R2620

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华为中低端路由器系列产品介绍

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Quidway R3640E模块化中心路由器 R3640E模块化中心路由器
Quidway R3640E后视图 R3640E后视图面向中小企业的企业级中心路由器 Quidway R3640E 提供4个PCI模块化扩展插槽 3640E 提供4 PCI模块化扩展插槽 Quidway R3640E 为全模块化设计 3640E Quidway R3640E与Quidway R2600系列产品模块向下兼容 3640E 2600系列产品模块向下兼容 CPU采用 CPU采用PowerPc8240 250Mhz 处理器 250Mhz 采用包转发能力:110～包转发能力:110～120Kpps FLASH 8M DRAM 128M-256M 128M支持 VOIP,VOFR,QOS,VPN,SNA,哑终端接入和POS接入 , , , , ,哑终端接入和接入
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Quidway R3680E-RPS冗余电源模块化路由器 R3680E-RPS冗余电源模块化路由器
Quidway R3680E-RPS 后视图 R3680E支持HRPS 2350A冗余电源,实现双路交流/双路直流供电. 支持HRPS-2350A冗余电源,实现双路交流/双路直流供电.电源之间实 HRPS现冗余备份. 现冗余备份. CPU采用 CPU采用PowerPc8245 300Mhz 处理器 300Mhz 采用包转发能力: 包转发能力:130～150Kpps ～ FLASH 8M～16M SDRAM 128M-256M 8M～ 128M其它与R3680E保持一致其它与R3680E保持一致
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Quidway R2600系列路由器特点 R2600系列路由器特点
Quidway AR系列每一台路由产品均提供企业级VRP操作系统: AR系列每一台路由产品均提供企业级系列每一台路由产品均提供企业级VRP操作系统操作系统: 支持各种标准的网络层,链路层协议,各种路由协议; 直接提供IPX,VPN,SNA和POS接入直接提供IPX,VPN,SNA和POS接入等功能支持,不需额外购买; 接入等功能支持,不需额外购买; 强大的VPN功能:L2TP,GRE,IPSEC, 强大的VPN功能:L2TP,GRE,IPSEC,MPLS VPN(L2和L3)等等; VPN(L2和L3)等等; 支持全面的QoS特性:PQ,CQ,WFQ,LLQ,CBWFQ,LR,CAR, 支持全面的QoS特性:PQ,CQ,WFQ,LLQ,CBWFQ,LR,CAR,GTS ,WRED; WRED; 支持华为3Com哑终端接入系统哑终端接入系统; 支持华为3Com哑终端接入系统; 完善的安全特性设计和高可靠性; 更便捷,易于学习的操作: 更便捷,易于学习的操作: 支持中英文双语操作界面,分析,配置更加直观准确; 全中文配置,命令指导手册;

8040路由器VRP1.7x的BootROM升级指导书

8040路由器VRP1.7x的Boot ROM升级指导书目录一、BootRom版本说明 (2)二、从7.x版本之前的BOOTROM版本（如4.36）升级到7.x版本 (2)三、从7.x版本升级到之后的版本（如7.00版本到7.02版本） (3)四、从7.x版本退回到以前的版本（如7.02版本到4.36版本） (4)五、内存升级说明 (4)六、DRAM技术介绍 (7)一、BootRom版本说明为方便路由器维护和用户的方便，VRP1.x版本下的模块化路由器（1760/1760B/2610/2611/2620/2621/2630E/2631E/3640E/3680E）支持统一的BootRom版本（7.x版本，目前最新版本为7.02），该版本之前的BootRom版本如4.x要区分路由器的型号。

除此之外，BootRom7.x还支持内存的自动识别，因此支持内存升级的功能更强大，另外，还支持系统启动时按“CTRl＋B”及“CTRL+D”两种方式进入的菜单下的BootRom升级，而BootRom7.x之前的版本仅支持按“CTRL+D”方式进入的菜单下的BootRom升级。

但在扩展内存并将BootRom升级到7.x版本时，路由器VRP主机版本需要VRP1.74 Release 0101版本之后的版本，这样才能保证扩展后的内存的有效利用。

BootRom7.x可以支持低于VRP1.74 Release 0101版本之前的版本，只是不能保证扩展内存后的正常或有效的使用。

VRP1.74 Release 0101及之后的版本还支持ftp方式的BootRom程序升级。

升级原则：（1）直接烧片时，中低端路由器的老型号（包括X86平台、8240主板、68360主板）路由器的BootRom 采用的是AMD型号，采用8241和8245主板（17、2610/2611和新3680E路由器）和46路由器的BootRom采用的SGS型号，7.02的版本的软件在上述的路由器中是一样的，7.00之前的版本之前分不同的路由器有不同的BootRom程序。

R2620系列路由器

Quidway® R2620系列路由器产品简介Quidway® R2620系列路由器是华为技术有限公司自主开发的面向企业级网络的产品提供了丰富的软件特性支持哑终端接入服务器功能支持SNA/DLSw VoIP特性等提供丰富的备份方案及QoS特性硬件采用模块化结构在提供集成的高速以太网接口和同步串口的同时又提供了丰富的可选配模块既适合于在中小型企业网中担当核心路由器也可以在一些大的分支机构中担当接入路由器Quidway® R2620系列包含Quidway® R2620和Quidway® R2621两款路由器Quidway® R2620路由器的外观图Quidway® R2621路由器的外观图功能特性互连协议以太网桥帧中继X.25HDLC SDLC LAPB SLIP PPP PPP头压缩MP ISDN PPPoE Client按需拨号拨号串循环备份PPP/ISDN回呼L2TP建立二层隧道GRE建立三层隧道宽带接入网络协议DHCP VLAN IPX DLSw RIP-1/RIP-2OSPF BGP策略路由组播路由负载分担地址借用TCP报文头压缩路由策略应用层协议及业务特性Telnet SSH Rlogin dumb terminal增强安全特性的终端接入服务器金融POS接入业务RTCLPD FTP Ping及NTP应用层协议或业务特性网络安全登录用户认证RADIUS/Tacacs+认证/计费IPSEC IKE 硬件加密卡防火墙支持对接口/时间段/MAC 地址的过滤高性能NAT 网络可靠性接口/子接口间的物理层备份虚链路/虚模板/拨号接口/逻辑接口间的链路层备份动态路由实现网络层备份VRRP 实现设备层备份语音语音特性特性静音压缩舒适噪音语音防抖动音量调节PBX 交换机功能模拟主叫号码识别自动忙音检测灵活VOIP 选路与备份策略IP 传真语音RADIUS GK Client IPHC 语音QoS 服务质量流量分类和流量监管CAR/LR 流量整形GTS 拥塞管理PQ/CQ/WFQ/CBQ 拥塞避免WRED配置管理中英文双语命令分级保护tracert/ping/debugging 故障诊断功能RMON SNMPv1/v2c/v3系统日志可通过FTP 或TFTP 进行系统升级可通过Console/AUX/X.25 PAD/Telnet/反向Telnet 等方式进行配置系统配置项目 R2620 描述 R2621描述插槽2用户可以根据需要最多配置2个功能模块固定接口1个配置口1个AUX 口1个10/100M 以太网口 2个同步串口1个配置口 1个AUX 口2个10/100M 以太网口 2个同步串口功能模块LAN 接口模块1FE/2FE 10/100Base-TX 快速以太网接口模块 1SFX 100Base-FX 以太网单模光接口模块 1MFX 100Base-FX 以太网多模光接口模块项目R2620 描述 R2621描述WAN接口模块2/4SA高速同/异步串口模块8LSA低速同/异步串口模块8/16AS异步串口模块1/2/4E1通道化cE1/PRI模块1/2/4E1-F非通道化E1模块1/2/4T1通道化T1/PRI模块1/2/4T1-F非通道化T1模块1cE3通道化cE3模块1cT3通道化cT3模块6/12AM模拟调制解调器模块2S1B2端口同/异步串口 + 1端口ISDN BRI S/T接口模块4BS ISDN BRI S/T接口模块语音模块2FXS/4FXS FXS接口语音模块2FXO/4FXO FXO接口语音模块2E&M/4E&M E&M接口语音模块E1VI E1语音模块T1VI T1语音模块POS接入模块2/4/6FCM(快速连接MODEM模块)其他模块 NDEC网络数据加密模块处理器MPC8240 200MHz转发性能 70-80KPPSFLASH 8MBSDRAM 缺省32MB 最大128MB外型尺寸WXDXH 440mm300mm86mm重量 5kg输入电压 AC85V264V 50/60Hz DC-40V -75V最大功率 70W工作环境温度 040环境湿度 1090% 不结露组网应用中型企业综合组网方案企业可以利用Quidway® R2620/2621路由器将所有内部网络连接起来并且可以提供家庭办公移动办公等功能用Quidway® R2620/2621路由器实现中型企业综合组网的组网图在公司总部的Quidway® R2620/2621路由器上使用广域网接口通过DDN帧中继或X.25网络SDH等连接各个分公司作为公司网络互连的主用线路在公司总部的Quidway® R2620/2621路由器上使用异步串口通过PSTN连接各个分公司作为公司网络互连的备用线路或者也可以使用4BS模块通过ISDN连接各个分公司主用线路与备用线路之间的自动切换线路切换由路由器完成备份方式可以使用拨号备份路由备份等金融行业一体化终端解决方案金融行业可以利用Quidway®的终端接入功能金融POS接入功能及SNA功能在不改变原有系统的基础上实现大机和前置机的集中管理同时还可以实现SNA网络同TCP/IP网络共存提供基于IP的新业务最终实现向纯IP主机系统的过渡金融行业一体化终端解决方案的组网图银行业务中心使用Quidway® Router路由器通过主用线路DDN及备份线路PSTN或ISDN 与下属网点相连在银行的分行网点使用Quidway® R2620/2621路由器通过异步串口连接哑终端和ATM利用Quidway® R2620/2621路由器快速以太网接口连接其它PC主机实现增值服务IP电话应用Quidway® R2620/2621路由器可以作为语音网关设备在E1线路上实现VoIP功能完成语音信号在传统电路交换网络和分组交换网络之间的转换为企业提供高质量低费用的语音解决方案用Quidway® R2620/2621路由器E1语音应用的组网图网络中心的Quidway® R2620/2621路由器通过E1线路同程控交换机连接采用E1语音方式路由器可以提供更多路的语音通讯并支持数据和语音的同时传输支持一次拨号和按需拨号功能极大的提高了路由器的利用率和支持的业务范围网络中心同分支机构通过IP网络互连实现语音信号在IP网络上的传输分支机构的Quidway® R2620/2621路由器可以通过FXS接口直接连接普通电话机和传真机或者通过FXO E&M E1中继接口连接PBX交换机实现IP语音业务功能订购信息描述数量备注RT-2620 Quidway® R2620路由器主机(1FE/2高速同步串口/2Slots) 1 可选RT-2621 Quidway® R2621路由器主机(2FE/2高速同步串口/2Slots) 1 可选RT-2620-DC48 Quidway® R2620路由器主机(48VDC) 1 可选RT-2621-DC48 Quidway® R2621路由器主机(48VDC) 1 可选串口模块RT-2SA 2端口同/异步串口模块 1 可选RT-2S1B 2端口同/异步+1ISDN模块 1 可选RT-4SA 4端口同步串口模块 1 可选RT-8AS 8端口异步串口模块 1 可选RT-8LSA 8端口低速同异步接口模块 1 可选RT-16AS 16端口异步串口接口模块 1 可选ISDN 接口模块RT-4BS 4端口ISDN BRI模块 1 可选E1/T1接口模块RT-1E1 1端口CE1/PRI模块 1 可选RT-2E1 2端口CE1/PRI模块 1 可选RT-4E1 4端口CE1/PRI模块 1 可选RT-1E1-F 1端口非通道化E1接口模块 1 可选RT-2E1-F 2端口非通道化E1接口模块 1 可选RT-4E1-F 4端口非通道化E1接口模块 1 可选RT-1T1 1端口T1/CT1/PRI模块 1 可选RT-2T1 2端口T1/CT1/PRI模块 1 可选RT-4T1 4端口T1/CT1/PRI模块 1 可选RT-1T1-F 1端口非通道化T1接口模块 1 可选RT-2T1-F 2端口非通道化T1接口模块 1 可选RT-4T1-F 4端口非通道化T1接口模块 1 可选E3/T3模块RT-1cE3 1端口通道化cE3接口模块 1 可选RT-1cT3 1端口通道化cT3接口模块 1 可选快速以太网接口模块RT-1FE 1端口100BaseT模块 1 可选RT-2FE 2端口100BaseT模块 1 可选RT-1SFX 1端口百兆单模光接口以太网模块 1 可选RT-1MFX 1端口百兆多模光接口以太网模块 1 可选语音接口模块RT-2FXO 2路语音处理板AL环路中继接口模块 1 可选RT-2FXS 2路语音处理板AT0用户电路接口模块 1 可选RT-2EM 2路语音处理板E&M中继接口模块 1 可选RT-4FXS 4路语音处理板AT0用户电路接口模块 1 可选RT-4FXO 4路语音处理板AL环路中继接口模块 1 可选RT-4EM 4路语音处理板E&M中继接口模块 1 可选RT-E1VI 1端口E1语音模块 1 可选RT-T1VI 1端口T1语音模块 1 可选模拟调制解调器接口模块RT-6AM 6端口模拟调制解调器接口模块 1 可选RT-12AM 12端口模拟调制解调器接口模块 1 可选网络数据加密卡RT-NDEC 网络数据加密卡 1 可选POS接入模块RT-2FCM 2端口快速连接调制解调器接口模块 1 可选RT-4FCM 4端口快速连接调制解调器接口模块 1 可选RT-6FCM 6端口快速连接调制解调器接口模块 1 可选。

CORONA 2.4GHz Spread Spectrum (FASST COMPATIBLE) R

CORONA 2.4GHz Spread Spectrum (FASST COMPATIBLE)Receiver Instruction Manual for R4FA‐SB and R6FA‐SB Compatibility:The CORONA 2.4GHz Spread Spectrum FASST Compatible Receiver is designed for use with FUTABA’s FASST 2.4GHz transmitters; including the 3PM,3PKS,3VCS,3GR,4PK(S),TM7, TM8, TM10, TM14 and the T6EX‐2.4G, 7C‐2.4G, 8FG, 10CG, 12FG. The R4FA‐SB and R6FA‐SB receivers supply a more useful mode for users. Both the R4FA‐SB and R6FA‐SB support FUTABA’s FASST air system and surface system. The R4FA‐SB supports 7‐channel with continuous PPM (positive and negative) output ,RSSI output and S.BUS output, R6FA‐SB supports 6 channel high speed PPM(HS) mode to optimize helicopter response control and S.BUS output.Under S.BUS output mode, both R4FA‐SB and R6FA‐SB supply 12 proportional channels and 2 DG channels. Therefore, the R4FA‐SB or R6FA‐SB becomes 14‐channel receivers when using S.BUS output.Specifications:Operating Current: 50mA maxOperating Voltage: 3.6 ~10VLatency: R4FA‐SB’s description14mS for independent 4 channel output and S.BUS output @ FASST multi‐channel mode21mS for Continuous PPM output and RSSI output@ FASST multi‐channel mode16mS for independent 4 channel output and S.BUS output @ FASST 7ch mode24mS for Continuous PPM output and RSSI output@ FASST 7ch mode14mS for independent 3 channel output@ FASST surface system C1 CODE modeR6FA‐SB’s description7mS for independent 6 channel (HS) output@ FASST multi‐channel mode14mS for independent 7 channel (LS) output and S.BUS output @ FASST multi‐channel mode 8ms for independent 6 channel (HS) output@ FASST 7ch mode16mS for independent 7 channel (LS) output and S.BUS output @ FASST 7ch mode14ms for independent 3 channel output@ FASST surface system C1 CODE modeSensitivity: about ‐100dBmOperation temperature:‐10~80 deg CSetup:Bind procedure:∙Turn on the FASST transmitter∙Connect the battery to the receiver while pressing the receiver’s F/S button.∙The Dual‐color LED’s will continuously cycle through the following:o Red LED light (searching radio signal)o Green LED light (acquired the radio signal)o Red LED off (bind ok)o Green LED flashes 10 times (ID stored in memory)o Green LED lights solid (normal operation)Note: FASST surface systems take a bit more time to complete the bind procedure.Fail‐safe setting:There are two ways to set the Failsafe setting on the CORONA 2.4GHz Spread Spectrum FASST Compatible Receiver;1.TX‐failsafe feature: This method sets the failsafe on the FASST transmitter and has priority (works onchannel 3 only under FASST 7ch mode or on multiple‐channels under FASST multi‐channel mode) while the receiver is on, just like FUTABA receivers (only available on FASST air system).2.RX‐failsafe feature: Turn on the FASST transmitter and then turn on the CORONA 2.4GHz Spread SpectrumReceiver, put all the sticks and switches to control inputs you want if the receiver looses signal and Press the F/S button down for about 5 ‐ 6 seconds while the Green LED lights solid (Rx in normal operation), then release the button. You will see the Red LED will flash for about 4 ‐ 5 seconds. (Note: The Red LED will FLASH high speed to indicate the RX‐failsafe is turned on OR FLASH low speed to indicate the RX‐failsafe is turned off). If you press the F/S button a second time while the Red LED is flashing, the receiver will change its RX‐failsafe status (on / off), then the LED will return to Green solid again. If you not press the F/S button, nothing will be changed and the LED will return to solid Green. If you want to cancel the RX‐failsafe feature (not just turn it off), you can do so by binding the receiver again. After binding operation the receiver will be back to factory settings without any failsafe feature.Note: If you do not set a failsafe setting, the receiver will hold all controls at the position of the last command received before signal was lost. When RX‐failsafe is turned on, the receiver will initiate the RX‐failsafe settings after loosing signal for over 1 second and the receiver will hold the last received positions until the failsafe takes over. When the RX‐failsafe and TX‐failsafe feature are both turned on, the receiver will use the TX‐failsafe command.We highly recommend you set failsafe feature before flying your models. An example of a minimal useful, failsafe setting would be to shut down the model’s throttle, so that it does not fly or drive away uncontrolled.Output mode setting (only available on FASST air system):Turn off the transmitter, connect the battery to the receiver, you will see the Red LED light flashing. The RED LED flashes at high speed to indicate the receiver is in the special output mode OR a Low speed indicates the receiver is under (LS) low speed PPM normal output mode, press the F/S button for 5‐6 seconds while the Green LED is off (Rx in signal searching status), then release the button. You will see the Green LED flash for about 4 ‐ 5 seconds. (Note: The Green LED will FLASH high speed under special mode OR FLASH low speed under normal output mode). If you press the F/S button a second time while the Green LED is flashing, the receiver will change its output mode status (special/normal), if you do not press the F/S button the output mode will not be changed and the Red LED will flash at its original speed.Note: Output mode function is described in the form below,R4FA‐SB R6FA‐SBnormal Ch1~CH4 independent PPM output normal Ch1~CH7 independent PPM outputCH1 Neg CPPM out(FUTABA trainer FUNC)^1 CH2 Pos CPPM out for special user^2 CH1~CH6 independent high speed(HS)PPM out for helicopter fast response controlCH3 RSSI PWM out for FPV()^3 specialCH4 S.BUS output for compact system specialCH7 S.BUS output for compact systemNote: ^1 refer the signal description picture below^2 refer the signal description picture below^3 refer the signal description picture belowRSSI PWM out define: Pulse width from about 900uS~ 2100uS to indicate RSSI strength from ‐100dBm~‐40dBm.Important Note: If you are using analog servos in your model you must keep your receiver under the factory settings (normal output mode) or your analog servo will get hot and possibly burn out. As well you cannot use a non S.BUS servo on a channel while S.BUS signal output present.LED status indicated under normal working status:RED LED GREEN LED Statusflash off No signal searchedoff solid Signal is very goodSometime flash solid Signal is not very goodflash flash Signal is weak。

Lincoln Power TIG 275 焊接机说明书

ProcessesStick, TIGProduct NumberK2619-1K2619-2K2620-1K2618-1 Ready-Pak®Package See back for complete specs© Lincoln Global, Inc. All Rights Reserved.275TIG WELDERSInput Power (Voltage/Phase/Hertz)K2619-1/K2618-1:208/230/460/1/60K2619-2:460/575/1/60K2620-1:220-230/380-400/415/1/50/60Input Current at Rated Output208V:104460V:47220-230V:95575V:38230V:94380-400V:55415V:50Rated Output: Current/Voltage/Duty Cycle275A/31V/40%Weight/Dimensions (H x W x D)397 lbs. (180 kg)31 x 22 x 26 in.(787 x 559 x 660 mm)INPUT OUTPUTK2618-1 Includes:K2619-1Under-Cooler Cart Water Cooler –PH: +1.216-481-8100 • LI NC OL N E L E C TR ICShown K2619-1[ 2]|Precision TIG ®275What Is It?Pulse welding systems vary weld current between peak (high heat) and background current (low heat) levels. Adjusting the pulse frequency controls the level of heat input applied to the weld relative to the weld travel speed.ResultsBetter control of heat input in the weld, resulting in:•Reduced warping and burnthrough on thin materials. •Smaller heat-affected zone – good for thin material.•Smaller bead profile without compromising proper penetration.Easy “Set It/See It” Operation:•Flashing indicator light lets you see the pulse rate before you strike an arc.W e l d i n g C u r r e ntTimePulsed TIG Weld (at 60 amps)Standard TIG Weld (at 60 amps) Smaller HeatAffected ZoneSmaller Bead ProfileMicro-Start ™II Technology aids arc stabilityTHROUGHOUT THE WELD CYCLE – even at the lowest amperage! Micro-Start ™II Technologycontrolled ramp down helps precisely fill the weld crater for quality results.Micro-Start ™II Technology minimizes high frequency and ‘hot starts’ to deliver soft arc starts without arc wandering for AC and DC welding. Arc PerformanceMicro-Start ™Stable, Focused Arc Precise Crater Fill“Set It/See It” Pulse Control — Make attractive and consistent welds!N O WIN C L U D ESf o r A L UM IN U MW E L D INGA CPrecision TIG ®275| [ 3]AC Auto Balance ®Controls —Automatically sets the optimal cleaning vs. penetration level for aluminum welding!What Is It?When aluminum welding, the positive (+) portion of the AC weldingamperage cleans the oxides from the aluminum surface. The negative (-)portion delivers more heat input, increasing penetration level.Patented AC Auto Balance ®automatically sets the ratio of cleaning action (+) versus penetration (-) based on amperage.Manual balance control provides the flexibility to customize the arc to your preference.Easy Operation:•Set it and forget it or override when you choose to customize the settings.More Cleaning (+)Less Cleaning (+)Less Penetration(-)More Penetration (-)W E L D I N G W E L D I N G TIMETIMEMaximum Cleaning SettingMaximum Penetration SettingAuto Balance Setting•Fan-As-Needed (F.A.N.)™minimizes repeated heating and cooling of internal components, keeps dust and dirt build-up to a minimum and saves on electricity costs. •Engineered cooling air routing brings clean air in from the top and exhausts at the bottom to draw and collect less dirt in the machine. •Compare these reliability enhancing design features: — Crimped and soldered power connections.— Wound and varnished electrical coils do not require coil spacers used on competitive models. — Locking tabs on PC board connectors eliminates loose connections.•Tough testing cycles ensure long service — dropping, jerking,rolling, shipping, vibration, resistance to real world extreme conditions, and extended in-service life testing. •CSA C/US certified.•Lincoln three-year warranty on parts and labor.Clean, cool air route shown.Snap-action durable switches make positive mechanical contact to reduce chances ofintermittent contact failure.[ 4]| Precision TIG ®275Shown: K2618-1Water-Cooled Ready-Pak ®PackageTorch Parts Storage Compartment.Optional TIG pulsing helps you make great welds.Water-cooled torch connections with no adapters — side mounted to keep out of the way and protected.Neat/organized cable management with integratedtorch holster.Separate output studs for stick and TIG keep both stick electrode holder and TIG torch connected at the same time — eliminates set-up changeover when switching processes.Easily accessible input voltagereconnect panel.Low-Lift ™ Shielding Gas Bottle Platform.Lockable Undercarriage Storage and Water Cooler Drawers.Reliable Pro-Con Pump.Optional Features:(standard with K2618-1 Water-Cooled Ready-Pak ®Package)Precision TIG ®275| [ 5]Large, well-spaced controls make it easy to view and set upwith gloved hands.SET-UP MENUPress and hold the menu button to display up to seven programmable parameters. The setting of the desired level is displayed, and increasing or decreasing the level setting is easy.The Set-Up Menu includes:Standard•DC TIG Start Modes: High Frequency, Scratch Start, and Touch Start TIG ®.•Adjustable Preflow Time.•Adjustable Start Pulse for Soft or Forceful Starts.With Optional Advanced Control Panel •Adjustable TIG Hot Start.•Adjustable Upslope Time.•Adjustable Stick Hot Start.•Adjustable Stick Arc Force.A)Minimum Output Control & Display Switch (Also displays output voltage)B)Set-Up Menu (see below)C)Digital MeterD)Local/Remote Current Control Switch E)Maximum Output Control F)Post Flow Time G)Thermal Shutdown Light H)Optional Advanced Control Panel 1)Trigger Switch (2-step/4-step)2)Pulse/Spot Time Mode Switch 3)Pulse Frequency Control 4)Pulse % On Time Control 5)Pulse Background Current Control 6)Downslope Time, In Seconds 7)Spot Time I)Polarity Switch J)Power Switch K)AC Balance Control L)Mode SwitchH123 4 & 756BCDEAF G HI J KLC U S T O M E R A S S I S T A N C E P O L I C YThe business of The Lincoln Electric Company ®is manufacturing and selling high quality welding equipment, consumables, and cutting equipment. Our challenge is to meet the needs of our customers and to exceed their expectations. On occasion, purchasers may ask Lincoln Electric for information or advice about their use of our products. Our employees respond to inquiries to the best of their ability based on information provided to them by the customers and the knowledge they may have concerning the application. Our employees, however, are not in a position to verify the information provided or to evaluate the engineering requirements for the particular weldment. Accordingly, Lincoln Electric does not warrant or guarantee or assume any liability with respect to such information or advice. Moreover, the provision of such information or advice does not create, expand, or alter any warranty on our products. Any express or implied warranty that might arise from the information or advice, including any implied warranty of merchantability or any warranty of fitness for any customers’ particular purpose is specifically disclaimed.Lincoln Electric is a responsive manufacturer, but the selection and use of specific products sold by Lincoln Electric is solely within the control of, and remains the sole responsibility of the customer. Many variables beyond the control of Lincoln Electric affect the results obtained in applying these types of fabrication methods and service requirements.Subject to Change – This information is accurate to the best of our knowledge at the time of printing. Please refer to for any updated information.For best welding results with Lincoln Electric equipment,always use Lincoln Electric consumables. Visit for more details.GENERAL OPTIONSAdvanced Control Panel Provides 2/4-step trigger with adjustable Pulser controls and Downslope timer for TIG welding.Also includes adjustable Hot Start and Arc Force internal panel controls for stick welding, and other user selectable features.Order K2621-1Under-Cooler Cart Water Cooler Includes “cooler-in-a-drawer” with hoses and a lockable storage drawer on a dual bottle undercarriage. Two gallon (7.5 ltrs.) capacity.Order K1828-1UndercarriageIncludes a dual bottle rack with chain and front casters, rear wheels and a handle. Order K1869-1Harris ®Argon Flowmeter RegulatorDeluxe flowmeter/regulator. Includes 10 ft. (3.0 m) hose. Order 3100211Work Clamp & Cable Assembly 15 ft. 2/0 cable with 1/2 in. stud lug and work clamp. Order K2150-1STICK OPTIONSAccessory KitFor stick welding. Includes 35 ft.(10.7 m) 2/0 electrode cable with lug, 30 ft. (9.1 m) 2/0 work cable with lugs, headshield, filter plate,work clamp and electrode holder.400 amp capacity.Order K704Accessory KitFor stick welding. Includes 20 ft. (6.1 m) #6 electrode cable with lug,15 ft. (4.6 m) #6 work cable with lugs, headshield, filter plate, work clamp, electrode holder and sample pack of mild steel electrode. 150amp capacity.Order K875Remote Output ControlConsists of a control box with choice of two cable lengths. Permits remote adjustment of output. 6 pin connection.Order K857for 25 ft. (7.6 m)Order K857-1for 100 ft. (30.5 m) TIG OPTIONSMagnum®Pro-Torch™TIG TorchesA full line of air-cooled and water-cooled torches available.Request publication E12.150PTA-26 One-Cable AdapterAdapts the 7/8 in. PTA-26 fitting tothe 5/8 in. gas and powerconnection on machine. Order K2166-1PTA-9, -17 One-Cable Adapter Adapts the 3/8 in. PTA-9 or -17fitting to the 5/8 in. gas and power connection on machine.Order K2166-3PTA-9, PTA-17, PTA-26 Two-Cable AdapterConverts the 7/8 in. water andpower connection on the machine to a 1/2 in. output stud for use with a two-cable air-cooled TIG torch.Order K2166-2Foot Amptrol ™Varies current for making critical TIG welds. Depress pedal to increase current. Depressing pedal fullyachieves maximum set current. Fully raising the pedal finishes the weld and starts the afterflow cycle.Includes 25 ft. (7.6 m) control cable.6-pin plug connection.Order K870Hand Amptrol ™Provides 25 ft. (7.6 m) of remote current control for TIG welding (6 pin plug connection). Velcro straps secure torch.Order K963-3(One size fits all Pro-Torch ™TIG Torches.)Arc Start SwitchNeeded if an Amptrol ™is not used when TIG welding. Comes with a 25ft. (7.6 m) cable. Attaches to the TIG torch for convenient finger control. 6-pin plug connection. Order K814Cut Length Consumables TIG welding filler metals are available for welding stainless steel, mild steel, aluminum and copper alloys.See publication C1.10。

PRO2000滤芯说明书

PRO2000 FILTERSFOR RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTPRO2000 FILTERSColour CodeCode Filter Type ApplicationWeight StorageTime,yearsPARTICLE FILTER5052670 5052680PF10 P3 R PFR 10 P3Solid and liquid particles of toxic agents, radioactive substances and microorganisms, e.g. bacteria and viruses.969210GAS FILTER5042870GF 22 A2Organic gases and vapours, e.g. solvents with a boiling point above 65ºC.19555042871GF 22 B2Inorganic gases and vapours, e.g. chlorine, hydrogen sulphide and hydrogen cyanide.198********GF 32 E2Acid gases and vapours e.g. sulphur dioxide.30655042873GF 22 K2Ammonia and organic ammonia derivates.25755542874GF 22 A2B2Organic and inorganic gases and vapours.198********GF 32 A2B2E2K2Organic, inorganic and acid gases and vapours as well as ammonia.32255042970GF 32 AXGases and vapours from organic compounds with a boiling point below 65ºC.2685COMBINED FILTER50426705543070CF22 A2-P3 PSL R CF32 A2-P3 ROrganic gases and vapours, e.g. solvents with a boiling point above 65ºC, solid and liquid particles, radioactive and toxic particles and micro-organisms.24134255042671CF22 B2-P3 PSL R Inorganic gases and vapours, e.g. chlorine, hydrogen sulphide, hydrogen yanide, fluorine, cyanogen chloride, phosgene and solid and liquid particles, radioactive and toxic particles and micro-organisms.26855043072CF 32 E2-P3 R Acid gases and vapours e.g. sulphur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride, formic acid, nitric dioxide, solid and liquid particles, radioactive and toxic particles and micro-organisms.38555042673CF 22 K2-P3 R Ammonia and organic ammonia derivates,solid and liquid particles, radioactive and toxic particles and micro-organisms.31255542674CF22 A2B2-P3/PSL R Organic and inorganic gases and vapours,solid and liquid particles, radioactive and toxic particles and micro-organisms26855042678CF22A2B2E1-P3/PSL ROrganic, inorganic and acid gases and vapours, solid and liquid particles, radioactive and toxic particles and plus micro-organisms.26855045080CFR22 A1B1E1K1 NO CO20 P3 R DGases and vapours from organic compounds with a boiling point above 65ºC, Inorganic gases and vapours, acid gases and vapours, Ammonia andorganic ammonia derivatives, Nitrogen oxides (single use), Carbon monoxide (single use), Solid and liquid, radioactive and toxic particles and micro-organisms, e.g. bacteria and viruses.370 3957 75045070CFR32 A2B2E2K1 Hg NO CO20 -P3 R D50427995543699CF32 A2B2E2K2-P3PSL RCFR32 A2B2E2K2-P3ROrganic, inorganic and acid gases and vapours as well as ammonia and organic ammonia derivatives, solid and liquid hazardousparticles, e.g. radioactive and toxic substances and micro-organisms.387 387 5 *)55042770CF32 AX-P3 RGases and vapours from organic compounds with a boiling point below 65°C, solid andliquid hazardous particles, e.g. radioactive and toxic substances and micro-organisms.350555427775043679CF32 Reactor-Hg-P3 RCFR32 Reactor-Hg-P3 R Mercury and mercury compounds, radioactive iodine and its organic compounds like methyl iodide, solid and liquid hazardous particles, e.g.radioactive and toxic substances and micro-organisms.331 331555542798CF 32 AB2E2K2Hg- P3Organic, inorganic and acid gases and vapoursas well as ammonia and organic ammonia derivates, mercury and mercury compounds, solid and liquid particles, radioactive and toxic particles and micro-organisms.3715PF10 P3 RCF 22 A2-P3CF 22 B2-P3CF 32 E2-P3CF 22 K2-P3CF 22 A2B2-P3CF 22 A2B2E1-P3CF 32 A2B2E2K2-P3CFR 32 A2B2E2K2-P3CF 32 AX-P3CF 32 REACTOR-HG-P3CFR22 A1B1E1K1NO-CO20 P3 R DCF 32 A2B2E2K2-HG-P3GF32 A2B2E2K2GF22 A2B2GF22 K2GF32 AXGF32 E2GF22 A2GF22 B2GAS FILTER CAPACITY TO EN 14387:2004PARTICLE FILTER CAPACITY TO EN 143Class Capacity Max gas concentration EN 14387. Negative pressure respirators Max gas concentration. EN 12941 & 12942.Powered air respirators Class 1Low capacity 0,1 vol.% (1000 ppm)0,05 vol.% (500 ppm)Class 2Medium capacity 0,5 vol.% (5000 ppm)0,1 vol.% (1000 ppm)Class 3High capacity1 vol.% (10 000 ppm)0,5 vol.% (5 000 ppm)MAX PERMITTED PENETRATIONClass Capacity NaCl (solid, dusts)Parrafin Oil (liquid particles, aerosols)P1Low capacity(against harmful solid particles)20%20%P2Medium capacity(against solid and liquid hazardous particles)6%6%P3High capacity(against solid and liquid toxic particles)0.05%0.05%N O T E !The filtering device may be used only if the oxygen content of the air is 18 - 23 vol.%. The substances in the air must be identified and measured. Airbornecontamination levels must be compared with acceptable limits. The maximum exposure limits must not be exceeded! The filtering device must not be used if the environment and contamination are unknown or if the composition of the atmosphere is likely tochange disadvantageously. In case of doubt, insulating respirators, which function independently from theatmosphere, must be used. Gas filters do not protect against particles and particle filters do not provide protection against gases or vapours. In case of doubt, use combined filters.UK:T el: +44 (0) 1695 711711**************************Finland:T el: +358 (0)6 3244 511***************************GF or CF 22 = 220 ml volume GF or CF 32 = 320 ml volume CFR = Reduced opening。

ast2620芯片手册_范文模板

ast2620芯片手册范文模板1. 引言1.1 概述本文主要介绍了AST2620芯片的手册内容和相关信息。

AST2620芯片是一款应用广泛的高性能低功耗芯片，具有出色的处理能力和多种接口功能。

该手册旨在为用户提供详细的技术规格和使用指南，帮助用户充分了解和应用AST2620芯片。

1.2 文章结构本文将按照以下四个部分来组织内容：AST2620芯片的特性、应用领域、技术规格以及结论。

在第二部分中，我们将介绍AST2620芯片作为一个整体的特性和优势。

然后，在第三部分中，我们将探讨AST2620芯片在不同领域的应用，包括工业控制、物联网和智能家居等方面。

接下来，在第四部分中，我们将详细介绍AST2620芯片的技术规格，包括处理器架构与核心数目、内存和存储容量以及接口和通信功能等方面。

最后，在结论部分，我们将总结AST2620芯片的优势和适用场景，并展望它在未来的发展前景，并提出对手册完善与扩展方面的建议。

1.3 目的本文的目的在于提供一份详细并且易于理解的AST2620芯片手册，使读者能够全面了解AST2620芯片的特性、应用领域和技术规格。

通过阅读本手册，读者将对AST2620芯片有更深入的认识，并能够更好地利用它的优势和功能。

同时，我们也希望通过展望其未来发展前景和提出建议，为用户提供更多有益的信息和参考。

2. ast2620芯片的特性:2.1 芯片介绍:ast2620芯片是一款专为嵌入式系统设计的高性能低功耗芯片。

它采用先进的制造工艺和优化的架构，具有出色的处理能力和卓越的稳定性。

它内置了多个处理器核心以及丰富的外设接口，可以满足各种复杂应用场景的需求。

2.2 高性能特性:ast2620芯片具有出色的高性能特性，其中包括：- 多核处理器: ast2620芯片内部集成了多个处理器核心，每个核心都具有独立运算和控制能力。

这样可以实现多任务并行执行，提升系统整体的处理效率。

- 高频率运行: ast2620芯片支持高频率运行，可以快速响应操作指令并进行大规模数据处理。

华为Quidway R系列路由器产品2630

华为Quidway R系列路由器产品ROUTER ProductsQuidway R1603/1604 ISDN路由器Quidway(R)R1603/1604路由器是深圳市华为技术有限公司面向家庭办公、小型办公室（SOHO）开发的新一代路由器产品。

她接口丰富、灵活，报文处理能力强，配置维护简单，造型柔和而且性价比高，在网络银行、集中监控和集中管理等网络方案中，作为分支路由器得到了广泛的应用。

Quidway(R)R1603/1604 路由器内置两路模拟电话接口，内置TA功能。

可利用ISDN的两个B信道，话音与数据灵活组合；在访问局域网的同时，可打电话或收发传真；可启动话音优先的功能；两部分机可不占用ISDN线路互相拨打。

系统说明项目描述接口•1个以太网口•1个串口，同/异步•1个ISDN BRI S/T接口（Quidway(R) R1603）•1个ISDN BRI U接口（Quidway(R) R1604）•1个配置口，异步•2个POTS电话接口处理器MC68EN360 33MHz缺省DRAM配置16MB最大DRAM配置32MB缺省Flash配置 2.5MB最大Flash配置 2.5MB包转发能力2－3Kpps外型尺寸高×长×宽=3cm ×24cm ×17cm输入电压9V DC ( 5 %)输入电流1．5A环境温度0~40℃环境湿度10~90%不结露接口属性说明以太网口属性:属性描述接头10BASE-T(RJ-45)支持帧格式•Ethernet_II•Ethernet_SNAP•802.2•802.3支持网络协议IPNovell IPX桥串口属性:ISDN BRI接口属性:属性描述接头RJ-45协议标准符合ITU-T I.430,Q.921,Q.931标准工作方式•ISDN拨号方式•ISDN专线方式支持服务•ISDN•ISDN补充业务多用户号码子地址•备份支持协议•PPP over ISDN•MP配置口属性:属性描述接头RJ-45接口标准异步EIA/TIA-232波特率9600bps支持服务命令行接口•与字符终端相连•与本地PC的串口相连并在PC上运行终端仿真程序•与远地PC的串口通过Modem相连并在PC上运行终端仿真程序POTS接口属性:属性描述接头RJ-11功能•内部呼叫转移•分机互通•分机代接•三方通话支持的操作平台软件版本：软件版本VRP 1.0VRP 1.1VRP 1.2VRP 1.21VRP 1.3网管平台支持：网管软件QuidV iewIManager N2000Quidway R1602路由器Quidway R1602路由器是华为技术有限公司推出的适应于家庭办公，SOHO办公环境的多协议分支路由器，本路由器适用于：1．中小型企业办公网络的远程互联；2．大型企业与其小型远程分支机构企业网络的互联；3．要求低廉的网络建设成本和优异的网络性能兼而得之的需求；4．需要支持多种网络层和链路层协议的场合；5．需要支持多种动态路由协议的网络；6．家庭，社区办公网络。

华为Quidway R2600系列模块化路由器的启动与配置

华为Quidway R2600/3600 系列模块化路由器的启动与配置第一次安装使用Quidway R2600/3600 系列模块化路由器时，只能通过配置口（Console）进行配置。

Quidway R2600/3600 系列模块化路由器包含以下型号：R2620、R2621 、R2630 、R2631 、R3640 、R3680 、R2630E 、R2631E 、R3640E 、R3680E 。

1. 配置电缆连接第一步：将配置电缆的DB9（或DB25 ）孔式插头接到要对路由器进行配置的微机或终端的串口上。

第二步：将配置电缆的RJ45 一端连到路由器的配置口（Console ）上。

2. 设置微机或终端的参数第一步：打开微机或终端。

如果使用微机进行配置，需要在微机上运行终端仿真程序，如Windows95/Windows98/Windows NT 的超级终端。

第二步：设置终端参数。

参数要求：设置波特率为9600，数据位为8，奇偶校验为无，停止位为1，流�*刂莆蓿≡裰斩朔抡嫖猇T100。

3. 路由器上电确认路由器与配置终端的连接正确，确认已经完成配置终端参数的设置后，即可对路由器上电。

启动过程1. Boot ROM 引导路由器开机上电后，将首先运行Boot ROM 程序，终端屏幕上显示如下系统信息：说明：不同版本Boot ROM 终端上显示的界面可能会略有差别。

Quidway start booting******************************************* ** Quidway Series Router Boot Rom, V4.16 ** *******************************************Copyright(C) 1999-2001 by HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD.Now Testing Memory...OK!64M bytes DRAM8192K bytes FlashPress Ctrl-B to enter Boot Menu ..........键入<Ctrl+B>，系统将进入Boot 菜单；否则，系统开始初始化。

02-网络故障排除--物理层及以太网故障排除

目录第1章物理层故障排除 (i)1.1物理层故障排除综述 (i)1.2 Quidway系列路由器升级过程的故障排除 (ii)1.2.1 Quidway系列路由器软件升级指导 (ii)1.2.2 Quidway系列路由器内存升级指导 (vi)1.3 案例分析 (viii)1.3.1 与路由器相连设备的故障导致路由器无法正常启动 (viii)1.3.2 线路阻抗不匹配导致广域网链路无法建立 (x)1.3.3 线路阻抗不匹配导致R3680路由器4CE1/E1口不断Up/Down (xi)1.3.4电源接地不好导致路由器通信不畅通 (xiii)1.3.5 接地和防护方面不合要求，在电压漂移（或雷击）时造成设备损坏 (xiv)1.3.6 交换机和路由器E&M模块间中继线连接错误致使无法打通电话 (xv)1.3.7 RS232线序错误造成华为路由器异步串口与ATM取款机无法连通； (xvii)1.3.8 V.35DTE、DCE电缆混用导致链路层协议不能UP (xix)第2章以太网故障排除.............................................................................................................. 2-12.1以太网故障排除综述.......................................................................................................... 2-12.1.1以太网功能和性能的常见问题................................................................................. 2-12.1.2 由以太网实现形式差异产生的问题.......................................................................... 2-32.1.3 以太网故障排除的一般步骤..................................................................................... 2-42.2与以太网故障相关的show、debug命令介绍..................................................................... 2-52.2.1 Show interface ethernet .......................................................................................... 2-52.2.2 Debug ethernet ....................................................................................................... 2-82.3 以太网故障案例分析 .......................................................................................................... 2-92.3.1速率不匹配导致Sun E450和R2631以太网链路时通时断的问题............................. 2-92.3.2 用户网段广播包过多造成该网段的服务器FTP业务传输速度慢............................. 2-122.3.3 帧格式不匹配导致以太网口状态为Down ............................................................... 2-142.3.4 全双工/半双工不匹配导致网络流量增大时丢包现象较严重................................... 2-15第1章物理层故障排除1.1 物理层故障排除综述Quidway系列路由器的安装和使用注意事项请严格按照安装手册进行。

Lutron RadioRA 2 无线控制系统设置指南说明书

start heremanual setup guidea step-by-step guide for manually setting up a complete Lutron® RadioRA R 2 wireless control systemplease leave this setup guide with ownerLutron T echnical Support Hotline800.523.9466 U.S.A./Canada/Caribbean24 hours, 7 days a weektable of contentsread through all instructions before starting overview3planning and design 6 installing 8 creating the system 10 choosing room/scene buttons 12 about programming 14 programming buttons 15 programming keypad columns 22 programming Pico ® wireless controls 24 programming shortcuts 27 programming Visor Control Receiver 29 optional: configuring VCRX inputs 31 optional: testing RF signal quality 32 optional: setting shade/drapery limits 34 resetting devices to factory settings 35 repeater troubleshooting 37 device troubleshooting 38Technical Support 24/7—800.523.9466If you have any questions, visit us on the web at /radiora2.For immediate assistance, call the Lutron R Technical Support Hotline at 800.523.9466 (U.S.A./Canada/Caribbean) 24 hours, 7 days a week./radiora2Lutron ®| 3R 2 Design programming must be performed using the RadioRA R 2 Design and Setup PC Tool.RadioRA R 2 is a wireless multi-room control system for lights and Shades/Draperies. Create the right ambiance for various activities, easily monitor and control your lights, reduce energy usage, and increase safety in and around your home.Manually programmed systems can have up to 100 devices (1 Main Repeater, 0 to 4 Auxiliary Repeaters, and 1 to 95 other devices). Additional qualification is needed for PC programming and for systems over 100 devices. Qualified Level 2 (L2) dealers/installers can upgrade their software to provide support for a 200 device system. Contact your Lutron R representative to learn more about PC programming or the qualification program.24/7 Technical Support—800.523.94664 | Lutron ®Main Repeaterand ensures error-free communication between system components.Auxiliary RepeaterExtends RF coverage to ensure error-free communication between system components.Dimmer/SwitchReplaces a standard light switch. Dimmers allows smooth transitions of light and create unique lighting environments.seeTouch ® KeypadWall-Mount—controls lights andShades / Draperies throughout the home.Tabletop—convenient, portable control of lights and Shades/Draperies throughout the home.Pico ® Wireless ControlBattery-powered, retrofit, portable Keypad for convenient control of lights andShades/Draperies throughout the home.ModuleDimmerR Wall-Mount Keypad R Tabletop KeypadRControl* some systems do not require every component listed/radiora2Lutron ® | 5Hybrid KeypadReplaces a standard light switch for dimming control. Buttons control lights and Shades/Draperies locally andthroughout the home.Visor Control TransmitterControls lights throughout the home from the comfort of your car.Visor Control ReceiverReceives signal from Visor Control Transmitter and transmits to the entire RadioRA R 2 system.GRAFIK Eye ® QS Wireless UnitPowers and controls up to six zones of lights and up to 3 zones of Shades/ Draperies in a room.Wireless Shade/DraperyAllows quiet, precise control of daylight.Control Transmitter Control Receiver* s ome systems do not require every component listedWireless UnitWireless Shade/DraperySivoia R QS Triathalon R Shade24/7 Technical Support—800.523.94666 | Lutron ®system planningA properly planned RadioRA ® 2 system is easy to use and provides the maximum benefits. Planning a system involves creating areas. An area is a group of lights and Shades/Draperies that are controlled together. Consider the following questions when designing your system:• What areas do I want to control?• What load types do I want to control?• How many devices do I need in each area?•How will the Keypad buttons control the areas?Use the following five steps to answer the above questions when designing your system.system design1. Identify the areas of the home to be controlled.Example areas:• Master suite• Kitchen/Family room 2. Identify the load types to be controlled.Example loads:• I ncandescent/Halogen • CFL/LED• Magnetic Low Voltage (MLV)• Electronic Low Voltage (ELV)3. Install devices to control as much of the lighting within the areas as possible (i.e. Dimmers, Switches, Shades/Draperies, etc.).4. Place at least one Keypad or Wireless Control in each area.•Outdoor/Entry • Basement•Shade/Drapery • Fluorescent • Garage door• Other switched loads/radiora2Lutron ®| 75. Choose how the Keypads will control the areas.® Wireless Controls and24/7 Technical Support—800.523.94668| Lutron ®After planning and designing the layout of the system, install system components according to the installation instructions that came with each component.installing devices• Dimmers, Switches, and Hybrid Keypads® 2 Remote Dimmers or Remote Switches.• seeTouch ® Wall-Mount and Tabletop Keypads • Pico ® Wireless Controls• Sivoia ® QS Wireless Shades/Draperies • GRAFIK Eye ® QS Wireless Controls•Visor Control Transmitter (VCTX) and Visor Control Receiver (VCRX)door opener.QS Wireless Shade/DraperyKeypad60 ft (18 m) maximum 60 ft (18 m) maximumAuxiliary Repeater/radiora2Lutron®| 924/7 Technical Support—800.523.946610| Lutron ®creating the systemsystem setupTo set up a RadioRA ® 2 system, components must be added to the Main Repeater. First, add Auxiliary Repeater(s)*; then add all other system devices.adding Auxiliary Repeaters and devices 1. Enter Add ModePress and hold the Addon the Main Repeater until the green Add After the green Add components.2. Add Auxiliary Repeater(s)*Press and hold the Add button on an Auxiliary Repeater for 3 seconds until the green Add LED begins to rapid-flash.ahead to step 3.When an Auxiliary Repeater has been added successfully, the Main Repeater will beep once and the Add LED on the Auxiliary Repeater will normal-flash. The Repeater Status LEDs corresponding to the Auxiliary Repeater that was added will also turn on.To add another Auxiliary Repeater (4 Auxiliary Repeaters maximum), repeat step 2.* Auxiliary Repeater(s) are required when devices extend beyond the range of the Main Repeatercreating the system3. Add devicesWhen a device has been successfully added, the Repeater will beep.4. Exit Add Modeuntil the Add LED begins to rapid-flash. After the LED turns off (can take up to 60 seconds), system has exited Add Mode.section.Keypad button LEDs can be configured to show the status of the lights or Shades/Draperies programmed to the Keypad button. They can be configured to provide Room Status (default) or Scene Status.levels. The bottom button should be very low or off.* S hades / Draperies do not have an “off” state. Adding them to a Room Status button will result in unpredictable behavior. Use Scene Status buttons to control Shades / Draperies.button configurationindicated by the LEDs normal-flashing.3. Exit Button ConfigurationPress and hold the top 3 buttons and VCRX Keypad (3 to 6 seconds).about programmingAfter all components have been added to theRadioRA ® 2 system and all Keypad buttonshave been configured as Scene or RoomStatus, program the Keypads so that eachbutton controls a device (i.e. Dimmer,Switch, Shade/Drapery, etc.) or a group ofdevices. Programming a button consistsof assigning devices to buttons andsetting levels of those devices.contact closure inputs.Pico ® Wireless Controls and "Shade"Keypad columns are programmedas a column of buttons. Consult theprogramming Pico ® wireless controlsand programming keypad columnssections.must be plugged in during set upand programming.1. Enter Program ModebuttonsKeypad2. Select the button to programprogrammed.desired button.button is selected, all the LEDs willscroll down.Keypad and Inputs buttonscan be programed but the VCRX Security Input buttons can not be programmed in manuallyprogrammed systems.Steps 3 to 7 cover assigning devices to the selected button and setting the levels for those devices. To assign the devices, follow the3. Assign Dimmer/Switch and set leveli. Press and hold the main button onthe Dimmer/Switch to be assigned for3 seconds.When the Dimmer/Switch has been successfully assigned, the load connectedto the Dimmer/Switch will turn on/off 3 timesand the LED(s) will normal-flash.and hold the main button on the Dimmer/Switch for 3 seconds until the load turnson/off 3 times and the LED(s) turn off.ii. Adjust the level of the assigned Dimmer/Switch to the desired setting using the raise/lower buttons on the Dimmer, or using thedevice off.Switches to the currently selected Keypadbutton, repeat step 3.restart at step 2.normal-flash.Keypad is assigned to the local load ofthat Hybrid Keypad, the LED of the button being programmed will flash 2 timesfollowed by a single flash of all the LEDs.buttons on the Hybrid Keypad for3 seconds until the load turns on/off3 times and the LEDs turn off.ii. A djust the level of the assigned Hybrid Keypad to the desired setting using theraise/lower buttons on the Hybrid Keypad.To toggle the Hybrid Keypad on/off, press and release the raise and lower buttons at the same time.Room Status Keypad button cannot beset to Off.button, repeat step 4.restart at step 2.Individual zones and single scenes can be assigned to buttons on GRAFIK Eye® QS Wireless units, but not both to the same unit.Step 5 covers assigning zones to a button, and step 6 coversassigning a scene to a button. If assigning single scenes to buttons, skip ahead to step 6.5. Assign individual zones to a GRAFIK Eye® QS Wireless unitand set levelsi.S imultaneously press the raise and lowerbuttons of the zone to be assigned.W hen the zone has been successfullyassigned, the zone LEDs will normal-flash.the 3 middle LEDs are lit.ii. A djust the level of the assigned zoneto the desired setting using the raise/lowerbuttons of the zone. While adjusting levels,the zone LEDs display the level and do notflash. Tapping another zone resumes flashingon the previous zone. After 3 seconds ofinactivity, the assigned zone LEDs resumeflashing.step 5.restart at step 2.® QS Wireless unit, skip step6 for this GRAFIK Eye® QS Wireless unit.Individual zones and single scenes can notbe assigned to the same GRAFIK Eye® QSWireless unit.6. Assign single scenes to a GRAFIK Eye® QS Wireless unitand set levelsGRAFIK Eye® QS Wireless unit.i. P ress the OK button to enter theScene menu.ii. U se the Master raise/lower buttons toselect the desired scene, then press theOK button to confirm the selection.W hen the scene has been successfullyassigned, all zone LEDs will flash at theirscene preset levels and loads will go to theassigned scene.® QS Wireless unit, repeatstep 6., the zone LEDs will not flash.® QSWireless unit back to individual zones, usethe Master raise/lower buttons to select“Zones”, then press the OK button.locally at the GRAFIK Eye® QS Wireless unit.OK button then use the Master raise/lower buttons to select “Unassign”, thenpress the OK button to complete theunassignment.button, restart at step 2.7. Assign Sivoia® QS Wireless Shade/Drapery and set levelA. Roller Shade/Draperyi.PUnit (EDU)When the Roller Shade/Drapery has beensuccessfully assigned, the green LED on theEDU will rapid-flash.button for 3 seconds. The LED on the EDUwill flash twice in 2 seconds, then turn offfor 8 seconds.ii. A djust the level of the assigned RollerShade/Drapery to the desired setting usingopen position, double-tap the open buttonB. Triathalon R Shadei. P ress and release the Triathalonbutton.When the Triathalon R rapid-flash.R Shade,press and release the Shade button.The LED on the Shade will flash twice in2 seconds, then turn off for 8 seconds.ii. A djust the level of the Triathalon R Shade.Levels of Triathalon R Shades cannot be setlocally. To adjust the level of a Shade, skipahead to step 8 (exit program mode) andrefer to programming shortcuts .Draperies to the currently selected Keypadbutton repeat step 7.restart at step 2.8. Exit Program Modebuttons Keypad rapid-flash."Shade" Keypad columns are shipped pre-configured from Lutron, and typically have engraving for Shades/Draperies (i.e. open, preset, close). GRAFIK Eye ® QS Wireless unit "Shade" columns are pre-configured as RadioRA ® 2 "Shade" Keypad columns. Only Shades/Draperies can be programmed to "Shade" Keypad columns.1. Enter Program ModeT abletop Keypads must be plugged in during set up andT ap the preset buttondevices will go to their preset level and the selected preset button LED will turn on solid.ii. T ap the Open button to wiggle the next Shade/Shade/Drapery. The wiggling Shade/Drapery is the selected Shade/Drapery.iii. P ress the raise or lower button to adjust the level of the Shade/Drapery.iv. P ress and hold the preset button for 3 seconds until the LED rapid-flashes to save the level of theShade/Drapery.repeat step 3.o cancel preset save, tap the selectedpreset button.Press and hold the top and bottom buttons of the selected Keypad column for 3 seconds until theRepeater beeps.Pico® Wireless Controls are available in “Light” and “Shade”versions. The “Light” version can control lighting and the “Shade”version can control Shades/Draperies. "Shade" versions areshipped pre-configured from Lutron, and typically have engraving for Shades/Draperies.1. Enter Program ModePress and hold the top and bottom buttonsof a Pico® Wireless Control for 3 seconds until theRepeater beeps.Pico® Wireless Control will close and the green LEDon the EDU will rapid-flash. An unassigned Shade/Drapery will open and the green LED on the EDU willflash twice in 2 seconds, then turn off for 8 seconds.2. Assign DevicesA. Dimmer/Switch ("Light" version only)Press and hold the main button on the Dimmer/Switch to be assigned for 3 seconds. When theDimmer/Switch has been successfully assigned, theload connected to the Dimmer/Switch will turn on/off3 times and the LED(s) will normal-flash.3 seconds until the load turns on/off 3 times and theLED(s) turn off.® Wireless Control, skip aheadto step 4.B. Shade/Drapery ("Shade" version only)A Shade/Drapery can be assigned either at a Pico®Wireless Control or locally at the Shade/Drapery.a. A t the Pico® Wireless Control:i. T ap the Open buttonShade/Drapery.ii. T ap the Lower buttonb. At the Shade/Drapery:TLED will rapid-flash.3. Set presets for Shades/Draperiesi. T ap the preset button you wish to program.Assigned devices will go to their preset level.ii. T ap the Open button to wiggle the next Shade/Drapery or tap the Close button to wiggle theprevious Shade/Drapery. The wiggling Shade/Drapery is the selected Shade/Drapery.iii. P ress the raise or lower button to adjust thelevel of the Shade/Drapery.iv. P ress and hold the preset button for3 seconds to save the level of the Shade/Drapery.a preset button is selected, the currently selectedpreset will not be saved.o cancel preset save, tap the selectedpreset button.4. Exit Program ModePress and hold the top and bottom buttons of the selected Pico® Wireless Control for 3 seconds until the Repeater beeps.® Wireless Control, repeat steps 1 to 4.3. Save levelsPress and hold the previouslyselected Keypad button 8 seconds.copy button programmingAny previously programmed Keypad button in a Keypad column can be copied to another Keypad button. A Keypad button can be copied to a Keypad button on the same Keypad or to a Keypad button on a different Keypad. Buttons in a "Shade" Keypad column can not be copied.copying to. See steps 1 and 7 of programming buttons.1. Enter Program Mode on a previously programmed KeypadRRD-W2RLD Keypad and VCRX Keypadnormal-flash.2. Press and release the previously3. Paste programming to a new Keypad buttonrapid-flashes for 2 seconds.AKeypad has exited Program Mode.4. Exit Program ModeLEDs rapid-flash.Press and hold theon a VCRXLED turns on solid.2. Learn a VCTX button to a VCRXi.VCRXon solid.ii.pressed.Press and release the Learn button on the VCRX until the Learn LED turns off.the LED next to selected VCRX button will turn off when the VCTX button is released.button, press and release the VCTX button again. The LED next to the VCRX button will rapid-flash if the VCTX button was learned.remove all VCTXs from the VCRXTo remove ALL VCTXs that have been learned to the VCRX, follow these steps:i. Triple tap and hold the Learn button.DO NOT release the button after thethird tap.ii. Keep the button pressedtap until the Learn LED starts to rapid-flash (approximately 3 seconds).iii. Release the Learn button.tap it again and release. The Learn from the VCRX.optional: configuring VCRX inputsThe VCRX input contact closures can be configured to accept maintained or momentary contact closures. 1. Enter Advanced Program Mode 2. Change the input closure type 3. Exit Advanced Program Mode VCRXActivate Switch Release SwitchSwitch OpenTest Mode provides a method for identifying if system components are communicating properly. Use Test Mode to verify that allRepeaters (in systems with multiple Repeaters) and all devices arecommunication.Press and hold the Testany RepeaterRepeater beeps.32 | Lutron®24/7 Technical Support—800.523.9466/radiora2Lutron ®| 332. Verify Repeater location.* O nly one Repeater Status LED flashes per Repeater. The flashingLED indicates which Repeater you are looking at (M, 1, 2, 3, 4).3. Exit Test ModePress and hold the Test button on any Repeater for 3 seconds until the green Test LED stops flashing, and the Repeater Status LEDs turn off.24/7 Technical Support—800.523.946634| Lutron ®Enter Limit Set ModePress and hold the Open and Raise buttons on a "Shade" Keypad or Wireless Control until the Shade/Drapery LED begins to rapid-flash, then 5. Exit Limit Set ModePress and hold the Open and Raise buttons for 3 seconds until the Shade/Drapery LED turns off.®/radiora2Lutron ® | 35Resetting a device to factory settings will remove it from the system and will clear its programming. After being reset to factory settings, the device will need to be reprogrammed as part of a RadioRA ® 2 system. T o reset a device to factory settings, perform the steps below.Dimmer, Switch, Keypad, Visor Control Receiver,Pico ® Wireless Control, Triathalon ® Shade, or Repeater1.Triple tap and hold any button* on the device. 2. Keep the button pressed A. rapidly and the load flashes at the same rate.B. Pico ® Wireless Control: 6 to 8 seconds.C. All other devices: the LED(s) start to rapid-flash (approximately 3 seconds). 3. Release the button and immediately (within 1/2 second) triple tap it again. Dimmers and Switches will normal-flash their loads. All other devices will rapid-flash their LED(s) again. When the load(s)/LED(s) stop flashing, the device has been reset to factory settings.* Except raise, lower, or learn.24/7 Technical Support—800.523.946636| Lutron ®1. 2. 3. for 5 seconds. The green LED on the EDU will flash and then stay on.4. Press and hold the counter-clockwise button briefly and the EDU will now reset to factory settings.1 minute the EDU will return to normal operation. Begin at step 1 to reset the EDU to factory settings.GRAFIK Eye ® QS Wireless control unit 1. Press and hold the master lower and scenes 1, 3, and 5 buttons on theGRAFIK Eye R QS Wireless control unit for 5 seconds until the display reads “Erase Database?”.2. Press the OK button to confirm. The GRAFIK Eye R QS Wireless control unitwill now reset to factory settings./radiora2Lutron ®| 37repeater troubleshooting24/7 Technical Support—800.523.946638| Lutron ®/radiora2Lutron ®| 39Worldwide Technical and Sales AssistanceIf you have questions concerning the installation or operation of this product, visit us on the web at /radiora2 or call the Lutron Technical Support Center.Please provide the exact model number when calling.Model number can be found on the product packaging.Example: RRD-6CLU.S.A., Canada, and the Caribbean: 800.523.9466Mexico: +1.888.235.2910Other countries: +1.610.282.3800Lutron, RadioRA, Sivoia, GRAFIK Eye, seeTouch, Pico, Triathalon, Softwitch, and are registered trademarks and RadioRA 2 is a trademark of Lutron Electronics Co., Inc.Lutron Electronics Co., Inc.7200 Suter RoadCoopersburg, PA 18036P/N 044331Rev. A©12/2013 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc.。

SEW减速电机样本-R系列

108
– GM2004
R..DR/DT/DV R.. → DR/DT/DV
8
4 5 6 7 8 9 130 Nm
R17, ne = 1400 1/min
na Mamax [1/min] [Nm] 101 85 108 85 122 81 138 77 162 72 185 56 199 55 228 54 243 53 275 51 310 48 366 45 FRa [N] 1270 1230 1180 1140 1090 1040 1010 950 930 890 870 830 ϕ (/R) ['] i 13.84 12.98 11.45 10.15 8.63 7.55 7.04 6.15 5.76 5.09 4.51 3.83 DR63 DT71 DT80
134 Nm
DV132S DV132M
RX77, ne = 1400 1/min
na Mamax [1/min] [Nm] 175 57 187 53 218 103 249 110 262 103 296 123 347 143 378 153 431 182 455 193 519 215 576 215 657 200 745 187 838 173 986 155 FRa [N] 6330 6200 5600 5300 5240 4900 4500 4290 3200 2560 1110 510 435 335 315 315 ϕ (/R) ['] i 8.00* 7.47 6.41 5.63 5.35* 4.73 4.04* 3.70 3.25* 3.08* 2.70 2.43 2.13 1.88* 1.67 1.42 DR63 DT71 DT80 DT90 DV100 DV112 DV132S DV132M

第10章锐捷路由器介绍及应用

采用64位的微处理器技术，CPU为采用64位的微处理器技术，CPU为Motorola PowerPC 系列CPU，系列CPU，主频在同档次的产品中都是很高的
集成VoIP特性、IP组播协议，丰富的QoS特性集成VoIP特性、IP组播协议，丰富的QoS特性特有的IP快速转发引擎、DHCP Server/Client、特有的IP快速转发引擎、DHCP Server/Client、NAT 地址转换、IPSec安全加密功能等技术于一身地址转换、IPSec安全加密功能等技术于一身
支持哑终端固定终端设备号的安全接入
可以同时连接34台传统的字符哑终端，提供固定终端服务登可以同时连接34台传统的字符哑终端，提供固定终端服务登陆的功能，全程RC4加密，具有高安全性，串口采用高抗冲击陆的功能，全程RC4加密，具有高安全性，串口采用高抗冲击芯片，在应用中具有更高的抗冲击和抗干扰能力。
STAR系列路由器使用环境系列路由器使用环境
STAR-R2624产品定位产品定位
中小型企业的核心接入，大中型分支机构的接入，大中型金融营业网点的哑终端（多达34台哑终端）、语音、ATM、局域网综合接入，中型拨入访问服务器（同时支持33路的 MODEM拨入），中型企业的数据语音的综合应用，组建宽带城域网，学校、中小企事业、网吧Internet接入等
硬件信息
CPU： CPU：ARM 4530 RICS通讯处理芯片 RICS通讯处理芯片 RAM： RAM：32M DRAM
体积大小
宽X高X深：445mm X 44mm X 359mm ，可上19”标准机柜深：445mm ，可上19”标准机柜
STAR系列路由器介绍系列路由器介绍
支持的接口模块有：
STAR系列路由器介绍系列路由器介绍接口

The ecological approach to text visualization

The Ecological Approach to Text VisualizationJames A.WiseIntegral Visuals,Inc.,2620Willowbrook Avenue,Richland,WA99352.E-mail:JamesAWise@ “Words and rocks contain a language that follows a syntaxof splits and ruptures.Look at any word long enough andyou will see it open up into...a terrain of particles,eachcontaining its own void...”Robert Smithson(1996)This article presents both theoretical and technical bases on which to build a‘‘science of text visualization.’’These conceptually produce‘‘the ecological approach,’’which is rooted in ecological and evolutionary psychol-ogy.The basic idea is that humans are genetically se-lected from their species history to perceptually inter-pret certain informational aspects of natural environ-ments.If information from text documents is visually spatialized in a manner conformal with these predilec-tions,its meaningful interpretation to the user of a text visualization system becomes relatively intuitive and ac-curate.The SPIRE text visualization system,which im-ages information from free text documents as natural terrains,serves as an example of the‘‘ecological ap-proach’’in its visual metaphor,its text analysis,and its spatializing procedures.This article both formalizes Smithson’s evocative prose and responds to Steven Eick’s recent challenge(Eick,l997) to proceed to a real“science of information visualization.”It describes the theoretical rationale and technical basis of two years of research investigations at Paciﬁc Northwest National Laboratory(operated for the Department of En-ergy by Battelle,Inc.)on the Spatial Paradigm for Informa-tion Retrieval and Exploration(SPIRE)project,which the author co-created and managed.The SPIRE project is funded by the Department of Energy and the U.S.intelligence agencies to determine if it is possible and practicable toﬁnd a means of“visualizing text”in order to reduce information processing load and to improve productivity for intelligence analysis.Most intelli-gence information is in prose,in the form of cables,reports, and articles,and it is not unreasonable for30,000docu-ments to cross the electronic desk of an analyst every week. There is no way that a person could read,retain,and synthesize even one-half of1%of these.Clearly,another way was needed to both represent the documents and their contents,while permitting their rapid retrieval,categoriza-tion,abstraction,and comparison,without the requirement to read them all.What became known as the SPIRE project began in January1994,with the somewhat loquacious title“Multi-dimensional Visualization and Browsing.”Theﬁrst product software,“Galaxies”(described by Crow et al.,1994)was produced in August of that year and delivered to the Army’s Pathﬁnder Program forﬁeld tests.The second product soft-ware,“ThemeScapes™,”1was demonstrated in an alpha version at the Automated Intelligence Processing and Anal-ysis Symposium in March of l995(Pennock&Lantrip, 1995;Wise&Thomas,1995)and in a beta version at Information Visualization’95in September of that year (Wise et al.,1995).Those short,descriptive publications focus on project and software performance,and hardly convey the breadth of theoretical rationale and depth of technical research that actually underlie the SPIRE project. This article attempts to redress that shortcoming,placing the SPIRE visualizations in the context of their full“ecological approach”to text visualizations,acknowledging their tech-nical bases in previously published work(e.g.,Chalmers& Chitson,1992;Chalmers,1993;Pazner,1994),and re-sponding to Eick’s(1997)challenge to provide a scientiﬁc foundation for information visualization.The“Ecology”of Text VisualizationsEcology may seem like a strange term to use in reference to visual information retrieval interfaces(VIRIs),as it is customarily understood to refer to the“science of the rela-tions of organisms to their environment.”Yet it is crucial to understanding the distinctive viewpoint that was taken from the beginning of the SPIRE project,which from its incep-tion sought a coherent and comprehensive approach to the analysis and visualization of text in a manner that best©1999John Wiley&Sons,Inc.1ThemeScape™is now a trademarked term of Cartia,Inc. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE.50(13):1224–1233,1999CCC0002-8231/99/131224-10utilized human analysts’native perceptual abilities.It posed the question:How should an analyst view and manipulate a visualization with features directly determined by text char-acteristics relevant to the analyst’s task,and that appear in visual forms which everyone,both genetically and experi-entially,already knows how to interpret?The project’s task was thus seen to be one of creating a“synthetic ecology”for prose that incorporated,analogously or literally,visual fea-tures of the natural world within which human visual per-ception has so successfully operated.This viewpoint on what text visualizations should be thus became the“ecolog-ical approach”in four ways:●Steps from text analysis to visualization are tuned toreﬂect the needs of ecological vision.●Visualizations are built as“emergent forms”in the man-ner that natural visual patterns originate.●Visualizations access processes of human’s“ecologicalperception”and are thus intuitively interpreted.●The visualization and correspondent analyst’s perceptionare co-determined or“enacted,”within an ecological con-text of guided activity,analogous to processes of colorperception(Thompson,Palacios,&Varela,l992).According to the“ecological approach,”then,one sur-prising implication is that successful visualization of text requires that text analysis—the process by which words are re-represented mathematically so as to provide the compu-tational basis for visualizations—is best undertaken by working backwards from the visualization itself to see what is computationally optimal for its support.This forgoes the traditional“information retrieval”view of text analysis,and instead sets up the comparative analogy of how the retina of the eye begins to construct visions of the natural world. When text analysis is approached this way,some traditional “intractable”information retrieval problems simply vanish.Another inference of the“ecological approach”is that text visualizations ought to take advantage of the visual appearances of natural forms that humans have learned to interpret visually as part of the biological heritage from their species’history on the Earth.It was not accidental that the “Galaxies”visualization invoked the metaphor of docu-ments as stars in the night sky,or that ThemeScape™s represented themes as sedimentary layers that together cre-ate the appearance of a natural landscape.These are funda-mental visual experiences of our world that people have incorporated and responded to for eons.They both carry a natural interpretation that does not require instruction or prolonged training to appreciate and use.The“ecological approach”also redirects attention away from seeing a visualization as an“illustration”of a preex-istent semantic form,and correctly characterizes it as the end result of an interactive process between the observer and the informational content of the prose.As Stoner(1990) so tersely expressed it:“Structure represents the product of information interacting with matter.”A text visualization’s structure should then result from and reﬂect a process his-tory,being intimately bound up with“how it got that way.”In the“ecological approach,”text visualization is not a process of“drawing pictures.”It is a result of transferring to the spatial realm the results of computational processes that are themselves analogs of the means by which physical forms are produced.Finally,the“ecological approach”analogously resurrects and adopts Gibson’s(1979)view of perception as being mediated and guided by the actions of the observer.This directly addresses the human-computer interaction(HCI) issues of text visualizations and suggests that the electron-ically mediated means of exploring visualizations should analogously reproduce,as far as possible,the ways we sensually explore objects in the natural world.This became the least well-developed aspect of the SPIRE software, although the ThemeScape™’s probe tool(Wise et al.,1995) and other work on“intuitive user interfaces”(Wise,1996; Lopresti&Harris,1996)show how gesturing and audition can greatly enhance the usefulness and experience of infor-mation visualizations.The SPIRE Process of Text Visualization As implemented in the SPIRE project,there was aﬁve step process to preparing a Text Visualization(Fig.1):1.The system received a corpus of unstructured,digitizedtext documents.There was no use of keywords,nodictionary,no preestablished topics or themes extracted,and no predeﬁned structure to the text that would havetied the resultant visualizations to any particular textanalysis.As prepared for use by the Intelligence Community, the visualizations were meant to optimally handle newsstories,resumes,e-mail,letters,abstracts,short articles,communiques,etc.The upper limit of the number ofdocuments that can be processed in such a corpus is setby a number of factors irrelevant to this article.Theseinclude the processing power of the computer,the screenspace of the display(for the Galaxies visualization),thetext analysis method and projection algorithm used,andthe time demands of the analyst’s need.But visualiza-tions of corpora numbering up to6K documents wereroutine in the project’s investigations.While this is arelatively small number of documents with respect toother systems,the goal of the research was to developnew approaches to text visualization,and problems ofscaling to large document sets were left for later study.2.The digitized documents were then analyzed(via a res-ident text engine)to characterize them as high dimen-sional vectors.The SPIRE used the vector space model(see Salton,1991)exclusively.In such a model,each textdocument is represented as a high-dimensional vector,which can be constructed using a variety of techniques.The exact means is not important as long as a statistically“rich,”reasonable sized dimensional representation re-sults.The two commercial text engines used in thisresearch represent somewhat polar approaches to thesame problem of vector construction.JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE—November19991225Theﬁrst Galaxies visualization in l994relied on a commercially available text engine that utilized a dictio-nary of200,000words.If a word in the dictionary appeared in the document,a“1”appeared at that place in the vector.Otherwise a“0”was assigned.This resulted in each document being represented by a binary vector 200,000(!)units long,which signiﬁcantly restricted the kinds of manipulations one can perform(and subse-quently the kind of visualization one can produce).The lesson is that text analysis approaches,which may be perfectly suitable for information retrieval,may be rel-atively unsuitable for text visualization.When the ThemeScape™’s visualization was pre-pared(early l995),the text analysis was performed by the Matchplus™text engine created by HNC,Inc.This engine used a neural net trained on a document corpus within a given domain(general news orﬁnancial articles, etc.)The neural net had280output nodes,resulting in a 280-dimensional vector for each document.With their continuous numerical output,the280nodes also pro-vided a much improved document representation with shorter vectors that allowed the ThemeScape™visual-ization to be ing the experience gained with these text engines,the SPIRE team was later able to develop its own text engine,optimized for visualization purposes(see section:Text Analysis from a Visualiza-tion Basis).Given any of these ways of constructing a vector space over the documents,a metric is then placed on that space to represent similarity in the content of the documents.The most common ones are the Euclidean distance or cosine measures(Salton&McGill,l983).Theﬁrst is based on the sum of the squares of the differences between a pair of documents on every dimension.The second is based on the differences in the angles of the document’s vectors from the origin of the space.Finally, the document vectors are normalized for the size of the document,and the next step of clustering the documents can begin.ing the normalized document vectors,the documentswere then clustered in the high-dimensional space (Frakes&Baeza-Yates,l992).This produced topical groups of documents where each document was assigned to only one cluster.The SPIRE visualizations were notdesigned to be dependent on any one particular cluster-ing method.The K-Means and complete linkage hierar-chical clustering approaches were both studied in-depth,and found to be satisfactory for up toϳ5K documentsets.Their algorithms are widely available.4.The next step was to project the high dimensional doc-ument vectors and their cluster centroids down onto atwo-dimensional plane.This plane provided the ground-plan for both the Galaxies and ThemeScape™’s visual-izations.Again,different projection techniques are available.For small(up to1.5K)document sets,multidimensionalscaling analysis(MDS)(see Shepard1962a,b)is sufﬁ-rger document sets required development of theteam’s own projection algorithm,which we called“An-chored Least Stress”(ALS).5.Theﬁnal step was the construction and display of theGalaxies and ThemeScape™’s visualizations based onthe positions of the document in the second groundplane.While Galaxies represented the documents di-rectly as blue-green“docustars”in a night sky withorange cluster centroids,ThemeScape™’s used the doc-ument positions as points from which to build up alandscape representation when thematic terms takenfrom the documents were successively layered over thegroundplane.The complete sequence of thoseﬁve steps is sche-matically represented in Figure2.Clustering and Projection of Documentsfor VisualizationsSince similarity of document content equals document placement in the high-dimensional space,preserving high-dimensional spatial relations among documents in their clustering and projection to“visible”spaces is essential in this and similar schemes of text visualization.The simple requirement is that proximity of visible Euclidean distances in the plane be proportional to distances and topical simi-larities among the documents in the high dimensional rep-resentation.FIG.1.The Galaxies and ThemeScape™s text visualizations of the SPIRE system(1995). 1226JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE—November1999The clustering approach designed to handle large docu-ment sets was developed primarily by Jeremy York of the SPIRE team.It was called “Fast Divisive Clustering.”The process begins with the analyst selecting the number of clusters he or she wants to contain all of the documents to be visualized.This number needs to be heuristically determined by the analyst’s experience and prior knowledge of the document set,and could be the result of a more formal,Bayesian analysis in itself.This number sets the number of cluster “seeds”distributed in the high-dimen-sional space.The seeds are distributed randomly,and sub-spaces are then sampled to ensure that seeds have not inadvertently ended up too close to one another.Then non-overlapping hyperspheres are deﬁned around each clus-ter seed,and all documents in the high-dimensional space whose coordinates fall within a cluster’s hypersphere are assigned to that cluster.Through an iterative procedure,the center of mass deﬁning a new centroid is calculated for each cluster,which shifts its corresponding hypersphere.As hy-perspheres shift,documents drop out and are assigned to correspondingly new clusters for hyperspheres that now enfold them.After a few iterations,the cluster centroids stop shifting above an assigned threshold,and documents take their ﬁnal cluster memberships.This approach remained under reﬁnement and was ex-perimental until the end of government ﬁscal year l996,when SPIRE development was transferred to a privately funded company outside the laboratory.While MDS is a “tried and true”technique in the psy-chometrics of information retrieval (see Rorvig,l988)it has severe shortcomings for dimensionality redirection as doc-ument sets become large.Multidimensional scaling analysis uses pairwise distances (Euclidean or cosine angle)and attempts to minimize a measure on differences in pairwise distances (“stress”)between high-and low-dimensional document positions.The intent is to preserve distance rela-tions between documents in the high-dimensional space as they are projected into the two-dimensional one.As the number of documents,n ,grows,the number of pairwise distances to be considered grows as a simple quadratic,producing an exponential increase in computational com-plexity.This signiﬁcantly increases the requisite processing time.The ﬁrst Galaxies runs in l994on Sparc 3worksta-tions,for a few hundred documents could take 12hours when using binary vector representations.York (1995)cleverly found a way around the MDS projection bottleneck through the ALS approach.Beginning with cluster centroids (that are two-dimensional)based on an initial clustering of the documents,a document’s itera-tive projection and placement is based on a vector of its distances to the different cluster centroids,not its pairwise distances to all other documents.The document is ulti-mately placed in the 2-D plane so that its position reﬂects its similarity to every cluster,not every other document.This used a computationally simple linear regression solution that constructed a new vector for every document which contained the distances of that document to each cluster centroid,then minimized the squared differences between the observed and ﬁtted distances to the centroids.Linear Principle Components Analysis was used to initially project the cluster centroids onto the 2-D plane.Its algorithms are widely available.Anchored Least Stress also made a qualitative difference in the way it treated distances with respect to traditional MDS.In MDS,ﬁtting all of the pairwise distances among documents means that small deviations among pointsareFIG.2.The sequence of steps leading to the text visualizations of the SPIREsystem.FIG.3.The ﬁrst “Galaxies”visualization software product displaying documents of a technology database.JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE—November 19991227placed at high relative importance.Under ALS,it is the large deviations that are considered important.Smallscale differences in the projected placement of points onto the second plane are sacriﬁced somewhat in order to arrive at a better and faster overall largescale solution.Since so much information is necessarily lost in compressing high-dimen-sional spaces down to the 2-D plane anyway,it seems as if this is a worthwhile price to pay to overcome a major computational bottleneck to the visualization process.Construction of VisualizationsThe original Galaxies visualization was essentially a “starﬁeld”of documents in a type of display seen previously in visualizations like “Filmﬁnder”(Ahlberg &Schneider-man,l994)and IVEE (Ahlberg &Wistrand,l995)and now commercialized in a product called “Spotﬁre.”The ubiquity and usefulness of scatterplot and starﬁeld type displays demonstrate how well even a simple visualization can aid human problem solving,particularly when it is accompa-nied by an effective user interface for selective interactions.The enthusiastic reception given by the intelligence-com-munity users to even the ﬁrst generation Galaxies’visual-ization tool (Hendrickson,l995)demonstrates both thepower of visualization and the value of an aesthetically rendered “ecological”visual metaphor that is intuitively apprehended by the analyst.The particular value of Galaxies as a ﬁrst software prod-uct for the PNNL research was that it demonstrated the usefulness of document visualization for analysts’tasks,and strengthened the resolve to seek further visualization metaphors derived from visual and cognitive processes that enable spatial interactions with the natural world.Within four months of the delivery of Galaxies,this effort resulted in a spatialization of unstructured document information derived from GIS techniques that formed a landscape rep-resentation we called a ThemeScape™.Construction of ThemeScape™Type Text Visualization A ThemeScape™is a surface plot similar to Chalmers (1993)built up by successively layering computed contribu-tions of recovered theme terms over underlying document positions (see Pazner,1994).It is constructed directly from the distribution of documents in the Galaxies’two-dimensional plane.First,the characteristic thematic terms that describe each cluster of documents (or the visualized corpus as a whole)are identiﬁed on the basis of their discriminability across regions of the high-dimensional document space.The met-ric is the common term frequency,inverse document fre-quency weighting scheme ﬁrst proposed by Salton (1991).Term N Value ϭf term n /cluster i ء͸j not i1/f term n /cluster jWheref term n /cluster i ϭfrequency of term n in cluster i and͸j not il/f term n /cluster jϭfrequency of term n in all other clusters.This yields terms which best discriminate the clusters from each other.In repeated term extractions of thiskind,FIG.4.The process of constructing a ThemeScape™type representation that mimics sedimentarydeposition.FIG.5.A hypothetical view of a core probe from a point on a thematic landscape.1228JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE—November 1999over90%of recovered terms are usually nouns,which meets the goal of building the landscape from topical iden-tities.The number of terms selected in this process can vary, and ThemeScape™s from as few as50terms were con-structed inﬁrst efforts,but low numbers of terms degrade landscape detail differences considerably,and so from150–300terms are recommended.A list of these thematic terms with their corresponding document coordinate pairs provides the basis for depositing each term’s contribution to the height of the landscape,as shown in Figure4.The terms are used like layers of sedi-mentary strata,wherein each term’s layer will vary in thick-ness as the real probability ofﬁnding that term within a document at each point in the2-D plane.The term layers are then summed and normalized to produce the composite thematic landscape visualization.The summary vector at any point in the thematic land-scape is equal to the sum of unitary document vectors within a selected analysis region.If there are,for example,12 documents that contain a thematic term within the region, then the summary vector is12units high and placed at the center of the region.This placement assumes that the P of ﬁnding a thematic term,t i in that region is12/⌺t i at the center and zero elsewhere in the region.As aﬁnal step,a smoothingﬁlter is passed over the summary vectors of the different heights of the thematic terms to produce a more natural-appearing landscape form.This has the effect of decreasing the height of the central peak vector in each analysis region and distributing the probability according to the smoothing function employed.Different smoothing schemes can emphasize or decrease differentiation of the landscape,and can be adjusted to facilitate an analyst’s tasks.A useful starting scheme is a variation of the standard Gaussian function that places it at the center of a document analysis region.Where the standard Gaussian function is1/␴͙2eϪ1/2͑xϪ␮/␴2the adjusted one would beN/␴͙2eϪ1/2͑x/␮␴2.This removes the-␮term,which centers the smoothing, while scaling the height to the number of documents found within the analysis region through the N term in the numer-ator.Placing the mean,␮,in the exponent denominator has the effect of leveling out the landscape in the region where the mean values are large,if many documents occur around the edges of the analysis region.Overall,distributed docu-ments around the edges of a region willﬂatten it out(while raising the overall landscape height),and documents located near the center will tend to produce a peak or pinnacle in the landscape.In a ThemeScape™,a term layer is thickest at the highest density of documents that carry that term because the prob-ability ofﬁnding that term there is correspondingly greater.If the clustering and projections of documents onto the2-D plane are accurate,documents containing same thematic terms should be in roughly the same place.As term layers accumulate,the highest elevations occur where the thickest layers overlay each other.Lower regions reﬂect places where there are fewer documents or where the documents are less thematically focused.When there is a sharp distinc-tion from strong thematic term content to low content in the distributed documents,there will be a correspondingly sharp cliff in the ThemeScape™,while a ridgeline connect-ing two peaks indicates strong themes that are held in common by two different thematic concentrations.The smoothed Y coordinate height for any x axis point is given byy xϭ͸nϪm nϩm d xϩnءf͑xϩn͒where dxϩnϭ1for a document at coordinate xϩn, otherwise0,f(xϩn)is the value of the smoothing function at x n,and2mϭwidth of the smoothing function when centered on any x.Theﬁnal height,z x,y,of any point on a thematic land-scape is given by the sum of the heights of all of the term layers that correspond to their own“miniThemeScape™”s at that point.Aﬁnal normalization is then usually added.z x,yϭ͸jϭ1#of cluster terms term layer j x,yThe result is a thematic landscape that has literally embod-ied the content information of a document corpus,and may be treated in most all respects like a sedimentary form,including taking a probe or“core samples”at any point in the landscape that reveal the corresponding terms and their%contribution to the ThemeScape™at that location(Fig.5).However,a thematic landscape constructed in this fash-ion is different from a sedimentary landscape in one crucial way:The layering of terms has nothing to do with the age of the documents wherein the terms appear.Thus,a“core sample”of terms can be arranged to read from maximum to minimum contribution(the usual display method)or in any other ers can sometimes take the“sedimen-tary”deposition analog a bit too literally,and infer that the arrangement of terms in a probe corresponds to dates in documents.This is one instance where a naturalistic land-scape metaphor can potentially mislead a viewer,but it demonstrates again the intuitive power of such a visualiza-tion.A ThemeScape™thus creates a full spatial representa-tion of terms from documents,as opposed to the documents themselves as in Bead(Chalmers&Chitson,l992).Such a thematic terrain synthesizes a mimic of the natural physicalJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE—November19991229form-giving process of sedimentation.Other physical pro-cesses like accretion,condensation,and growth would seem to offer other useful bases on which to build spatializations of textual information.Text Analysis From a Visualization Basis The experience and insights gained from building land-scape representations of text revealed fundamental short-comings in the way that statistically based text analysis was undertaken by current software systems.All of these had their origins in the information retrieval(IR)research tra-dition,and none of them had been designed explicitly for purposes of visualizing their outputs.For example,the IR tradition uses Precision&Recall measures from a document corpus in response to a query as indicants of a text engine’s effectiveness.Ideally,a query should acquire all relevant documents and no spurious ones,implying that a visualiza-tion should be equally selective.This is expensive in terms of time and computational resources.Why not simply visu-alize the entire corpus of meanings,and then select as needed?Through ecological vision,every creature extracts from its physical setting exactly what it needs for its immediate environmentally directed behaviors.Vision is highly selec-tive(even in humans)from the retina of the eye onwards to more central processing centers.At the earliest stages of perception,assemblages of neurons in the retina are prewired to extract such things as corners,crossings,and edges from the visualﬁeld.Theseﬁrst order extractions are called“textons”(Treisman,l986).They then become the primitives upon which visual perception is further con-structed,without the need for a total internal computational duplication of the external environment.The process of ecological perception provides clues as to how text analysis should proceed if its express purpose is to support text visualization.Speciﬁcally,text analysis should:●mimic the sequential extraction of information that occursin ecological vision rather than require holistic,upfrontprocessing●create a vector representation of the document that is“interpretable”by being constructed on the contributionsof topical or thematic content in the document●map the topical content of documents directly into ageographical landscape representation●be scalable as larger document collections are processed●provide a basis for altered visualizations of the informa-tion for different users and purposes(environments ap-pear different to us under different behavioral intentionsor“perceptual sets”;similarly,why should we precon-ceive that there is only one“correct”visualization of textinformation in a document corpus?)●incrementally update the analysis with addition of newdocumentsThis implies that the vector representation should be built directly on extracted topical terms in the documents,which become the“textons”of the system.It contrasts strongly with uses of neural net algorithms or dictionaries in other text visualization systems.Neural nets require exten-sive(and expensive)up-front training on the entire docu-ment corpus,do not give interpretable vectors from their output nodes,and tend to equally weight the output nodes in their contributions to the vectorization.They also require retraining as the document corpus is updated.Dictionary based vectorizations can be extremely limited in applica-tion,and require constant updating to remain current in technicalﬁelds.Construction of a Text Engine Based on Ecological VisionThis effort was led by Kelly Pennock of the SPIRE team, from October of l995to October of l996,when SPIRE was transferred to a privately funded company outside the lab-oratory.The successful research completed to that point seemed to fully justify the guiding principles,and had resulted in an intriguingly novel approach that we felt represented a paradigm shift in text analysis.This visually based analysis system centered onﬁnding a limited set of topical terms in the document set for a vector representation that were frequent enough to span the documents,and yet discriminating enough to capture documents’distinctive content.It proceeded as follows:Step1compressed the vocabulary for documents in the corpus by performing stop word removal and stemming. This step is similar to that taken in other text analysis approaches,and the algorithms for it are widely available.Step2performed a band pass frequencyﬁltering on the document corpus,eliminating high and low frequency terms.High frequency terms occur too often to discriminate among document content.Low frequency terms are also non-discriminating,and in addition produce unreliable sta-tistics.Term frequencies depend upon the size of the corpus, but we found it useful with general news stories toﬁlter so as to retain terms that occurϾ3–5times in a document and that result in a reduction of the terms(after stemming and stop word removal)to a vocabulary10–15%of its original size.This is based on ourﬁndings that in theϳ15%or so of middle frequency terms,there areϳ15%of these that show signiﬁcant topical value.Step3was the importantﬁltering step that extracted signiﬁcant topical terms(after Bookstein,Klein,&Raita, l995)based on the condensation clustering value(CCV)of the terms surviving band passﬁltering.The CCV measures the degree of randomness in the appearance of a term in documents.Terms that are highly topical in their content(like nouns)tend to occur in bursts or serial clusters in language use,and are not randomly distributed throughout a document or documents.Terms that are less topical(like modiﬁers)tend to be more ran-domly distributed.The calculated CCV of any term(word) occurring in a document thus quantiﬁes its potential topical1230JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE—November1999。

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第一步：如图设置每个AP的IP地址、网关、DNS
第二步：设置Basic Wireless,模式B/G/N-Mixed
中继模式两端频道设置成一样（Wireless Channel一样）
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如果设备更改配置后依然会在某时间段内重复出现信号衰弱重启后恢复现象，
建议升级到最新系统，操作部件如下：
步骤一：通过PC网线连接AP，在PC上准备最新系统软件，点开Firmware Upagrade 选项,在FILE对话框中引入系统软件，选择Upgrade
按钮升级系统软件，中间操作不可中断造成系统损坏。

更改配置后可以，YES选项保存更改配置并重启。

夏普 AR-2616 AR-2620 数码复印机说明书

更换墨粉盒 ....................................................... 50
1
AR_2616_COPY_TINSC1398QSZZ.book Page 2 Thursday, November 11, 2004 5:47 PM
5 常规维护
检查总输出计数和墨粉余量 .............................. 51
● 清洁原稿台和 SPF/ 原稿盖板 .........................52 ● 清洁手送纸盒送纸辊........................................53 ● 清洁充电刷 ......................................................53
4 故障处理
故障处理 ........................................................... 38
● 机器 / 复印故障 .............................................. 39
指示灯和显示器信息 ..........................................42 清除卡纸 ........................................................... 43
● SPF 中的卡纸................................................. 43 ● 手送纸盒中的卡纸 .......................................... 44 ● 机器中的卡纸 ................................................. 45 ● 上部纸盒卡纸 ................................................. 48 ● 下部纸盒卡纸（装有两个纸盒时）................. 49

克罗韦尔 PowerFlex 6000T 10 kV R 框架中压交流变频器数据表

技术数据PowerFlex 6000T 10 kV R 框架中压交流变频器编号 6000T-R主题⻚码变更摘要2产品目录号说明3技术规格4标准和认证5尺寸6产品选型表6PowerFlex 6000T 10 kV R 框架变频器选型7电缆注意事项9电源接线考量因素9电机电缆规格10控制信号线接线考量因素10常规导线类别10线路和负载电缆线规11选择编码器（选配）11变频器转矩能力13变频器选件13其他资源51PowerFlex 6000T 10 kV R 框架中压交流变频器技术数据变更摘要本出版物中包含以下新增内容或更新信息。

该列表仅列出了主要更新，并未反映出所有变更。

主题⻚码更新了概述3更新了变频器规格表：•额定功率范围•输出频率范围•机柜•机械结构涂层5更新了变频器选型表：•PowerFlex 6000T-R 10 kV 50 Hz 变频器 — 标准负载（IEC 认证）•PowerFlex 6000T-R 10 kV 50 Hz 变频器 — 重载（IEC 认证）8 92罗克⻙尔⾃动化出版物 6000-TD101B-ZH-P - 2023 年 2 月罗克⻙尔⾃动化出版物 6000-TD101B-ZH-P - 2023 年 2 月3PowerFlex 6000T 10 kV R 框架中压交流变频器技术数据概述PowerFlex® 中压变频器系列提供多种变频器和选件，可满足您的应用性能需求。

PowerFlex 6000 变频器适合各种应用项目，包括⻛机、泵、压缩机、传送带和铣床。

PowerFlex 6000T-R 10 kV 50 Hz 变频器适用于全新和改装应用项目，为 10 kV 时功率为 280 kW 到 3,550 kW 的电机控制应用项目提供解决方案。

⻛冷式 PowerFlex 6000T 10 kV R 变频器通过实现标准负载与重载应用的软启动和变速控制，最大程度地提高能效。

PowerFlex 6000T-R 10 kV 50 Hz 交流变频器在各种应用项目中都能实现灵活性，可根据电机电压提供多种配置，满足 IEC 和 GB 要求。

不同处理条件对明胶体系凝胶特性的影响

不同处理条件对明胶体系凝胶特性的影响黄远芬;王欣;刘宝林【摘要】分析了明胶体系的凝冻强度、黏度和透射比在明胶浓度、蔗糖、NaCl及pH值4个不同处理条件下的变化规律。

在试验范围内,随明胶浓度的增加,明胶凝冻强度呈线性增大趋势( R2=0.993),黏度呈二项式增大趋势(R2=0.975),透射比呈线性减小趋势(R2450=0.972,R2620=0.971)。

随蔗糖浓度的增加,明胶凝冻强度呈先增大后减小的三项式趋势(R2=0.940),黏度呈二项式增大趋势(R2=0.970),透射比则整体上呈增大趋势。

随NaCl浓度的增加,明胶凝冻强度线性减小(R2=0.984)；黏度先减小后增大,当NaCl浓度为2.00 mol/L时,黏度最小；透射比呈先增大后减小的变化规律。

pH值为4~7时,明胶体系的凝冻强度相对较高；而pH为7时,黏度最大；随pH值的增加,透射比呈先减小后微弱增大的二项式趋势。

%When gelatin is added to food as a kind of food additive, the gelatin concentration , sucrose and NaCl or pH value of the food can affect the gel properties. Therefore, the study focused on the effects of different concentrations of gelatin, sucrose and NaCl, and pH value on gel strength, viscosity and transmittancy of gelatin system. As the gel concen-trations went up, the gel strength of gelatin system increased linearly(R2=0. 993), the viscosity increased binomially(R2=0. 975),while the transmittancy decreased linearly(R2450=0. 972,R2620=0. 971). As the sucrose concentration climbed, the gel strength showed a trinomial variation rule of increasing first and decreasing later (R2=0. 940), the viscosity exhibited a binomial increase trend(R2=0. 970), and the transmittancy increased on the whole. The gel strength yielded a decreased linear relationship with theconcentration of NaCl(R2=0. 984), the viscosity decreased to the minimum by 2 mol/L NaCl and then increased, and the transmittancy was increased first and then decreased. The effect of pH value on the gel proper-ties of gelatin system was more complex. When pH value ranged from 4 to 7, the gel strength was relatively high. When pH value was below 4 or above 7, the gel strength decreased dramatically. The viscosity reached its maximum value when the pH value was 7 and reduced significantly afterwards ( P<0. 05 ) . The transmittancy showed a decrease-increase binomial relationship with pH value.【期刊名称】《江苏农业学报》【年(卷),期】2015(000)003【总页数】6页(P673-678)【关键词】明胶;明胶浓度;蔗糖;NaCl;pH值;凝冻强度;黏度;透射比【作者】黄远芬;王欣;刘宝林【作者单位】上海理工大学食品质量与安全研究所，上海 200093;上海理工大学食品质量与安全研究所，上海 200093;上海理工大学食品质量与安全研究所，上海 200093【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TS201.7明胶是胶原蛋白的变性产物，具有良好的胶凝性、热可逆性和亲水性，是一种重要的食品添加剂，可作为酒类的澄清剂、分散体系的稳定剂、肉制品的增稠剂和胶凝剂等［1］。

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F-engine R2620接入路由器
R2620
产品规格
R2620业务路由器为标准19英寸盒式产品。

表1.产品规格表
型号描述
R2620
2个10/100M以太网接口，2个高速同/
异步串口,1个AUX辅助口，1个配置口,1
个网络接口模块插槽,1个扩展插槽。

产品概述
F-engine R2620模块化多业务路由器适用于大中型企业、金融体系、各大公司的办事处和Internet 服务供应商的模块化多服务访问平台。

R2620路由器提供1个AUX口，2个10/100M快速以太网口，2个高速通用串口，1个网络接口卡插槽以及1个扩展接口卡插槽，可以实现大规模、高密度的专线、拨号和宽带接入。

是为满足用户的高端组网应用而开发出的模块化路由器。

R2620路由器包括R2620-220和R2620-48两种型号。

产品特点
模块化结构设计
R2620路由器采用模块化结构设计，同时采用先进的总线技术，支持高速串口、CE1端口、高密度网络模块等各种接口模块，各功能模块符合各类网络标准，满足大型分支机构日益变化的业务增长需要。

强大的数据处理能力
R2620路由器采用高性能的CPU和先进的总线技术，保证在高速环境下的网络应用，另外提供可定制的CPU（参照硬件特性），以满足各种特殊需求。

R2620路由器采用先进的总线技术，包转发延迟小，丢包率小，高效的数据处理能力支持高密度端口，保证在高速环境下的网络应用。

集成路由和传输功能
R2620路由器支持多种传输模块，可以将路由器和传输设备有效的集成在一起，不仅大幅降低用户投资，还可大大降低系统故障率。

高可靠性
R2620路由器支持各种各样的备份网络，实现透明的网络备份，充分保证网络连接的可靠性。

模块化设计及高密度端口模块可以保证线路的冗余规划，支持按需拨号功能（DDR）。

AUX口、ISDN BRI模块、同步串口及异步口可以支持各种备份线路。

高度的安全特性
R2620路由器具有完善的防火墙、VPN等技术，充分保证数据传输的安全；路由器支持标准的PPTP、L2TP、IPSEC、GRE、MPLS协议，可以采用这些技术部署从二层到三层不同类型的VPN网络，从而使企业不需租用昂贵的专线互联。

丰富的路由协议
R2620路由器支持多种路由协议，保证各种路由协议之间路由信息的重分配。

支持静态路由、RIP、OSPF、BGP-4、DDR、PBR、DVMRP等丰富的路由协议。

丰富的QOS特性
R2620路由器支持多种队列算法，保障关键业务对带宽的需求；可以提供区分服务（DiffServ），支持RSVP资源预留协议，支持CAR 、支持FIFO、PQ、CQ、CBWFQ等排队策略，支持拥塞避免策略（RED、WRED），可以为大中型企业提供满足要求的、高性价比的多功能服务平台。

技术指标
表2.技术参数表
特性指标详细描述
BootRom：512k
FLASH：8M
存贮器
SDRAM：64M
固定接口 2个10/100M快速以太网端口
模块插槽 1个网络接口模块插槽,1个扩展插槽
链路层协议 FR、X.25、LAPB、PPP、PPPoE(Server/Client)、Multilink PPP、HDLC、SLIP、ISDN(PRI/BRI)、LLC2、SDLC、DLSW-SSP、X.25-TCP、802.1Q、MPLS
网络层协议和应用 ARP、代理ARP、DNS、DNS代理、NAT、ICMP、IGMP、DHCP(Server/Client/Relay) 路由协议静态路由、RIP、OSPF、BGP-4、DDR、PBR、DVMRP
网络安全 AAA Radius、TACACS+、防火墙、L2TP、PPTP、GRE、IPSec、IKE、MPLS VPN
网络可靠性端口备份、HSRP、VRRP、以太网远程线路自动侦测
服务质量 FIFO、PQ、CQ、CBWFQ、WFQ、RED、WRED、DSCP、IP Precedence、RTS、RSVP、CAR 网络管理 SNMP V1/2/3、RMON、PDP
外形尺寸(宽×深×高) 445mm×310mm×45mm
工作温度：（0～40）℃；
工作湿度：（10～85）%，无冷凝
工作环境
存储温度：（-20～65）℃；
存储湿度：（5～95）%，无冷凝
电源要求 AC：电压（170～264）V，频率47～63Hz，电流1A/230V DC：电压（-36～-72）V，电流1.5A
最大功率 40W 硬件支持支持
订购信息
下表列出了烽火网络F-engine R2620接入路由器的订购信息。

用户可根据需求订购相关产品。

如需下单，请联系当地市场销售人员。

表3.订购信息
主机配置
产品型号产品说明备注
R2620-220 R2620路由器主机，交流供电
R2620-48 R2620路由器主机，直流供电
线卡配置
产品型号产品说明备注
WIC-1ETH 1路10M以太网卡
WIC-2ETH 2路10M以太网卡
WIC-1CE1 1路E1接口卡必须选配相应的电缆连接线
WIC-1UE1 1路非通道化E1接口卡必须选配相应的电缆连接线
WIC-2UE1 2路非通道化E1接口卡必须选配相应的电缆连接线
WIC-1T 1路同/异步高速通用串口接口卡（V.28/V.35接口）必须选配相应的电缆连接线
WIC-2T 2路同/异步高速通用串口接口卡（V.28/V.35接口）必须选配相应的电缆连接线。