henry James
亨利-詹姆斯 介绍简介-亨利-詹姆斯 简历-亨利-詹姆斯,名人故事
精心整理亨利?詹姆斯介绍简介-亨利?詹姆斯简历-亨利?詹姆斯,名人故事亨利·詹姆斯(HenryJames,1843年4月15日-1916年2月28日)，英国-美国作家。
他出身于纽约的上层知识分子家庭，父亲老亨利·詹姆斯是着名学者，兄长威廉·詹姆斯是知名的哲学家和心理学家。
詹姆斯本人长期旅居欧洲，对19世纪末美国和欧洲的上层生活有细致入微的观察。
詹姆斯是同性恋者。
他与同时代的美国女作家伊迪丝·华顿保持着长期的友谊。
詹姆斯的主要作品是小说，此外也写了许多文学评、《作1902)中，他发掘了人物“最幽微，最朦胧”的思想和感觉，把“太空中跳动的脉搏”转化为形象。
在兰登书屋1996年评选的20世纪百部最佳英文小说中，亨利个人就占了三部。
美国作家。
1843年4月15日生于纽约，1916年2月28日卒于伦敦。
父兄都是美国颇具声望的哲学家。
由于家境富裕，从小受到良好的教育，掌握多种语言。
1862年考入哈佛大学法学院。
1869年游历了英国、法国和意大利等国后，决定离开美国，移居欧洲。
1875～1876年住在巴黎，结识了屠格涅夫、左拉、都德等作家。
2年后迁居伦敦。
1904～1905年曾回美国，1915年因不满美国在第一次世界大战初期的“中立”态度而加入英国籍。
詹姆斯从1864年起开始文学创作。
1879年中篇小说《黛西·密勒》使他一举成名。
小说描写美国姑娘黛西·密勒游历欧洲时的遭遇。
她的天真浪漫、热情开朗的性格招来了许多误解和麻烦。
最后客死他乡。
小说将美1881世纪峰。
《使、詹姆斯被誉为西方现代心理分析小说的开拓者。
作品列表RoderickHudson(1875)。
Henry__James美国文学作家亨利詹姆斯
• Late Period (1895-1916): a revival of the theme of innocence in a corrupted world and “the international theme”. major works: 1895-1990: The Turn of the Screw (1898), What Maisie Knew (1897), etc. 1900-1904: The Ambassadors (1903), The Wings of the Dove (1902) 1904-1916: The American Scene (1907), etc.
James’s psychological novel
• James changed the method of presentation in a novel, shifting the centre of gravity from action to its intellectual and fantastic aspects: • external circumstances lose significance before the inward events that take place in a soul.
Henry James
（1843-1916） ） An American novelist
and
literary critic
Life of Henry James
• Born in a wealthy cultured family in New York with a philosopher and theologist father • Brother William James is also a famous philosopher, psychologist, and founder of utilitarianism. • At the age of 25 he was recognized as the best short story writer in America. • He never married.
henry james
PORTRAIT OF A LADY是澳大利亚导演JANE CAMPION继THE PIANO钢琴课之后的又一部女性主义电影，演员包括NICOLE KIDMAN，JOHN MALCOVICH，BARBARA HURSEY和CHRISTIAN BALE。
不过该片并非原创，而是根据现实主义大师HENRY JAMES的同名小说改编的。
HENRY JAMES（1843-1916）是一位杰出的小说家，文体家和文艺评论家。
他生于美国，父亲是宗教和哲学问题作家，哥哥WILLIAM JAMES就是美国著名的哲学家和心理学家。
他家境富裕，从幼年起便得以漫游欧洲各国，见识颇广；家里来往的客人又都是美国文化界的一些名人（EMERSON，THOREAU...），因此HENRY是在一种文化气息浓郁的环境中成长起来的，虽然他受到的正规教育不多，后来还是成为文学大家。
1862年他进入HA V ARD UNIV学法，但不久即发现他的兴趣在文学，随即开始创作短篇小说。
1875年他出版了第一部短篇小说集，1976年定居LONDON。
此后40年，他一直勤奋写作，创作颇丰。
1904年HENRY返回美国探亲讲学，翌年返回LONDON，开始编辑他著名的24卷本的纽约版文集。
他将以前的许多作品重新修改，并撰写了18篇重要的评论性序言（这些序言包括了对小说这门艺术的不少精辟论述，由后人汇编成THE ART OF THE NOVEL：CRITICAL PREFACES一书）。
1915年为了抗议美国政府在一战中长期保持中立不对德作战，HENRY入了英国籍，一年后去世。
其实HENRY JAMES并不算一个很容易POPULAR起来的作家----这位心理现实主义（PSYCHOLOGICAL REALISM）的奠基人之作品往往都是砖头一样的厚，充满对人物心理细致入微的刻画和描写，而情节方面并不很强；另外他的后期作品又太过艰涩难读，含蓄得要人命（人称THE POST-JAMESIAN STYLE后期占姆斯风格)----关于这一点，我是这样认为的：HENRY的书的确不适合懒人阅读，但一旦你有耐心有毅力深入其中，就会发现他其实是一个超级伟大的作家，并不像人们所说的那么可怕。
Henry_James_简介
The Portrait of a Lady
贵妇的肖像
-----Henry James
The Portrait of a Lady
• It is one of James' most popular novels, and is regarded by critics as one of his best . • With rich, well-structured, and the psychological portrait of young woman , this novel was regarded as modern novel of America.
Writing Styles
• Point of view of a character: Isabel Archer‟s consciousness and perception promote the plot. • 这部小说中作者第一次冲破了传统小说的写作方式， 以女主人公伊莎贝尔·阿切尔为意识中心，将各种 不同的观点集于一身，以她的视角去体验现实生活、 感悟人生的真谛作者精微细致地描绘了伊莎贝尔对 周围环境与人物的各种内心感受与心理变化，使外 部世界通过人物的内心活动得到充分表现，使故事 情节在人物的内心活动中自然展开从伊莎贝尔的人 生经历中读者看到她自由独立的性格
In 1915, he became British subject
He never took part in public affairs or showed much interest in the economic and social changes of the period
He was deeply interested in the contrast between the old world and the new one, between the European way of life and the American one
亨利詹姆斯的简介
亨利詹姆斯的简介亨利詹姆斯是美国乃至世界文学史上的大文豪，19世纪美国继霍桑、麦尔维尔之后最伟大的小说家。
下面是店铺搜集整理的亨利詹姆斯的简介，希望对你有帮助。
亨利詹姆斯的简介亨利·詹姆斯(Henry James,1843年4月15日- 1916年2月28日、享年73岁)，英国-美国作家。
他出身于纽约的上层知识分子家庭，父亲是位自食其力的有钱的哲学家和空想的宗教家，兄长威廉·詹姆斯是美国第一位著名的心理学家和最有影响的哲学家。
詹姆斯的童年是在纽约市度过的，但詹姆斯本人在12岁时随父母去欧洲并长期旅居欧洲。
他的父亲要求他接受丰富的美感教育，带他去参观画廊、图书馆、博物馆和剧院，涉足英国、瑞士和法国等地，历时4年。
他没有接受系统的学校教育，但迅速的掌握了法语，并开始阅读法国文学作品，完全接受了欧洲旧的环境的熏陶。
他从小就意识到传统社会结构的复杂性。
青年时代，他对文学和创作的兴趣更加强烈。
他在美国和欧洲之间数次奔忙，立志从事文学创作，并在成年初期渐露端倪。
他跟家里经常通信，保持密切的联系。
他善于社交，熟识文艺界许多当代文人，不少人成为他的知己。
对19世纪末美国和欧洲的上层生活有细致入微的观察。
但他一生未婚，詹姆斯是同性恋者。
他与同时代的美国女作家伊迪丝·华顿保持着长期的友谊。
他的感情生活丰富，创作热情旺盛，写出了许多传世佳作。
詹姆斯的主要作品是小说，此外也写了许多文学评论、游记、传记和剧本。
他的小说常写美国人和欧洲人之间交往的问题;成人的罪恶如何影响并摧残了纯洁、聪慧的儿童;物质与精神之间的矛盾;艺术家的孤独，作家和艺术家的生活等：这表明作家对个人道德品质的浓厚兴趣。
詹姆斯著作有长篇小说《一个美国人》、《华盛顿广场》《一位女士的画像》、《鸽翼》、《使节》、《金碗》等。
中短篇小说有《黛西·米勒》、《阿斯彭文稿》、《螺丝在旋紧》、《丛林猛兽》以及一组描写作家、艺术家生活的中短篇小说如《真东西》、《地毯上的图案》等。
亨利詹姆斯英文简介
亨利詹姆斯英文简介Henry James, born on April 15, 1843, in New York City, was an American writer who is considered one of the greatest novelists in the English language. He is known for his complex and psychological novels, which explore the themes of innocence, experience, and the clash between American and European culture. James' works have had a significant influence on modern literature, and he is often praised for his unique writing style and meticulous attention to detail.James came from a wealthy and intellectual family. His father, Henry James Sr., was a philosopher, and his brother, William James, became a famous psychologist and philosopher. James received his early education in New York and attended Harvard Law School for a short period before deciding to pursue a career in literature.James began his writing career by publishing reviews and short stories in various magazines and newspapers. His first novel, "Watch and Ward," was published in 1871, but it was his novel "Daisy Miller" (1878) that brought him significant recognition. "Daisy Miller" tells the story of a young American woman in Europe who defies societal norms, and it explores the clash between American and European values and social conventions.In the following years, James continued to produce a series of successful novels. One of his most famous works, "The Portrait of a Lady" (1881), tells the story of a young American woman, Isabel Archer, who travels to Europe and becomes involved in a complicated web of relationships and choices. The novel examinesthe constraints placed on women in society and the consequences of their choices.James' writing style is characterized by his use of interior monologue and his attention to the psychological depth of his characters. He often explores the theme of the "American abroad," portraying characters who are searching for their identity in a foreign environment. His novels are known for their intricate plot structures, with multiple levels of narrative and complex relationships between characters.In addition to his novels, James also wrote numerous shorter works, including novellas and short stories. Some of his notable shorter works include "The Turn of the Screw" (1898), "The Beast in the Jungle" (1903), and "The Aspern Papers" (1888). "The Turn of the Screw" is a ghost story that delves into themes of innocence, corruption, and the supernatural. It has been the subject of much critical analysis and interpretation.James spent a considerable amount of time living in Europe, particularly in England and Italy. He developed close friendships with many influential writers and intellectuals of the time, including Edith Wharton, Joseph Conrad, and Robert Louis Stevenson. His experiences in Europe greatly influenced his work, and he often portrayed the contrast between American and European culture in his novels.In his later years, James became a British citizen and settled in England. He continued to write prolifically and became increasingly interested in the theater, adapting several of his novelsas plays. He also wrote literary criticism, essays, and travelogues. Henry James' contribution to literature is immense. His novelshave been praised for their complex characters, psychological depth, and exploration of cultural and societal issues. His unique writing style and meticulous attention to detail have had a lasting impact on modern literature.James died on February 28, 1916, in London, England, leaving behind a significant body of work that continues to be studied and celebrated today. He remains one of the most important and influential American writers, and his novels continue to captivate readers with their timeless themes and compelling narratives.Henry James的文学贡献不仅仅体现在他的小说作品中，他还对文学批评和艺术理论做出了重要贡献。
英美文学欣赏最新版教学课件美国文学Unit 6 Henry James
英美文学欣赏（第四版）
Under all his culture, his cleverness, his amenity, under his good-nature, his facility, his knowledge of life, his egotism lay hidden like a serpent in a bank of flowers. 在他的修养、聪明和优雅的风度下，在他的和善、能干活熟谙世故的 外表下，隐藏着他的自私，好像是鲜花丛中隐藏着的一条毒蛇。 （注解：夜深人静，伊莎贝尔独自坐在即将熄灭的壁炉前，陷入深深 的思考中。经过了无限的痛苦和挫折之后，她认清了她丈夫的本质。）
英美文学欣赏（第四版）
if she had really married on a factitious theory, in order to do something finely appreciable with her money. 是否她真的是因为一种假想的道理才结婚，为了用她的钱做合适的事。 （注解：伊莎贝尔当初答应奥斯蒙德求婚时，表兄拉尔夫提醒她说，奥 斯蒙德因为她的钱才向她求婚。因为他一无所有。伊莎贝尔当时回答： 如果是这样，我的钱就算是用到了最需要的地方。）
英美文学欣赏（第四版）
An Appreciation of American Literature
Unit 6 Henry James
英美文学欣赏（第四版）
作者简介
亨利 ·詹姆斯（Henry James, 1843—1916）美 国著名小说家和文学评论家，被誉为美国现代 小说和小说理论的奠基人。詹姆斯出身纽约一 个名门世家。父亲是哲学家、神学家。哥哥威 廉 ·詹姆斯（William James, 1842—1910）是著 名的心理学家和实用主义哲学家。“意识流” 一词即出自他的《心理学原理》。詹姆斯自幼 受到良好的教育， 并多次游历、求学欧洲，并 结识屠格涅夫、福楼拜、左拉等文学名家。曾 学习绘画，还进入哈佛大学学习法律，但不久 即辍学专事文学创作。他崇尚欧洲文化，1875 年起定居伦敦。1915 年，因美国未及时参加第 一次世界大战而加入英国籍，第二年病逝。
亨利·詹姆斯的心理现实主义小说及其影响
亨利·詹姆斯的心理现实主义小说及其影响亨利·詹姆斯（Henry James，1843年-1916年）被誉为美国心理现实主义小说的奠基者，他的作品以人物的心理描写和细致入微的社会观察而著称，对于后世文学进步产生了深遥的影响。
他的小说不仅呈现了一种细腻而精确的心理描写，也揭示了人性的复杂性和社会的变化。
本文将以《昔日的遗物》和《转轮》为例，探讨詹姆斯的心理现实主义小说以及其对文学界的影响。
詹姆斯的小说以心理描写为主，通过对人物心里世界的深度探究来呈现作品真实的情感和思想。
在《昔日的遗物》中，他通过对主人公斯特瑞斯更斯先生的思想感情和一系列行动的描写，机灵地刻画出一个往事缠身、心里挣扎的角色形象。
小说以第一人称叙述方式，真实还原了主人公心里世界的复杂性和痛苦。
詹姆斯通过细腻入微的心理描写，展示了人物内在的冲突冲突和情感纠葛。
这种深度剖析人性的手法，使读者更容易投入到故事中，与小说人物产生共情。
在《转轮》中，詹姆斯接受了拟人化的叙事方法，将传统的小说叙述者设定为一个具有自我意识和思维能力的角色。
通过奇特的叙述视角，作者深度剖析了主人公的心里世界和思维过程，以此揭示人物的动态变化和情感进步。
小说盘绕女主人公卡罗琳娜的角色展开，通过她的眼睛和心灵来观察社会现象和人物干系的变化。
这种奇特的叙事手法，使读者更加贴近故事情节，并专注观察和沉思人物的情感变迁。
通过这些小说，詹姆斯不仅在文学上开创了新的叙述方式和心理描写的方法，也对后世文学创作者产生了深遥的影响。
起首，他以心理描写为主线，强调人物心里的思想、情感和动机，从而使小说具有更加深度的人物描写和细致入微的情感表达。
这种心理描写的方法被后来的作家所进修和仿效，并成为现代文学创作的重要手法之一。
其次，詹姆斯对社会现象和人际干系进行了深度观察和剖析，揭示了人性的复杂性和社会的变化。
他的小说不仅是个人心里的呈现，也是对社会普遍现象的批判和反思。
这种对社会现实的关注和剖析的方法，使他的作品具有更广泛的意义和启示，引起了读者对社会问题的关注和沉思。
美国文学课 亨利詹姆斯简介
亨利·詹姆斯亨利·詹姆斯（Henry James，1843年4月15日－1916年2月28日），19世纪美国继霍桑、麦尔维尔之后最伟大的小说家，也是美国乃至世界文学史上的大文豪。
詹姆斯的主要作品是小说，此外也写了许多文学评论、游记、传记和剧本。
他的小说常写美国人和欧洲人之间交往的问题；成人的罪恶如何影响并摧残了纯洁、聪慧的儿童；物质与精神之间的矛盾；艺术家的孤独，作家和艺术家的生活等。
代表作有长篇小说：《一个美国人》、《一位女士的画像》、《鸽翼》、《使节》和《金碗》等。
他的创作对20世纪崛起的现代派及后现代派文学有着非常巨大的影响。
中文名亨利·詹姆斯外文名Henry James国籍美国出生日期1843年4月15日逝世日期1916年2月28日职业文学家主要成就写出大批具有巨大影响力的小说代表作品一个美国人、一位女士的画像、鸽翼、使节、金碗等目录1简介2人物履历3成长经历4创作之路5相关评价6成就7名人评价8主要作品列表1简介编辑亨利·詹姆斯(Henry James,1843年4月15日- 1916年2月28日、享年73岁），英国-美国作家。
他出身于纽约的上层知识分子家庭，父亲老亨利·詹姆斯是著名学者，兄长威廉·詹姆斯是知名的哲学家和心理学家。
詹姆斯本人长期旅居欧洲，对19世纪末美国和欧洲的上层生活有细致入微的观察。
詹姆斯是同性恋者。
他与同时代的美国女作家伊迪丝·华顿保持着长期的友谊。
詹姆斯的主要作品是小说，此外也写了许多文学评论、游记、传记和剧本。
他的小说常写美国人和欧洲人之间交往的问题；成人的罪恶如何影响并摧残了纯洁、聪慧的儿童；物质与精神之间的矛盾；艺术家的孤独，作家和艺术家的生活等：这表明作家对个人道德品质的浓厚兴趣。
詹姆斯著作有长篇小说《一个美国人》、《华盛顿广场》《一位女士的画像》、《鸽翼》、《使节》、《金碗》等。
中短篇小说有《黛西·米勒》、《阿斯彭文稿》、《螺丝在旋紧》、《丛林猛兽》以及一组描写作家、艺术家生活的中短篇小说如《真东西》、《地毯上的图案》等。
Henry james(亨利·詹姆斯)演示课件
Second period
15
Third period（major period）
return to international theme
16
International theme
a story which brings together persons of various nationalities who represent certain characteristics of their countries. The Europeans in James' novels are more cultured, more concerned with art, and more aware of the subtleties of social situations than James'
17
Psychological novel
James changed the method of presentation in a novel, shifting the centre of gravity from action to its intellectual and fantastic aspects: external circumstances lose significance before the inward events that take place in a soul.
7
In 1916, he died
In 1976, his ashes were removed to Poet’s corner in Westminster Abbey
8
Henry James
（1843－1916）
亨利詹姆斯
亨利·詹姆斯百科内容来自于:亨利·詹姆斯（HenryJames，1843年4月15日－1916年2月28日），英国以及美国的作家。
亨利·詹姆斯出身于纽约的上层知识分子家庭，父兄都是美国颇具声望的哲学家。
由于家境富裕，亨利·詹姆斯从小受到良好的教育，掌握多种语言。
詹姆斯本人长期旅居欧洲，对19世纪末美国和欧洲的上层生活有细致入微的观察。
詹姆斯是同性恋者。
他与同时代的美国女作家伊迪丝·华顿保持着长期的友谊。
詹姆斯的主要作品是小说，此外也写了许多文学评论、游记、传记和剧本。
他的小说常写美国人和欧洲人之间交往的问题；成人的罪恶如何影响并摧残了纯洁、聪慧的儿童；物质与精神之间的矛盾；艺术家的孤独，作家和艺术家的生活等。
生平简历亨利·詹姆斯作品亨利·詹姆斯1843年4月15日生于纽约；1862年考入哈佛大学法学院；从1864年起开始文学创作；1869年游历了英国、法国和意大利等国后，决定离开美国，移居欧洲；1875～1876年住在巴黎，结识了屠格涅夫、左拉、都德等作家；1878年后迁居伦敦；1879年中篇小说《黛西·密勒》使他一举成名；1881年出版的《一位女士的画像》，是他早期创作中最具代表意义的作品；1904～1905年曾回美国；1915年因不满美国在第一次世界大战初期的“中立”态度而加入英国籍；成长经历亨利·詹姆斯詹姆斯出身于纽约一个有钱的知识分子家庭。
父亲是个哲学家、神学家，但为人专横粗暴。
长兄威廉健壮得如同运动员一般，后来成了令人敬畏的哲学家和哈佛大学心理学教授。
詹姆斯的童年非常不愉快，他是在对哥哥的畏惧中成长起来的。
詹姆斯曾经跟家庭闹翻过，不过后来又修补了这种关系。
他在哥哥阴影笼罩下的成长，是怎样影响到他的内心世界，并进而影响到他的创作的，因为詹姆斯生性过于敏感。
笑声很少来自于詹姆斯，由于跟他友好的人过早去世，包括他的姐姐艾丽丝，他的表妹米妮·坦普尔，他活得一直很沉重。
Part 4 Henry James 亨利 詹姆斯
• In 1875 he decided that Europe was his ideal home and settled in Paris, where he met Flaubert and Maupassant. • Then in 1915 he went to England and became British subject, where he met the most well-known writers of the period, such as Conrad and Kipling, accepted him as a friend and appreciated his books. 1875年，他在法国巴黎定居，并相识了福楼拜和莫泊 桑。 1915年，亨利詹姆斯成了一个英国公民。
• 詹姆斯是以其”国际主题“小说家闻名于世的。 他的主要小说几乎全是以一个在欧洲的美国人为 中心人物的。通过这个人物作者使美国人的积极 主动与欧洲贵族的矫揉造作，美国人的天真纯朴 与欧洲人的老奸巨猾形成了鲜明的对比。一般说 来，作者以美国人的优点对欧洲人的缺点——以 美国人的纯洁、实际、主动、真挚、活跃、自然 和忠诚等对欧洲人（包括久住欧洲的美国人）的 老于世故、拘泥形式、礼仪、文雅、艺术、虚伪 和邪恶等等。
the reasons for being popular:
• • • • i. international theme, he penetrated it so deeply ii. refined language 精细的语言 iii. psychological realism 心理分析现实主义 a pioneer showing inner consciousness of his characters in face of outward happiness 展示内心的意识—先驱者 • 1st modern psychological analyst 现代心理分析大师
美国文学——henry james
Three periods of James’ career
1. 1865-1881(simple and straightforward)
Daisy Miller & The Portrait of a Lady
2. 1882-1895 (period of experimentation)
The Bostonians & The Turn of the Screw
Henry James produced a number of international novels. He was fascinated with his “international theme”.
Daisy Miller won him international fame.
The last 3 ones represent the summit of his art.
As a stylist
Experimented with the point of view Showing interaction of different points of
view Invented the Leabharlann entral intelligence
/consciousness (viewpoint of a major character in the story disguised as the omniscient author) Sophisticated and polished language Precise description because of an enormous size of vocabulary
亨利詹姆斯生平
the aim of the novel the artist should write about anything that is to concerns him, even the ugly represent life and the commonplace
Art must be related to life "The only reason for the existence of a novel is that it does attempt to represent life"
HENRY JAMES （1843-1916）
DEFINITION
• He is regarded as one of the key figures of 19th-century realist writers and psychological realist novelists. • A forerunner of stream of consciousness.
书上没有
INFLUENCE OF OTHER AUTHORS
GEORGE ELIOT--ideal of philoENEV--“adorable”, guide -- Inspired by his portraits of women FLAUBERT--Resemble to Madame Bovary HAWTHORNE--Impressed by his insight into the human psyche
WRITING TECHNIQUES
POINT OF VIEW
Definition:
Illumination of the situstion characters through one or several minds. Third person limited point of view is a method of storytelling in which the narrator knows only the thoughts and feelings of a single character, while other characters are presented only externally. Third person limited grants a writer more freedom than first person, but less than third person omniscient. 简史P128
9. Henry James
Henry James’s Writings
The literary career of Henry James is generally divided into three periods. In the first period (1865-1882), James took great interest in international themes. In almost all the stories and novels he wrote during this period, James treated the clashes between two different cultures and the emotional and moral problems of Americans in Europe, or Europeans in America.
Henry James’s Writings
Henry James’s literary criticism is an indispensable part of his contribution to literature. It is both concerned with form and devoted to human values. The theme of his essay “The Art of Fiction” clearly indicates that the aim of the novel is to present life, so it is not surprising to find in his writings human experiences explored in every possible form: illusion, despair, reward, torment, inspiration, delight, etc.
Henry James ppt 亨利 詹姆斯
Henry James(1843-1916)ContentsLife StoryLiterary Achievement International Theme Writing Style•born in a wealthy family (New York)•three siblings and a brother (second)•Henry James Sr (father)---a philosopher and reformer•William James (brother)---a psychologist and philosopher•William Dean Howells(his life-long friend)•educated in Harvard Law School•never married, once loved his cousin•1875settled in his ideal home ---Paris,met Flaubert （福楼拜）and Maupassant（莫泊桑）•1915 becoming a naturalized British citizen( thinks that American life is materialistic and lack of culture and sophistication)•influenced by some literary celebrities:George Eliot, Turgenev, Hawthorne...•1916 died of pneumonia in London and was buried in Massachusetts(马萨诸塞)•1976 his ashes were removed to Poets' corner in Westminster (威斯敏斯特)abbeyGrave marking Henry James in Cambridge Cemetery in Cambridge, MassachusettsLiterary Achievement• a productive writer: writing novels, novellas and tales, traveling writings, literary criticism, plays, autobiographies and so on.•There periods of his literary life•the first period (1865-1882)•the second period (1882-1895)•the third period (1895-1900)•First period:1865-1882–International theme.(American innocence in face of European sophistication)•Daisy Miller，1878《黛西·密勒》•The Portrait of a Lady，1881《贵妇人的画像》•The American 1877《美国人》•Second Period (1882-1895) :–studies of interpersonal relationships. (subtle studies of inter-personal relationship)•The Bostonians，1886《波士顿人》•The Princess Casamassima(1886)•The Private Life (1893)•The Deathe of a Lion(1894)•The Turn of the Screw(1898)•The Beast in the Jungle (1903)•Third Period(1895-1900):–added complexity and profundity to his international theme .(a revival of the theme of innocence in a corruptedworld and “the international theme”.•What Maisie knew《梅吉的见闻》•The Wings of the Dove 《鸽翼》(1902)•The Ambassadors 《专使》(1903)•The Golden Bowl《金碗》(1904)His contribution to literary criticism(文学评论)an indispensable part of his contributionthe artist should write about anything that concerns him, even the ugly and the commonplace “The Art of Fiction ”《小说的艺术》is concerned with form devoted to human valuesArt must be related to life"The only reason for the existence of a novel is that it does attempt to represent life" the aim of the novel is to present life•The American《美国人》（1877）–a story about a young and innocent Americanconfronting the complexity of the European life.•Daisy Miller《黛西·密勒》（1878）–a novella about a young American girl who gets "killed" by the winter in Rome.•The Europeans(1878)–the scene shifted back to America, where someEuropeans learn with difficulty to adaptthemselves to the American life.•The Portrait of A Lady 《贵妇人画像》（1881）：considered as his masterpiec e–the clash between the Old World and the New inthe life journey of an American girl in a Europeancultural environment.•Novels•The Bostonians(1886)–satirized the women liberation movement that took place in Boston•The Princess Casamassima(1886)–exposed the anarchist无政府主义者conspiracy共谋in the slum贫民窟of London, were written in a naturalistic mode and proved to be un sunccessful.•play writing–better knowledge of literary techniques,though not at all success•short fictions•The Private Life(1893)•The Death of a Lion(1894)•The Turn of the Screw(1898)–a story about the troubled and abnormalpsychology of oppressed children, in which awhole household is terrorized by "ghosts".•The Beast in the Jungle (1903)–focuses on the imaginative obsession of somehaunted men and women with their personaldisaster in future.The Third Period (1895-1900)•What Maisie knew《梅吉的见闻》•The Wings of the Dove 《鸽翼》(1902)•The Ambassadors 《专使》(1903)•The Golden Bowl《金碗》(1904)James ’s international themeare set against a large international background, usually between Europe and Americafocus on the confrontation of the two different cultures with two different groups of people representing two different value systemshis fame rests upon his novels withnovelsAmerican personalities ofEuropean personalities of innocence, enthusiasm, vulgarity, ignorance, unsophistication, freshness, freedom, individuality standsformoralityAmerican heroes and heroines, who confrontedEuropean sophistication, either triumphed over it orwere overwhelmed.over-refinement, degeneration, complexity,high cultivation, stand for mannerscontrast withInternational Theme1.“point of view”视角Explain the situationand character throughone or several mindsreaders observe events and people through the consciousness of characters and participate in their experiencemethodJames’s literary techniquesJames’s literary techniques2.psychological analysisthe forerunner of "stream-of-consciousness" novels the founder of psychological realismemphasizes the inner awareness and inward movement of characters。
美国文学课件Henry James(超完整版)讲解
The art of fiction
• 《小说的艺术》(“The Art of Fiction”) 一文 所阐明的许多理论和观点，迄今依然被广 泛地认为是无懈可击的经典之作。现代文 学评论的许多术语，也源于他的文学评论 著作，例如，“sensibility” （敏感）、 “execution” (处理、或技巧)、“point of view” (叙事角度)等，不一而足；詹姆斯也 被尊奉为“大师”，对欧美作家如康拉德、 菲兹杰拉德等人影响颇大。
Henry Jation
1.a wealthy cultured family
A.father-- an eminent philosopher and reformer B.brother--a famous philosopher and psychologist
shortages
>阶级局限性,多是描写资产阶级上层社会,缺 失普通劳动者的气息。
>创作局限于资产阶级人文主义，涉及道德， 教养和情操，缺乏对整个社会的剖析。
>作品中的女主人公不是同社会恶势力作斗争 的强者.
The international theme
• American innocence in face of European sophistication
Major works
• b. inter-personal relationships(1882-1895)
• His novels was poorly received • Turned to play-writing in 1890,also failure • Returned to the novels in 1895 with
concerns him, even the ugly and the commonplace • "The only reason for the existence of a novel is that it does attempt to represent life"
浅析亨利·詹姆斯小说中的欧美文化冲突与融合
外国文学浅析亨利·詹姆斯小说中的欧美文化冲突与融合王军西安航空学院 外国语学院摘要：亨利·詹姆斯(Henry James)是继霍桑、麦尔维尔之后，美国文学史上著名的现实主义作家。
在他众多的小说中，国际主题一直是主旋律。
他刻画了众多旅居欧洲的美国人的形象，描写了欧洲与美国的文化冲突，以及欧美文化融合的美好愿景。
本文以亨利·詹姆斯笔下的小说人物为对象，分析欧美文化冲突以及欧美文化融合的原因。
关键词：亨利·詹姆斯；文化冲突；文化融合亨利·詹姆斯(Henry James)(1843-1966)是19世纪至20世纪美国最杰出的现实主义小说家，首先将意识流运用于文学创作之中，为美国文学以及世界文学做出了巨大的贡献。
除了小说之外，亨利·詹姆斯还创作了许多文学评论、游记、传记和剧本。
在他的一生中，总共创作了22部长篇小说，113篇中、短篇小说，以及大量的文学评论书籍。
代表作有《黛西·米勒》、《美国人》、《华盛顿广场》、《一位女士的画像》、《鸽翼》、《使节》和《金碗》等[1]。
在他的小说中，国际主题(International Theme)是不变的主旋律，他刻画了大量旅居欧洲的美国人的形象。
通过这些人物的经历，描述了美国人在欧洲生活时所经历的种种遭遇，揭示了美国与欧洲的文化冲突。
在他前期的作品中，小说中的美国人往往因为这种冲突而经历坎坷，最终导致死亡。
但在他后期的作品中，主人公虽然仍旧会经历种种磨难，但最后却会成功地融入欧洲文化之中，并在一定程度上对欧洲文化注入新的美国元素[2]。
一、亨利·詹姆斯的个人背景及时代背景(一)个人背景1843年亨利·詹姆斯出生于纽约，父母均为富有的知识分子。
他的父亲老亨利·詹姆斯是一位哲学家、神学家，但性格暴躁，在家中为人专横。
他的哥哥威廉·詹姆斯是一位著名的哲学家和心理学家，并成为了哈佛的心理学教授。
亨利詹姆斯英文简介
亨利詹姆斯英文简介Henry James Henry James, April 15, 1843 - February 28, 1916, the 19th century, the United States following Hawthorne, Melville after the greatest novelist, but also the history of theUnited States and the world literature writer. James's main works are novels, in addition to writing many literary reviews, travels, biographies and scripts. His novels often write about theintercourse between Americans and Europeans; how adult sins affect and destroy pure, intelligent children; the contradiction between material and spiritual; the loneliness of the artist, thelife of the writer and the artist. There are novels: "an American", "a portrait of a woman", "pigeon", "envoys" and "gold bowl" and so on. Hiscreation has had a tremendous impact on the riseof modernism and postmodernism in the twentieth century.Henry James is one of the pioneers of American novelists, literary critics, playwrights and essayists, who are considered to be psychoanalytic novels. His knowledge of human behavior isunique in the twentieth century The pioneer of writing skills in novels.Henry James Henry James, April 15, 1843 - February 28, 1916, at the age of 73 yearsBritish - American writer. He was born in New York's upper class of intellectuals, his father is a self-reliant philosopher and fantastic religiousist, brother William James is the firstfamous American psychologist and the most influential philosopher.James's childhood was spent in New York City, but James himself at the age of 12 with their parents to Europe and long-termliving in Europe. His father asked him to receive a wealth of aesthetic education, take him to visit galleries, libraries, museums and theaters,Involved in the United Kingdom, Switzerland and France and other places, which lasted four years. He did not accept the system of school education, but quickly mastered the French, and beganto read the French literature, fully accepted the influence of the old European environment. He grew up to realize the complexity of traditionalsocial structures. In his youth, he was moreinterested in literature and creation. He was bustling between theUnited States and Europe several times, determined to engage in literarycreation, and in the early days of adulthood. Heoften communicates with his family and keeps in close contact. He is good at social, familiar with the literary and art circles of many contemporary literati, many people become his confidant.On the late 19th century the United States and Europe, the upper life of a nuanced observation. But he was unmarried, James is gay. He and his contemporary American writer Edith Whartonmaintained a long-term friendship. His emotional life is rich, creative passion, wrote a lot of masterpieces handed down.James's main works are novels, in addition to writing many literary reviews, travels, biographies and scripts. His novels often write the question of the interaction between the Americans andthe Europeans; how the evil of adults affects and destroys the pure and intelligent children; the contradiction between material and spiritual; the loneliness of the artist, the life of thewriter and the artist: Indicating that the writer's interest in personal moral quality.James works with novels "An American", "Washington Square", "Portrait of a Lady", "Pigeon Wing", "Envoy", "Golden Bowl" and so on. In the short stories are "Daisy Miller", "Aspen manuscript","screw in the tight", "jungle beast" and a group of writers, artists living in short stories such as "real things", "carpet On the pattern "and so on. James wrote a lot of very insightfulcommentary on British, American and French writers such as George Eliot, Stevenson, Anthony Trollope, Hawthorne, Emerson, Balzac , George Sang, Flaubert and Turgenev and so on. There are threekinds of autobiography: "childhood and other", "as a son and brother" and "middle age".Henry James created a psychological analysis of the novel precedent, his pen, there seems to be like a maze of ordinary people in the inner world. In The Wings of the Dove 1902, he exploresthe "faint and dull" thoughts and feelings of the characters, transforming the "beating in the space" into the image.At the beginning of the twentieth century, James published three consecutive novels of "pigeon", "envoys" and "gold bowl", so that his creation reached a peak. In the Random House in 1996selected the 20th century PARKnSHOP English novels, James by virtue ofthese three novels on the list, and are ranked front. Most of these novels celebrate the virtues of the Americanbourgeoisie. They are basically subtle inner activities, sometimes cumbersome and cumbersome and seem obscure. James's works are "Boston people", "Princess Casablanca", "American", "Poeton'scollection" and so on. In addition to the novel, but also wrote some important literary criticism and script, travel and so on. James is known as the pioneer of modern Western psychologicalanalysis novels.Born in New York on April 15, 1843;1862 was admitted to Harvard Law School;From 1864 onwards began to literary creation;In 1869 traveled the United Kingdom, France and Italy and other countries, decided to leave the United States, moved to Europe;1875 ~ 1876 living in Paris, met the blessing worship, Turgenev, Zola, Tudor and other writers;After 1878 moved to London;In 1879 the novel "Daisy Miller" made him famous;Published in 1881, "a woman's portrait", is his early creation of the most representative works;At the beginning of the 20th century, he returned to the United States and created three novels, namely, "pigeon wings", "envoys" and "gold bowls". These three novels were recognized asJames's masterpieces. All three were selected in the 20th century. Novels and rank the forefront;1915 due to dissatisfaction with the United States in the early days of the First World War "neutral" attitude to join the British nationality.JamesBorn in New York, a rich family of intellectuals. The father is a philosopher, the theologian, but the man is rude. The long brother of William was as athletic as the athlete, and laterbecame an awesome philosopher and professor of psychology at HarvardUniversity. James's childhood was very unpleasant, he grew up in fear of his brother. James had nothing to do with thefamily, but later patched the relationship. How he grew up under the shadow of his brother, how he influenced his inner world, and thus influenced his creation, because James was too sensitive.Laughter rarely comes from James, thanks to his early death with his friendly man, including his sister Alice, his cousin Minnie Temple, who has been very heavy to live. James has used thesuccession of these people as a material, in the novel "Daisy Miller", "a woman's portrait", "pigeon", "envoys" and "gold bowl" to create a series of distinctive The heroine image.James has always wanted to be a playwright, and finally with hisinitiative away from the theater and ended. James had been worried about the success of his new play, "Gay Tomwell", butbecause he was so nervous that he did not catch the right opportunity. He is not good at dealing with the theater. The book tells the story that one night when he approached the theater, OscarWilde "ideal husband" is staged, he decided to give up to watch the gaudy gay wandime script performance. Because "he thinks these people in the theater seem to enjoy the pleasure of their own,he felt in his life he never had this look.He did not know in these so happy, so triumphant, so happy among the people How to spend that three hours. "So James went back again.Most of the tension in James's life comes from his alienation of what he cherishes. In fact, he has entered the upper class in Europe, rich writer to be able to contact him and be proud of,but he still feel that he is an outsider: is a bachelor, there is a tendency to homosexuality, although he suppressed this desire. At the same time he was an American, because then the UnitedStates has just developed, advocating European culture and worship of Europeans was a kind of atmosphere of the American upper class.He felt humiliated, began to look away from the public's attention, reduced contact with family and friends, traveled to Rome and Florence, where he intended to spend the rest of his lifequietly. And later in England to buy a house with a garden, so settled down and dedicated to writing. Between 1902 and 1905, James published three of the 20th century's most promising novels:"Pigeon Wing", "Envoys", "Golden Bowl". In 1915 James joined the British. James's writing is very focused and very devoted, he put the novel as a subtle "comprehensive art" to seriously. Tooseriously, so he is always in life and creation is intertwined with psychological anxiety and tension, so that the psychological balance is often broken.感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
James usually attempts to tell the story from the point of view of a character in the work.
In Daisy Miller, the story is seen through the mind of Winterbourne. The reader can note there that the story is never seen from Daisy's point of view. The story is about how Daisy is seen by others, especially Winterbourne.
Major Themes In James's Fiction
The international theme
Observations of American culture in the contact zone of American culture and European culture; Definition of American literature in the international context.
Jamesian sense of Innocence
The artist theme
Art is artist’s fidelity to life. Artist, embodying the creative process and force of life, inevitably conflicts with the false values and limited imagination of society, particularly its lack of aesthetic awareness.
Every scene is structured to illustrate something more about Daisy's personality.
Daisy---day’s eye---Innocent
A common plant of the composite (菊科的) family, bearing flowers with white rays around a yellow disk.
The series of critical prefaces he wrote for the reissue of his novels (beginning in 1907) won him a reputation as a superb technician.
Major works
The American (1877); The Portrait of a Lady (1881); Daisy Miller (1879); The Europeans (1878); Washington Square (1881); The Bostonians(1886); The Turn of the Screw (1898); The Golden Bowl (1904); ……
Fourth, a Jamesian novel is always organic, all things are in relation to the whole. Nothing, not character, plot, story, scene, dialogue, descriptionnothing is isolated. All parts are related.
a mind and person through whom the story is being presented to the reader
James is always conscious of how the reader is hearing and seeing his story. James basically stays away from the omniscient narrator except for occasional comments.
More than any previous writer, James refined the technique of narrating a novel from the point of view of a character, thereby laying the foundations of modern
The thing that "supremely matters" is the central idea of the novel or that idea around which the novel functions.
The thing that "supremely matters“ in Daisy Miller
stream of consciousness fiction.
• In literature, technique that records the multifarious thoughts and feelings of a character without regard to logical argument or narrative sequence. • The stream of consciousness is attempted to reflect all the forces, external and internal, influencing the psychology of a character at a single moment.
The omniscient narrator means that the story is told from the point of view of the author. He knows all the characters and what they are thinking and doing.
Henry James (1843 – 1916) with his Daisy Miller
Achievements
American novelist and critic; A master of the psychological novel; An innovator in technique and one of the most distinctive prose stylists in English; Accompanied by only Hawthorne, Melville, Twain, and perhaps Faulkner.
The Jamesian Novel---a specific description
First, the story, plot, dialogue in a Jamesian novel are complete within the work itself. Second, in a James novel, there is always what James referred to as the "central consciousness".
In Daisy Miller, the thing that "supremely matters" is Winterbourne's attempt to discover how innocent
Daisy really is.
Could she possibly be a mistress of the art of deception and in truth be essentially an improper girl, or is she simply responding so innocently and spontaneously to life that she ignores all the rules of decorum?
The Jamesian Novel--- a general description
Henry James was one of the first writers to think of the novel as a work of art. James did not use the novel as a social document or as a forum for his philosophy. To James, the novel is a form complete in itself. The Jamesian novel is difficult to read.
Structure of Henry James' Novels
Almost all of James’s novels are structured in the same way. There must be a center, something toward which all the lines point and which "supremely matife
His moral conviction: life is indestructible. He brought under his fictive microscope people and society that were decaying and sterile, living on conventions without any force of conviction and showed how the emotion underlining the conventions is about to explode.