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The apprenticeship ideal and the standing of the apprentice 学徒理想与学徒站-PPT课件

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U校园新视野大学英语3参考答案

U校园新视野大学英语3参考答案

U校园新视野大学英语3参考答案本参考答案旨在帮助学生更好地理解和掌握《U校园新视野大学英语3》的知识点，提高英语水平。

以下是部分单元的参考答案，供学生参考。

Unit 1: The Power of WordsSection A: Vocabulary and Structure1. The correct answer for the first vocabulary exercise is:- (1). C: articulate- (2). A: eloquence- (3). B: rhetoric2. The sentence structure exercise should be completed as follows:- (1). The speech was so powerful that it moved the audience to tears.- (2). Despite his lack of formal education, he was ableto express his thoughts eloquently.Section B: Reading Comprehension1. The main idea of the passage is:- A: The impact of language on human behavior and emotions.2. According to the passage, which of the following is true?- B: Positive affirmations can enhance self-esteem.1. In the conversation, the two speakers discuss:- B: The importance of choosing the right words whengiving feedback.Unit 2: Technology and SocietySection A: Vocabulary and Structure1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word given: - (1). The rapid advancement of technology has revolutionized the way we communicate.- (2). The company's innovation in software developmenthas set a new standard in the industry.2. Choose the best word to complete the sentence:- (1). B: integrate- (2). A: obsoleteSection B: Reading Comprehension1. The author's purpose in writing the passage is to:- C: Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of technological advancements.2. What is the author's view on the impact of technology on employment?- B: Technology creates new job opportunities while eliminating others.1. The main topic of the lecture is:- A: The role of technology in shaping modern society.Unit 3: Environmental AwarenessSection A: Vocabulary and Structure1. Match the words with their definitions:- (1). A: conservation- (2). C: pollution- (3). B: sustainability2. Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice:- (1). The new policy will be implemented by the government to reduce carbon emissions.- (2). Recycling programs are encouraged in many communities to preserve natural resources.Section B: Reading Comprehension1. The passage suggests that:- A: Individual actions can contribute to environmental protection.2. What is the author's opinion on the effectiveness of recycling programs?- C: They are effective when properly managed and supported by the public.1. The speakers in the interview discuss:- B: The challenges and opportunities in promoting environmental sustainability.Unit 4: Cultural DiversitySection A: Vocabulary and Structure1. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions:- (1). The festival is celebrated in honor of the cultural heritage.- (2). Despite their cultural differences, the two communities coexist peacefully.2. Choose the correct sentence:- A: Cultural diversity enriches our understanding of the world.Section B: Reading Comprehension1. The main theme of the article is:- B: The importance of respecting and embracing cultural diversity.2. According to the article, what is the impact of globalization on culture?- C: It leads to both the spread and the potential loss of cultural identities.1. The interviewee talks about:- A: The benefits of cultural exchange programs for fostering understanding between different cultures.Unit 5: Personal DevelopmentSection A: Vocabulary and Structure1. Use the correct form of the word to complete the sentence: - (1). The key to success is perseverance and hard work. - (2). The seminar aims to enhance participants' leadership skills.2. Choose the sentence that best expresses the idea:- B: Setting realistic goals is crucial for personal development.Section B: Reading Comprehension1. The author believes that:- A: Self-improvement is a continuous process.2. What does the passage suggest about the role of failure in personal growth?- C: It can provide valuable lessons and motivate further efforts.Section C: Listening1. The main points discussed in the lecture include:- A: Strategies for effective time management.- B: The importance of maintaining a healthy work-life balance.ConclusionThese are just a few examples of the types of exercises and questions you might。

The apprenticeship ideal and the standing of the apprentice 学徒理想与学徒站26页

The apprenticeship ideal and the standing of the apprentice 学徒理想与学徒站26页
• Benefits
– Pedagogical: motivation, cognition – Skills learned: closeness to production
• A case for
– A hybrid role for the apprentice? – A distinct role for the apprentice?
Mixed
Employment contract
Indefinite
Few or none
Few
Mosta
Few
77% (all)
91% (>18)
9
Apprenticeships Act, GB, 2009
• ‘... an Apprenticeship agreement is to be treated as not being a contract of apprenticeship ...
– results in an externally recognised vocational qualification
2
The apprenticeship ideal
• A combination of
– Types of learning: theory and practice – Locations: classroom and workplace – Roles: student and worker
3
Ideal and real
Obstacles to acceptance and implementation of the ideal:
• Pedagogical
– Motivation and cognition – Co-operation by colleges and employers

《欧洲文化入门》试题及重点内容归纳总结(完整版)

《欧洲文化入门》试题及重点内容归纳总结(完整版)

《欧洲文化入门》第一部分试题I. Choose the most appropriate one for the following blanks.1 . Two maj or elements in European culture are ____.A. the Greek and RomanB. the Judaism and ChristianityC. the Greco-RomanD. A and B2. ____ deals with the Troj an War (the Greek states led by Agamemnon in their war against the city of Troy ).A. The OdysseyB. The IliadC. Prometheus BoundD. Persians3. The play Prometheus Bound was written by _____.A. AeschylusB. AristophanesC. EuripidesD. Sophocles4. The best writer of comedy of the ancient Greece was ____ , who is Father of Comedy.A. EuripidesB. AristophanesC. SophoclesD. Aeschylus5. ____ was one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theory.A. HomeB. HeracleitueC. DemocritusD. Socrates6, ____by Plato is a book about the ideal state ruled by a philosopher but barring poets.A. DialoguesB. The ApologyC. The RepublicD. Symposium7. Dante called ____ “ the master of those who know”.A, Aristotle B. Plato C. Socrates D. Archimedes8. Euclid is even now well-known for his ____.A. ElementsB. PoeticsC. EthicsD. Politics9. ____ has been a big subj ect for discussion among writers and artists.A, Discus Thrower B, Venus de MiloC, Laocoon group D, Parthenon1 0. Herodotus , Father of History, wrote about the war between ____ .A. Athens and SpartaB. Athens and SyracuseC. Athens and PersiansD. Greeks and Persians11 . It is _____ who was the founder of scientific mathematics.A. HeracleitusB. AristotleC. SocratesD. Pythagoras1 2. Octavius took supreme power as emperor with the title of ____ in 27 B. C. .A. RomeB. AugustusC. The Roman EmpireD. Pax Romana1 3. The great epic, The Aeneid, was written by _____.A. LucretiusB. VirgilC. Julius CaesarD. Cicero1 4. The oldest and most important of the Old Testament of 39 books are the first five books, called ____.A. DeuteronomyB. ExodusC. the PentateuchD. Genesis1 5. In ____ the Jews were carried away into the Babylonian Captivity(巴比伦之囚).A. 1 69B.C. B. 586 B. C. C. 536 B. C. D, 721 B. C.1 6. The most important and influential of English Bible is ____, first published in 1 611 .A. The SeptuagintB. The VulgateC. Wycliff’s versionD. Authorized version11 7. ____ is the oldest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament.A. The SeptuagintB. The VulgateC. Wycliff’s versionD. Authorized version1 8. It is generally accepted that ____ and Shakespeare are two great reserviors of Modern English.A. the BibleB. the English BibleC. the New TestamentD. the Old Testament1 9. The Middle Ages is a period in which _____ , _____ and Gothic heritages merged.A. Greco-Roman, ChristianityB. classical, ChristianC. Greek, RomanD. classical, Hebrew20. The centre of medieval life under feudalism was _____.A. knighthoodB. the manorC. the ChurchD. polis21 . In 1 054, the Christian Church was divided into ____ and the Eastern Orthodox Church.A. ChristianityB. the Roman ChurchC. the Roman Catholic ChurchD. the Western Catholic22. _____ by Aquinas forms an enormous system and sums up all the knowledge of medieval theology.A. Summa TheologicaB. Summa Contra GentilesC. Opus maiusD. Beowulf23. The Anglo-Saxon epic ____ originated from the collective effort of oral literature.A. Song of RolandB. the Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.C. BeowulfD. the Divine Comedy24. Generally speaking, Renaissance refers to the period between ____.centuries《欧洲文化入门》重点归纳1、There are many elements constituting(组成) European Culture.2、There are two major elements: Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element.3、The richness(丰富性) of European Culture was created by Greco-Roman element and Judeo-Christian element.第一章1、The 5th century closed with civil war between Athens and Sparta.2、The economy of Athens rested on(依赖) an immense（无限的）amount of slave labour.3、Olympus mount, Revived in 1896(当代奥运会)4、Ancient Greece(古希腊)’s epics was created by Homer.5、They events of Homer’s own time. (错)（They are not about events of Ho mer’s own time, probably in the period 1200-1100 B.C.）6、The Homer’s epics consisted of Iliad and Odyssey.7、Agamemnon, Hector, Achilles are in Iliad.8、Odysseus and Penelope are in Odyssey.9、Odyssey(对其作品产生影响)—→James Joyoe’s Ulysses(描述一天的生活). In the 20th century.10、Drama in Ancient Greece was floured in the 5th century B.C.11、三大悲剧大师① Aeschylus《Prometheus Bound》—→模仿式作品Shelly《Prometheus Unbound》② Sophocles(之首)《Oedipus the King》—→ Freud’s “the Oedipus complex” (恋母情结) —→ David Herbert Lawrence’s《Sons and lovers》(劳伦斯)447页③ EuripidesA．《Trojan Women》B．He is the first writer of “problem plays”(社会问题剧)在肖伯纳手中达到高潮，属于存在主义戏剧的人物C．Elizabeth Browning called him “Euripides human”(一个纯粹的人)D．Realism can be traced back(追溯到) to the Ancient Greece.To be specific(具体来说), Euripides.12、The only representative of Greek comedy is Aristophanes. 18页Aristophanes writes about nature. —→浪漫主义湖畔派（The lakers）华兹华兹(新古典主义代表作家《格列夫游记》《大人国小人国》《温和的提议》用讽刺的写作手法)13、History (Historical writing)史学创作※ “Father of History” —→ Herodotu s —→ war(between Greeks and Persians)This war is called Peleponicion wars. 博罗奔泥撒，3只是陈述史实，并没有得出理论。

当今越来越多的大学毕业生英语作文

当今越来越多的大学毕业生英语作文

当今越来越多的大学毕业生英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Rising Tide of University GraduatesWhen I walked across the stage to receive my diploma, I couldn't help but feel a mix of pride and trepidation. Pride at having successfully completed four long years of study, but trepidation at joining the ever-growing ranks of university graduates fighting for a foothold in an increasingly competitive job market. As I looked around at my fellow classmates, I realized we were part of a much larger phenomenon – the steady rise in the number of people obtaining university degrees.It's a trend that has been building for decades across the world. In many developed countries, over 50% of young adults now have a bachelor's degree or higher. My own country has seen university enrollment triple in the last 30 years alone. What was once considered an elite pathway is rapidly becoming the norm.There are many factors driving this "education revolution," as some have called it. The transition to a knowledge-basedeconomy has made higher education all but essential for accessing many career fields. Governments have invested heavily in increasing access to universities. Cultural attitudes have shifted, putting immense value on obtaining a degree. For my generation, it was simply an expectation from families and society that we would go on to university after high school.On one hand, this proliferation of degree-holders is an incredible achievement for humanity. Higher education rates correlate strongly with key measures of development like economic prosperity, health outcomes, and social progress. The average person today is more knowledgeable and skilled than previous generations. We live in an era when opportunity through education has never been greater.And yet, I can't ignore the growing chorus of voices expressing concern over the implications of so many graduates flooding the job market. With supply outpacing demand in many fields, it has become increasingly difficult to stand out from the crowd. I've had multiple friends struggle to find work commensurate with their level of education or be forced into underemployment in jobs that don't require a degree.This has led some to call into question the value of a university education, at least for certain majors. Why gohundreds of thousands into debt, they argue, if you end up in the same job you could have gotten straight out of high school? The intangible skills like critical thinking and communication are always touted as justification, but many students (myself included at times) have doubted how well these are truly imparted.From my perspective, the crux of the issue is a mismatch between employers' demands and what universities are producing. While a more educated populace is beneficial for society, the current system often fails to adequately prepare graduates for the specific competencies needed in their industries. Academic curricula can be too broad or theoretical, leaving students having to invest in further training. There are structural disconnects between education and the workforce.At the same time, I recognize that higher education was never intended as purely professional preparation. The liberal arts ideal of cultivating well-rounded thinkers and citizens still has relevance. My university experience didn't just impart specific vocational skills, but taught me how to learn, think critically, communicate effectively, and be a lifelong learner –assets that will serve me in any career path I choose.Nonetheless, I think the system could use some rebalancing and closer collaboration between universities and employers. Increased experiential and co-operative learning opportunities. Curricula that blend academic foundations with practical, applied training. Incentivizing degrees tied to in-demand fields. These could help bridge the divide between the hallowed halls of academia and the realities of the modern workforce.Not everyone needs to go the university route either. Trades and vocational training deserve greater promotion and respect as valid pathways. I have immense admiration for my friends who chose those routes and are now skilled tradespeople, pursuing hands-on careers for which a bachelor's degree would have been superfluous. For many, community college or an apprenticeship might better meet their interests and needs than the traditional four-year universityLooking forward, the emerging trend of micro-credentials and alternative micro-degrees could potentially disrupt the status quo. Why spend four years on a single qualification when you could stack career-relevant certifications as needed? Of course, these have their own controversies around quality assurance and credibility. But it's an intriguing option for thegrowing legions of working learners who need education delivered in more bite-sized, tailored ways.As for me, while the future may be uncertain, I'm trying to stay optimistic. Yes, the path won't be easy with so much competition. But I have my degree, a solid knowledge base, and a diverse skill set thanks to my studies. The key will be combining that foundation with strategic self-marketing, networking like crazy, and potentially pursuing further specializations through grad school or professional development.Because at the end of the day, I know my education was invaluable – not just for its professional dimensions, but for how it shaped me as a person. Those four years taught me grit, time management, teamwork, and how to think critically about complex issues (well...most of the time). I forged lifelong friendships, explored diverse perspectives, and grew exponentially from the raw recruit who first stepped onto campus. No salary could measure the worth of that personal growth and transformation.So while the rising tide of degree-holders certainly presents challenges, I prefer to see it as a testament to humanity's thirst for education and self-betterment. The path may be more difficult, but anything worth having requires hard work andperseverance. And if history has shown anything, it's that an educated population possesses the creativity and drive to adapt and progress, no matter what obstacles lie ahead.篇2More and More University Graduates TodayAs I prepare to graduate from university, I can't help but feel both excited and a little apprehensive about my future prospects. The reality is, there are more and more university graduates entering the job market every year, making the competition for good jobs increasingly fierce. But I try to remain hopeful and focus on making the most of the opportunities ahead.When I think back to my first year on campus, I remember feeling a bit lost and unsure of my path. There were so many different degree programs and potential careers to choose from. Ultimately, I decided to pursue a degree in business administration because I was drawn to the diversity of roles it could lead to and the versatility of the skills I would gain.Over the past four years, I've taken a wide range of courses covering everything from accounting and finance to marketing and management. While some classes were more challenging than others, I tried my best to immerse myself fully and absorbas much knowledge as possible. I've also had the chance to gain some real-world experience through internships and case competitions, which have allowed me to apply what I've learned in the classroom to actual business scenarios.One of the most valuable aspects of my university experience has been the opportunity to develop a well-rounded skill set that extends beyond just the technical knowledge gained from my courses. Through group projects, presentations, and leadership roles in student organizations, I've honed my communication, teamwork, and problem-solving abilities – skills that I know will be crucial in any professional setting.As graduation day approaches, I can't help but feel a sense of accomplishment for having successfully navigated the challenges of university life. At the same time, I'm acutely aware of the fact that I'll soon be joining the ranks of the many university graduates vying for jobs in an increasingly competitive job market.Statistics show that the number of university graduates has been steadily increasing in recent years, with more and more young people pursuing higher education in hopes of securing better career opportunities. According to data from the National Center for Education Statistics, the number of bachelor's degreesconferred in the United States has risen by over 25% in the past decade alone.While this trend reflects the growing value placed on education and the pursuit of knowledge, it also means that the job market is becoming increasingly saturated with qualified candidates. Employers now have a larger pool of applicants to choose from, making it more challenging for fresh graduates like myself to stand out and land their dream job.However, I remain optimistic about my prospects. I believe that my well-rounded education, combined with the practical experiences I've gained through internships and extracurricular activities, has equipped me with a diverse set of skills that will make me an attractive candidate to potential employers.Of course, I recognize that having a university degree alone is no longer enough to guarantee success in today's job market. Employers are looking for candidates who not only possess the necessary technical knowledge but also possess the soft skills required to thrive in a professional environment. This includes things like communication, teamwork, adaptability, and problem-solving abilities – all skills that I've had the opportunity to develop and refine during my time at university.Another factor that I believe will work in my favor is my willingness to embrace lifelong learning. In today's rapidly evolving job market, the ability to continuously acquire new knowledge and adapt to changing circumstances is becoming increasingly important. While my formal education may be coming to an end, I am committed to staying up-to-date with the latest trends and developments in my field and continuously seeking opportunities for personal and professional growth.Of course, finding that first job out of university can be a daunting task, especially in a crowded job market. I've already begun the process of updating my resume, polishing my cover letters, and reaching out to my network of contacts to explore potential opportunities. I'm also actively researching companies and industries that align with my interests and career goals, and tailoring my job search accordingly.One advantage that I have is the support and guidance of my university's career services department. They've been invaluable in helping me navigate the job search process, from reviewing my application materials to conducting mock interviews and providing insights into different industries and companies.While the path ahead may not be an easy one, I remain determined and focused on achieving my goals. I know that with hard work, perseverance, and a willingness to adapt and learn, I can overcome the challenges posed by the ever-increasing number of university graduates and carve out a successful career for myself.In the end, I believe that the key to standing out in a crowded job market is to not only possess the necessary technical skills but also to cultivate a well-rounded set of soft skills, embrace lifelong learning, and be proactive in pursuing opportunities that align with your passions and goals.As I prepare to embark on this new chapter of my life, I'm filled with a mix of excitement and trepidation. But I'm also confident in my abilities and determined to make the most of the opportunities that come my way. The road ahead may be challenging, but I'm ready to face it head-on and prove that I have what it takes to succeed in today's competitive job market.篇3More and More University Graduates NowadaysNowadays, it seems like everyone and their neighbor is getting a university degree. The number of students graduatingfrom college has been steadily increasing over the past few decades. While having a large educated population is generally a positive thing for society, this trend does come with some potential drawbacks and concerns that are worth examining.First off, let me just say that I'm really grateful to even have the opportunity to get a university education. My parents didn't go to college and had to work incredibly hard labour-intensive jobs to make ends meet. They've stressed to me since I was little how important it is to get a good education so I can have more opportunities and career options than they did. I know I'm privileged to be able to afford the tuition and I don't take it for granted.That said, I can't help but feel a bit discouraged when I think about the harsh realities of the job market waiting for me after graduation. With so many of my peers also getting degrees, the competition for good entry-level jobs is going to be intense. We're all racking up massive student loan debt yet there's no guarantee any of us will be able to find a career relevant to our field of study when we're done.Employers these days almost seem to view a bachelor's degree as the new high school diploma - the basic minimum requirement rather than an impressive achievement. It'sbecoming harder and harder to stand out in the crowd, even with a 4-year degree from a decent school. More and more job postings are asking for at least a master's, if not a PhD. The costs of education keep going up but the returns on that investment are diminishing.I've also heard lots of employers complain about the lack of job-ready skills and experience in recent graduates. They say that universities aren't properly preparing us for the "real world" and that they have to invest a ton of time and money into training us once hired. From their perspective, they'd rather hire someone with 2-3 years of relevant work experience than a fresh graduate who only knows academic theory.This raises the question of whether the university system is failing both students and employers alike. Are we just being sent expensive piece of paper instead of gaining practical hands-on training? Why isn't there more emphasis on internships, co-ops, and partnering with industry as part of the curriculum? I've heard of some colleges that are better about this than others, but sadly mine doesn't seem to be one of them.Don't get me wrong - I've learned a ton of great critical thinking, research, and communication skills by getting a liberal arts education. But I definitely see the merit in employers'criticisms about job preparedness too. A big part of me wishes I had just pursued an apprenticeship, trades program, or vocational training instead of a traditional 4-year university path. The idea of graduating with little-to-no debt and guaranteed employment is pretty appealing when I think about the crushing student loans myself and so many of my friends are dealing with.The rise of university education was probably an overcorrection for the way things used to be, when only the ultra-wealthy elite had access to higher learning. We've gone from one extreme to the other - encouraging every young person to go into debt getting a degree without enough thought about career outcomes or financial return on investment. Not everyone is meant for or needs a university education, but we've stigmatized vocational training and trades as being for unintelligent kids or dropouts.Like many things in life, we need to find a healthy balanced approach. Not every job requires a bachelor's degree, yet not every career path should be seen as inferior to a university track either. We should embrace having a diversified workforce with people of varying educational backgrounds and skillsets. At the end of the day, what really matters is being well-trained for your chosen profession - whether that's from a 4-year university, a2-year technical college, apprenticeship program, or on-the-job learning experience.I do worry about my cohort of university graduates being hit hard with a reality check after convocation. We've been groomed our whole lives being told we're bright and destined for success if we just check all the boxes. Yet many of us may end up taking whatever jobs we can find and scrambling just to pay rent and chip away at loan debt. It's going to be a harsh wake-up call realizing that our expensive degrees didn't automatically secure us a comfortable upper-middle class life like our parents' generation.What's really frustrating is seeing the degree inflation and raising of requirements for so many career tracks. For instance, you basically need a master's just to be a high school teacher or social worker now in many places. Administrative roles or anything in management often expect you to have an MBA on top of a bachelor's plus 5+ years of work experience. It's becoming way too normalized to stack credentials upon credentials without a level playing field or earning a living wage with just an undergrad degree.Maybe I'm just being cynical from the stress of upcoming graduation. Or maybe I've been a bit too idealistic about thevalue and prestige associated with getting a university education. At the end of the day, it is still a privilege that many don't have access to. An education can never be taken away from you, and nobody can devalue the hard work, knowledge, and skills you've gained along the way.Life is about way more than just credentials or fancy degrees anyway. What really matters is being a good person who works hard, contributes positively to the world, and surrounds yourself with people you care about. As long as I life a life with integrity and purpose while doing work I'm passionate about, does it really matter whether I have 2 degrees or didn't even finish high school? Employers and society may judge me based on my education pedigree, but those closest to me just want me to be happy and fulfilled.At the end of the day, my generation will be trailblazers forging a new path. We may be among the most educated cohorts in history, but that brings about opportunities as well as challenges. We're the ones who will help reshape the workforce, career trajectories, and relationship betweeneducation/credentialism and employment. We get to innovate new ways of doing things that aren't just following tradition. The future hasn't been written yet - we get to write it as we go along.Things may be tough and uncertain right now with way too many university grads chasing too few good jobs. But just like any other point in history when major societal shifts occurred, we'll adapt and persevere. Who knows, maybe we'll end up being a catalyst for positive change in the realm of higher education, careers, and work/life balance. Or maybe we'll fall flat on our faces for a while until the next generation after us gets things right. Only time will tell. But I have hope for my fellow graduates as long as we retain realistic optimism while being thoughtful about the road ahead. We've got this.。

TOEFL托福阅读真题整合

TOEFL托福阅读真题整合

TOEFL托福阅读真题整合托福阅读真题1__ 31Rent control is the system whereby the local government tells building owners how much they can charge their tenants in rent. In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II.In 1943 the federal government imposed rent controls to help solve the problem of housing shortages during wartime. The federal program ended after the war, but in some locations, including New York City, controls continued. Under New York's controls, a landlord generally cannot raise rents on apartments as long as the tenants continue to renew their leases. In places such as Santa Monica, California, rent controls are more recent. They were spurred by the inflation of the 1970's, which, combined with California's rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, as well as rents, to record levels. In 1979 Santa Monica's municipal government ordered landlords to roll back their rents to the levels charged in 1978. Future rents could only go up by two-thirds as much as any increase in the overall price level.In any housing market, rental prices perform three functions: (1) promoting the efficient maintenance of existing housing and stimulating the construction of new housing, (2) allocating existing scarce housing among competing claimants, and (3) rationing use of existing housing by potential renters.One result of rent control is a decrease in the construction of new rental units. Rent controls have artificially depressed the most important long-term determinant of profitability —rents. Consider some examples. In a recent year in Dallas, Texas, with a 16 percent rental vacancy rate but no rent control laws, 11,000 new housing units were built. In the same year, in San Francisco, California, only 2,000 units were built. The major difference? San Francisco has only a 1.6 percent vacancy rate but stringent rent control laws. In New York City, except for government-subsidized construction, the only rental units being built are luxury units, which are exempt from controls. In Santa Monica, California, new apartments are not being constructed. New office rental space and commercial developments are, however. They are exempt from rent controls.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The construction of apartments in the United States.(B) Causes and effects of rent control(C) The fluctuations of rental prices(D) The shortage of affordable housing in the United States.2. The word They in line 9 refers to(A) the tenants(B) their leases(C) places(D) rent controls.3. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the introduction of rent controls in Santa Monica,California?(A) rapid population growth(B) inflation(C) economic conditions during wartime(D) record-high housing prices4. The phrase roll back in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) credit(B) measure(C) vary(D) reduce5. The word stimulating in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) experimenting with(B) identifying(C) estimating(D) encouraging6. It can be inferred that the purpose of rent control is to(A) protect tenants(B) promote construction(C) increase vacancy rates(D) decrease sales of rental units7. The word depressed in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) saddened(B) created(C) lowered(D) defeated8. The information in the last paragraph supports which of the following statements?(A) San Francisco has eliminated its rent control laws.(B) Rent control leads to a reduction in the construction of housing units(C) Luxury apartments are rarely built when there is rent control(D) There is a growing need for government-subsidized housing.9. According to the passage , which of the following cities does NOT currently have rent controls?(A) Santa Monica(B) Dallas(C) San Francisco(D) New York City10. The word stringent in line 23 is closest in meaning to(A) straightforward(B) strict(C) expanded(D) efficient11. According to the passage , which of the following is NOT exempt from rent control?(A) Luxury apartments(B) Commercial development(C) Moderately priced apartments(D) Office space.__ 31 BDCDD ACBBB C托福阅读真题232By 1776 the fine art of painting as it had developed in western Europe up to this time had been introduced into the American colonies through books and prints, European visitors andimmigrants, and traveling colonists who brought back copies (and a few original) of old master paintings and acquaintance with European art institutions.By the outbreak of the Revolution against British rule in 1776, the status of the artists had already undergone change. In the mid-eighteenth century, painters had been willing to assume such artisan-related tasks as varnishing, gilding teaching, keeping shops, and painting wheel carriages, houses, and signs. The terminology by which artists were described at the time suggests their status: limner was usually applied to the anonymous portrait painter up to the 1760's; painter characterized anyone who could paint a flat surface. By the second half of the century, colonial artists who were trained in England or educated in the classics rejected the status of laborer and thought of themselves as artists. Some colonial urban portraitists, such as John Singleton Copley, Benjamin West, and Charles Wilson Peale, consorted with affluent patrons. Although subject to fluctuations in their economic status, all three enjoyed sufficient patronage to allow them to maintain an image of themselves as professional artists, an image indicated by their custom of signing their paintings. A few art collectors James Bowdoin III of Boston, William Byrd of Virginian, and the Aliens andHamiltons of Philadelphia introduced European art traditions to those colonists privileged to visit their galleries, especially aspiring artists, and established in their respective communities the idea of the value of art and the need for institutions devoted to its encouragement.Although the colonists tended to favor portraits, they also accepted landscapes, historical works, and political engravings as appropriate artistic subjects. With the coming of independence from the British Crown, a sufficient number of artists and their works were available to serve nationalistic purposes. The achievements of the colonial artists, particularly those of Copley, West, and Peale, lent credence to the boast that the new nation was capable of encouraging genius and that political liberty was congenial to the development of taste — a necessary step before art could assume an important role in the new republic.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) European influence on colonial American painting(B) The importance of patronage to artist(C) The changing status of artists in the American colonies in the eighteenth century(D) Subjects preferred by artists in the American colonies in theeighteenth century.2. The word outbreak in line 5 is closest in meaning to(A) cause(B) beginning(C) position(D) explanation3. The word undergone in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) led to(B) transformed(C) preferred(D) experienced4. According to the passage , before the American Revolution the main task of limners was to(A) paint wheel carriages(B) paint portraits(C) varnish furniture(D) paint flat surfaces5. I t can be inferred from the passage that artists who were trained in England(A) considered artists to be superior to painters(B) barely painted portraitists(C) were often very wealthy(D) imitated English painters6. The word consorted in line 14 is closest in meaning to(A) made decisions(B) studies(C) agreed(D) associated7. The word sufficient in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) adequate(B) temporary(C) friendly(D) expensive8. According to the passage , artists such as Copley, West and Peal signed their paintings(A) increased the monetary value of the paintings(B) made it more difficult for other artists to copy the paintings(C) supported the artists' image of professionalism(D) distinguished colonial American artists from European artists9. The author mentions James Bowdoin III and William Byrd in line 17 as examples of which ofthe following?(A) Art gallery owners who displayed only European art(B) Art collectors who had a profound influence on American attitudes toward art(C) Artists who gave financial support to other artists(D) Patrons whose helped to encourage artisans to become artists10. With which of the following would the author be most likely to agree?(A) Countries that have not had a political revolution are unlikely to develop great art.(B) The most successful art collectors are usually artists themselves.(C) The value of colonial American paintings decreased after the Revolution.(D) Colonial artists made an important contribution to the evolving culture of the new nation.__ 32 CBDBA DACBD托福阅读真题3__ 33Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing auniversity to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects. Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember.On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question What will I do after graduation? A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision than short-range ones. Focusing on long- range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) A tool to assist in making complex decisions.(B) A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions(C) Research on how people make decisions(D) Differences between long-range and short-range decision making2. The word essential in line 7 is closest in meaning to(A) introductory(B) changeable(C) beneficial(D) fundamental3. The word pertinent in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) relevant(B) preceding(C) insightful(D) responsive4. Of the following steps, which occurs before the others in making a decision worksheet?(A) Listing the consequences of each solution(B) Calculating a numerical summary of each solution(C) Deciding which consequences are most important(D) Writing down all possible solutions5. According to decision-worksheet theory, an optimal decision is defined as one that(A) has the fewest variables to consider(B) uses the most decision worksheets(C) has the most points assigned to it(D) is agreed to by the greatest number of people6. The author develops the discussion in paragraph 1 bymeans of(A) describing a process(B) classifying types of worksheets(C) providing historical background(D) explaining a theory7. The author states that On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds atonce (lines 17-18) to explain that(A) most decisions involve seven steps(B) human mental capacity has limitations(C) some people have difficulty making minor as well as major decisions(D) people can learn to keep more than seven ideas in their minds with practice8. The word succinct in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) creative(B) satisfactory(C) personal(D) concise9. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage(A) Proponents (line 5)(B) Optimal (line 5)(C) Variables (line 17)(D) Long-range goals (line 25)10. The word it in line 24 refers to(A) worksheet(B) problem(C) distinction(D) decision11. The word revise in line 26 is closest in meaning to。

文艺复兴时期三大文学巨匠英文介绍

文艺复兴时期三大文学巨匠英文介绍

《最后的晚餐》作品比较
(1308-1311) (1630)
(1592-1594)
(1863)
(1955)
(1464-1467)
(1480)
(1447-1449)
(1495-1498)
The Last Supper measures 460 cm × 880 cm (180 in × 350 in) and covers an end wall of the dining hall at the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy. The theme was a traditional one forrefectories, although the room was not a refectory at the time that Leonardo painted it. The main church building had only recently been completed (in 1498), but was remodeled by Bramante, hired by Ludovico Sforza to build a Sforza family mausoleum.[1] The painting was commissioned by Sforza to be the centerpiece of the mausoleum.[2] Thelunettes above the main painting, formed by the triple arched ceiling of the refectory, are painted with Sforza coatsof-arms. The opposite wall of the refectory is covered by the Crucifixion fresco by Giovanni Donato da Montorfano, to which Leonardo added figures of the Sforza family in tempera. (These figures have deteriorated in much the same way as has The Last Supper.) Leonardo began work on The Last Supper in 1495 and completed it in 1498—he did not work on the painting continuously. The beginning date is not certain, as the archives of the convent for the period have been destroyed and a document dated 1497 indicates that the painting was nearly completed at that date.[3] One story goes that a prior from the monastery complained to Leonardo about the delay, enraging him. He wrote to the head of the monastery, explaining he had been struggling to find the perfect villainous face for Judas, and that if he could not find a face corresponding with what he had in mind, he would use the features of the prior who complained.

欧洲文化入门考试内容归纳中文版

欧洲文化入门考试内容归纳中文版

《欧洲文化入门》本作者绪论《欧洲文化入门》由于其内容庞杂，琐碎，因而是一门学习起来比较困难的课程。

其实大家大可不必担心，只要我们潜下心去，找出里面的规律和线索，这门课并不难攻克。

我们要牢记文化的五分法：一、社会历史(包括政治、经济、宗教、历史) 二、哲学三、文学四、科学五、艺术(包括绘画、雕塑、建筑和音乐)，以记忆每个时代的各要点为主，理解纵向的变迁为辅，后者主要的作用时帮助我们更好的记住前者。

《欧洲文化入门》的考试大致包括以下几种题型：四选一，填空，判断，简答题，名词解释，论述题。

选择题：这种题型可考查考生的记忆、理解、判断、推理分析，综合比较，鉴别评价等多种能力，评分客观，故常被应用。

在答题时，如果能瞬时准确地把正确答案找出来最好，假如没有把握，就应采用排除法，即应从排除最明显的错误开始，把接近正确答案的备选项留下，再分析比较强以逐一否定最终选定正确答案。

填空题：这种题型常用于考核考生准确记忆的“再现”能力，在答题时，无论有几个空，回答都应明确、肯定，不能含糊其辞，填空题看似容易实则难，最好的应对办法是对英语语言知识中最基本的知识、概念、原理等要牢记。

名词解释：这种题型一般针对英语专业自考本科段课程中的基本概念、专业名词进行命题，主要考核考生的识记、理解能力。

在答题时，答案要简明、概括、准确，如分值较大，可简要扩展。

简答题：这种题型一般围绕基本概论、原理及其联系进行命题，着重考核考生对概念、史实、原理的掌握、辨别和理解能力。

在答题时，既不能像名词解释那样简单，也不能像论述题那样长篇大论，答案要有层次性，列出要点，并加以简要扩展就可以。

论述题：这种题型一般从试卷编制的全局出发，能从体现考试大纲中的重点内容和基本问题的角度来命题，着重考核考生分析、解决实际问题的能力，考核考生综合应用能力和创见性。

在答题时，要仔细审题，列出答案要点，然后对要点逐一展开叙述，此时考生应发挥自己的真知灼见，要在深度，广度上下功。

关于找工作的英语情景口语对话

关于找工作的英语情景口语对话

一工作找得怎么样AHow is your job search going, Janet?珍妮特，你的工作找得怎么样?BI found the ideal position. I’m working for a plumbing company.我找到了一份很理想的工作。

我在一家铅管公司工作。

AAre you serious? You studied mathematics at college for four years, and now you have a job working with your hands!你不是开玩笑的吧?你大学学了4年数学，而现在你在干手工活。

BPlumbing work requires mathematics knowledge, and creativity. I love this job.铅管工作也需要有数学知识，需要有创造力。

我很喜欢这份工作。

AI can see that. But I didn’t know you had experience in that line of work.我看得出来。

但是我还不知道你做过那方面的工作呢。

BI didn’t, but I applied for an apprenticeship, and since I studied math, And I have a good attitude, my application was accepted.我没有做过，但是我申请了做学徒，由于我学过数学，而且我的工作态度也很好，我的申请被接受了。

ACongratulations! You do have the right attitude.祝贺你!你的态度是很不错。

二谈论背景About backgroundANow, Miss Childs passed on your resume to me and I’ve had the chance to look it over and I must say I’m quite impressed.蔡尔兹小姐请把你的简历递给我。

(完整版)新视野大学英语2课文原文和翻译unit7、8

(完整版)新视野大学英语2课文原文和翻译unit7、8

Lighten Your Load and Save Your LifeIf you often feel angry and overwhelmed, like the stress in your life is spinning out of control, then you may be hurting your heart。

如果你常常生气、身心疲乏，好像你生活中的压力正在快速地积聚，将要失去控制，那么你可能是在损害你的心脏了。

If you don't want to break your own heart, you need to learn to take charge of your life where you can—and recognize there are many things beyond your control。

假如你不想损害自己的心脏,你就需要努力学会在力所能及的范围内控制自己的生活──并且承认有许多东西你是无法控制的。

So says Dr. Robert S。

Eliot， author of a new book titled From Stress to Strength：How to Lighten Your Load and Save Your Life. He's a clinical professor of medicine at the University of Nebraska. 这是罗伯特·S。

埃利奥特博士的观点。

他是内布拉斯加大学的临床医学教授，新书《从压力到力量：怎样减轻你的负担，拯救你的生命》的作者。

Eliot says there are people in this world that he calls ”hot reactors”。

For these people, being tense may cause tremendous and rapid increases in their blood pressure。

学徒培训计划英语

学徒培训计划英语

学徒培训计划英语IntroductionThe apprenticeship training program is designed to provide hands-on experience and practical training to individuals seeking to develop skills in a specific trade or profession. This program is ideal for individuals who are looking to gain real-world experience while learning from experienced professionals in their field. It offers a unique opportunity to acquire valuable skills and knowledge through a structured learning environment that combines classroom instruction with on-the-job training.Program OverviewThe apprenticeship training program is a comprehensive and structured learning experience that combines classroom instruction with on-the-job training. The program is designed to provide participants with the necessary skills and knowledge to excel in their chosen field. Apprentices will work under the supervision and mentorship of experienced professionals, gaining real-world experience and practical training in their chosen trade or profession. The program curriculum is designed to cover a wide range of topics, including technical skills, safety procedures, and industry-specific knowledge.Program ObjectivesThe apprenticeship training program aims to achieve the following objectives:1. Provide participants with practical training and hands-on experience in their chosen trade or profession.2. Equip participants with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed in the workplace.3. Develop participants' ability to work effectively in a team and communicate with colleagues and supervisors.4. Instill a strong work ethic and a commitment to excellence in participants.5. Provide participants with the opportunity to learn from experienced professionals in their chosen field.6. Prepare participants for entry-level positions in their chosen trade or profession upon completion of the program.Program StructureThe apprenticeship training program is structured to provide participants with a well-rounded learning experience that combines classroom instruction with on-the-job training. The program is typically divided into multiple phases, each of which focuses on different aspects of the chosen trade or profession. Participants will spend a portion of their time in a classroom setting, where they will receive instruction in technical skills, safety procedures,and industry-specific knowledge. The remainder of their time will be spent working under the supervision and mentorship of experienced professionals, gaining practical training and hands-on experience.Apprentices will be assigned to a mentor who will guide and supervise their on-the-job training. The mentor will provide feedback and support to help participants develop their skills and knowledge. Throughout the program, participants will have the opportunity to work on real projects and contribute to the day-to-day operations of the workplace. This hands-on experience will allow them to apply their classroom learning in a real-world setting and gain valuable skills and knowledge.Program CurriculumThe program curriculum is designed to cover a wide range of topics that are relevant to the chosen trade or profession. The curriculum is carefully crafted to provide participants with the skills and knowledge they need to excel in the workplace. It includes instruction in technical skills, safety procedures, industry-specific knowledge, and soft skills such as teamwork and communication.Technical Skills: Participants will receive instruction in the technical skills that are essential for their chosen trade or profession. This may include hands-on training in equipment operation, machinery maintenance, construction techniques, or other industry-specific skills.Safety Procedures: Safety is a top priority in any workplace, and participants will receive comprehensive instruction in safety procedures and best practices. This will include training in the proper use of personal protective equipment, hazard identification, emergency procedures, and other safety-related topics.Industry-Specific Knowledge: Participants will learn about the specific processes, regulations, and best practices that are relevant to their chosen trade or profession. This may include instruction in industry standards, regulations, and quality control procedures.Soft Skills: In addition to technical skills, participants will also receive instruction in soft skills that are essential for success in the workplace. This may include training in teamwork, communication, problem-solving, and time management.Program LengthThe length of the apprenticeship training program will vary depending on the chosen trade or profession. Typically, the program will last for a period of one to five years, during which participants will receive a combination of classroom instruction and on-the-job training. The program length is carefully designed to provide participants with the necessary skills and knowledge to excel in their chosen field.Program AssessmentParticipants in the apprenticeship training program will be assessed through a combination of written exams, practical assessments, and performance evaluations. These assessments are designed to measure the participants' understanding of the program curriculum and their ability to apply their skills and knowledge in a real-world setting.Written Exams: Participants will be required to take written exams to assess their understanding of the program curriculum. These exams will cover a range of topics, including technical skills, safety procedures, and industry-specific knowledge.Practical Assessments: Participants will also be required to complete practical assessments to demonstrate their ability to apply their skills and knowledge in a real-world setting. This may include tasks such as equipment operation, machinery maintenance, or construction techniques.Performance Evaluations: Throughout the program, participants will receive performance evaluations from their mentor and other supervising professionals. These evaluations will assess the participants' ability to work effectively in a team, communicate with colleagues and supervisors, and contribute to the day-to-day operations of the workplace.Upon successful completion of the program, participants will receive a certificate or other credential that recognizes their achievement and demonstrates their readiness for entry-level positions in their chosen trade or profession.ConclusionThe apprenticeship training program offers a unique opportunity for individuals to gain hands-on experience and practical training in their chosen trade or profession. It is designed to provide participants with the necessary skills and knowledge to excel in the workplace, while also offering the opportunity to learn from experienced professionals. By combining classroom instruction with on-the-job training, the program offers a well-rounded learning experience that prepares participants for entry-level positions in their chosen field. Whether in construction, healthcare, manufacturing, or any other industry, the apprenticeship training program is an ideal way for individuals to develop their skills and launch a successful career.。

全新版大英综合第二册TextA课文翻译(中英逐段对照版)

全新版大英综合第二册TextA课文翻译(中英逐段对照版)

Unit 1 Learning Styles学习风格Howard Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West.哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行，阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。

Learning, Chinese-StyleHoward Gardner中国式的学习风格霍华德·加德纳1 For a month in the spring of 1987, my wife Ellen and I lived in the bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing with our 18-month-old son Benjamin while studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing.1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。

然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。

九年级历史文化发展英语阅读理解25题

九年级历史文化发展英语阅读理解25题

九年级历史文化发展英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>Ancient Egypt is one of the most fascinating civilizations in history. The ancient Egyptians made remarkable achievements in various fields.They were masters of architecture. The pyramids are the most famous symbols of ancient Egypt. These massive structures were built as tombs for the pharaohs. The construction of the pyramids required great engineering skills and a large workforce.In addition to architecture, the ancient Egyptians also excelled in art. Their wall paintings and sculptures are known for their beauty and detail. Many of these artworks depict scenes from daily life, religious ceremonies, and battles.The social structure of ancient Egypt was hierarchical. At the top were the pharaohs, who were considered divine beings. Below the pharaohs were the nobles, priests, and officials. The common people made up the largest part of the population and worked as farmers, artisans, and laborers.Religion played a central role in ancient Egyptian society. The ancient Egyptians believed in many gods and goddesses. They built temples to worship these deities and performed elaborate religious ceremonies.The civilization of ancient Egypt had a profound influence on latercultures. Many of their achievements, such as their writing system (hieroglyphics), architecture, and art, have inspired generations of people.1. The pyramids were built as tombs for ___.A. noblesB. priestsC. pharaohsD. artisans答案：C。

父母对孩子的期望英语作文

父母对孩子的期望英语作文

父母对孩子的期望英语作文Parents often hold high expectations for their children which can be both a source of motivation and pressure. Writing an essay on this topic allows us to explore the various aspects of parental expectations and their impact on childrens growth and development.Title The Expectations Parents Have for Their ChildrenIn every society parents play a pivotal role in shaping the future of their children. The expectations they set can be a doubleedged sword providing both guidance and stress. This essay will delve into the nature of these expectations their origins and the effects they have on childrens lives.IntroductionThe hopes and dreams that parents have for their offspring are as old as humanity itself. From the desire for academic excellence to the pursuit of professional success these expectations are deeply rooted in cultural values personal aspirations and societal norms. The introduction of this essay will set the stage for a discussion on the complex dynamics between parental expectations and child development.The Roots of Parental ExpectationsParental expectations stem from various sources. Cultural backgrounds often dictate the values and achievements that are deemed important. For instance in some cultures academic success is highly prized while in others artistic or athletic prowess may be more valued. Additionally parents own unfulfilled dreams and aspirations can influence their expectations for their children. This section will explore the different origins of parental expectations and how they are formed.The Positive Impact of ExpectationsHigh expectations can serve as a powerful motivator for children. When parents believe in their childrens abilities and potential it can inspire them to strive for excellence and work hard to achieve their goals. This part of the essay will discuss the positive outcomes of having high expectations such as increased selfesteem a strong work ethic and a sense of purpose.The Negative Impact of ExpectationsConversely unrealistic or excessively high expectations can lead to negative consequences. Children may feel overwhelmed by the pressure to meet their parents hopes leading to stress anxiety and even a fear of failure. This section will examine the potential negative impacts of high parental expectations including the risk of low selfesteem perfectionism and a lack of selfworth.Balancing Expectations with SupportStriking a balance between setting high expectations and providing adequate support is crucial. Parents must learn to encourage their children without imposing undue stress. This section will offer strategies for parents to balance expectations such as open communication setting realistic goals and celebrating small victories.ConclusionIn conclusion while parental expectations are an inevitable part of childrearing it is essential to approach them with sensitivity and understanding. By recognizing the potential benefits and pitfalls parents can foster an environment that nurtures their childrens growth without stifling their individuality or happiness.Recommendations for Future ResearchThis essay will conclude with recommendations for future research such as exploring the longterm effects of parental expectations on adult children and investigating the role of cultural differences in shaping these expectations.By examining the topic of parental expectations this essay aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the delicate balance that must be maintained to ensure the healthy development of children in the face of their parents aspirations.。

antithesis修辞的英语例句

antithesis修辞的英语例句

antithesis修辞的英语例句Antithesis is a rhetorical device that involves contrasting ideas within a sentence or a paragraph. It creates a sense of balance and highlights the stark differences between two opposing concepts. Here are a few examples of antithesis in English:1. 'It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.' - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two CitiesIn this famous opening line, Dickens contrasts the positive and negative aspects of life, emphasizing the duality of the era in which the story is set.2. 'To err is human, to forgive divine.' - Alexander Pope, An Essay on CriticismPope uses antithesis to underscore the human tendency to make mistakes and the divine act of forgiveness that can transcend our flawed nature.3. 'Give me liberty or give me death.' - Patrick Henry, Speech to the Virginia ConventionHenry employs antithesis to show the extreme choices that must be made in the pursuit of freedom, emphasizing the importance of liberty above all else.4. 'Love is an ideal thing, marriage a real thing.' - JohannWolfgang von Goethe, Wilhelm Meister's ApprenticeshipGoethe contrasts the romantic notion of love with the practicality and challenges of marriage, highlighting the contrasting nature of these two concepts.5. 'That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.' - Neil Armstrong, Apollo 11 Moon LandingIn this famous quote, Armstrong uses antithesis to underline the significance of the moon landing, emphasizing the individual action of taking a small step and its greater impact on humanity as a whole.Antithesis is a powerful tool in rhetoric as it creates a strong impact by presenting contrasting ideas side by side. It helps to add depth and complexity to writing, making it more engaging and thought-provoking for the reader.。

个人品质英语作文

个人品质英语作文

Personal qualities are the traits and characteristics that define an individuals behavior and attitude.They are essential in shaping ones identity and influencing their interactions with others.Here are some key personal qualities that are often highlighted in English compositions:1.Integrity:This is the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.It involves telling the truth,keeping promises,and being accountable for ones actions.2.Resilience:Resilience is the ability to recover quickly from difficulties.It is about being able to bounce back from setbacks and maintain a positive outlook despite challenges.3.Empathy:Empathy is the capacity to understand and share the feelings of others.It involves putting oneself in anothers shoes and responding with kindness and compassion.4.Humility:Humility is the quality of being modest and not overly proud or selfimportant.It involves recognizing ones own limitations and being open to learning from others.5.Creativity:Creativity is the ability to think of new ideas,concepts,or ways of doing things.It is about being innovative and finding unique solutions to problems.6.Responsibility:Taking responsibility means being accountable for ones actions and decisions.It involves being reliable and dependable in fulfilling commitments.7.Perseverance:Perseverance is the quality of continuing to try and achieve a goal despite facing obstacles.It is about having determination and not giving up easily.8.Adaptability:Adaptability is the ability to adjust to new conditions or changes easily.It involves being flexible and open to new experiences and ideas.9.Curiosity:Curiosity is the desire to learn or know more about something.It drives individuals to explore,ask questions,and seek knowledge.10.Teamwork:Teamwork is the collaborative effort of a group to achieve a common goal or to complete a task in the most effective and efficient way.11.Leadership:Leadership is the ability to guide,influence,and inspire others towards achieving a common goal.It involves taking initiative and making decisions that benefit the group.12.Selfdiscipline:Selfdiscipline is the ability to control ones emotions and actions.It is about setting goals and working diligently to achieve them,even when faced with distractions or temptations.13.Openmindedness:Openmindedness is the willingness to consider new ideas and perspectives.It involves being receptive to different viewpoints and being willing to change ones own opinions when presented with compelling evidence.14.Kindness:Kindness is the quality of being friendly,generous,and considerate.It is about treating others with respect and compassion.15.Confidence:Confidence is the belief in ones own abilities and the conviction that one can successfully achieve a goal or task.It involves being selfassured and not easily swayed by the opinions of others.In an English composition,these qualities can be discussed in various contexts,such as personal growth,professional development,or social interactions.They can be illustrated through examples,anecdotes,or reflections on how these qualities have positively impacted ones life or the lives of others.。

《大卫

《大卫

AbstractCharles Dickens is a great master of critical realism in nineteenth century. His works have great influence on world literature. In his works, he depicted the social life of Victorian Age in nineteenth century, and exposed social phenomenon. His works gave strong smack of social reality. His favorite work David Copperfield has been recognized as Bildungsroman.By analyzing David Copperfield from the perspective of Bildungsroman，this thesis mainly deals with the process of the growth of David Copperfield, which reflects the realization of individual ideal in the Victorian Age. The thesis is made up of four parts. The first chapter is introduction of Dickens, the main achievements of David Copperfield at home and aboard in recent years and the thesis statement. The second part chapter briefly introduces the concept of Bildungsroman. The third chapter makes a general overview of realization of David‘s ideal.The fourth chapter draws the conclusion that the growth connection with knowledge, money, social standing and love and marriage in Victorian Age. This thesis was significant for us to study the relationship between one‘s growth and social background.Keywords:Charles Dickens; David Copperfield; Bildungsroman;摘要查尔斯•狄更斯是十九世纪伟大的批判现实主义作家。

文艺复兴时期文学作品赏析(一)2012

文艺复兴时期文学作品赏析(一)2012

Remarks:
• Ben Jonson: he was not of an age, but for all time!”
Robert Greene: there is an upstart Crow, beautified with our Feathers, that with his Tiger’s heart wrapped in a Player’s hide, supposes he is as well able to bombast out a blank verse as the best of you: and being an absolute Johannes factotum, is in his own conceit the only Shake-scene in a country. 一只暴发户乌鸦靠我们的羽毛装饰自己，用演员的皮包藏起虎狼 之心，自以为装腔作势地写几句无韵诗就可以与你们中的姣姣者 媲美，他是个十足的《打杂者》，却自命为举国唯一震撼剧坛 的人物。”
• Life: • born in Stratford-on-Avon, a small town to the northwest of London. • born on the 23rd of April, 1564, in Stratford-onAvon, Warwickshire (沃里克郡艾汶河畔的斯特拉 福镇). • He got education in a local grammar school for a few years. There he picked up the “small Latin and less Greek”.
• 2. The second period (1595-1600)------- mature period of “great comedies” and historical plays; The second period is a period of rapid growth and development, dating from 1595 to 1600. Such plays as Midsummer Night’s Dream (1595), Romeo and Juliet (1596), The Merchant of Venice (1597), the two parts of Henry IV (1597-1598), As You Like it (1598), Julius Caesar (1599), and Henry V (1599), were all written in this period. They show more careful and artistic work, better plot, and a marked increase in the knowledge of human nature.

哈佛大学幸福课21课中英文双语字幕笔记

哈佛大学幸福课21课中英文双语字幕笔记

Harvard Positive Psychology 21Relationship and Self-esteemYou know this story about Gertrude Stein, and she was taking philosophy class with William James, right here in the Art.你们都听过格特鲁德.斯泰因的这个故事，她那时上William James的哲学课，就在哈佛拉德克利夫学院。

And they had their final exam. And it was spring semester course. And she comes into the exam. And it’s a day like today.要期末考试了，她上的是春季班，她来到考场，就跟今天一样是个晴朗的日子。

And the exam is about metaphysics, and the meaning of life. So she ope ns the exam and writes, “Today is too beautifu l a day to take an exam.” And she walks out.于是她打开试卷，写道：“多么美好的一天，不应该浪费在考试上。

”然后走出了教室。

,And you know, as legend has it of course she gets a straight A in William James’ class.而且传说William James的课程她全A通过。

Don’t use that as an example or an excuse later on i n this semester. But I really appreciate you being here today.本学期考试时不要学她或者拿她当借口，不过我真的很感谢各位今天出席。

工匠精神作文英语作文

工匠精神作文英语作文

工匠精神作文英语作文什么是工匠精神，我们为什么需要工匠精神？因为他代表着一个时代的气质，坚定、踏实、精益求精。

下面是店铺为大家整理的工匠精神英语作文，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢!工匠精神作文英语作文篇1Work is a kind of practice, the only necessity in the world is no chance!By 2012, there were 3146 companies in Japan with a life span of more than 200 years, the largest in the world, 837 in Germany, 222 in Holland and 196 in France. Is it a chance for these long - lived enterprises to pile up in these countries? What is the secret of their longevity? We have studied that they are all inheriting a spirit - the spirit of the craftsman!Many people think that the craftsman is a kind of mechanically repeated worker, but the craftsman has a more profound meaning. He represents the temperament of an age, steadfast, steadfast and refined. Craftsmen do not have to be entrepreneurs. But most successful entrepreneurs have the craftsmans spirit.The "craftsman spirit" can be seen from the example of the Swiss tabemaker. Swiss watchmakers carefully polish and polish every part, every process and watch, and their intention to create products is the spirit and idea of craftsmen. In the eyes of the craftsmen, only on the quality of excellence, for the manufacture of perfect, strict in demands pursuing, in addition, no other. It is with the intent of specific artisan spirit, to world famous Swiss watches, selling the world and become a classic.The spirit of the craftsman is not a Swiss patent, and Japanese style management has a trick: with a better attitude, thespirit of a love of work is passed down from one generation to another. This spirit is actually the "craftsman spirit".The core of the so-called craftsman spirit is not only to regard work as a tool for making money, but to set up a spirit of persisting in work, doing things and producing products, strives for perfection and craftsmanship. Among many Japanese enterprises, the craftsmanship spirit forms a common cultural and ideological value between leaders and employees, and thus creates the endogenous driving force of enterprises.Oscar was in the Japanese film "departures". A cello teacher laid off to the funeral hall when a funeral division, through his reach the acme of perfection makeup artistry with a body, was dressed up like alive falling asleep. He was also praised by the people. The success of the funeral division of the speech is: when you do something, you must follow it to establish a kind of complex come come dont reject it, take it as a life, spiritual life body, intentions to communicate with it.The methods used by the craftsmen to create value"Craftsman" is a highly skilled man. In Europe, the apprenticeship tradition of Germany has cultivated the best craftsmen and the top Swiss watches. They are all made up of craftsmen, one part and one part. The spirit of the craftsman is to pursue the spirit of the extreme, and to be professional and focused.In this age of "the spirit of the merchant". Both individuals and businesses face huge challenges for survival. For example, some enterprises based on Shanzhai products can survive when the external environment is good, but once the external environment becomes bad, enterprises will easily go bankrupt immediately.The core factor of the enterprise is human, and the way out of this dilemma is to cultivate the "craftsman spirit" of the enterprise. The craftsmen continue to carve their products and constantly improve their craft, and they are enjoying the process of sublimation in the hands of the products. Other companies interested in money - do die of a product - a new money -". But the enterprises that create "craftsman spirit" are satisfied with their spiritual needs on the other hand. They are constantly improving and perfecting their products, and finally exist in a form that is consistent with their strict requirements.The craftsman works for money, but the craftsman does not work for the money. The work of a person is the expression of the attitude of others, and the career of a life is the expression and ideal of his ambition.The artisan spirit is not exotic, "Chuang-tzu" were recorded in a "Paodingjieniu" story.The chef slaughtered cattle for Liang Hui. With his hand, shoulder the place the foot on the top of the local place, knees, rattled, feed excluded excluded, there is no temperament.Wang Hui Wang asked, "how can you overcome the technology of cattle to this degree?"The chef replied that he was in contact with the spirit of the cow instead of his eyes, according to the original construction of the body of the cow. Insert a gap with a thin blade. For nineteen years, his blade was as sharp as he had just worn out of a grindstone.The chef also said: whenever the bones and bones interlaced, it was difficult to place the knife. He carefully concentrated his attention. His eyesight was concentrated to a point. The movement slowed down, and the knife was very light.Paodingjieniu story tell people a reason to do anything to do heart to God, can reach the peak of perfection realm, reach the acme of perfection. Look at the famous Swiss watch and bring the technology to the top. The top quality has made the top brands.The work of the craftsman in the action of understanding the fun of practiceThe craftsmans spirit is not a slogan, it exists in every person, in the heart. For a long time, due to the lack of insistence, pursuit and accumulation of boutique, our personal growth path is rugged, and the way of organization development is full of punishment. This lack also makes the lasting innovation difficult, and makes the evergreen industry become rare. Therefore, in the era of growing shortage of resources, it is the only way for survival and development to reclaim the spirit of craftsmen and rebuild the spirit of craftsmen.工匠精神作文英语作文篇2Big craftsman, imaginative. Craftsmen depend on the inheritance and research of technology, the dedication and firmness of their work. This also confirms the truth of "conscientiously doing things right, and doing things well by heart". Thousands of jobs, with no exception whatsoever.In the meantime, I have been in the factory for 6 years. The first job after entering the factory is sampling, which is mainly responsible for providing experimental materials for the experimenter. At that time, I felt that I was engaged in a monotonous job, without much technical content, and I called myself a fabric porter. Later, I became an experimenter, and after I did the experiment, I realized the importance of the sampling. Since only representative samples are taken, the test results willbe more valuable.In the past six years, every job adjustment has been a challenge for me. The new start means a new journey, but no matter how the position changes, we must keep a consistent attitude towards work. No matter what work you face, you need to sink your heart and do it on a solid basis. As the saying goes, "if you want to float, you must go down first." In my side there are many on the job more than 20 years old employees, they made every dish and work diligently, in the extraordinary position unknown to the public this spirit is worthy of my learning.Carry forward the "artisan spirit" in any era will not become obsolete, we need to treat the work, the practice of "post on their own artisan spirit", and strive to become the various types of a new era of craftsmen.工匠精神作文英语作文篇3The "craftsman spirit" can not be realized because it is "Virtue", not "talent". "Virtue" can only be understood subjectively, but it cannot be objectively judged. You must take "Virtue" as the standard instead of "Cai" as the standard. The final result must be that whoever has good relationship with the media and who has good relationship with the local government will have the craftsman spirit.Lets see what does this word mean: Artisan spirit, refers to the craftsmen for their products carved, the spirit of excellence concept.The concrete point is that the craftsmen continue to carve their own products, constantly improve their craft, and enjoy the process of sublimation of their products in their hands. Craftsmen have high requirements for details, pursue perfectionand perfection, persist in pursuit of quality products, and raise their quality from 99% to 99 and 99%.Unlike the 4 and 0 industry is not so complicated, so big data cloud. And the reason that such a simple concept is going to be so hot in China is more simple, and even the prime minister has to admit that we dont have this.As for why the Germans and Japanese have craftsmens spirit, but we Chinese are not, all kinds of scholars have different opinions. In the end, there is a conclusion: Germanic people are cattle, national character is preciseness, and peoples spiritual realm is high.This seems to make sense, but the rabbit carefully studied history and found a little problem. East Germany is a Germanic man! The most important reason for the collapse of the East German economy is the poor quality of the products, the loss of the market of the socialist camp and the failure to withstand the competition in the West. Is this the Germanic spirit is the craftsman or by the West Village East Village separated?What will the craftsman spirit bring to the Chinese manufacturing? In fact, high speed iron is a good model. Great Xiao Lin has a deep feeling about it. He believed that China began to make high-speed railway since more than ten years ago. Now many parts of the world have been leading the world, because the high-speed rail practitioners always adhere to the spirit of craftsmen under the states attention. The government work report also mentioned the need to increase variety, quality and brand. Zhao Ping believes that this means that enterprises and employees can not only take care of the short-term benefits, but also take into account the long-term social benefits. Sun Mingbo, taking Tsingtao Brewerys experience of creating an internationalbrand as an example, said that we must concentrate on what we cannot do to make money and firmly grasp the main line of brand so as to have potential for development."The craftsmanship spirit has pointed out the direction for Chinese manufacturing. For our practitioners, this is a revelation, that is the time to make transformation and upgrading in China." Li Linghong regards this as part of the structural reform of the supply side. He analyzed that our country can create many sophisticated equipment, but for a long time, the community did not attach importance to the spirit of craftsmen, which resulted in overproduction of many products, but the quality was not good enough. "When upgrading, we should vigorously promote the spirit of the craftsman, Chinese manufacturing can become a famous brand, real world."Today, what we really want to learn is the craftsman system, the custom of making the craftsmen in the manufacturing industry with the system, and then subliming the craftsmans habit to the craftsmans spirit.The system - the habit - the spirit, this is the only way to make the Renaissance in China, and this road can not rely on the Confucianists and must rely on the Legalists.Do not use the romantics of "craftsman spirit" to cover up the lack of the "craftsman system".工匠精神作文英语作文篇4Today, every product’s asking for earning more profits in the shortest time, so the manufacturers sell cheap products to the customers. The chasing of profit makes people lose their patience to create products wi th higher quality. The craftsman’s spirit seems to fade away.现在，每一种产品都要求在最短的时间内获得最大的利润，所以制造商们将廉价的产品卖给了顾客。

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Developmental aspects Contractual status Participation in industrial disputes Payment system Pay level
6
Types of evidence
• Rules: how things are supposed to be
Gonon, P. 2009, The Quest for Modern Vocational Education? Georg Kerschensteiner between Dewey, Weber and Simmel. (Berne); Winch, C. (2019), ‘Georg Kerschensteiner – founding the dual system in Germany’, Oxford Review of Education, 32(3), 381-96. 3
8
2. Contractual status
CH Contract type (training, employment)
Both: training contract with employment rights Fixed-term
DE
GB
IT
Employment contract
Both: Employment training contract (and contract, Apprenticeemployment ship rights agreement) Mixed Mixed
n.a.
6.1b
(2019)
0.2 (2019) 17.6 (2009)
33.0
(2009)
Ryan et al (2019): GB: DS/SFR 12, October 2019, and 157 Group, Expanding Apprenticeships, p.11 ; Italy: ISFOL, Monitoraggio sull'apprendistato. XI Rapporto, 2019; a. includes any services provided to or for Apprentices; b. 24+ yrs
– Law – Collective agreements They show how far the ideal affects intentions
• Practices: how things are
They show how far the ideal affects realities
7
1. Developmental attributes
• Economic: production-oriented training • Employment relations: conflicting interests at the workplace • The social status of the apprentice
4
Evidence: place and time
– Pedagogical: motivation, cognition – Skills learned: closeness to production
• A case for
– A hybrid role for the apprentice? – A distinct role for the apprentice?
2
The apprenticeship ideal
• A combination of
– Types of learning: theory and practice – Locations: classroom and workplace – Roles: student and worker
• Benefits
Ideal and real
Obstacles to acceptance and implementation of the ideal: • Pedagogical
– Motivation and cognition – Co-operation by colleges and employers
CH
DE 100 19.4
(2019)
GB <33a 19.3
(2019)
IT
Part-time formal schooling received
(% apprentices)
100
38
Mean age of entry
(years)
17.6
(2019)
24.0
(2009)
Share (%) of adult (25+) entrants
The apprenticeship ideal and the standing of the apprentice: evidence for four countries
Paul Ryan King’s College Cambridge SKOPE Away Day, Oxford, 24 Nov 2019
What is ‘apprenticeship’?
• A form of work-based learning • Not just work-based learning • A programme of learning that
– combines part-time vocational education with training and experience at the workplace – results in an exterቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱally recognised vocational qualification
• Countries
Primary
– Germany (DE) – Britain (GB: England & Wales)
Secondary
– Switzerland (CH) – Italy (IT)
• Period
– Current – Since WW2
5
Attributes considered
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