Book 2 Unit 3教师版
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Book 2 Unit 3 Computers
课文填空:
1. In small groups, discuss what they have in common? (P17)
2. I began only as a calculating machine in 1642 in France. (P18)
3. My real father was Alan Turing, who in 1936 wrote a book to describe how computers could be made to work, and built a “universal machine” to solve any mathematical problem. (P18)
4. As the years have gone by, I have been made smaller and smaller. (P18)
5. There were times when my size was totally (total) changed. (P18)
6. And my memory became so large that I couldn’t believe it! (P18)
7. But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s, they gave me a family connected (connect) by a network. (P18)
8. I have truly (true) been built to serve the human race since my birth. (P18)
9. I was amazed (amaze) to find that I won the competition to design a new computer. (P20)
10. The competition was so exciting (excite) that we cheered all evening. (P20)
11. Robots can be bought so cheaply (cheap) that I gave one to each of my friends (P20)
12. It was so unlucky (luck) that you lost your watch at the concert. (P20)
13. Then read your report to another pair as if they are a teacher or the headmaster. (P22)
14. I’m as big as a human. In fact, I look like one too. On the football team, I’m a striker, so I can run very fast
(P22)
15. In a way, my programmer is like my coach. (P23)
16. Then she programs possible moves that I can use if a new situation arises. In this way, I can make up new
moves. After all, with the help of my computer brain which never forgets anything, intelligence is what I’m all about! (P23)
17. A printer is a machine for printing text or pictures onto paper, especially (especial) one connected to a computer (P57)
18. This is why I am writing to you from my hospital bed with two broken legs and a fragile head. (P59)
短语练习:
1. 以上图片the pictures above (P17)
2. 以下表达方式the following expressions (P17)
3. 以我的观点in my opinion (P17)
4. 改变某人的生活change one’s life/lives (P18)
5. 服从命令follow instructions (P18)
6. 带洞的卡片cards with holes (P18)
7. 听起来简单sound simple (P18)
8. 在那时at that time (P18)
9. 技术革命technological revolution (P18)
10. 头脑简单的simple-minded (P18)
11. 人工智能artificial intelligence (P18)
12. 追溯go back to (P18)
13. 越来越小smaller and smaller (P18)
14. 越来越聪明cleverer and cleverer (P18)
15. 越来越快quicker and quicker (P18) 16. 和别人共享信息
share information with others (P18)
17. 同时at the same time (P18)
18. 被带入人们的家庭
be brought into people’s homes (P18)
19. 在20世纪70年代in the 1970s (P18)
20. 自从那时since then (P18)
21. 处理信息deal with information (P18)
22. 与彼此交流
communicate with each other (P18)
23. 被用来be used to (P18)
24. 人类human race (P18)
25. 从我出生since my birth (P18)
26. 复习go over (P18)
28. 采取正确的行动take correct action (P19)
29. 以几个不同的频道on several different channels (P19)
30. 尽管,虽然in spite of (P19)
31. 进行革命make a revolution (P20)
32. 个人电脑a personal computer (P20)
33. 轮流take turns (P21)
34. 返回学校return to school (P21)
35. 保持教室干净keep the classroom tidy (P21)
36. 优势和劣势advantages and disadvantages (P21)
37. 做决定make a decision (P22)
38. 可循环材料recycled materials (P22)
39. 一年一次once a year (P22)
40. 聚在一起get together (P22)
41. 射门have a shot for a goal (P22)
42. 得第二名get second place (P23)
43. 所有可能的…all the possible (P23)
44. 贯坏的孩子a spoiled child (P23)
45. 看守,监视watch over (P23)
46. 日夜工作work day and night (P24)
47. 洗盘子do the dishes (P24)
48. 拖地mop the floors (P24)
49. 在田野里in the fields (P24)
50. 充分利用make full use of (P24)
51. 更重要的是What’s more (P24)
52. 存储信息store information (P57)
53. 大量数据a large amount of data (P57)
54. 这种类型的电脑this type/ kind of computers (P57)
55. 专门设计be specially designed (P57)
56. 充分考虑be greatly considered (P57)
57. 全世界all over the world (P57)
58. 谈论某人的生活talk about one’s life/ lives (P58)
59. 填表fill in the form (P58)
60. 高空飞行训练high flying exercises (P58)
61. 终点线the finishing line (P58)
62. 全中国的球迷fans from all over China (P58)
63. 手提电视handheld TVs (P58)
64. 银牌the silver medal (P59)
65. 生病fall ill (P59)
66. 记录keep a record (P59)
67. 失败的原因reason for failure (P59)
68. 转换角色change roles (P60)
69. 记笔记take notes (P60)
70. 数码相机digital cameras (P60)
单词
1. common adj
(1)共同的,共有的
eg. Britain and America share a common language.英国和美国使用相同的语言。
(2)常见的,普通的(= ordinary, usual)
eg. Is this word in common use?这个词常用么?
eg. Now the common people can afford to buy cars.现在普通百姓也能买得起汽车了?
eg. Snow is common in cold countries.在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。
(3)低俗的,粗鄙的
eg. I don’t like him, for he’s as common as dirt他这人粗俗不堪,我不喜欢他。
扩展:
common interests 公共利益=public interests/ benefits
普通知识in common 共有,公用,常和have连用
have something/ nothing/ a lot/ little/ much in common有一些/无/有许多/几乎无/许多共同之处eg. The two brothers own the company in common.这兄弟俩共有这家公司。
in common (with sb./ sth. )= like sb./ sth.; together with sb./ sth.(和…)有共同之处,
eg. In common with most educated people, he prefers classic music to jazz.
和大多数受过教育的人一样,比起爵士乐来他更喜欢古典音乐
eg. John and I have nothing in common我和约翰没有共同之处。
= I have nothing in common with John
区别:usual/ common/ general/ normal/ average/ ordinary/universal
(1)usual,通常强调由于长时间没有变化而形成了一种习惯或制度,有“遵循常规”之意。
常译成“惯常的,通常的,寻常的,惯例的”as usual是固定短语,表示“像平时一样”
eg. Are you coming home at the usual time? Yes, I shall leave the office at the same time as usual.你准备按往常的时间回家么?是的,我将和平常一样准时离开办公室。
eg. My usual chair had been moved from its usual place.我平常用的椅子已从老地方移开了。
(2)common 表示“时时发生,人所共有”,并且含有“并不高贵,地位低下”之意味。
a common saying俗语
eg. Near-sightedness is very common.近视是很普遍的。
eg. He had a very common look about him.他有着很普通的外表。
(3)general表示在大多数人或物中流行并受到关注,不含有“地位低下”之意,此外,general还有“总体的,概括的”之含义。
the general manager 总经理in general通常,一般,大体上= generally eg. Worrying about high food prices is now fairly general.对高昂的食品价格的担心是很普遍。
eg. The opposing parties failed in the general election for all their pains.
尽管反对党费尽心机,还是在大选中遭到了失败。
(4)normal“正常的,正规的,常态的”,其深层含义与standard有关,强调在正常情况下应有的。
eg. The normal price of a ticket is 230 pounds.一张票的正常价格是230英镑。
eg. The normal temperature of the human body is 36. 人体正常温度是36度。
(5)average普通的,一般水平的,平均的,平均数on the average平均来说
eg. There was nothing special about it. It was only average.
他没有什么特别的,只是普普通通罢了。
(6)ordinary表示“随便可以碰到,不值得惊奇”之意时,与common基本同义。
an ordinary/ a common person一个普通人。
eg. It was a very ordinary day today.今天是很平常的一天。
eg. Tom Sawyer was an ordinary American boy who kept getting into trouble.
汤姆索耶是个常常惹是生非的普普通通的美国男孩。
(7)universal语气比general强,指放之四海而皆准的,强调没有例外。
进一步区别:common/ ordinary
如果形容人common 表示的“普通”主要是指地位。
ordinary表示的“普通”含有“平凡”的意思;common 在形容人的声、貌、举止等时,带有粗俗的意思。
ordinary不含这个意思。
如果形容物,common可表示“常见的,常发生的,大家都知道的”等意思,强调出现次数频繁或范围广泛。
ordinary强调的是合乎常理,并不特殊。
common可表示“共有的”意思,但ordinary不能表示。
eg. This difficult work is above ordinary men.这项困难的工作是一般人力所不及的。
eg. He spoke with a common accent他说话粗声粗气。
eg. He is an ordinary-looing person.他是个模样平凡的人。
练习:common/ general/ ordinary/ usual
1. Kangaroos and koalas are common in Australia.
2. Let’s meet at the usual time.
3. As usual, he arrived last.
4. I have get the general idea of what he said just now.
5. This is a/ an common/ ordinary event
2. calculate v.
派生词:calculation n. 计算,计算结果calculator n.计算器
calculating adj.(通常贬义)会算计的,精明的
a calculated risk有意进行的冒险
be calculated to do sth.打算或计划做某事
It is calculated that…据计算
预计,指望
(1)计算,合计
eg. Have you calculated the result? 你算出结果了么?
(2)计划,打算
eg. This advertisement is calculated to appeal to children.这个广告是针对儿童设计的。
(3)估计,推算
eg. Scientists have calculated that the world’s population will double by the end of this century.
科学家已推算出世界人口在本世纪末将要增加一倍。
练习:
1. We can’t calculate on (having) good weather for the barbecue.
我不能指望着(有)好天气才去烧烤。
2. I haven’t calculated the result of the maths problem.
3. He is good at calculating numbers while she does well in English
3. analytical adj.分析的
eg. You should solve the problem in analytical way.你应用分析的方法接出那问题。
派生词:
analyse vt. 分析eg. analyse the cause of the defeat. 分析失败的原因
analysis n. 分析eg. We must make a careful analysis on the problem and then make a decision.
我们必须对此问题进行认真分析,然后再作决定. analyst n.分析家
短语: to make an analysis of 分析
in the final / last analysis 总之,最终仍是
on/ upon analysis 经分析
4. simple adj.简单的,单纯的 eg. He expressed himself in simple English.(用简单的英语) eg. He lived a simple life (过着简朴的生活)
构词法:adj.+ mind (n.)+ ed= adj. simple-minded 头脑简单的,笨的 small-minded 气量狭小的 broad-minded 宽宏大量的 noble-minded 思想高尚的 absent-minded 心不在焉的 5. intelligence n. [U]
(1)智力,才智 eg. an intelligence test 智力测验
(2)情报,谍报 eg. The general had secret intelligence of the plans of the enemy.
将军掌握了敌方计划的秘密情报.
派生词:
intellect n.
(1)[U] 理智;才智;智能
(2)[C](单数可表示总称)有智力的人,有头脑的人 eg. the intellect(s) of the age 当代的知识分子 intellectual adj.(1)脑力上的,智力上的(2)有智力的,有头脑的 n.[C]知识分子
intelligent adj.有头脑的,聪明的;理解力强的intelligently adv (intelligent 指任何头脑伶俐的人或动物;而
intellectual 指受过良好教育,并对需要使用脑力的事情感兴趣的人:an intelligent animal 精灵
的动物 an intellectual engineer 才智过人的工程师)
6. anyway
(1)不论以何种方式,不论以何种方法 eg. Get the job done anyway you can.不管以何种方式都得完成这项工作。
(2)无论如何,至少(=in any case; at least)
eg. I don ’t know if it was lost or stolen; anyway, it ’s gone
我不知道它是丢了还是被偷了;不管怎么说,它没了。
(3)但是,不顾(=nevertheless; regardless ) eg. It was raining but they played the game anyway.天在下雨,但他们还是举行了比赛。
扩展:
(1)anyhow adv.
(a )无论如何,不管怎样 eg. It may rain, but anyhow I shall go out.天可能要下雨,但无论如何我要出门。
eg. Well, anyhow, I got into the room 后来不管怎么样,我还是进了屋。
eg. Anyhow I must finish this job today.无论如何,我今天要完成这件工作。
(b) 用来表示更换话题
eg. John is a good friend of mine. Well anyhow, I left for America the next morning. 约翰是
我的好朋友,但是我明天早上要去美国了。
open-minded 虚心的,没有偏见的 narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的 single-minded 一心一意的 s trong-minded 意志坚强的 weak-minded 低能的,愚蠢的
(2)someway=somehow adv.以某种方式;不知怎么地
eg. We must get there someway before ten o’clock.
我必须设法在10点以前感到那里。
eg. Somehow I don’t like the girl.不知怎么地,我不喜欢这女孩。
7. totally adv.全部地,完全
eg. The town was totally destroyed (完全毁了)in the earthquake.
eg. They come from totally different (完全不同)cultures.
total adj.
(1)全部的,总数的(只用作定语)
eg. The total score(满分)is one hundred and fifty.
eg. He was a total stranger to me.他对我来讲完全是个陌生人.
eg. The total population of China (中国总人口)is more than 1.3 billion
(2) = complete完全的,绝对的eg. total defeat 全败total victory彻底的胜利
n. [ C]总数,总计
短语:(1)in total= in all =altogether总计,总共(2)a total of总共(3)sum total 总额
vi. 合计,总数达到(to, up to)total up to=add up to = amount to = come to
eg. His debts totaled up to $ 100, 000..
比较: whole adj.完整的,整个的
eg. There isn’t a whole plate in this house.这所房子里没有一个完整的盘子.
eg. I want to know the whole truth about this matter.我想知道这件事的全部真相.
n. [ C] 整个,全部
eg. A whole is greater than any of its parts.整体大于部分.
短语: as a whole总体说来,作为整体 on/ upon the whole大致上,大体上
区别:whole/ all
在单数可数名词前和不可数名词前多用whole, 如:the whole school, the whole thing; 在复数可数名词前多用all, 如:all (the) students, all ( the) countries. all 可以修饰不可数名词,如:all the money, all the food.在表示时间的名词前,既可用whole,也可用all, 但应注意其结构的不同:all (the) month/ the whole month, all the day/ the whole day.但是hour 和century只能用whole修饰(the whole hour/ a whole hour).注意all 和whole在句中定冠词的位置不同.
8 advantage n.优点,优势,利益,好处eg. I just can’t see what the advantages are.
短语:be of great (no) advantage to对...大大有利(毫无裨益)
have/ gain/ win an advantage over胜过,优于
to one’s advantage对……有利
take (full) advantage of 利用,欺骗eg. She took advantage of my generosity
at an advantage处于有利地位。
advantage over胜过,优于
be at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
to one’s disadvantage对某人不利
练习:
1. He could not speak English 2 years ago, which put him at a disadvantage .(使他处于不利地位)
2.The weakness at English will be to his disadvantage (对他不利)in the coming College Entrance
Examinations
9 type/ kind/ sort
(1) type n. [C](a)类型,种,类 a new type of computer新型电脑; blood types血型
(b) 典型,样板,样本 a fine type 优秀典范; in type排好版的
v. 用打字机打eg. She typed out the letter carefully.她仔细地把信打了出来.派生词:typewriter 打字机, typist打字员
(2) kind n. [C] 种类 a kind of 一种,某一种
eg. I have a kind of feeling that our team will win.我有种预感,我们队一定会赢.短语:
of a kind同一类的;图有其名的; eg. Things of a kind come together.物以类聚.
all kinds of..(… of all kinds)各种各样的eg. We have all kinds of books (books of all kinds) in our
school library.我们学校图书馆里各种书都有.the kind of…...的种类;那种...eg. he isn’t the kind of person to waste his time.
他不是浪费时间的那种人.
different kind(s) of…不同种类的,
(3) sort n. [C]"种类,类别"eg. What sort of girl is she?她是哪种类型的女孩呢?
v.把...分类;整理,挑选.
短语:a sort of一种; all sorts of各种各样的; sort out把……分类,整理,
区别:type/ kind/ sort
(1) type“型,类型,式”,指某一类中的典型,它所表示的概念比较具体。
(2) kind是最普通用词,“种,类,属”,就属于同种类的东西而言,它所表达的概念比较普通
(3) sort是非正式用词,它的意思与kind一样,就大体相似的东西而言,二者可以通用,但当表示带有
轻蔑的意味时,常用sort
eg. Do you often smoke this kind/ sort of cigarettes?
eg. I’ll never do this sort of thing ( things of this sort/ this sort of things).
10 disagree vi.不同意,不一致eg. I disagree with you about this.
派生词:disagreeable adj.令人不愉快的,讨厌的,(人)难以相处的
disagreeablely adv.
disagreement n.不一致,意见相左,(气候,食物)不适合(反义词:agreement n).
be in disagreement with和……意见相左
arrive at/ come to/ reach/ make/ conclude/ keep to/ stick to/ break an agreement
达成/履行/违背协议
区别:agree( disagree) with/ to/ on
(1) agree with表示“不同意某人的意见,想法,分析,解释等”,还可以表示“天气,食物等不适
合某人”后接人或表示意见,观点的词。
eg. I don’t agree with you
eg.I don’t agree with what you said/ your words
(2)agree to表示“同意某项建议,计划,办法等“
eg.Our parents agreed to our plan for the party
(3)agree on/ upon“就……达成一致协议/取得一致意见“
eg.They don’t agree on the price of the house.
练习:1. They don’t agree on the terms of the contract.
2.The food doesn’t agree with him.
3. He agreed to lend me some money.
11. choice n.
(1) [C/ U] 选择,抉择eg. The choice is up to you.该由你选择。
make a choice作出选择
face/be faced with a choice面临选择
careful/ good/ right/ wise/ bad/ wrong/ hard choice.
认真的/好的/正确的/明智的/糟糕的/错误的/艰难的选择
(2)[ C]选择的人或东西eg. It was not a happy choice.选的东西不能令人高兴。
(3) [U]选择余地,选择权。
eg. There is not much choice between the two.这两个之间选择余地不大
练习:1. I’d like to suggest that it was a wrong choice.(这是个错误的选择)
2. It seemed to me that he had two choices(他有两种选择)
短语:have no choice but to do sth.除做…之外,别无选择
do nothing but do除…外,什么也不做
do what (all/ everything) sb. can to…尽力做某事
eg. I have no choice but to work hard我除了努力工作外,别无选择。
eg. My dog does everything but speak.我的狗什么都会做,就是不会说话
eg. He did nothing but lie down.他就是躺着,什么也不干。
派生词:choice adj. 精选的choice fruit精选水果
choose v. 双宾语
from+选择范围
选举eg. We chose Mr. Black (as/ to be )our leader.
choose 表示“要,决意做某事”后接to do/ that
短语:cannot choose but + do 只好= cannot but + do= have to do = cannot help but
eg. I cannot choose but obey.我只好服从。
cannot help +doing“禁不住做某事”
区别:choose/ elect/ pick
(1) choose 指根据个人的意愿或基于某种理由挑出喜爱的人或物
eg. Let him choose one book from these
eg. You can choose anyone you like.
eg. We chose him monitor of our class.
(2) elect 指用投票或其他方式选举eg. Mr. Zhang was elected mayor of Tianjin.
(3) pick 为最常用语,指根据个人喜爱或希望挑选出最合适的。
eg. He picked a winning horse.
eg. I tried to pick an exact word to describe it.
12. personally adv.
(1) 亲自= in person eg. I thanked them personally.我亲自感谢他们。
eg. He is personally in charge of the work.他亲自负责这项工作。
(2) 私下eg. May I speak to you personally about this difficult matter?
我可以私下跟你谈谈这件难事么?
(3) 就对个人而言= as far as sb. is concerned eg. Personally, I don’t mind.
此类评述类的词还有:supriseingly, disappointedly,luckily, 在句中做状语
13. create v.
(1) 创造,创建eg. create a drama 创作戏剧eg. create a role/ part in a play塑造剧中角色
eg. We’ve created a good environment for economy.我们营造了一个良好的经济环境。
eg. Her new dress created much excitement.她的新衣服引起了很大骚动。
(2) 引起,产生,造成eg. His behavior created a bad impression他的行为给人恶劣的印象。
派生词: creation n.创造,创立 creative adj. 有创造力的
14 move n.
(1) [C] 下棋的一步;走法,招数
eg. That was a clever move. (2) [C] 常用单数,走一步,搬迁 eg. Don ’t make a move or I’ll shoot. 别动,否则我就开枪。
eg. We plan a move in the spring.我们计划春天搬家。
(3) [C] 步骤,行动 eg. None of the moves to stop the war has been successful
所有阻止战争的行动都没有成功。
短语:make a move 走,离开,采取行动 on the move 在活动,在运动,在前进。
vt.(1)移动,搬动 eg. move troops 调兵/ move house 搬家
(2) 感动,鼓动,激起 eg. We were moved with admiration at the magnificent bridge.
望着这座雄伟的大桥,我们感动得赞叹不已。
vi (1)移动;离开;动身;前进;(下棋)走一子 eg. Don ’t move, or I ’ll shoot. 别动,否则我就开枪。
(2) 迁移,搬家eg. move in/ into a newly built workers ’ residential
短语:move in 搬家,迁入新居move on 继续前进,转换话题
15 arise (= come into being, come to notice)
(1)发生,出现,产生 eg. A difficulty arose right here 困难在这儿出现了。
(2) 站起来,起身 eg. I arose, telling him that I would wait for him outside the office.
我站起来,告诉他我会在办公室外等他。
(3) + from/ out of “起因于,由…产生”
短语:arise against 奋起反对when the need arises= when it is necessary 必要时
区别:arouse/ arise/ raise/ rise
arouse( aroused, aroused) vt 唤醒,唤起
arise ( arose, arisen) vi “出现”多用于抽象意思,因而其主语多为抽象名词( problem, difficulty, loss, )
或无形物(smoke,wind, mist )
raise vt “提高”后面必须接宾语
rise vi “升高”其后不接宾语
练习:1. He raised his voice 2. The moon rose. 3. Many difficulties have arisen during the operation. 16. wander vt./ vi.漫游,游荡;漫步,流浪 派生词:wandering n.
wonder v 惊异,惊叹
(1) 多用作vi.,常和介词或副词连用,“无目的的各处行走,漫游,徘徊“
eg. I was wandering through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor ’s shop.
我正在街上徘徊,突然看见一家服装店。
(2) + away/ off “离开正途或正确方向,迷失“
eg. The dog wanders off/ away and got lost.那狗走失了。
(3) “离开正题,精神错乱”eg. His mind wanders at times 。
他有时心不在焉。
短语
1. in one ’s opinion = in the opinion of sb.=to one ’s mind= to one ’s thinking
eg. In my opinion ,(依我看) the price is too high.
eg. In the opinion of most people, (大多数人认为)we won ’t finish it in a week.
creativity n.创造力,独创力 creature n.创造物,产物,生物,
短语:be of the same opinion 意见一致 be of different opinions 意见不一致 have a good/ poor, bad/ high/ low opinion 对……评价好/坏/高/低
give/ express one ’s opinions on/ upon “对……发表意见” have no opinion of sb./ sth. “对……没有好感/评价不高” eg. Each one at the meeting gave his opinion on the plan. eg. From then on I had no opinion of his plan 我就觉的他的计划不行。
注意:“依我看”不可译成according to me/ my opinion 但可以说according to our teacher/ Tom
in one ’s opinion=in the opinion of sb.=in one ’s view=in the view of sb.和sb. think/ guess/ feel 都
表示个人的看法或意见,并使自己的看法或意见听起来不那么武断,不那么绝对化。
in one ’s
opinion.比sb think/ guess/ feel 正式
He is wasting time.(直述)
I think he is wasting time.(委婉)
In my opinion, he is wasting time.(正式)
短语:“根据……的看法”
be of one ’s opinion
in one ’s opinion
It ’s one ’s opinion that
2. go by
(1) 经过(某地)=go past; pass by eg. A car went by at full speed.一辆汽车全速驶过。
(2) (时间)过去,= go on, pass, fly;(机会)失去
eg. Don ’t let this opportunity go by.不要放过这次机会 eg. Two years have gone by (两年过去了)before he realized it.
(3) 遵循,依据……办事
eg. You can ’t go by what he says. eg. Going by the traffic rule (根据交通规则), the driver should be punished.
区别:go by/ go on/ pass / fly
它们都表示“时间过了”,但go by, pass, 常表示确切的年月过去,go on, fly 常指时间的流逝。
eg. Three years went by before she knew it.
eg. Spring passed quickly
eg. As time went on, his hair became grey.
eg. How time flies!
eg. vi. (went, gone)
(1) 去,走;驶 eg. Go and see, Jim. Jim ,去看一看
(2) (后接表语)+ adj.:变成(某种状态)(常表示不好的趋势变化) eg.go bad 变坏(质)go blind 瞎眼go wrong 出错go hungry 挨饿go sour 变酸go hard 变硬
(3) 通到,达到 eg. The road goes to the river 这条路通到河边。
(4) 消失 eg. Today, the forests have almost gone.现在,这些森林几乎都消失了。
(5) 持续 eg. get the fire going 使火燃下去。
eg. Autumn starts in August, and goes on to October.秋天从八月开始持续到十月。
(6) (铃)响 eg. There goes the bell 铃响了。
n. [C] (pl. goes) 尝试(做某事)eg. Do you want a go?你要试一试么?
I am of the opinion that In my opinion (我认为) she is very clever. It is my opinion that
go 用法:
(1) be going to + do :表示即将发生、打算或准备做、照计划或安排要发生某事,其他表示过去未完成的意
愿: eg. I was going to see a friend of mine yesterday, but in the end I stayed at home doing nothing at all.昨天我本想去看朋友,但最后呆在家里什么也没干。
(2) gone =lost , missing 作表语,意为“走了,不在(了);去了,没有了”
eg. How long do you think you ’ll be gone (= away)?你想你会离开多久?
eg. Suddenly she found her watch gone.她突然发现手表丢了。
(3) 用于引申意义:eg. The engine went smoothly.发动机运转情况良好。
go 短语小结:
3 deal with 与...交易;对待,处理
eg. He ’s a difficult man. Nobody quite know how to deal with him
eg. I ’m not sure how to deal with the situation at work.
deal n. 量,数额,交易 eg. A great deal of money was spent.花了一大笔钱.
v. ( dealt, dealt) 对付,处理;分配;做买卖;经营
短语:a great deal of 许多的,大量的(后接不可数名词)
deal sb. sth.=deal sth. to sb.处理;对待
deal in 经营,买卖 eg. This shop deals in goods of all sorts
4 in a way 在某种程度上,稍稍= in one way
eg. In a way he is right.他在某种程度上是正确的。
eg. The work is well done in a way 在某种程度上说这项工作做得不错。
短语: all the way (1)一路上(2)从远道(3)从头至尾,至始至终 any way 不管怎样,无论如何 by the way (1)顺便说(2)在路旁,在途中 by way of (1) 通过……方法(或形式等)(2)经由(3)为了,以求(4)作为,当作
feel one ’s way (1)摸黑走(2)谨慎行事
(3) 和介词连用: eg. Pride goes before a fall (谚语)骄者必败。
go for +n. ( a walk/ a ride/ a haircut…)去散步/骑马/理发… go on a vis it/ a tour…去参观/旅游…… go over 检查 go through 通过,穿过,透过,经历,检查 go against 反对 go by the rules 按规定办事 go by looks 根据表情判断 go in for 从事,爱好 go back on 违背 go along with 赞成 go on with 继续 go after 追求=run after= be after go against 反对 go all out+ to do 全力以赴 (1) 和副词连用: go away 离开 go ahead 干吧,说吧,用吧;先走,走在前面;进行 go back(= return) 返回 go by (指时间的)过去;流逝;路过 go down 下落,减弱 go on 进行,进展,继续 go out 熄灭 go up 增长,提高,响起 (2)(和动名词连用) go + doing “去做某事” go shopping/ skating/ swimming/ sight-seeing/ hunting/ fishing/ walking/去购物/滑冰/游泳/观光/打猎/钓鱼/散步
get in one’s way妨碍,阻挡
give way让步,屈服;让路;退让;让位
go/ take one’s own way随心所欲,为所欲为;自主行事
in a/ one way(1)在某种程度上;在某点上(2)有几分,稍微
in no way 决不,一点也不
in the way妨碍的,挡道的;使人不便的
lead the way带路,引路
lose one’s/ the way迷路
make one’s own way取得成功,发迹
make one’s way去,前往,前进
make way(1)前进,进展(2)让路给;腾出地方(或位置)(+for)
mend one’s ways改过
No way!别想,没门1
on one’s way to在去……的路上;在到……的路中;在……过程中,在通往……道路上
on the way在路上,在途中
show sb. the way(用语言或手势等)给某人指路(带路,引路,作示范)
take one’s way to/ toward向……走去
This way, please请走这边
under way在进行中,前进着
way of life生活方式
练习:
1. It won’t do any good. So we can in no way(决不)allow it to continue.
2. The chair is in the way(碍事); move it please.
3. You mustn’t forget to call at Mr. Smith’s on your way back home(在你回家的路上).
5 make up
(1) 组成,形成(被动:be made up of)
eg.Farmers make up of 80% of the population of China.
eg. Britain is made up of England, Scotland, North Irish and Welsh.
(2) 铺床,准备好eg make up a room 把房间收拾好
eg. Bring the sheets and make up the bed. 把床单拿来,铺好床铺。
(3) 化妆,化装eg. Most women make up every day now.
(4) 虚构,编造eg. make up stories 编造故事
(5) 弥补,补足eg. You must make up the money we ask for你必须凑足我们所需要的钱。
eg. He made up for the loss.他弥补了损失。
区别:make up/ make up for
(a) make up表达“弥补,补偿”之意时,其宾语是耽误了的事
(b) make up for是指用其他方式来平衡,其宾语为补偿的目的。
eg. How can we make up to you for what you have suffered?我们如何补偿你所遭受的损害。
eg. Work hard to make up for the lost time.努力工作以补偿已经浪费的时间。
短语:make up to 讨好
make nothing of 不了解
make believe 假装make as if 装成要做
make for 走向,向…前进;导致,促成make sense讲得通,有意义,言之有理make sure 查明,务必要做到
make up one’s mind下定决心
6 after all毕竟,到底
放在句首时,含有“别忘了”之意。
放在句末时,含有“虽然有前边说过的话”或“与预料中的情况相反”之意。
eg. What present would you like to have for your birthday? After all, it is noly one week away.
你想要什么生日礼物?别忘了,离生日只有一星期了。
eg. I thought I was going to fail the exam, but I passed after all
我原以为我考试将会不及格,但毕竟还是通过了。
短语:all the same仍然,还是;尽管如此
all the way一路上
all the time一直
all the best 万事如意
above all 最重要的是
all along一直,始终eg. We have all along required them to protect the environment there.
all over遍及……的每一部分,浑身,结束
eg. The students travelled all over Shandong Province during the summer vacation.
eg. We looked all over for the child, but couldn’t find him.
all over the country ( world)遍及全国(全世界)
at all (否定句中)全然;(疑问句)究竟,到底;(条件句中)既然
eg. This is the first time I have been abroad at all.
not all all 一点也不eg. He isn’t interested in the subject at all.
in all 总计,全部eg. There are 125 teachers in our school in all.
all night long整夜
most of all最……
all alone单独,一个人,独自地
first of all首先
all but 几乎,差一点eg. The woman was all but run over by the car.
练习:after all, at all, in all, above all.
1. There are 20 in all.
2. Children need many things, but above all they need love
3. This is, after all, the least important of the problem.
4. Is he at all suitable for the post?
7 with the help of在……的帮助下
help vt. (1)( = assist)帮助,援助help sb. with sth./ to do sth.帮助某人(做)某事
eg Help me (to ) lift this box.帮我把这箱子抬起来。
(2)使进食;款待eg Help yourself (to the fruit)请随便吃(水果)吧( 避免使用please eat the fruit) (3)治疗,补救
(4)(与can, could连用) + doing避免,阻止eg. I can’t help crying.我忍不住哭了。
vi.(1)有帮助;有用
(2)[呼救用语] eg. Help!Help!
n.[C](1)帮助eg. Thanks for your kind help谢谢你好意帮助。
(2)帮手,助手(3)治疗;挽救方法
派生词:helper n.[C]帮手;佣工;帮助物。
短语:
cannot help but+do 不得不……eg. I cannot help but admire his courage我不得不赞赏他的勇气。
help oneself (to sth)(1)自用(食物等)(2)擅自取用
help sb. out 帮助某人解决难题(或摆脱困境)eg. I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out.
我做不出这道难题,请帮我一下。
help sb. with sth.帮助某人(做)某事
It can’t be helped.= There is no help for it.实在没法(比较:I can’t help it我没办法)
with the help of在……的帮助下
8. watch over看守,监视;照看守护(=look after, take care of)
eg. The dog watches over his master’s house.狗为主人看家。
eg. A nurse sat watching over him
watch vt. (1)观看,注视eg. watch ( a lot of) television.看电视(多)
(2)看管,看守,监视,守护,照管,注意eg. watch the sheep看守羊群
(3)( await, wait for)守侯,等待
eg. Watch your opportunity, and you will succeed.等待机会吧,你会成功的。
vi. (1)观看,注视eg. Are you going to play or only watch?你将参加比赛还是只去看看。
(2) 看守,守护,监视,注意eg. There are some soldiers watching at the gate.有些士兵守卫在门口。
(3) 守侯;等待(for) eg. watch for a chance.等待机会
(4) 整夜守护,照着eg. watch with the sick通宵看护病人
n. (pl. watches)
(1)[C]手表,挂表eg. I forgot to wind my watch.我忘了上表
(2)[ U] [(a) watch] 看守,守望,守卫eg. keep close watch over…密切注意(或监视)
(3)[C]值班人员,看守人,警卫,哨兵
(4) [C](轮班的)一班;一岗
短语:keep (a) watch值班;放哨;守望
on/ off watch在/不在值班
watch one’s time等待时机
watch out(for)注意,提防,戒备,留心,小心
watch over守卫,看守,监视
watch tower了望塔(watch指注意其动静, see表示看见, look at指视线看向目标,即注视)
短语练习: 1. He was watching for his chance.他在等待机会
2. Watch over one’s property. 保管财产
3. Watch out for these pictures。
注意影片上映的时间。
4. Jim kept watch for two hours. 值了2个小时的班
5. It kept watch on what was going on它监视发生的情况
句型
1. 1960s
年代表示法:年代+s/’s eg. the 1980s= the 1980’s
另外:某人几十岁时:物主代词+数词eg. in his forties 在他四十几岁时
2 so…that…/ such… that…
用法:so adj. + a/ an +单数名词=such a/ an + adj.+单数名词
另外,so many/few/ much/ little “如此多/少"但little 表示"小"则用such修饰。