some poems about love. Like her death and nature poems, her love poems were original.(4)Besides deaths and immortality, nature and love, Dickinson’s poems are concerned about ethics, with respect to which, she emphasizes free will and human responsibility.4 Henry James is a great realistic writer. Name two of his major works. Do you know anything about his narrative point of view? What is it for? How does James employ it in his works? Briefly discuss this question.(1) Henry James’s major works include Daisy Miller and The Portrait of a Lady, etc.(2) One of Henry James literary techniques is his narrative point of view. As the author, James avoids the authorial omniscience as much as possible and makes his characters reveal themselves with his minimal intervention. So it is often the case that in his novels we usually learn the main story by reading through one or several minds and share their perspectives. This narrative method proves to be successful in bringing out his themes.6.Tell the differences between Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman (1)Emily Dickinson expresses the inner life of individuals, while Walt Whitman keeps his eyes on the society at large.(2)Emily Dickinson is regional, while Walt Whitman is national in his outlook.(3)Formally, Emily Dickinson uses concise, simple dictions and syntax, while Walt Whitman uses endless, all-inclusive catalogs.9. Jack Lon don’s themes(1) London was logically inconsistent in his viewpoint.On the one hand, he took faith in Darwin’s survival of the fittest, evolutionary concept of progress, and on the other hand, he embraced the socialists’ doctrines of Marx.(2) London wrote on many subjects and themes which centered around primitive violence, Anglo-Saxon supremacy(至上), biological evolution, class warfare, and mechanistic determinism. His heroes are physically robust and rugged but often psychologically harried(苦恼). His heroines are athletic, daring, yet intensely feminine. They are man’s intellectual equal and his e motional superior.。
英语诗歌名句赏析
英语诗歌名句赏析1. The wild honey suckle （野金银花）if nothing once, you nothing lose,for when you die you are the samethe space between, is but an hour.译：如果未曾拥有，也无所谓失去，因为生与死本来就没有分别，二者之间只是距离短暂的一瞬。
2. i wandered lonely as a cloud(我好似一朵孤独的云)ten thousand i saw at a glance,tossing their heads in sprightly dance.译：我一眼看到万朵水仙，愉快地舞动自己的花朵。
3. to a waterfowlthere is a power whose careteaches thy way along pathless coastand desert and inlimitable air,lone wanderring,but not lost.译：有一个神明为你指明方向穿过无尽的海岸和沙漠，还有广袤的苍穹。
尽管形影单只，但道路明确。
4. nature (thoreau)for i'd rather be thy child,and pupil,in the forest wild,than be the king of men elsewhere,and most soverigh slave of care.译：我宁愿是你的孩子和学童，在狂野的森林中；而不愿成为别处众人的国王，和烦躁十足的奴隶。
5. the lake of innisfree(yeats)and i shall have some peace there, for peacecomes dropping slow,dropping from the veils of morning to where the cricket sings;译：那里我将找到一份宁静，因为它将慢慢降临；它将从清晨的纱幕降临到蟋蟀歌唱的地方。
The Wild Honey Suckle
Course: America LiteratureInstructor: Ma RuiStudent Name: Wang SiyuClass Number: 131806Student Number:082491The wild Honey SuckleThe Wild Honey Suckle is a 1786 poem by American author Philip Freneau. And it deserves a place among major English and American works of poetry of that time. This is one of the most famous poems of Freneau. In general, it is the best of Freneau’s poems, and the best poem on nature. He is one of the few early writers who eulogize the country. It revealed on the basis of American beauty, the American writer can produce good works. He was one of the earliest who use himself eyes found the beautiful nature scenery of America. Its style and tone is often considered a reaction to the neoclassicism of poets and an early anticipation of Romantic poetry.As poem, the central image is a wild honey suckle, instead of man-made flower of become the object depiction. The poem showed strong feelings for the natural beauty, which was the characteristic of romantic poets. A Romantic poet, Freneau is the best of his poetic art on Nature’s beauty. The wild honey suckles, in poet’s eye, not the only one the flower. To some extent, the poet describes the life of a wild flower.In the first stanza, the poet found the wild flower grown in the obscurity place, and the wild honey suckle is very beautiful and strong. But no people enjoy its beautiful. He felled pity.In the second stanza, he commented on the secluded nature of the place wherethe honey suckle grew, drawing a conclusion that it was due t o Nature’s protectiveness that the flower was able to lead a peaceful life free from men’s disturbance and destruction. And the flower grew in the nature, and the nature is took a pity on the wild honey suckle, and then he protect the flower.In the third stanza, the tone immediately changed .The flower was death. Actually no flower, or no living being, can escape. Thus the poet from the flower in nature the poet started to think about the fate of man.In the last stanza, the poet immediately changed the tone from calmness. Even if the flower become die. But the flower come the nature world, it should grow in the nature .So even it’s become die, no a pity. All the images make us feel pity for the beautiful flower which has only a short life.General speaking, the poem show us the life style. If you want to enjoy life, you must cherish life. Even though, life is limited. As far as possible the flower is unfold it in life. As with the wild honey suckle, human should not give up on life treasure In addition, the poet writes with the strong implication that, though in the work no one is presented in person, human beings at times envy the flower. In this poem, its innocence left it happier than the foreseeing human beings. Unfortunately, the human beings are quite unwilling to refuse this knowledge and that arouses all their sufferings. We should learn the wild honey suckle. Flower is very strong in the nature. So this is the true meaning of the poem. The poet expressed that we can understand the true meaning and we can learn something for the poem.。
TheWildHoneySuckle野忍冬花教学资料
The Wi l d Hone y Suckl e 野忍冬花At first thy little being came;If nothing once, you nothing lose,For when you die you are thesame; The space between is butan hour, The frail duration offlower.孕育了你娇小的身躯。
你从尘土来，又归尘土去， 来时一无所有，去时化作尘土, 可叹生命苦短， 你终究红消香断。
Published in his Poems （1786）Virtually un read in his lifetimeCon sidered one of the autho 'fi nest n ature poems.Written in four six-line iambic tetrameter （抑扬格四音步）stanzas rhymed onababccpatter n.这些格律上的规范折射岀金银花的生死有律。
第一节描述春天中的金银花开得非常漂亮，但无人欣赏、无人抚摸。
因为这些花躲藏在单调且僻静的地方金银花得以很好的生长保存。
第二节中大写的“ Nature ”告诉我们夏天的金银花和理性的“ self ”是生活在自然 之道或自然之神里。
Nature 保护着金银花，命令金银花避开“ the vulgar eye"，让一切按自然之道进行：流水 低语地流淌，夏天“quietly ”溜走，金银花的日子逐渐“to repose",恢复宁静。
第三节表现出诗人对大自然的 敬畏。
诗人感悟到大自然不可逆转的宿命规律，有点伤感（ grieve ），但对大自然的残酷力量充满敬畏。
最后一节，是诗人冬天里的哲学沉思。
人与花一样，从早上到晚上，从生到死，都是那么短暂，那么脆 弱。
生之前，死之后，生死之间，事物都一样，都蕴含在自然中。
11美国文学A卷答案与评分标准
参考答案课程名称：美国文学名著选读适用专业班级：英语1101-1104班考试时间：90分钟 A √ B卷开闭√卷Part I. True or false statements. ( 10 points,1 point for each)1-5 FFTTT 6-10 TTTTTPart II. Multiple Choices. (30 points, 1 point for each)1-5 ABBBB 6-10 CBBBB11-15 ABBBB 16-20 CBBBB21-25 ABBBB 26-30 CBBBBPart III. Short easy questions. (20 points, 5 points for each)1.Their doctrine includes: original sin, total depravity, predestination and limited atonement.2.The daughter of a local farm Katrina, together with her boyfriend ,has made use of the “Headless horseman”legend, tricked the schoolteacher Crane into the cemetery and scared him away.3.The letter A may symbolize adultery, able, admiration, alienation, American, Adam and angel,etc.4.The use of the same initial consonant in a line is called alliteration, for example, Pride and Prejudice, with the same [s]sound.Part IV. Passage Identification. (10 points, 2 points for each)1.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer2.The Declaration of Independence3.The Last of the Mohicans4.The Raven5.Song of MyselfPart V. Appreciation. (10 points, 5 points for each)Part A1. Philip Freneau; The Wild Honey Suckle2. The rhyme scheme is ababcc.Part B1. Washington Irving; Rip Van Winkle2. Nicholas Vedder is the owner of the inn/ a patriarch of the village/ and landlord of the inn. He expressed his opinion by the way of smoking.Part VI. Essay writing. (20 points) omission.评分标准课程名称：美国文学名著选读适用专业班级：英语1101-1104班考试时间：90分钟 A √B卷开闭√卷Part I. True or false statements. ( 10 points,1 point for each)1-5 FFTTT 6-10 TTTTT每题1分，共10分，答错不得分。
野金银花的读后感英文版
Review on “The Wild Honey Suckle”The Wild Honey Suckle is written by Philip Freneau, the American revolutionary poet, was the most outstanding American poet in the 18the century.As the transitional American poet between Neoclassicism and Romanticism, he wrote the poetry that influenced the newly-coming romantic poets greatly, which was one of the key reasons he was regarded as …the Father of American poetry‟ and …Poet of American Revolution‟.And this poem mainly showed strong feelings for the natural beauty, which was the characteristic of romantic poets.Nature is great. There are many beautiful flowers in the world, and nature provide fertile soil, abundant water resources and soft sunshine to them.“f air flower”is the the very concrete reflection of it. So the poem shows the deep love for nature. Nature is regular. In spring, it is green, and in summer…By nature‟s self in write arrayed, She bade thee shun the vulgar eye, and planted here the guardian shade‟, and in autumn and winter…The flowers that in Ed en bloom, unpitying frosts and autumn‟s power, Shall leave on vestige of this flowers.‟All carried out in accordance with the regularity.Nature is awesome. In this poem, the poet expresses a keen awareness of the loveliness and transience of nature. It implies that life and death are inevitable law of nature.In addition, …the space is but an hour‟ contains a hyperbole stressing and transience of life. Human should cherish their life through they will die finally.Cherishing life is enjoying life indeed.。
The-Wild-Honey-Suckle-野金银花-Philip-Freneau培训资料
For when you die you are the same; 来时一无所有,去时化作尘土，
The space between, is but an hour, 可叹生命苦短，
The frail duration of a flower.
你终究红消香断。
The Wild Honey Suckle
After war, he supported Jefferson, and
contributed greatly to American government. However, after 50 years old, he lived in poverty.
美国文学诗歌赏析
“The Wild Honey Suckle”Understand the title: 1. The name honeysuckle comes from the sweet nectar that the flower produces to intoxicate the greedy bee. Its powerful fragrance seduces the human senses as it pervades the air. The perfume of this passionate plant may turn a maiden’s head, hence wild honeysuckle is a symbol of inconstancy in love.2. The word “wild” implies her living place; she lives in wilderness not in paradise or house; so she will not be appreciated by others and feels sorrowful. Also it implies the nature, so we can say the writer is describing the nature.The Wild Honey SucklePhilip Freneau1st stanza:The honey suckle lives an obscure, unknown, forgotten, serene, and safe life.2nd stanza: The pure, innocent honey suckle is not contaminated by the vulgar eye of people and protected, embraced, and nurtured by Nature.3rd stanza: grief upon the flower’s death4th stanza: nothing gained, nothing lostThe Scarlet Letter作者：Nathaniel Hawthorne赏析：1. A story of rebellion within an emotionally constricted Puritan society.2. Undisputed masterpiece of Hawthorne. Reveal Hawthorne’s superb craftsmanship3. Modern psychological insight; secret motivations in human behaviour; guilt & anxiety resulted from sins against humanity, esp. from pride.4. Setting: Puritan background of New England in 17 C5. Hawthorne: master of Symbolism.Pearl= thematic symbol: consequence the sin of adultery has brought to the community and people living in the community.Letter A= different symbolic meanings (adultery, angel, able, advance, admiration, etc.). The ambiguity is one of the salient features of the work.6. Hester: committed sin but true to God and herself; not a real sinner; sinful just in the sinful eyes of the conventional Puritans.7. Chillingworth: physician, cold observer of life, looking on mankind as the subject of experiment; lost in revenge; not true to himself/others/God; real villain of the story, true sinner.8. Dimmesdale: pa rtner of Hester’s sin; the concealment of the first sin led to the second sin; no longer true to God/others, but kept true to himself; intellectual arrogance & betraying of honesty conflict within him, led to the twisting and distortion of his personality; suffer most in story.“Song of Myself”"Song of Myself" is all about the human experience. The human experience, here, means what men of the past, present and future have seen, touched, smelt, and heard. In this poem Whitman is explaining how all of humanity is like one living organism, and no one part is more important than the other. In section 44 of "Song of Myself" Whitman says, "We have thus far exhausted trillions of winters and summers, There are trillions ahead, and trillions ahead of them. Births have brought us richness and variety, And other births will bring us richness and variety. I do not call one greater and one smaller, That which fills its period and place is equal to any." It is clear that Whitman had a perspective of the human race and its history that escaped most writers. More specifically, Whitman speaks of equal contribution to the humanexperience in section 42: "Here and there with dimes on the eyes walking, To feed the greed of the belly the brains liberally spooning, Tickets buying, taking, selling, but in to the feast never once going, Many sweating, ploughing, thrashing, and then the chaff for payment receiving, A few idly owning, and they the wheat continually claiming. This is the city and I am one of the citizens, Whatever interests the rest interests me, politics, wars, markets, newspapers, schools, The mayor and councils, banks, tariffs, steamships, factories, stocks, stores, real estate and personal estate.“Because I Could Not Stop for Death”The poem begins with a leisurely image. At first, the protagonist feels totally at ease and the usually frightening death is described as if a familiar friend, gentle and polite. Continuingly, the poem is developed upon a basic metaphor that life is a journey. It was truly rather old a comparison, but Dickinson enriched it with her creativity and imagination: "School, where Children strove" --childhood; "Fields of Gazing Grain"--maturity; and "Setting Sun"--old age. Then “the Dews drew quivering and chill-” makes the prota gonist feel terribly cold, which may mean that they are getting nearer and nearer to the tomb. But at last, his companions, Immortality and Death, finally desert him and leave him alone to go toward Eternity.So it seems that though death cheats him and at the same time deserts him, the experience of death itself is not painful. Emily Dickinson’s poems just explain this kind of essence of life, which then lead you to a world of imagination and thinking.“In a Station of the Metro”.The poem is essentially a set of images that have unexpected likeness and convey the rare emotion that Pound was experiencing at that time. Arguably the heart of the poem is not the first line, nor the second, but the mental process that links the two together. "In a poem of this sort," as Pound explained, "one is trying to record the precise instant when a thing outward and objective transforms itself, or darts into a thing inward and subjective." This darting takes place between the first and second lines. The pivotal semi-colon has stirred debate as to whether the first line is in fact subordinate to the second or both lines are of equal, independent importance. Pound contrasts the factual, mundane image that he actually witnessed with a metaphor from nature and thus infu ses this “apparition” with visual beauty. There is a quick transition from the statement of the first line to the second line’s vivid metaphor; this ‘super-pository’ technique exemplifies the Japanese haiku style. The word “apparition” is considered crucia l as it evokes a mystical and supernatural sense of imprecision which is then reinforced by the metaphor of the second line. The plosive word ‘Petals’ conjures ideas of delicate, feminine beauty which contrasts with the bleakness of the ‘wet, black bough’. What the poem signifies is questionable; many critics argue that it deliberately transcends traditional form and therefore its meaning is solely found in its technique as opposed to in its content. However when Pound had the inspiration to write this poem few of these considerations came into view. He simply wished to translate his perception of beauty in the midst of ugliness into a single, perfect image in written form.It is also worth noting that the number of words in the poem (fourteen) is the same as the number of lines in a sonnet. The words are distributed with eight in the first line and six in the second, mirroring the octet-sestet form of the Italian (or Petrarchan) sonnet.1. Imagism2. Petal= beautiful faces in the crowd waiting for the train.“Stopping by Woods on a Snow Evening”.“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,” like many of Frost's poems, explores the theme of the individual caught between nature and civilization. The speaker's location on the border between civilization and wilderness echoes a common theme throughout American literature. The speaker is drawn to the beauty and allure of the woods, which represent nature, but has obligations—“promises to keep”—which draw him away from nature and back to society and the world of men. The speaker is thus faced with a choice of whether to give in to the allure of nature, or remain in the realm of society. Some critics have interpreted the poem as a meditation on death—the woods represent the allure of death, perhaps suicide, which the speaker resists in order to return to the mundane tasks which order daily life.1. One of his most well-known poems. New Hamshipre.2. iambic tetrameter3. Rubaiyat stanza,4. rhyming shceme: aaba/bbcb/ccdc/dddd5. chain rhyme“The Road Not Taken”.the poem is inspirational, a paean to individualism and non-conformism.The poem consists of four stanzas. In the first stanza, the speaker describes his position. He has been out walking in the woods and comes to two roads, and he stands looking as far down each one as he can see. He would like to try out both, but doubts he could do that, so therefore he continues to look down the roads for a long time trying to make his decision about which road to take. The ironic interpretation, widely held by critics, is that the poem is instead about regret and personal myth-making, rationalizing our decisions.In this interpretation, the final two lines:I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.are ironic : the choice made little or no difference at all, the speaker's protestations to the contrary. The speaker admits in the second and third stanzas that both paths may be equally worn and equally leaf-covered, and it is only in his future recollection that he will call one road "less traveled by".The sigh, widely interpreted as a sigh of regret, might also be interpreted ironically: in a 1925 letter to Cristine Yates of Dickson, Tennessee, asking about the sigh, Frost replied: "It was my rather private jest at the expense of those who might think I would yet live to be sorry for the way I had taken in life."T. S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”.On the surface, "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" relays the thoughts of a sexually frustrated middle-aged manwho wants to say something but is afraid to do so, and ultimately does not.The dispute, however, lies in to whom Prufrock is speaking, whether he is actually going anywhere, what he wants to say, and to what the various images refer. The intended audience is not evident. Some believe that Prufrock is talking to another person or directly to the reader, while others believe Prufrock's monologue is internal. Perrine writes "The 'you and I' of the first line are divided parts of Prufrock's own nature", while Mutlu Konuk Blasing suggests that the "you and I" refers to the relationship between the dilemmas of the character and the author. Similarly, critics dispute whether Prufrock is going somewhere during the course of the poem. In the first half of the poem, Prufrock uses various outdoor images (the sky, streets, cheap restaurants and hotels, fog), and talks about how there will be time for various things before "the taking of toast and tea", and "time to turn back and descend the stair." This has led many to believe that Prufrock is on his way to an afternoon tea, in which he is preparing to ask this "overwhelming question". Others, however, believe that Prufrock is not physically going anywhere, but rather, is playing through it in his mind.Perhaps the most significant dispute lies over the "overwhelming question" that Prufrock is trying to ask. Many believe that Prufrock is trying to tell a woman of his romantic interest in her, pointing to the various images of women's arms and clothing and the final few lines in which Prufrock laments that the mermaids will not sing to him. Others, however, believe that Prufrock is trying to express some deeper philosophical insight or disillusionment with society, but fears rejection, pointing to statements that express a disillusionment with society such as "I have measured out my life with coffee spoons" (line 51). Many believe that the poem is a criticism of Edwardian society and Prufrock's dilemma represents the inability to live a meaningful existence in the modern world. McCoy and Harlan wrote "For many readers in the 1920s, Prufrock seemed to epitomize the frustration and impotence of the modern individual. He seemed to represent thwarted desires and modern disillusionment."As the poem uses the stream of consciousness technique, it is often difficult to determine what is meant to be interpreted literally or symbolically. In general, Eliot uses imagery which is indicative of Prufrock's character, representing aging and decay. For example, "When the evening is spread out against the sky / Like a patient etherized upon a table" (lines 2-3), the "sawdust restaurants" and "cheap hotels," the yellow fog, and the afternoon "Asleep...tired... or it malingers" (line 77), are reminiscent of languor and decay, while Prufrock's various concerns about his hair and teeth, as well as the mermaids "Combing the white hair of the waves blown back / When the wind blows the water white and black," show his concern over aging.Moby Dick Herman Melville1. Ahab: captain of the whaling ship2. Pequod: name of the whaling ship3. Theme: the rebellious struggle of Captain Ahab against the overwhelming, mysterious vastness of the universe and its awesome sometimes merciless forces.4. Symbols & allegory:Pequod= microcosm of human society;The voyage= a search for truth;Moby Dick= nature (complex, unfathomable, malignant, beautiful), an ultimate mystery of universe.To Helen Edgar Allan Poe1. Theme: celebrate the nurturing power of women—Helen’s beauty is soothing and provide safety & security.2. Create the image & impression of the idealized & unreal woman;3. Represent beauty, melancholy. Though heart desired, inaccessible.4. Allusion, assonance, consonance, repetition5. Ababb/ababa/abbab6. Naiad= goddess; Psyche= goddess of the soulAnnabel LeeRhyme, Rhythm, Repetition: Poe uses three R’s–rhyme, rhythm, and repetition–in “Annabel Lee” to create a harmony of sounds that underscore the exquisite harmony of the narrator’s relationship with his beloved.Theme Eternal love. The love between the narrator and Annabel Lee is so strong and beautiful and pure that even the seraphs, the highest order of angels in heaven, envy it. They attempt to kill this love by sending a chilling wind that kills Annabel Lee. However, the love remains alive–eternal–because the souls of the lovers remain united. The death of a beautiful woman is a common theme in Poe’s writing.Poe repeats this rhythmic pattern throughout the poem, perhaps to suggest the rise and fall of the tides. He also repeats key phrases–such as in this kingdom by the sea and my Annabel Lee (or my beautiful Annabel Lee)–to create haunting refrains. In addition, Poe sometimes repeats words or word patterns within a single line, as in (1) many and many a year ago, (2) we loved with a love that was more than love, and (3) my darling–my darling. Poe further enhances the rhythm of the poem with the repetition of consonant sounds (alliteration). Notice, for example, the repetition of the “w” and “l” sounds in this line in Stanza 2: But we loved with a love that was more than love." Poe sometimes couples repetition of consonant sounds with repetition of vowel sounds, as in many and many, love and be loved, and those who were older than we.Imagery–Darkness and Light: Implied and explicit images of darkness and light occur throughout the poem.Poe’s Artistic theoriesPoems should be short, concise and readable at one sitting;The aim of poem writing is beauty; the most beautiful thing described by a poem is the death of a beautiful woman; the desirable tone of a poem is melancholy;He opposed didactic poems;He stressed the form of poem, especially the beautiful and neat rhyme.His View and Theme1) He concludes that “the death of a beautifulwoman is, unquestionably, the most poeticaltopic in the world”.2) Melancholy is the most legitimate of all thepoetic tones.3) He was interested in imagination and fancy aswell as deduction and induction.First StanzaNotice the recurrence of "m" and "n" sounds (alliteration).Second StanzaCoveted: envied, resentedThird Stanzathis was the reason: the seraphs' envylong ago: these words echo many a year ago in Line 1, Stanza 1.a cloud: Using these words instead of the sky infuses foreboding and gloom while symbolizing the dark envy of the seraphs.selpulchre: British spelling of sepulcher. Britain, of course, has always had a monarchy, the type of government that would rule in a "kingdom by the seaFourth stanzaout of a cloud by night: Use of this phrase emphasizes the dark envy of the angels and their sneaky scheme (which unfolds under the cover of night).chilling and killing: an example of internal rhymeFifth StanzaThe narrator here focuses on three worlds: (1) earth, the realm of humans; (2) heaven, the realm of angels; and (3) hell, the realm of demons. The love between him and Annabel is stronger than any other earthly love and can survive the sinister efforts of the angels and the demons to sabotage蓄意破坏it.ever, dissever: internal rhymeSixth StanzaPoe stresses imagery of light in this stanza, associating moonbeams with dreams about his beloved and the radiance of stars with her eyes. In the sixth line, he uses a figure of speech called anaphora首语重复法when he writes the word my four times."I heard a fly buzz--when I died"The poems include observations of nature, accounts of a moment’s revel ation, descriptions of sexual stirrings, and meditations on the nature of life and death. Dickinson’s poetry is unique and unconventional in its own way. Her poems have no titles. And her poetic idiom is noted for its laconic brevity, directness and plainness. is told by a narrator who uses past tense to describe the final moments of their life. The poem gives the reader an inside look into the final moments of death from someone who has already died. The fly is the central figure representing the oncoming of death. The poem is full of many metaphors and similes, such as the king mentioned in the poem who represents a belief in religion. The wording of the poem affirms Emily Dickinson's belief in life after death. The poem has a short title but is deep in meaning. Death is inevitable to all who are born, although not all deaths are disturbed by a pesky fly.“I heard a Fly buzz” employs all of Dickinson’s formal patterns: trimeter and tetrameter iambic lines (four stresses in the first and third lines of each stanza, three in the second and fourth, a pattern Dickinson follows at her most formal); rhythmic insertion of the long dash to interrupt the meter; and an ABCB rhyme scheme. Interestingly, all the rhymes before the final stanza are half-rhymes (Room/Storm, firm/Room, be/Fly), while only the rhyme in the final stanza is a full rhyme (me/see). Dickinson uses this technique to build tension; a sense of true completion comes only with the speaker’s death.。
TheWildHoneySuckle野忍冬花教学资料
The Wi l d Hone y Suckl e 野忍冬花At first thy little being came;If nothing once, you nothing lose,For when you die you are thesame; The space between is butan hour, The frail duration offlower.孕育了你娇小的身躯。
你从尘土来，又归尘土去， 来时一无所有，去时化作尘土, 可叹生命苦短， 你终究红消香断。
Published in his Poems （1786）Virtually un read in his lifetimeCon sidered one of the autho 'fi nest n ature poems.Written in four six-line iambic tetrameter （抑扬格四音步）stanzas rhymed onababccpatter n.这些格律上的规范折射岀金银花的生死有律。
第一节描述春天中的金银花开得非常漂亮，但无人欣赏、无人抚摸。
因为这些花躲藏在单调且僻静的地方金银花得以很好的生长保存。
第二节中大写的“ Nature ”告诉我们夏天的金银花和理性的“ self ”是生活在自然 之道或自然之神里。
Nature 保护着金银花，命令金银花避开“ the vulgar eye"，让一切按自然之道进行：流水 低语地流淌，夏天“quietly ”溜走，金银花的日子逐渐“to repose",恢复宁静。
第三节表现出诗人对大自然的 敬畏。
诗人感悟到大自然不可逆转的宿命规律，有点伤感（ grieve ），但对大自然的残酷力量充满敬畏。
最后一节，是诗人冬天里的哲学沉思。
人与花一样，从早上到晚上，从生到死，都是那么短暂，那么脆 弱。
生之前，死之后，生死之间，事物都一样，都蕴含在自然中。
TheWildHoneySuckle[修改版]
![TheWildHoneySuckle[修改版]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/77587f1aaeaad1f347933f7a.png)
第一篇：The Wild Honey SuckleThe Wild Honey Suckle 野忍冬花by Philip Freneau 菲利浦·弗瑞诺(黄杲炘译)Fair flower, that dost so comely grow, 美好的花呀，你长得：这么秀丽，Hid in this silent,dull retreat, 却藏身在这僻静沉闷的地方——Untouched thy honeyed blossoms blow, 甜美的花儿开了却没人亲昵，Unseen thy little branches greet: 招展的小小枝梢也没人观赏；No roving foot shall crush thee here, 没游来荡去的脚来把你踩碎，No busy hand provoke a tear. 没东攀西摘的手来催你落泪。
By Nature's self in white arrayed, 大自然把你打扮得一身洁白，She bade thee shun the vulger eye, 她叫你避开庸俗粗鄙的目光，And planted here the guardian shade, 她布置下树荫把你护卫起来，And sent soft waters murmuring by; 又让潺潺的柔波淌过你身旁；Thus quietly thy summer goes, 你的夏天就这样静静地消逝，Thy days declining to repose. 这时候你日见萎蔫终将安息。
Smit with those chams,that must decay, 那些难免消逝的美使我销魂，I grieve to see your future doom; 想起你未来的结局我就心疼，They died--nor were those flowers more gay, 别的那些花儿也不比你幸运——The flowers that did in Eden bloom; 虽开放在伊甸园中也已凋零，Unpitying frosts,and Autumn's power 无情的寒霜再加秋风的威力，Shall leave no vestige of this flower. 会叫这花朵消失得一无踪迹。
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Philip Freneau
• In <The Wild Honey Suckle>,Freneau addresses a flower, writing to it, how beautiful it is. He wishes that it would not be damaged. He appreciates the skillfully planted wild honey suckle and its harmonic place within nature. He also expresses his worries about the flower and compares it to those in paradise. He is aware of the flower’s fading and the short time that lies between growing and dying.
• Fair
•By Nature's self in white arrayed, She bade thee shun the vulgar eye, And planted here the guardian shade, And sent soft waters murmuring by; Thus quietly thy summer goes, Thy days declining to repose.
•Smit with those charms, that must decay, I grieve to see your future doom; They died--nor were those flowers more gay, The flowers that did in Eden bloom; Unpitying frosts, and Autumn's power Shall leave no vestige of this flower.
But the next stanza immediately changed the tone from silent admiration and appreciation to outright lamentation over the “future’s doom” of the flower—even nature was unable to save the flower from its death.
The Wild Honey Suckle
Philip Freneau
• This poem is divided into four stanzas. Each stanza consists of four lines, rhyming “ababcc”, and sounds just like music.
flower, that dost so comely grow, Hid in this silent, dull retreat, Untouched thy honeyed blossoms blow, Unseen thy little branches greet: No roving foot shall crush thee here, No busy hand provoke a tear.
And then, Freneau said, “if nothing once, you nothing lose.” It is true in people’s existence. There is fate for the life and death. After one’s death, the only thing he can take away is what he brought when he gave birth to this world.
Thank you!
In the first two stanzas, Freneau devoted more attention to the environment of the flower in which he found it than to the appearance of the flower. He commented on the secluded nature of the place where the honey suckle grew, drawing a conclusion that it was due to nature’s protectiveness that the flower was able to lead a peaceful life free from men’s disturbance and destruction.
• From morning suns and evening
dews At first thy little being came: If nothing once, you nothing lose, For when you die you are the same; The space between, is but an hour, The frail duration of flower.