虚拟语气(表格整理)
虚拟语气用法归纳表格
虚拟语气用法归纳表格1、虚拟语气的定义虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人的主观愿望、假设、猜测、建议等非真实的情况。
11 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气条件从句：If ＋主语＋动词过去式（be 动词用 were）主句：主语＋ would/should/could/might ＋动词原形例如：If I were you, I would study harder111 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气条件从句：If ＋主语＋ had ＋过去分词主句：主语＋ would/should/could/might ＋ have ＋过去分词例如：If I had known the truth, I wouldn't have made such a mistake 112 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气条件从句：If ＋主语＋ were to ＋动词原形或 If ＋主语＋ should ＋动词原形主句：主语＋ would/should/could/might ＋动词原形例如：If it were to rain tomorrow, we would stay at home121 wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反：从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反：从句用 would/could ＋动词原形例如：I wish I were a bird （与现在事实相反）122 would rather 后的宾语从句与现在或将来事实相反：从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时例如：I would rather you came tomorrow （与将来事实相反）13 虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用It is ＋形容词＋ that 句型中，形容词为 necessary, important, strange 等时，从句用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
例如：It is necessary that we （should) study hard14 虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的应用与主语从句类似，在 suggestion, proposal, order 等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中，从句用“should ＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图
状语从句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）If I had time, I would attendthe meeting.主语+would(should couldmight)+动词原型表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词If he had hurried ,he couldhave caught the train.主语+would（should couldmight）+have+动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形3、If+主语+should +动词原形If I were to go abroad ,I wouldgo to America.主语+would（could shouldmight）+动词原型错综时间条件句——主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。
1.条件暗含在短语中；2.条件暗含在上下文中；3.虚拟式变为习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。
条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去，而将had，should，were等助动词提到主语之前。
虚拟语气(表格整理)汇编
虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood ）1.if （条件状语从句） 从句谓语（if ） 主句谓语形式 例句与现在事实相反 did/were would/could/should/might +doIf I were you,I shouldstudy English.与过去事实相反 had done would/could/should/might +have done If you had taken myadvice,you wouldn ’thave failed in the exam.与将来事实相反 ①did ②should do ③were to do would/could/should/might +do If it were to raintomorrow, the meeting would be put off.主、从句时间不一致，动词形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
eg.：If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.“were,had,should + 主语”放句首（否定词not 不能放前面）。
eg.:①Were I in school again ，I would work harder. ②Had you been here earlier,you would have seen him. ③Should there be a meeting tomorrow,I would come. 注意：Were it not for the expense,I would go to Italy.(√）Weren ’t it for the expense,I would go to Italy.(×）常用词：①介词：with,without,but for(要不是，如果没有）；②连词：or,but ；③副词：otherwise. eg.:①Without air, there would be no living things. ②But for your help,I couldn ’t have finished it in advance.③I was ill that day.Otherwise,I would had taken part in thesports meeting.=If I hadn ’t been ill that day,I would had...2.wish （宾语从句）/if only (要是……就好了）从句谓语形式 例句 ①I wish it were spring all the year round. ②If only I were a bird!与过去事实相反had done①Jack drove fast and was in an accident. He said, “I wish I had driven more carefully!”. ②If only I had taken his advice.would/could/might do I wish you could go with us tomorrow.3.would rather + 从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事） 条件从句中省略if 采用倒装语序的情况 含蓄条件从句（省略if ，用其他词代替） 错综时间条件句 与现在事实相反 与将来事实相反did/were从句谓语形式 例句与现在或将来事实相反 did/were I would rather you came tomorrow.与过去事实相反 had doneI ’d rather you hadn ’t been present. 4.as if/as though,even if/though + 从句从句谓语形式 例句 与现在事实相反did/were He looked as if he were an artist. He talked about the Great Wall as if he had been there before.would/could/might do He opened his mouth as if he would say something.注意：1.在as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成为事实，用陈述语气。
(完整word版)虚拟语气(含表格)
虚拟语气类别用法例句If引导的条件从句与现在事实相反◇从句动词：过去式（be用were）◇主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形If he were here, he would help us.与过去事实相反◇从句动词：had+过去分词◇主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+过去分词If I had been free, I would havevisited you.与将来事实相反◇从句动词：过去式/ should+动词原形/were+不定式◇主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形If it should rain tomorrow, wewould not go camping.特殊有时，句子没有直接给出假设情况的条件，而须通过上下文或其他方式来判断，这种情况称为“含蓄虚拟条件句”，常见的判断词是“without,but for,but"But for his help, we would beworking now.当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should, had时，if可省略，而将were,should, had等词置于句首Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to workhere.有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作所虚拟的时间不一致，这种情况称为“错综虚拟条件句”If I had worked hard at school, Iwould be an engineer, too.其它状语从句as if引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式They began to talk warmly as ifthey had known each other forlong.in order that / so that引导的状语从句中动词用can / could / may / might / would等+动词原形Turn on the light so that we cansee it clearly.宾语从句demand, suggest, order, insist后接的从句中动词为should+动词原形He suggested that we not changeour mind.wish后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和should/would+动词原形表示与现在，过去和将来情况相反I wish I could be a pop singer.主语从句在It is necessary / important / strangethat…, It is suggested / demanded / ordered/ requested that…等从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形It is strange that such a personshould be our friends.其它句型中It is time that…句型中动词用过去式或should+动词原形It’s high time that we left.would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式I would rather you stayed at home now.If only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望If only our dream had come true!1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English ____ much easier.A. will beB. would have beenC. could have beenD. would be2. If she had worked harder, she ____.A. would succeedB. had succeededC. should succeedD. would have succeeded3. — If he ____, he ____ that food.— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken4. If he ____ me his telephone number yesterday, I ____ able to ring him up now.A. told; would beB. had told; would beC. had told; would have beenD. told; am5. If I ____ you, I ____ to Australia with Mr. Smith.A. had been; would goB. were; had goneC. were; would have goneD. am; will go6. Without electricity, human life ____ quite different today.A. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be7. Our monitor was absent. Otherwise I ____ the chair.A. would not takeB. didn't takeC. hadn't takenD. wouldn't have taken8. — The experiment has failed!— I suggest that you ____ again.A. tryB. tryingC. will tryD. would try9. His silence at the meeting suggested that he ____ to your plan.A. didn't agreeB. hadn't agreedC. wouldn't agreeD. not agree10. The father insisted his daughter ____ a rich man.A. would be engaged toB. be engaged toC. should engage toD. must be engaged to11. She insisted that she ____ ill of him behind him, but he didn't believe.A. hadn't spokenB. shouldn't speakC. wouldn't speakD. not speak12. — I stayed at a hotel while in New York.— Oh, did you? You ____ with Barbara.A. could have stayedB. could stayC. would stayD. must have stayed13. I was really anxious about you. You ____ home without a word.A. mustn't leaveB. shouldn't have leftC. couldn't have leftD. needn't leave14. There was plenty of time. She ____.A. mustn't have hurriedB. needn't have hurriedC. must not hurryD. couldn't have hurried15. I wish I ____ you yesterday.A. seenB. did seeC. had seenD. were to see16. If my lawyer ____ here last Saturday, he ____ me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented17. He ____ you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have givenB. might giveC. may have givenD. may give18. If it ____ for the snow, we ____ the mountain yesterday.A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had not been; could have climbedD. had not been; could climb19. I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I ____ for her.A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have written it outD. ought to write it out20. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come21. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken22. You didn't let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired.A. drove; didn't getB. drove; wouldn't getC. were driving; wouldn't getD. had driven; wouldn't have got23. She couldn't have answered the question if she _____ a few books on world history.A. hadn't readB. hasn't readC. wouldn't readD. didn't read24. If it ____ so hard, we'd go to town.A. isn't rainingB. weren't rainingC. doesn't rainD. has rained25. Our former math teacher died of cancer last term, otherwise he ____.A. will still workB. should still workC. would still have workedD. would still be working26. The soldier died in the hospital. He ____ if the doctor ____ on him two hours earlier.A. might be saved; operatedB. could be saved; had operatedC. could have been saved; had operatedD. had been saved; was operated27. It's time that you ____ home and I'd rather you ____ again tomorrow.A. are going; will comeB. go; are comingC. went; cameD. would go; would come28. I ____ you a more valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money at that time.A. would buyB. had boughtC. would have boughtD. must have bought29. I went to the meeting yesterday because I ____ nothing about the discussion without attending it.A. didn't knowB. would knowC. knewD. would have known30. It was required that each student ____ enough food for the public.A. bringB. broughtC. would bringD. had brought31. He didn't come yesterday, or you ____ him.A. would seeB. were to seeC. might have seenD. had seen32. It was suggested yesterday that a meeting ____ to discuss the matter.A. will be heldB. would be heldC. should holdD. be held33. It's strange that he ____ without saying good-bye to us.A. should have gone outB. wentC. should go outD. goes out34. Nothing could have saved him even if he ____ without delay.A. would be tendedB. was tendedC. has been tendedD. had ben tended35. The manager was angry and ordered that this work ____ tomorrow.A. be finishedB. finishC. was finishedD. would finish36. He is talking so much about Britain as if he ____ there.A. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. had gone37. The young man insisted that he ____ nothing wrong and ____ free.A. did; setB. had done; should be setC. do; be setD. had done; must be set38. My suggestion was that the meeting ____ off till next week.A. to putB. be putC. should putD. would be put39. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____ all right now.A. areB. wereC. would beD. would have been40. It is requested that Li Ming ____ at the class meeting on behalf of us.A. will speakB. speaksC. would speakD. speak41. — I didn't catch the first train this morning.— You ____ the first train if you ____ earlier.A. would catch; had got upB. could catch; should get upC. would have caught; had got upD. would catch; got up42. You ____ earlier. The bus left a moment ago.A. would comeB. should have comeC. must comeD. could have come43. Without your help, we ____ this task.A. don't finishB. will not finishC. didn't finishD. would not have finished44. Mr. Fang spoke slowly in order that we ____ him.A. should followB. followC. might followD. followed45. — Have you ever been to Hong Kong?— No, but I wish I ____.A. haveB. willC. doD. had46. What should we do if it ____ tomorrow?A. should snowB. would snowC. snowD. will snow47. He ____ the test, but he wasn't careful enough.A. could have passedB. were able to passC. must have passedD. might be able to pass48. If there ____ not the Communist Party, we ____ a happy life.A. were; couldn't liveB. are; can't liveC. is; can't liveD. was; wouldn't live49. But for the leadership of out Party and Government, we ____ these splendid results.A. have achievedB. couldn't have achievedC. could have achievedD. would achieve50. — It was the drug, not the disease, that killed the boy.— He would be still alive today if he ____ that drug.A. not takeB. shouldn't have takenC. didn't takeD. hadn't taken。
(完整版)虚拟语气表格归纳
例：They are willing to surrender provided they are given free pardon..
“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气
（should）+动词原型
例：1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow.
表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气
某些表示建议，请求，命令等主观意向的名词做主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气
表达形式为should+动词原型或直接用动词原型。
这类名词常见的有：demand，desire，requirement，advice，recommendation，suggestion，order，necessity，proposal，plan，idea。
If only引出感叹句，意思是“要是…..多好”，表示说话人的一种愿望。
例：If only he didn’t drive so fast!(现在)
If only the rain would stop.(将来)
Look atthe terrible situationIam in !if onlyIhad followed your advice(过去)
谓语动词多用should/could/might+动词原型构成
由“providing（that）/provided（that）/on condition that/suppose（that）/supposing（that）”引导的条件从句
根据情况，1.可以用虚拟语气。
例：suppose/supposingthat it rained,we shouldn’t go out.
(完整版)虚拟语气(表格整理)
虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）1.if（条件状语从句）2.wish（宾语从句）/if only(要是……就好了）3.would rather+ 从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事）4.as if/as though,even if/though + 从句--------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.在表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后的宾语从句中，用“（should）+动词原形”。
6.虚拟语气用于主语从句7.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句 [用（should)+动词原形]8.虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在It is (high) time (that)...句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式或should + 动词原形（should不能省略，be用were来表示），意【好题珍藏】1.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often. （Pano M6 P16:15) A.lives B.would live C.has lived D.were to live【解析】主句说明了客观事实，if从句是对将来事实的假设。
见“1.if（条件状语从句）——与将来事实相反”。
【答案】D2.If Mr.Dewey present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. （Pano M6 P16:16) A.were B.had been C.should be D.was【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——与过去事实相反”。
虚拟语气的用法一览表_阅吧~~
虚拟语气的用法一览表_阅吧~~虚拟语气是一项语法难点，为了让学员们便于理解与记忆，我们把虚拟语气分成三大块来讨论：1．名词从句中的虚拟语气标志词+should+动词原形2．条件从句中的虚拟语气①三种基本态②倒装虚拟句③混时虚拟句④含蓄虚拟句⑤跳层虚拟句3．其它情形中的虚拟语气（wish/would rather/it’s high time…/if only…/lest）一．三种基本形态（1）表虚拟的时间if从句谓语形式主句谓语形式现在：did / were would (should, might, could)+do过去：had done/ had been would (should/might/could)+have done(been)将来：were to/ should+do would (should, might, could)+do 三种基本形态（2）（这是基础，建议牢记下面的例句，争取能脱口而出）与现在事实相反：if i had enough money, i would buy a book.与过去事实相反：if i had had enough money, i would have bought a book.与将来事实相反：if i were to have enough money, i would buya book. if i should have enough money, i would buy a book.二、倒装虚拟句（只能与过去/将来事实相反，省去if，有三种倒装形式）had i had enough money, i would have bought a book.were i to have enough money, i would buy a book.should i have enough money, i would buy a book.三、混合时间虚拟语气（主要是抓住时间状语）(对过去事实虚拟+对现在事实虚拟)if i had studied english at school, i could read the english novel now. (对现在事实虚拟+对过去事实虚拟)if she were not so careless, she wouldn’t have made such a mistake.四、含蓄虚拟句what would i have done without you?but for their help, i would not have finished the task.but that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead. given more time, i would have been able to finish the test.五、跳层虚拟句（即句子一半为虚拟，另一半为陈述语气；but前句用虚拟而or/otherwise后句用虚拟）(but) he would put on weight, but he doesn’’’’’’’’t eat much. (与现在事实相反)he would have put on weight, but he didn’’’’’’’’t eat much. (与过去事实相反)(or, or else, otherwise) i forget where i read the article, or i would show it to you now. 现在事实相反)mary couldn’’’’’’’’t have received my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now. (与过去事实相反)六、名词从句虚拟语气(1) ask, advise, beg, command, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, require, recommend, request, suggest, urge等表示命令、要求、建议等含义的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用(should)+动词原形,eg. i suggest / suggested that we (should) go tomorrow.名词从句虚拟语气(2) it is +(形容词/过去分词/特定名词)+that的从句中，形容词主要是表示令人吃惊的、重要的、必要的、关键的等词汇。
虚拟语气语法表格化
work.下班后，你必须清扫车间。
It is very stange that she (should) have left without saying goodbye.她不辞而别，真让人奇怪。
当表示与事实相反的愿望时，在动词wish后的宾语从句中用虚拟 语气。
时态
谓语动词形态
与现在事实相反的愿望
He speaks English so fluently
虚拟语气
如果从句表示与过去事实相 as if he had studied English
的其他用
反，谓语动词用“had+过去 in England.他英语说得如此流利
法
分词”形式。
就像他曾经在英国学习过英语一样
。
如果从句表示与将来事实相
反，谓语动词用“
没有他，我们就失败了。
在"It is +引起虚拟语气的形容词/过去分词+
从句”中主语从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气形式 It is better that the paitent
“should+动词原形”或省略
(should )be sent to hospital
should.(better,probable,possible,demande at once.病人最好立刻被送往医院
But for your help, we couldn't have succeeded.
没有你的帮助，我们就不可能成功
在If only,but
for,with,witho With her help ,I would do ut 后的用法 it faster.
在她的帮助下，我会做得更快
Without him,we would have failed.
(完整版)完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图
在expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
经常用“should+动词原型（或完成形式），表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等情绪。
I cannot believe that you should think so.
在“It is (was)+名词+that…..”结构句中的虚拟语气
表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。
It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.
这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，recommendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。
“In case”引导的从句中即可用陈述句，也可以用虚拟语气
（should）+动词原型
例：1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow.
2.The game will be put off in case it snows.
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
表示“要求”的：ask,desire, request,demand,require,beg
表示“同意，坚持”的：insist
表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order
注意：suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
(完整版)虚拟语气表格归纳
去if：Were she younger,she,would do it.
虚拟语气在as if/as though引导的方式状语从句中
1.表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑，谓语动词用过去式。
2.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时。
在“It is (was)+名词+that…..”结构句中的虚拟语气
表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。
这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity，proposal，recommendation，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。
表示“要求”的：ask,desire, request,demand,require,beg
表示“同意，坚持”的：insist
表示“决定，命令”的：decide,order
注意：suggest,insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示，表明，坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
在expect，believe，think，suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
状语从句中的虚拟语气
虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点：
从句（条件）
主句（目的）
表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）
主语+would(should could might)+动词原型
表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句
If+主语+had+动词的过去分词
完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图
状语从句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）If I had time, I would attendthe meeting.主语+would(should couldmight)+动词原型表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词If he had hurried ,he couldhave caught the train.主语+would（should couldmight）+have+动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形3、If+主语+should +动词原形If I were to go abroad ,I wouldgo to America.主语+would（could shouldmight）+动词原型错综时间条件句——主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。
1.条件暗含在短语中；2.条件暗含在上下文中；3.虚拟式变为习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。
条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去，而将had，should，were等助动词提到主语之前。
虚拟语气表格总结版
虚拟语气表格总结版标准化文件发布号：（9312-EUATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII虚拟语气一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句（一）形式I.动词的语气简介：语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。
在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。
•虚拟语气——与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑推测、祝愿等。
II.虚拟语气的运用一、在if条件从句中的运用（一）表格及注意事项•注：• 1. 目前，虚拟语气的were除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外，其他有些情况可以用was。
• 2. 如果表示否定的意思，多用过去时结构，用should和were to较少。
（二）、虚拟条件句中的省略和倒装若符合下列条件，可以省略if:• 1.必须是非真实条件句，并且有时，才可以省略if.• 2.省略if时，主语与的位置必须相互调换。
例：（1）万一我见到她，我会告诉她的。
If I should meet her, I would tell her.（2）如果我处在你的位置上，我会做得更好。
If I were in your position, I would do it better.（3）如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的。
If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded.(三)含蓄条件句假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。
如with，without，but，but for， otherwise等。
根据句子要表达的事态，选择相应的虚拟语气的形式。
I lost her phone number, otherwise I her up.我弄丢了她的电话号码，否则我就能打给她了If I had not lost her phone number…But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school.要不是有你的帮助，我不会有机会去学校的。
虚拟语气表格总结版
虚拟语气一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句（一）形式I.动词的语气简介：语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。
在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。
•虚拟语气——与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑推测、祝愿等。
II.虚拟语气的运用一、在if条件从句中的运用（一）表格及注意事项•注：• 1. 目前，虚拟语气的were除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外，其他有些情况可以用was。
• 2. 如果表示否定的意思，多用过去时结构，用should和were to较少。
（二）、虚拟条件句中的省略和倒装若符合下列条件，可以省略if:• 1.必须是非真实条件句，并且有时，才可以省略if.• 2.省略if时，主语与的位置必须相互调换。
例：（1）万一我见到她，我会告诉她的。
If I should meet her, I would tell her.（2）如果我处在你的位置上，我会做得更好。
If I were in your position, I would do it better.（3）如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的。
If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded.(三)含蓄条件句假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。
如with，without，but，but for， otherwise等。
根据句子要表达的事态，选择相应的虚拟语气的形式。
I lost her phone number, otherwise I her up.我弄丢了她的电话号码，否则我就能打给她了If I had not lost her phone number…But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school.要不是有你的帮助，我不会有机会去学校的。
完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图
状语从句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气在if引导的条件句中的用法三点：从句（条件）主句（目的）表示于现在事实相反的虚拟条件句If+主语+动词的过去式（be用were）If I had time, I would attendthe meeting.主语+would(should couldmight)+动词原型表示与过去事实相反的拟条件句If+主语+had+动词的过去分词If he had hurried ,he couldhave caught the train.主语+would（should couldmight）+have+动词的过去分词表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形3、If+主语+should +动词原形If I were to go abroad ,I wouldgo to America.主语+would（could shouldmight）+动词原型错综时间条件句——主从句时间不一致的情况下的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.含蓄条件句有时虚拟条件句并没用if从句表示出来，而是用介词短语（otherwise，or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式来表示。
1.条件暗含在短语中；2.条件暗含在上下文中；3.虚拟式变为习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。
条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况在if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把虚拟条件中的连词if省去，而将had，should，were等助动词提到主语之前。
完整虚拟语气用法表格归纳图
that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型
It is demanded that we should work out a plan.
这类名词罕有的有：demand,desire,requirement,advice,recommendation,suggestion,order,necessity,proposal,plan,idea.
去if：Were she younger,she,would do it.
2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
去if: Had you come earlier, you would have met him
3:If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.
2.暗示与曩昔事实相反,谓语动词用曩昔完成时.
He spoke as if he had known about it.
3．暗示与未来事实相反,(暗示未来的可能性不大),用would (might, could)+动词本相
He acts as if he could win in the game .
留意：1.若或人愿本身做某事,would rather后用动词原型
2.would rather…..than……顶用动词原型
I would rather do it by myself.
Iwouldratherwatch TV at homethango to the cinema.
主语从句中的虚拟语气
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虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）
1.if（条件状语从句）
2.wish（宾语从句）/if only(要是……就好了）
3.would rather+ 从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事）
4.as if/as though,even if/though + 从句
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5.在表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后的宾语从句中，用“（should）+动词原形”。
6.虚拟语气用于主语从句
7.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句[用（should)+动词原形]
8.虚拟语气用于定语从句
这种从句常用在It is (high) time (that)...句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去
were来表示），意为“（现在）
式或should + 动词原形（should不能省略，be用
【好题珍藏】
1.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often. （Pano M6 P16:15)
A.lives live lived to live
【解析】主句说明了客观事实，if从句是对将来事实的假设。
见“（条件状语从句）——与将来事实相反”。
【答案】D
present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.
（Pano M6 P16:16)
been be
【解析】见“（条件状语从句）——与过去事实相反”。
【答案】B
3.no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. （Pano M6 P16:17)
there there been there are there have been
【解析】见“（条件状语从句）——条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况”。
补充完整是：If there were no modern telecommunications，...
【答案】A
4.We would rather our daughter at home with us, but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer. （Pano M6 P16:18)
A.would stay stayed
【解析】见“rather + 从句——与现在或将来事实相反”。
【答案】C
5.If I (work) hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.（M6 P33:
【解析】见“（条件状语从句）——错综时间条件句”。
【答案】had worked
are the children The dinner’s going to be completely.
---I wish they always late. （Pano M6 P16:20)’t ’t been ’t be ’t have been
【解析】见“（宾语从句）——与现在事实相反”。
【答案】A
the Internet, life (be) quite different nowadays.
【解析】见“（条件状语从句）——含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）”。
【答案】would be
your help,we would not (make) such rapid prgress.
【解析】见“（条件状语从句）——含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）”。
【答案】have made
only I (arrive) in time! （Pano M6 P31:
【解析】见“only(要是……就好了)——与过去事实相反”。
【答案】had arrived
wasn’t I would (trap) in the fire,too.
【解析】见“（条件状语从句）——含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）”。
【答案】have been trapped
you so much!But for your text message, I home without my ID card this morning. （Pano M6 P33:14)
have left leave left
【解析】见“（条件状语从句）——含蓄条件从句（省略if，用其他词代替）”。
【答案】A
prices have been rising all the time,especially that of it is high time the government action to solve it. （Pano M6 P33:15)
A.takes taken take
【解析】见“8.虚拟语气用于定语从句”。
【答案】C
make the most of your time,live every moment as if it you last.
be been （Pano M6 P33:17)
【解析】见“ if/as though,even if/though + 从句”。
【答案】C
14. a little earlier,you could have got a copy of his latest book.
A.If you would arrive you arrived you arrive you arrived
【解析】见“（条件状语从句）——条件从句中省略if采用倒装语序的情况”。
【答案】D。