系统分析与设计 第一章ppt

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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Systems That Solve Business Problems
 System

– interrelated components functioning together to achieve an outcome

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The Analyst as a Business Problem Solver
 Has

computer technology knowledge and programming expertise business problems

 Understands  Uses  Has

logical methods for solving problems

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System Boundary vs. Automation Boundary

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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Types of Information Systems
 Transaction


processing systems (TPS)

 Describe

 Explain

the importance of technical, people, and business skills for an analyst why ethical behavior is crucial for a systems analyst’s career
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 Describe

 Discuss

 Describe

Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Overview
 Information


sຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidustems

Crucial to success of modern business organizations Constantly being developed to make business more competitive Impact productivity and profits

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Required Skills of the Systems Analyst

Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Technical Knowledge and Skills
 An

analyst should have fundamental technology knowledge of

Capture and record information about organization’s transactions

 Management
 

information systems (MIS)

Take information captured by TPS Produce reports for planning and control
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Types of Information Systems (continued)
 Enterprise


applications

Highly integrated systems that support company-wide operations and data Often combine aspects of TPS, MIS, DSS/KBS

 Subsystem

 Supersystem

subsystems
 Functional

decomposition – dividing a system into smaller subsystems and components
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

 Decision


support / knowledge-based systems (DSS/KBS)
Explore impact of available options or decisions (what-if scenarios) Automate routine decision making



 Communication


support systems

Facilitate communication internally and with customers and suppliers

 Office


support systems

Help employees create and share documents





Analyst understands SDLC techniques


Project planning, systems analysis




Systems design, database design, network design
Construction, implementation, systems support

fundamental curiosity to make things better

 Wants  Is

more of a business problem solver than a technical programmer
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, Fourth Edition

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Learning Objectives
 Explain

the key role of a systems analyst in business the various types of systems an analyst might work on

 Systems

 Systems

analyst – uses analysis and design techniques to solve business problems using information technology
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition
 

Computers / peripheral devices (hardware) Communication networks and connectivity



Database and database management systems (DBMS)
Programming languages (for example, VB.NET or Java) Operating systems and utilities
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Technical Knowledge and Skills (continued)


Analyst uses tools


Software productivity packages

 Information

systems – collection of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and provide as output information needed to complete tasks
– part of a larger system – larger system that contains

Analyst’s Approach to Problem Solving
Research and understand the problem Verify benefits of solving problem outweigh the costs Define the requirements for solving the problem Develop a set of possible solutions (alternatives) Decide which solution is best and recommend Define the details of the chosen solution Implement the solution Monitor to ensure desired results
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 Explain

Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Learning Objectives (continued)
 Describe

the many types of technology an analyst needs to understand various job titles and places of employment where analysis and design work is done the analyst’s role in strategic planning for an organization the analyst’s role in a system development project

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Overview (continued)
 Systems

analysis – process of understanding in detail what a system should accomplish design – process of specifying in detail how components of an information system should be physically implemented



Integrated development environments (IDEs) for programming languages
CASE tools, testing, documentation support, reverse engineering, configuration management





 Keys
 

to successful system development

Thorough systems analysis and design Understanding what business requires
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Information Systems and Subsystems

Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Information Systems and Component Parts

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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition
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Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition

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Types of Information Systems (continued)

Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 4th Edition
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