英文论文翻译稿
论文 英文文翻译
Guidance Notes for completing application formPart 1 Personal InformationEligibility to work at the British CouncilWe are only able to accept applications from individuals who have the right to work in the country to which they have applied.Personal InformationThe British Council’s normal retirement age is 65. If you are over this age, or within 6 months of it, at the time you apply to join us, in line with the Equality (Age) Regulations 2006, we will consider your application but reserve the right to reject it if we consider that we would be unlikely to derive sufficient benefit from your appointment in the period before your retirement.Criminal Convictions (UK)Subject to certain exempted occupations, convictions that are ‘spent’ under the Rehabilitation of Offenders Act 1974 need not be mentioned. Please be aware that declaring a conviction will not automatically disqualify you from being employed unless this post is subject to a Criminal Records Bureau Check.If the post is subject to a Criminal Records Bureau Check, British Council is committed to safeguarding and promoting the welfare of children and young people and expects all of its partners to share this commitment. Appointment to these roles are subject to enhanced Criminal Records Bureau (CRB) checks in the UK, and, where appropriate, equivalent systems overseas.Data ProtectionThe British Council will use the information you provide in this form to process your application. If your application is successful and you take up employment with the British Council, this form will be kept on your personnel file and some details from it will be held electronically by Human Resources in line with the Data Protection Act (1998). If your application is unsuccessful, this form willbe kept on file for one year after completion of the recruitment exercise and then securely destroyed.The British Council will treat all personal details in accordance with UK law and its own privacy policy. Under Data Protection law you have the right to ask for a copy of the information we hold on you, for which we may charge a fee, and the right to ask us to correct any inaccuracies in that information. If you do want more information about this please contact your local British Council office or the Data Protection Team dataprotection@. Part 2 Job-Related InformationDisabilityThe UK Disability Discrimination Act 1995 defines a person with a disability as someone who has a physical or mental impairment (including a learning or sensory impairment) that has a substantial and long term adverse effect on his/her ability to carry out normal day to day activities. In any country, it is British Council policy to interview all applicants who are disabled and who meet the essential criteria for an advertised job.Employment and professional informationPlease give details of your employment for the last 10 years, or since leaving full-time education if this is sooner, starting with the most recent employment. Account for all your time, including voluntary work or other periods away from work. Please be aware that it will not prejudice your application if you disclose a period of ill health or a period out of formal employment (e.g. time spent at home bringing up children).Other relevant experiencePlease note that this does not need to be limited to work experience. It can include experience of volunteering or of roles held within the community e.g. youth worker, community worker or leader etc..。
论文的英文翻译
论文的英文翻译English Translation of a Thesis (700 words)Title: Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity Conservation EffortsAbstract:Climate change is a global phenomenon that has significant implications for biodiversity conservation efforts worldwide. This paper aims to explore the impact of climate change on the existing strategies and approaches used in the conservation of biodiversity. Through a comprehensive review of relevant literature, this study provides insights into the potential consequences of climate change on species extinction rates, habitat loss, and ecological disruptions. Furthermore, it examines the challenges in conservation practices posed by climate change and proposes adaptive management strategies to mitigate its effects. The overarching goal of this research is to contribute to the development of effective and sustainable conservation approaches in the face of climate change.Introduction:Biodiversity plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability and resilience of ecosystems, providing vital ecosystem services that sustain human societies. However, climate change presents a major threat to biodiversity as it alters the ecological conditions upon which species depend. The accelerating rate of climate change has significant implications for the distribution and abundance of species, leading to shifts in species ranges and altering ecologicalinteractions. In order to preserve the earth's biodiversity, it is essential to understand the impact of climate change on existing conservation efforts and develop adaptive strategies to mitigate these effects.Climate Change and Species Extinction:Climate change is likely to increase species extinction rates as it disrupts ecological systems and impairs the ability of species to adapt to changing conditions. Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns can lead to shifts in the availability of resources, making it more challenging for species to find suitable habitats and maintain their populations. Furthermore, climate change can exacerbate existing stressors such as habitat degradation, pollution, and invasive species, making it even more difficult for vulnerable species to survive. This highlights the urgency of developing conservation strategies that consider the implications of climate change and prioritize the protection of vulnerable species.Habitat Loss and Fragmentation:Climate change contributes to habitat loss and fragmentation, which are key drivers of biodiversity decline. Rising temperatures can trigger the loss of habitats such as polar ice caps, coral reefs, and mangroves, leading to the displacement and extinction of numerous species. Additionally, changing rainfall patterns can alter the structure and function of ecosystems, affecting the availability of suitable habitats for different species. These changes in habitat composition and distribution can disrupt ecologicalinteractions and lead to cascading effects on biodiversity. Conservation efforts must recognize the dynamic nature of habitats and work towards preserving and restoring ecosystems to maintain biodiversity in the face of climate change.Adaptive Management Strategies:To effectively address the challenges posed by climate change, adaptive management strategies need to be implemented in conservation practices. This involves incorporating flexibility and resilience into conservation plans to account for future climate uncertainties. Adaptive management principles include monitoring and assessing the impacts of climate change on biodiversity, promoting genetic diversity and species migration, and engaging local communities in conservation efforts. Furthermore, integrating climate change data into conservation planning can inform the design of protected areas and corridors that allow for species movement and adaptation. Collaboration among scientists, policymakers, and local communities is crucial in developing and implementing these adaptive strategies.Conclusion:The impact of climate change on biodiversity conservation efforts is significant and requires urgent action. This study has highlighted the potential consequences of climate change on species extinction rates, habitat loss, and ecological disruptions. It emphasizes the need for adaptive management strategies that consider the dynamic nature of habitats and promote resilience in the face of climate uncertainties. Developing effective and sustainable conservationapproaches that integrate climate change considerations will be essential to safeguarding biodiversity in the future.。
毕业论文英文翻译
毕业论文英文翻译Graduation Thesis TranslationAbstract:This graduation thesis aims to investigate the impact of social media on consumer behavior. With the rapid development of technology, social media platforms have become an integral part of people's lives. This study aims to explore whether social media influence consumer decision-making and purchasing behavior, and how it affects brand perception and loyalty. The research methodology used in this study involves collecting and analyzing data from surveys and interviews with consumers. The findings suggest that social media does have a significant impact on consumer behavior, as it can influence consumers' opinions, preferences, and purchase decisions. Additionally, it was found that social media plays a crucial role in building brand loyalty. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of social media marketing and provides valuable insights for businesses to effectively reach and engage with their target audience in the digital age.Chapter 1: Introduction1.1 Background1.2 Research Objectives1.3 Research Questions1.4 Significance of the Study1.5 Thesis StructureChapter 2: Literature Review2.1 Definition and Concept of Social Media2.2 Consumer Behavior and Decision-Making Process2.3 Social Media Influence on Consumer Behavior2.4 Social Media Marketing and Brand Perception2.5 Social Media and Brand LoyaltyChapter 3: Research Methodology3.1 Research Design3.2 Data Collection Methods3.3 Sample Selection3.4 Data Analysis TechniquesChapter 4: Findings and Discussion4.1 Analysis of Survey Results4.2 Analysis of Interview Results4.3 Discussion of FindingsChapter 5: Conclusion5.1 Summary of Findings5.2 Implications for Practice5.3 Limitations of the Study5.4 Recommendations for Future ResearchReferencesAppendixNote: Please note that this translation is a general outline of a graduation thesis. The content and structure may vary depending on the specific topic and requirements of the thesis.。
毕业论文英文参考文献与译文
Inventory managementInventory ControlOn the so-called "inventory control", many people will interpret it as a "storage management", which is actually a big distortion.The traditional narrow view, mainly for warehouse inventory control of materials for inventory, data processing, storage, distribution, etc., through the implementation of anti-corrosion, temperature and humidity control means, to make the custody of the physical inventory to maintain optimum purposes. This is just a form of inventory control, or can be defined as the physical inventory control. How, then, from a broad perspective to understand inventory control? Inventory control should be related to the company's financial and operational objectives, in particular operating cash flow by optimizing the entire demand and supply chain management processes (DSCM), a reasonable set of ERP control strategy, and supported by appropriate information processing tools, tools to achieved in ensuring the timely delivery of the premise, as far as possible to reduce inventory levels, reducing inventory and obsolescence, the risk of devaluation. In this sense, the physical inventory control to achieve financial goals is just a means to control the entire inventory or just a necessary part; from the perspective of organizational functions, physical inventory control, warehouse management is mainly the responsibility of The broad inventory control is the demand and supply chain management, and the whole company's responsibility.Why until now many people's understanding of inventory control, limited physical inventory control? The following two reasons can not be ignored:First, our enterprises do not attach importance to inventory control. Especially those who benefit relatively good business, as long as there is money on the few people to consider the problem of inventory turnover. Inventory control is simply interpreted as warehouse management, unless the time to spend money, it may have been to see the inventory problem, and see the results are often very simple procurement to buy more, or did not do warehouse departments .Second, ERP misleading. Invoicing software is simple audacity to call it ERP, companies on their so-called ERP can reduce the number of inventory, inventory control, seems to rely on their small software can get. Even as SAP, BAAN ERP world, the field ofthese big boys, but also their simple modules inside the warehouse management functionality is defined as "inventory management" or "inventory control." This makes the already not quite understand what our inventory control, but not sure what is inventory control.In fact, from the perspective of broadly understood, inventory control, shouldinclude the following:First, the fundamental purpose of inventory control. We know that the so-called world-class manufacturing, two key assessment indicators (KPI) is, customer satisfaction and inventory turns, inventory turns and this is actually the fundamental objective of inventory control.Second, inventory control means. Increase inventory turns, relying solely on the so-called physical inventory control is not enough, it should be the demand and supply chain management process flow of this large output, and this big warehouse management processes in addition to including this link, the more important The section also includes: forecasting and order processing, production planning and control, materials planning and purchasing control, inventory planning and forecasting in itself, as well as finished products, raw materials, distribution and delivery of the strategy, and even customs management processes.And with the demand and supply chain management processes throughout the process, it is the information flow and capital flow management. In other words, inventory itself is across the entire demand and supply management processes in all aspects of inventory control in order to achieve the fundamental purpose, it must control all aspects of inventory, rather than just manage the physical inventory at hand.Third, inventory control, organizational structure and assessment.Since inventory control is the demand and supply chain management processes, output, inventory control to achieve the fundamental purpose of this process must be compatible with a rational organizational structure. Until now, we can see that many companies have only one purchasing department, purchasing department following pipe warehouse. This is far short of inventory control requirements. From the demand and supply chain management process analysis, we know that purchasing and warehouse management is the executive arm of the typical, and inventory control should focus on prevention, the executive branch is very difficult to "prevent inventory" for the simple reason that they assessment indicatorsin large part to ensure supply (production, customer). How the actual situation, a reasonable demand and supply chain management processes, and thus set the corresponding rational organizational structure and is a question many of our enterprisesto exploreThe role of inventory controlInventory management is an important part of business management. In the production and operation activities, inventory management must ensure that both the production plant for raw materials, spare parts demand, but also directly affect the purchasing, sales of share, sales activities. To make an inventory of corporate liquidity, accelerate cash flow, the security of supply under the premise of minimizing Yaku funds, directly affects the operational efficiency. Ensure the production and operation needs of the premise, so keep inventories at a reasonable level; dynamic inventory control, timely, appropriate proposed order to avoid over storage or out of stock; reduce inventory footprint, lower total cost of inventory; control stock funds used to accelerate cash flow.Problems arising from excessive inventory: increased warehouse space andinventory storage costs, thereby increasing product costs; take a lot of liquidity, resultingin sluggish capital, not only increased the burden of payment of interest, etc., would affect the time value of money and opportunity income; finished products and raw materials caused by physical loss and intangible losses; a large number of enterprise resource idle, affecting their rational allocation and optimization; cover the production, operation of the whole process of the various contradictions and problems, is not conducive to improve the management level.Inventory is too small the resulting problems: service levels caused a decline in the profit impact of marketing and corporate reputation; production system caused by inadequate supply of raw materials or other materials, affecting the normal production process; to shorten lead times, increase the number of orders, so order (production) costs; affect the balance of production and assembly of complete sets.NotesInventory management should particularly consider the following two questions:First, according to sales plans, according to the planned production of the goods circulated in the market, we should consider where, how much storage.Second, starting from the level of service and economic benefits to determine howto ensure inventories and supplementary questions.The two problems with the inventory in the logistics process functions.In general, the inventory function:(1)to prevent interrupted. Received orders to shorten the delivery of goods fromthe time in order to ensure quality service, at the same time to prevent out of stock.(2)to ensure proper inventory levels, saving inventory costs.(3)to reduce logistics costs. Supplement with the appropriate time interval compatible with the reasonable demand of the cargo in order to reduce logistics costs, eliminate or avoid sales fluctuations.(4)ensure the production planning, smooth to eliminate or avoid sales fluctuations.(5)display function.(6)reserve. Mass storage when the price falls, reduce losses, to respond to disasters and other contingencies.About the warehouse (inventory) on what the question, we must consider the number and location. If the distribution center, it should be possible according to customer needs, set at an appropriate place; if it is stored in central places to minimize the complementary principle to the distribution centers, there is no place certain requirements. When the stock base is established, will have to take into account are stored in various locations in what commodities.库存管理库存控制在谈到所谓“库存控制”的时候，很多人将其理解为“仓储管理”，这实际上是个很大的曲解。
毕业论文摘要英文翻译
毕业论文摘要英文翻译Abstract:This paper examines the effects of exercise on mental health and well-being. As individuals continue to face increasing levels of stress and anxiety, it is important to explore alternative methods of managing and improving mental well-being. Exercise has been widely recognized as a potential solution, and numerous studies have investigated the relationship between physical activity and mental health. This research aims to synthesize and evaluate existing literature to determine the impact of exercise on mental health outcomes. The study also investigates the mechanisms through which exercise influences mental well-being.The literature review confirms the positive relationship between exercise and mental health. Regular physical activity has been shown to reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, exercise is associated with improved cognitive function and increased self-esteem. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the beneficial effects of exercise, including the release of endorphins, increased blood flow to the brain, and social interaction.Despite the evidence supporting the positive effects of exercise on mental health, barriers exist that prevent individuals from engaging in regular physical activity. These barriers include lack of time, motivation, and access to exercise facilities. Strategies to overcome these barriers are discussed, such as incorporating exercise intodaily routines, setting realistic goals, and utilizing community resources.In conclusion, exercise has a significant positive impact on mental health and well-being. This research highlights the importance of integrating physical activity into daily life, especially in the face of increasing levels of stress and anxiety. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for individuals, healthcare providers, and policymakers. By promoting the benefits of exercise and addressing the barriers to physical activity, society can strive towards improved mental well-being for all.。
论文英文翻译
论文英文翻译Translation of an academic paper into EnglishTranslation of an academic paper into English requires a thorough understanding of both the source language and the target language, as well as a good knowledge of the subject matter. Here are some steps to follow when translating an academic paper:1. Read the original paper: Start by reading the original paper carefully to get an understanding of the main ideas, arguments, and structure. Take note of any technical terms or jargon used.2. Research the subject: If you are not familiar with the subject of the paper, conduct some research to gain a deeper understanding. This will help you grasp complex concepts and ensure accurate translation.3. Identify the target audience: Determine who the intended readership of the translated paper will be. This will help you determine the appropriate level of language and tone to use in the translation.4. Plan the translation: Before starting the translation, make a plan of how you will approach the text. Break it down into smaller sections and set deadlines for each section to ensure a consistent and timely translation.5. Translate sentence by sentence: Start translating the paper sentence by sentence, keeping the meaning and tone of the original intact. Use appropriate grammar and vocabulary in the targetlanguage to convey the same ideas.6. Verify accuracy: Once the translation is complete, go back and review the entire paper to ensure accuracy and consistency. Pay attention to details such as citation formats, footnotes, and references to make sure they adhere to academic standards.7. Proofread and edit: After verifying accuracy, proofread the translation for any errors in grammar, spelling, or punctuation. Additionally, edit the text to refine the language and improve its readability.8. Formatting and final touches: Format the translated paper according to the appropriate academic standards, including fonts, headings, page numbering, and line spacing. Finally, proofread the final version again before submitting it.Remember to consult academic dictionaries, glossaries, and credible resources to ensure accurate translation of specialized terms and concepts. Keep in mind that translation is not simply converting words from one language to another but conveying the intended meaning while maintaining the style and essence of the original text.。
英语议论文经典范文3篇(带翻译)
英语议论文经典范文3篇（带翻译）有很多的同学在写英语作文的时候，也会写一些经典的议论文，小编整理了相关范文，希望会对大家有所帮助！英语作文范文带中文翻译Manyyearsago,themovieabouttheyouthbecameverypopular,everyyear,wecanseeman yhotmoviesabouttheprotagonist’spassedyouth.Peopleliketorecalltheirpassedyouth, whichmakessuchmoviessellgood.ButIfindthecommonthingsaboutthesemovies,alltheprotagonists’youthareaboutfighting,loveandothernegativethings.Iunderstandthedirectors’intention,theywanttotellpeopleyouthisnotperfectandhavingpities.Ofcourse movieisexaggerating,therealyouthisaboutstudying,atleast,mostpeoplehaveworkedso hardtogetintotheiridealcolleges.Whatthemoviesdescribemakeupsomepeople’syouth,forwhichtheydon’thavethechancetoexperience.Weshouldnotbemisledbythesemovies,fortheteenagers,theirjobistostudy,sothattheycanhaveabrightfuture.【翻译】很多年以前，关于青春的电影很受欢迎，此后每年，我们都可以看到很多热门电影是关于主人公逝去的青春。
论文英文摘要翻译
论文英文摘要翻译AbstractThe rapid development of technology has greatly affected various industries, including the education sector. E-learning, as a form of remote education, has gained popularity in recent years. This paper aims to investigate the impact of e-learning on students' learning outcomes and motivation.To achieve this objective, a literature review was conducted to identify the relevant research on e-learning and its effects. The findings show that e-learning has positive effects on students' learning outcomes, such as increased knowledge acquisition and self-directed learning skills. E-learning provides a flexible learning environment, allowing students to access educational resources anytime and anywhere. This convenience enhances students' motivation and engagement in learning activities.However, the effectiveness of e-learning depends on various factors. The quality of the e-learning platform and instructional design plays a crucial role in engaging students and promoting effective learning. In addition, the role of teachers in facilitating e-learning is also important. Teachers' guidance and support are essential in helping students navigate the online learning platform and clarify any doubts.Moreover, the digital divide is a significant challenge in implementing e-learning. Not all students have access to reliable internet connection and necessary technological devices. Therefore, it is crucial to bridge the digital divide to ensure equalopportunities in e-learning.Furthermore, challenges such as limited social interaction and a lack of personalized feedback in e-learning need to be addressed. Efforts should be made to incorporate interactive features and provide timely feedback to promote effective learning and address students' individual needs.In conclusion, e-learning has the potential to positively impact students' learning outcomes and motivation. However, it is crucial to address challenges related to technological infrastructure, instructional design, and teacher support to maximize the benefits of e-learning. Future research should focus on exploring effective strategies for integrating e-learning into traditional educational settings to create a blended learning approach.Keywords: e-learning, learning outcomes, motivation, instructional design, teacher support。
英语翻译专业必翻经典文章英文原文+参考译文
文档简介文档简介一，一， 英语翻译经典文章之英语翻译经典文章之 英文原稿英文原稿 二，二， 中文翻译中文翻译：这篇英语文章的最好翻译版本！不是俺说的，是俺老师说哒！！英文原稿BrianIt seems my only request (It seems my only request (““please, let me sleep please, let me sleep””) is not clear enough, so I made this simple table that can help you when you that can help you when you’’re in doubt. Especially during the night Situa on what to do I’I’m sleeping m sleeping Do not enter my roomYou You’’re not sure if re not sure if I’I’I’m sleeping m sleeping and you want to checkNot your business Don Don’’t enter my room You You’’re under the re under the effect effect of drug of drugs s and you feel like entering my roomDon Don’’t enter my fucking room You saw a super cute video on you tu be and you want me to see it Don Don’’t enter my room Send me the link on FB World war 3 just started Don Don’’t care Don Don’’t enter my fucking room You or one of your friends want to want to ““have fun have fun”” with me I’I’m straight. m straight. m straight. I’I’I’m sorry m sorryDon't even touch my room door You want to clean my room Thanks but Thanks but I’I’I’ll take care of it myself ll take care of it myself Pu n just legalized gay marri agesThat That’’s wonderful! Finally !But don But don’’t enter my roomI’I’m not home m not homeDon Don’’t even think of entering my roomI’I’m m home, it it’’s day me, you knocked and I answered answered ““yes, come in yes, come in”” You can enter my room中文翻译中文翻译小子：小子：我只想好好地睡觉，你不明白吗？！所以，我做了这个简表。
5000字英文论文
5000字英文论文篇一：论文用5000字中英文翻译MCU DescriptionSCM is also known as micro-controller (Microcontroller Unit), commonly used letters of the acronym MCU that it was first used in industrial control. Only a single chip by the CPU chip developed from a dedicated processor. The first design is by a large number of peripherals and CPU on a chip in the computer system, smaller, more easily integrated into a complex and demanding on the volume control device which. INTEL s Z80 is the first designed in accordance with this idea processor, then on the development of microcontroller and dedicated processors have parted ways.Are 8-bit microcontroller early or 4 bits. One of the most successful is the INTEL 8031, for a simple, reliable and good performance was a lot of praise. Then developed in 8031 out of MCS51 MCU Systems. SCM systems based on this system until now are still widely used. With the increased requirements of industrial control field, began a 16-bit microcontroller, because the cost is not satisfactory but have not been very widely used. After 90 years with the great development of consumer electronics, microcontroller technology has been a huge increase. With INTEL i960 series, especially the later series of widely used ARM, 32-bit microcontroller quickly replace high-end 16-bit MCU status and enter the mainstream market. The traditional 8-bit microcontroller performances have been the rapid increase capacity increase compared to 80 the number of times. Currently, high-end 32-bit microcontroller clocked over 300MHz, the performance catching the mid-90 s dedicated processor, while the average model prices fall to one U.S. dollars; the most high-end model only 10 dollars. Modern SCM systems are no longer only in the developmentand use of bare metal environment, a large number of proprietary embedded operating system is widely used in the full range of SCM. The handheld computers and cell phones as the core processing of high-end microcontroller can even use a dedicated Windows and Linux operating systems.SCM is more suitable than the specific processor used in embedded systems, so it was up to the application. In fact the number of SCM is the world s largest computer. Modern human life used in almost every piece of electronic and mechanical products will be integrated single chip. Phone, telephone, calculator, home appliances,electronic toys, handheld computers and computer accessories such as a mouse with a 1-2 in both the Department of SCM. Personal computer will have a large number of SCM in the work. General car with more than 40 SCM, complex industrial control systems may even have hundreds of SCM in the same time work! SCM is not only far exceeds the number of PC and other computing the sum, or even more than the number of human beingsSingle chip, also known as single-chip microcontroller, it is not complete a certain logic chips, but to a computer system integrated into a chip. Equivalent to a micro-computer, and computer than just the lack of a microcontroller I / O devices. General talk: a chip becomes a computer. Its small size, light weight, cheap, for the study, application and development of facilities provided. At the same time, learning to use the MCU is to understand the principle and structure of the computer the best choice. SCM and the computer functions internally with similar modules, such as CPU, memory, parallel bus, the same effect as well, and hard disk memory devices, and different is its performance of these components were relatively weak many of our home computer, but the price is low , usually not more than 10 yuan you can do with it ...... some control for a class is not very complicated electrical work is enough of. We are usingautomatic drum washing machine, smoke hood, VCD and so on appliances which could see its shadow! ...... It is primarily as a control section of the core componentsIt is an online real-time control computer, control-line is that the scene is needed is a stronger anti-jamming ability, low cost, and this is, and off-line computer (such as home PC), the main difference.Single chipMCU is through running, and can be modified. Through different procedures to achieve different functions, in particular special unique features, this is another device much effort needs to be done, some great efforts are very difficult to do. A not very complex functions if the 50 s with the United States developed 74 series, or the 60 s CD4000 series of these pure hardware buttoned, then the circuit must be a large PCB board! But if the United States if the 70 s with a series of successful SCM market, theresult will be a drastic change! Just because you are prepared by microcomputer programs can achieve high intelligence, high efficiency and high reliability!As the microcontroller on the cost-sensitive, so now the dominant software or the lowest level assembly language, which is the lowest level in addition to more than binary machine code language, and as so low why is the use? Many high-level language has reached the level of visual programming Why is not it? The reason is simply that there is no home computer as a single chip CPU, not as hard as a mass storage device. A visualization of small high-level language program which even if only one button, will reach tens of K of size! For the home PC s hard drive in terms of nothing, but in terms of the MCU is not acceptable. SCM in the utilization of hardware resources to be very high for the job so although the original is still in the compilation of a lot of use. The same token,if the giant computer operating system and applications run up to get home PC, home PC, also can not afford to.Can be said that the twentieth century across the three power era, that is, the age of electricity, the electronic age and has entered into the computer age. However, this computer, usually refers to the personal computer, referred to as PC. It consists of the host, keyboard, monitor and other components. Another type of computer, most people do not know how. This computer is to give all kinds of intelligent machines single chip (also known as micro-controller). As the name suggests, this computer system took only a minimal integrated circuit, can be a simple operation and control. Because it is small, usually hidden in the charged mechanical stomach in. It is in the device, like the human brain plays a role, it goes wrong, the whole plant was paralyzed. Now, this microcontroller has a very broad field of use, such as smart meters, real-time industrial control, communications equipment, navigation systems, and household appliances. Once all kinds of products were using SCM, can serve to upgrade the effectiveness of products, often in the product name preceded by the adjective - intelligent, such as intelligent washing machines. Now some technical personnel of factories or other amateur electronics developers to engage in out of certain products, not the circuit is too complicated, that function is too simple and can easily be copied. The reason may be stuck in the product did not use a microcontrolleror other programmable logic device.SCM historySCM was born in the late 20th century, 70, experienced SCM, MCU, SoC three stages.First model1.SCM the single chip microcomputer (Single Chip Microcomputer) stage, mainly seeking the best of the best single form of embedded systemsarchitecture. Innovation model success, laying the SCM and general computer completely different path of development. In the open road of independent development of embedded systems, Intel Corporation contributed.2.MCU the micro-controller (Micro Controller Unit) stage, the main direction of technology development: expanding to meet the embedded applications, the target system requirements for the various peripheral circuits and interface circuits, highlight the object of intelligent control. It involves the areas associated with the object system, therefore, the development of MCU s responsibility inevitably falls on electrical, electronics manufacturers. From this point of view, Intel faded MCU development has its objective factors. In the development of MCU, the most famous manufacturers as the number of Philips Corporation. Philips company in embedded applications, its great advantage, the MCS-51 single-chip micro-computer from the rapid development of the micro-controller. Therefore, when we look back at the path of development of embedded systems, do not forget Intel and Philips in History.Embedded SystemsEmbedded system microcontroller is an independent development path, the MCU important factor in the development stage, is seeking applications to maximize the solution on the chip; Therefore, the development of dedicated single chip SoC trend of the natural form. As the microelectronics, IC design, EDA tools development, application system based on MCU SOC design have greater development. Therefore, the understanding of the microcontroller chip microcomputer can be, extended to the single-chip micro-controller applications.MCU applicationsSCM now permeate all areas of our lives, which is almost difficult to find traces of the field without SCM. Missile navigation equipment,aircraft, all types of instrument control, computer network communications and data transmission, industrial automation, real-time process control and data processing, extensive use of various smart IC card, civilian luxury car security system, video recorder, camera, fully automatic washing machine control, and program-controlled toys, electronic pet, etc., which are inseparable from the microcontroller. Not to mention the area of robot control, intelligent instruments, medical equipment was. Therefore, the MCU learning, development and application of the large number of computer applications and intelligent control of the scientists, engineers.SCM is widely used in instruments and meters, household appliances, medical equipment, aerospace, specialized equipment, intelligent management and process control fields, roughly divided into the following several areas:1. In the application of Intelligent InstrumentsSCM has a small size, low power consumption, controlling function, expansion flexibility, the advantages of miniaturization and ease of use, widely used instrument, combining different types of sensors can be realized Zhuru voltage, power, frequency, humidity, temperature, flow, speed, thickness, angle, length, hardness, elemental, physical pressure measurement. SCM makes use of digital instruments, intelligence, miniaturization, and functionality than electronic or digital circuits more powerful. Such as precision measuring equipment (power meter, oscilloscope, various analytical instrument).2. In the industrial control applicationWith the MCU can constitute a variety of control systems, data acquisition system. Such as factory assembly line of intelligent control 3. In Household AppliancesCan be said that the appliances are basically using SCM, praise from the electric rice, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, color TV, and other audio video equipment, to the electronic weighing equipment, varied, and omnipresent.篇二：毕业论文5000字英文文献翻译(c++)┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 装┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 订┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 线┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书英文翻译英语原文：. Introducing ClassesThe only remaining feature we need to understand before solving our bookstore problem is how to write a data structure to represent our transaction data. In C++ we define our own data structure by defining a class. The class mechanism is one of the most important features in C++. In fact, a primary focus of the design of C++ is to make it possible to define class types that behave as naturally as the built-in types themselves. The library types that we ve seen already, such as istream and ostream, are all defined as classesthat is,they are not strictly speaking part of the language.Complete understanding of the class mechanism requires mastering a lot of information. Fortunately, it is possible to use a class that someone else has written without knowing how to define a class ourselves. In this section, we ll describe a simple class that we canuse in solving our bookstore problem. We ll implement this class in the subsequent chapters as we learn more about types,expressions, statements, and functionsall of which are used in defining classes.To use a class we need to know three things:What is its name? Where is it defined?What operations does it support?For our bookstore problem, we ll assume that the class is named Sales_item and that it is defined in a header named Sales_item.h.The Sales_item ClassThe purpose of the Sales_item class is to store an ISBN and keep track of the number of copies sold, the revenue, and average sales price for that book. How these data are stored or computed is not our concern. To use a class, we need not know anything about how it is implemented. Instead, what we need to know is what operations the class provides.As we ve seen, when we use library facilities such as IO, we must include the associated headers. Similarly, for our own classes, we must make the definitions associated with the class available to the compiler. We do so in much the same way. Typically, we put the class definition into a file. Any program that wants to use our class must include that file. Conventionally, class types are stored in a file with a name that, like the name of a program source file, has two parts: a file name and a file suffix. Usually the file name is the same as the class defined in the header. The suffix usually is .h, but some programmers use .H, .hpp, or .hxx. Compilers usually aren t picky about header file names, but IDEs ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊┊ ┊ ┊ 装┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 订┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 线┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书sometimes are. We ll assume that our class is defined in a file named Sales_item.h.Operations on Sales_item ObjectsEvery class defines a type. The type name is the same as the name of the class. Hence, our Sales_item class defines a type namedSales_item. As with the built-in types, we can define a variable of a class type. When we write Sales_item item we are saying that item is an object of type Sales_item. We often contract the phrase an object of type Sales_item to aSales_ item object or even more simply to a Sales_item. In addition to being able to define variables of type Sales_item, we can perform the following operations on Sales_item objects:Use the addition operator, +, to add two Sales_items,Use the input operator, to read a Sales_item object,Use the output operator, to write a Sales_item object,Use the assignment operator, =, to assign one Sales_item object to another,Call the same_isbn function to determine if two Sales_items refer to the same book.Classes are central to most C++ programs: Classes let us define our own types that are customizedfor the problems we need to solve, resulting in applications that are easier to write andunderstand.Well-designed class types can be as easy to use as the built-in types.A class defines data and function members: The data members store the state associated with objectsof the class type, and the functions perform operations that give meaning to the data. Classeslet us separate implementation and interface. The interface specifies the operations that the classsupports. Only the implementor of the class need know or care about the details of the implementation. This separation reduces the bookkeeping aspects that make programming tedious anderror-prone.Class types often are referred to as abstract data types. An abstract data type treats the data(state) and operations on that state as a single unit. We can think abstractly about what the classd oes, rather than always having to be aware of how the class operates. Abstract data types arefundamental to both object-oriented and generic programming.Data abstraction is a programming (and design) technique that relies on the separation of interfaceand implementation. The class designer must worry about how a class is implemented, but programmersthat use the class need not know about these details. Instead, programmers who use a type need to know only the type s interface; they can think abstractly about what the type does rather than concretely about how the type works. Encapsulation is a term that describes the technique of combining lower-level elements to forma new, higher-level entity. A function is one form of encapsulation: The detailed actions performedby the function are encapsulated in the larger entity that is the function itself. Encapsulated elements hide the details of their implementationwe may call ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 装┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 订┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 线┊ ┊ ┊ ┊┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书a function but have no access to the statements that it executes. In the same way, a class is an encapsulated entity: It represents an aggregation of several members, and most (well-designed) class types hide the members that implement the type.If we think about the library vector type, it is an example of both data abstraction and encapsulation. It is abstract in that to use it, we think about its interfaceabout the operations that it can perform. It is encapsulated because we have no access to the details of how the type is representated nor to any of its implementation artifacts. An array, on the other hand, is similar in concept to a vector but is neither abstract nor encapsulated. We manipulate an array directly by accessing the memory in which the array is stored.Not all types need to be abstract. The library pair class is a good example of a useful, well-designed class that is concrete rather thanabstract. A concrete class is a class that exposes, rather than hides, its implementation.Some classes, such as pair, really have no abstract interface. The pair type exists to bundle two data members into a single object. There is no need or advantage to hiding the data members. Hiding the members in a class like pair would only complicate the use of the type.Even so, such types often have member functions. In particular, it is a good idea for any class that has data members of built-in or compound type to define constructor(s) to initialize those members. The user of the class could initialize or assign to the data members but it is less error-prone for the class to do so.Programmers tend to think about the people who will run their applications as users. Applicationsare designed for and evolve in response to feedback from those who ultimately use the applications. Classes are thought of in a similar way: A class designer designs and implements a class for users of that class. In this case, the user is a programmer, not the ultimate user of the application.Authors of successful applications do a good job of understanding and implementing the needs ofthe application s users. Similarly,well-designed, useful classes are designed with a close attention to the needs of the users of the class.In another way, the division between class designer and class user reflects the division betweenusers of an application and the designers and implementors of the application. Users care only if the application meets their needs in a cost-effective way. Similarly, users of a class care only about its interface. Good class designers define a class interface that is intuitive and easy to use. Users care about the implementation only in so far as the implementation affects their use of the class. If the implementation is too slow or puts burdens on users ofthe class, then the users must care. In well-designed classes, only the class designer worries about the implementation.In simple applications, the user of a class and the designer of the class might be one┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 装┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 订┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 线┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书and the same person. Even in such cases, it is useful to keep the roles distinct. When designing the interface to a class, the class designer should think about how easy it will be to use the class. When using the class, the designer shouldn t think about how the class works.When referring to a user, the context makes it clear which kind of user is meant. If we speak of user code or the user of the Sales_item class, we mean a programmer who is using a class in writing an application. If we speak of the user of the bookstore application, we mean the manager of the store who is running the application.Data abstraction and encapsulation provide two important advantages: 1.Class internals are protected from inadvertent user-level errors, which might corrupt the state of the object.2.The class implementation may evolve over time in response to changing requirements or bug reports without requiring change inuser-level code.By defining data members only in the private section of the class, the class author is free to make changes in the data. If the implementation changes, only the class code needs to be examined to see what affect the change may have. If data are public, then any function that directly accesses the data members of the old representation might be broken. Itwould be necessary to locate and rewrite all those portions of code that relied on the old pesentation before the program could be used again. Similarly, if the internal state of the class is private, then changes to the member data can happen in only a limited number of places. The data is protected from mistakes that users might introduce. If there is a bug that corrupts the object s state, the places to look for the bug are localized: When data are private, only a member function could be responsible for the error. The search for the mistake is limited, greatly easing the problems of maintenance and program correctness.If the data are private and if the interface to the member functions does not change, then user functions that manipulate class objects require no change.Because changing a class definition in a header file effectively changes the text of every source file that includes that header, code that uses a class must be recompiled when the class changes.Classes are the most fundamental feature in C++. Classes let us define new types that are tailored to our own applications, making our programs shorter and easier to modify.Data abstractionthe ability to define both data and function membersand encapsulationthe ability to protect class members from general accessare fundamental to classes. Member functions define the interface to the class. We encapsulate the class by making the data and functions used by the implementation of a class private.Classes may define constructors, which are special member functions that control how┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 装┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 订┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 线┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊安徽工业大学毕业设计（论文）说明书objects of the class are initialized. Constructors may be verloaded. Every constructor should initialize every data member. Constructors should use a constructor initializer list to initialize the data members. Initializer lists are lists of namevalue pairs where the name is a member and the value is an initial value for that member.Classes may grant access to their nonpublic members to other classes or functions. A class grants access by making the class or function a friend.Classes may also define mutable or static members. A mutable member is a data member that is never const; its value may be changed inside a const member function. A static member can be either function or data; static members exist independently of the objects of the class type. Copy ControlEach type, whether a built-in or class type, defines the meaning of a (possibly empty) set of operations on objects of that type. We can add two int values, run size on a vector, and so on. These operations define what can be done with objects of the given type.Each type also defines what happens when objects of the type are created. Initialization of objects of class type is defined by constructors. Types also control what happens when objects of the type are copied, assigned, or destroyed. Classes control these actions through special member functions: the copy constructor, the assignment operator, and the destructor. This chapter covers these operations.When we define a new type, we specifyexplicitly or implicitlywhat happens when objects of that type are copied, assigned, and destroyed. We do so by defining special members: the copy constructor, the assignment operator, and the destructor. If we do not explicitly define the copy constructor or the assignment operator, the compiler will (usually) define them for us.The copy constructor is a special constructor that has a single parameter that is a (usually const) reference to the class type. The copy constructor is used explicitly when we define a new object and initialize it from an object of the same type. It is used implicitly when we pass or return objects of that type to or from functions.Collectively, the copy constructor, assignment operator, and destructor are referred to as copy control. The compiler automatically implements these operations, but the class may define its own versions. Copy control is an essential part of defining any C++ class. Programmers new to C++ are often confused by having to define what happens when objects arecopied, assigned, or destroyed. This confusion is compounded because if we do not explicitly define these operations, the compiler defines them for usalthough they might not behave as we intend.Often the compiler-synthesized copy-control functions are finethey do exactly the篇三：毕业设计的5000字英文文献翻译外文及翻译英语原文 Android Application FundamentalsAndroid applications are written in the Java programming language. The Android SDK tools compile the code—along with any data and resource files—into an Android package, an archive file with an .apk suffix. All the code in a single .apk file is considered to be one application and is the file that Android-powered devices use to install the application. Once installed on a device, each Android application lives in its own security sandbox: ? The Android operating system is a multi-user Linux system in which eachapplication is a different user.? By default, the system assigns each application a unique Linux user ID (the ID is used only by the system and is unknown to the application). The system setspermissions for all the files in an application so that only the user ID assigned to that application can access them.? Each process has its own virtual machine (VM), so an application s code runs in isolation from other applications.? By default, every application runs in its own Linux process. Android starts the process when any of the application s components need to be executed, then shuts down the process when it s no longer needed or when the system must recovermemory for other applications.In this way, the Android system implements the principle of least privilege. That is, each application, by default, has access only to the components that it requires to do its work and no more. This creates a very secure environment in which an application cannot access parts of the system for which it is not given permission.However, there are ways for an application to share data with other applications and for an application to access system services:? It s possible to arrange for two applications to share the same Linux user ID, in whichcase they are able to access each other s files. To conserve system resources,applications with the same user ID can also arrange to run in the same Linux processand share the same VM (the applications must also be signed with the samecertificate).。
一篇经济类英文论文（含中文翻译）
The Problem of Social Cost 社会成本问题RONALD COASE 罗纳德·科斯Ronald Coase is Professor Emeritus at University of Chicago LawSchool and a Nobel Laureate in Economics. This article is fromThe Journal of Law and Economics (October 1960). Several passages devoted to extended discussions of legal decisions have been omitted. 罗纳德·科斯在芝加哥大学法学院名誉教授和诺贝尔经济学奖得主。
本文是其外法学与经济学杂志（1960年10月）。
专门的法律问题的决定的延伸讨论的几个段落已被省略。
I.THE PROBLEM TO BE EXAMINED This paper is concerned with those actions of business firms which have harm-ful effects on others. The standard example is that of a factory the smoke from which has harmful effects on those occupying neighbouring properties. The economic analysis of such a situation has usually proceeded in terms of a divergence between the private and social product of the factory, in which economists have largely followed the treatment of Pigou in The Economies of Welfare. The conclusion to which this kind of analysis seems to have led most economists is that it would be desirable to make the owner of the factory li-able for the damage caused to those injured by the smoke, or alternatively, to place a tax on the factory owner varying with the amount of smoke produced and equivalent in money terms to the damage it would cause, or finally, to exclude the factory from residential districts (and presumably from other areas in which the emission of smoke would have harmful effects on others). It is my contention that the suggested courses of action are inappropriate, in that they lead to results which are not necessarily, or even usually, desirable. 一、要检查的问题本文关注的是这些行动的企业有伤害他人有用的影响。
毕业论文英文文献翻译
毕业论文英文文献翻译The translation of a 700-word English literature for a graduation thesis would take a considerable amount of time and effort. Due to limitations in this platform, it is not feasible to provide a high-quality translation within the given word count.However, I can provide you with some guidelines and key points that can help you translate the literature on your own:1. Read the literature thoroughly and understand its main arguments and ideas.2. Make a list of keywords and important terms mentioned in the literature.3. Research the keywords and terms to understand their accurate translations in your target language.4. Identify the main structure and flow of the literature.5. Start translating paragraph by paragraph, making sure to preserve the original meaning and tone of the text.6. Use appropriate transition words and phrases to ensure coherence and logical progression in your translation.7. Proofread and revise your translation multiple times to correct any grammatical or syntactical errors.It is crucial to note that translating academic literature requires a deep understanding of the subject matter and proficiency in both languages. If you are not confident in your translation skills, it might be wise to seek professional help or consult a native speaker proficient in both languages.Remember that the translation of academic literature is animportant step in any graduation thesis, so it's essential to give ample time and attention to the task.。
论文英文翻译最终版
序号（学号）：040940131长春光华学院毕业设计（论文）译文Electronic technique电子技术姓名盛遵义教学院电气信息学院专业电子信息工程班级电信09401指导教师张淑艳（讲师）2013 年04 月10 日┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊┊Electronic techniqueFrom the world of radio in the world to a single chip， modern computer technology， industrial revolution， the world economy from the capital into the economy to knowledge economy。
Field in the electronic world， from the 20th century into the era of radio to computer technology in the 21st century as the center of the intelligent modern era of electronic systems。
The basic core of modern electronic systems are embedded computer systems (referred to as embedded systems)， while the microcontroller is the most typical and most extensive and most popular embedded systems。
radio has created generations of excellence in the world Fifties and sixties in the 20th century，the most representative of the advanced electronic technology is wireless technology， including radio broadcasting， radio，wireless communications (telegraph)，Amateur Radio， radio positioning，navigation and other telemetry， remote control， remote technology。
论文翻译举例英文作文范文
论文翻译举例英文作文范文英文，As an English-Chinese bilingual, I often find myself translating various types of documents, including academic papers. Here, I'll provide an example of a translated English essay into Chinese, adhering to the specified format.中文，作为一名英中双语者，我经常发现自己需要翻译各种类型的文件，包括学术论文。
在这里，我将提供一个将英文文章翻译成中文的例子，符合指定的格式。
英文，Imagine you're writing an essay on the impact of technology on modern education. Here's an excerpt from the introduction:Technology has revolutionized the landscape of modern education, bringing both opportunities and challenges. In today's interconnected world, classrooms are no longer confined to physical spaces; instead, they extend to virtual realms where students engage with educationalmaterials through online platforms and digital tools. This transformation has democratized access to knowledge, allowing learners from diverse backgrounds to participatein educational experiences previously inaccessible to them.中文：想象一下，你正在撰写一篇关于技术对现代教育的影响的论文。
本科毕业设计(论文)英文翻译模板
本科毕业设计（论文）英文翻译论文标题(中文)学院******姓名***专业*******班级**********大气探测2班学号*************** 大气探测、信处、两个专业填写电子信息工程。
生物医学工程、电子信息科学与技术、雷电防护科学与技术As its name implies, region growing is a procedure that groups pixels or subregions into larger regions based on predefined criteria. The basic approach is to start with a set of “seed ” points and from these grow regions by appending to each seed those gray level or color).be used to assignpixels to regions during the centroid of these clusters can be used as seeds.… … …左右手共面波导的建模与带通滤波器设计速发展之势，而它的出现却是源于上世纪本研究提出了一种新型混合左右手（CPW ）的独特功能。
目前这种有效电长度为0°的新型混合左右手共面波导（CRLH CPW ）谐振器正在兴起，这种谐振器工作在5GHz 时的体积比常规结构的谐振器缩减小49.1%。
有关图、表等表格和图片必须有说明，宋体五号公式：公式的编号用括号起写在右边行末，其间不加虚线。
图、表、公式等与正文之间要有6磅的行间距。
文中的图、表、附注、公式一律采用阿拉伯数字分章连续编号。
如：图2-5，表3-2，公式（5-1）等。
若图或表中有附注，采用英文小写字母顺序编号，附注写在图或表的下方。
学士学位英文作文翻译模板
学士学位英文作文翻译模板Bachelor's Degree English Essay Translation Template。
The Importance of Pursuing a Bachelor's Degree。
Introduction。
In today's competitive job market, having a bachelor's degree has become increasingly important. Employers are looking for candidates who have the knowledge, skills, and expertise that come with completing a four-year degree program. In this essay, we will explore the significance of pursuing a bachelor's degree and the benefits it can bring to individuals in their personal and professional lives.Academic and Intellectual Growth。
One of the primary reasons to pursue a bachelor's degree is the opportunity for academic and intellectual growth. A four-year degree program provides students with a comprehensive education in their chosen field of study, allowing them to develop a deep understanding of the subject matter. Through coursework, research projects, and hands-on learning experiences, students can expand their knowledge and critical thinking skills, preparing them for success in their future careers.Career Opportunities。
三级英语翻译作文模板范文
三级英语翻译作文模板范文Title: Three-level English Translation Composition Template。
Introduction:English translation is an important skill for language learners, and it requires practice and dedication to master. In this article, we will explore a three-level English translation composition template to help students improve their translation skills.Level 1: Basic Translation。
The first level of English translation focuses on basic vocabulary and sentence structure. Students should start by translating simple sentences and phrases from their native language to English. For example, they can practice translating common greetings, basic questions, and simple descriptions. This level is designed to help students become familiar with the fundamentals of English translation and build their confidence in using the language.Level 2: Intermediate Translation。
毕业论文的英文翻译
毕业论文的英文翻译In recent years, with the rapid development of education and the improvement of people's living standards, an increasing number of students are pursuing higher education and completing their graduation theses at colleges and universities. The graduation thesis is an important symbol of a student's academic accomplishments and a reflection of their knowledge and abilities in their respective fields.The graduation thesis is a comprehensive academic research paper that requires students to independently conduct research, analyze data, and provide original insights in their chosen field. It is not only the culmination of a student's academic journey but also an opportunity for them to demonstrate their research skills and critical thinking abilities.Writing a graduation thesis is a challenging task that requires careful planning, systematic organization, and advanced research methods. It is a time-consuming process that involves several stages, including the selection of a research topic, the review of relevant literature, the design and implementation of research methods, the analysis of research results, and the writing and presentation of the final thesis. Students are often required to work closely with a faculty advisor who provides guidance and support throughout the process.The graduation thesis is not only an academic exercise but also an opportunity for students to make a meaningful contribution to their fields of study. It provides them with a platform to explore new research areas, address relevant research questions, and proposeinnovative solutions to existing problems. Through their research, students can contribute valuable knowledge and insights that can benefit both the academic community and society as a whole.Furthermore, writing a graduation thesis helps students develop essential skills that are highly valued in the professional world. These include critical thinking, problem-solving, research and analysis, communication, and time management skills. The process of conducting research and writing a thesis also requires students to apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios, enhancing their overall understanding and proficiency in their chosen field.In conclusion, the graduation thesis is an important milestone in a student's educational journey. Through the process of conducting research, analyzing data, and writing the thesis, students not only demonstrate their academic achievements but also develop valuable skills that will benefit them in their future careers. The graduation thesis is not only a personal accomplishment but also a contribution to the academic community and society as a whole.。
华语翻译英文作文模板
华语翻译英文作文模板Title: The Importance of Learning English。
Introduction。
English is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world and is considered as the global language of communication. It is the official language of 53 countries and is spoken by over 1.5 billion people worldwide. In today's globalized world, the ability to communicate effectively in English is essential for success in both personal and professional life. Therefore, it is important for everyone to learn and master the English language.Body。
1. Academic and Career Opportunities。
Learning English opens up a world of academic and career opportunities. Many of the top universities in the world offer courses and programs in English, and proficiency in the language is often a requirement for admission. Additionally, in the professional world, English is the language of international business and is often a prerequisite for many job positions. Having a strong command of English can significantly increase one's chances of success in both academic and professional endeavors.2. Access to Information and Resources。
作文征稿英文翻译格式
作文征稿英文翻译格式英文，Writing an essay for submission involves a few key elements to consider. Firstly, it's crucial to choose a topic that you're passionate about or have a strong opinion on. This ensures that you'll be engaged and motivated throughout the writing process. For example, if you're interested in environmental issues, you might choose to write about the impact of plastic pollution on marine life.Secondly, conducting thorough research is essential. This not only helps you gather relevant information to support your arguments but also enhances the credibility of your essay. You can use various sources such as books, academic journals, and reputable websites. When discussing your research findings, remember to cite your sources properly to avoid plagiarism.Next, crafting a compelling thesis statement is vital. This statement succinctly summarizes the main point or argument of your essay and sets the tone for the entirepiece. It should be clear, concise, and debatable. For instance, if your essay is about the benefits of exercise, your thesis statement could be: "Regular physical activity not only improves physical health but also enhances mental well-being."Furthermore, structuring your essay effectively helps ensure clarity and coherence. A typical essay structure includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. In the introduction, provide background information on the topic and present your thesis statement. Each body paragraph should focus on a single point or argument, supported by evidence and analysis. Finally, the conclusion should restate the thesis and summarize the main pointswhile leaving a lasting impression on the reader.Lastly, don't forget to revise and edit your essay before submission. This step is crucial for polishing your writing and correcting any errors in grammar, punctuation,or spelling. It's also helpful to seek feedback from peersor instructors to gain different perspectives and improve the overall quality of your essay.Overall, writing a successful essay for submission requires careful planning, thorough research, effective structuring, and meticulous editing. By following these steps and incorporating your own unique voice and perspective, you can create an engaging and impactful piece of writing.中文，写作文征稿需要考虑几个关键要素。
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刑事法律局限性的表现对于什么是可接受的行为，法律是主讲老师并指导着每一代人。
在美国的土地上，法律就是胡说八道的。
简介过去十年，法律学者越来越多地关注刑事法律影响社会规范和社会化方式的方式。
虽然这些想法并不完全是创新的，但刑事法律在社会建设中的作用却重新得到了关注和显现。
最近的奖学金提醒我们刑事法律在预防犯罪、实施法律制裁方面，不仅是不受欢迎的行为，而且也通过便利的陈文制裁，还会产生闲话、排斥、和丧失就业机会等副作用。
刑事法律不仅规范机会而且也规范首要的事项。
刑事法律不仅仅会提高不合法的行为的代价而且法律还教育公民如何避免这些毫无价值的行为。
有关术语和分类方面的分歧已经让奖学金这一新机构班的模糊不清，也许法律并不是解决这些问题的必要方法。
毫不夸张的说，刑法同时承担着多种相关和重叠的任作用。
这些作用包括：(1) 改变某些行为的社会意义，降低不受欢迎的行为和增加某些具有良好社会意义的行为的青睐；(2) 增加社会不法行为的制裁和减少对社会不法行为的奖励；(3) 增加社会回报和减少对偏隘行为的社会制裁；(4) 支持的执行机构符合社会规范的行为和制止不合法的社会规范的执行机制；(5) 使社会成员内化受认可的的社会规范和拒绝不受欢迎的社会规范；(6) 改变人们行为的方式，减少不合法行为，增减合法行为。
我更倾向于把刑法的这些作用看作为刑法的表达功能。
在这篇文章中，我将努力突出说明有关刑法表达方面的一些被忽略了的某些重要的特征和局限性，通过将这些元素融入到深究之中，我会尽力增加我们对刑法如何发挥作用的理解，尤其是法律为什么不能按照预先设想进行工作。
刑法的含义往往并不是一清二楚的：刑法经常会产生误解和争议。
在社会中，刑法更多的不仅仅是社会强制力，流行文化，媒体，宗教机构，弥漫性社会群体和其它权力网络都具有着重要的意义和作用。
当投入的工作，《刑法》可以将其竞争对手移动到行动里。
尽管其特定的强制力，《刑法》可以被抵抗所淹没的，并当发生这种情况，刑事法律的表达功能不会只有失败，它会适得其反。
为了更好地理解这些动态，我将密切关注富有表现力的刑事法律操作的一个示例。
该示例来自毒品犯罪的政策领域。
药物政策是好的工具，要检查操作的表达法，一部分原因是由于毒品犯罪的性质，使国家更多地依靠富有表现力的战术。
毒品犯罪没有离散的受害者可以报告犯罪，因此有助于监察及执法行动，因为它相对更重要的是控制行为的状态所塑造的含义和首选项。
毫不奇怪，自觉与表现力的药物政策会影响有关国家。
药物政策旨在"传达直接消息—药物使用是危险的、是错的和不能容忍"。
威廉〃贝内特，思想之父的药物禁止的现代阶段已往往谈到和在合理政策中显示为利己、富有表现力的条款。
" 哈钦森，原任团长U.S.Drug 执法当局，已发布的药物政策教育学、品味塑造出一个作用：如果我们作为一个国家想要阻止吸食毒品的危害不只是个人，作为一个整体的社会，我们怎么做呢？嗯，我相信我们通过法律可以做得到，说它是错的，因为它是有害的。
我们的法律反映社会的价值观。
法律是主讲老师和指导每一代人区分什么是可接受的行为。
毒品犯罪法律的目的是要表达其影响：他们的目的是要构造（作为不安全和不道德）毒品的社会意义，支持反对使用毒品，社会规范，塑造行为者在他们不愿意使用或交易毒品的方式的首选项。
我会研究如何表达毒品法律在城市少数民族社区街道亚文化中的作用，但我不能精确地界定这种亚文化。
与其他任何亚文化相比，它不同的情况不只是个人是或不是其中一员，它更多是说个人或大或小的同它确定的真实程度上。
成员，换句话说，是程度的问题。
其结果是，给予严格定义的任何企图都将变得任意和迷糊不清。
有些国家采用了多种搜索条件，所指的就是这个社会的部分："城市贫民，""黑下层社会"，"犹太文化，""街头文化"和"嘻哈文化"等等。
我的意思是说主要是贫民窟居民，但我并不是生活在黑人区的所有人都是。
伊莱贾〃安德森描述了非洲裔美国人社区和内部司之间"体面民间"和"街头民间"的城市冲突。
" 我关注的是后者，甚至在我将松散地称之为"街头文化"内, 有多样性、分歧和冲突以及含糊不清和有争议的许多社会规范和社会意义 (作为其他地方）的街头文化。
矛盾的贫民区的生活，虽然他们做法只是排除简单的结论，但不呈现应力文化的分析是不可能的；事实上，这些含糊之处正是是故事的核心部分。
在本文中，我将"处理这些蕴含在在街头文化里的最棘手的深刻矛盾和多层次的声音和所表达的主题"。
街头文化是进行分析的重要场所，因为街头文化的成员都是药物政策似乎给人最直接处理的观众。
我们的民族意识，在一些大的程度上我涉及着城市少数民族社区的毒品问题：贫民区被视为毒品"源"问题的最严重的地方或毒品问题。
街头文化的成员都很可能会面临的毒品犯罪，特别是监禁中特定（和特别严重）制裁和刑事制裁"。
这些制裁的目的，部分是支持禁毒规范，"教"人药品是危险和不道德的。
描述性的社会学这篇文章表明《刑法》在该项目中的某些方面并没有成功，在一些方面它反而产生了适得其反的效果。
第二部分将描述街头意识形态和裂缝处理的社会意义和大麻使用。
除了传统的城市社会学的作品，我亦会研究各种各样的主要来源，包括嘻哈音乐、电影、杂志、诗歌和回忆录。
这些文化的案文表示的街头文化的成员所共享的含义，他们让我们看到街头的成员文化本身如何描述的毒品和毒品的法律含义。
这种案文在塑造在街头上的社会意义上还起到重要作用"。
在较小程度上，我将依靠访谈和我与现有和前期的用户和在康涅狄格州纽黑文的经销商，在2000 年至 2002年年间举行的非正式交谈的期间。
在第三部分，我将概述几个相关的概念，从社会学理论，包括应变理论、微分协会、贴标理论和理论的象征性行为。
这些概念将有助于解释为什么富有表现力的刑事法律会出现适得其反的效果。
第四部分将用于解释法律在第二和第三部分以及在规范奖学金中得出的结论。
街头文化的成员生活在社会的底层。
由于其在历史中处于从属地位，他们不信任主流机构和法律，尤其是《刑法》。
当刑法试图给他们一个有关毒品的教训时，他们怀疑别有用心。
重新实施刑事制裁上街头文化的成员挑起许多拒绝诚意和药物政策的正义。
作为回应，一些寻求叛乱和富有表现力的反对派的会把它用做手段。
药物政策本身具有叛乱和阻力的含义；和投资毒品犯罪，因此它削弱了其本身表达的目标。
药物政策和街头的意识形态街头文化是同主流社会疏远了的一种意识。
许多分析师注意到黑色的下层阶级有"对立违抗性文化"的特征，拒绝或甚至将反转主流"中产阶级"的价值。
有一些在关于这些索赔中，正确的东西却没有进一步阐述，存在肤浅和误导性。
这不是在街头文化拒绝所有的主流价值观，（就象这样的事，甚至有可能）。
因此，我们应该问：街头文化拒绝哪些值，为什么会这样？在有规范的街头文化中，采取奖励行动，被认为是"真正"或"正规的，" 而惩罚行动，被视为"行事白色"或"倔傲不逊"。
但只说明这些规范的一般性的原则，高一级的存在几乎没说明了什么，我们必须对行动得了哪些标签，以及为什么进行更深入、丰富的社会学探索。
在街头文化的社会学帐户中，我们应小心，不要假设其基本路径的性质，这事说起来似乎很容易做。
三十年以来出版的白社会学死亡，很难知道是否事情已经改变了哪怕很少的社会学家最初的学术方式，包括法律学院和更广泛的有关黑人区文化观点。
很多时候，我们假定街头文化是"虚无、非政治化，或只是毫无价值的，"和我们的黑色工人阶级的整个概念"用以作为我们喜欢的人区别于的不喜欢的人道德范畴，我们不能这样做，例如莫斯从安迪的黑人。
" Gwaltney 的受访者之一的名言所说：“我认为这人类学只是叫我黑鬼另一种方式罢了。
”病理学的假设是有辱人格和歧视性的理论方法。
这是一个错误的思想，作为东西本质就像是"一个少年，" 像白大写和反抗父母的中产阶层青少年街头文化的反对党。
街头文化包括年轻或年长的声音，决不是股脑儿不应从辩论与低龄的一种战术的公民的声音。
同时，我们应避免美化街道的思想，我们不应假定叛乱分子在街上是领导我们前进的英勇青年马克思主义者或者回到六十年代的荣耀。
街头文化和生活条件差的的聚居区，发生在那里的故事很多方面都是悲惨的。
意识形态的大街上，正如我将描述它，不一定应该是庆祝的东西。
但即使我们看到街头文化中存在的问题，我们必须问：刑事法律是有效的解决办法吗？甚至那些街头令人反感的人的思想，我们至少应设法了解它。
如果我们想要分析法如何形成规范，我们必须先了解什么规范存在于现实世界。
此外，即使我们想要使用刑法来取代破坏系统的规范，我们应该首先尝试理解赞同我们的目标受众的含义。
要解雇一开始就作为无知和明显假的街道思想不会有助于帮助我们减少犯罪：即使街头的看法是不准确的，他们仍以行动者的交互的方式挑战刑事法律，表达法寻求与特定区域性中参与者的话语。
它旨在"与他们匡威，问题存在很大的难度，而非仅与陌生人，比通常认识到要广"。
要同亚文化的对话，法律必须首先设法了解参加者们的含义；反身性的谴责或许只会成倍增加对话的困难。
街头文化的声音往往作为专属、种族主义，和敌对的主导文化的概念内涵。
街头文化里异化的痛苦的表达式和嘻哈的所有形式的艺术无处不在。
所以你说你从未听说过内城蓝军。
并且更重要的是你不知道在贫民窟乡亲背后墙上的生活有何指，一点不知道吗？然后换上你最好的西装，白衬衫和鞋子，来市中心站找了一份洗碗的工作，但你可能不符合资格......再去寻找一个居住的地方，然而什么也没找到。
当你为他们开始的战术的作用而感到沮丧时，你可以认识到他们是内城蓝军。
它会让你想要吼一声，举起你的双手。
大街上的很多人不信任社会的主流机构，包括教育制度、教会、媒体、好莱坞、医疗机构、美国的公司和经济系统的机构。
贫民窟居民认为素质教育是仅供有钱人，差的黑人学校被故意剥夺了充足的教学资源。
此外，街头文化的一些成员认为公立学校系统教宣传目的是要保持他们的下属的系统：控制学校系统的同一人控制监狱系统和整个社会系统。
自那时起，试图注意但他们奴役类并不对此感兴趣，他们眼里似乎只有荣耀欧洲人并声称非洲人只有一人的五分之三。
他们学校不能教我们狗屎。
告诉我白人在于直接讲废话。
学校就像一个十二步洗脑的营地。