第30期轮机英语考试题

中华人民共和国海事局2003年第1期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第30期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：801适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶轮机长（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至68题，每题1分，第69题至76题，每题1.5分,第77题至78题,每题10分。

一、单项选择题：1. The cylinder head, cylinder liner and _____ form the combustion chamber．A. frameB. pistonC. crankcaseD. explosion plate2. A diesel engine burns ________ a gasoline engine of the same capacity in the same period oftime．A. as much fuel asB. less fuel thanC. less fuel asD. more fuel than3. Acid solution _____ in the system can be tested from time to time by putting some on to a pieceof lime．A. strengthB. denseC. percentageD. velocity4. A： Please tell me the specifications and quantity． B： _____．A. Pump diesel oil firstB. 300 tons of 180 cst fuel oilC. The figure is all rightD. OK, I'll sign it5. The film of oil between the rings and the liner is not only essential for the lubrication but alsoplays an important part in achieving _____．A. an oil sealB. removing heatC. a gas sealD. cooling the piston6. The tendency for lubricating oil to thin out at high temperatures and thicken at low temperatureswill be characterized by a _____．A. low viscosity indexB. high viscosity indexC. high neutralization numberD. low demulsibility quality7. Operating a diesel engine for prolonged periods, with a closed freshwater cooling system, attemperatures lower than the normal design temperature can cause _____．A. the formation of sulfuric acidB. a decrease in lube oil viscosityC. a decrease in cooling water pHD. a thermostat failure8. ______ is usually driven by the engine camshaft and supplies pilot air to the cylinder air startvalve．A. An air receiverB. An operating valveC. An automatic valveD. An air distributor9. The difference between a supercharged engine and an un-supercharged engine is that _____operates at an increased pressure．A. the laterB. the latterC. the formerD. the farmer10. A sealing arrangement is provided at _____ of the tail-shaft with the propeller and conecompleting the arrangement．A. both endsB. neither endC. the outboard endD. either end 11. The linear motion of a diesel engine piston is converted to the rotary motion required to drivegears, propeller shafts, and generators by the _____．A. flywheelB. crankshaftC. journal bearingsD. camshaft12. The use of a poor quality piston cooling oil can lead to rapid deterioration of its properties withthe resultant formation of deposits in the piston crown which in turn results in a considerable _____ in heat transfer．A. advantageB. superiorC. increase D． reduction13．We should not start the engine unless the turning gear is _____ ．A. onB. disengagedC. boltedD. unscrewed14. The ability of the governor to prevent fluctuations in engine speed is termed _____．A. sensitivityB. stabilityC. promptnessD. speed droop15. A governor automatically controls engine speed by regulating _____．A. fuel supplyB. firing orderC. engine loadD. oil level16. It is relatively _____ to drive the compressor directly from the engine by chain/or othermechanism because some of the additional power is absorbed．A. economicalB. expensiveC. inexpensiveD. loss17. Load control on a diesel engine is accomplished by _____．A. regulating the speed of the turbochargerB. rotating the fuel injector pump plungerC. regulating the speed of the fuel oil transfer pumpD. changing engine timing18. _____, the following possible causes should be investigated．A. Should the engine stop without apparent reasonB. The engine should stop without apparent reasonC. The engine stops without apparent reasonD. The engine is stopped without apparent reason19. To operate a centrifugal fire pump at reduced capacity, you should _____．A. readjust the relief valveB. throttle the suction lineC. throttle the discharge valveD. open the priming line20. If you were operating a centrifugal water service pump with worn wearing rings, the _____．A. pump would be very noisyB. pump would vibrate excessivelyC. pump would develop insufficient flowD. stuffing box would leak excessively21. Which bearing half will receive the greatest load in a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine?A. Lower half of the connecting rod bearing at the crankshaft end of the rod.B. Upper half of the main bearing.C. Lower half of the cross-head pin bearing in the connecting rod.D. All bearing halves share an equal load.22. Where tanks are arranged for either oil or ballast _____ must be fitted in the pipeline．A. a change-over chestB. a head tankC. a emergency bilge pumpD. an air cooler23. The boiler is fired _____ the demand for steam exceeds that available from exhaust gas heating．A. wheneverB. howeverC. whereverD. whether24. In readying an auxiliary water-tube boiler for a routine hydrostatic test, which of the followingprocedures should be undertaken prior to filling the boiler with fresh water?A. The safety valve escape piping should be disconnected from the valve body and a blankinserted．B. The boiler vent valves should be opened．C. All handhole/manhole covers should be tightened up as much as possible to preclude anyleaks．D. All of the above．25. The bilge main is arranged to drain any watertight compartment_____ ballast, oil or water tanksand to discharge the contents overboard．A. rather thanB. other thanC. in addition thatD. except for26. When in operation, it is unavoidable that a small amount of oil _____ through leakage, and inorder to compensate for these leaks the system is connected to a feed pump．A. escapesB. overheatsC. expandsD. accelerates27. When reassembling the bowl of a disk-type centrifuge, the bowl or locking ring is rotated_______．A. clockwise, due to the bowl rotating clockwiseB. clockwise, due to the bowl rotating counterclockwiseC. counterclockwise, due to the bowl rotating clockwiseD. counterclockwise, due to the bowl rotating counterclockwise28. Under the regulations implementing MARPOL, a mobile offshore drilling unit is required to havean International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) certificate when the unit _____．A. is drilling on the Outer Continental ShelfB. moves to a new drilling location in U.S. watersC. engages in a voyage to a port of another country which is a party of MARPOLD. All of the above.29.The oil sludge is burnt in the _____onboard. I‟l l show you the ashes．A. boilerB. main engineC. auxiliary engineD. incinerator30. Among the basic categories of equipment, which of the following are used to convert mechanicalinto hydraulic energy?A. the hydraulic pumpsB. valvesC. hydraulic cylindersD. hydraulic motors31. If a radial piston hydraulic pump fails to deliver rated fluid volume, the cause can be _____．A. contaminated fluidB. pitted thrust ringsC. worn pintle bearingsD. obstructed suctions passage32. The hand steering is a method by which the motion of the rudder is controlled with _____．A. a motor-driven steering wheelB. a pneumatic steering wheelC. a hand-driven steering wheelD. an electric steering wheel33. If a heavy sea strikes the _____, the shock is transmitted through the tiller to the rams．A. propellerB. rudderC. bow thrusterD. stabiliser34. An AC synchronous transmission type remote steering control system consists of a _____．A. transmitter at the steering station and a receiver at the steering engineB. reversible motor at the steering station geared to the steering pumpsC. small induction motor on the bridge which controls the rudder through pulleysD. variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by a reversible DC motor35. A knocking sound from one cylinder of an operating air compressor indicates _____．A. a defective or broken high pressure un-loaderB. a loose valve plateC. excessive overloadD. no compression36. When a flash-type evaporator is to be secured for an extended period of time, the entire unitshould be drained, cleaned, and _____．A. completely filled with saltwaterB. filled with de-scaling compoundC. tightly closed to exclude airD. vented to the atmosphere37. The compressed air is supplied by ___ to the air reservoirs．A. compressorsB. forced fansC. ventilatorsD. generators38. A dirty intercooler on the ship service air compressor will result in _____．A. decreased compression ratioB. higher than normal power consumptionC. un-loader malfunctionD. water in the lubricating oil39. Accidental flooding of the engine room bilges by the bilge main is prevented by _____．A. stop-check valves installed in the bilge suction manifoldsB. using a positive displacement reciprocating bilge pumpC. installing eductors in all bilge rose boxesD. installing a swing check before each bilge valve40. When a refrigeration compressor is in the 'off ' cycle, the thermal expansion valve will_____．A. always be wide open when the compressor restartsB. continue to operate if the system were in operationC. remain open until evaporator pressure equalizes, then close until the compressor restartsD. always be completely closed until the compressor restarts41. While troubleshooting a refrigeration system for low head pressure, liquid refrigerant floodingback from the evaporator is determined to be the cause. It may be necessary to _____．A. change the expansion valve adjustmentB. readjust the water regulating valve to increase the flow of waterC. purge air from the condenserD. clean the waterside of the condenser42. When adding oil to a refrigeration system, precautions must be taken to ensure that_____．A. the compressor suction pressure is not too highB. all air is purged from the pump and charging fittingsC. the high pressure cutout switch is held open to prevent accidental startingD. the condenser is completely shutdown first43. Your assigned emergency stations aboard your vessel can be found on the ship's _____．A. muster listB. certificate of inspectionC. clearance papersD. permit to proceed44. If the fire goes out in an automatically fired auxiliary boiler and the burner continues to supplyfuel, there is a potential danger of _____．A. overpressure and dry firingB. a severe furnace explosionC. spalling damage to the brickworkD. heat damage to the atomizer45. The ___ is a measure of the phase difference between voltage and current and is expected as thecosine of phase angle．A. powerB. efficiencyC. effective powerD. power factor46. A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the _____．A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reverse power relay47. When working on a high voltage circuit, you should always have another person present with you.This person should have a good working knowledge of _____．A. the circuit being worked on and the location of all switches and circuit breakers controlling itB. first-aid techniques for treating electrical shockC. cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)D. All of the above．48. Which of the following should be the FIRST step in removing a generator from parallel operation?A. Trip the generator off the switchboard．B. Turn off all electrical equipment．C. Remove the load from the 'off going' generator．D. Increase the cycles of the generator staying on the line．49. The operating medium for control systems may be _____．A. compressed airB. hydraulic oilC. electricityD. All of the above．50. Loss of lubricating oil pressure to the main propulsion diesel engine will actuate a/an _____．A. overspeed tripB. audible/visual alarmC. the ships/boats general alarmD. reserve oil storage tank51. The most common type of containment device for spilled oil on the water is the use of _____．A. strawB. boomsC. skimmersD. chemical dispersants52. Electric insulation is made of organic substances and so gradually ___ with age．A. deterioratesB. increasesC. are fouledD. becomes better53. While on watch in the engine room, you hear a continuous sounding of the fire alarm. Which ofthe following actions should you take?A. Make an entry in the official logbook．B. Open the master control valves on the fixed CO2 system．C. Start the fire pump and check discharge pressure．D. Secure auxiliary condenser overboard discharge．54. After the trouble of the automatic control system has been completely eliminated, assistance is______ required.A. remainedB. stillC. no longerD. much more55. A circuit breaker differs from a fuse in that a circuit breaker _____．A. melts and must be replacedB. is enclosed in a tube of insulating material with metal ferrules at each endC. gives no visual indication of having opened the circuitD. trips to break the circuit and may be reset56. Ambient temperature is the _____．A. amount of temperature rise with no loadB. temperature of the compartment where the motor is locatedC. normal operating temperature, less the room temperatureD. amount of temperature developed by an operating moto57. Which of the following statements represents the main difference between a relay and a contactor?A. Contactors control current and relays control voltage．B. A relay is series connected and a contactor is parallel connected．C. Contactors can handle heavier loads than relays．D. Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper．58. The pressure difference before and after the lube oil filter indicates _____ the filter should becleaned．A. whenB. howC. whereD. whether59. In order to ensure the safety of the ship and its equipment during UMS operation, certainessential functions _____．A. must be providedB. may be providedC. have providedD. can be provided60. In the engine department, the_____ is looked upon to provide the leadership that is needed．A. captainB. chief engineerC. chief officerD. chief motorman61.Duty officer informs us that the vessel is out of harbor and in “Full Ahead”.We are going to run_____．A. diesel oil instead of fuel oilB. fuel oil instead of diesel oilC. diesel oil instead fuel oilD. fuel oil instead diesel oil62. We still do not know _____．A. where is the troubleB. where does the troubleC. where the trouble isD. what is the trouble63.The order“Bow thrust stop.”means“_____”．A. Bow thrust full to portB. Bow thrust full to starboardC. No bow thrust revolutionsD. No stern thrust revolutions64. Under the provisions of applicable international conventions, ships entitled to fly the flag of aParty are subject, while in the port of a Party, to control by officers duly authorized by theParty． Ships of non-parties or below convention size shall be given ______．A. more favorable treatmentB. less favorable treatmentC. no more favorable treatmentD. the most favorable treatment65. ______ may have two emergency source of power, thus requiring two emergencyswitchboards．A. Large passenger vesselsB. General cargo shipsC. Container shipsD. Oil tankers66. With regards to a diesel engine crankcase explosion, the most violent is the _____．I．primary explosion II． secondary explosionA. I onlyB. II onlyC. both I and IID. neither I or II67. A certificate， called a(an) ______ ,should be issued to a ship by the Administration．A. ISMB. DOCC. SMCD. PS68. When making entries in the Oil Record Book, the date, operational code, and item number shallbe inserted in the appropriate columns. Furthermore, the required particulars shall be ____．A. recorded only for accidental oil dischargesB. recorded only for operations involving discharge of oily wasteC. signed by the oiler who enters them in the Oil Record BookD. recorded chronologically in the blank space二、关联题（每组关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）第一组：Please carefully read the following table and then answer the questions according to the information from this table.Table : types of fire extinguisherA. solid materialsB. liquid materialsC. petroleum gasD. electrical equipment70. Which type of fire extinguishers can be used to extinguish all classes of fires?A. sodaB. waterC. foamD. dry powder71. There is one type of fire extinguisher which is injected directly at base of fire making use of gasthat can not be used in accommodation. Which one is it?A. waterB. foamC. CO2D. dry powder72. When used to extinguish class B fire, extinguisher should be turned upside down and cover firesmoothly.A. a soda and acidB. a foamC. a CO2D. a dry powder第二组Where routine maintenance is concerned, the governor should be checked regularly for adequate lubrication. The operating range is usually quite small, giving a tendency for them to wear over limited areas. Then a sudden and larger change in speed than normal may carry the governor onto a ridge of debris or gummy oil deposit so that it may stick at that point. To restrict this problem as far as possible, the governor pivots, slide, etc. should be cleaned and well lubricated whenever possible. It should be born in mind that the governor structure is such that, were the spring to fracture in any way, the flyweights would be able to move outwards and shut the engine down. The connections from the governor to the fuel racks should be designed in such a way that the governor can both increase and decrease the fuel within the bounds of some hand setting; i.e. the governor can adjust the fuel settings but cannot release more fuel to the engine than is dictated by some predetermined value set by the engine operator.To overcome the above limitations of the CF governor, …servo governors‟ have been developed. These use the power of hydraulics to pump the heavier fuel rack systems associated with larger engines into the desired posit ion. This …powered‟ operation is rapidly and accurately achieved, and the hydraulic flow can be either electrically or mechanically controlled. The speed sensing can be done by a tachometer arrangement that can be set to the desired speed, and on sensing any variation a solenoid operated flow valve allows pressurized hydraulic flow into a servo system of pistons/plungers which resets the rack positions. Although this system is quite effective, more mechanically controlled governors are fitted to larger engines. These use the principle of the CF governor, i.e. fly weights acting against spring pressure, but instead of the slide working directly onto the fuel racks it simply regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid to servo pistons controlling the rack positions. this system therefore has the proven reliability and sensitivity of the small CF governor and yet develops quite a large governor effort through the hydraulic fluid.73.Which of the following is the reason that the governor discussed sticks?A. The governor is not sensitive normally.B. It is because of wear in normal working range.C. The change of speed is too small .D. All of the above are true.74.If the spring fractured，______.A. the fly weights would fracture tooB. the speed would be greatly increasedC. the operator would set the valueD. the fuel would be cut off75.The “servo governors” ______.A. can produce a large forceB. are mechanically controlledC. use flyweights to sense the speedD. All of the following are true.76.The second paragraph is mainly about ______.A. hydraulic powerB. CF governorsC. advanced governors in stead of CF governorD. electrical or mechanical hydraulic flow三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）77.PSC官员在检查机械处所时，如果发现阀手轮丢失、水和油长期渗漏的迹象或机器底座的延伸性锈蚀，则说明船舶对系统的维护不能令人满意。