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2013高考英语二轮复习 专题限时训练(二十六)史地自然型阅读理解配套作业(解析版,湖南省专用)

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高英语二轮复习 专题限时训练(三十三) 史地自然型阅读理解配套作业(一)(解析版)

高英语二轮复习 专题限时训练(三十三) 史地自然型阅读理解配套作业(一)(解析版)

专题限时训练(三十三) [史地自然型阅读理解(一)](限时：25分钟)(一)In America, Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resort: brilliant beaches, a lively boardwalk, plenty of restaurants and nightspots, and amusement rides sure to appeal to kids. Many believe Virginia Beach is at its best in the off­season, when the town is less crowded but the weather is still mild.Meanwhile, some safety tips should be followed, enjoying the happiness and excitement the beach offers.The number 1 safety tip concerns ocean safety: pay attention to flag conditions posted on the lifeguard stands. Lifeguards post a red flag to warn when the ocean water is dangerous. Take them seriously! Tourists from land­locked regions are particularly easily attracted by the magic of the waves. However, a calm ocean can become risky without warning. Make sure you swim near a lifeguard. Swimming without lifeguard protection is almost five times as great as drowning at a beach with lifeguards.Never swim alone. Many drownings involve single swimmers. When you swim with someone else, if one of you has a problem, the other may be able to get help, including signaling for assistance from others.Don't fight the current. The facts show that some 80% of rescues by lifeguards at ocean beaches are caused by currents. These currents are formed by surf and gravity, because once surf pushes water up the slope of a beach, gravity pulls it back. This can create concentrated rivers of water moving offshore. If you are caught in a rip current, don't fight it by trying to swim directly to shore. Instead, swim parallel to shore until you feel the current relax, then swim to shore. Most rip currents are narrow and a short swim parallel to shore will help bring you to safety.1. When coming to Virginia Beach, children cannot enjoy the happiness of________.A. walking on the road made of woodB．joining the nightspotsC．riding a horse or a pumper carD．skiing in the sea2. Many people believe the best time to visit Virginia Beach may be ________.A. after autumn school term beginningB．in the summer vacationC．during the Christmas holidayD．in the cold winter3. Swimming in the sea you'd better not swim ________.A. with a friendB．within the sight of the lifeguardC．with the currentD．as far as you like4. From the passage, we can know________.A. one in five persons swimming in the sea is drownedB．if one with a lifeguard were drowning, five persons without lifeguards wouldbeC．some 80% people drowning by the currents are rescued by lifeguardsD．some 20% drowning by the currents are rescued by lifeguards5. The passage mainly tells us ________.A. Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resortB．the happiness and excitement the beach offersC．some safety tips when swimming in the seaD．the dangers for tourists from land­locked regions to swim in the sea(二)Wind，water，fire and ice—these powerful natural forces have shaped the landof America in the past. They are still changing it today.The Colorado River slowly cut down through stone to make the Grand Canyon (大峡谷)．Long ago，ice sheets cut Yosemite Valley and the Great Lakes，and glaciers(冰川) are still on the move in Alaska.Wind and rain storm hit the land from time to time. Fires sometimes burn downforests and destroy the homes of wild animals: This happened in Yellowstone Park in 1988.Dead volcanic (火山的) mountains such as Haleakala on Maui and Carter Lakein Oregon are beautiful to look at. But there are several active volcanoes in the US，especially along the Pacific Coast. There are also many earthquakes in this area. Scientists can do nothing to control earthquakes or volcanoes. This was shown clearlyon May 18,1980.At 8: 32 that morning，Mount St Helens in Washington state broke out.The top of the mountain was blown off.Over 60 people—campers，scientists，journalists，forest workers—were killed. Hundreds of square miles of forests were knocked down. In towns over 100 miles away，day suddenly became night. An ash cloud hid the sun for many hours. Towns and fieldsin Washington，Oregon，and Idaho were covered with dirty gray ash.Scientists knew that Mt St Helens might erupt (爆发) soon. But no one couldsay when. And no one expected the terrible strength of the eruption. Many people were surprised and unready. Harry R．Truman,84，owned a small hotel in Mt St Helens. Scientists had asked people to move away because the volcano was becoming dangerous.But Harry R. Truman would not leave his home. Now it is covered with many feetof dirty ash. A small cross stands above the place where Harry probably died. Perhapsit is better that he did not see the destruction of Mt St Helens，the once beautifullake，and the forests.But slowly, life is returning to the dead area around the mountain. Grass andsmall plants are beginning to grow again. Deer and birds have been seen. The landwill never be the same as it once was. Perhaps Mt St Helens will erupt again. Butthis is all part of nature's pattern of change，and man has little power to controlit.1. Choose the best title for this passage.A．Wind，water，fire and iceB．Volcano's beauty and dangerC．The power of natureD．Natural force shapes beautiful land of America2. After the eruption of the volcano, what made the sky turn dark?A．The smoke. B．The earth.C．The fog. D．The ash.3. The underlined word “it” means________.A．the body of old HarryB．the location (＝place) of Harry’s homeC．the opening on top of Mt St HelensD．the place where Harry probably died4. We can infer from this article that________.A．Washington and Oregon are neighboring statesB．Colorado River runs through Yosemite ValleyC．the eruption of Mt St Helens also caused trouble with the Yellowstone Park D．scientists never knew Mt St Helens was active(三)Restoring the quake­hit ecosystems is a question of balancing the interests of the local people and the environment.Rural methane (沼气) projects can reduce the number of locals taking firewood from the mountainsides.The use of straw as food for animals will ensure that vegetation can grow.In Sihai township and Dazhuangke village, in Beijing, they now have a forestry coverage of 85% or more, compared to the 30% they had 15 years ago.Back then, land was used very inefficiently: one person would use 20 mu of forest just for firewood.With those pressures on the ecosystem, no amount of spending on reforestation will succeed.Then the government relocated the population and paid those who remained to tend the forest and provide coal.This reduced the pressures on the ecosystem and it was able to recover naturally.When an ecosystem has not been pushed past certain limits, it is able to recover on its own.Human involvement should only play a minor role, including after an earthquake.This is particularly the case for sandy grasslands, grasslands deserts, the mountains of the south and the northern sides of mountains in the north.In these areas soil remains and the water, light, heat and nutrients needed are available.Less human involvement is even more appropriate in areas with a small population, where it can avoid money being wasted on ineffective efforts, such as creating forests in dry areas.The creation of nature reserves should be a model to allow damaged ecosystems to reco ver.Funding can start at the national level; centrally­funded nature reserves can enforce environmental protection laws and help to promote the local economy.This will solve the problems of reserves being run to make money.When national reserves are funded, local governments will be able to adopt the same model and provide the funds for nature reserves from their own budgets.The first project should beestablished in nature reserves hit by the quake; these can then become models for other areas.1．To rest ore the quake­hit ecosystem, government should ________.A．forbid locals from taking firewood from the mountainsidesB．encourage local people to feed their animals just with strawC．spend large amounts of money relocating the populationD．protect the environment without harming locals' interests2．The forestry coverage in rural Beijing has increased greatly because ________.A．pressures on land were reducedB．a large amount of coal is providedC．no people live in that areaD．locals take good care of the forest3．According to the passage ________ play(s) a major role in ecosystem recovery.A．local peopleB．nature itselfC．human involvementD．government's effort4．According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?A．Nature reserves could be helpful to recover the damaged ecosystems.B．Centrally­funded nature reserves are beneficial to local economy.C．Some nature reserves are created for the purpose of making money.D．The first pro jects on nature reserves should be set up in quake­hit areas.专题限时训练(三十三)(一)【解题导语】弗吉尼亚滩是一个值得游览的好地方，本文主要介绍游览弗吉尼亚海滩时需注意的安全事项。

高考英语二轮复习 专题限时训练 史地自然型阅读理解(2)

高考英语二轮复习 专题限时训练 史地自然型阅读理解(2)

[史地自然型阅读理解(二)](限时：25分钟)(一)The opera house in Santa Fe, New Mexico, is one of the most beautiful ones in the United States. It is small and open, with one roof over the stage where singers perform and another roof over part of the audience. This opera house in the mountain is one of the best in the country, which may seem surprising because performances are only given during the seven weeks in summer, and because Santa Fe is a very small city.One reason why the Santa Fe Opera is so good is that it attracts many excellent young singers. They all hope to sing in famous opera houses like Metropolitan Opera House in New York City someday, and they work hard to become well known during the summer. The musicians and directors are experts who come from the best orchestras(管弦乐队) and operas in the country during their vacations. They enjoy working there because they like to live in Santa Fe, which is near both the mountains and the desert. It is very beautiful there in summer.The state government of New Mexico advertises the Santa Fe Opera in the newspapers all over the country, and a great many tourists come to New Mexico because of the opera. Still, most of the audience does come from Santa Fe and other nearby cities, and all the seats in the theatre are sold for every show.There is only one thing that some people do not like about the Santa Fe Opera, and that is the cold weather. Because the theatre is open, performances cannot start before it gets dark at nine o'clock in the evening, and then the mountain air becomes very cool. Sometimes people complain about the cold air, but because the operas are good, these people come back again wearing warm coats.1．This passage mainly introduces ________.A．a mountain cityB．young musiciansC．an opera houseD．the tourism in Santa Fe2．Yong singers come to perform in Santa Fe Opera because ________.A．the music quality is highB．they enjoy the climate thereC．they want to be famousD．they like the scenery there3．It seems surprising that Santa Fe becomes famous because ________.A．it is only a very small placeB．it is between the mountains and the desertC．all the seats are sold for every showD．musicians there are from the best orchestras4．From the passage, we can learn that ________.A．the opera house is open without any roofsB．musicians always spend vacations in Santa FeC．the government advertises to attract more musiciansD．performances are held in Santa Fe Opera only after it is dark(二)All around the world, shoppers flock to Wal­Mart to buy everyt hing.In Texas, they come for another reason: to see the wind turbine(涡轮机), which supplies 5% of the store's electricity.It along with other facilities, such as exterior walls coatedwith heat­reflective paint, makes this Wal­Mart a green giant.The laws o f economics suggest that Wal­Mart, with 5, 200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the prices of all kinds of goods.It throws its weight behind environmental responsibility, and the impact could be amazing.“One little change in product packaging could save 1, 500 trees，” says Wal­Mart's former CEO Lee Scott.“If everybody saves 1, 500 trees or 50 barrels of oil, at the end of the day they have made a huge difference.”Scott wants Wal­Mart to do its part too.He has promised to cut the existing greenhouse gas emissions(排放物) over the next few years and promised to construct new stores that are more efficient.He wants Wal­Mart's fleet(车队) of more than 7, 000 trucks to get twice as many miles per gallon by 2015.Factories that show Wal­Mart they're cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain.Wal­Mart says it's working with consumer­product manufacturers to reduce their packaging and will reward them if they do so.Some people may doubt it is a bid to attract attention from Wal­Mart's controversial labour and health insurance practices.But it's not just window dressing, because Wal­Mart sees profits in going green.Scott says，“This_is_a_business_philosophy,_not_a_social_philosophy.We don't go where we don't think there's great interest in change.”Like Bill Gates, who started his charitable foundation, Scott happens to be promoting Wal­Mart's image at a time when his company's reputation is declining.He acknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield(保护) Wal­Mart from bad press about its contribution to global warming.“By doing what we're doing today, we avoid the headline risks that are going to come for people who did not do anything，” he says.“At some point businesses will be held responsible for the action they take.”Meanwhile, should Wal­Mart succeed in shrinking its environmental footprint and lowering prices for green products, both the planet and the company would profit.5．We can infer from the passage that ________.A．Lee Scott is Wal­Mart's present CEOB．there are 5, 200 stores in the worldC．Wal­Mart has a great influence on the world marketD．Wal­Mart has more than 7,000 trucks all over the world6．What does the underlined sentence “This is a business philosophy, not a social philosophy.” mean in the fourth paragraph?A．Wal­Mart predicts huge profits in its green activity.B．Wal­Mart's green activity is just window dressing.C．Wal­Mart aims to solve its healt h insurance practices.D．Wal­Mart doesn't have any social responsibility at all.7．What will Wal­Mart probably do in the future?A．Reduce air pollution in its present stores.B．Give favourable treatment to its consumers.C．Ask the factories to reduce their packaging.D．Demand the fleet of trucks to use more fuel than before.8．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A．Provide the background of the green plan.B．Stress the purpose of Wal­Mart's green plan.C．Present the risks that Wal­Mart is facing now adays.D．Analyse the similarity between Bill Gates and Scott.(三)Imagine living in a city made of glass. No, this isn't a fairy tale. If you could grab your diving gear and swim down 650 feet into the Pacific Ocean off the coastof Washington State, you would witness the secret world of glass reefs.The reef you'd be looking at is made up of glass sponges(海绵). But how can animals be made of glass? Well, glass is formed from a substance called silica. The sponges use the silica found in ocean waters to build glass structures that will give them shape and support. Be careful! Some of the fragile creatures are up to 200 years old.When sponges die, new ones grow on top of the pile of old ones. Over centuries, a massive and complex reef takes shape. Some sponges look like wrinkled trumpets, while others look like overgrown cauliflowers or mushrooms.Dr Paul Johnson, who discovered the Washington reef in 2007, also found other surprises such as bubbles of methane(甲烷) gas flowing out of the seafloor nearby. The methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges.“It's a new ecosystem we know nothing about，” said Dr Johnson.The reef of yellow and orange glass sponges is crowded with crabs, shrimps, starfish, worms, snails, and rockfish. The glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a “kindergarten” by scientists.Many animals that live in the reef hang around for a long time, just like the sponges. Rockfish, for example, live for more than 100 years. Scientists are just beginning to study all the species that call the reef home.The Washington coast isn't the only place where a living glass reef has been found. The first was discovered in Hecate Strait off the coast of British Columbia in 1991. Scientists all over the world were stunned to see it.9．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A．Man­made cities under the seaB．The world under the seaC．Glass “cities” under the seaD．Creatures under the sea10．It can be learned that the glass reef ________.A．is made up of a kind of materials called spongesB．is a work of art made by some American scientistsC．is a new ecosystem people are not familiar withD．was first discovered off the coast of Washington State11．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．The sponges must feel soft.B．Silica comes from animals' body fluid.C．Methane is harmful to glass sponges.D．Glass sponges depend on the bacteria for a living.12．Why did scientists call the glass reef a “kindergarten”？A．Because the babies of many sea creatures grow well there.B．Because thousands of children visit it every year.C．Because it is crowded with snails and rockfish, etc.D．Because all the species call the reef home.13．What does the underlined word“stunned”in the last paragraph mean?A．Greatly surprised.B．Extremely scared.C．Highly satisfied.D．Very pleased.专题限时训练(三十四)【史地自然型阅读理解(二)】(一)【文章大意】 Santa Fe 歌剧院虽然小，而且又是敞篷式的，但在美国却很著名，因为许多优秀的年轻歌手都想在这里一展歌喉从而一举成名。

陕西省高考英语二轮复习 专题升级训练卷十六 史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配(一)

陕西省高考英语二轮复习 专题升级训练卷十六 史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配(一)

2013年高考第二轮复习英语陕西版专题升级训练十六史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配（一）第一节阅读理解AThe Alps are the youngest and highest mountain system in Europe.They stretch across the western and southern part of the continent in a broad arc.The mountain range starts near the Mediterranean Sea on the border between France and Italy.Then it curves north and eastward through northern Italy，Switzerland，Liechtenstein，southern Germany，Austria and Slovenia.The Alps are about 1,000 km long，and the broadest section is over 260 km wide.The highest peak，Mont Blanc，situated on the border between France，Italy and Switzerland，rises 4,807 meters above sea level.Other famous peaks are the Monte Rosa，the Matterhorn，the GroBglockner and the Zugspitze.Millions of years ago the area of today's Alps was covered by a large sea that separated Europe and Africa.The southern land mass started moving northwards.This movement folded rock layers at the bottom of the sea.Heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the_material upwards.Today these regions are the highest parts of the Alps.Most of the newly formed rock is granite and gneiss，but many ranges consist of limestone which also formed on the seabed.During the Ice Age，which started about a million years ago，the Alps were covered with a thick blanket of snow.Glaciers moved down valleys and made them wider and deeper.As they moved they took rock and other material with them，creating moraines （冰碛）．When glaciers started to melt water filled up behind these natural dams and created the alpine lakes we know today.The largest of these glaciers is the Aletsch in Switzerland which reaches a l ength of about 25 km.The longest glacier of the eastern Alps is the 8 km long Pasterze，at the foot of the GroBglockner.The ice and snow of the alpine regions helped create the large rivers of today：the Rhine，Rhone，Danube and the Po.1．From the first two paragraphs we know the Alps ______.A．are about 260 km wideB．stretch across the western part of AfricaC．are the youngest mountain system in the worldD．have the highest peak 4,807 meters above sea level2．What does the underlined phrase “this material” i n Para.3 refer to?A．Sea water and rock.B．Rock that was transformed.C．Rock layers that were folded.D．Limestone which was on the seabed.3．It can be inferred from the passage that the Alps were formed ______.A．before the Ice Age B．during the Ice AgeC．because of seas' movement D．because of glaciers' movement4．From the passage we know Danube is ______.A．a kind of rock B．one of the Alps' famous peaksC．the name of a river D．one of the largest glaciersBNanoparticles（纳米粒子）are everywhere，from cosmetics and clothes，to soda and snacks.But as common as they are，they also have a downside，say researchers at Binghamton University and Cornell University in a recent paper published in thejournal Nature Nanotechnology.These tiny particles，even in low doses，could have a big impact on our long­term health.According to the lead author of the article，Gretchen Mahler，assistant professor of bioengineering at Binghamton University，much of the existing research on the safety of nanoparticles has been directly related to health effects.But what Mahler and a team of researchers really wanted to know was what happens when someone gets constant exposure in small doses—the kind you'd get if you took a drug or supplement that included nanoparticles in some form.“We thought that the best way to measure the more subtle（精细的）effects of this kind of intake was to monitor the reaction of intestinal（肠道的）cells，”said Mahler.“And we did this in two ways：through human intestinal­lining cells that we had cultured in the lab，and through the intestinal linings of live chickens.Both sets of results pointed to the same thing—that exposure to nanoparticles influences the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.”The uptake of iron was of particular interest due to the way it is absorbed and processed through the intestines.“What w e found was that for brief exposures，iron absorption dropped by about 50 percent，”said Mahler.“But when we extended that period of time，absorption actually increased by about 200 percent.It was very clear—nanoparticles definitely affect iron uptake and transport.”While brief oral exposure disrupted intestinal iron transport，long­time exposure caused intestinal cells to be larger and broader，thus allowing iron to enter the bloodstream much faster.“The intestinal cells are a gateway that ingested nanoparticles must go through to get to the body，”said Mahler.“We monitored iron absorption and found that the polystyrene nanoparticles affected the absorption process and caused a physiological response.”5．What is the best title for the passage?A．Nanoparticles are common in our life.B．Nanoparticles have an effect on our health.C．We should know more about nanoparticles.D．The intake of nanoparticles should be banned.6．Gretchen Mahler's research is to ______.A．measure the direct health effects of iron uptakeB．find out the effect of long­time expo sure to nanoparticlesC．explore how to reduce the effects of nanoparticlesD．study how nanoparticles affect chickens7．The underlined word “disrupted” in the last paragraph probably means “______”．A．disordered B．benefitedC．discovered D．followed8．In which part of a magazine can this passage most likely be found?A．Science. B．History.C．Entertainment. D．Economy.CClimate change is threatening to redraw the world's wine­producing map，and the effects are already being seen in earlier harvests and coarser（更为粗糙、劣质的）wines.“The consequences of global warming are already being felt.Harvests are already coming 10 days earlier than before in almost all grape­growing regions，”said Bernard Seguin，the head of climate studies at France's INRA agricultural research institute.He was speaking at the opening of the Second International Congress on Wine and Climate Change.“Wine and wine­producing will change in a way that will dependon how we face global warming，”said Seguin.“If the tempera ture rises two or three degrees centigrade，we could manage to see Bordeaux remain as Bordeaux，Rioja as Rioja，Burgundy as Burgundy.But if it goes up five or six degrees，we must face up to huge problems，and the changes will be hard，”he said.Grapes are damaged if they ripen too quickly，due to higher temperatures and a lack of rain.“When a grape matures more quickly，you get higher concentrations of sugar，lower acidity（酸性）and a higher PH level，”said Fernando Zamora of the oenology faculty（葡萄酒酿造学系）at the University of Tarragona in Spain.The result is coarser wines，with a higher alcohol level and lower acidity which can destroy the delicate flavor of good quality wines，he said.It would also lead to higher prices in countries which tax wine according to its alcoho l level.“The types of wines will change in almost all regions，”said Vicente Sotes，a professor at the Polytechnic University.And some regions which still produce good wine would no longer benefit from the ideal climatic conditions that are responsible for their fame.“The French will have problems，especially in the Bordeaux region，”said Pancho Campos，the president of the Wine Academy of Spain，who organized the Barcelona conference.“German producers on the banks of the Rhine will be the least at risk，”he sai d.The French “Grand Crus” could be further threatened by the “New World” wines of Australia，California，Chile，Argentina，South Africa and New Zealand，which would have the best climatic conditions.“The countries in the southern hemisphere（半球）are next to a greater mass of water，and it is sea currents that maintain the temperature at its level，”said Campos.9．What's the main idea of the passage?A．How we should fight against the climate change.B．Earlier harvests are the causes of coarser wines.C．Wine production is threatened by the climate change.D．Global warming is very serious in many countries.10．A brand of wine with poor quality bears the feature of ______.A．a lower alcohol level B．a lower PH levelC．a lower acidity level D．a lower sugar level11．The last paragraph indicates that ______.A．wines produced in the countries in the southern hemisphere have low prices B．French wine producers face more threats from the rise of temperatureC．the southern countries have much higher temperature compared with the north D．the countries in the southern hemisphere would have ideal climate for wine producingDScientists think it will be possible to record people's dreams and then interpret them.They claim to have developed a system which allows them to record higher level brain activity.Dr Moran Cerf told the journal Nature：“We would like to read people's dreams.”Previously the only way to access people's dreams is for psychologists to ask about them after the event and try to interpret them.Dr Cerf hopes to eventually compare people's memories of their dreams with an electronic picture of their brain activity.He told the BBC：“There's no clear answer as to why humans dream.And one of the questions we would like to answer is when do we actually create this dream.”The scientist believes his latest research shows that certain neurons（神经元）or individual brain cells are linked with specific objects or concepts.He found that a particular neuron lit up when a volunteer thought about Marilyn Monroe.If a databasewas built up identifying various neurons with concepts，objects and people，it would allow them to “read the subject's minds”，according to Dr Cerf.However，Dr Roderick Oner，a clinical psychologist and dream expert，said that this kind of picture would be of lim ited help when it came to interpreting the “complex dream story”．In order to get a detailed picture of individual neurons，scientists had to have electrodes（电极）implanted deep in the brain by using surgery.The Nature researchers used data from patients who had electrodes implanted to monitor and treat them for brain seizures.However，Dr Cerf said he hoped that it would be possible at a later stage to monitor people without invasive surgery.He said it would be “wonderful” to be able to read the minds of coma（昏迷的）patients who are unable to communicate.12．How did we record and interpret our dreams in the past?A．We couldn't do that because of our limited science knowledge.B．Only some scientists could do that with some special systems.C．Everyone could do that by asking about the dreamers after the event.D．Psychologists could do that by asking about the dreamers after the event.13．What can be inferred from the 3rd paragraph?A．Dr Cerf's latest research is really a success.B．Dr Cerf's latest research turns out to be a failure.C．Not all scientists are in favor of Dr Cerf's opinion.D．All scientists think Dr Cerf's research is ridiculous.14．Why did scientists have electrodes implanted deep in the brain?A．Because they wanted to gain a more clear image of individual neurons.B．Because they hoped to find a new way of curing the patients' brain seizures.C．Because they could get the data that would be used for treating brain seizures.D．Because they wanted to read the minds of coma patients unable to communicate.15．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A．A famous scientist，Dr CerfB．Scientists plan to record people's dreamsC．When do we actually create this dreamD．Roderick Oner，a clinical psychologist and dream expert第二节信息匹配16．Paris，the capital and largest city of the country，is in north central France.The Paris metropolitan area contains nearly 20% of the nation's population and is the economic，cultural，and political center of France.The French government have historically favored the city as the site for all decision­making，thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation's activities.17．Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the national capital in the late 10th century.With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution，a great number of people moved to the city from the country during the 19th century.The migration was especially stimulated by the construction of railroads，which provided easy accessto the capital.After World War Ⅱ，more and more immigrants arrived.18．The city is the centralized control point of most national radio and television broadcasting.It is a place of publication of the most important newspapers and magazines and an international book publishing center.With more than 100 museums，Paris has truly one of the greatest concentrations of art treasures in the world.The Louvre opened as a museum in 1793，is one of the largest museums in the world.19．In the late 1980s about 4.1 million pupils annually attended about 47,000 elementary schools.In addition，about 5.4 million students attended some 11,200 secondary schools.Approximately 1.2 million students were enrolled annually at universities and colleges in France in the late 1980s.French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world.20．Paris is the leading industrial center of France，with about one quarter of the nation's manufacturing concentrated in the metropolitan area.Industries of consumers' goods have always been drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population.and modern，high­technolog y industries also have become numerous since World War Ⅱ.Chief manufactures are machinery，automobiles，chemicals and electrical equipment.参考答案第一节阅读理解A1. 答案：D解析：细节理解题。

高考英语二轮复习 专题限时训练(三十四) 史地自然型阅读理解配套作业(二)(解析版,新课标)

高考英语二轮复习 专题限时训练(三十四) 史地自然型阅读理解配套作业(二)(解析版,新课标)

(限时：25分钟)(一)Several animal species including gorillas (大猩猩) in Rwanda and tigers in Bangladesh could risk extinction if impact of climate change and extreme weather on their homes is not handled, a UN report showed on Sunday.Released during the course of global climate negotiations in Durban, the report by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (UNFAO) shows how higher temperatures, the rise in sea levels, deforestation and overuse of land have damaged the habitats of certain species, espec ially in Africa. “Many ecosystems have already been affected by increasing population, historical and recent deforestation, short­lasting management practices and even invasive species，” Eduardo Rojas, assistant director general at the UNFAO's forestry department, said at the release of the report.The most affected areas include mountains, islands and coastal areas, which limit the possibilities for animals to move elsewhere and create new habitats. “The remaining populations are limited to very small ecosystems. They have inbreeding (近亲繁殖) problems, and at the end these species may disappear，” he added.Other examples of affected animals include elephants in Mali, lions in Serengeti and crocodiles in Malawi. The report says about 20～30 percent of plant and animal species will be at higher risk of extinction due to global warming and a significant number of local species may disappear by 2050 as a consequence. Other consequences could include the spread of invasive species and infectious diseases, it said.The report urges more focus on restoration of damaged ecosystems, especially those key to dealing with climate change such as inland waters, forests and grasslands. The UNFAO also called for the creation of movement channels for animals in areas where their movement was affected. The organization said while more resources (资源) were flowing to biodiversity conservation, more action at the government and policy level was needed. It also urges local communities to develop projects that ease the effect of climat e change on wildlife, naming eco­tourism activities as an example.1. What does the author tell us in Paragraph 2?A. The theme of global climate negotiations in Durban.B．The subject of research done by Eduardo Rojas.C．Harmful effects of damage done to ecosystems.D．Causes of damage done to ecosystems.2. Why are animals living in mountains, islands and coastal areas most affected?A. They are frequently attacked by invasive species and infectious diseases.B．They have difficulty finding enough food for survival.C．They have little chance of moving to other places.D．They can hardly find mates to produce their young.3. To avoid extinction of some animal species, the UNFAO suggested all the following ways EXCEPT ________.A. restoring damaged ecosystemsB．limiting world population growthC．creating movement channels for animalsD．urging governments and local communities to take action4. What would serve as the best title for the passage?A. Climate change and eco­tourismB．Human activities and the animal kingdomC．Gorillas, tigers at risk due to climate changeD．How to balance human development and animal rights(二)Death Valley, one of America's great national parks, is a place of strange and silent beauty. As beautiful as this place is, its name provides evidence of very real danger. Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes. There are mountains that reach more than 3,000 meters into the sky. There is a place called Badwater that is the lowest area of land in the Western Hemisphere. If there were water there, it would be 86 meters below the level of the ocean.Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months. Storms in the mountains can produce sudden flooding on the floor of the Valley. The air temperature during the summer ha s been as high as 57℃. The sun can heat the ground so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as 74℃. The extreme heat of Death Valley has killed people in the past. It will continue to kill those who do not honor this extreme climate. Death Valley does not forgive those who are not careful.Death Valley is a good example of the violence of nature. It contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions. Evidence of one of these explosions is called Ubehebe Crater. The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a kilometer and a half wide.In many areas of Death Valley it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth. This movement has created unusual and beautiful rock formations. Some are red. Others are dark brown, gray, yellow or black. Other areas of rock look as if some huge creature violently broke and twisted the Earth to create unusual, sometimes frightening shapes.In other parts of Death Valley there are lines in the rock that show clearly that this area was deep under an ocean for many thousands of years. Much of the Valley is flat and extremely dry. In fact, scientists believe it is the driest place in the United States.Death Valley, part of the Great Mojave Desert, is a huge place. It extends more than 225 kilometers across the southern part of California, and across the border with Nevada.1．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A．The water in Badwater is 86 meters below the level of the ocean.B．The highest air temperature of Death Valley in summer can reach as high as 74℃.C．The ground has been pushed up violently by explosions of volcanoes.D．There might have been marine lives living in Death Valley.2．Why were some people killed by Death Valley?A．Because they didn't respect Death Valley and thus they were punished.B．Because it is extremely hot in summer and dangerously cold in winter.C．Because they were not careful enough to take with them what they needed.D．Because several volcanoes erupted and caused huge explosions.3．The underlined word “twisted” in Paragraph 4 most possibly means “________”.A．bent and turnedB．created and developedC．built and shapedD．changed and ruined4．The purpose of the article is to ________.A．encourage people to visit Death Valley, a beautiful national park in America B．warn people not to visit Death Valley because it is quite dangerous there C．introduce to us readers a special national park in America, Death Valley D．raise money for the protection of Death Valley because it is in danger now(三)Michele, a filmmaker, dives into an eerie (怪诞的) world. The usually colorful corals are a ghostly white. Most of the fish, crabs, and other animals have disappeared. The reef is sick and dying.Coral reefs are often called “the rainforests of the sea” because of their abundance of life forms. A great diversity of animals find food and shelter in every crack and crevice.Today's reefs are about 10,000 years old. Found in sunny, shallow water in warm seas all over the world, reefs are made up of the hard shells of millions of corals. As corals live and die, they create a giant, rocky honeycomb. Only a thin top layer is living coral.A reef grows only about as fast as your fingernails—three­quarters of an inch a year. But coral reefs are huge, and in time a healthy reef can be thousands of miles long.Millions of people around the world rely on reef fish and other animals for food. And reefs provide protection from storms at sea. Without thousands of miles of reefs surrounding coastal areas, many beaches and even whole islands could be destroyed by the pounding of powerful ocean waves.“Let's say a grazing animal like the parrot fish is overfished，” Michele explains. “Without them, the kind of algae (海藻) that the fish feed on could grow like weeds and take over the reef. The competition for space and sunlight could then starve the coral.”Nearly 27 percent of the world's coral reefs have been lost or damaged. But there is hope. Many reefs around the world—including the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the reefs off the Florida Keys in the United States—are now protected areas where scientists study how to keep reefs healthy. They determine how many and which kinds of fish can be taken for food without hurting the reef's delicate balance.There is hope, too, that people will learn to be good partners to the reefs. “We want our film to inspire people to help coral reefs，” says Michele. “For me, even though I may not go back to the South Pacific, just knowing the reefs are there and thriving brings a sense of contentment (满足) to my spirit.”1．What is the main purpose of the author in writing the passage? A．To describe what coral reefs are.B．To tell people to protect coral reefs.C．To introduce a film to people.D．To ask people to visit coral reefs.2．From the passage we can infer that ________.A．coral reefs grow very fastB．there are few huge coral reefsC．coral reefs appear mostly in deep waterD．it takes a long time to make a coral reef3．By mentioning the parrot fish, Michele wants to tell us ________. A．coral reefs need sunlight to surviveB．the biggest enemies of reefs are weedsC．the parrot fish feed on a kind of algaeD．it is easy to destroy coral reefs4．What is the author's attitude towards the protection of reefs? A．Optimistic.B．Disappointed.C．Uncertain.D．Pessimistic (悲观的)．专题限时训练(三十四)(一)【解题导语】联合国周日公布的一份报告显示，如果气候变化和极端天气对其栖息地的影响无法解决，包括卢旺达大猩猩和孟加拉虎在内的多种动物都将面临灭绝。

高考英语二轮复习限时训练 史地自然型阅读理解

高考英语二轮复习限时训练 史地自然型阅读理解

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校[史地自然型阅读理解(一)](限时：25分钟)(一)Bees add an estimated eighteen billion dollars a year to the value of American crops. They pollinate(授粉)flowers that become fruits, nuts and vegetables. But, in recent years, honeybee colonies in the United States and Europe have been shrinking. Scientists have proposed different theories to explain what is known as colony collapse disorder.New research suggests that a commonly used group of insecticide(杀虫剂) could cause bees to have a hard time finding their way back to their hive. The new research looks at the use of pesticides called neonicotinoids. They were first used in the 1990s. They are now put on the seeds of many major crops around the world. The seedlings absorb the chemicals as they grow. That means farmers do not need to spray a whole field. Instead there is a little bit of insecticide inside each plant—including the pollen(花粉) and the nectar(花蜜) that the bees want. There is not enough pesticide to kill them. But the new research in the journal Science says it may harm them anyway.Researchers stuck microchips to the backs of the bees. These chips recorded the bees' movements as they came and went from their hive. The scientists fed some bees sugar water with a low dose of a neonicotinoid. The study found that these bees were about twice as likely not to return as other bees.Dave Goulson at the University of Stirling in Britain worked on another study published in Science. He says the pesticides could help explain why bumblebee populations are also decreasing.Bayer CropScience makes neonicotinoid pesticides. The company's spokesman Jack Boyne disputed the findings. He also notes that researchers are studying other factors that could affect the bees' population. These include parasites, diseases and stress caused by transporting beehives to farms. Some European countries have banned the pesticides. And there are growing calls to ban them in the United States as well.1．The underlined word“shrinking”in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ________”．A．increasing B．decreasingC．disappearing D．continuing2．Why were microchips tied to the backs of the bees?A．To record how much honey the bees produce.B．To test how the bees react to the microchips.C．To find if the insecticide affects the bees' population.D．To keep track of the bees' movements.3．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that________.A．the pesticides have been forbidden to use in all European countries B．Bayer CropScience agrees that the pesticides affect the bees' populationC．transporting beehives to farms can surely have an effect on bees D．the use of pesticides is likely to be banned in more countries 4．What does the passage mainly talk about?A．The relationship between pesticides and bees.B．Honeybee colony collapse disorder.C．New findings about the reduction of bees.D．Pesticides that kill bees must be banned.(二)The brown widow spider became established in Southern California in early 2000 and has become part of the local spider family in urban Los Angeles and San Diego. The brown widow spider is continuing its expansion in Southern California and could possibly move northwards into Central California.The brown widow is suspected to have evolved in Africa although it was first described from South America, which adds confusion as to where it might have originated. It is a tropical and subtropical spider having established populations in Hawaii, Florida, parts of Australia, South Africa and Japan. In North America, the brown widow was restricted for many decades to the Florida peninsula. However, around the year 2000, it started showing up in other Gulf Coast states. Brown widows are now known from Texas to Georgia and South Carolina.The brown widow builds its web in protected sites around homes and in woody vegetation with branches. Some typical sites selected by brown widows for web building are empty containers such as buckets and nursery pots, mail boxes, entry way corners, under eaves(屋檐), storage closets and garages, undercarriages of motor vehicles that are stationary for long periods, and the undersides of outdoor furniture. They choose places that are more exposed than sites chosen by black widows and thereforeappear to be at higher risk for interactions with humans as far as bites are concerned.One recent study demonstrates that the brown widow spider is less poisonous than other widow species. The reason for the weaker effect of brown widow bites on humans is possibly because the brown widow does not have much poison as its larger relatives, but it is really a threat to humans as to its poison. The two major symptoms of a brown widow bite are that the bite hurts when it is given and it leaves a red mark. These two symptoms are not much different from the bite of normal household spiders.There is no specific information regarding the control of brown widows by farm chemicals. Most current advice is what is used for controlling spiders in general. Therefore, most commercially available farm chemicals should work on brown widows. Avoiding a mess of the house and the garage should reduce nest sites for them. Also, one should store garage items in plastic bags where there might be interactions with spiders. These items include rarely worn garments such as gardening clothes and gloves, recreational items like sports equipment(i.e., baseball gloves) and other items where spiders can crawl up into holes where fingers can be inserted.5．The author wrote this article to ________.A．announce the result of a research on spidersB．introduce the ways to get rid of the spidersC．report a new finding of the widow speciesD．warn readers against the brown widow6．From the passage we can conclude that ________.A．brown widows are spreading northwardsB．the brown widow originated from AfricaC．brown widows now can be found in all countriesD．there used to be no brown widows in North America7．The third paragraph is mainly about ________.A．the brown widow's web buildingB．the characteristics of the brown widowC．the habitat preferences of the brown widowD．the brown widow's threat to human beings8．It can be inferred that ________.A．brown widows can be killed with any farm chemicalB．at present people can only control brown widow spidersC．the brown widow has more poison than the black widowD．victims bitten by the brown widow needn't see the doctor(三)A famous building in New York City is turning 100 years old this month.A year­long celebration is planned for Grand Central Terminal, which is usually called Grand Central Station.The huge building has not changed much since it opened in February, 1913. About 750,000 people pass through Grand Central every day, making it the sixth most­visited place in the world. Some just come to look at it, and others come to visit the stores. But most are there to catch the trains that enter and leave from the station. With 67 underground train tracks, it is the largest train station in the world.The main part of the building has large, arched windows, a jewelled four­sided clock and ticket windows. Grand Central has been seen in many movies through the years. Having worked for the transit authority at Grand Central for 30 years and never having lost interest in the building, Dan Brucker is with the New York City Transit Authority, which operates the station.“Grand Central is the kind of temple, cathedral that shows the magnificence of rail transportation, and the kind that God would have built if he'd had the money.”This is the beginning of 20th century architecture. The ceiling overhead, with its famous mural of the stars, is one of Grand Central Terminal's most famous features. However, eagle­eyed visitors will notice that the zodiac(黄道带) on the ceiling is depicted backwards. Some have assumed that this was a mistake by the artist, Paul Helleu. The real reason, according to official documents, is that the painter was inspired by a medieval(中世纪的) painting that showed the heavens as they would have been seen from outside the celestial sphere(天球)．Justin Ferate, a historian, has been giving tours of Grand Central Station for 30 years. He says the station was designed to make travel a pleasure.“You know that you're a traveller, that you're going off on a great adventure, and that you're going to follow your stars and find your dream. You're also going to find your train where it's supposed to be—which is one of the brilliant parts of the design of the building.”Justin Ferate likes to show how the building was designed for large numbers of people.“Why people don't run into each other in Grand Central is simple:each block of stone in Grand Central is the length of your leg. Each block of stone in Grand Central is the length of your arm. Each block of stone is a different colour, so it's a checkerboard, based on you.”A ten­year­long fight against a plan to build a huge office building over Grand Central in 1968 helped create the modern preservation movement. Now, no one would think of changing the beauty of the station.9．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.A．announce to people that a celebration is planned for Grand Central B．encourage people to go to visit Grand CentralC．introduce to people the architectural feature of the building of Grand Central StationD．tell people the important role Grand Central played in history 10．What can we learn about Grand Central Station?A．It receives about 750,000 passengers every day.B．Despite its long history, it almost remains what it was.C．With a huge office building over it, it has become more beautiful.D．It is under the charge of Dan Brucker.11．According to the passage, what impresses Justin Ferate most is ________.A．the long history of the buildingB．the mystery of the buildingC．the ceiling of the buildingD．the way the building was designed12．What Dan Brucker said showed the________ of Grand Central. A．importance B．grandnessC．perfectness D．value专题限时训练(三十三) 【史地自然型阅读理解(一)】(一)【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。

高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解 史地常识类限时检测

高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解 史地常识类限时检测

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校阅读理解之史地常识类(共3篇，限时22分钟)A(2013·辽宁大连双基测试)Under the cold clear water of Lake Huron, researchers have found a five­and­a­half­foot­long piece of wood that is 8,900 years old. The wood, which is tapered (使成锥形) on one side in a way that looks deliberate, may provide important clues to a mysterious period in North American prehistory.“This was the stage when humans gradually shifted from hunting large animals to fishing, gathering and agriculture，” said anthropologist John O'Shea. “But because most of the places in this area that prehistoric people lived in are now under water, we don't have good evidence of this important shift itself. We just have clues from before and after the change.”With support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), O'Shea and his colleague Guy Meadows began exploring the area several years ago. In 2009 they reported finding a series of stone features that they believe were “drive lanes” used by ancient I ndian hunters.Since that discovery, O'Shea and Meadows have worked on identifying human campsites, which are typically located away from hunting areas. On their 25­foot boat, the researchers first spotted the ancient wood object using a small piece of equipment with a camera. Then a team of divers — including O'Shea — went down about 100 feet to get it.The wood's age has now been fixed by means of carbon dating. It is currently undergoing more detailed analyses to determine whether there has been human mo dification, which visual examination suggests. “The first thing you notice is that it appears to have been shaped with a rounded base and a pointed tip，” O'Shea said. “It must have been created. It looks like it might have been used as a tent pole or a pole to hang meat.”In addition to the wood, the researchers have collected many other samples from the bottom of the lake. O'Shea and his colleagues will need to wait for calmer weather before they can resume their search for evidence of human life under the great lake.语篇解读：考古学家们的新发现有望印证远古人类从游猎文明到农耕文明的转变。

2012高考英语二轮复习 限时专题训练26 史地常识型阅读理解.pdf

2012高考英语二轮复习 限时专题训练26 史地常识型阅读理解.pdf

专限时训练(二十六)　[史地常识型阅读理解] (限时：每篇7分钟) (一) Today, one can trace Venice’s rich past from its buildings. Most cities can claim at least a handful of outstanding churches, palaces or houses of historical interest, and nearly everything is remarkable, from the magnificent Piazza San Marco (St. Mark’s Square ) and the palaces that line the Grand Canal to the centuries-old homes of simple fishermen. It would be easy to say that the city itself is an enormous museum if it were not for the fact that it is so obviously alive. At first sight, Venice looks unbelievably permanent, an apparently complete Renaissance (文艺复兴) city so untouched by time that there seems no reason why it should not go on forever. Now the city is slowly sinking, as the clay on which it is built loses its elasticity (弹性) and the massive woodenpiles rot (腐烂) away. Flooding, such a rare occurrence a hundred years ago now happens several times each winter. The damage caused by the flooding is immense, and the fabric of the ancient buildings is now being further damaged by pollution from the mainland town as well as by the wash produced by the constantly increasing number of motor boats that speed up and down the canals. A further threat to Venice comes from the Venetians themselves, some of whom are not particularly interested in preserving the city as one of the wonders of the world and would prefer to see it modernized. “What better place is there for the meeting of dear friends? See how it glows with the advancing summer; how the sky and the sea and the rosy air and the marble of the palaces all glimmer and melt together.” Thus wrote the famous author Henry James, of Venice, which provided the setting for his story The Aspern Papers, in the nineteenth century. The splendor of Venice has captured the imagination of artists for centuries—and not just of the great painters and novelists. How tragic now that she is faced with the double threat of man and nature. Venice indeed will be lucky to survive. ( )1.Venice proudly boasts________. A．its beautiful churches, palaces and houses B．its unique St. Mark’s Square and the Grand Canal C．its picturesque waterscape D．its marvelous ancient buildings . A．is very confident that Venice will survive B．is doubtful whether Venice will survive C．thinks that Venice will have luck D．is afraid that Venice will no longer attract artists and novelists (二) The Best of Alaska Nothing evokes(唤起) Alaska like a whale exploding out of the water or an eagle pulling a silverfish from the river. Combine these images with high mountains, brilliant icebergs and wonderful meals and you really do have the Best of Alaska! Join us for an unforgettable 7-day excursion(远足) to thelast frontier! Highlights： JUNEAU: Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty. It is here that we start and end our trip. HAINES: Haines is a small community located along the fjords(海湾). The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a premier center for adventure in Alaska. ALASKA INDIAN ARTS: Alaska Indian Arts is a nonprofit corporation dedicated to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes. We spend a few hours learning carving, native beading(玻璃珠) and culture from these master artists. SKAGWAY: Skagway is a lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorfulshops. In Skagway, we stop by the Klondike Gold Rush National Park Visitor’s Center and ride the White Pass Yukon Route Railway. GUSTAVUS: Gustavus is the gateway to Glacier Bay National Park. We’ll stay at a comfortable lodge here for two nights. This will be the base for both the whale-watching excursion and a full day cruisein Glacier Bay. DATES/PRICES: 2012: May 15, June 17, July 16, August 14. 7 days—$3500, including lodging, all meals, excursions, guides, park fees, sales taxes, and transportation between Juneau, Skagway, Haines, and Gustavus. Not included: Alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau. Contact: E-mail: info@ Call: 800－766－3396 Write: Alaska Mountain Guides & Climbing School P．O. Box 1081, Haines AK 99827 ( )6.You can feel the history of the local place at ________. A．Juneau B．Skagway C．Haines D．Gustavus ( )7.You can watch a whale exploding out of the water at ________. A．Glacier Bay National Park B．the Klondike Gold Rush National Park C．the White Pass Yukon D．the fjords ( )8.According to the advertisement, the participants of the excursion ________. A．will spend one day experiencing the local culture at Alaska Indian Arts B．can contact Alaska Mountain Guides & Climbing School by email or fax C．are able to experience some adventurous activities in Haines D．can get lots of traditional native artworks free of charge ( )9.Which of the following is a participant required to pay additional fees? A．Going from Gustavus to Juneau by train. B．A full day cruise in Glacier Bay. C．Having the last supper at Juneau. D．Flying from Juneau to his hometown. ( )10.It is known from the advertisement that ________. A．the native culture of the Northwest Native Tribes is dying out B．Juneau, as the state capital, is much more beautiful than Haines C．Skagway was the richest town of Alaska in the past D．Alaska is famous for its culture, history and natural beauty (三) People have been acting like people—in other words, they’ve been making tools, creating ceremonies, and sharing food—for a long time. That’s the conclusion of a recent study from South Africa’s southern coast. There, in a cave lying above the sea, researchers from Arizona State University have found evidence that humans were behaving in surprisingly complex ways as early as 164,000 years ago. Our species, Homo sapiens, appeared an estimated 200,000 years ago. The cave held three important clues about the behavior of these Stone Age people. First, the researchers found the remains of all kinds of shellfish. The people who lived in the cave probably collected these creatures from rocky shores and tide pools and brought them to the cave to eat. The researchers propose the early Africans moved to the South African coast between 195,000 and 130,000 years ago. Around that time, the climate inland turned relatively cold and dry. Therefore, therewere fewer plants and animals to eat away from the coast. When these ancient people moved to the coast, they probably experienced a major cultural shift, the researchers suspect. That’s because observations of modern hunter-gatherer societies suggest that men are more likely to hunt for big animals when people live inland. On the coast, women play a more important role in providing food by gathering plants and shellfish. As for the second clue, the researchers unearthed 57 pieces of reddish pigment(颜料). The researchers think that the cave habitants used the paint for coloring their bodies or for other ceremonies. Symbolic behavior is a clearly human feature. Finally, the search discovered over 1,800 stone tools, including well-crafted blades(刀片). These blades came in various sizes. The smallest were just less than a half-inch wide. Ancient people may have attached these blades to the end of a stick to make spears or other tools. ( )11.What is the passage mainly about? A．Ancient cave behavior. B．New evidence of ancient life. C．The history of human beings. D．Human behavior’s development. ( )12.The early Africans moved to the South African coast with the main purpose of ________. A．avoiding badly cold and dry weather B．seeking the cultural development C．seeking enough food to live on D．living a newer and better life ( )13.According to the passage, the cave habitants________. A．knew how to use colors for decoration B．made a living largely by hunting animals C．only could made tools with rough blades D．could hunt for fish in the sea with ships ( )14.After the early Africans moved to the coast, what probably happened to their culture? A．Women’s role was as important as men’s role in families. B．They were no longer used to living inlands but living on the coast. C．Men’s role was more important than women’s role in earning food. D．Women’s role was more important than men’s role in earning food. ( )15.The new discoveries in the cave should support the theory that ________. A．modern human behavior developed smoothly fast from the ancient time B．modern human behavior developed slowly from the ancient time C．South Africa is the birthplace of the earliest human beings in the world D．modern human behavior is largely the same as ancient human behavior 专限时训练(二十六) (一)。

无锡新领航教育特供(课程标准卷地区专用)2013高英语二轮复习 专题限时训练配套作业 5

无锡新领航教育特供(课程标准卷地区专用)2013高英语二轮复习 专题限时训练配套作业 5

小升初 中高考 高二会考 艺考生文化课 一对一辅导 /wxxlhjy QQ:1571710901 无锡新领航教育特供专题限时训练(三十三) [史地自然型阅读理解(一)](限时：25分钟)(一)In America, Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resort: brilliant beaches, a lively boardwalk, plenty of restaurants and nightspots, and amusement rides sure to appeal to kids. Many believe Virginia Beach is at its best in the off­season, when the town is less crowded but the weather is still mild.Meanwhile, some safety tips should be followed, enjoying the happiness and excitement the beach offers.The number 1 safety tip concerns ocean safety: pay attention to flag conditions posted on the lifeguard stands. Lifeguards post a red flag to warn when the ocean water is dangerous. Take them seriously! Tourists from land­locked regions are particularly easily attracted by the magic of the waves. However, a calm ocean can become risky without warning. Make sure you swim near a lifeguard. Swimming without lifeguard protection is almost five times as great as drowning at a beach with lifeguards.Never swim alone. Many drownings involve single swimmers. When you swim with someone else, if one of you has a problem, the other may be able to get help, including signaling for assistance from others.Don't fight the current. The facts show that some 80% of rescues by lifeguards at ocean beaches are caused by currents. These currents are formed by surf and gravity, because once surf pushes water up the slope of a beach, gravity pulls it back. This can create concentrated rivers of water moving offshore. If you are caught in a rip current, don't fight it by trying to swim directly to shore. Instead, swim parallel to shore until you feel the current relax, then swim to shore. Most rip currents are narrow and a short swim parallel to shore will help bring you to safety.1. When coming to Virginia Beach, children cannot enjoy the happiness of________.A. walking on the road made of woodB ．joining the nightspotsC ．riding a horse or a pumper carD ．skiing in the sea2. Many people believe the best time to visit Virginia Beach may be ________.A. after autumn school term beginningB ．in the summer vacationC ．during the Christmas holidayD ．in the cold winter3. Swimming in the sea you'd better not swim ________.A. with a friend。

高考英语二轮专题限时训练(34)史地自然型阅读理解(2)(含答案)

高考英语二轮专题限时训练(34)史地自然型阅读理解(2)(含答案)

专题限时训练(三十四) [史地自然型阅读理解(二)](限时：25分钟)(一)The opera house in Santa Fe, New Mexico, is one of the most beautiful ones in the United States. It is small and open, with one roof over the stage where singers perform and another roof over part of the audience. This opera house in the mountain is one of the best in the country, which may seem surprising because performances are only given during the seven weeks in summer, and because Santa Fe is a very small city.One reason why the Santa Fe Opera is so good is that it attracts many excellent young singers. They all hope to sing in famous opera houses like Metropolitan Opera House in New York City someday, and they work hard to become well known during the summer. The musicians and directors are experts who come from the best orchestras(管弦乐队) and operas in the country during their vacations. They enjoy working there because they like to live in Santa Fe, which is near both the mountains and the desert. It is very beautiful there in summer.The state government of New Mexico advertises the Santa Fe Opera in the newspapers all over the country, and a great many tourists come to New Mexico because of the opera. Still, most of the audience does come from Santa Fe and other nearby cities, and all the seats in the theatre are sold for every show.There is only one thing that some people do not like about the Santa Fe Opera, and that is the cold weather. Because the theatre is open, performances cannot start before it gets dark at nine o'clock in the evening, and then the mountain air becomes very cool. Sometimes people complain about the cold air, but because the operas are good, these people come back again wearing warm coats.1．This passage mainly introduces ________.A．a mountain cityB．young musiciansC．an opera houseD．the tourism in Santa Fe2．Yong singers come to perform in Santa Fe Opera because ________.A．the music quality is highB．they enjoy the climate thereC．they want to be famousD．they like the scenery there3．It seems surprising that Santa Fe becomes famous because ________.A．it is only a very small placeB．it is between the mountains and the desertC．all the seats are sold for every showD．musicians there are from the best orchestras4．From the passage, we can learn that ________.A．the opera house is open without any roofsB．musicians always spend vacations in Santa FeC．the government advertises to attract more musiciansD．performances are held in Santa Fe Opera only after it is dark(二)All around the world, shoppers flock to Wal­Mart to buy everything.In Texas, they come for another reason: to see the wind turbine(涡轮机), which supplies 5% of the store's electricity.It along with other facilities, such as exterior walls coated with he at­reflective paint, makes this Wal­Mart a green giant.The laws of economics suggest that Wal­Mart, with 5, 200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the prices of all kinds of goods.It throws its weight behind environmental responsibility, a nd the impact could be amazing.“One little change in product packaging could save 1, 500 trees，” says Wal­Mart's former CEO Lee Scott.“If everybody saves 1, 500 trees or 50 barrels of oil, at theend of the day they have made a huge difference.”Scott wan ts Wal­Mart to do its part too.He has promised to cut the existing greenhouse gas emissions(排放物) over the next few years and promised to construct new stores that are more efficient.He wants Wal­Mart's fleet(车队) of more than 7, 000 trucks to get twice as many miles per gallon by 2018.Factories that show Wal­Mart they're cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain.Wal­Mart says it's working with consumer­product manufacturers to reduce their packaging and will reward them if they do so.Some people may doubt it is a bid to attract attention from Wal­Mart's controversial labour and health insurance practices.But it's not just window dressing, because Wal­Mart sees profits in going green.Scott says，“This_is_a_business_philosophy,_not_a_social_philosophy.We don't go where we don't think there's great interest in change.”Like Bill Gates, who started his charitable foundation, Scott happens to be promoting Wal­Mart's image at a time when his company's reputation is declining.He acknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield(保护) Wal­Mart from bad press about its contribution to global warming.“By doing what we're doing today, we avoid the headline risks that are going to come for people who did not do anything，” he says.“At some point businesses will be held responsible for the action they take.”Meanwhile, should Wal­Mart succeed in shrinking its environmental footprint and lowering prices for green products, both the planet and the company would profit.5．We can infer from the passage that ________.A．Lee Scott is Wal­Mart's present CEOB．there are 5, 200 stores in the worldC．Wal­Mart has a great influence on the world marketD．Wal­Mart has more than 7,000 trucks all over the world6．What does the underlined sentence “This is a business philosophy, not a social philosophy.” mean in the fourth paragraph?A．Wal­Mart predicts huge profits in its green activity.B．Wal­Mart's green activity is just window dressing.C．Wal­Mart aims to solve its health insurance practices.D．Wal­Ma rt doesn't have any social responsibility at all.7．What will Wal­Mart probably do in the future?A．Reduce air pollution in its present stores.B．Give favourable treatment to its consumers.C．Ask the factories to reduce their packaging.D．Demand the fleet of trucks to use more fuel than before.8．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A．Provide the background of the green plan.B．Stress the purpose of Wal­Mart's green plan.C．Present the risks that Wal­Mart is facing nowadays.D．Analyse the similarity between Bill Gates and Scott.(三)Imagine living in a city made of glass. No, this isn't a fairy tale. If you could grab your diving gear and swim down 650 feet into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Washington State, you would witness the secret world of glass reefs.The reef you'd be looking at is made up of glass sponges(海绵). But how can animals be made of glass? Well, glass is formed from a substance called silica. The sponges use the silica found in ocean waters to build glass structures that will give them shape and support. Be careful! Some of the fragile creatures are up to 200 years old.When sponges die, new ones grow on top of the pile of old ones. Over centuries, a massive and complex reef takes shape. Some sponges look like wrinkled trumpets, while others look like overgrown cauliflowers or mushrooms.Dr Paul Johnson, who discovered the Washington reef in 2007, also found other surprises such as bubbles of methane(甲烷) gas flowing out of the seafloor nearby. The methane feeds bacteria, and the bacteria feed the glass sponges.“It's a new ecosystem we know nothing about，” said Dr Johnson.The reef of yellow and orange glass sponges is crowded with crabs, shrimps, starfish, worms, snails, and rockfish. The glass reef is also a nursery for the babies of many of these creatures and was called a “kindergarten” by scientists.Many animals that live in the reef hang around for a long time, just like the sponges. Rockfish, for example, live for more than 100 years. Scientists are just beginning to study all the species that call the reef home.The Washington coast isn't the only place where a living glass reef has been found. The first was discovered in Hecate Strait off the coast of British Columbia in 1991. Scientists all over the world were stunned to see it.9．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A．Man­made cities under the seaB．The world under the seaC．Glass “cities” under the seaD．Creatures under the sea10．It can be learned that the glass reef ________.A．is made up of a kind of materials called spongesB．is a work of art made by some American scientistsC．is a new ecosystem people are not familiar withD．was first discovered off the coast of Washington State11．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．The sponges must feel soft.B．Silica comes from animals' body fluid.C．Methane is harmful to glass sponges.D．Glass sponges depend on the bacteria for a living.12．Why did scientists call the glass reef a “kindergarten”？A．Because the babies of many sea creatures grow well there.B．Because thousands of children visit it every year.C．Because it is crowded with snails and rockfish, etc.D．Because all the species call the reef home.13．What does the underlined word“stunned”in the last paragraph mean?A．Greatly surprised.B．Extremely scared.C．Highly satisfied.D．Very pleased.专题限时训练(三十四)【史地自然型阅读理解(二)】(一)【文章大意】 Santa Fe 歌剧院虽然小，而且又是敞篷式的，但在美国却很著名，因为许多优秀的年轻歌手都想在这里一展歌喉从而一举成名。

陕西省2013年高考英语二轮复习 专题升级训练卷十七 史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配(二)

陕西省2013年高考英语二轮复习 专题升级训练卷十七 史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配(二)

2013年高考第二轮复习英语陕西版专题升级训练十七史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配（二）第一节阅读理解AAs the forceful king of Macedonia（马其顿），Alexander the Great overthrew the Persian Empire，becoming a hero that would survive centuries after his death.Born in 356 B.C.，Alexander Ⅲ was the son of Philip Ⅱ and Olympias.Alexander's parents wanted him to receive the finest education，and arranged for him to study under Aristotle，regarded as one of the greatest scholars.Alexander's father was a strong leader.Philip Ⅱ built an impressive army and established the Macedonian kingdom；he was even planning to attack Persia shortly before his death.In 336 B.C.，Philip Ⅱ was murdered by one of his guards.Although it was obvious that the guard had a personal hatred，there were clues that other people were related to it.After Alexander was cleared as a suspect，he succeeded his father without opposition，and killed those said to be responsible for his father's murder，as well as all rivals.He was then just 20 years old.He then prepared to attack Persia.In the spring of 334 B.C.，Alexander led the army made up of nearly 50,000 soldiers into Asia，which was called “the most powerful military expedition（远征）ever to leave Greece”．He soundly defeated the Persian army at the Granicus River，sending a strong message to Darius Ⅲ，leader of the Persian Empire.In 333 B.C.，Alexander faced Darius again at Issus，a mountain pass.The Macedonian army was greatly outnumbered but able to work the narrow mountain passageway to their advantage.Darius managed to escape.Continuing down the Mediterranean Coast，Alexander took every city in his path.In 332 B.C.，Alexander declared Egypt to be part of the Greek Empire and was crowned Pharaoh（法老）．When Alexander left Egypt in 331 B.C.，he defeated the Persians again and was crowned leader of Asia.In 323 B.C.，however，Alexander developed a fever on the way back home and died 10 days later at Babylon.He was just 33 years old.1．What can we know about Philip Ⅱ's death?A．He was killed by someone intending to take power from him.B．Alexander sent someone who hated Philip Ⅱ to kill him.C．His death was related to his plan of fighting Persia.D．The murder might be organized by a group of people.2．The Macedonian army could defeat the Persians at Issus mainly because ______.A．Darius didn't command his army in the battlefieldB．the Macedonian soldiers were more than the Persian soldiers in numberC．the Macedonian soldiers could fight better at the mountain passD．Macedonia was more powerful than the Persian Empire3．In which order did Alexander do the following things?a．Totally overthrew the Persian Empire.b．Defeated the Persian army at Issus.c．Was crowned Pharaoh of Egypt.d．Defeated the Persian army at the Granicus River.e．Became the leader of Macedonia.A．e，d，b，c，a B．d，e，a，c，bC．e，b，d，c，a D．d，a，c，e，b4．According to the passage，we can infer ______.A．Aristotle taught Alexander how to defeat other nationsB．Alexander was happy about his father's deathC．Persia is tougher to defeat than EgyptD．Macedonia soon declined after Alexander diedBThe brown widow spider became established in Southern California in early 2000 and has become part of the local spider family in urban Los Angeles and San Diego.The brown widow spider is continuing its expansion in Southern California and could possibly move northward into Central California.The brown widow is suspected to have evolved in Africa although it was first described from South America，which adds confusion as to where it might have originated.It is a tropical and subtropical spider having established populations in Hawaii，Florida，parts of Australia，South Africa and Japan.In North America，the brown widow spider was restricted for many decades to the Florida Peninsula.However，around the year 2000，it started showing up in other Gulf Coast states.Brown widows are now known from Texas to Georgia and South Carolina.The brown widow builds its web in protected sites around homes and in woody vegetation with branches.Some typical sites selected by brown widows for web building are empty containers such as buckets and nursery pots，mail boxes，entry way corners，under eaves，storage closets and garages，undercarriages of motor vehicles that are stationary for long periods，and the undersides of outdoor furniture.They choose places that are more exposed than sites chosen by black widows and therefore，appear to be at higher risk for interactions with humans as far as bites are concerned.One recent study demonstrates that the brown widow spider is less poisonous than other widow species.The reason for the weaker effect of brown widow bites on humans is possibly because the brown widow does not have much poison as its larger relatives，but it is really a threat to humans as to its poison.The two major symptoms of a brown widow bite are that the bite hurts when it is given and it leaves a red mark.These two symptoms are not much different from the bite of normal household spiders.There is no specific information regarding the control of brown widows by farm chemicals.Most current advice is what is used for controlling spiders in general.Therefore，most commercially available farm chemicals should work on brown widows.Avoiding a mess of the house and the garage should reduce nest sites for them.Also，one should store garage items in plastic bags where there might be interactions with spiders.These items include rarely worn garments such as gardening clothes and gloves，recreational items like sports equipment（i.e.，baseball gloves）and other items where spiders can crawl up into holes where fingers can be inserted.5．The author wrote this article to ______.A．announce the result of a research on spidersB．introduce the ways to get rid of the spidersC．report a new finding of the widow speciesD．warn readers against the brown widow6．From the passage we can conclude that ______.A．brown widows are possibly spreading northwardB．brown widows originated from AfricaC．brown widows now can be found in all countriesD．there used to be no brown widows in North America7．The third paragraph is mainly about ______.A．the brown widow's web buildingB．the characteristics of the brown widowC．the habitat preferences of the brown widowD．the brown widow's threat to human beings8．It can be inferred that ______.A．brown widows can be killed with any farm chemicalsB．at present people can only control brown widow spidersC．the brown widow has more poison than the black widowD．victims bitten by the brown widow needn't see the doctorCYou've heard of the dangers of second­hand smoke.Now here's another worry：second­hand TV.A growing number of researchers are warning about the dangers of watching TV when very young children are nearby.Recent findings suggest that even casual exposure to TV can harm their development and ruin parent­child interactions （沟通）．The most recent warning came last week when the American Academy of Pediatrics （儿科）for the first time included warnings about “second­hand television” in its guidelines for kids under age 2.In addition to the time for young kids to watch TV，it warned against watching TV with them nearby，saying the practice hurt their language development.It pointed to several studies，including one that found background TV reduced the length of time children played and caused their focus on play to wander.Recent surveys find that about one of three families leave the TV on most of the time.The warning said TV keeps young kids and their parents from interacting—a key way children develop the working vocabulary they'll need in school.“If you're trying to connect with your kids，you've got to turn the screens off，”says Ari Brown，a pediatrician and lead author on the recommendations.She worries that when the focus is on TV，there's less talk time.Brown discourages families from keeping the TV on when no one is watching and suggests they wait until very young kids are in bed before they watch their f avorite show.“Parents are distracted（分散注意力）by TV the same way preschoolers are，”says Lisa Guernsey，author of the 2007 book Into the Minds of Babies：How Screen Time Affects Children From Birth to Age Five.She says young children learn much more from face­to­face interaction than a screen.“They see someone who's able to do that as a true learning partner，”she says.“They don't have any way of knowing whether that character or face on screen really understands them.”9．Which of the following is the bad effect o f second­hand TV watching?A．It caused children not to play attentively.B．It hurt children's feelings to their parents.C．It made children suffer from the violence on TV.D．It taught children some improper language.10．What can be inferred from the third paragraph?A．Parents should limit the TV time for children.B．Parents should spend time playing with children.C．Parents should buy another TV for their children.D．Parents should strengthen their children's language development.11．What is suggested in the fourth paragraph?A．When everybody in the family focuses on TV，there is more talk time.B．Interacting plays an important part in developing kids' vocabulary.C．The characters on TV screen can really understand young children.D．Adults learn much more fro m face­to­face interaction than a screen.DBy creating a distinctive username and reusing it on multiple websites，you may be giving online marketers and scammers a simple way to track you.Four researchers from the French National Institute for Research in Computer Science（INRIA）studied over 10 million usernames—collected from public Google profiles，eBay accounts and several other sources.They found that about half of the usernames used on one site could be linked to another online profile，potentially allowing marketers and scammers to build a more complex picture of the users.“These results show that some users can be profiled just from their usernames，”says Claude Castelluccia，research director of the security and privacy research group at INRIA，and one o f the authors of a paper on the work.“More specifically，a profiler could use usernames to identify all the profiles that belong to the same user and then use all the information contained in these sites to profile the victim.”Those who have more unique usernames are more likely to be attacked.The INRIA researchers have created a tool that can check how unique a username is，and thus how easily an attacker could use it to build a profile of a person.Researches are exploring ways that the traces of data that people leave on different websites could be combined and used to track them.A 2010 paper showed that the online groups to which people belonged could be used to infer their real identity in 42 percent of cases.Building profiles of consumers using online information has already become a major industry for marketers as well as online criminals.12．What would be the best title for the passage?A．Look out for online criminalsB．Your username may betray youC．Don't leave your traces onlineD．A unique username is more attractive13．Online marketers may use your username to ______.A．get a picture of yoursB．steal from your online accountC．get useful information about youD．find out your interest or hobbies14．The main purpose of the passage is probably to ______.A．warn us of the possible dangers of a unique usernameB．tell us how to manage our online informationC．advise us on how to choose a proper usernameD．tell us the importance of a username15．We can infer from the passage that ______.A．it's hard to build a profile of a person from an online usernameB．it's better to use a more complex username onlineC．an online username has little to do with the real personD．we'd better not use the same username on different sites第二节信息匹配16In the event that you are currently in a teen relationship，harmonious teen relationships can prevent you from experiencing problems within our relationship，and it may also help you to move past any problems that you may already have.Check out the complete article to learn what teen relationships may do for you.17．During the time that you are in your teens，it can be a tremendously exciting and passionate time for individuals，and at anytime that you are in a relationship during your teens，it is very important that you show the maximum level of respect，both for your partner and yourself.The interactions and actions within relationships at this particular age may leave lasting impressions on all of your relationship for many years to come，so why don't you make all of them good impressions?18．Within these early relationships，when mistrust is present，it may easily lead to really severe issues with trust in relationships once you get a little older.It is very important for you to prove to your significant ones（重要的人）that you are trustworthy of them.19．Whether you like it or not，there are some teenagers that simply don't take their relationships seriously.In the end，this may lead to several problems，of which cheating is the most common problem.When you have someone cheat on you，it is among the most painful things that may happen within your life，and it is particularly hard to get over it if it happens at a young age.In order to prevent this，when you are with someone，you should take a moment to talk about each other's expectations.20．Each of the relationships that you go through during your teens may be among the most intense that you will ever encounter within your wholelife.It may also feel like when something happens it is going to feel like the world is coming to an end，but it really isn't going to be.Chances are that you are going to move on from the situations that happen and meet many new individuals and have some new relationships，and they are going to be just as exciting and new as the relationship that you have been experiencing currently.参考答案第一节阅读理解A1. 答案：D解析：推理判断题。

2013高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练(答案)--地理(2)

2013高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练(答案)--地理(2)

2013高考英语二轮阅读理解讲与练（答案）--地理（2）AThe Earth’s axis(轴) is an imaginary line that runs through the middle of the Earth from the North Pole to the South Pole. The axis of the earth is tilted (倾斜) about 23.5 degrees. This tilt of the earth results in our seasons.In June, the Northern Hemisphere (半球) is tilted toward the sun, so the people in the Northern Hemisphere have longer and warmer days. The days are shorter and colder in the Southern Hemisphere in June, because the Earth is tilted away from the sun. The days start getting shorter in the Northern Hemisphere and longer in the Southern Hemisphere after about June 21. This is the first day of summer in the Northern Hemisphere and the first day of winter in the southern hemisphere. Daytime lasts exactly as long as nighttime on the first day of autumn (about September 21) and the first day of spring (about March 21). The first day of winter in the Northern Hemisphere, usually December 21, is the shortest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere and the longest day of the year in the Southern Hemisphere.The days are longer in summer and shorter in winter the further you move from the equator. It’s generally dark on a summer night in Florida by 8:30 p.m., but in Vermont, there will still be some light at 10:00 p.m. ④The situation is reversed in winter, where the sun will go down in3. According to the passage, we can infer that .A. in the Northern Hemisphere, the more northern, the longer daytime in summerB. in the Southern Hemisphere, the more northern, the shorter daytime in winterC. Florida is further to the equator than VermontD. In China, Changchun’s daytime in winter is longer than that of Guangzhou4. Northern Alaska gets the name “Land of the Midnight Sun” because ________.A. it is always daytime during the summer monthsB. it is located in the center of the EarthC. it is located on the equator of the EarthD. only at midnight can people there see the sun5. If we want to make science research in Antarctica, we may choose the following months EXCEPT _______.A. DecemberB. JanuaryC. FebruaryD. JuneBIn early times Europeans did not know Australia was there. But they thought there must be land in the south of the world. So, about 500 years ago, on their maps of the world, they put it in a big southern continent. In those days they wrote in Latin instead of their own languages. The name they gave to this unknown continent was in Latin. It was Term Austmha. In English this is Unknown SouthernLand. So when the British found this land, they called it Australia.But the British were not the first Europeans to find Australia. Portuguese, Spanish and Dutch sailors all saw it earlier. That was at the beginning of the 17th century . The Dutchman Willem JansToon was actually the very first European to find the coast of north Australia. The Dutch had already named the islands Indonesia. They wanted the spices that grow there. In 1606, Janszoon sailed south to look for more spice islands. He did not find any, but he found Australia. There were no spices there, so he was not interested in it.Spanish and Portuguese sailors followed him. They sailed along the north and west coasts. They also did not think much of this new land. The Dutch called it New Holland, after their own country. The British and French followed the Dutch. The first British sailors to come to Australia also did not think much of it. That was in 1688.So at first none of the Europeans were interested in this new discovery. But 70 years later the British Government became interested in it. They were afraid the French would take the new land. So they sent Captain James Cook in his small ship to get there first.I. Europeans discovered Australia __A. 500 years agoB. in 1606C. in 1688D. about 200 years ago2. The new land was named Australia by __A. the PortugueseB. the BritishC. the SpanishD. the Dutch3. Britain took Australia because ________.A. it was a large continentB. no other countries wanted to take itC. the Dutch had taken the islands IndonesiaD. it did not want to let France get it4. Put the following events in order according to the passage.a. Captain James Cook was sent to Australia.b. The Dutchman Willem Janszoon found Austrlia.c. the first British sailors did not think much of Australia.d. Spanish and Portuguese sailors found Australia.e. The British Government became interested in it.A. a-c-d-b-eB. b-d-c-e-aC. e-d-a-c-bD. d-e-b-a-c5.What is the best title for this passage?A. How did Australia get its name?B. The discovery of Australia.C. Why did Britain take Australia?'D. The unknown Southern Land.C3. From the passage we can learn that _______.A. no one had ever known the desert before the minersB. it’s still not easy to travel across the desertC. people can find gas-stations, cafes and hotels in the desertD. people have changed the natural sight of the desert4. Devil Golf Course is famous for _______.A. the frequent windB. the colors of the sandC. dream-like sightsD. the sand sculptures5. From the passage we can see that the writer _______ the Death Valley.A. appreciatesB. is fearful ofC. dislikesD. is tired ofnorthern Alaska never sees the sun while it continues to light the sky at night in Antarctica.可知在6月，南极出现夜长，昼短甚至极夜的状况。

高考英语二轮复习备考：阅读理解专项训练(含答案)

高考英语二轮复习备考：阅读理解专项训练(含答案)

阅读理解专项训练阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AArtist Zsudayka zing Terrell talked about her family s history，“My people were brought here on the bottom of a ship. They were sold and re-named. My dad s side of the family took the last name of his job，butlers. My mom s side of the family took the last name of the plantation （大農场）.” Today，she and her husband，artist James Terrell，explore that identity in their work. Their new exhibit of paintings recently in Manassas，Virginia is called “Born at the B ottom of the Ship”.Over the generations，Africans became African Americans with a new culture，and Nina Terrell includes different parts of that story in her art. There are things that look like African cloth and design and things that make you think of A merican culture. An example is “Hope and Grace”， a painting of two women wearing colorful clothes with traditional African patterns. Pointing to their hair，she says，“They have these big afros （非洲发型）so it could be 1960，it could be 2018.”James Terrell s style is more abstract. Maim Water，the first painting visitors see in the exhibit，shows a woman rising from the ocean. Terrell explains，“Maim Water i s a goddess of the sea... There’s no light going through; there’s not a lot of color being seen，as opposed to the other ones. So，it’s just showing the time of the slaves being brought to America.”But he also likes to play with color. Growing up，Terrell attended a church with colored glass windows，and he learned how light goes through the windows. He makes lines in his painting that look like the lines between pieces of colored glass in the church windows. His works show how he seeshimself as an African American. He wants the people in his painting to look happy，hopeful and strong.Visitors to the art exhibit say they see themselves and their family members in the works. They like the different kinds of people in the paintings because they know many Americans come from other countries and cultures.1. What does their ancestors being re-named imply？A. When in Rome，do as Romans do.B. They belonged to a certain slaveholder.C. The black slaves didn’t have any freedom.D. Slave owners treated them like a family.2. What does zing tend to indicate with the last sentence in Para. 2？A. Africans stick to old ways.B. She has been over 50 years old.C. Much has changed over the decades.D. They’ll never forget their own culture.3. How does James reflect the tragic content in his paintings？A. With dim background.B. With sea water and gods.C. With glass windows reflection.D. Through character s expression.4. What do you learn from the last paragraphs？A. His life was full of suffering.B. Most of the visitors were black.C. James once went to a church school.D. James s experience led to his career.BModern life often presents us with a problem. Our ethics （倫理学）and thoughts conflict with the needs of daily life. Many products we buy may cause harm to animals，the environment，or people. However，the latest diet trend—pagan—tries to solve it and combine nutrition with ethics. “This way of eating makes the most sense for our health and the health of ourplanet. It is sustainable （可持续的）and kinder to animals，” Dr Mark Hyman，the creator of the trend，told The Telegraph.Pagan combines “pale” and “vegan”，two popular diets that are opposites. Vegans （纯素食主义），like vegetarians，don t eat meat. However，they don t eat eggs，dairy，or other animal products either. Veganism is an ethical choice for people who care about the environme nt and the cruelty of modern animal farming. Pales，on the other hand，eat lots of meat and fruit，while avoiding grains and dairy. For pales，it’s about proper nutrition. They want to bring back the diet of prehistoric humans to modern society，saying that we did not evolve to eat bread and cheeses. They will order a hamburger without the bun.Both diets lack dairy products like cheese and yogurt. The rest is a compromise. About 75 percent of a pegan diet should be fruits and vegetables. It is not a bad th ing because “they are rich in fiber for a healthy body and are low in calories which can help keep a healthy weight”，Dietician Chloe Hall told the Huff Post.What about meat？In the pagan diet，meat becomes a side dish. According to the US Geological Survey，the meat for a hamburger needs more than 1，700 liters of water. So we should all eat less meat.People may have different opinions about how to eat healthily. But，as a way of life，it’s important to “establish routines that are simple... and livable”，a US doctor Arthur Agitation posted on social media platform Twitter.1. What do you know about the diet vegan？A. A diet based on meat.B. A diet based on milk and eggs.C. A 50/50 diet of meat and vegetables.D. A diet based on fruits and vegetables.2. What do people do in a “compromise”？A. They cut down on meat.B. They give up eating meat.C. Both sides give in to a degree.D. Both sides only eat vegetables.3. Why does the author say “we should all eat less meat” in Para. 4？A. To save resources.B. To have a good health.C. To protect animals.D. To protect environment.4. Which should be the best title for the text？A. Pale or vegan？B. Eating for our ethics.C. What diet is healthier？D. Evolution of eating patterns.cEach year on February 2nd，there is a special festival called Groundhog Day （土拨鼠日）forecasting event in Punxsutawney，Pennsylvania. When it comes，people from around the world，including 5，000 in the small town today，watch this tongue-twisting （发音饶舌的）small town for a sign from one groundhog that supposedly predicts when that years' spring will arrive.If it's a cloudy day outside when the groundhog pops from its cave，then spring will arrive early that year. However，if it is sunny outside，the groundhog will supposedly be scared by its own shadow，hiding underground for six more weeks of cold weather.Of course，Punxsutawney Phil's prediction is no more able to guarantee the extended forecast than your local weatherman. ABC News reports that an analysis by the National Climate Data Center found that Phil's predictions are more often wrong than right.Philips is also found to have made some unpleasant predictions. Ever since 1887，he has predicted 99 extended winters and just 16 early springs. Nine of the years' predictions were unavailable，according to ABC.The holiday began as a German tradition in 18th century and became even more of a cultural phenomenon after the 1993 film Groundhog Day starring Bill Murray. Punxsutawney Phil has become a celebrity in his own right. Each year，the fatter animal with long teeth is watched by millions as he emerges from a cave in the town he is named after. Phil has become so beloved by the town that he actually lives in the local library with his “wife” Phyllis.Taking inspiration from the hard state of Bill Murray's character in the classic film，Yahoo contributor Owen Rust says Groundhog Day is a good time to reflect on one's routines.1. The underlined word “pops” means “___”.A. escapesB. appearsC. increasesD. hides2. The reason why Phil's predictions aren't pleasing is that ___.A. some of the predictions were unavailableB. Phil wants to do that for funC. Phil likes to make unpleasant predictionsD. he has predicted more late springs3. How does Punxsutawney Phil become a celebration？A. By an accident.B. From people's life improving.C. By his own attractive force.D. From much money raised by the town.4. Which does this passage mainly talk about？A. The National Climate Data Center.B. A German tradition.C. A tongue-twisting small town.D. Groundhog Day weather forecasting.DMosquitoes have an extraordinary ability to target humans far away and fly straight to their unprotected skin. Regrettably，mosquitoes can do more than cause an itchy （发痒的）wound. Some mosquitoes spread several serious diseases. New research now shows how mosquitoes choose who to bite.Mosquitoes need blood to survive. They are attracted to human skin and breath. They smell the carbon dioxide gas，which all mammals breathe out. This gas is the main way for mosquitoes to know that a warm-blooded creature is nearby.But mosquitoes also use their eyes and sense of touch. Michael Dickinson is a professor at the California Institute of Technology. His research shows how these small insects，with even smaller brains，use three senses to find a blood meal.Michael Dickinson's team used plumes—a material that rises into the air of carbon dioxide gas into a wind tunnel. They then used cameras to record the mosquitoes. The insects followed the plume.Then，the scientists placed dark objects on the lighter colored floor and walls of the tunnel. Mr. Dickinson said，at first，the mosquitoes showed no interest in the objects at all. “What was quite striking and quite surprising is that the mosquitoes fly back and forth for hours. These are hungry females and they completely ignore the objects on the floor and wall of the tunnel. But the moment they get a hit of CO2，they change their behavior quite obviously and now would become attracted to these little visual blobs （斑点）.”This suggested to the researchers that a mosquito's sense of smell is more important in the search for food. Once mosquitoes catch a smell of a human or animal，they also follow visual signals.5. What do mosquitoes mainly use to find their targets？A. Sense of smell.B. Sense of touch.C. Sense of sight.D. Smart brains.6. The first response of the mosquitoes to the objects in the experiment is ___.A. to fly to the dark onesB. to catch and stick to themC. to take no notice of themD. to attach themselves to them7. How can we avoid being attacked by mosquitoes according to the text？A. Don't let them see us.B. Use dark objects to stop them.C. Make them fly back and forth for hours.D. Attract them to objects full of carbon dioxide gas.8. What can be the best title for the text？A. How Do Mosquitoes Survive？B. Why Do Mosquitoes Need Blood？C. How Do Mosquitoes Choose to Bite You？D. Why Do Mosquitoes Attack the Human Being？答案A 1—4 CDABB 1—4 DCABC）1—4 BDCDD）5—8 ACDC。

陕西省2013年高考英语二轮复习 专题升级训练卷十六 史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配(一)

陕西省2013年高考英语二轮复习 专题升级训练卷十六 史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配(一)

2013年高考第二轮复习英语陕西版专题升级训练十六史地、自然、科普、新闻类阅读理解、信息匹配（一）第一节阅读理解AThe Alps are the youngest and highest mountain system in Europe.They stretch across the western and southern part of the continent in a broad arc.The mountain range starts near the Mediterranean Sea on the border between France and Italy.Then it curves north and eastward through northern Italy，Switzerland，Liechtenstein，southern Germany，Austria and Slovenia.The Alps are about 1,000 km long，and the broadest section is over 260 km wide.The highest peak，Mont Blanc，situated on the border between France，Italy and Switzerland，rises 4,807 meters above sea level.Other famous peaks are the Monte Rosa，the Matterhorn，the GroBglockner and the Zugspitze.Millions of years ago the area of today's Alps was covered by a large sea that separated Europe and Africa.The southern land mass started moving northwards.This movement folded rock layers at the bottom of the sea.Heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the_material upwards.Today these regions are the highest parts of the Alps.Most of the newly formed rock is granite and gneiss，but many ranges consist of limestone which also formed on the seabed.During the Ice Age，which started about a million years ago，the Alps were covered with a thick blanket of snow.Glaciers moved down valleys and made them wider and deeper.As they moved they took rock and other material with them，creating moraines （冰碛）．When glaciers started to melt water filled up behind these natural dams and created the alpine lakes we know today.The largest of these glaciers is the Aletsch in Switzerland which reaches a l ength of about 25 km.The longest glacier of the eastern Alps is the 8 km long Pasterze，at the foot of the GroBglockner.The ice and snow of the alpine regions helped create the large rivers of today：the Rhine，Rhone，Danube and the Po.1．From the first two paragraphs we know the Alps ______.A．are about 260 km wideB．stretch across the western part of AfricaC．are the youngest mountain system in the worldD．have the highest peak 4,807 meters above sea level2．What does the underlined phrase “this material” i n Para.3 refer to?A．Sea water and rock.B．Rock that was transformed.C．Rock layers that were folded.D．Limestone which was on the seabed.3．It can be inferred from the passage that the Alps were formed ______.A．before the Ice Age B．during the Ice AgeC．because of seas' movement D．because of glaciers' movement4．From the passage we know Danube is ______.A．a kind of rock B．one of the Alps' famous peaksC．the name of a river D．one of the largest glaciersBNanoparticles（纳米粒子）are everywhere，from cosmetics and clothes，to soda and snacks.But as common as they are，they also have a downside，say researchers at Binghamton University and Cornell University in a recent paper published in thejournal Nature Nanotechnology.These tiny particles，even in low doses，could have a big impact on our long­term health.According to the lead author of the article，Gretchen Mahler，assistant professor of bioengineering at Binghamton University，much of the existing research on the safety of nanoparticles has been directly related to health effects.But what Mahler and a team of researchers really wanted to know was what happens when someone gets constant exposure in small doses—the kind you'd get if you took a drug or supplement that included nanoparticles in some form.“We thought that the best way to measure the more subtle（精细的）effects of this kind of intake was to monitor the reaction of intestinal（肠道的）cells，”said Mahler.“And we did this in two ways：through human intestinal­lining cells that we had cultured in the lab，and through the intestinal linings of live chickens.Both sets of results pointed to the same thing—that exposure to nanoparticles influences the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.”The uptake of iron was of particular interest due to the way it is absorbed and processed through the intestines.“What w e found was that for brief exposures，iron absorption dropped by about 50 percent，”said Mahler.“But when we extended that period of time，absorption actually increased by about 200 percent.It was very clear—nanoparticles definitely affect iron uptake and transport.”While brief oral exposure disrupted intestinal iron transport，long­time exposure caused intestinal cells to be larger and broader，thus allowing iron to enter the bloodstream much faster.“The intestinal cells are a gateway that ingested nanoparticles must go through to get to the body，”said Mahler.“We monitored iron absorption and found that the polystyrene nanoparticles affected the absorption process and caused a physiological response.”5．What is the best title for the passage?A．Nanoparticles are common in our life.B．Nanoparticles have an effect on our health.C．We should know more about nanoparticles.D．The intake of nanoparticles should be banned.6．Gretchen Mahler's research is to ______.A．measure the direct health effects of iron uptakeB．find out the effect of long­time expo sure to nanoparticlesC．explore how to reduce the effects of nanoparticlesD．study how nanoparticles affect chickens7．The underlined word “disrupted” in the last paragraph probably means “______”．A．disordered B．benefitedC．discovered D．followed8．In which part of a magazine can this passage most likely be found?A．Science. B．History.C．Entertainment. D．Economy.CClimate change is threatening to redraw the world's wine­producing map，and the effects are already being seen in earlier harvests and coarser（更为粗糙、劣质的）wines.“The consequences of global warming are already being felt.Harvests are already coming 10 days earlier than before in almost all grape­growing regions，”said Bernard Seguin，the head of climate studies at France's INRA agricultural research institute.He was speaking at the opening of the Second International Congress on Wine and Climate Change.“Wine and wine­producing will change in a way that will dependon how we face global warming，”said Seguin.“If the tempera ture rises two or three degrees centigrade，we could manage to see Bordeaux remain as Bordeaux，Rioja as Rioja，Burgundy as Burgundy.But if it goes up five or six degrees，we must face up to huge problems，and the changes will be hard，”he said.Grapes are damaged if they ripen too quickly，due to higher temperatures and a lack of rain.“When a grape matures more quickly，you get higher concentrations of sugar，lower acidity（酸性）and a higher PH level，”said Fernando Zamora of the oenology faculty（葡萄酒酿造学系）at the University of Tarragona in Spain.The result is coarser wines，with a higher alcohol level and lower acidity which can destroy the delicate flavor of good quality wines，he said.It would also lead to higher prices in countries which tax wine according to its alcoho l level.“The types of wines will change in almost all regions，”said Vicente Sotes，a professor at the Polytechnic University.And some regions which still produce good wine would no longer benefit from the ideal climatic conditions that are responsible for their fame.“The French will have problems，especially in the Bordeaux region，”said Pancho Campos，the president of the Wine Academy of Spain，who organized the Barcelona conference.“German producers on the banks of the Rhine will be the least at risk，”he sai d.The French “Grand Crus” could be further threatened by the “New World” wines of Australia，California，Chile，Argentina，South Africa and New Zealand，which would have the best climatic conditions.“The countries in the southern hemisphere（半球）are next to a greater mass of water，and it is sea currents that maintain the temperature at its level，”said Campos.9．What's the main idea of the passage?A．How we should fight against the climate change.B．Earlier harvests are the causes of coarser wines.C．Wine production is threatened by the climate change.D．Global warming is very serious in many countries.10．A brand of wine with poor quality bears the feature of ______.A．a lower alcohol level B．a lower PH levelC．a lower acidity level D．a lower sugar level11．The last paragraph indicates that ______.A．wines produced in the countries in the southern hemisphere have low prices B．French wine producers face more threats from the rise of temperatureC．the southern countries have much higher temperature compared with the north D．the countries in the southern hemisphere would have ideal climate for wine producingDScientists think it will be possible to record people's dreams and then interpret them.They claim to have developed a system which allows them to record higher level brain activity.Dr Moran Cerf told the journal Nature：“We would like to read people's dreams.”Previously the only way to access people's dreams is for psychologists to ask about them after the event and try to interpret them.Dr Cerf hopes to eventually compare people's memories of their dreams with an electronic picture of their brain activity.He told the BBC：“There's no clear answer as to why humans dream.And one of the questions we would like to answer is when do we actually create this dream.”The scientist believes his latest research shows that certain neurons（神经元）or individual brain cells are linked with specific objects or concepts.He found that a particular neuron lit up when a volunteer thought about Marilyn Monroe.If a databasewas built up identifying various neurons with concepts，objects and people，it would allow them to “read the subject's minds”，according to Dr Cerf.However，Dr Roderick Oner，a clinical psychologist and dream expert，said that this kind of picture would be of lim ited help when it came to interpreting the “complex dream story”．In order to get a detailed picture of individual neurons，scientists had to have electrodes（电极）implanted deep in the brain by using surgery.The Nature researchers used data from patients who had electrodes implanted to monitor and treat them for brain seizures.However，Dr Cerf said he hoped that it would be possible at a later stage to monitor people without invasive surgery.He said it would be “wonderful” to be able to read the minds of coma（昏迷的）patients who are unable to communicate.12．How did we record and interpret our dreams in the past?A．We couldn't do that because of our limited science knowledge.B．Only some scientists could do that with some special systems.C．Everyone could do that by asking about the dreamers after the event.D．Psychologists could do that by asking about the dreamers after the event.13．What can be inferred from the 3rd paragraph?A．Dr Cerf's latest research is really a success.B．Dr Cerf's latest research turns out to be a failure.C．Not all scientists are in favor of Dr Cerf's opinion.D．All scientists think Dr Cerf's research is ridiculous.14．Why did scientists have electrodes implanted deep in the brain?A．Because they wanted to gain a more clear image of individual neurons.B．Because they hoped to find a new way of curing the patients' brain seizures.C．Because they could get the data that would be used for treating brain seizures.D．Because they wanted to read the minds of coma patients unable to communicate.15．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A．A famous scientist，Dr CerfB．Scientists plan to record people's dreamsC．When do we actually create this dreamD．Roderick Oner，a clinical psychologist and dream expert第二节信息匹配16．Paris，the capital and largest city of the country，is in north central France.The Paris metropolitan area contains nearly 20% of the nation's population and is the economic，cultural，and political center of France.The French government have historically favored the city as the site for all decision­making，thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation's activities.17．Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the national capital in the late 10th century.With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution，a great number of people moved to the city from the country during the 19th century.The migration was especially stimulated by the construction of railroads，which provided easy accessto the capital.After World War Ⅱ，more and more immigrants arrived.18．The city is the centralized control point of most national radio and television broadcasting.It is a place of publication of the most important newspapers and magazines and an international book publishing center.With more than 100 museums，Paris has truly one of the greatest concentrations of art treasures in the world.The Louvre opened as a museum in 1793，is one of the largest museums in the world.19．In the late 1980s about 4.1 million pupils annually attended about 47,000 elementary schools.In addition，about 5.4 million students attended some 11,200 secondary schools.Approximately 1.2 million students were enrolled annually at universities and colleges in France in the late 1980s.French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world.20．Paris is the leading industrial center of France，with about one quarter of the nation's manufacturing concentrated in the metropolitan area.Industries of consumers' goods have always been drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population.and modern，high­technolog y industries also have become numerous since World War Ⅱ.Chief manufactures are machinery，automobiles，chemicals and electrical equipment.参考答案第一节阅读理解A1. 答案：D解析：细节理解题。

二轮复习高考英语 阅读理解试题(含答案)

二轮复习高考英语 阅读理解试题(含答案)

二轮复习高考英语阅读理解试题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解With all the recent concern about the environment, people want to see their money used to better the planet. Here are four well-known environmental organizations.World Wildlife Fund (WWF)The World Wildlife Fund is perhaps one of the best-known organizations for the protection of endangered species and their habitats around the world. They've been around for over 45 years. You can donate through their website , join their organization as a member, or adopt an animal through their online adoption center.National Geographic Society (NGS)National Geographic Society is well-known for their magazine and their specials on TV. The organization itself is one of the longest-running in the world—they've been around since 1888, focus on exploration and conservation of forests, oceans, habitats, species and societies. You chopse to donate through the website ，buy something at their online store, or order a magazine subscription.National Wildlife Federation (NWF)Founded officially in 1937, the National Wildlife Federation tries to protect wildlife at all costs. In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in. Donations to the NWF can be made through their website nwf. org or through other options, like matching gifts, workplace giving, or memorial donations.Ecology Fund, comSet up in 1976，Ecology Fund, com is run on user clicks. Advertisers buy ad space on the site every time someone clicks. The money goes to buy endangered wilderness land to protect it from companies that would destroy it. So far, Ecology Fund, com has bought land in many areas. The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.（1）Which environmental organization has the longest history?A. Ecology .B. World Wildlife Fund.C. National Geographic Society.D. National Wildlife Federation.（2）What does NWF think is the most important in environmental protection?A. Knowledge.B. Management.C. Money.D. Patience.（3）In what way does differ from the other three organizations?A. The size of networks.B. The way of operation.C. The strength of influence.D. The degree of popularity.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个著名的环保组织。

高考英语二轮复习 专题限时训练(二十六)史地自然型阅读理解配套作业(解析版,湖南省专用)

高考英语二轮复习 专题限时训练(二十六)史地自然型阅读理解配套作业(解析版,湖南省专用)

专题限时训练(二十六) [史地自然型阅读理解](限时：25分钟)(一)In America, Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resort: brilliant beaches, a lively boardwalk, plenty of restaurants and nightspots, and amusement rides sure to appeal to kids. Many believe Virginia Beach is at its best in the off­season, when the town is less crowded but the weather is still mild.Meanwhile, some safety tips should be followed, enjoying the happiness and excitement the beach offers.The number 1 safety tip concerns ocean safety: pay attention to flag conditions posted on the lifeguard stands. Lifeguards post a red flag to warn when the ocean water is dangerous. Take them seriously! Tourists from land­locked regions are particularly easily attracted by the magic of the waves. However, a calm ocean can become risky without warning. Make sure you swim near a lifeguard. Swimming without lifeguard protection is almost five times as great as drowning at a beach with lifeguards.Never swim alone. Many drownings involve single swimmers. When you swim with someone else, if one of you has a problem, the other may be able to get help, including signaling for assistance from others.Don't fight the current. The facts show that some 80% of rescues by lifeguards at ocean beaches are caused by currents. These currents are formed by surf and gravity, because once surf pushes water up the slope of a beach, gravity pulls it back. This can create concentrated rivers of water moving offshore. If you are caught in a rip current, don't fight it by trying to swim directly to shore. Instead, swim parallel to shore until you feel the current relax, then swim to shore. Most rip currents are narrow and a short swim parallel to shore will help bring you to safety.1. When coming to Virginia Beach, children cannot enjoy the happiness of________.A. walking on the road made of woodB．joining the nightspotsC．riding a horse or a pumper carD．skiing in the sea2. Many people believe the best time to visit Virginia Beach may be ________.A. after autumn school term beginningB．in the summer vacationC．during the Christmas holidayD．in the cold winter3. Swimming in the sea you'd better not swim ________.A. with a friendB．within the sight of the lifeguardC．with the currentD．as far as you like4. From the passage, we can know________.A. one in five persons swimming in the sea is drownedB．if one with a lifeguard were drowning, five persons without lifeguards wouldbeC．some 80% people drowning by the currents are rescued by lifeguardsD．some 20% drowning by the currents are rescued by lifeguards5. The passage mainly tells us ________.A. Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resortB．the happiness and excitement the beach offersC．some safety tips when swimming in the seaD．the dangers for tourists from land­locked regions to swim in the sea(二)Spain is a country that lies in southwestern Europe.It's surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the south and the east, while to the north of Spain lie France, Andorra and the Bay of Biscay.The west and northwest of Spain are surrounded by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.The official name of the state is The Kingdom of Spain.Madrid is the capital city,which is also one of the famous places in Spain.Spain, which covers 506,000 square kilometers, is one of the largest countries in Europe.The weather in Spain differs from one area to another.Most of the rain that happensin Spain is in the mountainous areas.The plains hardly receive any rain fall.Soccer in Spain is an important part of life of the people in Spain.It's saidthat Spanish children learn to walk and play soccer simultaneously(同时)．Real Madridand FC Barcelona are two Spanish soccer teams, which are respected by soccer fansnot only in Spain, but all over the world.The popularity of the sport can be judgedfrom the fact that three major soccer teams, which are Real Madrid, Atletico de Madrid,and Rayo Vallecano, were born in Madrid.If you are a tourist, then you would want to know about the driving rules in Spain.If you're not from the EuropeanUnion, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, or Liechtenstein, then for you to drive you'll have to carry your valid(有效的) International Driver's License.Bad news if you haven't celebrated your 18th birthday.If you want to rent a car, then you must have completed 21 years of age.Ifyou're driving, make sure you carry all the documents on you at all times during yourstay in Spain.1．The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A．Spain's historyB．Spain's locationC．Spain's famous citiesD．Spain's neighboring countries2．Which example shows that soccer is popular in Spain?A．Madrid is home to soccer.B．Spanish people play soccer when they are walking.C．Spanish people enjoy watching soccer matches.D．There are three major soccer teams born in Madrid.3．Who is allowed to rent a car in Spain?A．Tom who is 17 years old.B．Jenny who is 19 years old.C．Mike who is 20 years old.D．Brown who is 22 years old.4．Which topic is NOT mentioned about Spain in the passage?A．Climate. B．Transportation.C．Sports. D．Driving rules.5．The purpose of the passage is to ________.A．explain how to appreciate SpainB．prove Spain is a beautiful countryC．make readers know more about SpainD．attract more people to pay a visit to Spain(三)Restoring the quake­hit ecosystems is a question of balancing the interests of the local people and the environment.Rural methane (沼气) projects can reduce the number of locals taking firewood from the mountainsides.The use of straw as food for animals will ensure that vegetation can grow.In Sihai township and Dazhuangke village, in Beijing, they now have a forestry coverage of 85% or more, compared to the 30% they had 15 years ago.Back then, land was used very inefficiently: one person would use 20 mu of forest just for firewood.With those pressures on the ecosystem, no amount of spending on reforestation will succeed.Then the government relocated the population and paid those who remained to tend the forest and provide coal.This reduced the pressures on the ecosystem and it was able to recover naturally.When an ecosystem has not been pushed past certain limits, it is able to recover on its own.Human involvement should only play a minor role, including after an earthquake.This is particularly the case for sandy grasslands, grasslands deserts, the mountains of the south and the northern sides of mountains in the north.In these areas soil remains and the water, light, heat and nutrients needed are available.Less human involvement is even more appropriate in areas with a small population, where it can avoid money being wasted on ineffective efforts, such as creating forests in dry areas.The creation of nature reserves should be a model to allow damaged ecosystems to recover.Funding can start at the national level; centrally­funded nature reserves can enforce environmental protection laws and help to promote the local economy.This will solve the problems of reserves being run to make money.When national reserves are funded, local governments will be able to adopt the same model and provide the funds for nature reserves from their own budgets.The first project should be established in nature reserves hit by the quake; these can then become models for other areas.1．The purpose of mentioning Sihai township and Dazhuangke village is mainly to ________.A．show the effects of human involvementB．tell us where we could find rural methane projectsC．display a modelD．impress those data in our memory2．To restore the qu ake­hit ecosystem, government should ________.A．forbid locals from taking firewood from the mountainsidesB．encourage local people to feed their animals just with strawC．spend large amounts of money relocating the populationD．protect the environment without harming locals' interests3．The forestry coverage in rural Beijing has increased greatly because ________. A．pressures on land were reducedB．a large amount of coal is providedC．no people live in that areaD．locals take good care of the forest4．According to the passage ________ play(s) a major role in ecosystem recovery. A．local peopleB．nature itselfC．human involvementD．government's effort5．According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true? A．Nature reserves could be helpful to recover the damaged ecosystems. B．Centrally­funded nature reserves are beneficial to local economy. C．Some nature reserves are created for the purpose of making money.D．The first projects on n ature reserves should be set up in quake­hit areas.专题限时训练(二十六)(一)【语篇解读】弗吉尼亚滩是一个值得游览的好地方，本文主要介绍游览弗吉尼亚海滩时需注意的安全事项。

高考英语二轮复习限时训练史地常识型阅读理解

高考英语二轮复习限时训练史地常识型阅读理解

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校专题限时训练(二十七) [史地常识型阅读理解(一)](限时：25分钟)(一)Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared (红外线)scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂)spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest (害虫)problems.Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color­coded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spot­spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long­term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，” says George Oerther of Te xas A & M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.( )1.Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are________A．sprayed with pesticidesB．facing an infrared scannerC．in poor physical conditionD．exposed to excessive sun rays( )2.In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to ________.A．estimate the damage to the cropsB．measure the size of the affected areaC．draw a color­coded mapD．locate the problem area( )3.Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticideby________.A．resorting to spot­sprayingB．consulting infrared scanning expertsC．transforming poisoned rainD．detecting crop problems at an early stage( )4.The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties—________.A．the lack of official supportB．its high costC．the lack of financial supportD．its failure to help increase production( )5.Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ________.A．the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce B．growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops C．the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureD．full support from agricultural experts(二)Today, one can trace Venice’s rich past from its buildings.Most cities can claim at least a handful of outstanding churches, palaces or houses of historical interest, but in Venice very nearly everything is remarkable, from the magnificent Piazza San Marco (St.Mark’s Square) and the palaces that line the Grand Canal to the centuries­old homes of simple fishermen.It would be easy to say that the city itself is an enormous museum if it were not for the fact it is so obviously alive.“What better place is there for the meeting of dear friends? See how it glows with the advancing summer; how the sky and the sea and the rosy air and the marble of the palaces all glimmer and melt together.” Thus wrote the famous author Henry James, of Venice, which provided the setting for his story The Aspern Papers, in the nineteenth century.The Splendor of Venice has captured the imagination of artists forcenturies—and not just of the great painters and novelists.How tragic now that she is faced with the double threat of man and nature.Venice indeed will be lucky to survive.( )1.Venice proudly boasts ________.A．its beautiful churches, palaces and housesB．its unique St.Mark’s Square and the Grand CanalC．its picturesque waterscapeD．its marvelous ancient buildings( )2.The writer thinks that ________.A．Venice can be regarded as a big museumB．Venice is no longer a big museumC．Venice is different from a big museumD．Venice can never be a big museum because of its modernization ( )3.How do the motor boats endanger the buildings?A．They produce violent movements of water.B．They pollute the air.C．They pollute the water.D．They produce too much noise.( )4.From the fourth paragraph, we know that ________.A．Venetians are eager to modernize their cityB．Venetians value the Grand CanalC．Venetians don’t care about any threat to the Grand Canal.D．the threat of man is greater than the threat of nature( )5.In the last paragraph, the writer ________.A．is very confident that Venice will surviveB．is doubtful whether Venice will surviveC．thinks that Venice will have luckD．is afraid that Venice will no longer attract artists and novelists(三)The Best of AlaskaNothing evokes(唤起) Alaska like a whale exploding out of the water or an eagle pulling a silver fish from the bine these images with high mountains, brilliant icebergs and wonderful meals and you really do have the Best of Alask a! Join us for an unforgettable 7­day excursion(远足) to the last frontier!Highlights：JUNEAU: Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty.It is here that we start and end our trip.HAINES: Haines is a small community located along the fjords(海湾)．The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a premier center for adventure in Alaska.ALASKA INDIAN ARTS: Alaska Indian Arts is a nonprofit corporation dedicated to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes.We spend a few hours learning carving, native beading and culture from these master artists.SKAGWAY: Skagway is a lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops.In Skagway, we stop by the Klondike Gold Rush National Park Visitor’s Center and ride the White Pass Yukon Route Railway.GUSTAVUS: Gustavus is the gateway to Glacier Bay NationalPark.We’ll stay at a comfortable lodge here for two nights.This will be the base f or both the whale­watching excursion and a full day cruise in Glacier Bay.DATES/PRICES：2011: May 15, June 17, July 16, August 14.7 days—$3500, including lodging, all meals, excursions, guides, park fees, sales taxes, and transportation between Juneau, Skagway, Haines, and Gustavus.Not included: Alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau.Contact：Call: 1－800－766－3396Write: Alaska Mountain Guides & Climbing SchoolP．O.Box 1081, Haines AK 99827( )1.You can feel the history of the local place at ________.A．Juneau B．SkagwayC．Haines D．Gustavus( )2.You can watch a whale exploding out of the water at ________.A．Glacier Bay National ParkB．the Klondike Gold Rush National ParkC．the White Pass YukonD．the fjords( )3.According to the advertisement, the participants of the excursion ________.A．will spend one day experiencing the local culture at Alaska Indian ArtsB．can contact Alaska Mountain Guides & Climbing School by e­mailor faxC．are able to experience some adventurous activities in HainesD．can get lots of traditional native artwork free of charge( )4.Which of the following is a participant required to payadditional fees?A．Going from Gustavus to Juneau by train.B．A full day cruise in Glacier Bay.C．Having the last supper at Juneau.D．Flying from Juneau to his hometown.( )5.It is known from the advertisement that ________.A．the native culture of the Northwest Native Tribes is dying outB．Juneau, as the state capital, is much more beautiful than HainesC．Skagway was the richest town of Alaska in the pastD．Alaska is famous for its culture, history and natural beauty 专题限时训练(二十七)(一)【篇章导读】本篇是一篇说明文。

高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练（二十六）史地自然型阅读理解配套作业

高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练（二十六）史地自然型阅读理解配套作业

专题限时训练二十六[史地自然型阅读理解]限时：25分钟一In America, Virginia Beach ha a the eement of a caic eaide reort: briiant beache, a ive boardwa, e ri without warning Mae ure ou wim near a ifeguard Swimming without ifeguard ing to Virginia Beach, chidren cannot eno the hae mode for other area 1．The one area to of the rain that haountainou ain hard receive an rain fa”提到了西班牙的气候，第四段提到了足球在西班牙的流行，最后一段介绍了西班牙的交通规则。

文中并没有提到西班牙的交通运输，故选B。

5．C 推理判断题。

文中主要介绍了西班牙的地理位置、首都、面积、天气、足球及交通规则等。

由此可判断全文旨在让读者更了解西班牙，故选C。

三【语篇解读】地震之后，恢复受震地区的生态系统既要维护当地人的利益，又要保护自然环境，实非易事。

不过，在自然保护区上做文章应该是明智之举。

1．C 推理判断题。

修复震损生态系统是平衡当地居民利益和环境之间的问题，农村的沼气工程可以减少从山林中砍伐木材的数量，把秸秆作为动物饲料可以保证种植更多的植物。

在北京的四海镇和大庄科村，现在的森林覆盖率已经达到或者超过了85%。

15年前的当地比率是30%。

回顾过去，当时的土地使用效率不高。

每人用于取火的木材的数量就达到了20亩。

由于有这样的环境压力，没有修复环境的种植树木数量取得成功，后来政府异地安置了人口，并且为那些留在当地照看树木的人提供报酬和生活用煤。

这样的举措减少了环境压力。

也能让其自然修复。

由此可判断选C项。

2．D 细节理解题。

高考英语二轮复习作业手册 专题限时集训 史地自然型阅读理解(一)

高考英语二轮复习作业手册 专题限时集训 史地自然型阅读理解(一)

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校专题限时训练(二十一) [史地自然型阅读理解(一)](限时：25分钟)(一)The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.For thousands of years，Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island.However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A ten­year civil war started，which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900.Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸盐)on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate.A phosphate mine was not a hole in the ground；it was a strip mine.When a company strip­mined，it removed the top layer of soil.Then it took away the material it wanted.Strip mining totally destroyed the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen.1．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.B．To give a warning to other countries.C．To show the importance of money.D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.2．What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?A．Rich and powerful.B．Modern and open.C．Peaceful and attractive.D．Greedy and aggressive.3．The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from________．A．soil pollutionB．phosphate overminingC．farming activityD．whale hunting4．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.D．The phosphate mines were destroyed.(二)Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which so und like the word “chuck”. Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds make.Now scientists have translated some of their squirrel­speak.Hare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels' alarm calls.The researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture(抓拍)their responses.Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became alert(警惕的)．Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves.“In effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say ‘there's an enemy of average threat that's here’， and whistles without chucks say ‘there's an enemy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere’，while pure chirps say, ‘I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger.’” Hare told.Hare and some other researchers believe such sounds are part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systems.Although squirrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behaviour, thus increasingly the caller's social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since they also may benefit from the alarm calls.In fact, another Canadian study found that deep­voiced, black­capped chickadees have their own language, too.According to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees' calls, such as directing fellows' activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms.While chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests(害兽). Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide “hope that humans will gain a greaterappreciation and stop doing harm to these animals”．1．The text mainly talks about ________．A．the study on the language of squirrelsB．the comparison between squirrels and chickadeesC．the calling for the protection of squirrelsD．the ways for squirrels to escape from their enemies2．If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make ________．A．whistles with chucksB．pure chirpsC．whistles without chucksD．repeated chucks3．The underlined word “tidings” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”．A．difficulties B．poisesC．messages D．languages4．What can be learned from this text?A．Squirrels communicate with each other as humans do.B．Some squirrels understand the recorded alarm calls.C．Other animals also well understand the language of squirrels.D．Birds such as chickadees don't have their own language.(三)It's only 4 hours flying time from Sydney, but a world away. What better place to rest than a country where the only place people hurry is on the football field and things are done in “Fiji time”？Viti Levu is the largest island. Here you'll find the capital Suva and the international airport at Nadi. Vatoa, on the other hand, is a tiny island in the farthest part of Fiji. Then there are 331 other islands, many of them with places to stay.With less than a million people living on islands, you'll never feel crowded. And with a climate that changes only for five degrees between seasons, there's never a bad time to come.From cities to villages, from mountains to beaches, from water sports to wooden artworks, Fiji can give you more adventures and special experiences than you could find almost anywhere in the world.Whenever you come, wherever you go，you're sure to see some unforgettable events，from war dances to religious (的) songs, from market days to religious days. It's not just staged for tourists; it's still a part of everyday life in Fiji. And any one of us can enjoy Fiji's spirit by being part of the traditional (传统的) sharing of yaqona—a drink made from the root of a Fiji plant.So why not join us for the experience of a lifetime?1．Where is the international airport of Fiji?A．In Suva.B．In Sydney.C．On the island of Vatoa.D．On the island of Viti Levu.2．What does the text tell us about Fijian people?A．They invented “Fiji time” for visitors.B．They stick to a traditional way of life.C．They like to travel from place to place.D．They love taking adventures abroad.3．One of the things that make Fiji a tourist attraction is ________．A．its comfortable hotelsB．its good weather all year roundC．its exciting football matchesD．its religious beliefs4．Where can we most probably read this text?A．In a personal diary.B．In a science report.C．In a travel magazine.D．In a geography textbook.专题限时训练(二十一)(一)【要点综述】文章主要讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。

高考英语二轮复习 限时专题训练26 史地常识型阅读理解 试题

高考英语二轮复习 限时专题训练26 史地常识型阅读理解 试题

专题限时训练(二十六) [史地常识型阅读理解]本卷贰O贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。

(限时：每篇7分钟)(一)Today, one can trace Venice’s rich past from its buildings. Most cities can claim at least a handful of outstanding churches, palaces or houses of historical interest, and nearly everything is remarkable, from the magnificent Piazza San Marco (St. Mark’s Square ) and the palaces that line the Grand Canal to the centuries­old homes of simple fishermen. It would be easy to say that the city itself is an enormous museum if it were not for the fact that it is so obviously alive.At first sight, Venice looks unbelievably permanent, an apparently complete Renaissance (文艺复兴) city so untouched by time that there seems no reason why it should not go on forever. Now the city is slowly sinking, as the clay on which it is built loses its elasticity (弹性) and the massive wooden piles rot (腐烂) away. Flooding, such a rare occurrence a hundred years ago now happens several times each winter.The damage caused by the flooding is immense, and the fabric of the ancient buildings is now being further damaged by pollution from the mainland town as well as by the wash produced by the constantly increasing number of motor boats that speed up and down the canals.A further threat to Venice comes from the Venetians themselves, some of whom are not particularly interested in preserving the city as one of the wonders of the world and would prefer to see it modernized.“What better place is there for the meeting of dear friends? See how it glows with the advancing summer; how the sky and the sea and the rosy air and the marble of the palaces all glimmer and melt together.〞 Thus wrote the famous author Henry James, of Venice, which provided the setting for his story The Aspern Papers, in the nineteenth century. The splendor of Venicehas captured the imagination of artists for centuries—and not just of the great painters and novelists. How tragic now that she is faced with the double threat of man and nature. Venice indeed will be lucky to survive.( )1.Venice proudly boasts________.A．its beautiful churches, palaces and housesB．its unique St. Mark’s Square and the Grand CanalC．its picturesque waterscapeD．its marvelous ancient buildings.A．is very confident that Venice will surviveB．is doubtful whether Venice will surviveC．thinks that Venice will have luckD．is afraid that Venice will no longer attract artists and novelists(二)The Best of AlaskaNothing evokes(唤起) Alaska like a whale exploding out of the water or an eagle pulling a silver fish from the river. Combine these images with high mountains, brilliant icebergs and wonderful meals and you really do have the Best of Alaska! Join us for an unforgettable 7­day excursion(远足) to the last frontier!Highlights：JUNEAU: Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty. It is here that we start and end our trip.HAINES: Haines is a small community located along the fjords(海湾). The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a premier center for adventure in Alaska.ALASKA INDIAN ARTS: Alaska Indian Arts is a nonprofit corporation dedicated to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes. We spend a few hours learning carving, native beading(玻璃珠) and culture from these master artists.SKAGWAY: Skagway is a lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. In Skagway, we stop by the Klondike Gold Rush National Park Visitor’s Center and ride the White Pass Yukon Route Railway.GUSTAVUS: Gustavus is the gateway to Glacier Bay National Park. We’ll stay at a comfortable lodge here for two nights. This will be the base for both the whale­watching excursion and a full day cruise in Glacier Bay.DATES/PRICES:2021: May 15, June 17, July 16, August 14.7 days—$3500, including lodging, all meals, excursions, guides, park fees, sales taxes, and transportation between Juneau, Skagway, Haines, and Gustavus. Not included: Alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau.Contact:E­mail: info@alaskamountainguidesCall: 800－766－3396Write: Alaska Mountain Guides & Climbing SchoolP．O. Box 1081, Haines AK 99827( )6.You can feel the history of the local place at ________.A．Juneau B．SkagwayC．Haines D．Gustavus( )7.You can watch a whale exploding out of the water at ________.A．Glacier Bay National ParkB．the Klondike Gold Rush National ParkC．the White Pass YukonD．the fjords( )8.According to the advertisement, the participants of the excursion ________.A．will spend one day experiencing the local culture at Alaska Indian ArtsB．can contact Alaska Mountain Guides & Climbing School by email or faxC．are able to experience some adventurous activities in HainesD．can get lots of traditional native artworks free of charge( )9.Which of the following is a participant required to pay additional fees?A．Going from Gustavus to Juneau by train.B．A full day cruise in Glacier Bay.C．Having the last supper at Juneau.D．Flying from Juneau to his hometown.( )10.It is known from the advertisement that ________.A．the native culture of the Northwest Native Tribes is dying outB．Juneau, as the state capital, is much more beautiful than HainesC．Skagway was the richest town of Alaska in the pastD．Alaska is famous for its culture, history and natural beauty(三)People have been acting like people—in other words, they’ve been making tools, creating ceremonies, and sharing food—for a long time. That’s the concl usion of a recent study from South Africa’s southern coast.There, in a cave lying above the sea, researchers from Arizona State University have found evidence that humans were behaving in surprisingly complex ways as early as 164,000 years ago. Our species, Homo sapiens, appeared an estimated 200,000 years ago.The cave held three important clues about the behavior of these Stone Age people.First, the researchers found the remains of all kinds of shellfish. The people who lived in the cave probably collected these creatures from rocky shores and tide pools and brought them to the cave to eat.The researchers propose the early Africans moved to the South African coast between 195,000 and 130,000 years ago. Around that time, the climate inland turned relatively cold and dry. Therefore, there were fewer plants and animals to eat away from the coast.When these ancient people moved to the coast, they probably experienced a major cultural shift, the researchers suspect. That’s because observations of modern hunter­gatherer societies suggest that men are more likely to hunt for big animals when people live inland. On the coast, women play a more important role in providing food by gathering plants and shellfish.As for the second clue, the researchers unearthed 57 pieces of reddish pigment(颜料). The researchers think that the cave habitants used the paint for coloring their bodies or for other ceremonies. Symbolic behavior is a clearly human feature.Finally, the search discovered over 1,800 stone tools, incl uding well­crafted blades(刀片). These blades came in various sizes. The smallest were just less than a half­inch wide. Ancient people may have attached these blades to the end of a stick to make spears or other tools.( )11.What is the passage mainly about?A．Ancient cave behavior.B．New evidence of ancient life.C．The history of human beings.D．Human behavior’s development.( )12.The early Africans moved to the South African coast with the main purpose of ________.A．avoiding badly cold and dry weatherB．seeking the cultural developmentC．seeking enough food to live onD．living a newer and better life( )13.According to the passage, the cave habitants________.A．knew how to use colors for decorationB．made a living largely by hunting animalsC．only could made tools with rough bladesD．could hunt for fish in the sea with ships( )14.After the early Africans moved to the coast, what probably happened to their culture?A．Women’s role was as important as men’s role in families.B．They were no longer used to living inlands but living on the coast.C．Men’s role was more important than women’s role in earning food.D．Women’s role was more important than men’s role in earning food.( )15.The new discoveries in the cave should support the theory that ________.A．modern human behavior developed smoothly fast from the ancient timeB．modern human behavior developed slowly from the ancient timeC．South Africa is the birthplace of the earliest human beings in the worldD．modern human behavior is largely the same as ancient human behavior专题限时训练(二十六)(一)本文为说明文，主要介绍威尼斯引以为豪的古建筑正承受着来自人类与大自然的双重威胁。

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专题限时训练(二十六) [史地自然型阅读理解](限时：25分钟)(一)In America, Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resort: brilliant beaches, a lively boardwalk, plenty of restaurants and nightspots, and amusement rides sure to appeal to kids. Many believe Virginia Beach is at its best in the off­season, when the town is less crowded but the weather is still mild.Meanwhile, some safety tips should be followed, enjoying the happiness and excitement the beach offers.The number 1 safety tip concerns ocean safety: pay attention to flag conditions posted on the lifeguard stands. Lifeguards post a red flag to warn when the ocean water is dangerous. Take them seriously! Tourists from land­locked regions are particularly easily attracted by the magic of the waves. However, a calm ocean can become risky without warning. Make sure you swim near a lifeguard. Swimming without lifeguard protection is almost five times as great as drowning at a beach with lifeguards.Never swim alone. Many drownings involve single swimmers. When you swim with someone else, if one of you has a problem, the other may be able to get help, including signaling for assistance from others.Don't fight the current. The facts show that some 80% of rescues by lifeguards at ocean beaches are caused by currents. These currents are formed by surf and gravity, because once surf pushes water up the slope of a beach, gravity pulls it back. This can create concentrated rivers of water moving offshore. If you are caught in a rip current, don't fight it by trying to swim directly to shore. Instead, swim parallel to shore until you feel the current relax, then swim to shore. Most rip currents are narrow and a short swim parallel to shore will help bring you to safety.1. When coming to Virginia Beach, children cannot enjoy the happiness of________.A. walking on the road made of woodB．joining the nightspotsC．riding a horse or a pumper carD．skiing in the sea2. Many people believe the best time to visit Virginia Beach may be ________.A. after autumn school term beginningB．in the summer vacationC．during the Christmas holidayD．in the cold winter3. Swimming in the sea you'd better not swim ________.A. with a friendB．within the sight of the lifeguardC．with the currentD．as far as you like4. From the passage, we can know________.A. one in five persons swimming in the sea is drownedB．if one with a lifeguard were drowning, five persons without lifeguards wouldbeC．some 80% people drowning by the currents are rescued by lifeguardsD．some 20% drowning by the currents are rescued by lifeguards5. The passage mainly tells us ________.A. Virginia Beach has all the elements of a classic seaside resortB．the happiness and excitement the beach offersC．some safety tips when swimming in the seaD．the dangers for tourists from land­locked regions to swim in the sea(二)Spain is a country that lies in southwestern Europe.It's surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea on the south and the east, while to the north of Spain lie France, Andorra and the Bay of Biscay.The west and northwest of Spain are surrounded by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.The official name of the state is The Kingdom of Spain.Madrid is the capital city,which is also one of the famous places in Spain.Spain, which covers 506,000 square kilometers, is one of the largest countries in Europe.The weather in Spain differs from one area to another.Most of the rain that happensin Spain is in the mountainous areas.The plains hardly receive any rain fall.Soccer in Spain is an important part of life of the people in Spain.It's saidthat Spanish children learn to walk and play soccer simultaneously(同时)．Real Madridand FC Barcelona are two Spanish soccer teams, which are respected by soccer fansnot only in Spain, but all over the world.The popularity of the sport can be judgedfrom the fact that three major soccer teams, which are Real Madrid, Atletico de Madrid,and Rayo Vallecano, were born in Madrid.If you are a tourist, then you would want to know about the driving rules in Spain.If you're not from the EuropeanUnion, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, or Liechtenstein, then for you to drive you'll have to carry your valid(有效的) International Driver's License.Bad news if you haven't celebrated your 18th birthday.If you want to rent a car, then you must have completed 21 years of age.Ifyou're driving, make sure you carry all the documents on you at all times during yourstay in Spain.1．The first paragraph is mainly about ________.A．Spain's historyB．Spain's locationC．Spain's famous citiesD．Spain's neighboring countries2．Which example shows that soccer is popular in Spain?A．Madrid is home to soccer.B．Spanish people play soccer when they are walking.C．Spanish people enjoy watching soccer matches.D．There are three major soccer teams born in Madrid.3．Who is allowed to rent a car in Spain?A．Tom who is 17 years old.B．Jenny who is 19 years old.C．Mike who is 20 years old.D．Brown who is 22 years old.4．Which topic is NOT mentioned about Spain in the passage?A．Climate. B．Transportation.C．Sports. D．Driving rules.5．The purpose of the passage is to ________.A．explain how to appreciate SpainB．prove Spain is a beautiful countryC．make readers know more about SpainD．attract more people to pay a visit to Spain(三)Restoring the quake­hit ecosystems is a question of balancing the interests of the local people and the environment.Rural methane (沼气) projects can reduce the number of locals taking firewood from the mountainsides.The use of straw as food for animals will ensure that vegetation can grow.In Sihai township and Dazhuangke village, in Beijing, they now have a forestry coverage of 85% or more, compared to the 30% they had 15 years ago.Back then, land was used very inefficiently: one person would use 20 mu of forest just for firewood.With those pressures on the ecosystem, no amount of spending on reforestation will succeed.Then the government relocated the population and paid those who remained to tend the forest and provide coal.This reduced the pressures on the ecosystem and it was able to recover naturally.When an ecosystem has not been pushed past certain limits, it is able to recover on its own.Human involvement should only play a minor role, including after an earthquake.This is particularly the case for sandy grasslands, grasslands deserts, the mountains of the south and the northern sides of mountains in the north.In these areas soil remains and the water, light, heat and nutrients needed are available.Less human involvement is even more appropriate in areas with a small population, where it can avoid money being wasted on ineffective efforts, such as creating forests in dry areas.The creation of nature reserves should be a model to allow damaged ecosystems to recover.Funding can start at the national level; centrally­funded nature reserves can enforce environmental protection laws and help to promote the local economy.This will solve the problems of reserves being run to make money.When national reserves are funded, local governments will be able to adopt the same model and provide the funds for nature reserves from their own budgets.The first project should be established in nature reserves hit by the quake; these can then become models for other areas.1．The purpose of mentioning Sihai township and Dazhuangke village is mainly to ________.A．show the effects of human involvementB．tell us where we could find rural methane projectsC．display a modelD．impress those data in our memory2．To restore the qu ake­hit ecosystem, government should ________.A．forbid locals from taking firewood from the mountainsidesB．encourage local people to feed their animals just with strawC．spend large amounts of money relocating the populationD．protect the environment without harming locals' interests3．The forestry coverage in rural Beijing has increased greatly because ________. A．pressures on land were reducedB．a large amount of coal is providedC．no people live in that areaD．locals take good care of the forest4．According to the passage ________ play(s) a major role in ecosystem recovery. A．local peopleB．nature itselfC．human involvementD．government's effort5．According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true? A．Nature reserves could be helpful to recover the damaged ecosystems. B．Centrally­funded nature reserves are beneficial to local economy. C．Some nature reserves are created for the purpose of making money.D．The first projects on n ature reserves should be set up in quake­hit areas.专题限时训练(二十六)(一)【语篇解读】弗吉尼亚滩是一个值得游览的好地方，本文主要介绍游览弗吉尼亚海滩时需注意的安全事项。

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