ESLPod_256_Guide
eslpod-学习计划
备注： 1、自我学习进度管理表格。 2、操作方法如下，假设你在12月3பைடு நூலகம்晚上9点学习了第一期，那么你在24小时之内，也就是10月 1日晚上9点内复习一次，然后第五天10月4日要复习一次，第七天10月6日要复习一次，第十五 天10月14日要复习一次，依次类推。 3、每次学习一期，都要把要复习的日期都写上去，等自己完成了一次复习任务，就画上勾。 4、复习是只填写Cloze，填一次或者几次都可以，但是最好不要五次以内。 5、你不必每天都学习新的内容，但是要保证每天都有一定的复习量。 6、这个表格还可以用来背单词，使用艾宾浩斯曲线记忆法，效果不错，你懂得。
学习计划
A Day in the Life of Jeff
第一期 第二期 第三期 第四期 第五期 第六期 第七期 第八期 第九期 第十期 当日 24时 5天 7天 15天 30天
Interview Questions Answered
当日 24时
第一期 第二期 第三期 第四期 第五期 第六期 第七期 第八期 第九期 第十期
5天 7天
15天 30天
Using English at Work
第一期 第二期 第三期 第四期 第五期 第六期 第七期 第八期 第九期 第十期 当日 24时 5天 7天 15天 30天
English for Business Meetings
第一期 第二期 第三期 第四期 第五期 第六期 第七期 第八期 第九期 第十期 当日 24时 5天 7天 15天 30天
ESLPod_400_Guide
ESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End Job GLOSSARYemployment agency – a business that helps people find jobs* DeShawn had been looking for a job for almost six months, so he decided to go to an employment agency to get some professional help.dead end job – a job that does not have opportunities for the future; a job that does not lead to another job with greater responsibilities, importance, and pay* Working at a fast food restaurant is a dead end job for many people, so they usually don’t stay there more than a few months.advancement – promotion; moving up within an organization from an unimportant position to one with more responsibility and better pay* Cailee wants to find a job with a lot of opportunities for advancement so that she will always be challenged in her work.pay scale – a system that sets a minimum and maximum payment amount to each kind of job in a business or organization* According to the company pay scale, a senior manager makes between$75,000 and $92,000 per year.pay raise – an increase in one’s salary; an increase in the amount of money that one is paid for working* Most employees get a pay raise at the end of their first year if they are good workers.employment history – a record of where one has worked in the past and for how long* His employment history shows that he spent four years in the army before beginning to work in sales.mind-numbing – boring; extremely uninteresting* That class is so mind-numbing that most of the students fall asleep in the first half-hour!menial – boring and unimportant; uninteresting because something is too easy to do* During her first day at work, they gave her the menial task of writing addresses on envelopes. She was so bored!ESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End Jobto burn out – to no longer be able to do something because one has done too much of it in the past and is too bored, tired, or sick to continue* Young lawyers who work 70 hours each week often burn out by the end of their third year.glass ceiling – the idea that people, especially women, who work in an organization can see the top managers and presidents but can never become one of them* Many women think that there is a glass ceiling for them in this company because all of the directors, vice presidents, and presidents are men.to promote (someone) – to give someone a better job that has more responsibility and better pay within the same organization where he or she was already working* Hank was promoted from Mechanic to Senior Mechanic last month and now he makes a lot more money.steppingstone – something that helps a person get to another place or to another level, especially at work* Getting a college degree is a steppingstone to most good jobs.stumbling block – something that makes it difficult or impossible to do something* When the runner hurt his knee, it was a major stumbling block in his athletic performance.reference – an evaluation of a person as an employee, made by someone who knows one professionally, usually when one is applying for a job* Pauline used to work for me, so she asked me to write a letter of reference when she decided to apply for a new job.to be trapped – to not have any options; to be forced to do something; to not be able to change something* Once they bought a house, they were trapped in their jobs, because if they quit working, they wouldn’t be able to pay for their new home.personal satisfaction – a feeling of happiness and contentment from what one is doing* Kayeesha worked as a lawyer for years, but she didn’t find personal satisfaction until she quit her job and began singing professionally.ESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End JobCOMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1. Which of these would be part of a dead end job?a) Advancementb) Menial workc) Personal satisfaction2. What does Kurt mean when he says that there was a glass ceiling in his job?a) The building was made of glass.b) He got cut a lot at work.c) There were not opportunities for advancement.______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?to burn outThe phrase “to burn out,” in this podcast, means to no longer be able to do something because one has done too much of it in the past and is too bored, tired, or sick to continue: “After seven years of graduate school, Kelly was burnt out on studying and going to school.” The phrase “to burn up” means to have a very high fever or a very high body temperature: “This child is burning up! We need to take him to the doctor’s office right away.” Finally, the phrase “to burn down” means for a building to be destroyed by a fire so that there is nothing left: “When the candle fell over, the house made of wood quickly caught on fire and burned down.”referenceIn this podcast, the word “reference” means an evaluation of a person as an employee, made by someone who knows one professionally, usually when one is applying for a job: “People have to send a list of three references when they apply for that job.” The phrase “with reference to (something)” means regarding or about: “Hello, I’m calling with reference to your ad to sell your car.” When writing an academic paper, a “reference” is a book or article that one used to find information: “Don’t forget to list your references at the end of your essay.” Finally, as a verb, “to make a reference to” means to refer or to mention a book, article, or other source of information that one used while writing a paper: “Did you make a reference to any books from other countries, or did you read books only by American authors?”ESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End Job CULTURE NOTEAmerican companies “recruit” (look for new employees) in many different ways. One of the simplest and most inexpensive ways is to place an “ad” (advertisement or announcement) in the local newspaper. Sometimes they place ads in “journals” (academic magazines) for professionals in a “field” (an area or type of work).Many companies also use the power of the Internet for recruitment. Companies often post “job descriptions” (a summary of what the job is and what the company is looking for in a new employee) on their website. Other companies use employment websites specifically for job announcements to “post” (upload something to the Internet for others to read) their job announcements. “Jobseekers” (people who are looking for a new job) can read job announcements on those websites and then “apply” (send in the required papers to be considered for a job) for those jobs.Companies that have a lot of money and need to hire for “top” (very important) positions often use “executive search firms,” which are also known informally as “headhunters.” These companies call people who are working in similar jobs at other companies and try to get them interested in coming to the company that is “hiring” (looking for a new employee). They often do this by offering to pay more money than what the other company is currently paying.Finally, many American companies recruit on college “campuses” (areas with many college buildings). They send a representative to a college campus to speak with interested students before they have completed their education. Some of these students are offered jobs to work after they finish college even before their graduation from the university.______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – b; 2 – cESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End Job COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 400: Working in a Dead End Job.This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 400. I’m your host, Dr. Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development in beautiful Los Angeles, California.Our website is . Go there to download a Learning Guide for this episode to help you improve your English even faster.This episode is called “Working in a Dead End Job.” It’s a conversation between Kurt and a woman who works at an “employment agency,” a company that helps you find a job. Let’s get started.[start of dialogue]Agency employee: Tell me why you’d like to sign up with our employment agency.Kurt: Well, right now I’m working in a dead end job. There are no opportunities for advancement. I’m already at the top of the pay scale, so there’s no chance of another pay raise.Agency employee: Okay, I’d like to find out a little more about your employment history. Tell me about your last job.Kurt: Oh, that was a mind-numbing position. I did menial work all day and I burned out in six months.Agency employee: What about the job you had before that?Kurt: The problem with that job was that there was a glass ceiling. They would never promote a person like me.Agency employee: And what about the job you had before that?Kurt: I only took that job as a steppingstone to the next one, but it turned out to be a stumbling block instead. My boss didn’t like me and wouldn’t give me a good reference.ESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End Job Agency employee: Okay, so you were not happy with any of the jobs you’ve had. Kurt: No, they weren’t right for me. I don’t want to be trapped in a dead end job.I want something that will give me personal satisfaction.Agency employee: I see. Well, we’ll do the best we can. Have you considered working at an employment agency? I’m looking for a new job myself.[end of dialogue]The conversation begins with the woman who works for the employment agency asking Kurt, “Tell me why you’d like to sign up with our employment agency” – tell me why you want to use our agency – our company – to help you find a job. Kurt says, “Well, right now I’m working in a dead end job.” A “dead end job” is a job that doesn’t have a lot of opportunities; it doesn’t have a very good future. A “dead end” is when you have a street that stops, that you can’t go any farther on. Here, it’s used to refer to a job that doesn’t have any great importance, pay, or responsibilities in the future; it’s not going to lead you to anything else.Kurt says, “There are no opportunities for advancement.” “Advancement,” here, means moving up in the company; it’s the same as a “promotion,” to get a better job in the same company. Kurt says, “I’m already at the top of the pay scale, so there’s no chance of another pay raise.” The “pay scale” is a system that a business or organization uses to determine how much each job is going to be worth, how much they’re going to pay their employees. If an employee is there for two years, they may get this salary; if they’re in the company for five years, they get a different salary. So that’s what a pay scale is; it’s a set of, we would call them, “steps” that you go through as you are in the company longer, as you have more experience, or perhaps as you increase your education while at the job. A “pay raise” is an increase in the amount of money you receive for working, an increase in your salary.The agency employee says, “Okay, I’d like to find out a little more about your employment history.” Your “employment history” is a list or a description of the jobs that you have had in the past. If you look at my employment history, it began working at a car wash, cleaning cars when I was 15 years old. When I was 16, I worked at a nursing home, cleaning dishes in the kitchen for three or four months. Then, I worked in a store, selling things for almost seven years, and so on and so forth. Eventually, I ended up being a podcaster – it’s a long story!ESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End JobKurt says, in describing his last job, it “was a mind-numbing position.” “Mind-numbing,” here, means boring, very uninteresting. Not interesting at all – it was mind-numbing. To “numb” (numb) something means that you lose your feeling. For example, if you sit on your legs the wrong way your foot could go, we would say, to sleep. It would go numb; you couldn’t feel anything in your foot.So, this is a mind-numbing – a brain-numbing, if you will – position. He says, “I did menial work all day and I burned out in six months.” “Menial” (menial) is similar to mind-numbing; it’s boring, it’s not important, it’s uninteresting. Usually, “menial” is a very simple physical task, such as washing the windows, or washing cars, or washing dishes – these are menial jobs. To “burn out” means that you can no longer work at that job; you are exhausted, mentally and perhaps physically. When you do a job for a long time, you may get sick of it; it becomes boring to you. “Burn” has several different meanings; take a look at our Learning Guide for some additional explanations.The agency employee then asks Kurt, “What about the job you had before that?” – what was the previous job you had? Kurt says, “The problem with that job was that there was a glass ceiling.” A “glass ceiling” (ceiling) is the idea that people, especially women, who work in an organization can never become the managers, the vice presidents, or the presidents. They’re looking up as if through a ceiling made of glass at all of those men in the higher positions. The “ceiling” is, as you probably know, the top of a room; the bottom is called the “floor.”So, “glass ceiling” is usually used to talk about women who are unable to advance or get promotions in an organization, but Kurt says that he was a victim of a glass ceiling. He says, “They would never promote a person like me.” To “promote” someone means to give them a better job, something with more pay and more responsibility.Then, the employment agency employee asks Kurt, “Well, what about the job before that one?” Kurt says, “I only took that job as a steppingstone to the next one, but it turned out to be a stumbling block instead.” Couple of expressions here: first “steppingstone,” in this case, is something that helps you get to another level – to a higher level, especially at work. So, you start washing dishes, and you say, “Well, that’s a steppingstone for cleaning the tables in the dining room; that’s what I really want to do.” A “steppingstone” is the first, or one of the first jobs that you have that you hope will lead you to get a promotion. A “stumbling block” is something that makes it difficult or impossible to do something. To “stumble” means to fall; “stumbling block,” then, would be something in your path – in your way that would make you fall. Here, Kurt isESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End Job talking about how the job he had was a stumbling block; it prevented him from advancing.He says, “My boss didn’t like me and wouldn’t give me a good reference.” A “reference,” when we talk about a job, is an evaluation, usually a letter that someone will write about an employee, often for an employee that’s looking for another job outside of the company – a different job. “Reference” has a couple of different meanings in English however, so take a look at the Learning Guide so you know how to use it correctly.The agency employee says, “Okay, so you were not happy with any of the jobs you’ve had.” Kurt says, “ No, they weren’t right for me (they weren’t good for me). I don’t want to be trapped in a dead end job.” To be “trapped” means not to have any choices, not to have any options, to be forced to do something. Kurt doesn’t want to be trapped in a dead end job. He says, “I want something that will give me personal satisfaction.” “Personal satisfaction” is a feeling of happiness, feeling good about what you are doing.The employee says, “I see” – I understand. Then she asks Kurt, “Have you considered working at an employment agency? I’m looking for a new job myself.” So the woman says that maybe Kurt wants to work at the employment agency, because she wants a new job.Now let’s listen to the dialogue, this time at a regular speed.[start of dialogue]Agency employee: Tell me why you’d like to sign up with our employment agency.Kurt: Well, right now I’m working in a dead end job. There are no opportunities for advancement. I’m already at the top of the pay scale, so there’s no chance of another pay raise.Agency employee: Okay, I’d like to find out a little more about your employment history. Tell me about your last job.Kurt: Oh, that was a mind-numbing position. I did menial work all day and I burned out in six months.Agency employee: What about the job you had before that?ESL Podcast 400 – Working in a Dead End Job Kurt: The problem with that job was that there was a glass ceiling. They would never promote a person like me.Agency employee: And what about the job you had before that?Kurt: I only took that job as a steppingstone to the next one, but it turned out to be a stumbling block instead. My boss didn’t like me and wouldn’t give me a good reference.Agency employee: Okay, so you were not happy with any of the jobs you’ve had. Kurt: No, they weren’t right for me. I don’t want to be trapped in a dead end job.I want something that will give me personal satisfaction.Agency employee: I see. Well, we’ll do the best we can. Have you considered working at an employment agency? I’m looking for a new job myself.[end of dialogue]The script for this episode was written by someone who definitely needs a pay raise, Dr. Lucy Tse.From Los Angeles, California, I’m Jeff McQuillan. Thank you for listening. We’ll see you next time on ESL Podcast.English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse, hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan. This podcast is copyright 2008.。
NXP SCM-i.MX 6 Series Yocto Linux 用户指南说明书
© 2017 NXP B.V.SCM-i.MX 6 Series Yocto Linux User'sGuide1. IntroductionThe NXP SCM Linux BSP (Board Support Package) leverages the existing i.MX 6 Linux BSP release L4.1.15-2.0.0. The i.MX Linux BSP is a collection of binary files, source code, and support files that can be used to create a U-Boot bootloader, a Linux kernel image, and a root file system. The Yocto Project is the framework of choice to build the images described in this document, although other methods can be also used.The purpose of this document is to explain how to build an image and install the Linux BSP using the Yocto Project build environment on the SCM-i.MX 6Dual/Quad Quick Start (QWKS) board and the SCM-i.MX 6SoloX Evaluation Board (EVB). This release supports these SCM-i.MX 6 Series boards:• Quick Start Board for SCM-i.MX 6Dual/6Quad (QWKS-SCMIMX6DQ)• Evaluation Board for SCM-i.MX 6SoloX (EVB-SCMIMX6SX)NXP Semiconductors Document Number: SCMIMX6LRNUGUser's GuideRev. L4.1.15-2.0.0-ga , 04/2017Contents1. Introduction........................................................................ 1 1.1. Supporting documents ............................................ 22. Enabling Linux OS for SCM-i.MX 6Dual/6Quad/SoloX .. 2 2.1. Host setup ............................................................... 2 2.2. Host packages ......................................................... 23.Building Linux OS for SCM i.MX platforms .................... 3 3.1. Setting up the Repo utility ...................................... 3 3.2. Installing Yocto Project layers ................................ 3 3.3. Building the Yocto image ....................................... 4 3.4. Choosing a graphical back end ............................... 4 4. Deploying the image .......................................................... 5 4.1. Flashing the SD card image .................................... 5 4.2. MFGTool (Manufacturing Tool) ............................ 6 5. Specifying displays ............................................................ 6 6. Reset and boot switch configuration .................................. 7 6.1. Boot switch settings for QWKS SCM-i.MX 6D/Q . 7 6.2. Boot switch settings for EVB SCM-i.MX 6SoloX . 8 7. SCM uboot and kernel repos .............................................. 8 8. References.......................................................................... 8 9.Revision history (9)Enabling Linux OS for SCM-i.MX 6Dual/6Quad/SoloX1.1. Supporting documentsThese documents provide additional information and can be found at the NXP webpage (L4.1.15-2.0.0_LINUX_DOCS):•i.MX Linux® Release Notes—Provides the release information.•i.MX Linux® User's Guide—Contains the information on installing the U-Boot and Linux OS and using the i.MX-specific features.•i.MX Yocto Project User's Guide—Contains the instructions for setting up and building the Linux OS in the Yocto Project.•i.MX Linux®Reference Manual—Contains the information about the Linux drivers for i.MX.•i.MX BSP Porting Guide—Contains the instructions to port the BSP to a new board.These quick start guides contain basic information about the board and its setup:•QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q Quick Start Guide•Evaluation board for SCM-i.MX 6SoloX Quick Start Guide2. Enabling Linux OS for SCM-i.MX 6Dual/6Quad/SoloXThis section describes how to obtain the SCM-related build environment for Yocto. This assumes that you are familiar with the standard i.MX Yocto Linux OS BSP environment and build process. If you are not familiar with this process, see the NXP Yocto Project User’s Guide (available at L4.1.15-2.0.0_LINUX_DOCS).2.1. Host setupTo get the Yocto Project expected behavior on a Linux OS host machine, install the packages and utilities described below. The hard disk space required on the host machine is an important consideration. For example, when building on a machine running Ubuntu, the minimum hard disk space required is about 50 GB for the X11 backend. It is recommended that at least 120 GB is provided, which is enough to compile any backend.The minimum recommended Ubuntu version is 14.04, but the builds for dizzy work on 12.04 (or later). Earlier versions may cause the Yocto Project build setup to fail, because it requires python versions only available on Ubuntu 12.04 (or later). See the Yocto Project reference manual for more information.2.2. Host packagesThe Yocto Project build requires that the packages documented under the Yocto Project are installed for the build. Visit the Yocto Project Quick Start at /docs/current/yocto-project-qs/yocto-project-qs.html and check for the packages that must be installed on your build machine.The essential Yocto Project host packages are:$ sudo apt-get install gawk wget git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib build-essential chrpath socat libsdl1.2-devThe i.MX layers’ host packages for the Ubuntu 12.04 (or 14.04) host setup are:$ sudo apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev xterm sed cvs subversion coreutils texi2html docbook-utils python-pysqlite2 help2man make gcc g++ desktop-file-utils libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev mercurial autoconf automake groff curl lzop asciidocThe i.MX layers’ host packages for the Ubuntu 12.04 host setup are:$ sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimageThe i.MX layers’ host packages for the Ubuntu 14.04 host s etup are:$ sudo apt-get install u-boot-toolsThe configuration tool uses the default version of grep that is on your build machine. If there is a different version of grep in your path, it may cause the builds to fail. One workaround is to rename the special versi on to something not containing “grep”.3. Building Linux OS for SCM i.MX platforms3.1. Setting up the Repo utilityRepo is a tool built on top of GIT, which makes it easier to manage projects that contain multiple repositories that do not have to be on the same server. Repo complements the layered nature of the Yocto Project very well, making it easier for customers to add their own layers to the BSP.To install the Repo utility, perform these steps:1.Create a bin folder in the home directory.$ mkdir ~/bin (this step may not be needed if the bin folder already exists)$ curl /git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo2.Add this line to the .bashrc file to ensure that the ~/bin folder is in your PATH variable:$ export PATH=~/bin:$PATH3.2. Installing Yocto Project layersAll the SCM-related changes are collected in the new meta-nxp-imx-scm layer, which is obtained through the Repo sync pointing to the corresponding scm-imx branch.Make sure that GIT is set up properly with these commands:$ git config --global "Your Name"$ git config --global user.email "Your Email"$ git config --listThe NXP Yocto Project BSP Release directory contains the sources directory, which contains the recipes used to build, one (or more) build directories, and a set of scripts used to set up the environment. The recipes used to build the project come from both the community and NXP. The Yocto Project layers are downloaded to the sources directory. This sets up the recipes that are used to build the project. The following code snippets show how to set up the SCM L4.1.15-2.0.0_ga Yocto environment for the SCM-i.MX 6 QWKS board and the evaluation board. In this example, a directory called fsl-arm-yocto-bsp is created for the project. Any name can be used instead of this.Building Linux OS for SCM i.MX platforms3.2.1. SCM-i.MX 6D/Q quick start board$ mkdir fsl-arm-yocto-bsp$ cd fsl-arm-yocto-bsp$ repo init -u git:///imx/fsl-arm-yocto-bsp.git -b imx-4.1-krogoth -m scm-imx-4.1.15-2.0.0.xml$ repo sync3.2.2. SCM-i.MX 6SoloX evaluation board$ mkdir my-evb_6sxscm-yocto-bsp$ cd my-evb_6sxscm-yocto-bsp$ repo init -u git:///imx/fsl-arm-yocto-bsp.git -b imx-4.1-krogoth -m scm-imx-4.1.15-2.0.0.xml$ repo sync3.3. Building the Yocto imageNote that the quick start board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q and the evaluation board for SCM-i.MX 6SoloX are commercially available with a 1 GB LPDDR2 PoP memory configuration.This release supports the imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks, imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks-rev3, and imx6sxscm-1gb-evb. Set the machine configuration in MACHINE= in the following section.3.3.1. Choosing a machineChoose the machine configuration that matches your reference board.•imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks (QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6DQ with 1 GB LPDDR2 PoP)•imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks-rev3 (QWKS board Rev C for SCM-i.MX 6DQ with 1GB LPDDR2 PoP) •imx6sxscm-1gb-evb (EVB for SCM-i.MX 6SX with 1 GB LPDDR2 PoP)3.4. Choosing a graphical back endBefore the setup, choose a graphical back end. The default is X11.Choose one of these graphical back ends:•X11•Wayland: using the Weston compositor•XWayland•FrameBufferSpecify the machine configuration for each graphical back end.The following are examples of building the Yocto image for each back end using the QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q and the evaluation board for SCM-i.MX 6SoloX. Do not forget to replace the machine configuration with what matches your reference board.3.4.1. X11 image on QWKS board Rev C for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q$ DISTRO=fsl-imx-x11 imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks-rev3 source fsl-setup-release.sh -b build-x11$ bitbake fsl-image-gui3.4.2. FrameBuffer image on evaluation board for SCM-i.MX 6SX$ DISTRO=fsl-imx-fb MACHINE=imx6sxscm-1gb-evb source fsl-setup-release.sh –b build-fb-evb_6sxscm$ bitbake fsl-image-qt53.4.3. XWayland image on QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q$ DISTRO=fsl-imx-xwayland MACHINE=imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks source fsl-setup-release.sh –b build-xwayland$ bitbake fsl-image-gui3.4.4. Wayland image on QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/Q$ DISTRO=fsl-imx-wayland MACHINE=imx6dqscm-1gb-qwks source fsl-setup-release.sh -b build-wayland$ bitbake fsl-image-qt5The fsl-setup-release script installs the meta-fsl-bsp-release layer and configures theDISTRO_FEATURES required to choose the graphical back end. The –b parameter specifies the build directory target. In this build directory, the conf directory that contains the local.conf file is created from the setup where the MACHINE and DISTRO_FEATURES are set. The meta-fslbsp-release layer is added into the bblayer.conf file in the conf directory under the build directory specified by the –e parameter.4. Deploying the imageAfter the build is complete, the created image resides in the <build directory>/tmp/deploy/images directory. The image is (for the most part) specific to the machine set in the environment setup. Each image build creates the U-Boot, kernel, and image type based on the IMAGE_FSTYPES defined in the machine configuration file. Most machine configurations provide the SD card image (.sdcard), ext4, and tar.bz2. The ext4 is the root file system only. The .sdcard image contains the U-Boot, kernel, and rootfs, completely set up for use on an SD card.4.1. Flashing the SD card imageThe SD card image provides the full system to boot with the U-Boot and kernel. To flash the SD card image, run this command:$ sudo dd if=<image name>.sdcard of=/dev/sd<partition> bs=1M && syncFor more information about flashing, see “P reparing an SD/MMC Card to Boot” in the i.MX Linux User's Guide (document IMXLUG).Specifying displays4.2. MFGTool (Manufacturing Tool)MFGTool is one of the ways to place the image on a device. To download the manufacturing tool for the SCM-i.MX 6D/Q and for details on how to use it, download the SCM-i.MX 6 Manufacturing Toolkit for Linux 4.1.15-2.0.0 under the "Downloads" tab from /qwks-scm-imx6dq. Similarly, download the manufacturing tool for the SCM-i.MX 6SoloX evaluation board under the "Downloads" tab from /evb-scm-imx6sx.5. Specifying displaysSpecify the display information on the Linux OS boot command line. It is not dependent on the source of the Linux OS image. If nothing is specified for the display, the settings in the device tree are used. Find the specific parameters in the i.MX 6 Release Notes L4.1.15-2.0.0 (available at L4.1.15-2.0.0_LINUX_DOCS). The examples are shown in the following subsections. Interrupt the auto-boot and enter the following commands.5.1.1. Display options for QWKS board for SCM-i.MX 6D/QHDMI displayU-Boot > setenv mmcargs 'setenv bootargs console=${console},${baudrate} ${smp}root=${mmcroot} video=mxcfb0:dev=hdmi,1920x1080M@60,if=RGB24'U-Boot > run bootcmd5.1.2. Display options for EVB for SCM-i.MX 6SXNote that the SCM-i.MX 6SX EVB supports HDMI with a HDMI accessory card (MCIMXHDMICARD) that plugs into the LCD connector on the EVB.Accessory boards:•The LVDS connector pairs with the NXP MCIMX-LVDS1 LCD display board.•The LCD expansion connector (parallel, 24-bit) pairs with the NXP MCIMXHDMICARD adapter board.LVDS displayU-Boot > setenv mmcargs 'setenv bootargs console=${console},${baudrate} ${smp}root=${mmcroot} ${dmfc} video=mxcfb0:dev=ldb,1024x768M@60,if=RGB666 ldb=sep0'U-Boot > run bootcmdHDMI display (dual display for the HDMI as primary and the LVDS as secondary)U-Boot > setenv mmcargs 'setenv bootargs console=${console},${baudrate} ${smp}root=${mmcroot} video=mxcfb0:dev=hdmi,1920x1080M@60,if=RGB24video=mxcfb1:dev=ldb,LDBXGA,if=RGB666'U-Boot > run bootcmdLCD displayu-boot > setenv mmcargs 'setenv bootargs ${bootargs}root=${mmcroot} rootwait rw video=mxcfb0:dev=lcd,if=RGB565'u-boot> run bootcmd6. Reset and boot switch configuration6.1. Boot switch settings for QWKS SCM-i.MX 6D/QThere are two push-button switches on the QWKS-SCMIMX6DQ board. SW1 (SW3 for QWKS board Rev B) is the system reset that resets the PMIC. SW2 is the i.MX 6Dual/6Quad on/off button that is needed for Android.There are three boot options. The board can boot either from the internal SPI-NOR flash inside the SCM-i.MX6Dual/6Quad or from either of the two SD card slots. The following table shows the switch settings for the boot options.Table 1.Boot configuration switch settingsBoot from top SD slot (SD3)Boot from bottom SD slot (SD2)Boot from internal SPI NORDefault1.References6.2. Boot switch settings for EVB SCM-i.MX 6SoloXThis table shows the jumper configuration to boot the evaluation board from the SD card slot SD3.7. SCM uboot and kernel repositoriesThe kernel and uboot patches for both SCM-i.MX 6 QWKS board and evaluation board are integrated in specific git repositories. Below are the git repos for SCM-i.MX 6 uboot and kernel:uBoot repo: /git/cgit.cgi/imx/uboot-imx.gitSCM Branch: scm-imx_v2016.03_4.1.15_2.0.0_gakernel repo: /git/cgit.cgi/imx/linux-imx.gitSCM branch: scm-imx_4.1.15_2.0.0_ga8. References1.For details about setting up the Host and Yocto Project, see the NXP Yocto Project User’s Guide(document IMXLXYOCTOUG).2.For information about downloading images using U-Boot, see “Downloading images usingU-Boot” in the i.MX Linux User's Guide (document IMXLUG).3.For information about setting up the SD/MMC card, see “P reparing an SD/MMC card to boot” inthe i.MX Linux User's Guide (document IMXLUG).9. Revision historyDocument Number: SCMIMX6LRNUGRev. L4.1.15-2.0.0-ga04/2017How to Reach Us: Home Page: Web Support: /supportInformation in this document is provided solely to enable system and softwareimplementers to use NXP products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits based on the information in this document. NXP reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein.NXP makes no warranty, representation, or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does NXP assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequentia l or incidental damages. “Typical”parameters that may be provided in NXP data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications, and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “typicals,” must be valida ted for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. NXP does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. NXP sells products pursuant to standard terms and conditions of sale, which can be found at the following address: /SalesTermsandConditions .NXP, the NXP logo, NXP SECURE CONNECTIONS FOR A SMARTER WORLD, Freescale, and the Freescale logo are trademarks of NXP B.V. All other product or service names are the property of their respective owners.ARM, the ARM Powered logo, and Cortex are registered trademarks of ARM Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the EU and/or elsewhere. All rights reserved. © 2017 NXP B.V.。
i.MX_6_G2D_API_User's_Guide
Freescale Semiconductor Document Number: IMX6G2DAPIUG User ’s Guide Rev. L3.10.17_1.0.0-ga, 05/2014 © 2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. All rights reserved.i.MX 6 G2D API User ’sGuide1.OverviewG2D API (Application Programming Interface) is designed for the purposes of easy to understand and use 2D BLT function. It allows the user to implement the customized applications with the simple interfaces. It is hardware and platform independent for i.MX 6 2D Graphics.G2D API supports the following features but not limited:-Simple BLT operation from source to destination-Alpha blend for source and destination with Porter-Duff rules-High performance memory copy from source to destination-Up-scaling and down-scaling from source to destination-90/180/270 degree rotation from source to destination-Horizontal and vertical flip from source to destination-Enhanced visual quality with dither for pixel precision-loss-High performance memory clear for destination-Pixel-level cropping for source surface-Global alpha blend for source only-Asynchronous mode and sync-Contiguous memory allocator-Support VG engineG2D API document include the detailed interface description, and sample code for reference.The API is designed with C-Style and can be used in both C and C++ application.Contents1. Overview (2)2. Enumerations and Structures (4)2.1 g2d_format enumeration (4)2.2 g2d_blend_func enumeration (4)2.3 g2d_cap_mode enumeration (5)2.4 g2d_rotation enumeration (5)2.5 g2d_cache_mode enumeration (5)2.6 g2d_hardware_type enumeration (5)2.7 g2d_surface structure (6)2.8 g2d_buf structure (7)3. G2D Function Descriptions (8)3.1 g2d_open (8)3.2 g2d_close (8)3.3 g2d_make_current (9)3.4 g2d_clear (9)3.5 g2d_blit (10)3.6 g2d_copy (10)3.7 g2d_query_cap (11)3.8 g2d_enable (11)3.9 g2d_disable (11)3.10 g2d_cache_op (12)3.11 g2d_alloc (12)3.12 g2d_free (12)3.13 g2d_flush (13)3.14 g2d_finish (13)4. Sample Codes for G2D API Usage (14)4.1 Color space conversion from YUV to RGB (14)4.2 Alpha blend in Source Over mode (15)4.3 Source cropping and destination rotation (16)2. Enumerations and StructuresThis chapter describes all Enumeration and Structure definition in G2D.2.1 g2d_format enumeration2.2 g2d_blend_func enumeration2.3 g2d_cap_mode enumeration2.4 g2d_rotation enumeration2.5 g2d_cache_mode enumeration2.6 g2d_hardware_type enumeration2.7 g2d_surface structure1.RGB and YUV formats can be set in source surface, but only RGB format can be set indestination surface.2.RGB pixel buffer only uses planes [0], buffer address is with 16bytes alignment,NV12: Y in planes [0], UV in planes [1], with 64bytes alignment,I420: Y in planes [0], U in planes [1], U in planes [2], with 64 bytes alignment3.The cropped region in source surface is specified with left, top, right and bottom parameters.4.RGB stride alignment is 16bytes for source and destination surface,NV12 stride alignment is 8bytes for source surface, UV stride = Y stride,I420 stride alignment is 8bytes for source surface, U stride=V stride = ½ Y stride.5.G2D_ROTATION_0/G2D_FLIP_H/G2D_FLIP_V shall be set in source surface, and the clockwiserotation degree shall be set in destination surface.6.Application should calculate the rotated position and set it for destination surface.7.The geometry definition of surface structure is described as below:2.8 g2d_buf structure3. G2D Function Descriptions3.1 g2d_openDescription:Open g2d device and return a handle.Syntax:int g2d_open(void **handle);Parameters:handle Pointer to receive g2d device handle Returns:Success with 0, fail with -13.2 g2d_closeDescription:Close g2d device with the handle.Syntax:int g2d_close(void *handle);Parameters:handle g2d device handleReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.3 g2d_make_currentDescription:Set the specific hardware type for current context, default is G2D_HARDWARE_2D Syntax:int g2d_make_current(void *handle, enum g2d_hardware_type type);Parameters:handle g2d device handletype g2d hardware typeReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.4 g2d_clearDescription:Clear a specific areaSyntax:int g2d_clear(void *handle, struct g2d_surface *area);Parameters:handle g2d device handlearea the area to be clearedReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.5 g2d_blitDescription:G2d blit from source to destination with alternative operation (Blend, Dither, etc) Syntax:int g2d_blit(void *handle, struct g2d_surface *src, struct g2d_surface *dst);Parameters:handle g2d device handlesrc source surfacedst destination surfaceReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.6 g2d_copyDescription:G2d copy with specified sizeSyntax:int g2d_copy(void *handle, struct g2d_buf *d, struct g2d_buf* s, int size);Parameters:handle g2d device handled destination buffers source buffersize copy bytesLimitations:If the destination buffer is cacheable, it must be invalidated before g2d_copy due to the alignment limitation of g2d driver.Returns:Success with 0, fail with -13.7 g2d_query_capDescription:Query the alternative capability enablementSyntax:int g2d_query_cap(void *handle, enum g2d_cap_mode cap, int *enable); Parameters:handle g2d device handlecap g2d capability to queryenable Pointer to receive g2d capability enablementReturns: Success with 0, fail with -13.8 g2d_enableDescription:Enable g2d capability with the specific modeSyntax:int g2d_enable(void *handle, enum g2d_cap_mode cap);Parameters:handle g2d device handlecap g2d capability to enableReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.9 g2d_disableDescription:Enable g2d capability with the specific modeSyntax:int g2d_disable (void *handle, enum g2d_cap_mode cap);Parameters:handle g2d device handlecap g2d capability to disableReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.10 g2d_cache_opDescription:Perform cache operations for the cacheable buffer allocated through g2d driver Syntax:int g2d_cache_op (struct g2d_buf *buf, enum g2d_cache_mode op);Parameters:buf the buffer to be handled with cache operationsop cache operation typeReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.11 g2d_allocDescription:Allocate a buffer through g2d deviceSyntax:struct g2d_buf *g2d_alloc(int size, int cacheable);Parameters:size allocated bytescacheable 0, non-cacheable, 1, cacheable attribute defined by system Returns:Success with valid g2d buffer pointer, fail with 03.12 g2d_freeDescription:Free the buffer through g2d deviceSyntax:int g2d_free(struct g2d_buf *buf);Parameters:buf g2d buffer to freeReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.13 g2d_flushDescription:Flush g2d command and return without completing pipeline. Syntax:int g2d_flush (void *handle);Parameters:handle g2d device handleReturns:Success with 0, fail with -13.14 g2d_finishDescription:Flush g2d command and then return when pipeline is finished Syntax:int g2d_finish (void *handle);Parameters:handle g2d device handleReturns:Success with 0, fail with -14. Sample Codes for G2D API UsageThis chapter provides the brief prototype codes with G2D API.4.1 Color space conversion from YUV to RGBg2d_open(&handle);src.planes[0] = buf_y;src.planes[1] = buf_u;src.planes[2] = buf_v;src.left = crop.left;src.top = crop.top;src.right = crop.right;src.bottom = crop.bottom;src.stride = y_stride;src.width = y_width;src.height = y_height;src.rot = G2D_ROTATION_0;src.format = G2D_I420;dst.planes[0] = buf_rgba;dst.left = 0;dst.top = 0;dst.right = disp_width;dst.bottom = disp_height;dst.stride = disp_width;dst.width = disp_width;dst.height = disp_height;dst.rot = G2D_ROTATION_0;dst.format = G2D_RGBA8888;g2d_blit(handle, &src, &dst);g2d_finish(handle);g2d_close(handle);4.2 Alpha blend in Source Over modeg2d_open(&handle);src.planes[0] = src_buf;src.left = 0;src.top = 0;src.right = test_width;src.bottom = test_height;src.stride = test_width;src.width = test_width;src.height = test_height;src.rot = G2D_ROTATION_0;src.format = G2D_RGBA8888;src.blendfunc = G2D_ONE;dst.planes[0] = dst_buf;dst.left = 0;dst.top = 0;dst.right = test_width;dst.bottom = test_height;dst.stride = test_width;dst.width = test_width;dst.height = test_height;dst.format = G2D_RGBA8888;dst.rot = G2D_ROTATION_0;dst.blendfunc = G2D_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA;g2d_enable(handle,G2D_BLEND);g2d_blit(handle, &src, &dst);g2d_finish(handle);g2d_disable(handle,G2D_BLEND);g2d_close(handle);4.3 Source cropping and destination rotationg2d_open(&handle);src.planes[0] = src_buf;src.left = crop.left;src.top = crop.left;src.right = crop.right;src.bottom = crop.bottom;src.stride = src_stride;src.width = src_width;src.height = src_height;src.format = G2D_RGBA8888;src.rot = G2D_ROTATION_0;//G2D_FLIP_H or G2D_FLIP_Vdst.planes[0] = dst_buf;dst.left = 0;dst.top = 0;dst.right = dst_width;dst.bottom = dst_height;dst.stride = dst_width;dst.width = dst_width;dst.height = dst_height;dst.format = G2D_RGBA8888;dst.rot = G2D_ROTATION_90;g2d_blit(handle, &src, &dst);g2d_finish(handle);g2d_close(handle);Document Number: IMX6G2DAPIUG Rev. L3.10.17_1.0.0-ga05/2014Information in this document is provided solely to enable system and software implementers to use Freescale products. There are no express or implied copyright licenses granted hereunder to design or fabricate any integrated circuits based on the information in this document.Freescale reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Freescale makes no warranty, representation, or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Freescale assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters that may be provided in Freescale data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications, and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “typicals,” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Freescale does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. Freescale sells products pursuant to standard terms and conditions of sale, which can be found at the following address: /SalesTermsandConditions.How to Reach Us:Home Page:Web Support:/supportFreescale and the Freescale logo are trademarks of Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.,Reg. U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. All other product or service names are the property of theirrespective owners. ARM and ARM Cortex-A9 are registered trademarks of ARMLimited.© 2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.。
ESLPod_1082_Guide
ESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote Island GLOSSARYplum job – a very good job with good pay and benefits; a great job opportunity * Cassie got a plum job that lets her do what she loves best.island – an area of land that is completely surrounded by water, especially the ocean* The Hawaiian Islands were formed by underwater volcanic eruptions.map – a diagram that shows the location of things and that can be used to determine how to go somewhere* This map shows the capitals of each country in Africa.far-flung – very far away; remote* Jamison’s far-flung adventures have taken him to the highest mountains, the deepest oceans, the center of the rainforest, and the North Pole.remote – very far away from other people; not near cities, civilization, or other people* Why did they open a store in such a remote location, where there are so few customers?unspoiled – not ruined, especially not affected in a negative way by humans* This forest is one of the last remaining unspoiled places in the country. paradise – heaven; a place and/or situation where everything is ideal, beautiful, and perfect* Spending a week on a sandy beach with no responsibilities sounds like paradise!to get settled – to become comfortable in a new place or position, especially after one has moved and/or started a new job* It took Tamara a few weeks to get settled at college, but now she’s comfortable and doing well in her classes.desolate – without any people or things; empty and barren* This apartment feels so desolate without any furniturem or paintings on the walls.mainland – a very large area of land that makes up most of a country’s territory; not an island* We sailed out into the ocean until we couldn’t see the mainland anymore.ESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote Island isolation – the state of being alone, without other people, or with the feeling of not being able to connect with other people* Sometimes the prison uses temporary isolation as a punishment for prisoners who break the rules.civilization – society; a well-developed group of people living together with an established government rules and social norms* Many of the ideas behind American democracy come from Greek civilization. another living soul – another person; another human being* We went hiking in the wilderness and didn’t see another living soul for four days.population – the number of people living in a particular area or country* As the population increases, the city will have to create new housing.to make – to be a certain number or amount of something; to achieve a certain level* When Frank and Holly announced they were expecting a baby, we sent them a balloon with the words “Baby Makes Three.”consideration – careful thought, especially about the advantages and disadvantages of something, often before making a decision* Thank you for your consideration of my application. I hope you’ll call me to schedule an interview soon.ESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote Island COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1. What is a plum job?a) A job in the food industry.b) A job that allows telecommuting.c) A job that is very good and pays well.2. What does Alysson mean when she says, “After I get settled, you should come for a visit”?a) She wants him to visit once she has received her first paycheck.b) She wants him to visit once there are more settlers on the island.c) She wants him to visit once she feels comfortable in her new environment.______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?remoteThe word “remote,” in this podcast, means very far away, not near cities, civilization, or other people: “On a bad day, Brett wishes he could run away to a remote cabin where no one could find him.” The phrase “to work remotely” means to telecommute, or to work from home, not at the main office: “All our employees are allowed to work remotely one or two days per week.” A “remote” is a remote control, or a small, wireless device with many buttons used to control a TV, DVD player, stereo, or other electronic device or machine: “The volume button on the remote isn’t working anymore. Maybe it needs new batteries.” Finally, a “remote possibility” is something that is very unlikely to happen: “Since I don’t meet most of the qualifications, getting that job seems like a remote possibility.”to makeIn this podcast, the verb “to make” means to be a certain number or amount of something, or to achieve a certain level: “Wow, the Madisons just said they will come to our Thanksgiving dinner, so that makes 23 guests!” The verb “to make” also means to be promoted or to receive a position or honor: “She is the youngest person ever to make vice president in this firm.” The phrase “to make (an event)” can also mean to be able to attend something: “I won’t be able to make the meeting. Can you take notes for me?” Finally, the phrase “to make believe” means to use one’s imagination and pretend that something is real or true: “We all tried to make believe this plan could work, but I think we all knew it would fail.”ESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote IslandCULTURE NOTERemote U.S. PossessionsA U.S. “possession” or “territory” is an area that is “governed” (ruled) by the United States, “whereas” (while in contrast) a state shares “sovereignty” (the right for an area to govern itself) with the “federal” (national) government. The “better-known” (known by many or most people) U.S. territories include Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands, as well as American Samoa. But there are many “lesser-known” (not known by as many people) possessions, too.Several U.S. possessions were “taken” (made part of the United States) under the Guano Islands Act, which was “enacted” (made into law) in 1856. The law allowed the United States to take possession of “uninhabited” (without anyone living there) islands with “guano deposits” (large amounts of bird poop) that could be collected and used as “fertilizer” (substances that improve the soil for growing crops) and as a “component” (ingredient; part) of “gunpowder” (the explosive substance used in guns and other weapons.More than 100 islands were “claimed” (taken and declared as U.S. property) under the Act, but only a few of them “remain” (are still) U.S. possessions today. These include Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands, the Johnston “Atoll” (a ring-shaped island made of coral), Kingman Reef, the Midway Atoll, and Palmyra Atoll in the North, Central, and South Pacific Ocean. They are almost “equidistant” (the same distance to two points, one on each side) between Asia and North America. Another possession, Navassa Island, is in the Caribbean Sea, but its possession is “disputed” (being argued about), because Haiti also claims it.______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – c; 2 – cESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote Island COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 1,082 – Traveling to a Remote Island.This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 1,082. I’m your host, Dr. Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development in beautiful Los Angeles, California.Visit our website at . Become a member of ESL Podcast. When you do, you can download the Learning Guides for these episodes. Our Learning Guides contain a complete transcript of everything we say, as well as additional cultural notes, definitions, sample sentences, and a whole lot more.This episode is a dialogue between Leandro and Alysson about going to an island far, far away. Let’s get started.[start of dialogue]Leandro: When you said you got a plum job working abroad, I thought you were going to Europe or Asia. Where exactly is Hueller Island?Alysson: It’s in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Here, I’ll show you on the map. Leandro: Wow, I had no idea you’d be working in such a far-flung place. It’s a bit remote, isn’t it?Alysson: It is, but it’s also unspoiled and beautiful. I’ve seen photos and it looks like my idea of paradise. See? After I get settled, you should come for a visit. Leandro: It looks a little desolate. Is it hard to get to?Alysson: You would need to take a 19-hour flight from here to the mainland and then a two-day boat ride to reach it.Leandro: Aren’t you worried about living in such isolation? It’s so far from civilization.Alysson: There are other people living on the island, you know, so it’s not like I wouldn’t see another living soul for days.ESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote Island Leandro: Oh, I’m glad there’s a community living there. What is the population of Hueller Island?Alysson: It’s small, which isn’t unusual for an island this size.Leandro: How small?Alysson: When I move there, it’ll increase to seven. And if you visit, you’ll make eight.Leandro: I’ll give the idea of that trip all the consideration it deserves.[end of dialogue]Leandro begins our dialogue by saying to Alysson, “When you said you got a plum job working abroad, I thought you were going to Europe or Asia.” A “plum (plum) job” is a very desirable job – a good job that perhaps pays a lot or has a lot of benefits. This expression “a plum job” is actually quite old in English. It goes back at least to the nineteenth century. A “plum” is a small, sweet fruit that was considered very desirable, and so we have a “plum job,” meaning a very desirable job.Leandro is asking Alysson about a plum job that she got working abroad. The term “abroad” (abroad) means in another country – in a “foreign country,” we could also say. Leandro thought Alysson was getting a job in Europe or Asia. Instead, she appears to be working somewhere called “Hueller Island.” An “island” is a piece of land surrounded by water. Leandro wants to know where Hueller Island is. Alysson says, “It’s in the middle of the Pacific ocean. Here, I’ll show you on a map.” A “map,” of course, is a diagram or drawing of a certain place, a geographical location.Leandro says, “Wow, I had no idea you’d be working in such a far-flung place.” The term “far-flung” (flung) means very far away, at a very long distance from here. We might also use the term that is used in the title of this episode, “remote” (remote). Something that is remote is very far away from other people – very far away, often, from cities or what we might loosely call “civilization.” It might be a place that is “isolated” – that is, it’s not next to anything else. It is at a great distance from other places.Leandro says it’s a very remote place – he says, “It’s a bit remote, isn’t it?” “A bit” means a little bit, a small amount. Alysson says, “It is, but it’s also unspoiled and beautiful.” Something that is “unspoiled” is something that is not spoiled. So, youESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote Island need to know the definition of “spoiled.” Something that is spoiled is something that is ruined, something that has gone bad, something that is in a very poor condition or state. So, “unspoiled” would be a place where very few people have gone – a place that is still, in this case, beautiful.Alysson says, “I’ve seen photos,” meaning photographs of this island, “and it looks like my idea of paradise.” “Paradise” (paradise) is a perfect place, an ideal place. In some religions, it’s associated with the idea of heaven – a place where you go when you die (if you’re good, of course). But we also use it to describe a beautiful place to visit or often to go on vacation.Alysson says, “After I get settled, you should come for a visit.” “To get settled” means to become comfortable in a new place or a new position, especially if you are moving from one place to another. If you move from one city to another, it takes a while for you to get settled – to get everything in the right place, to figure out where everything is in your new city, and so forth. Alysson is inviting Leandro to come and visit her.Leandro says, “It looks a little desolate.” “Desolate” (desolate) means empty. It’s a negative way of describing a place that looks like it doesn’t have very much there. If you drive out into the middle of the desert outside of Los Angeles, many parts of it seem desolate. They seem as though there is nothing there. There is nothing interesting there, although some people love the desert, and so for them, it’s not desolate at all. Leandro says, “Is it,” meaning the island, “hard to get to?” “Is it hard to travel to?” is what he’s asking.Alysson says, “You would need to take a 19-hour flight from here to the mainland and then a two-day boat ride to reach it.” We use the term “mainland” (mainland) to describe a country that includes one or more islands. However, most of the land of the country is on one of the seven continents: North America, South America, Africa, Asia, Europe, Antarctica, and Australia.So, in the United States, for example, the mainland consists of the parts of the United States that are part of the North American continent. It does not include the islands, say, of Hawaii, or of Puerto Rico, or of Guam, or of the U.S. Virgin Islands, or other U.S. territories. The mainland, then, is the main part of the country that is located on one of the seven continents. Now, it gets a bit confusing, of course, because Australia is also an island, but you understand the general idea here.The mainland is the main part of the country. Unless, of course, the country is itself mostly an island. Then you wouldn’t talk about the mainland, since theESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote Island entire country is an island. It’s only used when a country has both islands and a significant amount of land on one of the continents. Alysson is describing this island and is telling Leandro that he has to fly to the mainland of whatever country this island is part of and then take a two-day boat ride – a ride in a small ship – in order to get to the island.Leandro says, “Aren’t you worried about living in such isolation?” “Isolation” is when you are alone, when there is no one else around you. He says, “This island is so far from civilization.” “Civilization” means society – a well-developed culture that people have, usually with some sort of established government and social rules and so forth. The word “civilization” can be a tricky one to use nowadays, because traditionally it has been used to describe more industrialized, more Westernized countries and societies versus those that were less so.More generally, the term is used to describe a place where there are “services,” shall we say: electricity and water and food and stores and houses – things that we associate with modern society. Alysson says, however, “There are other people living on the island, you know, so it’s not like I wouldn’t see another living soul for days.” The expression “another living soul” (soul) means another person, another human being.Leandro says, “Oh, I’m glad there is a community living there.” He’s glad. He’s happy that there are lots of other people there on this island as well. He then asks, “What is the population of Hueller Island?” “Population” is the number of people living in a certain place. Alysson says, “It’s small, which isn’t unusual for an island this size.” Leandro then asks, “How small?” meaning exactly how many people are we talking about here.Alysson answers, “When I move there, it’ll increase to seven,” meaning the population will go up to seven. “And if you visit, you’ll make eight.” “You’ll make eight” here means that we will have that number of people. In other words, this island only has six people living on it. If Alysson goes there, the population will go up to seven people, and if Leandro visits, there’ll be eight people there. Now, normally if you visit a place we don’t count that as part of the place’s population, but Alysson is speaking in more general terms here.Well, Leandro clearly is not very interested in visiting Alysson on this very small island. He says, somewhat sarcastically – somewhat jokingly – “I’ll give the idea of that trip all the consideration it deserves.” “Consideration” means careful thought, when you think about the advantages or disadvantages, the pluses or minuses of something. Leandro is saying that really, he’s not going to think about this at all because it’s not an idea that appeals to him, that he thinks it would be aESL Podcast 1082 – Traveling to a Remote Island good one. He’s not going to visit Alysson on this very small island named Hueller island.Is there a Hueller Island? Well, no. We just made that name up (though there are people named “Hueller”).Now let’s listen to the dialogue, this time at a normal speed.[start of dialogue]Leandro: When you said you got a plum job working abroad, I thought you were going to Europe or Asia. Where exactly is Hueller Island?Alysson: It’s in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Here, I’ll show you on the map. Leandro: Wow, I had no idea you’d be working in such a far-flung place. It’s a bit remote, isn’t it?Alysson: It is, but it’s also unspoiled and beautiful. I’ve seen photos and it looks like my idea of paradise. See? After I get settled, you should come for a visit. Leandro: It looks a little desolate. Is it hard to get to?Alysson: You would need to take a 19-hour flight from here to the mainland and then a two-day boat ride to reach it.Leandro: Aren’t you worried about living in such isolation? It’s so far from civilization.Alysson: There are other people living on the island, you know, so it’s not like I wouldn’t see another living soul for days.Leandro: Oh, I’m glad there’s a community living there. What is the population of Hueller Island?Alysson: It’s small, which isn’t unusual for an island this size.Leandro: How small?Alysson: When I move there, it’ll increase to seven. And if you visit, you’ll make eight.[end of dialogue]Listening to the scripts of Dr. Lucy Tse, our scriptwriter, is a bit like being in paradise – a wonderful place. Thank you, Lucy.From Los Angeles, California, I’m Jeff McQuillan. Thank you for listening. Come back and listen to us again right here on ESL Podcast.English as a Second Language Podcast was written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse, hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan. Copyright 2015 by the Center for EducationalDevelopment.。
ESLPod_543_Guide - Describing Different Smells
ESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different Smells GLOSSARYto renovate– to improve a room or building by rebuilding, expanding, and/or redecorating it* They’re going to renovate their house by adding another bathroom.stale– not fresh; old and used* The bread won’t become stale as quickly if we keep it in a closed plastic bag. musty– slightly wet and bad-smelling because something hasn’t had enough air moving around it* The basement is really musty. Would it help to put a fan down there?to air (something) out– to make air move around something so that it becomes fresher and better-smelling* If you don’t have time to wash your gym socks, at least air them out before you put them back on.putrid– dead and decaying, with a very bad smell* They couldn’t understand why their entryway had such a putrid smell until they found the dead rat under their front porch.faint– very slight; almost unnoticeable; barely* Can you hear that music? It’s very faint, but you can hear it if you stand very still.nasty– very unpleasant and disgusting; gross* Why would anyone want to live in such a nasty apartment building?to permeate– to be present in every part of something; to be found throughout something* The sound of laughter permeates the air at school during recess.burnt– damaged by fire; damaged by being burned* After the fire, a few pieces of burnt wood were all that was left of the building. smoky– with a lot of the smelly, hot, grey air that is produced by a fire* Let’s open the flue in the chimney before we start the fire, or else the whole room will get smoky.ESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different Smellsto hold (one’s) breath– to not breathe, usually to avoid smelling something or to avoid making a noise* When we go in there, hold your breath! The air is full of poisonous gases. truckload– the amount that would fill one truck; the amount of something that can be carried by one truck; a large amount* They used two truckloads of river rocks to decorate the area in front of the building.scented– with a pleasant smell* Do you like to use scented soap when you take a bath?perfume– a liquid with a strong, pleasant smell, used by women to make themselves more attractive, usually placed on the wrists and neck* The smell of her perfume quickly filled the elevator, and people began to cough. to mask– to cover something else; to make it impossible to see, smell, hear, or perceive something else* Yu-Lin tried to use makeup to mask her acne.foul– very unpleasant* We went to that restaurant last week, and we were served the foulest food we’d ever tasted. It was horrible!to stink– to have a very bad smell* That blue cheese stinks! I don’t know how you can eat it.sense of smell– the ability to smell things and/or to recognize something by its smell* Dogs have a great sense of smell, so police officers use them to help find drugs in suitcases at airports.ESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different SmellsCOMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1. What kind of smell would you expect to find around a dead animal?a) A musty smell.b) A putrid smell.c) A burnt smell.2. What does Giles mean by saying he’d have to lose his sense of smell to work there?a) He’d have to learn to stop breathing.b) He’d have to bring good-smelling things to work.c) He’d have to stop being bothered by smells.______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?faintThe word “faint,” in this podcast, means very slight or almost unnoticeable: “There’s always faint music playing in the office, but it’s never so loud that it interrupts our work.” The phrase “a faint hope/chance” means a slight possibility that something might happen: “There’s only a faint chance that people are still alive under the collapsed building, but we have to keep looking.” The phrase “to not have the faintest idea about something” means to not know anything about something: “‘What do you think she meant by that?’ ‘I haven’t the faintest idea.’” Finally, someone who is “faint-hearted” is not trying very hard, usually because one doesn’t think one can do it, or because one doesn’t really want to do or have it: “Marissa made a faint-hearted attempt to get the job, but she really wants to stay home with her children.”foulIn this podcast, the word “foul” means very unpleasant: “Bryan hates changing his daughter’s foul-smelling diapers.” The phrase “foul language” means bad or rude words that may be offensive: “Please don’t use foul language around the children.” If someone is in a “foul mood,” he or she is in a very bad mood and might get angry very easily: “Don’t do anything to make Mom mad. She’s in a really foul mood today.” In sports, a “foul” is an action that doesn’t follow the rules: “The player got a foul for hitting another player.” Finally, the phrase “foul play” means an illegal or dishonest activity, or murder: “The newspaper said she died of natural causes, but the police suspect foul play.”ESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different SmellsCULTURE NOTEMany “breeds” (types of an animal) of dogs have a very good sense of smell. For that reason, these dog breeds are often used as police dogs, which are also known as “K9s,” meaning “canines” (dogs or dog-like animals).A “public order enforcement dog” is used to help police officers “chase” (run after) “suspects” (people whom the police believe have committed a crime). These dogs can also help to protect the police officer by “attacking” (physically fighting against) a criminal, if necessary. These are usually large, strong, and intelligent dogs.A “tracking dog” is used to “track” (find where someone has gone and follow that direction) criminals or people who have become lost. The dog might be given a small piece of the person’s clothing and then be told to track that person. The police officers follow the dog until the person is found.An “illicit substances dog” is used to find drugs or “explosive devices” (bombs). These dogs are often seen at airports where they “sniff” (smell something by breathing in loudly through one’s nose) suitcases. If the dog “detects” (finds something), it points to the suitcase until the police officer comes over and opens it.Finally, a “cadaver dog” is used to find “cadavers” (dead bodies) through its sense of smell. With the right training, some dogs can even smell cadavers that are underwater.Police dogs are “valued” (respected and honored) members of the “police force”(a group of police officers). Sometimes they are given their own “badges” (a piece of metal worn to identify oneself as a police officer or firefighter). When the dogs are “killed in the line of duty” (killed while working), they are often given a full police “funeral” (the ceremony held after someone dies).______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – b; 2 – cESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different Smells COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 543: Describing Different Smells.This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 543. I’m your host, Dr. Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development in beautiful Los Angeles, California.Our website is . Go there today to download the Learning Guide for this episode, that will help you improve your English even faster.This episode is called “Describing Different Smells.” It’s a dialogue between Julia and Giles talking about the different words we use to describe how things smellin English. Let’s get started.[start of dialogue]Giles: Do you really think we’ll be able to renovate this place and turn it into a restaurant?Julia: It’s not so bad. I know it smells a little stale and musty in here, but all we need to do is air it out.Giles: Air it out? This place needs a lot more than an airing out. The kitchen smells putrid. I wonder what died in there.Julia: There is a faint smell of something nasty in there, but I don’t think it permeates through the rest of the building, do you?Giles: No, but there are different nasty smells in other parts of the building. Oh! There’s a really strong burnt, smoky smell in this corner. Hold your breath!Julia: This is a restaurant. I’m sure a thorough cleaning will make all the difference.Giles: That might be true for the kitchen, but what will you do in the dining room? An entire truckload of scented candles or bottles of perfume couldn’t mask those foul smells. This place just stinks, from top to bottom!Julia: All right, I’ll look for another building, but this place is cheap and within our budget.ESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different SmellsGiles: Yes, but if I had to work here, I’d first have to lose my sense of smell! [end of dialogue]Giles begins by saying to Julia, “Do you really think we’ll be able to renovate this place and turn it into a restaurant?” “To renovate” means to improve a room or an entire building by usually rebuilding parts of it, expanding it, perhaps putting different decoration – different colors, that sort of thing. “To renovate” means to make new, in some ways, the room or the building. Giles wants to take a place, some place they own or are renting, and turn it into a restaurant, meaning make it into a restaurant. Maybe it was a store before, now it would be something different.Julia says, “It’s not so bad.” The place is not too bad is what she’s saying. She says, “I know it smells a little stale and musty in here, but all we need to do is air it out.” “Stale” is a way of describing a smell that is not fresh, that is old; something that smells used could be described as stale. “Musty” (musty) is something that smells like it’s slightly wet; it’s a very bad smell, usually because there hasn’t been enough air circulation in a particular area. If you live in the northern part of the United States and your house has a basement, sometimes in the basement it can get very moist, very damp, meaning there’s water there, and that can lead to a musty smell. “To air (something) out” means to open windows or to do something to make the air move around the particular space so it dries out, smells better, gets rid of the bad smells. You might open a window, for example, to air something out.Giles says, “Air it out? This place needs a lot more than an airing out.” Notice he uses “airing out” as a noun, from the verb “to air (something) out.” He says, “The kitchen smells putrid.” “Putrid” (putrid) is the smell of something that is dead, something that is perhaps decaying, meaning that, for example, it’s been sitting there for a long time and so it starts to come apart. A human body, if it were left in a room – a dead body, that is – would start to decay. It would start to change colors; it would start to smell bad. Well, that bad smell we could describe as being putrid. It doesn’t just mean it’s a dead body; there are other things that can smell putrid. “Putrid” is perhaps one on the most negative words you can use to describe the way that something smells. Giles says, “I wonder what died in there.” He’s joking; he doesn’t mean something actually is dead in there – although it’s possible!Julia says, “There is a faint smell of something nasty in there, but I don’t think it permeates through the rest of the building, do you?” A “faint (faint) smell” is aESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different Smellsvery slight, very small – so small you can almost not notice it. “Faint” has a lot of different meanings in English in addition to this one. Take a look at the Learning Guide for some more explanations. “Nasty” (nasty) is something that is very unpleasant; we might even say it’s disgusting or it’s gross. It’s a very negative way to describe something. You could say, “It was a nasty fight.” The two people were fighting, they were yelling at each other, they were shouting, using bad language. That would be a nasty fight. Here, “nasty” means that the smell is very bad. Julia says there’s a faint smell something nasty in there, but she doesn’t think it permeates through the rest of the building. “To permeate” (permeate) means to be present in every part of something – in every part of, in this case, the building. If a nasty smell permeates the building, we mean you can smell it everywhere in the building.Giles says that he doesn’t think the nasty smell permeates through the rest of the building, but there are different nasty smells in other parts of the building. He then says, “Oh! There’s a really strong burnt, smoky smell in this corner. Hold your breath!” A “burnt (burnt) smell” would be something that smells after it has been damaged by fire. “Smoky,” similarly, means that something has been burning, or something has been producing smoke, and the smoke is now the smell that you get when you go close to that object. So if there’s a fire in the room, and there was a wooden chair, after the fire whatever is left of the chair might have a burnt, smoky smell. Giles says to Julia, “Hold your breath!” “To hold your breath” means not to breathe, usually because you don’t want to smell something. You want to avoid a bad smell, hold your breath. It means not to breathe.Julia says, “This is a restaurant. I’m sure a thorough cleaning will make all the difference.” So I guess they’re in a building that had a restaurant, but it’s an old one and it needs cleaning up. Giles says, “That might be true for the kitchen, but what will you do in the dining room (the place where people eat, or dine)? An entire truckload of scented candles or bottles of perfume couldn’t mask those foul smells. This place just stinks, from top to bottom!” Giles says that an entire truckload of scented candles or bottles of perfume couldn’t mask those fouls smells. A “truckload,” here, would be the amount that you could put into a truck; more generally, it just means a large amount of something. So he’s saying that even if we had a large number of scented candles – “scented” means with a pleasant smell. So you buy a candle, and you light it, and it gives off a pleasant smell. That would be a scented candle. I personally don’t like scented candles, because I don’t think the smell is very pleasant at all usually. Giles also mentions bottles of perfume. “Perfume” is a liquid with a strong, pleasant smell. It’s used primarily by women. When men use perfume, they don’t call it perfume, they typically call it “cologne,” just so they don’t seem like they’re women I guess.ESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different SmellsI don’t know; it’s all perfume basically! “To mask” (mask) means to cover something, to make it difficult or impossible to see or smell or hear something. In this case, make it difficult to smell something. “Foul” (foul) is like the word “putrid,” something that is very unpleasant, something that is very bad. “Foul,” however, has some other meanings; take a look at the Learning Guide for those. So going back, Giles says, “An entire truckload of scented candles or bottles of perfume couldn’t mask those foul smells. This place just stinks, from top to bottom!” “To stink” means to have a very bad smell. You would never want to say to your boss or to your girlfriend, “Boy, you really stink!” That is not a nice thing to say. More generally, “stink” means to be very bad at something. So we could say, “Ah, that baseball player stinks.” “David Beckham stinks,” for example. I’m not saying he actually stinks; I don’t watch soccer so I don’t really know! But when Giles says, “This place just stinks,” he means it literally stinks; it smells “from top to bottom,” meaning the entire building – the entire room.Julia says, “All right, I’ll look for another building, but this place is cheap and within our budget,” meaning we can afford it; we have enough money for what we planned. Giles says, “Yes, but if I had to work here, I’d first have to lose my sense of smell!” Your sense of smell is your ability to smell. We talk about the five senses: smell, see, hear, taste, and touch. And then of course, the sixth sense, which is the ability to see dead people – if you saw the movie, you know what I’m talking about!Now let’s listen to the dialogue again, this time at a normal speed.[start of dialogue]Giles: Do you really think we’ll be able to renovate this place and turn it into a restaurant?Julia: It’s not so bad. I know it smells a little stale and musty in here, but all we need to do is air it out.Giles: Air it out? This place needs a lot more than an airing out. The kitchen smells putrid. I wonder what died in there.Julia: There is a faint smell of something nasty in there, but I don’t think it permeates through the rest of the building, do you?Giles: No, but there are different nasty smells in other parts of the building. Oh! There’s a really strong burnt, smoky smell in this corner. Hold your breath!ESL Podcast 543 – Describing Different Smells Julia: This is a restaurant. I’m sure a thorough cleaning will make all the difference.Giles: That might be true for the kitchen, but what will you do in the dining room? An entire truckload of scented candles or bottles of perfume couldn’t mask those foul smells. This place just stinks, from top to bottom!Julia: All right, I’ll look for another building, but this place is cheap and within our budget.Giles: Yes, but if I had to work here, I’d first have to lose my sense of smell! [end of dialogue]There was nothing stale about this dialogue, because it was written by Dr. Lucy Tse.From Los Angeles, California, I’m Jeff McQuillan. Thank you for listening. Come back and listen to us next time on ESL Podcast.English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse, hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan, copyright 2010 by the Center for Educational Development.。
CLIK S 耳机用户手册说明书
User Guide• Both earbuds have buttons that apply different functions • Earbuds auto connect to each other and the last paired device • Can be charged using USB C cable or by wireless QI charging • Holds 10 hours of charge and will recharge themselves using the battery available in the case• CLIK S will come with 3 different sized ear tips• Can be charged using USB C cable or by wireless Qi charging• Press charge check button once and LED lights will indicate the battery level •Holds 20 hours of batteryEARTIPEARBUD INFORMATIONCHARGING CASE INFORMATIONTOUCH BUTTONBATTERYMICROPHONELEDCHARGING LEVELBUTTONUS E R GU I DECLIK SHow to use forMusic CallsLEFT EARBUD RIGHT EARBUD RIGHT EARBUDDouble TapDouble Tap Double TapSingle Tap Single TapTriple TapTriple TapSkip TrackVolume Up Reject + Put On HoldPause + Play Answer + End Call Restart TrackVolume DownUS E R GU I DECLIK SConnecting your CLIK S via bluetoothYour CLIK S earbuds will turn on once removed from the charging case and will automatically pair to each other. The LED lights willflash blue when they are currently trying to pair.Once connected, the LED light will change from blueto red, and your earbuds will say ‘connected’.To connect your earbuds to your mobile phoneor other device:1. Go to your phones settings2. Select Bluetooth3. Find and selectMymanu CLIK SUS E R GU I DECLIK SGetting started for translation4. In settings , select languages ,then pick your language3. Go to settings , select my region , and choose your region - this provides youwith the fastest translation2. Create an account1. Download the MyJuno appon Android or IOSUS E R GU I DECLIK SGet your free premium subscription2. Input device type and serial number (this can be found on your CLIK box and manual)3. Once activated, you can enjoy to all thelanguages and functionalities5XC1XFG 8FGRGL23M1. In the MyJuno app, go to settings ,select register deviceSERIAL NUMBER1. Connect your earbuds to yourdevice via bluetooth2. Open MyJuno and select solo translation3. Select connect to link your earbudsto the MyJuno app4. Select yourlanguage Solo translate is for in-person, physical conversations and canbe used with or without CLIK earbuds.Solo translate is for in-person, physical conversations and can be used with or without CLIK earbuds.5. Select your translation language6. Click and hold your left earbud button andspeak. Release button after sentence.7. The person receiving your conversation will hear the translation through the phone. For further translation, they can tap and hold the flag button to speak and release the button aftertheir sentence.Group translation is used for conversations with two or more people, wearing CLIK S or not,wherever they are in the world.1. Open the MyJuno app2. Select Group and create a new group3. Name your group (you can add a picture topersonalise it)4. Set your group to public or private5. Search for the people you want inyour group and send them an invite orthe group QR code6. Invited parties can accept yourinvite requests or join the group byscanning the QR codeIf you wear CLIK SIf interlocutor doesn’t wear CLIK SGroup translation is used for conversations with two or more people, wearing CLIK Sor not, wherever they are in the world.1. Find your group by selecting chat andclicking Groups3. You can also press the keyboard icon towrite a messageText and speech will be instantly translated into the languages of your recipients and sent as a written transcript and as audio played through the interlocutor device. (or CLIK S earbuds if applicable).2. Tap and hold the talk button on your screen.Release button after sentenceUS E R GU I DECLIK S For further information, please visit or email: ******************Contact us。
ESAB Plasmarc 2-56 配件包说明书
2-Plasma Flow Measuring KitPlasmit w/TorchTorch Guide Kits■ Includes attachments for circle and straight linecutting on ferrous and non-ferrous metals■ For additional information, order literature number EMB-1074 (Deluxe Kit) and/or EMB-1075 (Basic Kit)Adaptor for PT-17AM and PT -20AMX Torches⏹ Adapts PT -17AM torch to PCM-875 and PCM-1125 console for manual cutting⏹ Adapts PT -17AM/PT -20AM torches to PCM-875 and PCM-1125 consoles for mechanized cutting90° Head Angle Converter Kit for PT -27/23 Torch⏹ Fits between handle and head of torch ⏹ Gives the effect of a 90° angle torch headPlasma Flow Measuring Kit⏹ Valuable troubleshooting tool⏹ Allows measurement of actual plasma gas flow through torchRemote Hand Switch⏹ Allows the operator to start and stop the cutting process with a remote switch.⏹ Used primarily for mechanized cutting and is included in the mechanized Plasmarc packagesTorch Retrofit Kits⏹ Allow select ESAB Plasmarc torches to be retrofitted to other brand plasma consoles⏹ Do not include the torch, which must be purchased separatelyLeather Sheath⏹ A 10 ft. (3 m) leather sheath to protect torch leads from abrasion and molten metal⏹ Particularly recommended for plasma gougingPlasmits⏹ Special flexible shields attach around the head of a plasma cutting torch to provide added protection against heat and molten metal⏹ Recommended for heavy duty plasma gouging applicationsTorch Wrap & Kit Holder⏹ This enables operator to store spare parts kit, wrap torch and work cable for easy transport and storageWheel Kit⏹ This enables easy transport of the PCM-500i,PCM-875 and PCM-1125 Series; and PowerCut ®875/1125 and PowerCut ®1250/1500 Series MachinesDeluxe Torch GuideKitBasic TorchGuide KitTorch Wrap and Kit Holder PowerCut ® MachinesWheel KitPowerCut ® MachinesOrdering InformationT orch Wrap and Kit Holder, PCM Series.................................33952GY T orch Wrap and Kit Holder, PowerCut ® 875/1125 ..............0558003013T orch Wrap and Kit Holder, PowerCut ® 1250/1500 (0558003059)T orch Wrap & Kit Holder PowerCut ®650 ...........................0558003398Wheel Kit PowerCut ® 650 ..................................................0558003399 Wheel Kit, PCM Series ................................................................34324Wheel Kit, PowerCut ® 875/1125 ........................................0558003014Wheel Kit, PowerCut ® 1250/1500 ......................................0558003060T orch Guide Kit for PT -17, 23/27, 25, 31/34 & PT -32EH T orches (Deluxe: 1-3/4 in. (44.45 mm) - 42 in. (106.7 cm) Radius) 0558003258PT -17 Bushing ...........................................................................TJ2226PT -23/27 Bushing ......................................................................TJ2225PT -25 Bushing ...........................................................................TJ2230PT -31XL Bushing .......................................................................TJ2228PT -32 Bushing ...................................................................0558003257T orch Guide Kit for PT -27/31XL/34/32 T orch(Basic: 1-3/4 in. (44.45 mm) - 28 in. (71 cm) Radius) .....0558********° Angle Converter Kit for PT -27 ............................................ 000222Plasma Flow Measuring Kit ........................................................19765Remote Hand Switch PT -20AMX ............................................. 680982Remote Hand Switch ESP-150 and ESP-200 .........................2075600Remote Hand Switch PT -21AMX .......................................0558003612Retrofit Kit to adapt PT -17A to PAK5XR/P AK10XR......................31548Retrofit Kit to adapt PT -31XL/ PT -27 to MAX-40 ..........................1822810 Ft. Leather Sheath with Snaps(For use with any ESAB Plasmarc torch) ................................20812Plasmit for PT -17A Manual T orch .................................................20803Plasmit for PT -121, 75° Torch .....................................................20742Plasmit for PT -121/PT -25, 90° Torch ............................................20801Plasmit for PT -121, Mechanical T orch ..........................................20802Plasmit for PT -251, 75° Torch .....................................................20805Plasmit for PT -26 70° T orch ...............................................0558006717Plasmit for PT -26 90° T orch ...............................................0558006718Plasmit for PT -251 Mechanical Torch ...........................................20807Adaptor for PT-17A & PT-20AMX on PCM-875 & PCM-1125 .. (19500)。
泛听篇：ESLPod入门操作指南
泛听篇：ESLPod入门操作指南展开全文【ESLPod简要介绍】今天这篇文章讲讲泛听，我选择的泛听材料是风靡全球的ESLPod。
ESLPod简单地说就是一个Podcast，那什么是Podcast（播客）呢？Podcast类似于电台，但和BBC、VOA等不同的是，Podcast一般由个人制作，而非官方，而且播讲内容也比较轻松愉快有趣，不像新闻那么严肃正式。
ESLPod (English as a Second Language Podcast)是一款针对初级和进阶英语学习者使用的播客材料，两位播讲主持人分别是Dr. Jeff McQuillan和Dr. Lucy Tse。
ESLPod分为Daily English和English Cafe，前者主要针对地道表达和习语（针对听力和口语的提高），后者主要针对英语国家文化。
下面说到的ESLPod，默认指的是Daily English。
ESLPod的内容比较丰富，包含了生活的方方面面的实用英语表达，如旅行、工作、娱乐、饮食等等。
ESLPod的模式很简单。
每集大概有20分钟，首先是一段慢速短文；然后Jeff对短文中所用到的表达进行讲解，讲解时所用到的词汇都是十分简单易懂的；最后，Jeff博士再把这段短文用常速说一遍。
【ESPod学习原理】关于学习原理，Dr. Jeff在ESLPod专门拿出第0集来讲解学习和提升英语的原理，我个人强烈建议初学者听一下第0期。
这个材料的核心理念是“T o pick up, or to acquire a language, to really know the language, you have to understand the language”，也就是说，只有听和读那些你能够理解大部分（大概是85%或90%）的材料，你才能吸收，你才能提高你的英语。
因此，ESLPod的播讲语速非常慢，目的就是为了能让收听的人听懂大部分。
利用你懂得大部分知识来吸收不懂的少部分知识。
ESLPod_609_Guide
ESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles1GLOSSARYto be in the market for (something) – to be shopping for something; to beconsidering all the types of something that are available for sale, deciding which one to buy* How long have you been in the market for a new computer?truck – a large vehicle used to carry many things, not just people, usually with an open area in the back to carry large items* Some people who live in rural areas like to have a truck so that they can carry farm goods.just about – almost; approximately* Mariah likes just about every type of dessert: cake, pie, cookies, ice cream, candy, pudding, pastries, and more!vehicle – a large machine with an engine that is used to carry people and things from one place to another* The bus company just bought 20 new vehicles to provide more frequenttransportation service within the city.compact – a small-sized car* Many people choose the Toyota Yaris, Honda Civic, or other compact cars because they have better gas mileage than larger cars do.mid-size cars – a medium-sized car, not too small and not too big* With four people and a baby going on vacation, we’ll need to rent a mid-sized car to fit everyone comfortably.sedan – a four-door car with room for at least four passengers* When James got married and became a father, he had to sell his motorcycle and buy a sedan instead.coupe – a sports car; a small car with only two doors* It’s difficult to put children into the rear seat of a coupe, so most families prefer to have a larger car.hatchback – a car that offers a lot of storage space in the back, with a back door that opens from bottom to top* Do you think my bike will fit in your hatchback?ESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles2convertible – a car with a roof that folds down or can be removed, so that one feels the wind while driving* A convertible isn’t a very practical car if you live in an area where it rains a lot.sports car – a small car that goes very fast; a car made to travel at high speeds * When Geoffrey had a mid-life crisis, he bought a bright red sports car because it made him feel younger.no sweat – no problem; a phrase used to let someone else know that one isn’t worried about something and/or has a solution for a problem* If you haven’t finished your taxes by April 15th , no sweat. Just request an extension.station wagon – a large car that has a lot of storage space in the back* The station wagon has plenty of room for grocery bags, sports equipment, and all the other things we need to take around town.minivan – a large vehicle with seven or eight seats* With four kids in car seats, a minivan was really their only option when they needed to buy a car.SUV – sports utility vehicle; a strong, large car that is designed to travel over uneven surfaces* Why do you need an SUV if you only drive in the city?to seat – to have enough seats for a certain number of people* This airplane seats more than 150 passengers.anywhere from (something) to (something) – ranging from something to something; with a specific minimum and maximum amount* Our employees have annual vacation leave periods of anywhere from one week to five weeks, depending on how long they have worked for the company.pickup – a small truck with a large, open area in the back with low sides, used for carrying heavy things from one place to another* They filled their pickup truck with hay for the horses to eat.ESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles3COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1. Which of these vehicles is the largest?a) A compact.b) A sedan.c) A minivan.2. Which of these vehicles would be most helpful on a farm?a) A coupe.b) A convertible sports car.c) A pickup.______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?just aboutThe phrase “just about,” in this podcast, means almost or approximately: “That was just about the best movie I’ve ever seen!” The phrase “just then” means at that exact time, or precisely then: “Mrs. Hagstrom was taking the cake out of the oven, but just then her cat ran into her and the cake fell to the floor.” The phrase “just the thing” is used to describe something that is perfect, or exactly what someone wanted: “At the end of a long day, a glass of good wine is just the thing.” Finally, the phrase “not just yet” is used when one doesn’t want to do something at that exact moment, but will probably do it soon: A: “Are you ready to go?” B: “Not just yet. I need to finish putting on my makeup.”to seatIn this podcast, the verb “to seat” means to have enough seats for a certainnumber of people: “They’re looking for a conference room that can seat up to 500 participants.” When used as a formal command, “to seat” can mean to have a seat or to sit down: “Please be seated and open your materials to page 483.” A “car seat” is a special chair put inside a car for babies and very young children, to keep them safe in an accident: “Babies should be in a rear-facing car seat until they are one year old, and then they can be in a forward-facing car seat.” A “booster seat” is used for older children who aren’t yet big enough to use aregular seat belt: “Small children are safest in booster seats, because they put the child higher up so that the car’s seatbelt can work properly.”ESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles4CULTURE NOTESUVs and other large cars were very popular among American “consumers” (buyers; shoppers) in the 1990s and early 2000s. Most people believed that SUVs were safer, because they had a larger, “sturdier” (stronger) “frame” (the main structural pieces) and would “fare better” (not be damaged as much) in “collisions” (hits; accidents) with other cars. Many drivers also liked the “ride height” of the SUVs, which let them feel higher up than other cars and, in some ways, safer.In addition, many people liked the “rugged” (rough; outdoor-like) “styling” (the way something looks) of most SUVs. Even if they drove the SUVs “primarily” (mostly) in the city, they liked having the image of someone who enjoys theoutdoors. People who needed a “higher-performance” (capable of doing more things better) vehicle liked the “four-wheel drive” (ability to control all four wheels) offered in most SUVs, especially in areas where the roads are often covered in snow and ice.As long as gas prices were “relatively” (comparatively) low, people could drive their SUVs without worrying about their lower “gas mileage” (the number of miles that can be driven with one gallon of gasoline). In the mid-2000s, however, economic conditions changed and SUVs began to “lose ground” (become less competitive or less attractive) in the “automobile market” (sales of vehicles). Gas prices “rose” (increased) and suddenly it became “prohibitively” (makingsomething impossible) expensive to “fill the tank” (fill a car with gasoline) of an SUV. People began selling their SUVs, “opting” (choosing) to replace them with smaller, more “fuel-efficient” (with higher gas mileage) cars and even “hybrids” (cars that get very good gas mileage because they use an electric system). Today, Americans still drive many SUVs, but they are not as popular as they were 10 years ago.______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – c; 2 – cESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles5COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 609: Types of Cars and Vehicles.This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 609. I’m your host, Dr. Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development in beautiful Los Angeles, California.Go to our website at and download a Learning Guide for this episode that will help you improve your English even faster.This episode is called “Types of Cars and Vehicles.” It’s a dialogue betweenRobert and Mary, where we’re going to hear a lot of vocabulary related to types, or kinds, of cars. Let’s get started.[start of dialogue]Robert: Hi, I’m Robert. What are you in the market for today?Mary: I want to buy a new car, but I’m not sure what I want.Robert: Well, you’ve come to the right place. We have a very large selection of cars and trucks – just about any type of vehicle you can think of. Why don’t I show you around?Mary: Okay, that would be great.Robert: Over here, we have some nice compacts and mid-size cars. We have two-door or four-door sedans, coupes, and hatchbacks. We even have this beautiful convertible sports car. What do you think?Mary: It’s very nice, but I want something a little bigger for my family.Robert: Okay, no sweat. Walk this way and you’ll see our station wagons,minivans, and SUVs. These seat anywhere from 6 to 10 people. We even have pickups.Mary: I’m not sure if any of these will fit my family?Robert: How many children do you have?ESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles6Mary: Eleven.Robert: Eleven? In that case, you might want to buy two![end of dialogue]The scene of this dialogue is a “car dealership,” a place where they sell new cars. The salesperson is named Robert, and Robert begins our dialogue by saying, “Hi, I’m Robert. What are you in the market for today?” “To be in themarket for (something)” means to be shopping for something, to be considering a certain kind of something that is available for sale; you’re deciding which oneyou’re going to buy. You might say, “I’m in the market for a new phone.” I really need a new phone. I wish the listeners of ESL Podcast would give me an iPhone and an iPad. That’s what I’m in the market for; I’m going to buy them. Of course, if someone gave them to me, I would not say no!Well, Mary is in the market for buying a new car, or simply in the market for a new car. She says, “I want to buy a new car, but I’m not sure what I want.” Robert says, “Well, you’ve come to the right place (you are in the right place).We have a very large selection of cars and trucks – just about any type of vehicle you can think of.” A “truck” is a large vehicle used to carry things, not just carry people. Usually there is an open area in the back of the vehicle to put largeobjects. The expression “just about” means almost or approximately. “What time is it?” “It’s just about noon.” Or, you could say, “We have just about every kind of dessert here. Cakes, pies, cookies, ice cream, candy, and so forth.” So, “just about” is almost or approximately, but there are some other meanings you can find in our Learning Guide for these words.Robert says they have just about any type of vehicle you can think of. “Vehicle” (vehicle) is any large machine with an engine that is used to carry people orthings from one place to another. It could be a car; it could be a truck; it could be a motorcycle, anything that has a motor – an engine – that is used to movepeople from one place to another. Robert says, “Why don’t I show you around?” “Why don’t” here means I think it is a good idea. “To show (someone) around” is a phrasal verb meaning to give you a tour of an area or to show you what, in this case, the store has for sale.Mary says, “Okay, that would be great,” meaning yes. Robert says, “Over here, we have some nice compacts and mid-size cars.” A “compact car” is a very small car, one of the smallest you can find. A “mid-size (mid-size) car” is aESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles7medium-sized car – not too small, not too big, somewhere in the middle. Robert says, “We have two-door or four-door sedans, coupes, and hatchbacks.” These are three kinds of cars. A “sedan” (sedan) is usually a car with four doors – two in front, two in back – that has room for at least four people. A “coupe” (coupe) is a small car with only two doors, and is usually what we would call a “sports car.” It’s a car that goes fast, that looks nice, that will allow you to attract a lot ofbeautiful women – well, certain kinds of women! A “hatchback” (hatchback – one word) is a car that has either two or four doors, but in the back it has a very large door that opens up, and usually you can put large items in the back of this kind of car. Often the seats in the back will go down – will fold down so you have more room. I have a hatchback car; there are four doors and then there is a fifth door, a large door that is where you would normally find the trunk of the car – the back storage part of the car, and that is used just like a trunk but it’s much bigger than a trunk. So, we have sedans, coupes, and hatchbacks. Robert says, “We even have this beautiful convertible sports car.” A “convertible car” is one where the roof – the top of the car folds down or can be removed so that you don’t haveanything above you, there’s no roof. A sports car, as I mentioned earlier, is often a small car, usually expensive, that can go very fast, so you can attract the attention of police officers!Robert shows all these cars to Mary and says, “What do you think?” What do you think of these cars? Mary says, “It’s very nice, but I want something bigger for my family.” Robert says, “Okay, no sweat.” “No sweat” (sweat) means noproblem. It’s an informal phrase we use to let someone else know that what they are concerned about or what they are worried about is not a problem; you have a solution for your problem.“No sweat,” he says, “Walk this way (come with me) and you’ll see our station wagons, minivans, and SUVs.” A “station wagon” is a large car that has a lot of storage space in the back. It’s long more than it is tall. So, it is a long car,usually four doors, but there is also a hatchback-like door in the back, but there’s a lot more space. These were very popular in the 60s and the 70s and the 80s. They’ve become less popular now because there are some other kinds of large vehicles that are used such as minivans and SUVs, which we’ll explain in a moment. But station wagons were very popular. My father always drove astation wagon until he was at least in his 70s. Part of the reason was that he had a big family, and so he needed all of that room. In fact, I bought his old station wagon and drove it when I was in graduate school. That really attracted the beautiful women! “Minivans” are large vehicles that have a lot of room forpassengers – for people. Typically they’ll have seven or eight seats. It’s long,but much taller than a station wagon. A “SUV” is a sports utility vehicle. This is aESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles8large car, both tall and long, and very heavy. It was originally designed to travel on uneven surfaces, places like the desert or in the country where are no roads. But in fact, most people that own these SUVs don’t use them anywhere outside of the regular roads and highways. They’re very popular here in Los Angeles and in many other cities. They are definitely not the cheapest cars you can buy.Getting back to the dialogue, Robert says, “These seat anywhere from 6 to 10people.” The expression “to seat” (seat) as a verb means it has enough seats for that many people. So for example, a stadium – a baseball stadium that has 55,000 seats would be described as a stadium that seats 55,000. Robert says that these station wagons, minivans, and SUVs seat anywhere from 6 to 10people. The expression “anywhere from…(one number to another – anywhere from 5 to 50)” is simply used to express a range of something, to give theminimum and the maximum – anywhere from X to Y. Robert also says that they have pickups (pickups – one word). A “pickup,” or sometimes it’s called a“pickup truck” is a small truck with a large open area in the back that has lowsides. It’s very similar to other kinds of trucks, except the pickup truck always, or almost always doesn’t have a cover on the back part where you put largeobjects, the flat part in the back of the vehicle.Mary says, “I’m not sure if any of these will fit my family?” meaning will be good enough or big enough. Robert says, “How many children do you have?” Mary says, “Eleven.” Robert says, “Eleven? In that case (in that situation), you might want to buy two (two cars or two trucks or two station wagons)!” Of course, some of you know I am the youngest of 11 children, so perhaps this dialogue was written for me – after all, my mother’s name is Mary!Now let’s listen to the dialogue at a normal speed.[start of dialogue]Robert: Hi, I’m Robert. What are you in the market for today?Mary: I want to buy a new car, but I’m not sure what I want.Robert: Well, you’ve come to the right place. We have a very large selection of cars and trucks – just about any type of vehicle you can think of. Why don’t I show you around?Mary: Okay, that would be great.ESL Podcast 609 – Types of Cars and Vehicles9Robert: Over here, we have some nice compacts and mid-size cars. We have two-door or four-door sedans, coupes, and hatchbacks. We even have this beautiful convertible sports car. What do you think?Mary: It’s very nice, but I want something a little bigger for my family.Robert: Okay, no sweat. Walk this way and you’ll see our station wagons,minivans, and SUVs. These seat anywhere from 6 to 10 people. We even have pickups.Mary: I’m not sure if any of these will fit my family?Robert: How many children do you have?Mary: Eleven.Robert: Eleven? In that case, you might want to buy two![end of dialogue]She can write scripts on just about any topic, that’s our own Dr. Lucy Tse.From Los Angeles, California, I’m Jeff McQuillan. Thank you for listening. Come back and listen to us next time on ESL Podcast.English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse, hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan, copyright 2010 by the Center for Educational Development.。
悍马汽车部件维修指南说明书
Cutoff Indicator Works........... 49
How Your Front Airbags Work.......................................... 46
CONTINUED
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v w
Main Menu
Index
Bulb Replacement Back-up Lights ........................... 206 Stop Light ................................... 206 Cargo Area Light ....................... 211 Front Parking Lights................. 205 Front Side Marker Lights......... 204 Headlights .................................. 202 High-mount Brake Light .......... 207 Interior Lights............................ 210 License Plate Lights.................. 209 Side Marker Lights ................... 204 Side Turn Signal Lights ............ 208 Specifications ............................. 251 Turn Signal Lights..................... 203
腊肠加勒克智能音频平台开发套件说明书
The Qualcomm Smart Audio PlatformDevelopment Kit is designed to include the building blocks for creating a smart speaker, making it simpler for audio manufacturers to start developing straight out of the box. By helping to reduce the development time, effort and costs associated with designing and customizing smart speaker products, the Qualcomm Smart Audio Platform Development Kit can help audio manufacturers to create differentiated smart speaker products, and capitalize on growing smart speaker opportunities across a range of price points.Based on our highly-flexible Qualcomm Smart Audio Platform, the development kit is designed to bring together a powerful combination of our processing, connectivity, voice user interface and premium audio technologies in a unique end-to-end example design for smart speakers.Developers have the flexibility to choose one of two operating systems: either Linux, along with support for Amazon Alexa Voice Service (AVS), Qualcomm ® aptX™ audio, and our multi-room networked audio technology; or Android Things™, which includes support for the Google Assistant with Cast built-in.Additional extensions are available thatbring support for our advanced audio codecs and speaker amplifiers, such as Qualcomm ® DDFA™ amplifier chipsets with premium Class D digital amplifier technology.Qualcomm Smart Audio Platform, Qualcomm aptX, Qualcomm DDFA and APQ8009 are products of QualcommT echnologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.This material is subject to change without notice.87-CF483-1 Rev. BA comprehensive, customizabledevelopment kit and example design that helps to streamline the process of developing smart speakers.Kit ContentsT wo variants of the Qualcomm Smart Audio Platform Development Kit are available:without AcousticsDB- SMART-AUDIO-APQ8009-0-A• APQ8009 SoM • Carrier board • Power supply • Power cable • Antennas• Quick Start Guide and User Guidewith AcousticsDK- SMART-AUDIO-APQ8009-0-A• APQ8009 SoM (System-on-Module)• Carrier board• Six microphone array board • Microphone array module • Speaker casing and dual-drivers • Power supply• Cables: power cable, carrier board to speaker cable • Antennas• Quick Start Guide and User Guide • Design files and schematicsSoM and Carrier Boardzz Wi-Fi certified SoM featuring theAPQ8009 processor and containing key system componentszz Best in class connectivity with 2x2 MIMO 802.11ac, Bluetooth ® 4.2 with profiles such as A2DP (SBC, AAC, MP3, aptX), HFP and AVRCPzz High-quality Bluetooth/Wi-Fi coexistence through separate Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signal pathszz Reference speaker casing with bi-amped, two-way speakerszz Six-microphone array board designed to meet far-field voice user interface performance qualityzz Multi-microphone far-field voice with keyword detection, noise suppression,beamforming, and stereo echo cancellation technologyzz Premium audio, high resolution 24-bit audio and multi-room networked audio z z Support for leading voice assistantszz Compatible with our DDFA Class D digital amplifier which supports a superiorlistening experiencez z Qualcomm ® Hexagon ™ SDK whichincludes a rich set of tools which supportcustomization of the Hexagon DSP software and help to reduce developmenttime and effortFeaturesQualcomm Hexagon, Qualcomm Adreno, QCA9379, WCD9326, WGR7640 and PM8916 are products of Qualcomm T echnologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.SoM SpecificationsDimensions 46.5 x 50mm Pro c essor APQ8009 **********************************Hexagon V56 DSP Qualcomm ® Adreno™ 304 GPU Connectivity QCA9379 2x2 11ac MIMO + Bluetooth/Bluetooth Low Energy v4.2with integrated RF front endMemory/Storage 1GB LPDDR3 RAM/ 4GB eMMC Flash PMIC PM8916 GPS WGR7640Audio Codec WCD9326Interfaces UART, USB 2.0, I 2C, TDM mode capable I 2S,SPI, GPIOs, Aux input and Line outOperating SystemsLinux Embedded, Android Things©2018 Qualcomm T echnologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Qualcomm, Hexagon and Adreno are trademarks of Qualcomm Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries. aptX and DDFA are trademarks of Qualcomm T echnologies International, Ltd., registered in the United States and other countries. The Bluetooth ® word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Qualcomm T echnologies International, Ltd. is under license. Android Things is a trademark of Google Inc. Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. 0618AA rich set of tools is available to help customize the Hexagon DSP software and support reduced development effort.Visit Qualcomm ® Developer Network to download the dedicated Hexagon DSP SDK.https:///software/hexagon-dsp-sdkSoftware Development KitSpeaker Casingy 360 degree audio y Bi-amped, 2-way speakers y Detachable Mic Array Module y Includes both TDM and PDM microphonesy Buttons: Power/Vol+/Vol-/Activate/Mute y RGB LEDs with LED controller y Dedicated Mute LED indication(Included in Qualcomm Smart Audio Platform Development Kit with Acoustics)ProductPart NumberQualcomm Smart Audio Platform Dev Kit with acousticsDK- SMART-AUDIO-APQ8009-0-A Qualcomm Smart Audio Platform Dev Kit (without acoustics)DB- SMART-AUDIO-APQ8009-0-AOrdering Information。
ESLPod英语学习会（2005...
ESLPod英语学习会（2005... ESLPod英语学习会是⼀个付费性的英语互助学习团体
学习会材料的优势
会内共享的学习材料将由学习会发起⼈，即我们的⼯作⼈员进⾏整理和维护，确保材料⾥不会出现重复、⽬录混乱、资料安排没有逻辑等情况。
且⽹盘内材料不会存在压缩包形式，⽅便会员直接在⼿机上⽤⽹盘客户端学习。
同时我们对原始课程⽂件做了⼩⼩的修改：
1. 修改⾳频和PDF⽂件名为期数 - 课程名形式
2. ⾳频封⾯照⽚上加上了课程名和分类
3. 不再使⽤m4a格式，对⽼硬件设备的兼容性更好
4. 加了点⽔印，因为⼀直有商户直接把我们的材料买去后再次出售
特定课程缺失的说明
Podcast早年（05年）出版时，有约10期没有对应PDF，同时约100多期的PDF内容格式和后期的不同，较为简陋，除此以外其余PDF⽂件皆为官⽅出版的⽂字版PDF，⾮图⽚扫描版。
这点在官⽅改版全⾯收费前的⽹站上能查证到。
为什么每周更新⼀两期那么少
事实上我们已经有⼤量最近的课程了，但因为每次给顾客发送新课程前，我们都是要进⾏整理修订的（具体修订内容请见群内说明），有⼀定⼯作量；其次是因为每周更新⼀期更利于学习会内成员同步学习互相帮助互相讨论。
对于部分学习进度快有⼤量时间的会员，相信前11年⼀千多期的课程也⾜够学习了。
Dual-Mode Bluetooth CC2564 评估板快速启动指南说明书
Quick Start GuideSWRU441–December2015 Dual-Mode Bluetooth®CC2564Evaluation BoardThis quick start guide offers an overview of the CC256XQFNEM evaluation board,including the required hardware and software tools,and describes the basic settings.For more information on using the CC256XQFNEM board,see the Dual-Mode Bluetooth CC2564Evaluation Board User Guide(SWRU450).Contents1Introduction (2)2CC256XQFNEM Kit Contents (2)3CC256XQFNEM Requirements (3)4CC256XQFNEM Board Overview (3)5CC256XQFNEM Board Settings (5)List of Figures1CC256XQFNEM Board (2)2Hardware Setup Examples (3)3CC256XQFNEM Front View (4)4CC256XQFNEM Back View (4)List of Tables1EM1Standard Pinout (5)2EM2Standard Pinout (5)3COM Connector Pinout (6)MSP430is a trademark of Texas Instruments.Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG.All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.1 SWRU441–December2015Dual-Mode Bluetooth®CC2564Evaluation Board Submit Documentation FeedbackCopyright©2015,Texas Instruments IncorporatedIntroduction 1IntroductionThe TI CC256XQFNEM board is used to evaluate the dual-mode Bluetooth CC2564controller,whichsupports classic Bluetooth and Bluetooth low energy(LE)wireless technology.The CC256XQFNEM board works with the following hardware development kits(HDKs):•MSP-EXP430F5529•MSP-EXP430F5438•DK-TM4C123G•DK-TM4C129XThe CC256x Bluetooth device is a complete basic rate(BR),enhanced data rate(EDR),and LE hostcontroller interface(HCI)solution that reduces design effort and enables fast time to market.Based on TI’s seventh-generation core,the module is a product-proven solution supporting Bluetooth4.1dual-mode protocols.Figure1shows the CC256XQFNEM board.256XQFNEM Board2CC256XQFNEM Kit ContentsThe CC256XQFNEM kit contains the following contents:•One CC256XQFNEM board with the TI dual-mode Bluetooth CC2564controller•One block jumper for the MSP-EXP430F5438board•Four jumpers for the MSP-EXP430F5529board2Dual-Mode Bluetooth®CC2564Evaluation Board SWRU441–December2015Submit Documentation FeedbackCopyright©2015,Texas Instruments Incorporated CC256XQFNEM Requirements 3CC256XQFNEM RequirementsFor a complete evaluation,the CC256XQFNEM board requires hardware and software tools selected from the following list:•Hardware requirements:MSP430™experimenter boards(sold separately)or TM4C development kits (sold separately):–MSP430experimenter board options•MSP-EXP430F5529•MSP-EXP430F5438–TM4C development kit options•DK-TM4C123G•DK-TM4C129X•Software requirements:–TI dual-mode Bluetooth stack:•On MSP430MCUs:CC256XMSPBTBLESW•On TM4C MCUs:CC256XM4BTBLESW–Other MCUs:•On STM32F4MCUs:CC256XSTBTBLESWFigure2shows example hardware setups for the CC256XQFNEM board using the MSP-EXP430F5529 and MSP-EXP430F5438experimenter boards.Figure2.Hardware Setup Examples4CC256XQFNEM Board OverviewThe CC256XQFNEM board supports the following connectors:•EM(default):I/Os are at3.3V.•COM:I/Os are at1.8V.Figure3shows the connectors on the front side of the CC256XQFNEM board.3 SWRU441–December2015Dual-Mode Bluetooth®CC2564Evaluation Board Submit Documentation FeedbackCopyright©2015,Texas Instruments IncorporatedCC256XQFNEM Board Overview 256XQFNEM Front ViewFigure4shows the connectors on the back side of the CC256XQFNEM board.256XQFNEM Back View4Dual-Mode Bluetooth®CC2564Evaluation Board SWRU441–December2015Submit Documentation FeedbackCopyright©2015,Texas Instruments Incorporated CC256XQFNEM Board Settings 5CC256XQFNEM Board SettingsThis section describes the settings for the EM connector and the COM connector.5.1EM Connector SettingsThe EM connectors can be mounted on a wide variety of TI MCU platforms,such as the MSP430(MSP-EXP430F5529and MSP-EXP430F5438)and TM4C(DK-TM4C123G and DK-TM4C129X).All EM I/Os are at3.3-V levels.Pin assignments are described with respect to the front(CC2564)side.For example,MODULE_UART_RX refers to the receiving UART RX pin on the CC256x device thatconnects to the UART_TX pin on the MCU.Table1describes the standard pinout for EM1.Table1.EM1Standard PinoutPin EM Adapter Assignment(1)Pin EM Adapter Assignment(1)1GND2NC3MODULE_UART_CTS4NC5SLOW_CLK6NC7MODULE_UART_RX8NC9MODULE_UART_TX10NC11NC12NC13NC14NC15NC16NC17NC18NC19GND20NC(1)NC=not connectedTable2describes the standard pinout for EM2.Table2.EM2Standard PinoutPin EM Adapter Assignment(1)Pin EM Adapter Assignment(1)1NC2GND3NC4NC5NC6NC7 3.3V8MODULE_AUDIO_DATA_OUT9 3.3V10MODULE_AUDIO_DATA_IN11MODULE_AUDIO_FSINK12NC13NC14NC15NC16NC17MODULE_AUDIO_CLK18MODULE_UART_RTS19nSHUTD20NC(1)NC=not connected5 SWRU441–December2015Dual-Mode Bluetooth®CC2564Evaluation Board Submit Documentation FeedbackCopyright©2015,Texas Instruments IncorporatedCC256XQFNEM Board Settings 5.2COM Connector SettingsThe COM connector interfaces with TI's MPU platforms,such as the AM335x evaluation module(TMDXEVM3358).NOTE:•All I/Os for the COM connector are at1.8V.•Some components must not be installed(DNI)to use the COM connector.For moreinformation,see the Dual-Mode Bluetooth CC2564Evaluation Board User Guide(SWRU450).Table3describes the COM connector pinout. Connector PinoutPin(1)Relevant COM Connector Pin Assignment1SLOW_CLK_EDGE81V8_IN52AUD_CLK_1V854AUD_FSYNC_1V856AUD_IN_1V858AUD_OUT_1V866HCI_TX_1V868HCI_RX_1V870HCI_CTS_1V872HCI_RTS_1V876TX_DEBUG_1V889nSHUTDOWN_1V83,9,19,37,47,63,77,83,87,95,97GND2,6,18,22,42,60,64,92GND(1)Pins not listed are NC.6Dual-Mode Bluetooth®CC2564Evaluation Board SWRU441–December2015Submit Documentation FeedbackCopyright©2015,Texas Instruments IncorporatedIMPORTANT NOTICETexas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries(TI)reserve the right to make corrections,enhancements,improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46,latest issue,and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48,latest issue.Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete.All semiconductor products(also referred to herein as“components”)are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment.TI warrants performance of its components to the specifications applicable at the time of sale,in accordance with the warranty in TI’s terms and conditions of sale of semiconductor products.Testing and other quality control techniques are used to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty.Except where mandated by applicable law,testing of all parameters of each component is not necessarily performed.TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or the design of Buyers’products.Buyers are responsible for their products and applications using TI components.To minimize the risks associated with Buyers’products and applications,Buyers should provide adequate design and operating safeguards.TI does not warrant or represent that any license,either express or implied,is granted under any patent right,copyright,mask work right,or other intellectual property right relating to any combination,machine,or process in which TI components or services are rmation published by TI regarding third-party products or services does not constitute a license to use such products or services or a warranty or endorsement e of such information may require a license from a third party under the patents or other intellectual property of the third party,or a license from TI under the patents or other intellectual property of TI.Reproduction of significant portions of TI information in TI data books or data sheets is permissible only if reproduction is without alteration and is accompanied by all associated warranties,conditions,limitations,and notices.TI is not responsible or liable for such altered rmation of third parties may be subject to additional restrictions.Resale of TI components or services with statements different from or beyond the parameters stated by TI for that component or service voids all express and any implied warranties for the associated TI component or service and is an unfair and deceptive business practice. TI is not responsible or liable for any such statements.Buyer acknowledges and agrees that it is solely responsible for compliance with all legal,regulatory and safety-related requirements concerning its products,and any use of TI components in its applications,notwithstanding any applications-related information or support that may be provided by TI.Buyer represents and agrees that it has all the necessary expertise to create and implement safeguards which anticipate dangerous consequences of failures,monitor failures and their consequences,lessen the likelihood of failures that might cause harm and take appropriate remedial actions.Buyer will fully indemnify TI and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of any TI components in safety-critical applications.In some cases,TI components may be promoted specifically to facilitate safety-related applications.With such components,TI’s goal is to help enable customers to design and create their own end-product solutions that meet applicable functional safety standards and requirements.Nonetheless,such components are subject to these terms.No TI components are authorized for use in FDA Class III(or similar life-critical medical equipment)unless authorized officers of the parties have executed a special agreement specifically governing such use.Only those TI components which TI has specifically designated as military grade or“enhanced plastic”are designed and intended for use in military/aerospace applications or environments.Buyer acknowledges and agrees that any military or aerospace use of TI components which have not been so designated is solely at the Buyer's risk,and that Buyer is solely responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with such use.TI has specifically designated certain components as meeting ISO/TS16949requirements,mainly for automotive use.In any case of use of non-designated products,TI will not be responsible for any failure to meet ISO/TS16949.Products ApplicationsAudio /audio Automotive and Transportation /automotiveAmplifiers Communications and Telecom /communicationsData Converters Computers and Peripherals /computersDLP®Products Consumer Electronics /consumer-appsDSP Energy and Lighting /energyClocks and Timers /clocks Industrial /industrialInterface Medical /medicalLogic Security /securityPower Mgmt Space,Avionics and Defense /space-avionics-defense Microcontrollers Video and Imaging /videoRFID OMAP Applications Processors /omap TI E2E Community Wireless Connectivity /wirelessconnectivityMailing Address:Texas Instruments,Post Office Box655303,Dallas,Texas75265Copyright©2015,Texas Instruments Incorporated。
eslpod完整讲解文本
eslpod完整讲解文本
摘要：
1.ESLPOD 的概述
2.ESLPOD 的节目内容
3.ESLPOD 的教学方法
4.ESLPOD 的受众反馈
5.ESLPOD 的未来发展
正文：
ESLPOD 是一个专注于英语学习者的播客节目，它提供了丰富的英语学习资源，包括听力练习、口语模仿、词汇学习等。
ESLPOD 的节目内容涵盖了日常生活、文化、科技、商业等各个方面，旨在帮助英语学习者提高英语听力和口语能力，同时扩展知识面。
节目形式多样，有访谈、讲座、新闻报道等，能够满足不同学习者的需求。
ESLPOD 的教学方法独特，采用“听、模仿、跟读、练习”的方式，让学习者在听力练习中提高口语能力。
节目还会提供相关的学习资料，如词汇表、听力练习稿等，让学习者能够更深入地学习。
ESLPOD 深受英语学习者的喜爱，受众反馈积极。
许多学习者表示，通过ESLPOD 的学习，他们的英语能力得到了显著提高。
同时，ESLPOD 也积极听取学习者的反馈，不断改进节目内容和教学方法。
GLUE用户指南版本1.0说明书
S YSTEM REQUIREMENTSH ARDWARERecommended computer hardwareGraphics: nvidia GTX 1070 or GTX 1070 TiProcessor: Current generation i7 or i5Memory: 16GB or moreHard drive: SSDExample PC configurationsDesktop: Acer Predator G3-710 (SKU (DG.E08EQ.060)Laptop: Asus ROG Strix GL502VS 15,6” (SKU GL502VS-GZ227T/R / GL502VS-GZ227T)Internet Connections and OSReliable Internet connection (all participants): Cable or 4G/LTE preferred.OS: Windows 10 (version 1703 or later)OS: macOS High Sierra 10.13Recommended VR and Audio gear:HTC Vive with a) HTC Vive Deluxe Audio strap or b) Good quality closed headphones without microphone Oculus Rift (gear includes audio devices)Windows Mixed Reality with headset with microphoneVR Device Instruction VideosHTC Vive: https:///264976652/d91e7b90b0Oculus Rift: https:///264976758/ddcfc75d85Windows Mixed Reality: https:///264976703/8db3880574I T POLICY AND FIREWALL CONFIGURATIONThe client application communicates using HTTPS with the following servers that must be whitelisted: app.glue.worklimu.fake.fiFor the real-time session network traffic, the client application requires permissions for both incoming and outgoing TCP and UDP traffic.The outgoing ports used by the client application are assigned by the user’s operating system and are not statically assigned.NOTE! If you require precise IP and port information at the server end, please contact support so we can statically allocate server resources for you.S ETUP AND INSTALLATIONI NSTALLING S TEAM AND S TEAM VR M ANUALLY –Q UICK GUIDE(Note: This is mainly for Oculus and Windows Mixed Reality users. If you have an HTC Vive headset and you have followed its setup instructions, you probably have Steam and SteamVR already installed)•Go to and download/install the Steam client•Start the Steam client and sign up for a Steam account. NOTE: same account is not preferred to be used on several devices due to possible overlapping use•Log in to Steam, go to the store and search for SteamVR and install it. Check the checkboxes for creating desktop and start menu shortcuts so you can easily start SteamVR using those.•If you're using a Windows Mixed Reality headset you will also need to install the Windows Mixed Reality for SteamVR-application from the store.C REATING G LUE ACCOUNTGlue requires personal login info to allow access to the workspace which contains all the accessible 3D environments (scenes).NOTE! At the moment Glue accounts need to be manually tied to the used workspace. Once you have created an account, inform the email address to your Glue contact. Before that you cannot access your workspace!•On your web browser, navigate to https://app.glue.work/ and press Login.•If this is your first time using the system, use the Sign Up -tab to create an account. You will get a confirmation e-mail. Remember to Inform this email address to your Glue contact.•Log In using your Google account or username and passwordW EB PORTALGlue web portal allows you to manage workspaces, scenes member accesses and download latest clients. Regular users cannot add users. Administrator instructions can be found from X.X1.Workspace2.Scenes in workspace3.Glue accounts assigned to workspace4.Client downloadsW ORKSPACEGlue Workspace is the place you share with other members and it includes the scenes where you can collaborate and get things done. If you have more than one workspace available, use the drop-down list or type the workspace name in the text field to select one.S CENESHere you can find the selection of scenes linked to your workspace. It is also the default view when entering the Glue web portal. Admins can reset the scenes from here.M EMBERSUsers that you want to have access to your workspace and scenes can be found from here. They can access the scenes available in your workspace. If you need to restrict the member access to specific scenes, you need additional workspace and assign these users and specific scene to this workspace. For example, you want to have marketing and sales teams their own Lounge scenes. Purchase two workspaces, one for sales, and the other for marketing. Assign the members to their team space and add lounge scene to both workspaces.G LUE FOR W INDOWS / MAC OSDownload the latest glue client for your operating system from here.Application download•Download the latest Glue client for your preferred operating system. Glue will launch automatically after installationU SING G LUEL AUNCH S TEAM VRFor use the software in VR, SteamVR application is required to be launched first. Make sure you have SteamVR installed and set up correctly. More info:https:///kb_article.php?ref=2001-UXCM-4439For more convenient use, pin the SteamVR application to the taskbar or create a desktop shortcut.NOTE! SteamVR needs to be running and the headset indicator needs to be green before starting the Glue application. Otherwise the system will not detect the headset microphone on startup and audio issues will follow. Desktop or mobile use does not require SteamVR.S TARTING G LUE WITH A W INDOWS M IXED R EALITY HEADSETWhen you plug in the WMR headset the Mixed Reality Portal should start automatically. If this doesn't happen, you can start Mixed Reality Portal manually.•Start SteamVR when Mixed Reality Portal is running. The WMR headset and controllers should show up in the SteamVR status window.•When Mixed Reality Portal and SteamVR are both running you can then start the Glue application.NOTE! We are not affiliated with Valve Corporation or Microsoft. If you have technical issues with Steam/SteamVR or Mixed Reality Portal or the hardware you're using, you should contact the system provider.G LUE APPLICATIONLaunch Glue from the application icon. After successful login, return to the Glue application window1.Workspace list – Select workspace you want to use (if more than one)2.Select Avatar look and name – To stand out from the other users, choose an avatar to your liking using the arrowsand enter your name in the text field3.Desktop screen size and user login – Select the desktop resolution, microphone/camera available, user login4.Scenes available in active workspace – Select the scene to enterDepending on the scene level of details and size, loading times may take some time. For more convenient use and shorter loading times, it is recommended to download the scene to cache before first time use. click the Cloud icon to download the scene, letter “R” is displayed above the icon when scene is cached. To empty the scene from cache, click the Trash icon.D ESKTOP MODEGlue scene launches in desktop mode by default. This allows you to move and communicate in the same scene as other users but without the need of VR hardware.•Press ESC to enable movement•Use keyboard arrow or W-A-S-D keys to move and mouse to view around•Press spacebar to enable/disable vertical mode (fly mode)D ESKTOP MENUIn Desktop mode, Menu is visible on the left side of the screen. You can toggle menu visibility by pressing ESC. Use your mouse to select features.VR MODEWe recommend using glue in VR mode as it creates the best 3D and spatial immersion. To enter VR mode, select VR toggle. This activates the view in VR headset.NOTE! For using Glue in VR mode, the Steam VR application needs to be running before launching Glue.T ELEPORTIf using room scale VR device, you can walk around in Glue inside VR game area which is presented as a device dependent chaperon. Because the size of the physical game area is limited there is a teleport tool in Glue which allows you to move in scenes of basically unlimited size.The teleport is assigned by default to the thumbpad button on the controller and is available without selecting the tool. When the teleport tool is specifically selected from the menu, it is used with the trigger similarly to other tools.To use the Teleport:•Press and keep pressed the thumbpad•Point to the wanted location and release the button.•Green line: Teleport location is possible•Red line: Teleport location not possibleIf you are using VR hand controllers, you can access a selection of features. These might vary depending of the software version or customization.U SING TOOLSIf the user has VR hand controllers in use, there is a menu to access selection of tools. These might vary depending of the software version or customization for specific organization.Open menu•With 2 controllers active there is one menu access button on the back of both hands.•With 1 controller active the menu button is floating in low center of view.•Point at the menu symbol (highlighted red)•Squeeze the trigger on the controller.Selecting tools1. Use the controller to point a tool that you like to use and squeeze the trigger to select the tool.2. Close the Menu by pointing the “X” on the upper right corner of Menu window or back of your avatar hand and squeeze the trigger.VR M ENUIn VR mode, use the controller trigger to select and use the tools.No imageW ORKSPACE A DMINGlue users, scenes and assets are grouped under Workspaces. When you start using Glue, you have provided at least one e-mail address for Workspace Admin status.The workspace administrator can add and remove scenes and members within their workspace.All members of the workspace have access to all the scenes in their workspace. Users can belong to multiple workspaces, even using the same e-mail address.A DDING NEW MEMBERS TO A WORKSPACEUse web browser to access the Glue app site: https://app.glue.work/ and log in using your username and password.•From the left navigation panel, select Members. This opens the members admin page that allows you to add and remove members.•Select plus icon to open Add new member to workspace window•Add the member e-mail address and user type. Workspace Admins can add and remove members and scenes, regular users have read-only access.NOTE! Members need to use the exact email address specified here to create their glue account in order to accessthe workspace.A DDING EXISTING SCENES TO A WORKSPACE•From the left navigation panel, select Scenes. This opens the scenes admin page that allows you to add and remove existing scenes.•Select plus icon to open Create a new Scene Window•Enter the Scene Name. This is the name visible in the scene selection, for example: My sky lounge•From the Scene Asset drop-down list, select the environment•Only check the override button if you have a custom server hosting configuration set up by the Glue system administrators. Contact Glue support for more info.•Click the Create button.E DITING SCENE INFOUnder the Scenes pages you can select a scene and edit some basic parameters. In your workspace scene listing, select Edit on the scene you plan to modify.•You can change the scene name by editing the name field and pressing save at the bottom of the page.•You can reset the scene. Remember that this removes permanently all drawings, notes or imported 3D models, clearing the scene back to the base environment 3D model.•Selecting delete will remove the scene along with all user-created content within it. It will not remove the environment 3D model from the service, just this one scene instance.•You can choose thumbnail image for the sceneNOTE! Some visible fields are for glue support troubleshooting and debugging purposes and therefore are read-only T ROUBLESHOOTINGG ENERAL•Switch off computer and all VR devices•Restart computer and all VR devices•Re-install / update SteamVR•Glue support: *****************C AN’T HEAR AUDIO (VR)Start SteamVR before starting the Glue applicationCheck SteamVR audio settings•Audio and microphone are set to “Do not change device”Check Windows sound settings•Playback > HTC Vive set as default•Recording > HTC Vive set as default microphoneS CENE MOVES OR FLICKERS•Make sure that there are not big reflective surfaces around the VR play area (mirrors, windows, large shiny metal surfaces, etc.)•Make sure that base stations are not moving and have not moved since play area setup•Redo VR play area setup according your device instructions. Make sure the user is staying inside the play area and in view of the base stationsVR DEVICE /HTC V IVE WIRELESSIf you use HTC Vive wireless device, you need to use VIVE Wireless software to allow the headset to work and connect to SteamVR•Start Vive Wireless software from the desktop icon before or after starting SteamVR.More info: https:///eu/setup/wireless/。
sr-ul2使用参数
sr-ul2使用参数SR-UL2是一款基于深度学习的语音合成模型，可以将文字转换成自然流畅的语音。
使用SR-UL2时，可以通过调整一些参数来获得不同的语音效果。
下面将介绍一些常用的参数及其作用：1. vocoder：音频合成器的选择。
可以选择基于Mel频谱或者基于Griffin-Lim算法的音频合成器。
Mel频谱合成器比较新，音质更好一些，但是会增加计算成本。
2. sample_rate：音频采样率的设置。
采样率越高，音质越好，但是生成的音频文件会更大。
默认的采样率是22.05kHz，用户可以根据需要自行设置。
3. n_fft：FFT窗口大小的设置，默认是2048。
一般来说，窗口大小越大，精度越高，但是计算成本也越高。
4. hop_length：每次移动的音频帧数，默认是256。
hop_length也会影响到合成的音质和速度。
一般来说，越长的帧长会使得音质更好，跨度越短会使得速度更快。
5. win_length：每个FFT窗口的长度，默认是n_fft。
如果想要减少数据的冗余，可以选择较小的win_length。
但是这样也会导致音频质量变差。
6. num_mels: Mel频谱的通道数，默认为80。
增加通道数量会使得语音更加清晰，但是也会增加计算成本。
7. embedding_dim：文本嵌入向量的维度，默认为512。
嵌入向量是将文字转换成向量的一种方法。
如果嵌入向量的维度较大，可以提高语音质量，但是也会增加计算成本。
8. max_len_audio：合成音频最大时长的设定，单位为秒。
默认为10秒。
如果用户需要合成更长的音频，可以适当增加这个值。
9. power：Mel频谱算法中的指数幂。
默认为1.2。
如果想要增加Mel频谱的灵敏度，可以尝试增加这个值。
10. preemphasis：预加重滤波的系数。
默认为0.97。
预加重滤波可以增加高音部分的能量，但是如果系数过大会导致噪声增加。
11. griffin_lim_iters：使用Griffin-Lim算法生成音频时，迭代次数的设定。
ILoP Quick Start Guide November 2020说明书
ILoP Quick Start Guide November 2020AgendaI.Basic functions1.Access & log in2.Transport Order“New“3.Transport Order “New“ -without PurchaseOrder number4.Locations5.Freight Forwarder(s)6.Documents7.Transport Order “in Progress“8.Transport Order “Completed“9.Maintaining Pick-up Addresses II.Extended functions1.Maintaining Opening Timeser AdministrationAccess & log inhttps:///ax4/?ID=3719631Please enter login data received fromSiemens (user name and initialpassword).Terms of UseEnter one order number, if known (either complete information or e.g. 70008*)or choose “multiple Purchase Order numbers”.Transport Order “New“Show all open Purchase Orders(note the limited time period on the right).1.2a.Or as an alternativeClick to search2b.Choose “multiple Purchase Order number”.Transport Order “New“ -multiple Purchase Order numbers1.Alternatively you can upload a .csv file.Type in different order numbers.2.Transport Order “New“Click on the boxes to select theorder items or a whole order.1. 2.3203354995P22 XXX 7X7X FXXSiemensSiemensstraße 10022222 Braunschweig DE123456789123456789P22 XXX 7X7X FXXP22 XXX 7X7X FXX (FCA) Free CarrierTransport Order “New“ -without Purchase Order numberIf the order was notfound, first please refresh the database.If the order is still not found orthe order number is unknown,please continue manually.Fill in the OrgID of the freightpayer (from your Purchase Order or from the location of your operative buyer).3. 4.2.1.Complete missingshipment data and change if necessary:Either each field can be edited/overwritten individually…Locations…or you can select an address from thecorresponding drop-down menu.In the address book you can manage your own addresses.1b.1a. 2.If you want to complete thetransport order at a later time, you can save it for now(saved transport orders can be found under "in Progress").Packing DetailsChange quantity if necessary (for partial deliveries).Fill in packing details.2.Freight Forwarder(s)Select a forwarder.If necessary you maypostpone the pick-up date.3.1. 2.Documents1.other freight documentsnecessary for thetransport.2.SummaryCheck the summary and send the transport request.After saving your transport you can find it under …in Progress“. Your transport order is not completed yet.or1b.1a.Complete a Transport Order and then…By clicking this button the system automatically sends a transport order to the selected forwarder, as well as a copy to the e-mail address stored in your account and the Siemens Buyer(s) you entered in the corresponding field under Locations.Please note: The following attachments can be included in this confirmation mail:-documents uploaded by you-Label (e.g. DHL Express, FedEx/TNT, UPS)- a Bill of Lading is automatically generated for North American ground transportYou can find all completed transport orders underTransport Order “in Progress“Hereunder you will find all orders "in Progress" that have not been sent out yet.if you want to delete open transport orders, check the corresponding box and then click “Delete Shipment(s)”.Click on the pen to edit a Transport Order in progressAs soon as a Pick-up Date has been defined, you will find a note on the start page regarding transport orders that have not been completed yet.orT ransport Order “Completed“Under "Completed" you will find all transport orders that have been sent to a freight forwarder.For e.g. parcel services (DHL Express, FedEx/TNT, UPS) youcan access the label here.Maintaining Pick-up AddressesHover with the cursor over "Administration" and click on "Address Book”.Click on "New Address" to add a new company address.Click on the pen to edit an address.Maintaining Opening TimesHover with the cursor over"Administration" and click on"Opening Times”.Enter your opening hours here.User Administrationa. b.Only as Master User the function "User Administration" is active for you, i.e. in that case you can add more users to your company account.You can lock and/or delete thoseadditional users any time.Thank you for your attention!。
Built-in Steam Convection Oven Quick Reference Gui
Built-in Steam Convection Oven Quick Reference GuideThis guide is for commonly cooked foods cooked in the built-in steam and convection oven (model HSLP451UC). This guide is not a substi-tute for the Use and Care Manual. Read the Use and Care Manual for detailed instructions and important safety notices.Rack levelsThe oven has four racklevels. The rack levelsare numbered frombottom to top.Before using for the first timeFollow the steps described in your user manual before you start using your appliance.Operating the ovenTurning the oven on1. Place food in steam oven before preheat unless using the slow cook or European conv modes.2. Select the desired cooking mode.3. Press the numeric keypad to set a temperature.4. Press Enter.Turning the oven off1. Press the Oven Clear/Off button to cancel the cooking mode and return to the stand-by state screen.Setting the kitchen timer1. Press Clock/Timer.2. Enter the desired time using the numeric keypad.3. Press Soft Key 3 (Set Timer).When the timer reaches zero, the display shows a 0:00 and sounds an alarm tone every 10 seconds for 2 minutes.4. After the timer has finished, it may be reset by pressing the Soft Key 1 (Timer Off) or by opening the door.Setting the oven timer1. Place food in the oven.2. Select a mode and temperature.3. Press Soft Key 2 (Oven Timer).4. Enter the desired time using the numeric keypad.5. Press Enter.6. After the timer has finished, it may be reset by pressing the Oven Clear/Off or by opening the door.After each operation1. Leave the oven door open in the “at rest” position, until the interior has cooled down.2. Use a cleaning sponge to remove any water remaining in the evaporator dish and to wipe down the oven cavity.3. Dry the oven cavity with a soft cloth.4. Close the door.Cleaning the oven with steam IMPORTANT: Steam-cleaning requires 2 start/stop cycles to complete its operation. Steam clean cannot be aborted once started. Both cycles must be completed before the appliance will become operational again.Cleaning phase (cycle 1, approximately 30 minutes)1. Let the oven cool down and remove any accessories.2. Clean the evaporator dish with a cleaning sponge.3. Fill the water tank to MAX before inserting it into the appliance.4. Add a drop of dishwashing liquid to the evaporator dish.5. Shut the oven door.6. Select Settings on the control panel.7. Navigate to Steam Clean.8. Press Enter.9. Press Yes to begin steam cleaning.At the end of the cleaning phase, the countdown will sus-pend and a buzzer will sound. The display will show “Clean Steam Dish”. DO NOT press enter before following the instructions below.Rinse phase (cycle 2, approximately 20 seconds)10. Rinse out the water tank and fill it with clean water. If thewater tank is not refilled and the Enter button is pressed, the action will be ignored. The rinse cycle can only be com-pleted if the water tank is refilled.11. Remove the rack rails from the oven and clean softenedfood residues from them. Wipe out the food residues from the oven and the evaporator dish with a cleaning sponge, thoroughly wash out the cleaning sponge.12. Press Enter to start the rinse.The display will show “Steam Clean”. The countdown will re-sume, and after another 20 seconds a beep will signal the end of “Steam Clean”. The display will show “clean steam dish”. 13. Wipe any remaining water from the evaporator dish with acleaning sponge. Wipe down the oven. Thoroughly rinse out the cleaning sponge.14. Press Enter.Setting the automatic program1. Select either Chicken or Vegetables on the control panel. The display screen will show a list of food groupings.2. Press Soft Key 2 (Food Type) to advance through the menu options.3. Press Enter to select the desired food.The display will show the rack level (levels 1 – 3) and specific ovenware/accessories that should be used.4. Place food in steam oven at the indicated locations.5. Close the oven door.Setting the weight6. Press the numeric keypad to adjust the weight of the food you will be cooking.Each type of food has a maximum and minimum weight setting.7. Press Enter.The oven will begin preheating.Cooking modes and recommendationsFood Mode Temp°F (°C)Minutes Levels Accessories Shrimp, medium, per 1 lb Steam212 (100) 5 – 8 1 + 3Fish Fillet, per 3.5 lbs.Steam180 (82)10 – 20 1 + 3Defrost-ing foods Chicken parts, bone-in Defrost120 (49)60 – 70 1 + 3 Chicken parts, boneless Defrost120 (49)30 – 35 1 + 3 Frozen vegetables Defrost120 (49)20 – 30 1 + 3 Fish fillets Defrost120 (49)15 – 20 1 + 3 Beef Defrost120 (49)70 – 80 1 + 3Vegeta-bles Artichokes Steam212 (100)30 – 35 1 + 3 Asparagus Steam212 (100)7 – 12 1 + 3 Beets Steam212 (100)40 – 50 1 + 3 Broccoli Steam212 (100)8 – 10 1 + 3 Brussels sprouts Steam212 (100)20 – 30 1 + 3 Cabbage Steam212 (100)25 – 35 1 + 3 Carrots Steam212 (100)10 – 20 1 + 3 Cauliflower Steam212 (100)10 – 15 1 + 3 Fennel Steam212 (100)10 – 14 1 + 3 Green beans Steam212 (100)15 – 20 1 + 3 Peas Steam212 (100) 5 – 10 1 + 3 Pea pods Steam212 (100)8 – 12 1 + 3 Spinach Steam212 (100) 2 – 3 1 + 3 Stuffed vegetables(zucchini, eggplant, peppers)Steam Conv320 (160) –360 (175)15 – 30 1 + 3 Zucchini Steam212 (100) 2 – 3 1 + 3Starches, Grains, Breads Potatoes (unpeeled)Steam212 (100)35 – 45 1 + 3 Potatoes (peeled)Steam212 (100)20 – 25 1 + 3 Potato gratin Steam212 (100)35 – 452 Brown rice Steam212 (100)30 – 402 Long grain rice Steam212 (100)20 – 302 Lentils Steam212 (100)30 – 452 Couscous Steam212 (100) 6 – 102 Canellini beans (pre-softened)Steam212 (100)65 – 752 White bread, 1.7 lbs.Steam Conv400 (205)15 – 202 Multi-grain bread Steam Conv400 (205)15 – 202 Whole grain bread, 1.7 lbs.Steam Conv400 (205)20 – 302 Biscuits European Conv300 (150)12 – 172Slow cook Boned leg of lamb, 2 – 3.5 lbs.Slow cook175 (80)140 – 1602 Roast beef, 3.5 – 5.5 lbs.Slow cook175 (80)150 – 1802Pork fillets Slow cook175 (80)50 – 702Beef steaks, 1.2'' thick Slow cook175 (80)40 – 802Duck breast Slow cook175 (80)35 – 552Cakes, Small baked products Muffins European Conv350 (175)20 – 302 Sponge cake European Conv300 (150)60 – 702 Chocolate chip cookies European Conv325 (160)9 – 133 Sugar cookies European Conv325 (160)7 – 103 Sheet cake Steam Conv325 (160)35 – 452 Bundt European Conv325 (160)35 – 452 Yeast dough, proofing Proof100 (38)20 – 301 Sourdough, proofing Proof100 (38)20 – 301Automatic program recommendations1901 Main Street, Suite 600 • Irvine, CA 92614 • 800-944-2904 • © 2022 BSH Home Appliances*8001244889*(011129) 8001244889。
QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev
QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit Quick Start Guide (Rev 1.0)This document serves as a guide for the user to getting started with the QuickFeather Dev Kit + Amazon Alexa. QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit OverviewThe dev kit includes:•QuickLogic QuickFeather module•Espressif ESP32 DEVKITC VE module•Adafruit UDA1334 (audio output) module•QuickLogic multi-microphones module•QuickLogic AVS CradleApplications•Voice initiated, Close-Talk Voice solution using Amazon Wake Word EngineGetting StartedWhat you will need•QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit•QuickLogic’s QuickFeather AVS Cradle•QuickLogic’s QuickFeather board: this board is modified to use with external PDMmicrophone(s); the on-board PDM microphone is disabled•QuickLogic’s PDM Microphone board•Espressif ESP32 DEVKITC-VE•Adafruit UDA1334 I2S audio boardYou will need to provide the following: (not included in the shipment)•MicroUSB cables: 2x•USB power source such as PC USB ports or USB Power Hub connected to PC•Android phone with Alexa application and ESP Alexa application installed•Wired Earbud or power speaker with audio cableSet up and test the QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit: PrerequisiteThe QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit comes with the default Software configuration that is ready for user to setup connection to Amazon Cloud Service. Prior to doing the QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit connection setup, user needs to:•Download and install Amazon Alexa Android application on an Android phone•upon completion of installing the application, register for an account with Amazon Alexa service•Download and install ESP Alexa Android application on an Android phoneSetup QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit connection to Amazon Voice Service for the first timeImportant: the system is shipped with the EPS32 firmware that is used for Amazon qualification testing. It is ready for “Provision” setup (connection to WIFI and Amazon Cloud account)Important: once the provide setup is completed, changing WIFI setup or register a different Amazon Voice account requires reprogramming of the ESP32 DEVKITC VE; see “programming ESP32 DEVKITC VE binaries” section.Summary of Steps: detail instructions for each step is provided after the summary1.Connect microUSB cable to QuickFeather and power source2.Connect microUSB cable to DEVKITC VE and PC3.On Android phone launch ESP Alexa application4.Select Add New Device5.If no ESP-Alexa-ZZZZ (where ZZZZ is the system assign #), exit the ESP Alexa app and repeat step (2) to step (4).Once ESP-Alexa-ZZZZ appears, go to next step.6.Select the ESP-Alexa-ZZZZ device7.The application will Invike the Amazon Alexa application and request log in; select “SIGN IN WITH AMAZON”8.When sign-in is completed, the ESP Alexa application requests for WIFI connection9.Select the WIFI network and enter passcode; select Provision; if connection to WIFI is successful, the system isready to accept “Alexa” wake word and send command to AVS.10.Test the setupDetails:Connect microUSB cables to QuickFeather and power source; connect microUSB cable to DEVKITC VE and PC USB portLaunch ESP Alexa application on Android phone and Select new device; if the ESP-Alexa-ZZZZ does not show in the list of recognized devices, reset the ESP DEVKITC-VE module and restart this step.Log into Amazon Alexa account; upon completion of logging in, the ESP Alexa application shows available WIFI network for connectionSetup WIFI connection and update QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit with setup informationNOTE: Need to Split PICTURESTest the QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit setup:a) Press ESP32 DEVKITC VE reset button and wait for 30 seconds for the ESP32 to establish connection to cloud b) Connect earbud to UDA1334 earbud audio jack c) Speak “Alexa, what time is it?”d)There is a respond audio “ping” and Alexa Voice service responds with the time of the registered account location.Note: if the system does not respond, see debug session for additional steps.System Firmware UpdateTool required: flash_download_tool_3.8.5Link to tool: https:///en/support/download/other-toolsErasing existing FirmwareNOTE: before executing this procedure, make sure you have all of the default binaries or new update binaries to program the HDK.Execute this procedure to:•Setup with new WIFI connection•Switch to a different Alexa Amazon accountSteps:1.Connect microUSB cable to QuickFeather and power source; apply USB power2.Connect microUSB cable to DEVKITC VE and laptop/PC USB port3.Determine COM port# for the DEVKITC VE; on Windows PC, use device manager to look for the assignedport #unch “flash_download_tool_3.8.5.exe” application:Select Developer ModeSelect ESP32 DownloadToolselect “Developer Mode”Select “ESP32 DownloadTool”5.Select the assigned COM port from step (3)6.Select Erase to erase the current Firmware from the moduleNote: to see DEVKITC VE message when the flash is erased, see debug session for additional information.Download QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit firmwareIMPORTANT: the binaries files are available at https:///QuickLogic-Corp/qorc-companion/tree/main/ESP32/AVS/qf_amazon_alexa/BinfilesSteps:1.Connect microUSB cable to QuickFeather and to power source; apply USB power2.Connect microUSB cable to DEVKITC VE and laptop/PC USB port3.Determine COM port# for the DEVKITC VE; on Windows PC, use device manager to look for the assignedport #unch “flash_download_tool_3.8.5.exe” application:Select Developer ModeSelect ESP32 DownloadTool5.Select the proper binaries to load: make sure to check the boxesa.“bootloader.bin” @ 0x1000b.“partitions_4mb_flash.bin” @ 0x8000c.“alexa_01_30_2021.bin” @ 0x100006.Select START7.Exit the “flash_download_tool_3.8.5.exe” application8.If downloading firmware after erase procedure, follow the steps in section “Setup and Test the QF AVSKit” before using the system. If downloading firmware without erasing procedure, the system is ready touse.Note: To confirm the QuickFeather Alexa Close-Talk, Voice-Initiated Dev Kit system is ready for use, see debug session for additional informationSystem DebugIn this chapter, common debug steps are provided to confirm the system operations. All of the steps require a Terminal application (Tera Term or Putty) to monitor the output messages from the DEVKITC VE and the QuickFeather. Use “Tera Term” application if auto COM Port disconnect recovery is needed when power to the DEVKITC VE is required.TeraTerm: https://ttssh2.osdn.jp/index.html.enPuTTY: https:///NOTE: make sure only one application is connected the assigned COM PORT; when open an already connected COM PORT, connection error is shown.For all debug steps, the following common steps are required:1.Confirm microUSB cables are connected to DEVKITC VE and QuickFeather; power is applied.2.Determine COM port# for the DEVKITC VE; on Windows PC, use device manager to look for the assigned port#unch TeraTerm and select assigned COM PORT4.Configure TeraTerm Serial connection; setup -> Serial port ….5.Configure TeraTerm transmit and receive setup: setup -> Terminal …Confirming DEVKITC VE FW is erasedSteps:1.Press DEVKITC VE reset button2.Check terminal outputConfirming DEVKITC VE FW is ready for Amazon Cloud Configuration Steps:1.Press DEVKITC VE reset button2.Check terminal outputConfirming DEVKITC VE FW is configured and connected Amazon CloudSteps:1.Press DEVKITC VE reset button2.Check terminal outputAdditional resources•QuickLogic Expansion Board: https:///QuickLogic-Corp/quickfeather-expansion-board •QuickFeather: https:///QuickLogic-Corp/quick-feather-dev-board•Source code for ESP32 application: https:///QuickLogic-Corp/qorc-companion/tree/main/ESP32/AVS/qf_amazon_alexa•ESP32 binaries for programming: https:///QuickLogic-Corp/qorc-companion/tree/main/ESP32/AVS/qf_amazon_alexa/BinfilesRevision1.0 February 2021 First Release。
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ESL Podcast 256 – Looking for Ideas GLOSSARYto jot down – to quickly write down something; to note something quickly* Let me jot down your phone number before you leave, so I can call you next week.to draw a blank – to not be able to think of a good idea or the answer to something* Xiaofeng drew a blank on the test question about World War I, even though he had studied all night.block – an inability to think of something; not being able to think of something* Whenever this writer gets a block, she reads some new books to get ideas.to step away from (something) – to stop what one is doing and to work on something else for a short period of time before returning to the first task* Evelyn got so frustrated with the project that she had to step away from it and didn’t work on it again until the next day.fresh perspective – a new and creative way of looking at things* Everyone likes to work with Igor because he always brings a fresh perspective to the team.empty-handed – without anything; unprepared* Normally Maude brings a dessert when she visits friends, but last night, she didn’t have enough time to cook, so she went to the party empty-handed.to show (someone) up – to do something better than someone else; to make someone else look bad by doing something better* Jill was very happy that she got 95% on the test, but her roommate showed her up again by getting 100%.to walk on water – to be perfect or excellent; to do everything well* Randolph makes delicious cookies, cakes, and breads. It seems like he walks on water in the kitchen!to work (oneself) up – to become agitated and worried about something; to think about something so much that one becomes very nervous about it* Sam worked himself up for days before the presentation, and when it was time to actually do the presentation, he was so nervous that he could hardly speak.ESL Podcast 256 – Looking for Ideaswound up – tense; nervous; anxious; stressed out* If you get wound up from work and school, it might help to talk about it with your friends.in a fog – confused; unclear; blurry* The medicine will make you feel like you’re in a fog for a few hours after taking it.to do the trick – to do what something is supposed to do; to work; to be successful* If you can’t fall asleep at night, sometimes drinking a glass of warm milk will do the trick.to be after (one’s) job – to want someone else’s job; to try to get another person’s job* I think Bert is after my job. He’s always telling my boss that he could do my work better and faster than I can.(one) wouldn’t touch (something) with a 10-foot pole – doesn’t want to be involved with something at all; doesn’t want to have anything to do with something; wants to stay as far away from something as possible* Lynn hates the taste of peas. She wouldn’t touch them with a 10-foot pole! pressure – the stressful feeling of having to do something* Elliot is under a lot of pressure to pass his medical exams next week.lowly – not very important; not to have a very high position in an organization* Many people think that secretaries are lowly employees, but without them, most managers wouldn’t be able to do their jobs.to give (someone) a hard time – to make jokes and tease someone; to make things difficult for someone; to make fun of someone* Her brother gave her a hard time about her driving skills when she accidentally hit a tree in the parking lot.(one’s) days here are numbered – one will not be here for very much longer; one will lose his or her job soon* Josh has the feeling that his days here are numbered, because the new boss doesn’t seem to like him very much.ESL Podcast 256 – Looking for IdeasCOMPREHENSION QUESTIONS1. What is Ling doing when Sam asks her what is the matter?a) She is drawing blanks on a piece of paper.b) She is trying to write down good ideas.c) She is taking a break.2. Why does Sam suggest going for a walk?a) Because it will help Ling think of new ideas.b) Because they need to walk to the meeting.c) Because Sam needs to learn to walk on water.______________WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?blockThe word “block,” in this podcast, means an inability to think of something: “Sometimes exercise can help to clear your mental block.” A “block” is also a group of buildings that are in a square that is surrounded by streets on all four sides: “Our apartment building is on a block with a small grocery store and a movie theater.” A “block” can also be a cube of any type of material: “The child was using plastic blocks to build a house.” Or, “The small pieces of ice froze into one large block.” As a verb, “to block” means to stop something from moving through something else: “The accident blocked traffic for miles.” Or, “Putting too much toilet paper down the toilet can sometimes block the pipes.”to show (someone) upIn this podcast, the phrase “to show (someone) up” means to do something better than someone else or to make someone else look bad by doing something better: “Courtney just bought a small apartment, but her brother showed her up by buying a very large four-bedroom house.” A similar phrase, “to show up,” means to attend or to come to an event: “What time did Francis finally show up at the party?” The phrase “to show (someone) the door” means to ask someone to leave a place: “The restaurant owner had to show the couple to the door because they were fighting very loudly and disturbing the other customers.” Finally, the phrase “to show (something) off” means to show people something that one is proud of: “Ivana likes to show off her wealth by wearing expensive clothes and lots of jewelry.”ESL Podcast 256 – Looking for IdeasCULTURE NOTE“Writer’s block” happens whenever someone needs to write something but has difficulty deciding what to write. Many people stare at a “blank page” or a page with nothing on it for hours, trying to decide how to begin. In the United States, teachers and professional writers have many “suggestions” or recommendations for helping people “get over” writer’s block, or to find a way around the problem. Here are a few of those suggestions.Many teachers and professional writers suggest thinking about what needs to be written and organizing one’s ideas before beginning to write. Another good suggestion is to avoid “perfectionism” or the need to write everything perfectly the first time. Good writing requires many “revisions,” meaning that the text that is written down first is almost always changed later. Also, many people have difficulty writing the first sentence, but it isn’t necessary to begin at the beginning. Try starting somewhere in the middle and finish the “introduction,” or first part, last.Changing the physical “surroundings” or environment might also help. Try moving your desk to where there are fewer “distractions” or things that take you away from your writing. Turn off the phone and music, or turn on music if that helps you write. Also, going outside for a walk may help you concentrate better. If you still have writer’s block, try reading some of your favorite writings or books for “inspiration” (ideas) for your own writing. Some people think it’s easier to speak than to write, so they might get over their writer’s block by “recording” their own voice while talking about the topic. Later, they can listen to themselves and write down the main ideas.______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – b; 2 – aESL Podcast 256 – Looking for Ideas COMPLETE TRANSCRIPTWelcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 256: Looking for Ideas.This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 256. I'm your host, Dr. Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development in beautiful Los Angeles, California.Remember to visit our website at for more information about this podcast and for a Learning Guide to this episode.Our topic today is called “Looking for Ideas.” It is a conversation between two people, Sam and Ling, who are talking about new ideas for their company. Let's get started.[start of story]Ling: Ugh!Sam: What’s the matter?Ling: I’m trying to jot down some ideas for the meeting tomorrow but I’m drawing a blank.Sam: When I’ve got a block, I usually step away from it for a while and come back to it later. Then I can look at it with a fresh perspective.Ling: I don’t have time to take a break. I need to come up with something quick or I’ll have to go into that meeting empty-handed. I can’t let Danielle show me up again. At the last meeting, all of the department heads loved her ideas and they’re starting to think she walks on water.Sam: Well, I don’t think it helps to sit around worrying about it. Nothing will come to you if you work yourself up too much.Ling: You’re right. I’m too wound up to think straight. It’s like my brain is in a fog.Sam: Come on. We’ll go take a quick walk. I’m sure that’ll do the trick. If it doesn’t, I’ll help you work on your resume.ESL Podcast 256 – Looking for IdeasLing: Gee, thanks. I’ve known all along that you’re after my job.Sam: Me? After your job? I wouldn’t touch your job with a 10-foot pole. I couldn’t take the pressure. I prefer being a lowly employee and giving you a hard time everyday.Ling: Thanks a lot. Between you and Danielle, my days here are numbered. Sam: Come on. Let’s go before you get even more depressed![end of story]Our dialogue begins with Ling making a sound that indicates that she is having problems. Sam says, “What’s the matter,” meaning what is the problem. Ling says that she's “trying to jot down some ideas for the meeting tomorrow but”she's “drawing a blank.” To jot, “jot,” down something means to write something down quickly. Usually it is a note - a small message to yourself or to someone else. So, to write something down quickly or to note something quickly is to jot something down. Someone may call you and give you their telephone number; you would jot it down - you would write it down quickly as they were telling you. To draw a blank, “blank,” means not to be able to think of a good idea or an answer to something. Someone says, “What is the capital of the state of Texas,” and you can say, “Oh, I'm drawing a blank; I can't think of it.” Ling is drawing a blank for the meeting that she has tomorrow; she needs to come up with - to create - some new ideas.Sam says that when he has a block, he usually steps away from the project for a while and comes back to it later. A block, “block,” means that you are unable to think of something - you're not able to think of something. Someone may say, “I have a block; I can't think of the name of that singer I heard on the radio.” Block has a couple of meanings in English; take a look at the Learning Guide for more information.The expression to step away from something means to stop what you are doing and to work on something else for a short period of time, and then go back again and work on it. So, if you're having a problem with something, sometimes it is best to stop working on the problem, go away, and then return and try working on it again. That's to step away from something.So, Sam says when he has a block - when he can't think of some new ideas - he steps away from project. “Then,” he says, “I can look at it with a freshESL Podcast 256 – Looking for Ideas perspective.” A fresh, “fresh,” perspective, “perspective,” is a new or creative way of looking at something. The word fresh is one we use, for example, for vegetables. You say, “The vegetables are fresh,” meaning they're not old - the opposite of being old, they're fresh - they're new. So, a fresh perspective is like a new way of looking at something.Ling says that she doesn't have time to take a break. She needs to come up with - or create - something quickly, if she doesn't, she'll have to go to her meeting empty-handed. The expression empty, “empty-,” handed, “handed,” means unprepared - without having anything. You may go to someone's party, and your friend says to you, “Well, don't go empty-handed,” meaning you should bring something for other people to eat or drink at the party.Ling says that she can't let - or allow - Danielle, a woman that she works with, show her up again, so she says, “I can’t let Danielle show me up again.” To show someone up means to do something better than someone else, it usually means to make the other person look bad by doing something better than them. It's typically a negative thing to say about a person - “He's trying to show me up” - he's trying to a better job so that I look bad.Ling says, “At the last meeting, all of the department heads loved” Danielle's “ideas and they’re starting to think she walks on water.” So at the last meeting, all the people who were the bosses of the department - we would call them the department heads; a head of something can be the boss or leader of something - they loved Danielle's ideas and they think that she walks on water. The expression to walk on water means to be perfect - to be very good - to do everything perfectly.The expression actually comes from a story in the Christian Bible, where Jesus, the leader of the Christian religion, walks on water during a storm when he is out with his fellow believers. And so, the idea of walking on water means to do something that is a miracle, “miracle.” A miracle is something that is extraordinary - that should not happen but does happen. Usually, the idea is that it is because God has created this miracle. So, that is the expression to walk on water; it's used in English to mean to be perfect.Sam says that he doesn't think it will help Ling to sit around and worry about it. “Nothing will come to you,” meaning you won't think of anything, “if you work yourself up too much.” To work yourself up means to become very worried or anxious about something - to think about something so much that you become very nervous about it. “Don't work yourself up” - don't think about it so much so that you get nervous or anxious.ESL Podcast 256 – Looking for IdeasLing says to Sam, “You’re right. I’m too wound up to think straight.” The expression to be wound, “wound,” up means to be nervous - to be anxious - to be stressed out, we would say. To be very stressed about something, that is being wound up.She says, “It’s like my brain is in a fog.” Fog, “fog,” is something we have here a lot in Los Angeles, where the clouds come down to the ground and it's difficult to see in front of you - that's a fog. The expression to be in a fog means to be confused - to be unclear - you can't think straight - you can't see the problem correctly.Sam says, “Come on. We’ll go take a quick walk. I’m sure that’ll do the trick.” To do the trick, “trick,” means to do what something is supposed to do - to work - to be successful. “If we go for a walk, that will do the trick” - that will help you in your problem.“If it doesn’t,” he says, “I’ll help you work on your resume.” This is a joke, of course. Your resume is a list of your experience that you use for an interview when you need to get a new job. So he's joking, saying that if Ling doesn't come up with some good ideas, she will lose her job and will need to look for another one.Ling says, “Gee, thanks,” but she's not serious, she's making a joke herself. She says that she has “known all along,” meaning for a long time, that Sam was after her job. To be after someone's job means to want someone else's job - to try to get another person's job.Sam says, “Me? After your job?” He's surprised that Ling says this. He's joking too, of course. He says, “I wouldn’t touch your job with a 10-foot pole,” “pole.” This is a expression that means I don't want to be involved with that at all - I don't want to have anything to do with that. We use the expression “I wouldn't touch this with a 10-foot pole.” A pole, “pole,” is like a long, round piece of wood or metal. We are saying here that I don't want to be close to this problem - I don't want to be close to this thing.So, Sam doesn't want Ling's job. He says that he could not “take the pressure,” “pressure.” Pressure means the very stressful feeling of having to do something - you're anxious or nervous because you have to do all this work. We often use the expression to be under pressure; it's a similar idea where you feel like you have lots of things you have to do and it is very stressful.ESL Podcast 256 – Looking for IdeasSam says that he prefers “being a lowly employee and giving” Ling “a hard time everyday.” Lowly, “lowly,” means not very important - not in a high position but in a low position in the company.To give someone a hard time means to make jokes about someone - to make things difficult for someone by making fun of them - by telling jokes about them. That's to give someone a hard time.Ling says, “Thanks a lot,” again she's trying to be funny here. “Between you and Danielle,” she says, “my days here are numbered.” The expression to haveone's days numbered means that you will not be here very long - that you are going to lose your job soon. “His days are numbered” means he will probably be fired - lose his job soon. My days are numbered here at ESL Podcast, I think!Now let's listen to the dialogue at a normal rate of speech.[start of story]Ling: Ugh!Sam: What’s the matter?Ling: I’m trying to jot down some ideas for the meeting tomorrow but I’m drawing a blank.Sam: When I’ve got a block, I usually step away from it for a while and come back to it later. Then I can look at it with a fresh perspective.Ling: I don’t have time to take a break. I need to come up with something quick or I’ll have to go into that meeting empty-handed. I can’t let Danielle show me up again. At the last meeting, all of the department heads loved her ideas and they’re starting to think she walks on water.Sam: Well, I don’t think it helps to sit around worrying about it. Nothing will come to you if you work yourself up too much.Ling: You’re right. I’m too wound up to think straight. It’s like my brain is in a fog.Sam: Come on. We’ll go take a quick walk. I’m sure that’ll do the trick. If it doesn’t, I’ll help you work on your resume.ESL Podcast 256 – Looking for IdeasLing: Gee, thanks. I’ve known all along that you’re after my job.Sam: Me? After your job? I wouldn’t touch your job with a 10-foot pole. I couldn’t take the pressure. I prefer being a lowly employee and giving you a hard time everyday.Ling: Thanks a lot. Between you and Danielle, my days here are numbered. Sam: Come on. Let’s go before you get even more depressed![end of story]The script today podcast was written by Dr. Lucy Tse.From Los Angeles, California, I'm Jeff McQuillan. Thanks for listening. We'll see you next time on ESL Podcast.English as a Second Language Podcast is written and produced by Dr. Lucy Tse, hosted by Dr. Jeff McQuillan. This podcast is copyright 2007.。