初中英语被动语态讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解知识讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
初中英语被动语态讲解
初中英语被动语态讲解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词二．被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the worldEnglish is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
语态转换不被动语态的步骤1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。
3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。
初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)
被动语态专题◆定义语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
◆被动语态的构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词◆被动语态的时态：“主动语态变被动语态，时态不变动”，即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。
请看下表：◆主动语态变被动语态的方法第一步：先确定主动句的主、谓、宾，找出其中的谓语动词。
第二步：把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，若宾语是人称代词，变宾格为主格。
第三步：把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”，时态不变。
第四步：把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时，“by+宾语”在句中常省略。
)，若主语是人称代词，应把主格变为宾格。
请对比下面的主动句和被动句：主动语态：They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.被动语态：Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China.随堂演练（把下列句型改为被动句）1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→3.We grow trees every spring.→4.My mother cleans our room every morning.→补充：①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。
若将直接宾语变为主语，需根据习惯在原间宾语前加上介词to或for 。
用to的常见词有：give, show, send, lend, pass, pay, teach, throw, bring …….用for的常见词有：design, choose, sing, buy, get, cook ……随堂演练：（1）He gave me a book.→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)（2）My father bought me a new bike.→____________________________________(间接宾语作主语)→____________________________________ (直接宾语作主语)②S+ V+ O+ OC带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）的结构变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语不可变为主语。
初中英语被动语态讲解及练习
初中英语被动语态讲解及练习一、什么是被动语态？被动语态是英语中的一种动词形式，用于表示句子的主语是动作的承受者而不是执行者。
在被动语态中，主语通常是动作的接受者，而动作的执行者则成为谓语动词的宾语。
二、被动语态的结构被动语态由助动词be（am, is, are, was, were）+及物动词的过去分词构成。
例如：原句：The boy kicked the ball.被动句：The ball was kicked by the boy.原句：They are eating the cake.被动句：The cake is being eaten by them.三、被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者是谁时，常常使用被动语态。
例如：The book was written in 2005.（这本书是2005年写的。
）The window has been broken.（窗户已经被打破了。
）2. 当动作的执行者已经知道或不需要强调时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：English is spoken all over the world.（英语在世界各地都被使用。
）The car was repaired by the mechanic.（这辆车是由机修工修理的。
）3. 当我们想要强调动作的接受者时，可以使用被动语态。
例如：The cake was eaten by Tom.（这块蛋糕是汤姆吃掉的。
）The book was read by all the students.（这本书被所有学生读过。
）四、被动语态的时态和语态转换1. 一般现在时的被动语态被动语态的一般现在时由am/is/are + 过去分词构成。
例如：原句：They build a house.（他们造了一座房子。
）被动句：A house is built by them.（一座房子被他们造了。
）2. 一般过去时的被动语态被动语态的一般过去时由was/were + 过去分词构成。
初中英语被动语态讲解
一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done （过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have bee n completed, and we’re ready to start.3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4） was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer。
5） had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6） was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7） shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes。
8） should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）例The project will have been completed before July。
初中英语被动语态
初中英语被动语态一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者（或执行者）eg：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象.eg：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者.二、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成.人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的.(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成.)各种时态的被动语态构成：1.一般现在时：am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词I'm asked to take care of myself.Football is played all over the world2.普通曩昔时：was/were＋及物动词的曩昔分词This house was built in 1958.His leg was broken in an accident.3.普通将来时：will/shall be＋及物动词的曩昔分词More factories will be built in our city.He will be taken to hospital tomorrow.4.现在进行时：am/is/are being＋及物动词的过去分词.A road is being built around the mountain.Many new houses are being built in this city5.过去进行时：was/were being＋及物动词的过去分词he meeting was being held when I was there.We were being trained this time last year.6.现在完成时：have/has been＋及物动词的过去分词His book has been translated into many foreign languages.The prices of many goods have been cut again .7.过去完成时：had been +及物动词的过去分词A new school had been set up by the end of last year.8.含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.三、被动语态的基本用法一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态.只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态：1.不知道动作的执行者是谁.1).Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了.2).This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年.3).The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday.今天,课堂的前窗被打2.没不要说出举措的执行者是谁.1).The time-table has been changed .时间表已变动了2).China was founded in 1949.3.不肯意说出举措的执行者,其目标是为了使言语得体、油滑等.在这类情形下,偶然经常使用一些句式,如Itissaidthat…（听说……）,It is reported that …（据报导）,It is well known that（尽人皆知……）It is supposed that（据猜测说, It is believed that…人人赖,It is hoped that…人人但愿,It is thought that…人人以为,It is suggested that…据发起等等.It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner.听说她要嫁给一个本国人.It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）4.夸大举措的承受者,而不夸大举措的执行者.1).The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的.2).his book was written by him.这本书是他写的.3).Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成.注：使用被动语态的情况口诀：动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要.接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙.四、主动语态变被动语态的方法：1.把自动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语.2.把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式).3.把自动语态中的主语放在介词by以后作宾语,将主格改为宾格.He plant trees in spring.Trees are planted in spring by him.主动语态变被动语态口诀：宾语提前主语变,原主变宾by 后见,时态人称be关键.All the people laughed at him.→He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.→The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut do wn a tree.→A tree was cut down by him.被动语态中by+宾语的省略：被动语态句式中的by+宾语透露表现及物动词所透露表现举措的执行者,但是在碰到以下情形时,透露表现举措执行者by+宾语经常被省略.动作执行者不确定时Paper is made from wood.Many people are killed in traffic accidents every day .不必表明举措执行者时English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages.Football is played in most school.举措执行者为普通群众时.Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area.He is made the monitor of the class today.5、自动语态变被动语态应注意的几个题目：谈谈几种非凡的被动布局1.当句子布局为主语+谓语+宾语（唯一宾语）时,把宾语提到句首做主语,然后把谓语改成被动语态形式,最后把原主语变成宾格至于介词by以后.实践应用中by短语常被省略.We finish our homework in the evening.Our homework is finished in the evening.2.当句子结构为主语+谓语+间接宾语(表示人的)+直接宾语（表示物的）时,一般把间接宾语变为主语,而直接宾语不变,这样句子显得自然些.如果把直接宾语作为主语,那么在间接宾语前应加介词to或for.She sent me a novel on my birthday. (主动)→I was sent a novel on my birthday. (被动)A novel was sent to me on my birthday. (被动)My brother bought me a watch yesterday. (自动)→I was bought a watch yesterday. (被动)A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday.(被动)注意：1).间接宾语前需要加for的动词buy ,sing ,catch ,find ,get,drow ,cook ,keep ,make,offer等.2).间接宾语前需求加to的动词bring ,give ,pass ,hand ,leave ,show ,write ,take ,teach ,tell ,thow ,l end,send ,return等3).当句子布局为主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语把自静态酿成被静态时,只需将自动语态的宾语变成被动语态句子的主语,而原句里的宾语补足语目前就酿成被静态句子的主语补足语了They asked me to help them.→I was asked to help them.Now people can use computers to help them→.Computers can be used to help them.We must keep the room clean.→The room must be kept clean .We saw them coming over.→They were see n coming over.假如复合宾语是由宾语+不带to的动词不定式组成,变成被动语态时,动词不定式前的to要补出来.常见的这类动词有：一感（feel）,二听（hear,listen to）三让（let ,make ,have）四看（watch ,see ,notice ,observe,+look at）但动词为let时,to仍可省略.The story made us laugh.→We were made to laugh by the story.The teacher let the li ttle boy go home.→The little boy was let (to) go home .4).含有神态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时,由情态动词＋be＋过去分词构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后to仍要保留.We can repair this watch in two days.→This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.→It should be done at once.The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.5).短语动词的被动语态：普通说来,只要及物动词才有被动语态,但许多不及物动词+副词或介词组成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,也能够有被动语态,但变被动语态后,不可把介词或副词遗漏.He turned on the radio just now.→The radio was turned on just now .They take good care of the babies.→The babies are taken care of.They look after the babies.→The babies are looked after .6).含有宾语从句的自动语态改为被动语态时,有两种改写方法：用it做被动语态的形式主语,宾语从句保持不变.将主动句中的宾语从句的主语改为被动语态的主语,从句的谓语部分变为不定式.这时的动词不定式所用的形式要与原来的宾语从句保持一致.They say that our teacher is busy these days.→It is said that our teacher is busy these days.Our teacher is said to be busy these days.7).如果原句宾语有后置定语修饰,变为被动语态时,应把后置修饰语随同宾语一同提前.We clean the windows of our classroom every day.→The windows of our classroom are cleaned every day.8).如果原句主语不是动作的执行者,而是所使用的物质材料,变被动语态时要用介词withSmoke filled the room.→The room was filled with smoke .9).by短语的取舍：当主动句中的主语是people ,one ,we ,they等泛指性动词时,变为被动语态后,by短语通常省略.Eg：we often speak English in our English class.→English is often spoken (by us ) in our English class当主动句中是who ,what ,which等做主语,变被动语态后句首的疑问词在句中的成分由原来的主语变为介词by的宾语,应注意介词by不能丢.Who wrote the book ?→who was the book written by ?需求夸大举措的执行时,by短语不能省略.uncle wang made the kite .→The kite was made by uncle wang .六．可与被动语态连用的介词在被动语态的句子中,常用介词by引出动作的发出者,实际上同被动语态连用的介词除by以外还有很多.1.表示谓语动词的动作是为谁或为何目的而发生的要用介词for.(beusedforsth/doingsth被用于…被用于做…)This new bike was bought for you .Stamps are used for sending letters .2.表示动作发出者所使用的工具或强调状态时应用介词withThe trees were cut down with a knife .The bottle is filled with orange .3.透露表现被作为…(产生)应用介词as（be used as被作为…利用）English is used as a first language in Canada.4.在be well-known后应用介词to,透露表现被…所熟知The Great Wall is well-known to everyone in the world .5.在be made后可用多个介词表示不同的意义be made in表示在某地制造This Tv set is made in shanghai .bemadeof和bemadefrom都能够透露表现由…制成的,但bemadeof夸大从制制品上能够看出原资料,bemadefrom则透露表现从制制品上看不出原资料.This table is made of wood .This kind of paper is made from wood.be made by由…（人）制造的The cake is made by my mother .be made into透露表现被制成...make…into把…制成…（自动形式）Glass is often made into glasses .玻璃常被制成玻璃杯.be made after透露表现模仿...制成This machine is made after theirs .这台机器是仿照他们的机器制成的.be made up of表示由...组成Our class is made up of fifty students .七、不可用于被动语态的情况1.当谓语动词是表示静态的及物动词（短语）时（eg：have ,cost ,hold ,know ,fit ,belong to…）不可用于被动语态.How long did the meeting last ?2.当谓语动词是look ,become ,get ,turn等连系动词,其后的成分多为形容词或名词词组作表语时.He looks fine .3.宾语是反身代词,相互代词或与主语对应的物主代词修饰的名词词组时.They taught themselves English .We should learn each other .4.宾语是动词不定式（短语）或动名词时.The students hope to visit the Great wall .He has finished reading the book .5.宾语和动词在乎义上为不可支解的牢固搭配时.He caught a bad cold last week.You shouldn’t make faces in class .6.宾语是表示数量,长度,大小,处所或方位的词时.They reached shanghai early in the next morning .He left Beijing by bus yesterday .7.当宾语是同源宾语时.Today all of us live a happy life .8.宾语是行动者（人体）的某一局部或人体的器官时.He could hardly believe his eyes .Mr Hu shook his head and said nothing .9.当宾语是某一构造机构或构造团体称号时.The man joined the army in1957.8、自动形式被动含义在英语中,主动意义用主动语态表示,被动意义用被动语态表示.但在以下几种情况下,被动意义却用主动语态来表示：（一）少数动词,既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词.当它们作不及物动词且用来表示主语内在品质或性能时,可用一般时态的主动形式表示被动意义,其主语大多为事物.常见的有：sell(销售好)read(好读),write(好写),wash(耐洗),wear(耐穿),last,tear,lock ,count ,open ,teach ,drive ,take等、1). The tickets cost too much and sold badly.这些票太贵了,销路不好.2). Can you lend Hie your pen?Your pen writes better．你能把你的钢笔借给我吗?你的钢笔更好写.3).The pen writes well.这笔好写.4).The door won’t open.门开不下来.5).The clothes wash easily.这衣服很好洗.6). The door won't open.这门打不开.注意：这类动词的主动形式表示被动意义有三个明显特征1).与not,hardly等否定意义的词连用.2).常与副词well,easily,badly ,poorly ,nicely ,fast ,smoothly ,等连用透露表现效果或水平.3）句中的主语是谓语动词的承受者.（二）某些透露表现觉得,状况,特征的系动词eg：feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系动词,用自动形式表达被动意义,主语是物.1.The cloth feels soft.这布料摸起来很软.2.His cake tastes good.他的蛋糕味道很好.3.Good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口（三）动词need, want, require等透露表现需求或应当的意义时,后用动词ing的自动式或动词不定式被动形式透露表现变动意义..1).The floor needs sweeping.地板须拖一下.2).The old bike needs repairing (or: to be repaired).那辆旧自行车需要修理.3).Your hair needs cutting．你的头发需求理了.4).The wall requires painting．这墙壁需求粉刷了.（四）主语+be worth doing句式中ving形式表达被动含义This book is well worth reading.The film is well worth seeing．（五）不定式以主动形式表达被动意义的情况主要有以下两种：1).不定式作定语与被修饰的词形成动宾关系时,不定式用主动形式表被动意义.I have something important to tell you.我有重要事情要告诉你.Is there anything else to say?还有此外甚么工作要说吗？2).在主语+系动词+adj.+todo布局中,不定式作为主语的补足语对主语作弥补说明,与主语之间构成动宾干系时,其自动形式透露表现被动含义.（描述词通常为easy, difficult, hard, pleasant, nice, heavy等）The place is easy to find in the map.I find the problem difficult to solve.The book is difficult to understand.The water in the river is unfit to drink.这条河里的水不宜饮用.His speech isn't easy to understand.他的演说不容易了解3).在too…todosth和enough…todo句型中,如果主语是物而不是人,则不定式部分是用主动形式表达的被动含义.The table is too heavy (for me)to carry .The dress is good enough to wear at the party .（六）透露表现产生、举行的不及物动词和短语,如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true,run out, give out, turn out等以自动形式透露表现被动意义.How do the newspapers come out?这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？（七）介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用,含被动之义,其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式,名词前一般不用冠词.1.under +名词布局,透露表现某事在举行中.常见的有：under control（受掌握）, under treatment（在医治中）, underrepair（在修理中）, under discussion（在会商中）, under construction（在施工中）.The building is under construction( is being constructed).2.beyond+名词结构,出乎……胜过……、范围、限度.常见的有：beyond belief (令人难以置), beyond one’s reach（鞭长莫及）,beyond one’s control（无法控制）,beyond our hope．我们的成功始料不及.The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．3.above+名词结构,表示(品质、行为、能力等)超过……、高于…….His honest character is above all praise．=His honest character cannot be praised enough．4.for+名词结构,表示适于……、为着…….如：for sale(出售), for rent（出租）等.That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).5. in+名词布局,透露表目前……过程当中或规模内常见的有：in print（在印刷中）,in sight(在视野规模内),等.The book is not yet in print．(=is not yet printed)6.on+名词布局,透露表目前处置……中.常见的有：on sale(出卖),on show（展出）, on trial（受审）.some treasures are on show in the museum (= are being showed).7.out of+名词布局透露表现超越……以外,常见的有：out of control(掌握不了),out of sight（超越视野以外）,outof one’s reach(够不着), outof fashion(不风行)等.Th e plane was out of control (can’t be controlled)．.8.within+名词布局,在……内、不跨越…….He took two days off within the teacher's permission（八）非谓语动词的自动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的自动形式表被动意义.1.在need,want,require, bear等词的背面,动名词用自动形式透露表现被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式.The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需求修理.2.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式.The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系,不定式的主动形式表示被动含义.I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾干系,与I是主谓干系.)试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? (此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者.)4.在某些形容词＋不定式做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义.这些形容词有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,inter esting等.This problem is difficult to work out（可看做to work out省略了for me）.5.在too…to…结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义.This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.在therebe…句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物.There is no time to lose（to be lost）．（用to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁lost time不明确.）九、被动语态相关的一些词组:get dressed(穿衣)get hurt(受伤)get lost(迷路)get washed(洗脸)get married(结婚)be covered with (被…覆盖)be made of（由…制成）（看得出原材料）be made by（由或人制造）be made from（由…制成）（看不出原资料）be made in（由某地制造）be used for（被用于…）be used as（被当作…使用）be used to do（被用于做...）it is said that…（据说…）it is hoped that…（希望…）。
初中英语语法被动语态
动词的语态
1．英语中动词有两种语态： 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词的执行者。 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。例如：A talk on science will be given in our school next Monday.下周一在我们学校将会有一场关于科学的演讲。
B. will finish
C. will be finished D. would finish
过去将来时态：would + be+过去分词
6、The old scientist said that he ______ to visit their country
before long .
A. invited
B. had invited
C. was inviting D. would be invited
现在完成时态：have/has + been +过去分词
7、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _____
in the poor area.
在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况 中：
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。 This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。 (2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 More trees must be planted every year.每年都应该种更多 的树。
6 过去进行时 was/were+现在分词
was/were+being+过去分词
7 现在完成时 8 过去完成时 9 含情态动词
初中英语被动语态的知识点
初中英语被动语态的知识点由助动词be + 动词的过去分词构成。
助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。
(1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。
如：Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。
(2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。
如：The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。
(3) 现在进展时：am/is/are being +过去分词。
如：The project is being carried out. 这个方案正在执行中。
(4) 过去进展时：was/were/being +过去分词。
如：This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。
(5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。
如：The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。
(6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。
如：The manager said the project would be pleted by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。
(7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。
如：This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。
(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。
如：。
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的重要知识点，在学习英语过程中我们经常会遇到被动语态的使用。
被动语态的结构是由"be"动词（am，is，are，was，were，has been，have been，had been，will be，shall be等）加上过去分词构成的。
被动语态在句子中的主语是动作的承受者，强调的是动作的接受者，同时被动语态也是表示客观事实或者普遍规律的常用语态。
下面是对初中英语中常用的被动语态用法进行归纳总结：1. 一般现在时被动语态：由am/is/are + 过去分词构成。
例如：The cake is made by my mom.（这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）2. 一般过去时被动语态：由was/were + 过去分词构成。
例如：The letter was written by Tom.（这封信是汤姆写的。
）3. 一般将来时被动语态：由will be/shall be + 过去分词构成。
例如：The house will be cleaned by the maid tomorrow.（这个房子明天将由女仆来打扫。
）4. 现在进行时被动语态：由am/is/are being + 过去分词构成。
例如：The book is being read by Lucy.（这本书正在被露西阅读。
）5. 过去进行时被动语态：由was/were being + 过去分词构成。
例如：The car was being repaired by the mechanic when I arrived.（当我到达时，这辆车正在被修理工修理。
）6. 情态动词被动语态：由情态动词（can，could，may，might，must，should，would等）+ be + 过去分词构成。
例如：The film can be watched online.（这部电影可以在线观看。
初中英语被动语态讲解
初中英语被动语态讲解一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。
”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。
”二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“be + 过去分词”构成，句中人称、数和时态是通过be来表现出来的。
常见的几种时态的被动语态如下（以动词do为例）：三、被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were _____（steal）last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
（不知道电脑是谁偷的）（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The window was ___________（break）by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法主动：宾语宾语Eg:Everybody loves music.Music is loved by everybody.Eg: Mike broke the window.The window was broken by Mike.五、注意1.英语中有很多动词常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
如：happen, take place, break out, come out, come true, have(有），take(花费),cost, fit, belong to 等2. 系动词没有被动形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book, feel,smell等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable3 在need，want，require, 等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
(完整)初中英语被动语态讲解
初中英语被动语态解说英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的履行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的蒙受者。
一、被动语态的组成英语动词的被动语态由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词组成。
助动词be一定与主语的人称和数目保持一致，态的变化。
比如：The man was fooled by the two boys.The book has been translated into several languages.二、被动语态的用法（ 1）动作的履行者不知道是谁或难以说明经常用被动语态。
比如：并有时Street lights are often turned on at six in winter.The new test book will be used next term.（ 2）当动作的蒙受者比起动作的履行者来说更能惹起人们的关怀而需要加以重申时，要用被动语态。
比如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（ 3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或许直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保存不变。
变为主语的假如主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或 for。
比如： The pianist gave the pupils( 间接宾语 )some advice(直接宾语 )→The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. → Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch 、hear、feel 等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。
初中英语被动语态
初中被动语态全解语态表示主语和谓语的关系,英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语，speak的动作是由主语we来执行的。
如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态,如：Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说，Chinese是动词speak的承受者。
一．被动语态的时态：be +动词的过去分词1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.Football （play）all over the world。
Many trees （plant）in North China.Rice （grow）in South China.A camera （use）for taking photosI often （ask）to do this work.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was /were+及物动词的过去分词＋其它+by sb.The house （build）in 1978.All the students _____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last SundayThe car (clean) by Dad yesterday.I （tell）to wait for him right here.When the present （give）to him by his mother？3含有情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词can / may / must / should + be + 及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.Chocolate may (send) to him as a present.Computers should （look）after well.Can this kind of machine （mend）by Uncle Wang?No stars can （see）in the day-time by us.Must the old people ____________ (speak) to politely?主动语态变为被动的几个特殊情况①有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改为被动，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有[let, make, have,help]和感官动词[feel,see,hear,watch,look at,listen to]，如：The boss made my grandfather work 10hours a day.改成My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day.②含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面/也可采用另一种形式，这类动词有：know, say, believe, find, think, report等③是所有的主动句都可以变换成被动句，更不是所有的被动句都可以自由变换成主动句。
初中英语被动语态的讲解
初中英语被动语态的讲解1. 语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
例如：主动语态：Many people speak Chinese in the world.被动语态：Chinese is spoken by many people in the world.例如：I opened the gift. （主动句）The gift was opened by me. （被动句）We call the snowman Mr. Strong. （主动句）The snowman is called Mr. Strong. （被动句）They make shoes in that factory. （主动句）Shoes are made （by them）in that factory. （被动句）2. 被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
（1）一般现在时：am/is/are+doneThe motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.Our classroom is cleaned every day.（2）一般过去时：was/were+doneTen computers were bought （by them）last term.The station was built in 1928.（3）一般将来时：will/shall be+done或am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.The work will be finished （by them）in ten days.Some babies will be looked after by Miss Chen（4）过去将来时的被动语态：①would / should + be + 动词的过去分词或was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new buildings would be built soon in our city.He thought that my watch was going to be mended after two hours.（5）现在进行时：am/is/are being+doneThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.Many trees are being cut down in the park.（6）过去进行时的被动语态：was / were + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory was being built in our city at that time.Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.（7）现在完成时：have/has been+doneTwenty more keys have been made by us.Some new streets have been built in the city since 2000.（8）过去完成时：had been+doneMany letters had been received by the end of last week.I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .3. 被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
初中英语被动语态讲解、练习题及答案
初中英语被动语态讲解、练习题及答案英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋p.p一般过去时：was／were＋p.p一般将来时：will／shall+ be＋p.p现在进行时：am／is／are being＋p.p 过去进行时：have／has being＋p.p现在完成时：have／has +been＋p.p过去完成时：had +been＋p.p过去将来时：would／should+ be＋p.p不用于被动语态的动词有些动词用于被动语态，如happen，cost，take，have (有)，own，possess, want 。
An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。
One should possess courage, determination and wisdom. 人要拥有勇气、决心和智慧。
动词的主动形式表示被动之意1）某些连系动词，如：look, feel, smell，sound, prove等。
The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
Maria proves very patient and warm-hearted. 玛丽亚被证明很耐心、很热心。
2）表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”等某些属性的动词，虽然可以是及物动词，但这时用作不及物动词，如：close, open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean,cut, run, ride, begin, end, lock, shut, draw,translate, burn, operate等。
初中英语知识点：被动语态
（三）反意疑问句借助情态动词构成附加疑问部分。如：
Thisbridgecanbebuiltnextyear，can'tit？这座桥明年能建成，是吗？
Thisbookshouldn'tbetakenoutofthelibrary，shouldit？这本书不应被带出图书馆，是吗 ？
（一）一般疑问句直接将陈述句被动语态中的情态动词提前。如：
Mustthisworkbedoneatonce？这项工作必须立即完成吗？
Shouldyourhomeworkbefinishedbeforesix？你的家庭作业应在六点前完成吗？
（二）特殊疑问句由疑问词加上一般疑问句被动语态构成。如：
须在什么时候完成？
—Musthisexercisebookbehandedinatonce？他的练习本必须立即上交吗？ —Yes，itmust．是的，必须立即上交。（No，itneedn't．不，不必立即上交。） —Needhebeoperatedonatonce？他必须立即手术吗？ —Yes，hemust．是的，他必须。（No，heneedn't．不，他不必。）
语态： 是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态； 如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动 语态。 被动语态的构成: 被动语态的基本结构： 主语+be +过去分词(+by+动作的发出者） ① 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词 如：Trees are planted every year. ② 现在进行时 am/is/are+ being +过去分词 如：The road is being repaired. ③ 现在完成时 have/has + been +过去分词 如：The work has been finished. ④ 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 如：The story was told by him. Many birds were killed last year. ⑤过去进行时 was/were+ being + 过去分词 如： The new house was being painted when I got home. ⑥过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词 如： He told me that the work had been finished.
初中英语被动语态讲解
被动语态被动语态是各地中考必考知识点之一,考查内容主要是一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时的被动语态以及含有情态动词的被动语态。
考查题型主要是选择题、词汇运用和翻译句子等。
预计2021年对被动语态的考查重在适当语境中运用被动语态;动词填空完成句子等主要以动词的被动语态为主。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词〞构成。
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规那么与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
现以动词ask,主语第一人称为例,将各种时态的被动语态的肯定式、否认式及疑问式列出如下:一般现在时:I am asked...I am not asked...Am I asked...一般过去时:I was asked...I was not asked...Was I asked...一般将来时:I will be asked...I won’t be asked...Will you be asked...现在完成时:I have been asked...I haven’t been asked...Have you been asked...现在进行时:I am being asked...I am not being asked...Are you being asked...含有情态动词:I may be asked...I may not be asked...May I be asked...案例①(2021·浙江金华·28)Luckily,the old lady to hospital immediately after she fell down to the ground.A. sentB. is sentC. was sentD. sends【解析】此题考查被动语态的用法。
句意为:幸运的是,那个老太太摔倒在地上后立刻医院。
A一般过去时;B一般现在时的被动语态;C一般过去时的被动语态;D一般现在时。
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一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词)一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done现在完成时3）am/is /are being done现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）hadbeen done过去完成时6）was/were being done过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done将来完成时（少用）2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。
通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为He was given apresentby his mother for his birthday.3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改为The boy wascaughtsmoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词have, make,get以及感官动词see, watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改为Astrangerwasseento walkinto the building.5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。
其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非谓语动词的被动语态v.+ing形式及不定式to do也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。
例Idon'tlike being laughed at in the public.二、如何使用被动语态学习被动语态时，不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构，还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。
1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by短语)。
例My bike was stolen last night.2.借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。
例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.3.为了更好地安排句子。
例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognizedbypeople.（一个主语就够了）三、It is said that+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。
有：Itissaidthat…据说,Itisreported that…据报道，It isbelievedthat…大家相信，It ishoped that…大家希望，It is well known that…众所周知，It isthought that…大家认为，It is suggested that…据建议。
例Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（＝Theboyissaidto havepassed the national exam.）四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
例This kind of cloth washes well.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）Thedoorwon'tbelocked．（指不会有人来锁门,指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：3.系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel,sound,taste,book, feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
例Your reason sounds reasonable五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。
1．在need，want，require,bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
例The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。
2．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。
例Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading．（＝Thepicture-bookisveryworthyto be read．）3.动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系,不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
例I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系。
)试比较：I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted?(此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。
)4.在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
例Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout.（可看作toworkout省略了forme）.5．"在too… to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.6.在therebe…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人，用被动形式作定语，重点在物。
例Thereisnotimetolose（tobelost）．（用tolose可看成forustolose；用tobe lost，谁lost time不明确。
）7.在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动,被动表被动。
然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例Who is to blame for starting the fire?六、介词in, on, under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。
1.“under+名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。
常见的有：undercontrol（受控制）,undertreatment（在治疗中）,underrepair（在修理中）,underdiscussion（在讨论中）, under construction（在施工中）。
例The building is under construction( is being constructed).2．"“beyond+名词”结构，“出乎……胜过……、范围、限度”。
常见的有：beyondbelief(令人难以置信)，beyondone’sreach（鞭长莫及），beyondone’scontrol（无法控制），beyond our hope．我们的成功始料不及。
例The rumour is beyond belief（=can’t be believed）．3.“above+名词”结构,表示“(品质、行为、能力等)超过……、高于……”。
例Hishonestcharacterisaboveallpraise．=Hishonestcharactercannotbe praisedenough．4．“for+名词”结构，表示“适于……、为着……”。
如：forsale(出售),forrent（出租）等。
例That house is for sale. (= That house is to be sold).5．“in+名词”结构，表示“在……过程中或范围内”常见的有：in print（在印刷中），in sight(在视野范围内)，等。