英语专业8级标准听力-BBC News_96【声音字幕同步PPT】
《英语专八听力技巧》课件
Practice
Practice listening to recordings and taking notes quickly and accurately to improve your skills.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
1 Spelling Errors
Double-check your spelling to avoid losing points for spelling errors.
1 Assuming Information
Don't assume the missing information in the conversation; it may be completely different from your understanding.
2 Missing Details
Practice Exercises for Note-taking
Practice taking notes by listening to recordings and reviewing your notes afterwards. Focus on improving your speed and accuracy with each exercise.
Ignoring Context
Understand the context of the dialogue before listing - context clues may help you choice the right option
Guessing
Answer confidently and don't guess the answer based solely on incomplete information.
专八标准听力1000题-Model Test 01【声音字幕同步PPT】
Generally, it is agreed that no one version is correct,
however, there are certainly preferences in use.
The three major differences between American and British English are: pronunciation differences in both vowel
in standard American English. Other differences involving the use of the
present perfect in British English and simple past in American English include already, just and yet. In British English: I've just had lunch.
burnt OR burned, dream dreamt OR dreamed, learn learnt
OR learned,
smell smelt OR smelled, spell spelt OR spelled,
spill spilt OR spilled, spoil spoilt OR spoiled. However, the irregular form is generally more common in British English (the first form of the two) and the regular form is more common to American English.
《英语专八听力技巧》PPT课件
h
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平时训练方法
听懂主题 理清逻辑顺序,有选择的记笔记,而不 是什么都记。 注意讲座的开头,一般讲座都会开门见 山指出主题和分几点做出分析。 决定如何利用草稿纸
h
24
提高长时间记忆力 a. 目的性记忆 b. 复述记忆 c. 关键词句记忆
Hale Waihona Puke h25提高记笔记能力
a. 把握讲座的结构: 垂直或阶梯式,要留 空间。
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常用的符号
+ : many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc. ++(+2) more +3 most
- : little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc.
× :wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious ,negative, etc.
h
14
Commonly reduced sounds
There are a lot of commonly reduced sounds in American accent. While you’re listening to the following parts of the recording and repeat. To/at/it/for/from/in/an/and/or/are/your/one /the/a/of/can/had/would/was/what/some Most of the vowels like/æ /,/a:/,etc. would be reduced into /ə/
b. 了解出题意图:一般细节题会占5分左 右;但要注意词性的转换、思维角度的 转换
英语专业8级标准听力-VOA News_30【声音字幕同步PPT】
Union lawyer Jean-Paul Tessionniere blamed working conditions at the
company for the suicides. A February report by the French labor
More than 40 France Telecom employees have taken their lives since 2008.
Unions say that includes a dozen suicides this year alone.
The probe by the Paris prosecutor's office follows a court complaint
grappling with employee suicides. But because of the numbers of employee
deaths and the media attention they have
attracted, critics say France Telecom's problems
have emerged as a warning story about the downsides of valuing productivity and growth over employee well being.
英语专业8级标准听力-VOA News_30
For some, the wave of suicides at France Telecom
BBC新闻100篇-BBC-News-Item-100【声音翻译同步PPT】
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
A new study on climate change says catastrophic 4 degree rise in global temperature is increasingly likely to occur within many people's lifetimes.
这可能意味着某些地区的降雨急剧下降,其他地 区的洪水泛滥,世界上大约一半的动植物物种灭 绝。
一项有关气候变化的新研究表明,在许多人的一生中, 全球气温急剧升高的4度越来越有可能发生。
这些研究是由全球领先的监测气候变化的研究机构之 一,英国的哈德利中心(Hadley Center)编写的。
保罗·哈珀(Paul Harper)报告。
This latest prediction from the Hadley Centre brings the prospect of devastating change much closer. He challenges the assumption that severe warming is a threat only for future generations.
A four degree average temperature rise by the 2050s would bring increases of 10 degrees or more in some areas such as the Arctic and Africa.
哈德利中心(Hadley Center)的最新预测使毁灭性变 化的前景更加接近。 他质疑严重的变暖仅对子孙后代 构成威胁这一假设。
【英语专业八级听力考试中新闻英语的特点】 英语专业八级听力
【英语专业八级听力考试中新闻英语的特点】英语专业八级听力摘要:英语专业八级听力考试中,新闻英语部分语速较快、信息量大,一直以来,新闻听力是英语专业八级听力测试部分的难点,也是失分较多的部分。
本文笔者将对英语专业八级听力考试中新闻的文体特征进行具体阐述,帮助考生更好地理解八级英语新闻。
关键词:英语八级考试新闻英语新闻特征TEM-8(英语专业八级考试)听力理解的其中一部分是News Broadcast(新闻报道)。
这部分材料一般由新闻报道、短评或讲话等组成,多选自VOA和BBC,题材广泛,涉及政治、军事、经贸、科技、文化、社会生活等各个方面。
本部分旨在测试学生能否听懂标准英语新闻中的各类报道。
根据《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》规定, News Broadcast部分含有若干段VOA或BBC新闻,每段新闻后有若干道试题,共5题。
录音语速约为每分钟120个单词,听力材料只读一遍,目的是“测试学生获取口头信息的能力”。
笔者经过对教学和历年真题的分析,总结了专业八级新闻听力的一些特点和规律。
TEM-8新闻听力考试材料的来源和题材的特点英语新闻作为一种语言测试题型也是语言在现实生活中真实运用的体现。
英语专业八级听力考试中新闻的内容基本上来自VOA或BBC等国外知名传媒节目中学生熟悉的一般新闻报道、短评或讲话等。
题材多样化,篇章短小,主题单一。
在题材上不会给考生造成障碍,其目的只是测试考生从VOA或BBC获取新闻的能力。
TEM-8新闻听力考试材料的文体结构英语专业八级中的新闻听力考试所使用的材料一般为倒金字塔结构。
所谓“倒金字塔”(the Inverted Pyramid)结构,也称为倒叙法,这种形式按英语新闻内容的重要性程度报道新闻事件,开门见山地报道最重要的新闻事实,次重要、次要的内容随后,最次要的放在最后。
考生即使不听全文也能知道该新闻的核心部分,即按英语新闻事实重要程度由要点到细节逐步扩展,安排全文。
英语专业8级标准听力-VOA News_91【声音字幕同步PPT】
You'd show me the world But all I've seen of this old world
Is a bed and a doctor bill I'm tearin' down your brooder house
Those laws were rendered invalid for married women
by a 1965 Supreme Court decision and the ruling was expanded in 1972 to
cover all women. In the post-World War II baby boom era,
were married."
It gradually became clear that the Pill was not a panacea for all those
societal ills. It did not stem overpopulation, cut poverty, lower the divorce rate or put an end to unwanted pregnancies.
'Cause now I've got the pill.
When the Pill hit the market in 1960, 30 states had laws restricting
the advertising and sale of contraceptives. Two states banned them outright.
1996年英语专业八级考试听力MP3
1996年英语专业八级考试听力MP3TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (1996) GRADE EIGHTPAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (40 MIN)In sections A , B and C, you will hear everythingONCE ONLY, listen carefully a nd then answer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct response foreach question on your Colored Answer Sheet.SECTION A TALKQuestions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section. Atthe end of the talk you will be given 15 seconds toanswer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the talk.1. The speaker thinks that .A. car causes pollution only in some citiesB. 60% of the cities are affected by car pollutionC. 90% of the city residents suffer from car pollutionD. car is the main contributing factor in polluting air2. Which of the following is not mentioned as a cause of car pollution?A. Car tyres.B. Car engines.C. Car horns.D. Car brakes.3. Which of the following is not cited as a means to reduce the number of cars?A. To pass laws to control the use of cars.B. To improve public transport systems.C. To increase car tax and car price.D. To construct effective subway systems.4. One of the mechanical solutions to car pollution is .A. to change the mechanical structure of fuelB. to improve on the exhaust pipeC. to experiment with new enginesD. to monitor the amount of chemicals5. According to the speaker. a sensible way to solve car pollution is that we shouldA. focus on one method onlyB. explore some other alternativesC. improve one of the four methodsD. integrate all of the four methods-SECTION B INTERVIEWQuestions 6 to 10 are based on an interview with an architect. At the end o f the interview you will be given 13 seconds to answer each of the following fi ve questions. Now listen to the interview.6. The interviewee's first job was with .A. a newspaperB. the governmentC a construction firm D. a private company7. The interviewee is not self-employed mainly because .A. his wife likes him to work for a firmB. he prefers working for the governmentC. self-employed work is very demandingD. self-employed work is sometimes insecure8. To study architecture in a university one must .A. be interested in artsB. study pure science firstC. get good exam resultsD. be good at drawing9. On the subject of drawing, the interviewee says that .A. technically speaking artists draw very wellB. an artist's drawing differs little from an architect'sC. precision is a vital skill for the architectD. architects must be natural artists10. The interviewee says that the job of an architect is ________ .A. more theoretical than practicalB. to produce sturdy, well-designed buildingsC. more practical than theoreticalD. to produce attractive, interesting buildingsSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 11 to 12 are based on the following news. At the end of the news it em, you will begiven 30 seconds to answer the two questions. Now listen to t he news.11. The man was convicted for .A. dishonestyB. manslaughterC. murderD. having a gun12. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Mark Eastwood had a license for a revolver.B. Mark Eastwood loved to go to noisy parties.C. Mark Eastwood smashed the windows of a house.D. Mark Eastwood had a record.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the following news. At the end of the news it em, you will begiven 45 seconds to answer the three questions. Now listen to the news.13. How many missing American servicemen have been positively confirmed dead inVietnam so far?A. 67.B. 280.C. 84.D. 1,648.14. According to the search operation commander, the recovery of the miss ingAmericans is slowed down because .A. the weather conditions are unfavorableB. the necessary documents are unavailableC. the sites are inaccessibleD. some local people are greedy15. According to the news, Vietnam may be willing to help American mainly because of .A. its changed policy towards AmericaB. recent international pressureC. its desire to have the US trade embargo liftedD. the impending visit by a senior US military officerSECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the l ecture, take noteson the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a15-minute gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEE T ONE after the mini-lecture. Use the blank paperfor note-taking. Fill in each of the gaps with one word. You may refer to your notes. Make surethe word y ou fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.LAND USEA problem related to the competition for land use is whether crops should b e used to produce food or fuel. (1)______ areas will be examined in this respect. Firstly, the problemshould be v iewed in its (2)______ perspective. When oil prices rose sharply in the 1970s,countries had to look for alternatives to solve the resulting crisis.In developing countries, one of the possible answers to it is to produce alcohol from (3)_____ material. This has led to a lot of research in this area particularly in the use of (4)______. The use of this material resulted from two economic reasons: a (5) ______ in its priceand low (6)_____ costs.There are other starchy plants that can be used to produce alcohol, like the sweet (7) _____or the cassava plant in tropical regions, and (8)______ and sugar beet in non-tropical regions. The problem with these plant s is that they are also the people's staple food in manypoor countries. Therefore, farmers there are faced with a choice: crops for food or for fuel. An d farmersnaturally go for what is more (9)______. As a result, the problems involved are economic innature, rather tha n technological. This is my second area under consideration. Finally, thereha ve already been practical applications of using alcohol for fuel. Basically, they come in twoforms of use: pure alcohol as is the case in (10)______, and a c ombination of alcohol and gasoline known as gasohol in Germany.(1) ______ (2) ______ (3) ______ (4) ______ ( 5 ) ______(6) ______ (7) ______ (8) ______ (9) ______ (10) ______听力原文SECTION A TALKOK, good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. In the previous week we talked a bout different types of pollution, and this week I want to focus on air pollutio n, air pollution caused by the car. It's wellknown that cars are the main caus e of air pollution in a city. This can mean up to 50% of some diseasesor even higher than 90 % of all air pollution are caused by the car. Obviously cars c ontribute a great deal to the air pollution in our cities, and this will get wors e as the number of carsincreases in the cities.Firstly, I would like to talk about how cars cause air pollution. How does the car cause air pollution? Well, you are all familiar with internal combustion engine, there is a mixture ofpetrol which explodes, and the explosion that pr opels the car forward. Unfortunately, in thisprocess there are some poisonou s chemicals made, and these poisonous chemicals mainlycome out of the ba ck of the car through the exhaust.Now it's not just what comes out of the car exhaust that is dangerous, the br akes also cause pollution. The brakes in some cars give off asphaltum, and y ou know asphaltum is, is highlydangerous substance, and can kill us. And thi rdly, the tyres themselves give off small rubber particle which is not very goo d for health.We need to find solutions to this problem. I'm going to talk about four possibl e solutions.Firstly, we could try and discourage the use of cars. We could do this by putting higher taxeson petrol, or we could make cars more expensive, we could put prices of cars up.Secondly, we might encourage alternative methods of transport. For exa mple, recently inShanghai, a new built supra-underground will take some of t he pressure off the roads. Somepeople will use the underground rather than use cars.In addition we could improve public transport, make it more comfortable, s afer, more regularso that people will use the public transport rather than the car. Next, we could also use cleanerfuel rather than petrol. For example, we might use natural gas in the future or we mightexperiment battery cars.And lastly, we could try mechanical means for reducing the amount of chemi cals that areemitted, which comes out of the cars' the exhaust pipe. We coul d fix things called "absoluteconverters" for exhaust pipe. It's something, it's a device which is seated over the exhaust,which controls the carbon amount of minor primer, which reduces the amount of dangerouschemical that cars give off. Now, it's unlikely that any one of these solutions will work on itsown . I'm pretty sure that it will take a combination of all four of these solutions to solve thisproblem.SECTION B INTERVIEWInterviewer: So, you are an architect?Interviewee: Yes.Interviewer: Do you work for a public or private organization, or are you self-employed, that is,working on your own?Interviewee: I'm working for a private design and construction company. Interviewer: How did you start your career?Interviewee: I started it with the government.Interviewer: Oh, did you? What made you decide to work for the government? Interviewee: Well, it was a matter of chance really. I saw an advertisement for a vacant positionin a newspaper, and I thought "Why don't you try it?" In fa ct, I have no preferences to where Iwork, public or private.Interviewer; And do you still have this idea, or ...Interviewee: More or less. Yes. Although I'm now working for a private firm. I worked for thegovernment for about three years. It was all right. Of course, t here is the bureaucracy onehas to put up with, but that's not that bad, if yo u don't mind bureaucratic wheels turningslowly, and things not being as effi cient.Interviewer: Ah-ah. And what made you leave the public sector? Interviewee: Money mainly. You see, I got married, and my wife doesn't work , and we wanted tostart a family right away. So we thought it might be better if I moved to the private sector. Thisis why it's hard for me to be self-employ ed because self-employed work has the disadvantage that there may be time , or a period of time when you are unemployed.Interviewer: I see, so, did you join this company straight away or ... Interviewee: No, I worked for ..., in a couple of private firms before I came to this one.Interviewer: Hmm ... hmm. Now, what qualifications does one have to have t o become an architect?Interviewee: Well, you've got to have a degree in architecture. That means be fore you apply tostudy architecture in any university you have to pass exams. Usually 3A levels with goodresults. Also you generally have to study sciences at school rather than arts ... as the basis forthe subject to be studied at unive rsity level. Although when you really get down to it, thesubject involves some aspects of arts too. Then you need between six and seven years to workthrou gh, by the end of which you usually sit for the final examination. Interviewer: So, you mean to take up architecture, one has to have a scientifi c background?Interviewee: Well, yes, mainly scientific, but it helps if you have some general arts backgroundtoo. You know, architecture is not a pure science. Interviewer: Now, if one wants to take up architecture, one has got to be able to draw? Is thatreally true?Interviewee: Well, it is true that the work of an architect involves a lot of dra wing, and to be an architect you must be able to draw. But this doesn't mean that if you can't at present draw,you won't have the opportunity to be an ar chitect, because you can be taught to draw. Infact, drawing in architecture is different from drawing in art. An artist's drawing must be good ina sense thatit gives a certain impression in the mind of the viewer, in fact, some famo usartists can't draw very well at all, at least not from the technical point of vi ew. On the otherhand, architect's drawing must be accurate. So, I'd say that accuracy of the drawings is whatwe aim at, what's important. Interviewer; Now what qualities do you think make a good architect, apart fr om the accuracy in his drawings?Interviewee: Well, I'm not sure if I can generalize about that. You see archit ecture is a mixtureof theory and practice. So I suppose a good architect sho uld be good at both. An architect'swork is good in as much as the constructi on is built precisely as the theory requires, so that itdoesn't collapse or can't be used after a period of time because it's dangerous. I don't mean awell-bui lt construction will last forever, but it's predictable that if the building is co nstructed in a certain way, or with certain materials, we can say how long it will last, provided there's noother factor.Interviewer: Such as?Interviewee; Er, for example, an earthquake or if the ground level sinks whic h may destroy it,so that's one part of being a good architect— to design a c onstruction which is attractive and will last a long time.Interviewer: Right. So that's the theory side. Now, what about the practical as pect?Interviewee: Yes, the practical side concerns, I'd say, the use of the construc tion you design.If you design a house, the people who live in later on, must b e happy as living in it. Er, a collegestudent shouldn't think to himself. Oh, I'd r ather be study, I'd rather study in the library. Mybedroom is too cold because the ceiling seems to be too high, and the windows too big. Orsay, when som ebody is cooking in the kitchen, the smell of the food shouldn't disturb some body who's still in bed. The bathroom should be situated for everyone's conv enience,but while it's being used, the noise shouldn't disturb anyone. So yo u see these practical thingswhich give you comfort apart from serving the pu rpose of the construction whatever it maybe — a school, a hospital, a hotel and so on ...SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item One (For Questions 11—12)A man who fired three shots into a crowded birthday party killing one man and wounding twoother people has been sentenced to six years in prison.36-year-old Mark Eastwood was incourt for sentencing today after a jury had found him guilty of manslaughter, but not guilty ofmurder.Mark Eastwood snapped after being kept awake for four successive nights by noisy partiesyards away from his home. He took a loaded revolver and fired t hree shots through the windowof a house in the southwestern part of the city.A 25-year-old man at the party died after beinghit in the head, two other peo ple were seriously wounded.The court was told that Eastwood had a lengthy criminal record for dishone sty and he waskeeping a gun without a license. Sentencing him to six years i n prison, Mr Justice Dawson said,"No one must be allowed to kill innocent people and not be severely punishe d."News Item Two (For Questions 13—15)A 23-day search operation that begins Thursday will include 84 Americans an d their Vietnamesecounterparts split in the eight teams. The spokesman for t he operation said four of the teamsare currently in the midst of a dry season. The spokesmen said Vietnam turned over 67 sets ofremains which the Vietna mese believed to be of Americans last year, the most since it beganreturning such remains in the early 1980s. Vietnam first allowed American search team s into thecountry in 1988, and the first consisted of just three men. Vietnam has turned over hundredsof sets of remains since the end of the war in 1975. So far 280 such sets have been positively identified as the remains of missin g Americans. The remains are examined by forensicspecialists at a US militar y laboratory in Hawaii. The fates of more than 2200 Americanservicemen who are missing in southeast Asia remain unsolved.1648 of those are listed asmissing in Vietnam or its waters. In an interview with the Associated Press, Major GeneralThomas Needham, the search operati on commander said he was pleased with the progressbeing made to account for the missing men. He said he and his teams were allowed to gowherever t hey wished in Vietnam. General Needham said that he constantly pushed th eVietnamese to find and hand over more documents about the missing men. General Needham said that he didn't believe the Vietnamese government was holding backremains. However, he said some individuals who had come acros s remains were holding themback in the hope of being paid for them. The US does not pay for remains. In a related development, the US military announ ced Wednesday that Admiral Charles Lawson, the commander-in-chief of thePacific will visit Vietnam beginning January 16. Admiral Lawson willvisit the A merican Missing-in-Action Office in Hanoi, discuss the issue with the Vietnam eseofficials, and travel south to observe the excavations. Admiral Lawson will become the highestranking US military officer to visit Vietnam since the end of the War. Admiral Lawson's visit and extensive search come at a time when officials in Washington say the question of the US trade embargo against Viet nam is under active review.David Butler for VOA news, Bangkok.SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGToday I'm going to consider very briefly a problem concerned with the comp etition for landuse. That is, that is, whether crops should be used to produc e food or to ... should be used to produce fuel. And um ... in considering this problem, I will look at three main areas: thehistorical background to the probl em, the nature of the problems involved in, in the competition for land use, a nd some examples.In considering the historical background, um ... we should look at the oil crisis of the 1970s.Due to the rapidly increase in ... in or the rapid, due to the rapid trend in increasing oil pricesleading to an energy crisis, many countries have looked for alternative, energy sources tomake them independent of other countries' fossil fuels. Examples of alternative energysources include such t hing as solar power, the harnessing of wind, and the wind and waves,tides an d also the production of biogas. Biogas is methane which is produced from hu man andanimal waste. A particularly interesting possibility for many developin g countries has been the conversion of plant material to alcohol. This is inte resting because in many developingcountries, there is a large agricultural sect or and at the same time a small industrial sector. Andthus the possibility of us ing the agricultural sector to, to produce fuel is of interest to thosecountries. Scientific research is going on in the production of alcohol, for example, from sugar. And thereare two economic reasons for this. First of all, the world pric e of sugar has fallen dramatically, orthe world price of sugar has fallen in very real terms in the last decade, which has caused theproblem for those econo mics which are dependent on their sugar production as it gives theman alter native possibility for using their sugar. And secondly, sugar is the most effici entsource of alcohol. Therefore, it is relatively economical to make fuel by distilling alcohol fromit.In addition to sugar, there are other starchy plants that can be used to make alcohol. Forexample, in tropical countries, such plants as the cassava plantand the sweet potato are goodsources from which alcohol can be made. And in non-tropical countries, you have such thingsas corn and sugar beet. Now there is a problem arising from the fact that alcohol can bedistilled from star chy plants and that is, that many poor countries use precisely these starchypl ants, or these starch-rich crops for their food as a staple diet. So in many suc h countries,there is ... there is a conflict, if you like, between the choices wh ether to produce these cropsfor fuel, or to produce these crops for food and for their use, as their staple diet.It is in fact an economic problem rather than a technical problem as the poor farmers will tend to choose that which is more profitable. Indeed it is an eco nomic problem, not, not necessarilya technological problem. The technology f or the conversion of alcohol from starchy plants hasbeen in existence for ov er 40 years. And there are two ways of using alcohol as car fuel. Onesuch wa y is in the form of pure alcohol, and an example of this is in Brazil in a projec t calledthe Pro-Alcohol Project. And in Brazil cars are being produced to run o n pure alcohol. A seconduse of alcohol as a car fuel is in a mixture of petrol, or with gasoline. In a mixture with gasoline, this produces a mixture called "gasohol". In Germany for example, they have anexperiment in which there, t here is such a mixture of 85% petrol or 85% gas,85% gasoline and 15% methanol. So if technology and conversion of engine s are not a problem, then reallyit is a question of economics, and there are th ree main factors, which ...参考答案PART ISection A 1—5 DCABDSection B 6—10 BDCCBSection C 11—15 BDBDCSection D1.Three/3 2.Historical 3.plant 4.Sugar5.fall/drop/decrease/reduction6.production/distilling/distillation/conversion7.potato 8.corn 9.profitable 10.Brazil。
1996年英语专业八级考试听力MP3
1996年英语专业八级考试听力MP3TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (1996) GRADE EIGHTPAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (40 MIN)In sections A , B and C, you will hear everythingONCE ONLY, listen carefully a nd then answer thequestions that follow. Mark the correct response foreach question on your Colored Answer Sheet.SECTION A TALKQuestions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section. Atthe end of the talk you will be given 15 seconds toanswer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the talk.1. The speaker thinks that .A. car causes pollution only in some citiesB. 60% of the cities are affected by car pollutionC. 90% of the city residents suffer from car pollutionD. car is the main contributing factor in polluting air2. Which of the following is not mentioned as a cause of car pollution?A. Car tyres.B. Car engines.C. Car horns.D. Car brakes.3. Which of the following is not cited as a means to reduce the number of cars?A. To pass laws to control the use of cars.B. To improve public transport systems.C. To increase car tax and car price.D. To construct effective subway systems.4. One of the mechanical solutions to car pollution is .A. to change the mechanical structure of fuelB. to improve on the exhaust pipeC. to experiment with new enginesD. to monitor the amount of chemicals5. According to the speaker. a sensible way to solve car pollution is that we shouldA. focus on one method onlyB. explore some other alternativesC. improve one of the four methodsD. integrate all of the four methods-SECTION B INTERVIEWQuestions 6 to 10 are based on an interview with an architect. At the end o f the interview you will be given 13 seconds to answer each of the following fi ve questions. Now listen to the interview.6. The interviewee's first job was with .A. a newspaperB. the governmentC a construction firm D. a private company7. The interviewee is not self-employed mainly because .A. his wife likes him to work for a firmB. he prefers working for the governmentC. self-employed work is very demandingD. self-employed work is sometimes insecure8. To study architecture in a university one must .A. be interested in artsB. study pure science firstC. get good exam resultsD. be good at drawing9. On the subject of drawing, the interviewee says that .A. technically speaking artists draw very wellB. an artist's drawing differs little from an architect'sC. precision is a vital skill for the architectD. architects must be natural artists10. The interviewee says that the job of an architect is ________ .A. more theoretical than practicalB. to produce sturdy, well-designed buildingsC. more practical than theoreticalD. to produce attractive, interesting buildingsSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 11 to 12 are based on the following news. At the end of the news it em, you will begiven 30 seconds to answer the two questions. Now listen to t he news.11. The man was convicted for .A. dishonestyB. manslaughterC. murderD. having a gun12. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Mark Eastwood had a license for a revolver.B. Mark Eastwood loved to go to noisy parties.C. Mark Eastwood smashed the windows of a house.D. Mark Eastwood had a record.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the following news. At the end of the news it em, you will begiven 45 seconds to answer the three questions. Now listen to the news.13. How many missing American servicemen have been positively confirmed dead inVietnam so far?A. 67.B. 280.C. 84.D. 1,648.14. According to the search operation commander, the recovery of the miss ingAmericans is slowed down because .A. the weather conditions are unfavorableB. the necessary documents are unavailableC. the sites are inaccessibleD. some local people are greedy15. According to the news, Vietnam may be willing to help American mainly because of .A. its changed policy towards AmericaB. recent international pressureC. its desire to have the US trade embargo liftedD. the impending visit by a senior US military officerSECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the l ecture, take noteson the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a15-minute gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEE T ONE after the mini-lecture. Use the blank paperfor note-taking. Fill in each of the gaps with one word. You may refer to your notes. Make surethe word y ou fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable.LAND USEA problem related to the competition for land use is whether crops should b e used to produce food or fuel. (1)______ areas will be examined in this respect. Firstly, the problemshould be v iewed in its (2)______ perspective. When oil prices rose sharply in the 1970s,countries had to look for alternatives to solve the resulting crisis.In developing countries, one of the possible answers to it is to produce alcohol from (3)_____ material. This has led to a lot of research in this area particularly in the use of (4)______. The use of this material resulted from two economic reasons: a (5) ______ in its priceand low (6)_____ costs.There are other starchy plants that can be used to produce alcohol, like the sweet (7) _____or the cassava plant in tropical regions, and (8)______ and sugar beet in non-tropical regions. The problem with these plant s is that they are also the people's staple food in manypoor countries. Therefore, farmers there are faced with a choice: crops for food or for fuel. An d farmersnaturally go for what is more (9)______. As a result, the problems involved are economic innature, rather tha n technological. This is my second area under consideration. Finally, thereha ve already been practical applications of using alcohol for fuel. Basically, they come in twoforms of use: pure alcohol as is the case in (10)______, and a c ombination of alcohol and gasoline known as gasohol in Germany.(1) ______ (2) ______ (3) ______ (4) ______ ( 5 ) ______(6) ______ (7) ______ (8) ______ (9) ______ (10) ______听力原文SECTION A TALKOK, good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. In the previous week we talked a bout different types of pollution, and this week I want to focus on air pollutio n, air pollution caused by the car. It's wellknown that cars are the main caus e of air pollution in a city. This can mean up to 50% of some diseasesor even higher than 90 % of all air pollution are caused by the car. Obviously cars c ontribute a great deal to the air pollution in our cities, and this will get wors e as the number of carsincreases in the cities.Firstly, I would like to talk about how cars cause air pollution. How does the car cause air pollution? Well, you are all familiar with internal combustion engine, there is a mixture ofpetrol which explodes, and the explosion that pr opels the car forward. Unfortunately, in thisprocess there are some poisonou s chemicals made, and these poisonous chemicals mainlycome out of the ba ck of the car through the exhaust.Now it's not just what comes out of the car exhaust that is dangerous, the br akes also cause pollution. The brakes in some cars give off asphaltum, and y ou know asphaltum is, is highlydangerous substance, and can kill us. And thi rdly, the tyres themselves give off small rubber particle which is not very goo d for health.We need to find solutions to this problem. I'm going to talk about four possibl e solutions.Firstly, we could try and discourage the use of cars. We could do this by putting higher taxeson petrol, or we could make cars more expensive, we could put prices of cars up.Secondly, we might encourage alternative methods of transport. For exa mple, recently inShanghai, a new built supra-underground will take some of t he pressure off the roads. Somepeople will use the underground rather than use cars.In addition we could improve public transport, make it more comfortable, s afer, more regularso that people will use the public transport rather than the car. Next, we could also use cleanerfuel rather than petrol. For example, we might use natural gas in the future or we mightexperiment battery cars.And lastly, we could try mechanical means for reducing the amount of chemi cals that areemitted, which comes out of the cars' the exhaust pipe. We coul d fix things called "absoluteconverters" for exhaust pipe. It's something, it's a device which is seated over the exhaust,which controls the carbon amount of minor primer, which reduces the amount of dangerouschemical that cars give off. Now, it's unlikely that any one of these solutions will work on itsown . I'm pretty sure that it will take a combination of all four of these solutions to solve thisproblem.SECTION B INTERVIEWInterviewer: So, you are an architect?Interviewee: Yes.Interviewer: Do you work for a public or private organization, or are you self-employed, that is,working on your own?Interviewee: I'm working for a private design and construction company. Interviewer: How did you start your career?Interviewee: I started it with the government.Interviewer: Oh, did you? What made you decide to work for the government? Interviewee: Well, it was a matter of chance really. I saw an advertisement for a vacant positionin a newspaper, and I thought "Why don't you try it?" In fa ct, I have no preferences to where Iwork, public or private.Interviewer; And do you still have this idea, or ...Interviewee: More or less. Yes. Although I'm now working for a private firm. I worked for thegovernment for about three years. It was all right. Of course, t here is the bureaucracy onehas to put up with, but that's not that bad, if yo u don't mind bureaucratic wheels turningslowly, and things not being as effi cient.Interviewer: Ah-ah. And what made you leave the public sector? Interviewee: Money mainly. You see, I got married, and my wife doesn't work , and we wanted tostart a family right away. So we thought it might be better if I moved to the private sector. Thisis why it's hard for me to be self-employ ed because self-employed work has the disadvantage that there may be time , or a period of time when you are unemployed.Interviewer: I see, so, did you join this company straight away or ... Interviewee: No, I worked for ..., in a couple of private firms before I came to this one.Interviewer: Hmm ... hmm. Now, what qualifications does one have to have t o become an architect?Interviewee: Well, you've got to have a degree in architecture. That means be fore you apply tostudy architecture in any university you have to pass exams. Usually 3A levels with goodresults. Also you generally have to study sciences at school rather than arts ... as the basis forthe subject to be studied at unive rsity level. Although when you really get down to it, thesubject involves some aspects of arts too. Then you need between six and seven years to workthrou gh, by the end of which you usually sit for the final examination. Interviewer: So, you mean to take up architecture, one has to have a scientifi c background?Interviewee: Well, yes, mainly scientific, but it helps if you have some general arts backgroundtoo. You know, architecture is not a pure science. Interviewer: Now, if one wants to take up architecture, one has got to be able to draw? Is thatreally true?Interviewee: Well, it is true that the work of an architect involves a lot of dra wing, and to be an architect you must be able to draw. But this doesn't mean that if you can't at present draw,you won't have the opportunity to be an ar chitect, because you can be taught to draw. Infact, drawing in architecture is different from drawing in art. An artist's drawing must be good ina sense thatit gives a certain impression in the mind of the viewer, in fact, some famo usartists can't draw very well at all, at least not from the technical point of vi ew. On the otherhand, architect's drawing must be accurate. So, I'd say that accuracy of the drawings is whatwe aim at, what's important. Interviewer; Now what qualities do you think make a good architect, apart fr om the accuracy in his drawings?Interviewee: Well, I'm not sure if I can generalize about that. You see archit ecture is a mixtureof theory and practice. So I suppose a good architect sho uld be good at both. An architect'swork is good in as much as the constructi on is built precisely as the theory requires, so that itdoesn't collapse or can't be used after a period of time because it's dangerous. I don't mean awell-bui lt construction will last forever, but it's predictable that if the building is co nstructed in a certain way, or with certain materials, we can say how long it will last, provided there's noother factor.Interviewer: Such as?Interviewee; Er, for example, an earthquake or if the ground level sinks whic h may destroy it,so that's one part of being a good architect— to design a c onstruction which is attractive and will last a long time.Interviewer: Right. So that's the theory side. Now, what about the practical as pect?Interviewee: Yes, the practical side concerns, I'd say, the use of the construc tion you design.If you design a house, the people who live in later on, must b e happy as living in it. Er, a collegestudent shouldn't think to himself. Oh, I'd r ather be study, I'd rather study in the library. Mybedroom is too cold because the ceiling seems to be too high, and the windows too big. Orsay, when som ebody is cooking in the kitchen, the smell of the food shouldn't disturb some body who's still in bed. The bathroom should be situated for everyone's conv enience,but while it's being used, the noise shouldn't disturb anyone. So yo u see these practical thingswhich give you comfort apart from serving the pu rpose of the construction whatever it maybe — a school, a hospital, a hotel and so on ...SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item One (For Questions 11—12)A man who fired three shots into a crowded birthday party killing one man and wounding twoother people has been sentenced to six years in prison.36-year-old Mark Eastwood was incourt for sentencing today after a jury had found him guilty of manslaughter, but not guilty ofmurder.Mark Eastwood snapped after being kept awake for four successive nights by noisy partiesyards away from his home. He took a loaded revolver and fired t hree shots through the windowof a house in the southwestern part of the city.A 25-year-old man at the party died after beinghit in the head, two other peo ple were seriously wounded.The court was told that Eastwood had a lengthy criminal record for dishone sty and he waskeeping a gun without a license. Sentencing him to six years i n prison, Mr Justice Dawson said,"No one must be allowed to kill innocent people and not be severely punishe d."News Item Two (For Questions 13—15)A 23-day search operation that begins Thursday will include 84 Americans an d their Vietnamesecounterparts split in the eight teams. The spokesman for t he operation said four of the teamsare currently in the midst of a dry season. The spokesmen said Vietnam turned over 67 sets ofremains which the Vietna mese believed to be of Americans last year, the most since it beganreturning such remains in the early 1980s. Vietnam first allowed American search team s into thecountry in 1988, and the first consisted of just three men. Vietnam has turned over hundredsof sets of remains since the end of the war in 1975. So far 280 such sets have been positively identified as the remains of missin g Americans. The remains are examined by forensicspecialists at a US militar y laboratory in Hawaii. The fates of more than 2200 Americanservicemen who are missing in southeast Asia remain unsolved.1648 of those are listed asmissing in Vietnam or its waters. In an interview with the Associated Press, Major GeneralThomas Needham, the search operati on commander said he was pleased with the progressbeing made to account for the missing men. He said he and his teams were allowed to gowherever t hey wished in Vietnam. General Needham said that he constantly pushed th eVietnamese to find and hand over more documents about the missing men. General Needham said that he didn't believe the Vietnamese government was holding backremains. However, he said some individuals who had come acros s remains were holding themback in the hope of being paid for them. The US does not pay for remains. In a related development, the US military announ ced Wednesday that Admiral Charles Lawson, the commander-in-chief of thePacific will visit Vietnam beginning January 16. Admiral Lawson willvisit the A merican Missing-in-Action Office in Hanoi, discuss the issue with the Vietnam eseofficials, and travel south to observe the excavations. Admiral Lawson will become the highestranking US military officer to visit Vietnam since the end of the War. Admiral Lawson's visit and extensive search come at a time when officials in Washington say the question of the US trade embargo against Viet nam is under active review.David Butler for VOA news, Bangkok.SECTION D NOTE-TAKING AND GAP-FILLINGToday I'm going to consider very briefly a problem concerned with the comp etition for landuse. That is, that is, whether crops should be used to produc e food or to ... should be used to produce fuel. And um ... in considering this problem, I will look at three main areas: thehistorical background to the probl em, the nature of the problems involved in, in the competition for land use, a nd some examples.In considering the historical background, um ... we should look at the oil crisis of the 1970s.Due to the rapidly increase in ... in or the rapid, due to the rapid trend in increasing oil pricesleading to an energy crisis, many countries have looked for alternative, energy sources tomake them independent of other countries' fossil fuels. Examples of alternative energysources include such t hing as solar power, the harnessing of wind, and the wind and waves,tides an d also the production of biogas. Biogas is methane which is produced from hu man andanimal waste. A particularly interesting possibility for many developin g countries has been the conversion of plant material to alcohol. This is inte resting because in many developingcountries, there is a large agricultural sect or and at the same time a small industrial sector. Andthus the possibility of us ing the agricultural sector to, to produce fuel is of interest to thosecountries. Scientific research is going on in the production of alcohol, for example, from sugar. And thereare two economic reasons for this. First of all, the world pric e of sugar has fallen dramatically, orthe world price of sugar has fallen in very real terms in the last decade, which has caused theproblem for those econo mics which are dependent on their sugar production as it gives theman alter native possibility for using their sugar. And secondly, sugar is the most effici entsource of alcohol. Therefore, it is relatively economical to make fuel by distilling alcohol fromit.In addition to sugar, there are other starchy plants that can be used to make alcohol. Forexample, in tropical countries, such plants as the cassava plantand the sweet potato are goodsources from which alcohol can be made. And in non-tropical countries, you have such thingsas corn and sugar beet. Now there is a problem arising from the fact that alcohol can bedistilled from star chy plants and that is, that many poor countries use precisely these starchypl ants, or these starch-rich crops for their food as a staple diet. So in many suc h countries,there is ... there is a conflict, if you like, between the choices wh ether to produce these cropsfor fuel, or to produce these crops for food and for their use, as their staple diet.It is in fact an economic problem rather than a technical problem as the poor farmers will tend to choose that which is more profitable. Indeed it is an eco nomic problem, not, not necessarilya technological problem. The technology f or the conversion of alcohol from starchy plants hasbeen in existence for ov er 40 years. And there are two ways of using alcohol as car fuel. Onesuch wa y is in the form of pure alcohol, and an example of this is in Brazil in a projec t calledthe Pro-Alcohol Project. And in Brazil cars are being produced to run o n pure alcohol. A seconduse of alcohol as a car fuel is in a mixture of petrol, or with gasoline. In a mixture with gasoline, this produces a mixture called "gasohol". In Germany for example, they have anexperiment in which there, t here is such a mixture of 85% petrol or 85% gas,85% gasoline and 15% methanol. So if technology and conversion of engine s are not a problem, then reallyit is a question of economics, and there are th ree main factors, which ...参考答案PART ISection A 1—5 DCABDSection B 6—10 BDCCBSection C 11—15 BDBDCSection D1.Three/3 2.Historical 3.plant 4.Sugar5.fall/drop/decrease/reduction6.production/distilling/distillation/conversion7.potato 8.corn 9.profitable 10.Brazil。