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2024年教师资格(初级中学)-英语知识与教学能力(高中)考试历年真题摘选附带答案版

2024年教师资格（初级中学）-英语知识与教学能力（高中）考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点押密题库(共100题)1.(单项选择题)(每题2.00 分) —Do you mind if I______the TV a bit?—Yes, I do, because Fm busy with my homework now.A. turn onB. turn upC. turndownD. turnoff2.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) A Chinese student makes a sentence as follows： He is a rich man who like traveling. The error in that sentence is the result of______.A. negative transferB. positive transferC. overgeneralizationD. pragmatic failure3.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The party’s reduced vote was______of lack of support for its policies.A. indicativeB. positiveC. revealingD. evident4.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following assumptions about vocabulary learning contradicts the modem language teaching theories?A. The best way to learn words is to use them.B. The best way to learn vocabulary is via rote learning.C. An English dictionary is an important aid to students.D. Learning a word involves learning more than just the word itself.5.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I will always remember my mother^ last few days in this worlD.On February 14th,2000, my class went on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school, my teacher told me to go t o the headmaster’s office. When I got into the office，I saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told me what had happened and we went to pick my sister up. After that, we went to the hospital and waiteD. Time went slowly.Finally, we got to see our mother, it was terrible.On the next day, the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happeneD. I was taking a rest that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either died or had got better. How I wished that she had got better. When my teacher took me outside, my sister ran up to me. She started crying, “She’s gone. Teresa mommy’s gone. She’s deaD. ”1 couldn’t believe it. We jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospi tal. Most of my family were there. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.Today when I look back, I still miss my mother very much, but I know that I will live. My mother was a strong mother，who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as she is living. When someone is asked who their heroes are ,they usually say someone famous, like Michael Jordan or Britney Spears. When someone asks me who my hero is, I tell them, my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day?______.A. Her mother had been very ill.B. Her mother had been deaD.C. Her mother had gotten better.D. Her sister came to see her.6.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The men who race the cars are generally small, with a tight, nervous look. They range from the early 20s to the middle 40s, and it is usually their nerves that go first.Fear is the driver’s constant companion, and tragedy can be just a step behinD. Scarcely a man in the 500 does not carry the scars of accident crashes. The mark of the plastic surgeon is everywhere, and burned skin is common. Sometimes a driver^ scars are invisible, part of his heritage. Two young drivers, Billy Vukovich and Gary Bettenhausen, raced in their first 500 in 1968. Less than 20 years before, their fathers also competed against one another on the Indy track-and died there.All this the drivers accept. Over the years, they have learned to trust their own techniques, reflexes, and courage. They depend, too, on a trusted servant-scientific engineering. Though they may not have had a great deal of schooling (an exception is New Zealand’s Bruce McLaren, who had an engineering degree), many drivers are gifted mechanics， with a feeling for their engines that amount to kinship.A few top drivers have become extremely wealthy, with six-figure incomes from prize money, endorsement, and jobs with auto-product manufacturers. Some have businesses of their own. McLaren designs racing chassis (底盘).Dan GumeyJs California factory manufactured the chassis of three of the first four cars in the 1968 Indy 500, including his own second place car. Yet money is not the only reason why men race cars. Perhaps it isn’t even the major reason. Three times Indy winner(1961, 1964, 1967).A. J. Foyt, for example, can frequently be found competing on dirty tracks in minor-league races, where money, crowds and safety features are limiteD. and only the danger is not. Why does he do it? Sometimes Foyt answers, “It’s in my blooD. ’’Other times he says, “It is good practice.” Now and then he replies, “Don’t ask dumb questions. ’’A. J. Foyt often takes part in minor-league races fo r______ .A. prize moneyB. blood testC. cheers from the crowdD. enjoyment7.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)A teacher may encourage students to__________ when they come acrossnew words infast reading.A. take notesB. ask for helpC. guess meaning from contextD. look up the words in a dictionary8.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) You II find this Travel Guide to be of great ( ) in helping you and your children to get around Malaysia.A. costB. priceC. valueD. expenditure9.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) If a teacher attempts to implement the top-down model to teachA. new word sifter playing the tapeB. new words before playing the tapeC. background information after playing the tapeD. background information before playing the tape10.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means______with my progress.A. the teacher is not satisfiedB. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfiedD. is the teacher satisfied11.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) What stage can the following grammar activity be usedat?______.The teacher asks the students to arrange the words of the sentences into different columns marked subject, predicate, object, object complement, adverbial and so on.A. PresentationB. PracticeC. ProductionD. Preparation12.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Operations which left patients______and in need of long periods of discovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.A. unhealthyB. exhaustedC. fearfulD. upset13.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Mr. King works in a shop and drives a car for the manager. He drives carefully and can keep calm in time of danger, and he has escaped from several accidents. The manager pays him more and the traffic policemen often speak highly of him.Mr. Baker, one of his friends, works in a factory outside the city. Ifs far from his house and he has to go to work by bus. As the traffic is crowded in the morning, sometimes he’s late for the work. His manager warns the young man that he will be sent away unless he gets to his office on time. He hopes to buy a car，but he hasn’t enough money. He decides to buy an old one. He went to the flea market and at last he chose a beautiful but cheap car. He said he wan— ted to have a trial drive, and the seller agreeD. He called Mr. King and asked him to give a hanD.Mr. King examined the car at first and then drove it away. It was five in the morning and there were few cars in the street. At first he drove slowly and it worked well. Then he drovefailed and nearly hit an old woman who was crossing the street. A policeman told him to stop, but the car went on until it hit a big tree by the roaD.“Didn’t you hear me?” the policeman asked angrily.“Yes，I did，sir，” said Mr. King，“ Since it doesn’t listen to me，can it obey you?”Mr. Baker went to the flea market to______.A. buy a second-hand carB. have a trial driveC. choose a new carD. sell his old car14.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)What is the author′ s attitude towards America′ s policies on global warming?A. Critical.B. Indifferent.C. Supportive.D. Compromising.15.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following activities helps to train the skill of listening for gist?A. After listening, the students are required to figure out the relationship between the characters.B. After listening, the students are required to sequence the sentences according to the story.C. After listening, the students are required to identify the characters appearing in the story.D. After listening, the students are required to decide upon the title for the text.16.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Did you return Tom?s call?—I didn’t need to______, Fll see him tomorrow.A. thoughtB. unlessC. whenD. because17.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) This skirt was made______your mother______her own measure.A. for; toC. to; toD. for; by18.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)She is __________ , from her recording, the diaries of Simon Forman.A. transcribingB. keepingC. paraphrasingD. recollecting19.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) There is no doubt______you will pass the exam this time. You have worked so hard in the past months.A. whetherB. thatC. ifD. what20.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项（请选择唯一正确的答案）Passage OneThere are many wetlands in China and some of them have become the world’s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The worlds largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve is in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world, but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands.The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. They are really good places for wildlife. Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds is not the only reason why we need to protect wet-lands. Wetlands are important because they can also prevent floods. But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife.Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize the importance Of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2, many activities are held to tell people more about wet-lands.The World Wetlands Day is on. ______ .B. June 25C. February 2D. March 2221.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)The committee __________ a conclusion only after days of discussion.A. releasedB. achievedC. reachedD. accomplished22.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Passage OneMove over Methuselah. Future generations could be living well into their second century and still doing Sudoku, if life expectancy predictions are true. Increasing by two years every decade, they show no signs of flattening out. Average lifespan worldwide is already double what it was 200 years ago. Since the 1980s, experts thought the increase in life expectancy would slow down and then stop, but forecasters have repeatedly been proved wrong.The reason behind the steady rise in life expectancy is “the decline in the death rate of the elderly”, says Professor Tom Kirkwood from Newcas tle University. He maintains that our bodies are evolving to maintain and repair themselves better and our genes are investing in →this process ←to put off the damage which will eventually lead to death. As a result, there is no ceiling imposed by the real ities of the ageing process. “There is no use-by-date when we age. Ageing is not a fixed biological process," Tom says.A large study of people aged 85 and over carried out by Professor Kirkwood discovered that there were a remarkable number of people enjoying good health and independence in their late 80s and beyonD. With people reaching old age in better shape, it is safe to assume that this is all due to better eating habits, living conditions, education and medicine.There are still many people who suffer from major health problems, but modem medicine means doctors are better at managing long-term health conditions like diabetes, high blood pres- sure and heart disease. “We are reaching old age with less accumulative damage than previous generations, we are less damaged," says Professor KirkwooD. Our softer lives and the improvements in nutrition and healthcare have had a direct impact on longevity.Nearly one-in-five people currency in the UK will live to see their 100th birthday, the Office for National Statistics predicted last year. Life expectancy at birth has continued to increase in the UK——from 73.4 years for the period 1991 to 1993 to 77.85 years for 2007 to 2009. A report in Science from 2002 which looked at life expectancy patterns in different countries since 1840 concluded that there was no sign of a natural limit to life.Researchers Jim Oeppen and Dr. James Vaupel found that people in the country with the highest life expectancy would live to an average age of 100 in about six decades. But they stopped short of predicting anything more."This is far from eternity: modest annual increments in life expectancy will never lead to immortality,” the researchers saiD.We do not seem to be approaching anything like the limits of life expectancy, says Professor David Leon from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. “There has been no flattening out of the best the groups which everyone knows have good life expectancy and→ low mortality←. ”he says.These groups, which tend to be in the higher social and economic groups in society, can live for several years longer than people in lower social groups, prompting calls for an end to inequalities within societies.Within populations, genes also have an important role to play in determining how long we could survive for, but environment is still the most important factor.It is no surprise that healthy-living societies like Japan have the highest life expectancies in the worlD. But it would still be incredible to think that life expectancy could go on rising forever. “I would bet there will be further increases in life expectancy and then it will probably begin to slow,” says Tom, “but we just don’t know.”The underlined phrase “low mortality” in Paragraph 8 could best be replaced by “→←".A. short life spanB. low death rateC. low illness rateD. good health condition23.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) For grammar teaching, if the rule is given first and explained and the student then has to apply the rule to given situation, the method is definedas______methoD.A. deductiveB. inductiveC. Grammar-translationD. audio-translation24.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)The most suitable question type to check students′ comprehension and developtheir critical thinking is __________.A. rhetorical questionsB. referential questionsC. close questionsD. display questions25.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following is NOT the advantage of group work?A. creating some peaceful and quiet time in classB. encouraging cooperation and negotiation skills among studentsC. encouraging different opinions and contributions to the workD. promoting students5 autonomy rather than follow the teachers26.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)--Would you like some noodles, Celia?--Yes, just___________, please.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little27.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Modem scientists divide the process of dying into two stages-clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be reviveD. Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the disintegration of vital cells and tissues. Death is then irreversible and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can be revived before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body^ metabolism, cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called KetA. The scientists put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from its body. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped; clinical death set in.this point the scientists pumped blood into its body in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes the monkey’s heart became active once more. Aft er fifteen minutes, spontaneous breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her heaD. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection. Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.One characteristic of clinical death is______.A. lasting damage to the lungsB. destruction of the tissuesC. temporary non-functioning of the heartD. that the organism cannot be revived28.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following activities actually does not involve writing?→ ←.A. Completion according to outlines.B. Completion with multiple choices.C. Completion according to topic sentences.D. Completion with detailed examples related to the topiC.29.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) English teachers often ask students to ______ a passage to get the gist of it.A. skimB. scanC. predictD. describe30.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) —Must I finish the work today, Mom?__No, you_____. You can finish it tomorrow.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t31.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) ______ she heard her grandfather was bom in Germany.A. That was from her mumB. It was her mum thatC. It was from her mum thatD. It was her mum whom32.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) When we analyze the salt salinity (盐浓度)of ocean waters, we find that it varies only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity. One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation. In thisextreme, of course, white salt would be left behind; this, by the way, is how much of the table salt we use is actually obtaineD.The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreaseD. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation.Normally, in hot regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When seawater is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behinD. In this manner, seawater directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeareD. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water.In the Weddell Sea, the densest water in the ocean is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portion of the oceans of the worlD.It can be known from the passage that increase in the salinity of ocean water is caused by______.A. melting of sea iceB. precipitationC. evaporationD. supplement of salt33.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Mr. King works in a shop and drives a car for the manager. He drives carefully and can keep calm in time of danger, and he has escaped from several accidents. The manager pays him more and the traffic policemen often speak highly of him.Mr. Baker, one of his friends, works in a factory outside the city. Ifs far from his house and he has to go to work by bus. As the traffic is crowded in the morning, sometimes he’s late for the work. His manager warns the young man that he will be sent away unless he gets to his office on time. He hopes to buy a car，but he hasn’t enough money. He decides to buy an old one. He went to the flea market and at last he chose a beautiful but cheap car. He said he wan— ted to have a trial drive, and the seller agreeD. He called Mr. King and asked him to give a hanD.Mr. King examined the car at first and then drove it away. It was five in the morning and there were few cars in the street. At first he drove slowly and it worked well. Then he drovefailed and nearly hit an old woman who was crossing the street. A policeman told him to stop, but the car went on until it hit a big tree by the roaD.“Didn’t you hear me?” the policeman asked angrily.“Yes，I did，sir，” said Mr. King，“ Since it doesn’t listen to me，can it obey you?”What is a flea market?______.A. A market where fleas are solD.B. A market where cars are solD.C. A market where used and cheap goods are soldD. A supermarket.34.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) To their credit the Department of Energy______these ideas and funded a detailed study.A. took toB. took onC. took overD. took up35.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) The phoneme/n/in the first word of all the following phrases changes to/m/except______.A. moon shineB. moon beamC. common propertyD. common wealth36.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)The author holds that the current collective doctrine shows__________.A. generally distorted valuesB. unfair wealth distributionC. a marginalized lifestyleD. a rigid moral code37.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following can be regarded as a communicative language task? ______ .A. Information-gap activityC. Sentence transformationD. Blank-filling38.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Passage OneMove over Methuselah. Future generations could be living well into their second century and still doing Sudoku, if life expectancy predictions are true. Increasing by two years every decade, they show no signs of flattening out. Average lifespan worldwide is already double what it was 200 years ago. Since the 1980s, experts thought the increase in life expectancy would slow down and then stop, but forecasters have repeatedly been proved wrong.The reason behind the stead y rise in life expectancy is “the decline in the death rate of the elderly”, says Professor Tom Kirkwood from Newcastle University. He maintains that our bodies are evolving to maintain and repair themselves better and our genes are investing in →this process ←to put off the damage which will eventually lead to death. As a result, there is no ceiling imposed by the realities of the ageing process. “There is no use-by-date when we age. Ageing is not a fixed biological process," Tom says.A large study of people aged 85 and over carried out by Professor Kirkwood discovered that there were a remarkable number of people enjoying good health and independence in their late 80s and beyonD. With people reaching old age in better shape, it is safe to assume that this is all due to better eating habits, living conditions, education and medicine.There are still many people who suffer from major health problems, but modem medicine means doctors are better at managing long-term health conditions like diabetes, high blood pres- sure and heart disease. “We are reaching old age with less accumulative damage than previous generations, we are less damaged," says Professor KirkwooD. Our softer lives and the improvements in nutrition and healthcare have had a direct impact on longevity.Nearly one-in-five people currency in the UK will live to see their 100th birthday, the Office for National Statistics predicted last year. Life expectancy at birth has continued to increase in the UK——from 73.4 years for the period 1991 to 1993 to 77.85 years for 2007 to 2009. A report in Science from 2002 which looked at life expectancy patterns in different countries since 1840 concluded that there was no sign of a natural limit to life.Researchers Jim Oeppen and Dr. James Vaupel found that people in the country with the highest life expectancy would live to an average age of 100 in about six decades. But they stopped short of predicting anything more."This is far from eternity: modest annual increments in life expectancy will never lead to immortality,” the researchers saiD.We do not seem to be approaching anything like the limits of life expectancy, says Professor David Leon from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. “There has been no flattening out of the best the group s which everyone knows have good life expectancy and→ low mortality←. ”he says.for several years longer than people in lower social groups, prompting calls for an end to inequalities within societies.Within populations, genes also have an important role to play in determining how long we could survive for, but environment is still the most important factor.It is no surprise that healthy-living societies like Japan have the highest life expectancies in the worlD. But it would still be incredible to think that life expectancy could go on rising forever. “I would bet there will be further increases in life expectancy and then it will probably begin to slow,” says Tom, “but we just don’t know.”Which statement below is TRUE concerning life expectancy according to thepassage?→←.A. Life expectancy goes on rising forever.B. There could be further increases in life expectancy.C. Life expectancy has slowed down since 1980s and it will stop.D. Life expectancy in Japan doubles what it was 200 years ago.39.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)The message came to the villagers __________ the enemy had already fledthe village.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. where40.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Which of the letter "u"in the following words has a different pronunciation from others?A. abuseB. useC. excuseD. lure41.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分)Based on the experiment, which of the following may signal that the subjectis nearing the solution?A. The subject is begging to work.B. The subject looks away at something else.C. The subject is distracted from the given words.D. The subject concentrates on the given words all the time.42.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) New curriculum promotes the three-dimensional teaching objective which includes_______.A. knowledge, skills and method sB. emotional attitude and valuesC. knowledge, skills and emotionD. knowledge and skills； process and methods； emotional attitude and values43.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Which of the following nominating patterns can a teacher adopt to ensure that all students are actively involved in classroom activities?→ ←.A. Nominating those who are good at English.B. Asking questions in a predicable sequence.C. Nominating students after the question is given.D. Nominating students before giving the question.44.(单项选择题)(每题 2.00 分) Electronic books could revolutionize reading, but people ought to consider their far-reaching. “The e-book promises to wreak a slow havoc on life as we know it,” Jason Ohler, professor of technology assessment, University of Alaska Southeast in Juneau, warned the World Future Society, Bethesda, MD. His assessment weighed the pros and cons of e-book technology’s impact on social rela tionships, the environment, the economy，etC. Before you curl up with an e-book, consider the disadvantages.They increase eyestrain due to poor screen resolution, replace a relatively cheap commodity with a more expensive one, and displace workers in print book production and traditional publishing. E-books make it easy to share data, thereby threatening copyright agreements and reducing compensation of authors, as well as creating no biodegradable trash. On the other hand, e-books save paper and trees, reduce the burden of the carrying and storing of printed books, promote self- sufficiency in learning, and make reading a collaborative experience online. They also create new jobs for writers and artists and encourageself-publishing. In final analysis, Ohler points out, e-books should gain society’s approval if a few conditions are met: make them biodegradable and recyclable，solve the problem of eye fatigue，be sure the “have-nots” get the technology，and support e-book training in schools and business.What is e-books negative impact on social relationships?______.A. They create new jobs only for writers.B. Fewer and fewer people have access to new technology.C. They may threaten some traditional trades.。

英语写作中常见的错误及其纠正方法

英语写作中常见的错误及其纠正方法Introduction:Writing in English can be challenging, especially for non-native speakers. It is common to make mistakes while writing, but it is crucial to identify and correct them to improve our overall writing skills. This article aims to highlight some common errors in English writing and provide effective methods to rectify them.1. Grammatical Errors:One of the most common errors in English writing is related to grammar. These errors can significantly impact the clarity and coherence of our writing. Some examples include:- Subject-Verb Agreement: Ensure that the subject and verb agree in number and person. For example, "He like coffee" should be corrected to "He likes coffee."- Verb Tense: Pay attention to the correct usage of verb tenses, especially when describing past, present, and future actions. For instance, "She is going to the store tomorrow" should be corrected to "She will go to the store tomorrow."To correct these errors, it is essential to study and practice grammar rules. Utilize grammar books, online resources, and language exchange programs for assistance. Additionally, proofreading and editing our writing can help in identifying and rectifying grammatical mistakes.2. Spelling Errors:Spelling mistakes can negatively impact the credibility of our writing. Some common spelling errors to avoid:- Homophones: Be cautious of homophones (words that have different meanings but sound the same). For instance, confusing "their" with "there," or "two" with "too."- Word Endings: Pay attention to words that end with "-ed," "-ing," or "-s," as they can be easily misspelled. For example, "happend" should be corrected to "happened," and "childs" to "children."To overcome spelling errors, regularly practice spelling exercises and use resources like dictionaries and spell-check tools. Reading extensively in English can also improve our familiarity with correct spelling patterns.3. Sentence Structure Errors:Using incorrect sentence structures can make our writing confusing or unclear. Some common sentence structure errors include:- Run-on Sentences: Avoid excessively long sentences that lack proper punctuation or independent clauses. For example, "I went to the store I bought milk and vegetables" should be corrected to "I went to the store and bought milk and vegetables."- Fragmented Sentences: Ensure that each sentence contains a subject, verb, and expresses complete thoughts. For instance, "While reading the book" should be corrected to "While reading the book, I learned many new things."To rectify sentence structure errors, familiarize yourself with different sentence types (simple, compound, complex) and their appropriate usages. Practice constructing various types of sentences to improve your grasp on sentence structure.4. Vocabulary and Word Choice Errors:Using incorrect words or inappropriate vocabulary can weaken the impact of our message. It is crucial to select suitable words and expressions for effective communication. Common errors include:- Incorrect Word Form: Ensure that words are used in their correct forms (noun, verb, adjective, adverb, etc.). For example, "The news are interesting" should be corrected to "The news is interesting."- Improper Collocations: Pay attention to fixed word combinations or collocations in English. Using incorrect collocations can make our writing sound unnatural. For instance, instead of saying "make a mistake," we should use "commit a mistake."To overcome vocabulary and word choice errors, develop a habit of learning new words and their appropriate usage. Utilize online vocabulary resources, read extensively, and practice using new words in writing exercises.Conclusion:Improving our English writing skills requires the identification and correction of common errors. By addressing issues related to grammar, spelling, sentence structure, and vocabulary, we can enhance the clarity, coherence, and overall quality of our writing. Regular practice, study ofgrammar rules, and utilizing available resources will aid in overcoming these errors. So, let us be mindful of these common mistakes and strive for continuous improvement in our English writing abilities.。

(NEW)胡壮麟《语言学教程》(第5版)配套题库【考研真题精选+章节题库】

19. _____ refers to the way that a word has a form appropriate to the number or gender of the noun or pronoun it relates to.（中山大学2017研）【答案】Agreement 【解析】Agreement or concord is defined as the requirement that the forms of two or more words of specific word classes that stand in specific syntactic relationship with one another., shall also be characterized by the same paradigmatically marked category (or categories).
7. One of the important distinctions in linguistics is _____ and performance. （人大2006研）【答案】competence 【解析】语言能力指理想的语言使用者关于语言规则的语言知识，语言应用指语言交际中关于语言规则知识的实际使用。
因为大多数动物的“语言”需要“即时刺激控制”。
18. The most serious defect concerns the use of semantic markers like (Human) and (Male), which, more usually called semantic components are elements of an artificial _____.（北京邮电大学2014研）【答案】metalanguage 【解析】本题考查成分分析的弊端。通过语义特征来进行成分分析的一大弊端是这些意义特征使用的是人工化的元语言，元语言本身的含义也需进一步解释。

英文写作中常见语法错误及其修正方法

英文写作中常见语法错误及其修正方法Introduction:English grammar can be quite complicated, and even the most experienced writers can make mistakes. These mistakes can be easily avoided with a few tips and tricks. In this article, we will discuss some common grammar errors in English writing and how to correct them.Subject-Verb Agreement:One of the most common grammar errors is subject-verb agreement. This means that the subject and the verb must agree in number. For example, if the subject is singular, then the verb must be singular, and if the subject is plural, then the verb must be plural.Error: The boy walk to school.Correction: The boy walks to school.The use of singular verb "walks" matches the singular subject "boy."Error: The students is studying for exams.Correction: The students are studying for exams.The use of plural verb "are" matches the plural subject "students."Pronoun Usage:Another common grammar error is incorrect pronoun usage. Pronouns must agree in number and gender with the noun they replace.Error: Him and me are going to the store.Correction: He and I are going to the store.Using "him" instead of "he" is incorrect because "he" is the correct subjective form of the pronoun.Error: Each student must complete their own homework.Correction: Each student must complete his or her own homework.Using the plural pronoun "their" is incorrect because it does not agree with the singular noun "student." Using "his or her" is more appropriate.Misuse of Commas:The use of commas can be confusing for many writers. One common mistake is the misuse of commas in compound sentences.Error: I went to the store, but I forgot my wallet.Correction: I went to the store but forgot my wallet.Using a comma before "but" is incorrect because "but" indicates the two clauses are still closely related.Error: Walking to the store, the rain started to pour.Correction: While walking to the store, the rain started to pour.Using a comma after the introductory phrase "Walking to the store" is incorrect because the phrase is not yet complete. Adding "while" makes the phrase complete and allows for better sentence flow.Run-on Sentences:Another common mistake is run-on sentences, which occur when multiple clauses are joined without proper punctuation.Error: I went to the store I bought some bread and milk.Correction: I went to the store. I bought some bread and milk.Using a period after "store" can help separate the two clauses and form two complete sentences.Error: She cooked dinner, he washed the dishes, they watched a movie together.Correction: She cooked dinner. He washed the dishes. They watched a movie together.Using a period after "dinner" and "dishes" can help make each clause into a complete sentence and improve readability.Conclusion:In conclusion, mastering English grammar takes time and effort. By paying attention to common mistakes like subject-verb agreement, pronoun usage, the misuse of commas, and run-on sentences, writers can improve their writing and communicate more effectively with theirreaders. With practice and patience, these common grammar errors can be easily avoided in your writing.。

英语作文关于如何写好论文

Writing a good academic paper is a skill that can be developed with practice and attention to detail.Here are some key steps to consider when crafting an excellent essay or research paper:1.Choose a Topic Wisely:Select a subject that is both interesting to you and relevant to your field of study.A wellchosen topic can make the writing process more enjoyable and the final product more engaging.2.Conduct Thorough Research:Begin by exploring various sources such as academic journals,books,and reputable websites.Make sure to take detailed notes and keep track of your references for proper citation.3.Create an Outline:Before you start writing,organize your thoughts and arguments in an outline.This will serve as a roadmap for your paper and help you maintain a logical flow of ideas.4.Develop a Strong Thesis Statement:Your thesis statement should clearly express the main argument or point of your paper.It should be concise,specific,and arguable, providing a clear direction for your essay.5.Write a Compelling Introduction:The introduction should grab the readers attention and provide a brief overview of what the paper will discuss.It should end with your thesis statement.6.Structure Your Body Paragraphs:Each paragraph should focus on a single argument or point that supports your e topic sentences to introduce each paragraph,and ensure that each point is backed up with evidence and analysis.e Credible Sources:Always cite your sources properly to avoid plagiarism and to lend credibility to your arguments.Make sure to use a consistent citation style throughout your paper.8.Revise and Edit:After writing your first draft,take the time to revise and edit your work.Look for clarity,coherence,and consistency in your arguments.Check for grammatical errors,typos,and awkward phrasing.9.Seek Feedback:Before finalizing your paper,ask peers,professors,or a writing center for feedback.Fresh eyes can often spot issues you might have missed.10.Proofread:The final step is to proofread your paper carefully.This is where you catchany lastminute errors and ensure that your paper is polished and professional.11.Follow Formatting Guidelines:Adhere to the formatting guidelines required by your institution or publication,including font size,margins,headings,and spacing.12.Include a Bibliography or Works Cited:List all the sources you have cited in your paper,following the appropriate citation style APA,MLA,Chicago,etc..13.Write a Concluding Paragraph:Your conclusion should summarize your main points and restate your thesis in a new way.It should also provide a sense of closure to your argument.e Transitions:Smooth transitions between paragraphs and sentences help to guide the reader through your argument and make your paper more cohesive.15.Stay Focused:Throughout the writing process,stay focused on your thesis and ensure that every point you make is relevant to your central argument.By following these steps and dedicating time to the writing process,you can craft a wellstructured,persuasive,and academically rigorous paper.。

英语关于过去式的作文

In the realm of English language learning,the past tense is a fundamental aspect that allows speakers to recount events that have already occurred.Writing a composition in the past tense requires a good understanding of verb conjugations and the context in which they are used.Here are some key points to consider when writing an essay in the past tense:1.Identify the Time Frame:Begin by establishing the time frame of the events you are describing.This could be a specific day,a period of time,or a historical era.2.Choose the Correct Tense:There are different forms of the past tense,including the simple past,past continuous,past perfect,and past perfect e the simple past tense for completed actions in the past,the past continuous for actions that were ongoing,the past perfect for actions that were completed before another past action,and the past perfect continuous for ongoing actions that were completed before another past action.e Time Markers:Incorporate time markers to indicate when events occurred. Common time markers include yesterday,last week,in1990,when I was a child,and after.4.Consistency:Maintain consistency in your use of the past tense throughout the essay. Avoid mixing tenses unless there is a specific reason to do so,such as contrasting past and present.5.SubjectVerb Agreement:Ensure that the subject and verb agree in number.For example,She walked to the store is correct,while She walks to the store would be incorrect in a past tense narrative.6.Narrative Structure:Organize your essay with a clear beginning,middle,and end.The beginning sets the scene,the middle describes the events,and the end concludes the story or reflects on the events.7.Vivid Descriptions:Use descriptive language to paint a picture of the past events.This includes sensory details,emotions,and the setting.8.Reflect on the Past:Often,past tense essays benefit from reflection on what has been learned or how the past has influenced the present.9.Proofread:After writing your essay,proofread it for grammatical errors,particularly focusing on verb tenses to ensure they are used correctly.Here is a brief example of a past tense essay:Last summer,I embarked on a journey to explore the ancient ruins of a forgotten civilization.The sun had just risen as I set out,my backpack filled with essentials for the days adventure.As I walked through the dense forest,the chirping of birds and the rustling of leaves accompanied me.Upon reaching the ruins,I was struck by the grandeur of the structures that had withstood the test of time.I marveled at the intricate carvings and the stories they seemed to tell.The day was filled with wonder and discovery,and as the sun began to set,casting a golden glow over the ruins,I knew I had experienced something truly unforgettable.This essay uses the past tense to recount a personal experience,providing a clear narrative with a beginning,middle,and end,and includes vivid descriptions to engage the reader.。

英语作文首先其次

When writing an English essay,structuring your thoughts in a logical and coherent manner is crucial.The phrases firstly and secondly are commonly used to organize your arguments or points in a clear and effective way.Heres how you can use them:1.Introduce the Topic:Begin your essay by introducing the topic and providing some background information.This sets the stage for your argument or discussion.2.State Your Thesis:Clearly state your main argument or thesis statement.This will guide the reader on what to expect in your essay.3.Firstly:Start your first main e firstly to indicate the first aspect of your argument or the first piece of evidence you will present.Make sure to explain this point thoroughly and provide relevant examples or evidence to support it.For instance,if youre writing about the benefits of learning a second language,you might start with:Firstly,learning a second language enhances cognitive abilities.4.Expand on Your First Point:After stating your first point,elaborate on it.Explain why it is important and how it supports your e specific examples,statistics,or quotes to strengthen your argument.5.Secondly:Transition to your second main point using secondly.This should be another aspect of your argument or another piece of evidence that supports your thesis. Continuing the previous example,you might say:Secondly,being bilingual can improve job prospects and career opportunities.6.Develop Your Second Point:Just as with your first point,develop your second point in detail.Discuss how the second point contributes to your overall argument and provide additional examples or evidence.7.Additional Points if necessary:If your essay requires more than two main points,you can continue using transitional phrases like furthermore,additionally,or lastly to introduce additional arguments or points.8.Conclusion:Summarize your main points and restate your thesis in a new way.The conclusion should leave a lasting impression on the reader and reinforce your argument.9.Proofread and Edit:Before submitting your essay,proofread it for grammatical errors, clarity,and coherence.Ensure that your use of firstly and secondly has effectivelyorganized your essay and that your arguments flow logically from one to the next. Remember,the key to a wellstructured essay is clear and logical progression of ideas. Using firstly and secondly helps to guide the reader through your argument in a stepbystep manner,making your essay easier to follow and understand.。

英语作文评价清单英文版

英语作文评价清单英文版全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Essay Evaluation ChecklistHi there! I'm here to help you make sure your essay is the best it can be. Writing essays can be tough, but with a little guidance, you'll be a pro in no time. Let's go through this checklist together and see how your essay measures up.Introduction:Did you grab the reader's attention with an interesting opening line or question?Did you clearly state the main idea or thesis of your essay?Did you provide some background information to help the reader understand the topic?Body Paragraphs:Does each body paragraph have a clear topic sentence that supports your main idea?Did you provide enough details, examples, and explanations to fully develop each point?Are your paragraphs organized in a logical order that flows smoothly?Did you use transition words like "first," "next," and "in addition" to connect your ideas?Evidence and Sources:If you used any facts, statistics, or quotes from other sources, did you cite them properly?Are your sources reliable and trustworthy?Did you explain how the evidence you provided supports your main points?Counterarguments:Did you acknowledge and address any opposing viewpoints or counterarguments?Did you respectfully explain why your argument is stronger or more valid?Conclusion:Did you restate your main idea or thesis in a fresh and compelling way?Did you summarize your key points without repeating too much?Did you leave the reader with something to think about or a call to action?Language and Style:Did you use a variety of sentence structures (simple, compound, complex) to keep your writing interesting?Did you choose precise and vivid words that paint a clear picture for the reader?Did you avoid using slang, abbreviations, or overly casual language (unless appropriate for the tone)?Did you maintain a consistent tone and voice throughout the essay?Grammar and Mechanics:Did you check for proper spelling, capitalization, and punctuation?Did you use correct subject-verb agreement and verb tenses?Did you avoid run-on sentences or sentence fragments?Did you proofread your essay multiple times to catch any errors?Overall Impression:Does your essay effectively communicate your main idea or argument?Is your essay well-organized and easy to follow?Did you support your points with relevant and convincing evidence?Does your essay show your understanding of the topic and your ability to think critically?Did you put thought and effort into crafting a high-quality essay?Remember, writing is a process, and even the best writers have room for improvement. Don't be discouraged if your essay doesn't check every box on this list – that's why we have revisions! Keep practicing, and you'll become a master essayist in no time.Happy writing!篇2My Essay Evaluation ChecklistHi there! It's me, your friendly neighborhood essay expert. You know, writing essays can be a lot of fun, but it's also important to make sure they're the best they can be. That's why I've put together this handy checklist to help you evaluate your essays before turning them in. Let's get started!IntroductionDid I grab the reader's attention with an interesting opening sentence or question?Did I clearly state the main idea or thesis of my essay?Did I provide some background information to help the reader understand the topic?Body ParagraphsDoes each body paragraph have a clear topic sentence that relates to the main idea?Did I include enough details, examples, and evidence to support my points?Did I use transition words (like "first," "next," "in addition," etc.) to help the reader follow my ideas?Did I stay focused on the main idea, or did I go off on too many tangents?ConclusionDid I restate the main idea in a new and interesting way?Did I summarize my key points without just repeating them word-for-word?Did I end with a final thought or call to action that leaves the reader thinking?Writing StyleDid I use a variety of sentence structures (simple, compound, complex) to keep things interesting?Did I choose precise and descriptive words to paint a vivid picture for the reader?Did I avoid using the same words over and over again (like "good," "said," "thing," etc.)?Did I write in an active voice most of the time, instead of a passive voice?MechanicsDid I check for spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors?Did I use correct capitalization rules?Did I format my essay according to the instructions (double-spaced, indented paragraphs, etc.)?Did I include a creative and relevant title?Overall ImpressionIs my essay easy to read and understand, or is it confusing in some parts?Did I show my personality and unique voice as a writer?Would I be interested in reading this essay if someone else had written it?Am I proud of the hard work and effort I put into this essay?Whew, that's a lot of questions! But don't worry, you don't have to get a perfect score to have a great essay. Just try your best, and remember that practice makes progress.If you ever get stuck or need some help, don't be afraid to ask your teacher, parents, or friends for feedback. They mightcatch some things you missed or give you ideas to make your writing even better.Most importantly, have fun with it! Writing is a powerful tool that lets you express your thoughts, feelings, and creativity in a unique way. Embrace the process, and you'll be an essay pro in no time.Happy writing!篇3An Evaluation Checklist for My English CompositionsHi there! I'm an elementary student who loves writing compositions in English class. Whenever I finish an essay, I like to go through this checklist to make sure my writing is the best it can be. Let me share my checklist with you!First up, I always check the basics:• Did I write a title for my composition? A good title gives the reader an idea of what the essay will be about. It should be clear, creative, and make someone want to read more.• Did I divide my writing into paragraphs? P aragraphs group similar ideas together and make the writing easier to read andunderstand. I try to start a new paragraph whenever I switch to a new main idea.• Did I indent the first line of each new paragraph? Indenting helps set paragraphs apart and looks nice on the page.• Did I end each sentence with proper punctuation like a period, question mark, or exclamation point? Punctuation marks are the traffic signals that help control the flow and meaning of sentences. Using them correctly is so important.Once I've checked those basics, I move on to look at the substance of my writing:• Does my introduction grab the reader's attention and make them interested in reading more? A good introduction sets up the main idea and purpose of the essay. I might use an interesting fact, rhetorical question, quotation, or anecdote to hook the reader.• Do I clearly state my main idea or thesis statement? The thesis tells the reader the central point or claim I want to argue or explain in the essay. It should be one reasonable focused sentence near the beginning.• Do all my body paragraphs relate back to and support my main thesis? Each body paragraph should develop onesupporting reason, detail, or example that helps prove my central argument. I try not to include irrelevant information.• Do I use good t ransition words and phrases to connect my ideas? Transitions like "first," "next," "in addition," and "in conclusion" act like bridges to link paragraphs and thoughts smoothly.• Does my conclusion restate my thesis in a new way and leave the reader with something to think about? A strong conclusion revisits the main point and provides closure, not new information.As I read through my draft, I also evaluate:• Do I use a variety of sentence structures and lengths? Mixing short, long, simple, and complex sentences keeps the writing interesting and avoids choppiness. Reading out loud helps me listen for variety.• Do I include descriptive details and examples to illustrate my points? Showing with examples and vivid language makes the essay more engaging and understandable for the reader. I try to appeal to the five senses.• Do I avoid wordiness and use vocabulary I'm familiar with? It's better to write clearly and directly using words I know than to try sounding smart with big words I don't fully understand.• Do I maintain a consistent voice, perspective, and tense throughout the essay? Switching randomly between "I," "you," and "we" or between past and present tense can confuse readers.Finally, I check for the nitty-gritty details:• Did I capitalize proper nouns like people's names, titles, places, and holidays? Capitalization helps those words stand out.• Did I spell all words correctly? I always double-check tricky words using a dictionary or asking my teacher. Misspellings can distract readers and make my writing seem sloppy.• Do all my subjects and verbs agree? Making sure singular subjects match singular verbs (like "he writes") and plural subjects go with plural verbs ("they write") prevents mistakes.• Did I use correct punctuation for contractions, possessives, and citations/quotes? Things like its vs. it's, using apostrophes for ownership, and formatting quotes properly matter.After going through this checklist step-by-step, I do one final read of my composition out loud. If I stumble over any partsor things still don't sound quite right, I make revisions until I'm fully satisfied. Then, I know my writing will make my teacher proud!Phew! I know it seems like a long list, but checking all these aspects really does help me become a stronger writer. I just take it step-by-step, and my essays end up clear, organized, and enjoyable for my readers. I hope these tips give you a helpful model to evaluate your own writing too. See you next composition!篇4An Awesome Checklist for Amazing English Essays!Hi there! My name is Emma and I'm a 5th grader. I absolutely LOVE writing and I'm going to share with you my super special checklist for making sure your English essays are the best they can be. Whether you're writing a story, a report on your favorite animal, or anything else, this checklist will help you transform that boring draft into an A+ masterpiece!Before we get started, I have a few quick tips. First, always try to have fun with your writing. If you're bored, the reader will be too. Second, read your work aloud - it really helps you catch silly mistakes. And third, don't worry about being perfect at first.Getting ideas down is hard enough without stressing over every detail. You can always revise and polish later!Okay, ready to dive into the checklist? Grab a pencil and let's get started!Opening Paragraph:__Does your first paragraph grab the reader's attention with an interesting hook? Maybe a thought-provoking question, a surprising fact, or a funny joke?__Does the opening clearly introduce the main idea or storyline?__Are there any super long sentences that should be split up for clarity?Content & Details:__Does each main point have enough details, examples, reasons, or facts to back it up?__Are there any fun descriptions that help the reader picture people, places, or events?__Are there any parts that are confusing, choppy, or don't make sense?__For stories, does each new scene transition smoothly from the last one?Vocabulary:__Did you try to use some more advanced or vivid vocabulary words where appropriate?__Double check your spelling - especially on those tricky ones!__Is each word choice precise and fitting for the context?Flow & Organization:__Is there a clear logical order to your paragraphs and ideas?__Do you have good transitions between sentences and paragraphs? Words like "additionally," "for example," "in conclusion" etc.__For stories, is the sequence of events easy to follow?Mechanics & Style:__Check for any grammar errors like incorrect verb tense, lack of subject/verb agreement, etc.__Use a variety of sentence structures (simple, compound, complex) to avoid choppiness.__Avoid excessive be-verbs (is, are, were) and use stronger, more descriptive verbs when possible.Introduction & Conclusion:__Does your introduction get readers interested and let them know what to expect?__Does your conclusion wrap up your main points effectively?__Avoid just repeating the intro word-for-word - rephrase the main idea in a new way.Peer Review:__Ask a friend or family member to read your draft and give you feedback!__What parts did they find confusing or unclear?__Were there any spelling, grammar, or punctuation errors you missed?Final Polishing:__Read your draft one final time looking for any errors, choppy phrasing, missing words, etc.__Make sure to PROOFREAD the title too! It's the first thing readers see.__Give your fingers a stretch - you worked hard!Phew, that's quite the checklist! I really hope these tips help take your English writing from good to GREAT. Just remember to double and triple check each step and don't be afraid to revise revise revise. The more you practice, the easier it will become.One last piece of advice - have confidence in yourself!You've got an amazing imagination and so many incredible ideas just waiting to be expressed. Believe in your abilities and let that creativity flow!Happy writing, and may all your essays be stupendously spectacular!篇5Essay Evaluation ChecklistIntroductionWhen I'm writing an essay, there are lots of things I need to think about to make sure it's really good. My teacher gave me this checklist to help me remember all the important things Ishould check for. I like to go through it carefully after I've finished my first draft.Main Idea• Do I have one clear main idea for the whole essay? It should be something I can explain in just one or two sentences.• Is my main idea clearly stated in the intr oduction paragraph? The reader shouldn't have to guess what my essay is about.• Do all the details and examples I included relate back to supporting my main idea? I shouldn't include anything that doesn't help explain my main point.Organization• Does my essay have a beginning, middle, and end? The introduction should hook the reader, the body paragraphs should develop my main idea, and the conclusion should restate my main points.• Are my body paragraphs organized in a logical order that makes sense? Maybe I'm explaining steps in a process, comparing and contrasting things, or giving examples from most to least important.• Do I use transition words like "first," "next," "in addition," and "finally" to help the reader follow my train of thought?Supporting Details• Do I have enough details and examples to fully develop and support my main idea? Just stating my opinion isn't enough - I need to back it up.• Are my details and examples specific and concrete instead of vague or general? Specific word choices and descriptions will help the reader really understand what I'm talking about.• Do my details come from reliable sources? I shouldn't just make things up or state opinions as if they're facts. I need to provide evidence.Clarity• Did I define any unfamiliar words, concepts or abbreviations that the reader might not know? I don't want them to get confused.• Are my sentences complete, with a subject and a verb? I shouldn't have any fragments.• Do all my sentences make sense when read out loud? If something sounds unclear or awkward, I need to reword it.Variety• Do I have a good variety of different kinds of sentences? Using too many short, choppy sentences can make the writing sound simplistic. I should try to include some longer, more complex sentences too.• Do I avoid using the same words or phrases over and over? It's better to use synonyms and different ways to express the same idea. Repetition can make the writing seem boring.• Do I use different types of words: descriptive adjectives, precise verbs, etc? This makes the writing more engaging and paints a clearer picture.Voice & Tone• Does my essay sound like me? The writing should have my own personality and unique way of expressing myself.• Is my tone appropriate for the topic and purpose of the essay? A persuasive essay calls for a more passionate, confident tone, while an informative one should be straightforward and objective.• If writing a narrative essay, do I develop an engaging voice and perspective that helps connect the reader to the story?Conventions• Did I check for proper capitalization of sentences and proper nouns? Incorrect capitalization looks sloppy.• Did I use correct punctuation like periods, commas, apostrophes, and quotation marks? Improper punctuation can really confuse the meaning.• Did I spell all the words correctly? Misspellings make it seem like I don't really care about my writing. I should circle any words I'm unsure about to check later.• Do my subjects and verbs agree? Making sure I use singular and plural forms correctly is important.Overall Quality• Is my writing focused and on-topic from start to finish? I shouldn't ramble or go off on unrelated tangents.• Does my essay have a good balance of clear analysis and specific supporting details? I need to explain my thoughts while also providing lots of evidence.• Did I put thought and effort into making my essay the best it can be? Strong writing takes time and multiple drafts to really develop and polish ideas.After checking all those things on the list, I should have a well-written essay that fully explores the prompt or topic. But I also need to keep practicing my writing skills for next time!篇6My English Writing ChecklistHi there! My name is Emma and I'm a 4th grader. I really like writing stories and essays for school, but it can be pretty hard sometimes to make sure I've included everything I need to. That's why I made my special English Writing Checklist!Before I hand in any writing assignment, I always go through this list to double check that I've done my best work. Want to see what's on it? Here goes!Did I have a great opening hook?The first few sentences are really important to grab the reader's attention right away. I try to start with something exciting, funny, or a little mysterious to make people curious about what happens next. Boring openings are the worst!Did I describe things in great detail?Using lots of specific, descriptive words like colors, shapes, sizes, smells, sounds, etc. makes my writing way more interestingand helps the reader really picture everything clearly in their mind. I want them to feel like they're right there experiencing everything I'm writing about.Did I vary my sentence structure?Nobody wants to read the same basic sentences over and over again. That's why I always check that I'm using different kinds of sentences – some short and snappy, some longer and fancier. Mixing it up keeps things moving along smoothly.Are there enough paragraphs with clear topic sentences?Paragraphs break up your writing into easier chunks for the reader to follow. I make sure to start new paragraphs whenever I switch to a different idea or detail. And very important – each paragraph needs a topic sentence at the beginning to explain what that section is about.Did I use advanced vocabulary words?Using fancier vocabulary words when I can makes my writing sound more mature and professional. But I'm careful not to go overboard with too many complicated words that might confuse the reader. A few sprinkled in here and there is perfect.Are there examples and reasons to support my points?Whether I'm writing a story or an essay, I need to back up what I say with lots of examples, evidence, and reasoning. It's not enough to just state my opinion – I've got to convince the reader why I'm right!Did I use figurative language like similes and metaphors?Comparing one thing to something else using figurative language like "ran like the wind" or "her eyes were pools of sadness" makes my writing way more creative and interesting. It paints a picture in the reader's mind instead of just stating things plainly. So much more fun!Are there transition words to connect my ideas?Having good transitions like "additionally", "in contrast", "for instance", etc. helps my paragraphs and sentences flow smoothly from one point to the next. Transition words are like a trail of breadcrumbs guiding the reader along.Is there a clear conclusion or ending?I can't just let my writing trail off with no ending! I need a strong final paragraph or few sentences to wrap things up clearly and restate my main point one last time. The conclusion should leave the reader feeling satisfied.Did I check for errors in spelling, grammar and punctuation?Last but definitely not least, I've got to go through my entire piece carefully and fix any oops moments where I misspelled words or used incorrect grammar or punctuation. Messy writing with tons of errors looks so sloppy! I want my final draft to be polished and perfect.Whew, that's a long list, huh? But checking all those boxes really helps me write my absolute best. Whenever I hit a tricky part, I just go back to my trusty checklist to get myself back on track.Honestly, writing isn't easy – but following all these tips makes it way less stressful. I don't panic about completing writing assignments anymore. I know if I just follow my checklist step-by-step, the end result will be something I can be really proud of!So there you have it – everything I think about to take my writing from plain and boring to interesting and awesome. Maybe some of these strategies can help make you a super star writer too! Let me know if you have any other great tips to add to my list. Writing is so much fun when you know all the secrets!。

批改作文通用评语,结尾评语

批改作文通用评语,结尾评语英文回答:In crafting comments for essay corrections, it's essential to strike a balance between constructivecriticism and encouragement. Here's how I would approach it:1. General Remarks:"Overall, your essay demonstrates a solid effort in addressing the prompt. You've tackled the topic with sincerity, which is commendable.""Your writing style shows promise, but there are areas where refinement is needed to enhance clarity and coherence."2. Strengths:"You've effectively articulated your main points,providing clear examples to support your arguments.""Your use of descriptive language paints vivid imagery, captivating the reader's attention.""I appreciate your insightful analysis of [specific aspect/topic mentioned in the essay]. It demonstrates a depth of understanding."3. Areas for Improvement:"While your ideas are compelling, ensuring a smoother transition between paragraphs would enhance the overall flow of your essay.""Watch out for repetitive phrases or word choices. Adding variety can make your writing more engaging.""Consider incorporating more varied sentence structures to add dynamism to your prose."4. Grammar and Mechanics:"Pay attention to subject-verb agreement and verb tense consistency throughout your essay.""Proofread carefully for punctuation errors, such as missing commas or run-on sentences.""Be cautious of spelling mistakes, especially with commonly confused words like 'their' and 'there'."5. Conclusion:"In conclusion, your essay presents a strong foundation with room for growth. Keep honing your writing skills, and you'll undoubtedly see improvement.""Remember that writing is a journey of continuous learning. Embrace feedback and strive for excellence in your future endeavors."中文回答：1. 总体评价："总的来说，你的文章努力回答了题目，表现出了认真的态度，这点值得称赞。

英语作文纠错方法

英语作文纠错方法When it comes to correcting English essays, there are several effective methods that can be employed to ensure that the writing is not only free of errors but also clear and coherent. Here are some strategies to consider:1. Self-Editing: Before submitting an essay, take the time to read through it multiple times. Look for any obvious mistakes, such as typos, grammatical errors, or awkward phrasing.2. Use of Grammar Checkers: Tools like Grammarly can help identify common grammatical errors and suggest corrections. However, they should be used as a guide rather than a sole proofreader, as they may not catch all errors, especiallythose related to context.3. Peer Review: Exchange essays with a classmate or peer and critique each other's work. A fresh set of eyes can oftenspot errors that the writer might have missed.4. Read Aloud: Reading your essay out loud can help younotice awkward sentences and errors that you might not see on the page.5. Focus on Structure: Ensure that your essay has a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. Each paragraph shouldhave a central idea that is clearly stated and supported with evidence.6. Vocabulary and Word Choice: Be mindful of usingappropriate vocabulary and avoiding repetition. Using a thesaurus can help, but make sure the words you choose fitthe context and are not misused.7. Check for Consistency: Maintain consistency in verb tenses, point of view, and formatting throughout the essay.8. Punctuation: Pay close attention to punctuation, as incorrect use can change the meaning of sentences or makethem difficult to read.9. Citation and Referencing: If your essay includes references, ensure that they are correctly formattedaccording to the required citation style.10. Proofreading: Always set aside time to proofread your essay. Look for any last-minute errors that may have been introduced during the editing process.11. Seek Professional Help: If possible, consider having a professional editor or a teacher review your work. They can provide valuable feedback and help you improve your writing skills.12. Learn from Mistakes: Keep a record of the errors you commonly make and study them to avoid repeating the same mistakes in the future.13. Use Style Guides: Familiarize yourself with a style guiderelevant to your field of study or the type of essay you are writing. This can help you maintain a consistent and professional tone.14. Time Management: Don't rush the writing process. Allow yourself ample time to write, edit, and proofread your essay.By incorporating these methods into your essay writing routine, you can significantly improve the quality of your work and reduce the number of errors that make it into your final drafts.。

单词纠错算法

单词纠错算法是一种在自然语言处理领域中常用的技术，主要用于检测和纠正文本中的拼写错误。

这种算法通常基于语言学、统计学和人工智能等领域的知识，通过分析大量的文本数据来训练模型，使其能够自动识别和纠正拼写错误。

一个基本的单词纠错算法通常包含以下几个步骤：
1. 文本预处理：首先，需要对输入的文本进行预处理，包括去除标点符号、转换为小写、分词等操作。

这些操作有助于提高算法的准确性和效率。

2. 词形还原：在英语中，同一个单词可能有多种拼写形式。

例如，“color”和“colour”是同一个单词的不同拼写形式。

因此，纠错算法需要将这些拼写形式还原为标准形式，以便进行后续的比较和分析。

3. 相似度计算：接下来，算法需要计算输入单词与词典中的标准单词之间的相似度。

这可以通过编辑距离、Levenshtein距离等算法实现。

这些算法能够衡量两个单词之间的相似程度，从而判断是否存在拼写错误。

4. 候选词生成：基于相似度计算的结果，算法需要从词典中提取与输入单词最相似的候选词。

这些候选词可能是正确的拼写形式，也可能是错误的拼写形式。

5. 纠错建议：最后，算法需要生成纠错建议。

这通常是通过比较候选词的频率和置信度来实现的。

频率较高的候选词更有可能是正确的拼写形式。

置信度则反映了算法对候选词的确定性。

最终，算法会返回一个或多个纠错建议，供用户参考和选择。

单词纠错算法在实际应用中具有广泛的应用价值，能够帮助提高文本的质量和可读性，减少由于拼写错误带来的误解和歧义。

同时，这种算法也可以用于语音识别、机器翻译等领域，提高相关技术的准确性和可靠性。

国家自然基金申请书出现笔误处理

英文回答：In the instance of an error occurring within the National Natural Science Foundation application, it is imperative to take prompt and decisive action to rectify the issue at hand. The initial course of action entails a meticulous examination of the application in order to pinpoint the precise errors requiring correction. This necessitates aprehensive review of each section of the application, epassing, but not limited to, the project description, budget, and research plan. Upon identification of the errors, swift corrective measures must be undertaken to preclude any potential disruptions to the review process. This may entail proactively engaging with the funding agency to elucidate the circumstances and seek guidance on the appropriate course of action.在国家自然科学基金会申请中出现错误的情况下，必须迅速采取果断行动纠正手头的问题。

最初的行动方针要求对申请进行仔细审查，以便确定需要更正的确切错误。

校正法的操作规程

校正法的操作规程校正法（Proofreading）是一种检查和纠正文本错误的技巧。

校正法的目的是确保文本的正确性、连贯性和可读性，并消除拼写、语法和格式等方面的错误。

下面是校正法的操作规程，旨在帮助您进行高效有效的校正工作。

第一步：准备阶段1. 熟悉文本类型和要求：了解文本的类型和目的，以便根据不同的需求进行校正。

2. 熟悉校正工具：熟悉使用常见的校正工具，如拼写检查器、语法检查器等。

同时，了解文本所用的风格指南和规范（如APA、MLA等）也是必要的。

第二步：初步校正1. 拼写检查：使用拼写检查工具，逐个检查文本中的单词拼写是否正确。

同时，要注意英美拼写差异。

2. 语法检查：使用语法检查工具，逐句检查文本中的语法错误，包括主谓一致、时态一致、代词使用等。

3. 标点符号检查：检查文本中的标点符号是否正确使用，包括句号、逗号、引号等。

4. 格式检查：检查文本的格式是否符合要求，包括段落缩进、标题格式、字体大小等。

第三步：细致校正1. 逐句校正：细致地逐句检查文本中的错误，特别注意语法错误、拼写错误、标点符号错误等。

2. 重复检查：检查文本中是否有重复的词语、短语或句子，避免重复的表达。

3. 逻辑检查：确保文本的逻辑连贯性和条理性，特别注意段落之间和句子之间的衔接是否流畅。

4. 修饰词检查：检查文本中的修饰词是否准确、恰当，并确保修饰词与所修饰的词语一致。

第四步：专业校正1. 领域专业性检查：如果文本属于某个特定领域，如医学、法律等，应对其中的专业性词汇和术语进行检查。

2. 事实核实：如果文本中包含事实性内容，要确保这些事实的准确性和可靠性，可以进行必要的事实核实。

3. 引用检查：如果文本中有引用，要核实引用的准确性和格式，确保符合所使用的引用规范。

4. 终稿校对：进行最后一次校对，确保文本中的错误已被纠正，并检查格式、标点符号、排版等。

第五步：反馈和修改1. 反馈错误：及时记录和标记文本中发现的错误，包括拼写错误、语法错误、格式错误等。

科技类英语作文

In the realm of technology,English plays a pivotal role in facilitating global communication and collaboration.Writing an essay in English about technology not only helps in expressing innovative ideas but also in understanding the latest trends and developments in the field.Here are some key points to consider when writing a technologythemed English essay:1.Introduction:Start with a captivating introduction that outlines the main topic of your essay.For example,you could discuss the impact of artificial intelligence on daily life or the potential of renewable energy sources.2.Background Information:Provide some context about the technological advancement you are discussing.Explain its origins,development,and current state.3.Advantages:Discuss the benefits of the technology.This could include improved efficiency,cost savings,environmental benefits,or enhanced user experience.4.Disadvantages:Its also important to address the potential downsides of the technology. This might involve privacy concerns,job displacement,or ethical issues.5.Case Studies:Include realworld examples or case studies to illustrate the points you are making.This could be a company that has successfully implemented a new technology or a situation where the technology has had unintended consequences.6.Future Prospects:Explore what the future might hold for the technology.Discuss potential advancements,applications,and how it might evolve.7.Personal Opinion:Share your perspective on the technology.Do you believe it will have a positive or negative impact on society?Why?8.Conclusion:Summarize the main points of your essay and reiterate your opinion.End with a strong statement that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.9.Citations and References:Make sure to cite any sources you use to support your arguments.This not only lends credibility to your essay but also helps avoid plagiarism.10.Proofreading:Before submitting your essay,proofread it for grammatical errors, clarity,and coherence.Ensure that your essay flows logically from one point to the next.Remember,the goal of a technology essay is not only to inform but also to engage the reader in a discussion about the implications of technological advancements.Byfollowing these guidelines,you can craft a compelling and wellstructured essay that contributes to the ongoing dialogue about technologys role in our world.。

爱好作文英语

Hobbies are an integral part of our lives,providing us with relaxation,enjoyment, and personal growth.Writing about ones hobbies in English can be a delightful way to express oneself and share interests with others.Here are some tips and ideas for writing an essay about your hobbies in English:1.Choose Your Hobby:Begin by selecting a hobby that you are passionate about.It could be anything from reading,painting,playing a musical instrument,gardening,or even collecting items.2.Introduction:Start your essay with an engaging introduction that grabs the readers attention.You might want to begin with a quote,a question,or a statement that reflects your enthusiasm for the hobby.3.Personal Connection:Explain why this hobby is important to you.Describe how you discovered it and what it means to you personally.4.Description of the Hobby:Provide a detailed description of the hobby.What does it involve?How do you engage with it?Include sensory details to help the reader visualize the activity.5.Benefits:Discuss the benefits youve gained from the hobby.These could be physical, mental,emotional,or social.For example,playing a sport might improve your physical fitness,while painting could be a form of stress relief.6.Challenges and Overcoming Them:If applicable,talk about any challenges youve faced in pursuing your hobby and how youve overcome them.This could include learning new skills,dealing with setbacks,or managing time effectively.munity and Social Aspect:If your hobby involves a community or social aspect, describe how it has allowed you to connect with others who share your interests.8.Future Plans:Share your plans for the future with this hobby.Are you looking to improve your skills,participate in competitions,or perhaps even turn it into a career?9.Conclusion:End your essay with a strong conclusion that summarizes your main points and leaves the reader with a lasting impression of your passion for the hobby.10.Proofread:Finally,make sure to proofread your essay for grammatical errors,clarity, and coherence.Remember,the goal of writing about your hobbies is not only to inform but also to engage and entertain the e vivid language,personal anecdotes,and a positive tone to make your essay enjoyable and memorable.。

如何有效地检查和修改学术论文中的语法和拼写错误

如何有效地检查和修改学术论文中的语法和拼写错误学术论文是学术交流和知识传递的重要形式，它们的质量对于研究者而言至关重要。

然而，即使在深思熟虑和精心撰写的学术论文中，语法和拼写错误仍然时有发生。

这些错误不仅会给读者留下不专业的印象，还可能误导读者或影响对论文内容的理解。

因此，了解如何有效地检查和修改学术论文中的语法和拼写错误是每个研究者都应该掌握的技巧。

下面将介绍几种常用且有效的方法来标记和纠正学术论文中的语法和拼写错误：1. 使用拼写和语法检查工具拼写和语法检查工具是最常见的语法和拼写错误检查方式。

使用像Microsoft Word这样的文字处理软件，内建有拼写和语法检查功能，可以自动检查并标记出潜在的错误。

然而，这些工具并非完美无缺，不能完全替代人工的检查。

因此，在使用这些工具检查论文时，需要谨慎对待每一处错误标记，并结合对论文内容的理解来进行修正。

2. 定期休息和交叉检查长时间连续地编辑和校对论文容易造成疲劳和视觉疲劳，从而忽视一些潜在的语法和拼写错误。

因此，定期休息并及时交叉检查是非常重要的。

通过短暂的休息和离开一段时间再返回论文，可以让眼睛和大脑得到休息，从而更容易发现之前可能忽略的错误。

3. 逐句逐词阅读逐句逐词阅读是一种常用的检查和修改学术论文的方法。

有时候，只有通过仔细地阅读每一个句子和每一个单词，才能发现并矫正一些细微的语法和拼写错误。

在阅读过程中，可以用红笔或高亮器标记出潜在的错误，然后逐个进行修改。

4. 找到可靠的校对人员即使你是一位优秀的作者和编辑者，也难免会忽视掉一些错误。

为了确保学术论文的质量，找到可靠的校对人员是非常必要的。

他们可以提供第三方的视角，帮助发现并纠正你可能忽视的语法和拼写错误。

可以选择专业的校对服务或者请同行、导师或教授帮忙校对你的论文。

5. 查阅相关参考资料当遇到某些语法和拼写问题时，查阅相关的参考资料是很有帮助的。

例如，英文写作风格指南、拼写和语法手册等可以提供详细的规则和建议，帮助你进行修正。

textblob 纠错原理

textblob 纠错原理TextBlob是一个Python库，用于自然语言处理任务，如文本分类、情感分析、语义分析等。

它的纠错功能是基于语言模型和概率统计的方法实现的。

该功能能够检测和纠正文本中的拼写错误、语法错误和词形错误等。

TextBlob的纠错原理主要基于以下几个步骤：1. 拼写纠错：TextBlob会检测文本中的拼写错误，并尝试根据上下文和单词频率等信息将其纠正。

例如，如果文本中出现了"speling"这个单词，TextBlob会将其纠正为"spelling"。

2. 语法纠错：TextBlob会分析文本的语法结构，检测并纠正语法错误。

例如，如果文本中出现了"he go to school"这个句子，TextBlob 会将其纠正为"he goes to school"。

3. 词形纠错：TextBlob会分析文本中单词的词形，并根据上下文和单词频率等信息将其纠正。

例如，如果文本中出现了"the child is goed"这个句子，TextBlob会将其纠正为"the child is gone"。

TextBlob的纠错功能能够帮助用户改善文本的质量和准确性。

通过自动检测和纠正文本中的错误，可以提高文本的可读性和理解性。

无论是在写作文档、发表文章还是进行在线交流，纠错功能都可以帮助用户避免尴尬和误解，提升沟通效果和专业形象。

TextBlob的纠错原理是基于语言模型和概率统计的方法，通过分析文本的拼写、语法和词形等方面的错误，并根据上下文和单词频率等信息进行纠正。

纠错功能能够帮助用户提高文本的质量和准确性，提升沟通效果和专业形象。

无论是在写作、发表文章还是进行在线交流，都可以受益于TextBlob的纠错功能。

拼写校正——精选推荐

拼写校正[拼写校正]　对于⼤多数拼写校正 (spelling correction)算法⽽⾔,存在以下两个基本的原则。

(1) 对于⼀个拼写错误的查询,在其可能的正确拼写中,选择距离“最近” 的⼀个。

这就要求在查询之间有距离或者邻近度的概念。

(2) 当两个正确拼写查询邻近度相等(或相近)时,选择更常见的那个。

例如,grunt 和 grant都是查询 grnt 的可能的正确拼写。

算法将会从它们之中选择更常见的那个作为最后的拼写结果。

最简单的情况下, "更常见”可以通过统计各词项在⽂档集中出现的次数来获得。

因此,如果grunt 在⽂档集中⽐ grant 出现得更多,则选择 grunt 作为校正结果。

在很多搜索引擎中使⽤了另⼀种“ 更常见” 的概念,其基本思路是,使⽤所有其他⽤户输⼊的查询中出现最频繁的拼写形式作为最后的选择。

也就是说,如果⽤户输⼊ grunt 作为查询的次数相⽐ grant 更多的话,那么⽤户输⼊ grnt 更有可能是想要查询 grunt。

拼写校正算法基于这些邻近度计算, 其功能主要通过以下⼏种⽅式来返回给⽤户。

(1) 输⼊查询 carot,系统往往在返回包含 carot 的⽂档的同时,也返回包含 carot 多种可能拼写校正结果(如 carrot 和 tarot)的⽂档。

(2) 当 carot 不在词典中时,采⽤第 1 种做法。

(3) 当原始查询返回的⽂档结果数⽬少于预定值(⽐如少于 5 篇⽂档) 采⽤第 1 种做法。

(4) 当原始查询返回的⽂档数⽬少于预定值时,搜索界⾯中会给⽤户提供⼀个拼写建议(spelling suggestion),建议中会包含拼写校正之后的结果。

因此,这实际上相当于搜索引擎和⽤户进⾏交互: 你是在找 carrot 吗” ? 两种拼写校正的⽅法:⼀种是词项独⽴(isolated-term)的校正,另⼀种是上下⽂敏感(context-sensitive)的校正。

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Course Overview & Requirements

Grading based on Departmental Final Exam (60%) Academic Writing (20%) Attendance (5%) Assignments/Class Participation (15%) Additional English course (20%) Handouts & Course Materials 5 Yuan per student Fee to be submitted by end of October

The young woman in the picture has a face that resembles my own in many ways. Her face is a bit more oval than mine, but the softly waving brown hair around it is identical. The small, straight nose is the same model I was born with. My mother’s mouth is closed, yet there is just the slightest hint of a smile on her full lips. I know that if she had smiled, she would have shown the same wide grin and down-curving “smile lines” that appear in my own picture. The most haunting feature in the photo, however, is my mother’s eyes. They are an exact duplicate of my own large, dark-brown ones. Her brows are plucked into thin lines, which are like two pencil strokes added to highlight those fine, luminous eyes.
_ _ _
# ^ /
Symbols practice
My mother, who is Sseventy year old, G recently sent to me a photograf of her that I T S never saw before. While cleening out the WW attic of his Guangzhou home, she across came a studio portrait she had taken about a year before she married to my father. G WW P That mother’s picture as a twenty year old G girl and the story behind fascinated I from the T ^ # moment _ i begin to considerit. _ ^ _
Symbols practice
Questions as you read

For whom were the two texts (A & B) written? What aspects of each text helped you decide? In what kind of publication would you expect to find these texts? As you read, did you notice
Audience

Differences in texts are based on assumptions author has made about the typical reader’s familiarity with the subject.

First text – the reader is probably not familiar with reverse osmosis - a fair amount of background information along with a clear definition of the process is given.

differences in amount of technical vocabulary? differences in amount of background information? different points when authors introduced the term reverse osmosis?
Academic Writing
Slide Series #1
Tim -Introduction

Timothy Joseph Conboy (Tim) From New York, NY Education: BA – French, University of Colorado 1980 MFA – New York University 1984 MBA – Fordham University 2000 Certificate in English Language Training for Adults (CELTA) 2006 (Cambridge University) Diploma in English Language Training for Adults (DELTA): Module 1 (2010 Cambridge University) DELTA: Module 2 (2012 Cambridge University) Interests include business, foreign languages, piano, swimming, tennis, good food, travel Has lived in Beijing and taught at UCAS for 11+ years.
Course Requirements

Bring dictionary, pen, and paper to class. All PPT found at: username: gucas0708@ password: Beijing2008 folder: Academic Writing
Audience

Must consider before you write For most grad students – it’s the instructor Need to understand audience’s expectations and knowledge - affects content of writing
English B students

Sample test User name: ourenglishtest Password: guesswhat
Correction Symbols
Example: S G T C ^ ( ) ?M P F/I The anwser is obvius. I am going to buy some furnitures. I have seen him yesterday. The people is angry. He told ^ that he was sorry. He was not (too) strong enough. That is a very exciting photograph. Do you like London. WO I like very much it. Meaning: A spelling error A mistake in word order A grammar mistake Wrong verb tense Concord mistake Wrong word The meaning is unclear. A punctuation mistake
Something has been left out.
WW I am interested on jazz music.
Something is not necessary.
Hi, Mr. Franklin, Thank you for your letter.. Too formal or informal
G
Symbols practice
My mother, who is seventy years old, recently sent me a photograph of herself that I had never seen before. While cleaning out the attic of her Guangzhou home, she came across a studio portrait she had taken about a year before she married my father. This picture of my mother as a twenty-yearold girl and the story behind it fascinated me from the moment I began to consider it.
Proofing Symbols
Symbol Example
draw two two conclusions lived happily after ever # allright ^ ping pong _ the chinese Language _ _