2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(7)-中大网校

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2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案 .doc

2009年6月英语四级考试真题与答案参考答案听力：短对话11. She has always enjoyed great popularity12. They are going to have a holiday13. He was very courageous14. Buy a new washing machine15. He is not excited about his new position16. The man offers to drive the women to the party17. Finalizing a contract18. She ordered some paper长对话19 He can no longer work at sea20 She passed away years ago21 She has never got on with her father22 He is excellent but looks bad-tempered23 Some of the packs do not contain manuals24 solve the problem at her company’s cost25 Ideal短文：26 C it’s entertaining27C they may catch some disease28D continue the feeding till it get warm29C he will lie whenever he wants30A she made him apologize31D move furniture for her32A the atmosphere they live in is rather unreal33D he has too much to know the value of things34D she has no time to do it herself35D the lifestyle depicted in Hollywood movies复合式听写答案：36 concentrated 40 row37 information 41 suspected38 depends 42 phenomenon (现象)39 straight 43 efficiently44 our second rule of learning is this: it is better to study fairly briefly but often。

2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(8)-中大网校

2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(8)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分Part I Writing (30mintes)(1)Attend Your Classes Regularly_______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Attend Your Classes Regularly．You should write at least l50 words according to the outline given below in chinese：1．大学校园里迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象2．保证学生出勤水平对大学教育的重要性3．作为学生应该怎样做Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 2 - 5, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions6 - 11, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Cross-cultural Conflict Resolution in TeamsTeam members work in increasingly diverse environments: in terms of age, gender, race,language, and nationality. Beyond these differences, there are also deeper cultural differences that influence the way conflict is approached.The use of teams represents an important change in the way we work. The theory is that through the interdependency of the parts greater productivity is achieved by the whole. Experience has been less kind. One reason that teams fail to meet performance expectations is their paralysis through unresolved conflict.Teams DynamicsOver time successful teams develop culturally distinct pathways to communicate, solve problem, make decisions, and resolve conflict. Most literature on teams suggests that they realize high performance levels by passing through four distinct development phases: 'forming', storming', ' norming' and 'performing'.The development of team norms does not take place in a vacuum, but is embedded in the wider social,political and economic context of the day.Another reality is that team members do not have access to the same power. Sources of power differ, as do expectations about how ands when it will be used. It is suggested that a successful team will :be comfortable dealing with conflict be committed to resolving disputes close to the source resolve disputes based on interests before rights and power learn from experience with .conflicts This ties in with research on the effects of interpersonal conflict in teams. A team member's commitment to the team and the team mission decreases if conflict goes unresolved, but can increase if conflict is well-managed and resolved. If unhealthy conflict goes unresolved for too long, team members are likely to quit or to search for alternatives.Defining Culture Social anthropology, as the academic field responsible for the study, of culture, has yet to settle on a definition of culture. However, forour practical purposes, culture is defined as the shared set of values, beliefs, norms, attitudes, behaviors, and social structures that define reality and guide everyday interactions.This definition implies that culture is an attribute of a group, and also contemplates the fact that there may be as much variation within the group as between different groups. We often associate culture with a national group, however, culture include(2)A unanimous definition of culture has failed to emerge both in social anthropology and everyday life. Y．N．NG_________(3)Unresolved conflict can be destructive to the performance of teams. Y．N．NO____________(4)According to the Platinum rule, we should treat our team members as we would have them treat us. Y．N．NG(5)There are two basic categories of negotiation styles: positional and______(6)Conflict is regarded as a marker of __________by collectivists while accepted as unavoidable by individualists.(7)Compared with the_________ culture, the surface culture is only a small part of culture.(8)The failure of developing acceptable ____________may result in inaccurate stereotypes and foster negative feelings of hostility.(9)According to different cultures, negotiations can be conducted through direct, face-to-face communication or indirect___________(10)The__________ can be used when considering the cultures of different groups.Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully. Then answer thequestions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you're 'hot'. That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as "Get up, John! you'll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends When husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.(2)According to the passage unawareness of energy cycles of husbands and wives may lead to__________ .(3)When should one get up if he wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning(4)You are advised to rise with a___________ at leisure because it will help to keep your energy for the day's work.(5)Habit can help one adapt to his own_________Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A．, B．, C．and D．.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16to 20 are based onthe following passage.The scientific establishment is playing a key role in research and development of genetic engineering biotechnology and in actively defending the industry under the banner of "sound science" and "scientific progress". Scientific advice to the government is heavily biased in favor of the industry. Lord Sainsbury, current Minister for Science, was former chairman of the Sainsbury family's supermarket chain, closely involved with the development of GE foods.Another prominent scientist, Derek Burke, advisor to the Parliamentary Committee on Science and Technology and former chair of the Advisory Committee on Novel Food Products, was a key participant in the UK Government's Technology Foresight exercises, and in a follow-up group that determined the pro-biotech funding policy of the BBSRC. Derek Burke is an outspoken and staunch defender of the industry. The public are being informed uncritically by scientists like Burke and others, consciously or unconsciously serving commercial interests, and legitimate concerns about safety are caricatured as irrational fear arising out of ignorance.The credibility of science and scientists has been steadily diminishing over the years as science has become more and more absorbed into the commercial sector. Science education at every level is being subverted to corporate aims: its chief purpose is to provide skilled but uncritical workers for industry. The UK Government has even run a competition for science students on how to commercially exploit scientific research.. There has been no major open debate on genetic engineering within academic institutions that has been organized by the academic staff. With very few exceptions, students are not encouraged to ask questions about the ethics or the hazards of genetic engineering on either side of the Atlantic.Scientific evidence of actual and potential hazards, which has been steadily building up over the past ten years, is being ignored and dismissed. More seriously, independent scientists reporting findings damaging to the industry are gagged and victimized. Within the UK, Dr. Arpad Pusztai,senior scientist of the publicly-funded Rowlett Institute, and his collaborators were awarded a 1.6 million pound grant to carry out systematic safety testing of GE food. They found that the GE potato lines tested were toxic to young rats, and Pusztai informed the public in a brief interview which was part of a TV documentary. A few days later, he was removed from his job, denied access to h(2)We can infer, from the first paragraph that__________A. BBSRC is not in favor of GE biotechnologyB. Lord Sainsbury is a Well-known scientist himselfC. most supermarkets in Britain sell GE foodsD. Burke .is not aware of public ignorance about GE foods(3)The author implies that the goal of college education should be to develop the students' ability to____________ .A. find commercial applications for scientific researchB. set up informed goals before doing any scientific researchC. think critically and independently about how research is appliedD. adapt readily to the scientific development in the commercial sector(4)The example of Arpad Pusztai is used to illustrate_________A. public ignorance of the potential risks in GE foodB. the role of TV in publicizing scientific knowledgeC. the importance of scientific findings to scientific researchD. the threat faced by independent science(5)It is clear that the findings of Dr. Arpad Pusztai_________A. come in conflict with the government's GE food policiesB. provide strong support for Derek Burke's argumentC. justify the suppression of different voices concerning GE foodsD. resolve the genetic engineering debate once for all(6)Passage TwoQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.If sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills., American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition. .is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired or rented at the lowest possible cost much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command.The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, often at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central, usually the second most important executive after the CEO, in the firm's hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees.And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany ( as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United Sates. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the. bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can't effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.{TS}Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?A. They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skillB. They only hire skilled workers because of keen competitioC. They attach more importance to workers than to equipmenD. They see the gaining of skills as their employees' own busines(7)What is the position of the head of human-resource management in an American firm?A. He is one of the most important executives in the firB. His post is likely to disappear when new technologies are introduceC. He has no say in making important decisions in the firD. He is directly under the chief financial executiv(8)The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to__________(9)Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?(10)It can be inferred from the passage that the hierarchy in American companies_______Part V Cloze (15 minutes)(1)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A．, B．, C．and D．on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Although interior design has existed since the beginning of architecture, its development into a specialized field is really quite 26 . Interior designers have become important partly because of the many functions that might be 27 in a single large building. The importance of interior design becomes 28 when we realize how much time we 29 surrounded by four walls. 30 we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be 31 attractive and comfortable as possible. We also expect 32 place to be 33 to its use. You would be 34 if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 35 the inside of a restaurant. And you wouldn't feel 36 in a business office that has the 37 of a school. It soon becomes clear that the interior designer's most important basic 38 is the function of the particular 39 . For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound-shaping qualities, and 40 few entries and exits will not work for 41 purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be decorated. 42 , for any kind of space, the designer has to make many of the same kind of 43 . He or she must 44 the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor. 45 addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served.{TS}A. latestC. recentD. ancient(2)A. consistedB. containedC. composedD. comprised(3)A. obscureB. attractiveC. C appropriateD. evident(4)A. spendB. requireC. settleD. retain(5)A. WhateverB. WhereverC. WheneverD. Whoever(6)A. soB. asC. thusD. such(7)A. someB. anyC. this(8)A. appropriateB. aptC. feasibleD. fitting(9)A. amusedB. interestedC. shockedD. frightened(10)A. likeB. forC. atD. into(11)A. correctB. properC. rightD. suitable(12)A. performanceB. personalityC. qualityD. appearance(13)A. careB. concernC. attentionD. intention(14)A. circumstanceB. environmentC. surroundingsD. space(15)A. tooB. quiteC. aD. far(16)A. theirB. itsC. thoseD. that(17)A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. FurthermoreD. Nevertheless(18)A. solutionsB. conclusionsC. decisionsD. determinations(19)A. suitB. adaptC. coordinateD. regulate(20)A. ForB. InC. AsD. WithPart ⅥTranslation (5 minute)(1)I don't mind your________(你延期做出决定) as long as it too late.(2)In such cases, the probability that women quit the job__________ (比男性辞职的可能性大三倍)(3)Picasso gained popularity in the mid-2Oth century, which was_________( 象征着对于现代艺术有了新的态度).(4)If we continue to ignore the issue of global warming, we will almost certainly___(遭受世界范围内的气候变化的极其严重后果).(5)When she came to know what the man was driving at, she__________(后悔告诉他事实真相).答案和解析Part I Writing (30mintes)(1) :【审题】本题要求写一篇议论文，属现象解释型作文。

2009年英语四级(CET-4)考试新题型预测试卷(5)-中大网校

2009年英语四级(CET-4)考试新题型预测试卷(5)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分Part I Writing (30mintes)(1)OnlineEducation______________________________________________________________________ ______________ Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Online Education. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1．当今网络教育成为潮流2．成为这种潮流的原因3．网络教育的意义和影响Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A , B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Great Australian Fence A war has been going on for almost a hundred years between the sheep farmers of Australia and the dingo, Australia's wild dog. To protect their livelihood, the farmers built a wire fence, 3,307 miles of continuous wire network, reaching from the coast of South Australia all the way to the cotton fields of eastern Queensland, just shore of the Pacific Ocean.The Fence is Australia's version of the Great Wall of China, but even longer, erected to keep out hostile invaders, in this case hordes of yellow dogs. The empire it preserves is that of the wool- growers, sovereigns of the world's second largest sheep flock, after China's -- some 123 million head - and keepers of a wool export business worth four billion dollars. Never mind that more and more people - conservationists, politicians, taxpayers and animal lovers -- say that such a barrier would never be allowed today on ecological grounds. With sections of it almost a hundred years old, the dog fence has become, as conservationist Lindsay Fairweather ruefully admits, an icon of Australian frontier ingenuity.To appreciate this unusual outback monument and to meet the people whose livelihoods depend on it, I spent part of an Australian autumn traveling the wire. It's known by different names in different states : the Dog Fence is South Australia, the Border Fence in New South Wales and the Barrier Fence in Queensland. I would call it simply the Fence.For most of its prodigious length, this epic fence winds like a river across a landscape that,unless a big rain has fallen, scarcely has rivers. The eccentric route, prescribed mostly by property lines, provides a sampler of outback topography : the Fence goes over sand dunes, past salt lakes, up and down rock-strewn hills, through dense scrub and across barren plains.The Fence stays away from towns. Where it passes near a town, it has actually become a tourist attraction visited on bus tours. It marks the traditional dividing line between cattle and sheep. In- side, where the dingoes are legally classified as vermin, they are shot, poisoned and trapped. Sheep and dingoes do not mix and the Fence sends that message mile after mile.What is this creature that by itself threatens an entire industry, inflicting several millions of dollars of damage a year despite the presence ofthe world's most obsessive fence? Cousin to the coyote and the jackal, descended from the Asian wolf, Canis lupus dingo is introduced to Australia more than 3,500 years ago probably with Asian seafarers who landed on the north coast. The adaptable dingo spread rapidly and in a short time became the top pre(2)On what point do the conservationists and politicians agree?.A. Wool exports are vial to the economB. The number of dogs needs to be reduceC. The fence poses a threat to the environmenD. The fence acts as a useful frontier between state(3)The author visited Australia__________A. to study Australian farming methodsB. to investigate how the fence was constructedC. because he was interested in life around the fenceD. because he wanted to learn more about the wool industry(4)How does the author feel about the fence?A. ImpresseB. DelighteC. ShockeD. Annoye(5)From the sixth paragraph we know that_______A. dingoes are known to attack humansB. the fence serves a different purpose in each stateC. the dingo is indigenous to AustraliaD. the fence is only partially successful(6)The authorities first acknowledge the dingo problem in the year of__________A. 1788B. 1830C. 1845D. 1960(7)How do the park officials feel about the fence?A. AngrB. ProuC. PleaseD. PhilosophicaPart II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A , B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Great Australian Fence A war has been going on for almost a hundred years between the sheep farmers of Australia and the dingo, Australia's wild dog. To protect their livelihood, the farmers built a wire fence, 3,307 miles of continuous wire network, reaching from the coast of South Australia all the way to the cotton fields of eastern Queensland, just shore of the Pacific Ocean.The Fence is Australia's version of the Great Wall of China, but even longer, erected to keep out hostile invaders, in this case hordes of yellow dogs. The empire it preserves is that of the wool- growers, sovereigns of the world's second largest sheep flock, after China's -- some 123 million head - and keepers of a wool export business worth four billion dollars. Never mind that more and more people - conservationists, politicians, taxpayers and animal lovers -- say that such a barrier would never be allowed today on ecological grounds. With sections of it almost a hundred years old, the dog fence has become, as conservationist Lindsay Fairweather ruefully admits, an icon of Australian frontier ingenuity.To appreciate this unusual outback monument and to meet the people whose livelihoods depend on it, I spent part of an Australian autumn traveling the wire. It's known by different names in different states : the Dog Fence is South Australia, the Border Fence in New South Wales and the Barrier Fence in Queensland. I would call it simply the Fence.For most of its prodigious length, this epic fence winds like a river across a landscape that,unless a big rain has fallen, scarcely has rivers. The eccentric route, prescribed mostly by property lines, provides a sampler of outback topography : the Fence goes over sand dunes, past salt lakes, up and down rock-strewn hills, through dense scrub and across barren plains.The Fence stays away from towns. Where it passes near a town, it has actually become a tourist attraction visited on bus tours. It marks the traditional dividing line between cattle and sheep. In- side, where the dingoes are legally classified as vermin, they are shot, poisoned and trapped. Sheep and dingoes do not mix and the Fence sends that message mile after mile.What is this creature that by itself threatens an entire industry, inflicting several millions of dollars of damage a year despite the presence of the world's most obsessive fence? Cousin to the coyote and the jackal, descended from the Asian wolf, Canis lupus dingo is introduced to Australia more than 3,500 years ago probably with Asian seafarers who landed on the north coast. The adaptable dingo spread rapidly and in a short time became the top pre(2)Woolgrowers and dingoes have usually defined the Fence only in____________(3)Kangaroos have increased in number because of_________Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank .following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.If an animal is moved from its home in the tropics to a cold climate, it will die if it is not kept warm. And animals1to cold climates will die if they are moved to the tropics. Many plants, too, will die if they are removed from the place where they normally grow and are transplanted into an2soil. Almost every species is adapted to life in a particular place by its organs and their functions and by permanent habits. The specialized adaptation has great advantages, for it3many organ- isms to survive under different conditions. It also has disadvantages, for it means that the life of most species is controlled by 4conditions.Living things are not scattered over the earth5; most species have definite habits for living places. Ecology is the study of how organisms live in their environment. This means finding out how an organism6and reproduces in certain surroundings. By environment we mean not only the soil and the climate but the living things of the same species and other species, plant or animal. Most living things are,7to their environment. Some can alter certain features of their environment to8themselves; a beaver, for example, can make ponds by building dams; many birds and insects can build9 nests to provide shelter for their young. But these skills are restricted and highly specialized. Most organisms must adapt their bodies to fitting in with their surroundings, and since they can adapt only for particular surroundings, they are found only in places where they can live10 with the least effort.(2)will die if they are removed from the place where they normally grow and are transplanted into an2soil.(3)for it3many organ- isms to survive under different conditions.(4)for it means that the life of most species is controlled by4conditions.(5)Living things are not scattered over the earth5;(6)This means finding out how an organism6and reproduces in certainsurroundings.(7)Most living things are,7to their environment.(8)Some can alter certain features of their environment to8themselves;(9)many birds and insects can build9nests to provide shelter for their young.(10)they are found only in places where they can live10with the least effort.Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Directions : There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions {TSE}are based on the following passage.For years there have been endless articles stating that scientists are on the verge of achieving artificial intelligence, that it is just around the comer. The truth is that it may be just around the comer, but they haven't yet found the right clock. Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that can think. One immediate problem is to de- fine thought, which is harder than you might think. The specialists in the field of artificial intelligence complain, with some justification, that anything that their machines do is dismissed as not being thought. For example, computers can now play very, very good chess. They can't beat the greatest players in the world, but they can beat just about anybody else. If a human being played chess at this level, he or she would certainly be considered smart. Why not a machine The answer is that the machine doesn't do anything clever in playing chess. It uses its blinding speed to do a brute-force (残忍的) search of all possible moves for several moves ahead, evaluates the out- comes and picks the best. Humans don't play chess that way. They see patterns, which computers don't.This wooden approach to thought characterizes machine intelligence. Computers have no judgment, no flexibility, no common sense. So-called expert systems, one of the hottest areas in artificial intelligence, aim to mimic the reasoning processes of human experts in a limited field, such as medical diagnosis or weather forecasting．There may be limited commercial applications for this sort of thing, but there is no way to make a machine think about anything under the sun, which a teenager can do. The hallmark (特征) of artificial intelligence to date is that if a problem is severely restricted, a machine can achieve limited success. But when the problem is expanded to a realistic one, computers fall flat on their display screens. For example, machines can understand a few words spoken individually by a speaker that they have been trained to hear. They cannot understand continuous speech using an unlimited vocabulary spoken by just any speaker.{TS}From the passage we know that the author__________A. thinks that scientists are about to achieve artificial intelligenceB. doubts whether scientists can ever achieve artificial intelligenceC. does not think that scientists have found real artificial intelligenceD. is sure that scientists have achieved artificial intelligenc(2)We learn from the second paragraph that ________A. the writer thinks that the specialists complains have some reasonsB. anything that the computer does can be regarded as thoughtC. it is not very difficult to define thoughtD. computers play chess in exactly the same way as humans(3)The advantage of the computer in playing chess lies in its___________A. cleverness i thinking out original movesB. ability to pick up the best out of all possible moves very quicklyC. flexibility in choosing several different movesD. ability to see patterns(4)The characteristic of machine intelligence is its_________A. correct judgmentB. high flexibilityC. ability to think about anythingD. rigid approach to thought(5)Which of the following statements about computers is true according to the passage?A. Computers can beat any chess player in the worlB. Computers can never be used to forecast weatheC. Computers can be trained to understand some words spoken by a speakeD. Computers can be made to think as a teenager doe(6)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C. and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.Drunken driving -- sometimes called America's socially accepted form of murder -- has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an incredible 250,000 over the past decade.A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0. 10 blood alcohol content or roughly three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American man image and judges weretolerant in most courts, but the drunken slaughter (屠杀) has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially involving young children, that public opinion is no longer so tolerant.Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, reversing a trend in the 1960s to reduce it to 18. After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18 to 20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21.Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless accompanied by educational programs to help young people to develop "responsible attitudes" about drinking and teach them to resist pressure to drink.New laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a marked de- dine in fatalities. Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks. A tavern (小酒店) in Massachusetts was fined for serving six or more double brandies to a customer who was "obviously intoxicated (喝醉的)" and later drove off the road, killing a nine-year-old boy. As the fatalities continue to occur daily in every state, some Americans are even beginning to speak well of the 13 years of national prohibition of alcohol that began in 1919, what President Hoover called the "noble experiment". They forget that legal prohibition didn't stop drinking, but encouraged political corruption and organized crime. As with the booming drug trade generally, there is no easy solution.{TS}Drunken driving has become a popular problem in America because___________A. accidents attract so much publicityB. most Americans are heavy drinkersC. drinking is a socially-accepted habit in AmericaD. Americans are now less shocked by road accidents(7)Public opinion regarding drunken driving has changed in that___________A. detailed statistics are now availableB. judges are giving more severe sentencesC. drivers are more conscious of their imageD. the news media have highlighted the problem(8)Statistics issued in New Jersey suggested that_________A. many drivers were not of legal ageB. young drivers were often bad driversC. the legal drinking age should be raisedD. the level of drinking increased in the 1960s(9)Laws recently introduced in some states have_________A. resulted in fewer serious accidentsB. reduced the number of convictionsC. specified the amount drivers can drinkD. prevented bars from serving drunken customers(10)The problem of drunken driving is difficult to solve because___________A. alcohol is easily obtainedB. legislation alone is not sufficientC. legal prohibiting has already failedD. drinking is linked to organized crimePart V Cloze (15 minutes)(1)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.The United States is well-known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time.1these wide modern roads are generally2and well maintained, with3sharp curves and many straight4, a direct route is not always the most5one. Large highways often pass6scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore, these highways generally7large urban centres which means that they become crowded with8traffic during rush hours,9 the "fast, direct"way becomes a very slow route.However, there is10 always another route to take11you are not in a hurry. Not far from the 12new "super highways”, there are often older,13 heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside.14of these are good two-lane roads; others are uneven roads15through the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes, along high16, or down frightening hillsides to towns17in deep valleys. Through. these less direct routes,longer and slower, they generally go to places18 the air is clean and the scenery is beautiful, and the driver may have a19to get a fresh, clean20of the world.{TS}A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. SinceD. Therefore(2)A. stableB. splendidC. smoothD. complicated(3)A. littleB. fewC. muchD. many(4)A. selectionsB. separationsC. seriesD. sections(5)A. terribleB. possibleC. enjoyableD. profitable(6)A. toB. intoC. overD. by(7)A. leadB. connectC. collectD. communicate(8)A. largeB. fastC. lightD. heavy(9)A. whenB. forC. butD. that(10)A. yetB. stillC. almostD. quite(11)A. unlessB. ifC. asD. since(12)A. relativelyB. regularlyC. respectivelyD. reasonably(13)A. andB. lessC. moreD. or(14)A. AllB. SeveralC. LotsD. Some(15)A. drivingB. crossingC. curvingD. traveling(16)A. rocksB. cliffsC. roadsD. paths(17)A. lyingB. layingC. laidD. lied(18)A. thereB. whenC. whichD. where(19)A. spaceB. periodC. chanceD. spot(20)A. viewB. varietyC. visitD. virtuePart ⅥTranslation (5 minute)(1)_________(Tony是否来无关紧要), for we can rely on ourselves.(2)Americans eat____________(两倍多的蛋白质) they actually need every day.(3)Frankly speaking, I'd rather you_____________(眼下什么也不敢).(4)The neighbors have trouble__________(分辨出汤姆和他的孪生兄弟).(5)All the flights having been canceled because of the snowstorm, many passengers_________(除了乘火车外什么都不能做)答案和解析Part I Writing (30mintes)(1) :【审题】本题要求写一篇议论文，属现象解释型。

2009年6月英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案（二）

2009年6月英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案（二）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to the editor of a column discussing how to help laid-off workers. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:1. 很多下岗工人很难找到新的工作;2. 如何帮助他们;3. 你的认识。

Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.WorkWhether work should be placed among the causes of happiness or among the causes of unhappiness may perhaps be regarded as a doubtful question. There is certainly much work which is exceedingly annoying, and an excess of work is always very painful. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessivein amount, even the dullest work is to most people less painful than idleness. There are in work all grades, from mere relief of boring to the profoundest delights, according to the nature of the work and the abilities of the worker. Most of the work that most people have to do is not in itself interesting, but even such work has certain great advantages. To begin with, it fills a good many hours of the day without the need of deciding what one shall do. Most people, when they are left free to fill their own time according to their own choice, are at a loss to think of anything sufficiently pleasant to be worth doing. And whatever they decide on, they are troubled by the feeling that something else would have been pleasanter. To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. Most of the idle rich suffer unspeakable boredom as the price of their freedom from drudgery(劳役;苦工). At times they may find relief by hunting big game in Africa, or by flying round the world, but the number of such sensations is limited, especially after youth is past.Work therefore is desirable, first and foremost, as a preventive of boredom, for the boredom that a man feels when he is doing necessary though uninteresting work is as nothing in comparison with the boredom that he feels when he has nothing to do with his days. With this advantage of work another is associated, namely that it makes holidays much more delicious when they come. Provided a man does not have to work so hard as to impair his vigor, he is likely to find far more zest in his free time than an idle man could possibly find.The second advantage of most paid work and of some unpaid work is that it gives chances of success and opportunities for ambition. In most work success is measured by income andwhile the market economy society continues, this is inevitable. It is only where the best work is concerned that this measure ceases to be the natural one to apply. The desire that men feel to increase their income is quite as much a desire for success as for the extra comforts that a higher income can procure. However dull work may be, it becomes bearable if it is a means of building up a reputation, whether in the world at large or only in one’s own circle. Continuity of purpose is one of the most essential ingredients of happiness in the long run, and for most men this comes chiefly through their work. In this respect those women whose lives are occupied with housework are much less fortunate than men, or than women who work outside the home.Two chief elements make work interesting: first, the exercise of skill, and second, construction.Every man who has acquired some unusual skill enjoys exercising it until it has become a matter of course. This motive to activity begins in early childhood: a boy who can stand on his head becomes reluctant to stand on his feet. A great deal of work gives the same pleasure that is to be derived from games of skill.There is, however, another element possessed by the best work, which is even more important as a source of happiness than is the exercise of skill. This is the element of constructiveness. In some work, though by no means in most, something is built up which remains as a monument when the work is completed. We may distinguish construction from destruction by the following criterion(标准). In construction the initial state of affairs is comparatively haphazard(偶然的), while the final state of affairs embodies a purpose. In destruction the reverse is the case; the initial state of affairs embodies a purpose, while the final state of affairs is haphazard, that is to say, all that is intended by thedestroyer is to produce a state of affairs which does not embody a certain purpose. This criterion applies in the most literal and obvious case, namely the construction and destruction of buildings. In constructing a building a previously made plan is carried out, whereas in destroying it no one decides exactly how the materials are to lie when the ruin is completed. This applies to not a few revolutionaries and militarists and other apostles(信徒) of violence. They are actuated, usually without their own knowledge, by hatred: the destruction of what they hate is their real purpose, and they are comparatively indifferent to the question what is to come after it. Now I cannot deny that in the work of destruction as in the work of construction there may be joy. It is a fiercer joy, perhaps at moments more intense, but it is less profoundly satisfying, since the result is one in which little satisfaction is to be found. You kill your enemy, and when he is dead your occupation is gone, and the satisfaction that you derive from victory quickly fades. The work of construction, on the other hand, when completed, is delightful to recall, and moreover is never so fully completed that there is nothing further to do about it. The most satisfactory purposes are those that lead on indefinitely from one success to another without ever coming to a dead end; and in this respect it will be found that construction is a greater source of happiness than destruction.1. The majority of people would have no idea about what is well worth doing when they are free from work.2. Many people today have reached the level of civilization to fill their leisure intelligently.3. While most idle rich enjoy their freedom from heavy work they are often subjected to an indescribable boring life.4. If a man does not have to overwork to exhaust he mayhave more passion for his leisure time than an idle man could possibly have.5. The women who are confined to home with homemaking enjoy a greater source of happiness than men.6. Many people can get the same pleasure from a lot of work as from games of skill when they are young of skill.7. In the best work,the exercise of skill is the most important as a source of happiness.8. In construction the final state of affairs .9. In constructing a building, one carries out .10. The work of destruction is less profoundly satisfying because you can in the resultPart Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) He expects to hear from his brother.B) He expects a gift from his brother.C) The woman is wrong about when the man’s birthday is.D) His brother is going to visit him.12. A) They don’t enjoy swimming.B) They won’t go swimming in the lake today.C) They don’t know how to swim.D) They’ll swim in the lake tomorrow.13. A) The style of sweater she’s wearing is very common.B) The man saw Jill wearing the sweater.C) She wore the sweater for the first time yesterday.D) She usually doesn’t borrow clothes from Jill.14. A) She’s planning a trip to Antarctica.B) She thinks attending the lecture will be helpful to her.C) Her geography class is required to attend the lecture.D) She has already finished writing her report.15. A) The woman should join the chess club.B) He’s not a very good chess player.C) The woman needs a lot of time to play chess.D) He’s willing to teach the woman how to play chess.16. A) Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel.B) Return the novel to Alice immediately.C) Help the man find his own copy of the novel.D) Find out how much the novel costs.17. A) He has already tasted the chocolate pudding.B) Chocolate is his favorite flavor.C) He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding.D) There is no more chocolate pudding left.18. A) He arrived at the theater late.B) He left his watch in the theater.C) The production seemed much shorter than it actually was.D) He did not enjoy the production.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She wants to learn about Richard Sears.B) She is helping the man with his assignment.C) She needs to buy a filing cabinet.D) She wants to order some textbooks.20. A) Teachers. B) Farmers. C) Students. D) Laborers.21. A) As textbooks. B) As fuel. C) As newspapers. D) As art.22. A) Taxes on factory goods rose.B) Some people lost their farms.C) Shipping prices rose.D) Some small stores were out of business.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) The economy is slowing down.B) She may not be able to finish the college.C) She may not find a job after college.D) The tax is going to be raised.24. A) It is on the verge of bankruptcy.B) It is improving steadily.C) It has experienced a rapid increase in sales.D) It is going down hill fast.25. A) She will join the man’s company.B) She will start her own business.C) She will stay in her parents’house.D) She will try to find a job.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They didn’t use singers.B) They gave free concerts.C) They performed in small nightclubs.D) They shortened the length of their performances.27. A) To discuss one way it impacted jazz music.B) To explain why the government reduced some taxes.C) To describe a common theme in jazz music.D) To discuss the popularity of certain jazz bands.28. A) The music contained strong political messages.B) The music had a steady beat that people could dance to.C) The music included sad melodies.D) The music contained irregular types of rhythms.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) A museum exhibition of African baskets.B) Changes in basket-weaving.C) Differences between African and American baskets.D) The development of basket weaving in one town.30. A) Their mothers taught them.B) They traveled to Africa.C) They learned in school.D) They taught themselves.31. A) They sell them as a hobby.B) They make them as a hobby.C) They use them on their farms.D) They make and sell them to make a living.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Factors that affect the ability to remember.B) The influence of childhood memories on adulthood.C) A proposal for future psychological research.D) Benefits of a busy lifestyle.33. A) The need to exercise the memory.B) How the brain differs from other body tissues.C) The unconscious learning of a physical activity.D) How nerves control body movement.34. A) Repeat it aloud. B) Write it down.C) Make a mental picture of it. D) Practice recalling it.35. A) Ask questions about the assigned reading.B) Give an example of active learning.C) Explain recent research on recalling childhood memories.D) Make an assignment for the next class session.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or wirte down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Graduate students often work as teaching assistants while they study in the United States. Teaching assistants (T.A.) may get money or get to take classes for (36) , or both. A T.A. usually works about twenty hours each week. In some cases, the professors they assist have big (37) classes with hundreds of students. Theprofessor gives one or two (38) a week, and teaching assistants (39) smaller discussions at other times. They also give tests, (40) work, provide laboratory assistance and meet with students who need help. And they have their own educations to think about.Many states have (41) to require that teaching assistants be able to speak English well enough for students to understand them. Universities have increased their (42) to deal with this problem. Our example school this week is the University of Southern California (USC), in Los Angeles.The American Language Institute at USC provides (43) to help international teaching assistants improve their English. (44) .The exam at USC is a fifteen-minute spoken test that involves two examiners. Students talk about their education and interest in the school. (45) .Those who do not score high enough on the test have to take classes to improve their English. (46) .Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.The free enterprise had produced a technology 47 of providing the American consumer with the largest and most varied marketplace in the world. Technological advances,however, have come hand-in-hand with impersonal mass marketing of goods and services. Along with 48 too, have come some instances of manipulative(操纵性的;操作) advertising practices and a great increase to products whose reliability, safety and quality are difficult to 49 .Today’s consumers buy, enjoy, use and throw away more types of goods than could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. Yes, too often consumers have no idea of the materials that have gone into the manufacturer’s finished product or their own 50 in selecting one product over another.Easy credit and forceful techniques of modern marketing persuade many consumers to buy what they cannot 51 . The consequent 52 of family budgets is a problem for consumers at all economic levels. It is not unusual for families to set aside 20 percent or more of their income to debt repayments without understanding the effect this allocation has upon other choices. Some families have such tight budgets that an illness, a period of unemployment, or some other crisis finds them without 53 reserves(储备;储蓄).In addition to the growing complexity of the market, consumers are sometimes faced with unfair and 54 practices. Although there are laws 55 to protect the consumers, there are not a sufficient number of laws enforced to cover all the abuses of the marketplace.An adult in today’s society should be knowledgeable in the use of credit. He should understand what is involved in purchasing a house, and the many pitfalls to be avoided when 56 into financial agreements. He should know enough about advertising and selling techniques to enable him to tell the honest from the deceptive. He should be knowledgeable aboutconsumer protection laws so that he can demand his rights. When he needs help, he should know the private and public sources to which he can turn for assistance.A) virtuallyB) deceptiveC) supervisorsD) enteringE) evaluateF) capableG) efficientlyH) progress I) designedJ) likelyK) affordL) adequateM) overburdeningN) amazingO) motivationSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Romantic love is a culture trait found primarily in industrialized societies. Elsewhere in the world, pragmatic considerations rather than flights of fancy are often used to make a choice of partner, and romantic love is seen as an unfortunate inconvenience that gets in the way of the ordinary, rationalprocess of mate selection. Traces of this attitude persist in the American upper classes, where daughters are expected to marry “well”—that is, to a male who is eligible by reason of family background and earning potential. Most Americans, however, see romantic love as essential for a successful marriage, and tend to look askance(轻蔑地)at anyone who marries for a more practical reason in which love plays no part.The phenomenon of romantic love occurs when two young people meet and find one another personally and physically attractive. They become mutually absorbed, start to behave in what appears to be a flighty(充满幻想的), even irrational manner, decide that they are right for one another, and may then enter a marriage whose success is expected to be guaranteed by their enduring love. Behavior of this kind is portrayed and warmly endorsed(赞同)throughout American popular culture, by books, magazines, comics, records, popular songs, movies, and TV.Romantic love is a noble ideal, and it can certainly provide a basis for the spouses to live happily ever after. But a marriage can equally well be founded on much more practical considerations—as indeed they have been in most societies throughout most of history. Why is romantic love of such importance in the modern world? The reason seems to be that it has some basic functions in maintaining the institution of the nuclear family(小家庭).57. Romantic love is less frequently found in many non-industrial societies because people in these societies .A) firmly believe that only money can make the world go roundB) fail to bring the imaginative power of the mind into full playC) fondly think that flights of fancy prevent them from making a correct choice of partnerD) have far more practical considerations to determine who will marry whom58. The word eligible (Line 5, Para. l) could best be replaced by .A) qualified B) available C) chosen D) influential59. According to the passage, most Americans .A) expect their daughters to fall in love with a male at first sightB) regard romantic love as the basis for a successful marriageC) look up to those who marry for the sake of wealthD) consider romantic love to be the most desirable thing in the world60. What can we learn from the second paragraph about romantic love?A) It is a common occurrence among the old.B) It is primarily depicted by books.C) It is characterized by mutual attraction.D) It is rejected as flighty and irrational.61. According to the passage, the author believes that .A) romantic love makes people unable to think clearly in the process of mate selectionB) only romantic love can make a marriage happy ever afterC) much more practical considerations can also be the basis for a successful marriageD) romantic love plays an insignificant role in maintaining the institution of the nuclear familyPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France, then adopted by historians of culture, by art historians, and eventually by music historians, all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450—1600. The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of this period wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. T o these scholars this meant a return to human. Fulfillment in life became a desirable goal, and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasure of the senses were no longer frowned on. Artists and writers now turned to religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed and experienced. They could see the architectural monuments, sculptures, plays, and poems that were being rediscovered, but they could not actually hear ancient music—although they could read the writings of classical philosophers, poets, essayists, and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example, the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors, painters, architects, and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art andliterature.The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore, music changed so rapidly during this century and a half—though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.62. The word “eventually” in line 3 means that .A) music historians used the term “Renaissance”after other historians didB) most music historians used the term “Renaissance”C) the term “Renaissance”became widely used by art historians but not by music historiansD) music historians used the term “Renaissance”very differently from other historians63. The phrase “frowned on” in Line 9 is closest in meaning to .A) given up B) forgotten about C) argued about D) disapproved of64. It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of .A) communication among artists across EuropeB) spirituality in everyday lifeC) a cultural emphasis on human valuesD) religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes65. According to the passage, why was Bernardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?A) It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians.B) It had little emotional impact on audiences.C) It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.D) It did not contain enough religious themes.66. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a reason for the absence of a single Renaissance musical style?A) The musical Renaissance was defined by technique rather than style.B) The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical style.C) Renaissance musicians adopted the styles of both Greek and Roman musicians.D) During the Renaissance, music never remained the same for very long.Part ⅤCloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Most people who work in London get a break of about an hour for lunch. 67 they mostly live too far to go back home 68 lunch, they are obliged to 69 other arrangements for their midday meal. Many large firms have a canteen for their employees.In 70 canteens the food served is plain but 71 , and although there is some 72 of choice, the number of dishes 73 usually small. The employees themselves fetch their dishes 74 a counter at which they are 75 . There they can find a tray on 76 to carry their knives, forks, spoons, plates, cups, saucers, 77 , of course, their food. A meal in a canteen is inexpensive and may 78 of soup, fish and chips or meat and two vegetables, 79 fruit or a pudding ofsome 80 as dessert. Some firms that do not run a canteen 81 their staff with luncheon-vouchers(午餐券), which many restaurants will accept in 82 of money. As there are so many people 83 work in London, there are numerous cafés and restaurants in every area that is not purely residential. A meal 84 cost anything from a modest sum to quite a few pounds, 85 on the restaurant and the food chosen. 86 , one can generally get a meal, or at least a snack, in a pub(酒吧). In recent years there has also been a big increase in the number of “take-away” food shops of all kinds.67. A) While B) AsC) Although D) Unless68. A) in B) atC) for D) before69. A) make B) bringC) take D) use70. A) such B) sameC) few D) other71. A) limited B) excessiveC) full D) adequate72. A) difference B) varietyC) change D) exchange73. A) are B) beingC) is D) been74. A) from B) alongC) with D) to75. A) kept B) servedC) made D) waited76. A) it B) themC) which D) those77. A) and B) butC) or D) except78. A) compose B) compriseC) consist D) count79. A) with B) aboutC) of D) by80. A) category B) sortC) pattern D) name81. A) afford B) investC) prepare D) provide82. A) request B) placeC) case D) face83. A) in B) onC) at D) over84. A) must B) needC) should D) may85. A) depending B) takingC) relying D) holding86. A) Moreover B) HoweverC) Still D) LikewisePart Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentence on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. (虽然他们有很多共同之处)，but they never became true friends.88. The talk (促进了双方的彼此了解) .89. The applicants for the positions (年龄在18岁到22岁不等) are mostly interested in the training opportunities promised in the want ads.90. We will make the deal (严格依据合同条款).91. Sometimes (承受剧痛的病人) can be helped by “drugs”。

2009年6月英语六级真题及答案解析

2009年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. you should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow.1. 有人说名字或名称很重要2. 也有人觉得名字或名称无关紧要3. 我认为...On the Importance of a NamePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Helicopter Moms vs. Free-Range KidsWould you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult? Probably not. Still, when Lenore Skenazy, a columnist for the New York Sun, wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to "Long story short :my son got home from a department store on the Upper East Side, she didn’t expect to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers.“Long story short: My son got home, overjoyed with independence,” Skenazy wrote on April 4 in the New York Sun. “Long story longer: Half the people I’ve told this episode to now want to turn on in for child abuse. As if keeping kids under lock and key and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids. It’s not. It’s debilitating (使虚弱)—for us and for them.”Online message board s were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Skenazy’s decision to let her son go it alone. She wound up defending herself on CNN (accompanied by her son) and on popular blogs like the buffing ton post, where her follow-up piece was ironically headlined “More From America’s Worst Mom.”The episode has ignited another one of those debates that divides parents into vocal opposing camps. Are Modern parents needlessly overprotective, or is the world a more complicated and dangerous place than it was when previous generations were allowed to wander about unsupervised?From the “she’s an irresponsible mother” camp came: “Shame on you for being so careless about his safety,” in Comments on the buffing ton post. And there was this from a mother of four: “How would you have felt if he didn’t come home?” But Skenazy got a lot of support, too, with women and men writing in with stories about how they were allowed to take trips all by them selves at seven or eight. She also got heaps of praise for bucking the “helicopter parent” trend: “Good for this Mom,” one commenter wrote on the buffing ton post. “This is a much-needed reality check.”Last week, encouraged by all the attention, Skenazy started her own blog—Free Range, kids—promoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had. In the good old days nine-year-old baby boomers rode their bikes to school, walked to the store, took buses—and even subways—all by themselves. Her blog, she says, is dedicated to sensible parenting. “At Free Range Kids, we believe in safe kids. We believe in car seats and safety belts. We do NOT believe that every time school-age children go outside, they need a security guard.”So why are some parents so nervous about letting their children out of their sight? Are cities and towns less safe and kids more vulnerable to crimes like child kidnap and sexual abuse than they were in previous generations?Not exactly. New York City, for instance, is safer than it’s ever been; it’s ranked 36th in crime among all American cities. Nationwide, stringer kidnaps are extremely rare; there’s a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someone the child knows. Mortality rates from all causes, including disease and accidents, for American children are lower now than they were 25 years’ ago. According to Child Trends, a nonprofit researc h group, between 1980 and 2003 death rates dropped by 44 percent for children aged 5 to 14 and 32 percent for teens aged 15 to 19.Then there’s the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations. Yes, some are. Part of the problem is that with wall to wall Internet and cable news, every missing child case gets so much airtime that it’s not surprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. And many middle-class parents have gotten used to managing their children’s time and shuttling them to various enriching activities, so the idea of letting them out on their own can seem like a risk. Back in 1972, when many of today’s parents were kids, 87 percent of children who lived within a mile of school walked or biked every day. But today, the Centers for Disease Control report that only 13 percent of children bike, walk or otherwise t themselves to school.The extra supervision is both a city and a suburb phenomenon. Parents are worried about crime, and they are worried about kids getting caught in traffic in a city that’s not used to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are still plenty of kids whose parents give them a lot of independence, by choice or by necessity. The After School Alliance finds that more than 14 million kids aged 5 to 17 are responsible for taking care of themselves after school. Only 6.5 million kids participate in organized programs. “Many children who have working parents have to take the subway or bus to get to school. Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to the schools,”says Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center.For those parents who wonder how and when they should start allowing their kids more freedom, there’s no clear-cut answer. Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to parenting. What’s right for Skenazy’s nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one. It all depends on developmental issue, maturity, and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. Several factors must be taken into account, says Gallagher. “The ability to follow parent guidelines, the child’s level of comfort in handling such situations, and a child’s general judgment sh ould be weighed.”Gallagher agrees with Skenazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone. “At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they are concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes.”But even with more traffic and fewer sidewalks, modern parents do have one advantage their parents didn’t: the cell phone. Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their control a little sooner. Skenazy got a lot of criticism be cause she didn’t give her kid her cell phone because she thought he’d lose it and wanted him to learn to go it alone without depending on mom—a major principle of free-range parenting. But most parents are more than happy to use cell phones to keep track of their kids.And for those who like the idea of free-range kids but still struggle with their inner helicopter parent, there may be a middle way. A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a child’s eve ry movement via the Internet—without seeming to interfere or hover. Of course, when they go to college, they might start objecting to being monitored as they’re on parole (假释).注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(3)-中大网校

2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(3)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分Part I Writing (30mintes)(1)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Letter of Application for a Student Loan. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:假设你是高鹏，是英语系的一名新生。

请你就申请助学贷款一事给学校有关部门写封申请信。

申请信的内容须包括以下几点：1．提出申请2．申请的理由3．恳请批准A Letter of Application for a Student Loan__________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Direction: In this part, you will have 15 minutes w go over the passage quickly and anger the questions on Anger Sheet 1. For question {TSE}, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C, D. In or out?British further education colleges did not traditionally have any concerns about student dropout, because the origins of the sector were in vocational apprenticeship training for employers where the apprentices could not &op out without endangering their job. In the 70s, this sector began to expand into more general education courses, which were seen both as an alternative to school for 16 to 18-year-old and a second chance for adults. The philosophy was mainly liberalwith students regarded as adults who should not be heavily monitored, but rather free to make their own decisions; it was not unction to hear academic staff argue ?that attendance at classes was ?purely voluntary.In the 80s, with an increased consciousness of equal opportunities, the focus of the further education colleges moved to widening participation, encouraging into colleges students from previously under-represented groups, particularly from ethnic minorities. This, in turn, led to a curriculum which was more representative of the new student body. For example,there were initiatiatives to ensure the incorporation of literate by black writers into A level literature courses history ?syllabuses were altered to move beyond a purely Euro centric view of the world; and geography syllabuses began to look at the politics of maps. A turning point came in 1991 with the publication of a report on completion rates by the government inspection body for education, Her Majesty's Inspectorate for England and Wales, (HMI 1991 ). However, this report was based on academic staff explanations of why students had left. It suggested that the vast majority .left either for personal reasons or because they had found employment and that only 10% left for reasons that could in any way be attributed to the college.Meanwhile, Britain had been going through the Thatcher's revolution and, in parallel to the Reagan politics of the US, a key principlewas the need to reduce taxation drastically. At this point (and to a large extent still ), further and higher education colleges were almost entirely funded from the public purse. There had been many cuts in this funding through the 80s, but no one had really looked at value for money. However, in the early .90s, the Audit Commission with Office of Standards in Education (OFSTED) (the new version of HMI) turned the spotlight onto further education and published a seminal report, Unfinished Business (Audit Commission and OFSTED 1993), which showed that drop-out was happening on a significant scale and, crucially, given the politics of the time,attributed a cost to the state of ￡500 million, arguing that this was a waste of public ( i.e.taxpayers) money.To quote Yorke (199(2)The new series of principles developed in 1994 by the FEFC ______________A. was quasi-independentB. gave money to each studentC. was aimed at improving teacher retention rateD. meant colleges had to turn their immediate attention to improving student retention rates(3)Why were attempts to reduce the student drop-out rate hindered?A. Because colleges had no patternB. Because computers in colleges were sloC. Because colleges did not know what to dD. Because there was a lack of research data on which to base strategie(4)Further hindrances in reducing the student dropout rate were______________A. colleges' slowness in computerizing data and not knowing their retention rates, nor what patterns of retention existedB. colleges not knowing their retention rates or where the patterns wereC. computer glitches and strikes, which occurred at most collegesD. college inertia and administrative incompetence(5)Colleges______________strategies to deal with the problem of low retention.A. jumpedB. varied enormouslyC. based on something other than dataD. brought administrative and academic staff together(6)The main strategies to improve retention included______________A. best-fit supporting activitiesB. activities to support and transform the studentC. the raising of college expectationsD. a summary by Martinez(7)An influential report showing that non-completion rates are significantly high is published in______________A. 1991B. 1993C. 1994D. 1995Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Direction: In this part, you will have 15 minutes w go over the passage quickly and anger the questions on Anger Sheet 1. For questions {TSE}, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.In or out?British further education colleges did not traditionally have any concerns about student dropout, because the origins of the sector were in vocational apprenticeship training for employers where the apprentices could not &op out without endangering their job. In the 70s, this sector began to expand into more general education courses, which were seen both as an alternative to school for 16 to 18-year-old and a second chance for adults. The philosophy was mainly liberalwith students regarded as adults who should not be heavily monitored, but rather free to make their own decisions; it was not unction to hear academic staff argue ?that attendance at classes was ?purely voluntary.In the 80s, with an increased consciousness of equal opportunities, the focus of the further education colleges moved to widening participation, encouraging into colleges students from previously under-represented groups, particularly from ethnic minorities. This, in turn, led to a curriculum which was more representative of the new student body. For example,there were initiatiatives to ensure the incorporation of literate by black writers into A level literature courses history ?syllabuses were altered to move beyond a purely Euro centric view of the world; and geography syllabuses began to look at the politics of maps. A turning point came in 1991 with the publication of a report on completion rates by the government inspection body for education, Her Majesty's Inspectorate for England and Wales, (HMI 1991 ). However, this report was based on academic staff explanations of why students had left. It suggested that the vast majority .left either for personal reasons or because they had found employment and that only 10% left for reasons that could in any way be attributed to the college.Meanwhile, Britain had been going through the Thatcher's revolution and, in parallel to the Reagan politics of the US, a key principle was the need to reduce taxation drastically. At this point (and to a large extent still ), further and higher education colleges were almost entirely funded from the public purse. There had been many cuts in this funding through the 80s, but no one had really looked at value for money. However, in the early .90s, the Audit Commission with Office of Standards in Education (OFSTED) (the new version of HMI) turned the spotlight onto further education and published a seminal report, Unfinished Business (Audit Commission and OFSTED 1993), which showed that drop-out was happening on a significant scale and, crucially, given the politics of the time,attributed a cost to the state of ￡500 million, arguing that this was a waste of public ( i.e.taxpayers) money.To quote Yor(2)The HMI's ?report focused on completion rates, based on?______________of reasons for students' departure from college.(3)In the early 1990s, the political situation, both in Britain' and the US,demanded a drastic______________Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions {TSE}are based on the following passage. A normal conversation between strangers involves more than talk. It also involves the dynamics of space interaction. If one person gets too close, the other person will back up. If the first person 1 the other's space again, the other will back up again. The person who finds himself or herself backing up is trying to increase the distance of the 2 zone. The person closing in is trying to decrease the distance. Most likely 3 the one nor the other is fully aware of what is going on.In the 1960s, American anthropologist Edward T. Hall was a pioneer in study of human 4 use of space. His field of study became known as proxemics (空间关系学). Hall said that personal space for Americans can be defined as having four 5 zones: the 6 zone within 18 inches of your body for whispering and embracing; personal zone of 18 inches to four feet, for talking with close friends; social zone of four to 10 feet, for talking with 7 ; and the social zone of 10 to 25 feet, for talking to strangers or to a group.Historians say that our 8 of personal space began with the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. In cities such as London and New York, people of different social and economic classes were suddenly crammed together, so they 9 developed a commonly-understood rule of polite behavior and space to restrict the area around them.People exhibit nonverbal messages of 10 when their zones are violated. Invaded people might pull at their hair, become rigid, or even become angry. As Hall noted in his work, a comfortable conversation needs to include the range of human personal space.(2)选：____________(3)选：__________(4) Hall was a pioneer in study of human 14 (5)Hall said that personal space for Americans can be defined as having four 15 zones:(6)the 17 zone within(7)for talking with 18(8)Historians say that our 19 of personal space began(9) so they 20 developed(10)People exhibit nonverbal messages of 21 whenPart IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions {TSE}are based on the following passage.With its common interest in lawbreaking but its immense range of subject matter and widely varying methods of treatment, the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch of literature, or, at least, as a distinct, even though a slightly disreputable, shoot of the traditional novel.The detective story is probably the most respectable (at any rate in the narrow sense of the word) of the crime species. Its creation is often the relaxation of university dons, literary economists, scientists or even poets. Fatalities may occur more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in polite society, but the world in which they happen, the village, seaside resort, college or studio, is familiar to us, if not from our own experience, at least in the newspaper or the lives of friends. The characters, though normally realized superficially, are as recognizably human and consistent as our less intimate associates. A story set in a more remote environment, African jungle, or Australian bush, ancient China or gaslit London, appeals to our interest in geography or history, and most detective story writers are conscientious in providing a reasonably authentic background. The elaborate, carefully-assembled plot, despised by the modem intellectual critics and creators ofsignificant novels, has found refuge in the murder mystery, with its sprinkling of clues, its spicing with apparent impossibilities, all with appropriate solutions and explanations at the end. With the guilt of escapism from Real Life, nagging gently, we secretly revel in the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human sleuth (侦探), who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent.Though its villain also receives his rightful deserts, the thriller presents a less comfortable and credible world. The sequence of fist fights, revolver duels, car crashes and escapes from gas-filled cellars exhausts the reader far more than the hero, who suffers from at least two broken ribs, one black eye, uncountable bruises and a hangover, can still chase and overpower an armed villain With the physique of wrestler. He moves dangerously through a world of ruthless gangs, brutality, a vicious lust for power and money and, in contrast to the detective tale, with a near-omniscient arch-criminal whose defeat seems almost accidental. Perhaps we miss in the thriller the security of being safely led by our calm investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to a final gathering of suspects when an un(2)The passage suggests that intellectuals write detective stories because___________A. they enjoy writing these storiesB. the stories are often in fact very instructiveC. detective stories are an accepted branch of literatureD. the creation of these stories demands considerable intelligence(3)What feature of the detective story is said to disqualify it from respectful consideration by intellectual critics?A. The fact that the guilty are always found out and the innocent cleareB. The lack of interest in genuine character revelationC. The existence of a neat closely-knit storD. The many seemingly impossible event(4)One of the most incredible characteristics of the hero of a thriller is ___________A. his exciting lifeB. his amazing toughnessC. the way he deals with enemiesD. his ability to escape from dangerous situations(5)In what way are the detective story and the thriller unlike?A. In introducing violencB. In providing excitement and suspensC. In ensuring that everything comes right in the enD. In appealing to the intellectual curiosity of the reader(6)Questions {TSE}are based on the following passage．Every once in a while the reasons for discouragement about the human prospect pile up so high that it becomes difficult to see the way ahead。

09年12月大学英语六级考试模拟试题

09年12月大学英语六级考试模拟试题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes) 注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1上，请在答题卡1上作答。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage。

The Internet Internet was born 40 years ago, in a lab at the University of California, Los Angeles. Today it wraps the entire planet and features in the daily routine of more than 1.5 billion people. But do you know hte following facts and information about the computer?Could the Net Become Self-aware?In engineering terms, it is easy to see qualitative similarities between the human brain and the Internet's complex network of nodes (节点)， as they both hold, process, recall and transmit information. "The Internet behaves a fair bit like a mind, "says Ben Goertzel, chair of the Artificial General Intelligence Research Institute. " It might ready have a degree of consciousness"。

2009年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2009年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. TranslationPart I Writing (30 minutes)1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of a Name. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 有人说名字或名称很重要；2. 也有人觉得名字或名称无关紧要；3. 我认为……。

On the Importance of a Name________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _______________正确答案：On the Importance of a Name When asked about which symbol can represent one’s identity, I believe the first answer occurring to most people should be their names. There is no denying the fact that it is a controversial topic whether names are important or not. Some hold the positive view. When choosing names for themselves or for their children, people generally enrich the names with special implied meanings, expecting that the names could reflect something more favorable. They believe a name reveals one’s emotion, will and ambition, and symbolizes one’s image, qualities and tastes. An elegant name which fits a person can imply psychological guidance, give him self-confidence, contribute to his success and accompany him for the whole life. As a result, they make painstaking efforts to choose outstanding names, wishing for success, good luck and more wealth. Despite that, others have voiced a different opinion that names are not as vital as they are supposed to be. A name is a word or phrase that man uses to denote and identify a specific person, place or thing. As an important identity of a person in society, a name carries no other social functions. So, there is no inexorable correlation between the sign and “the signified”. Personally, I admit that names do influence us in different ways, but any overestimation of their effects on us, as many people put it, is just a fatalist. No matter what differences names make to our life and career, their symbolic function can never be changed. As a matter of fact, names themselves by no means lead to success or professional achievements in one’s life.解析：开头段：引入话题，名字是否重要是一个有争议的话题。

2009年12月大学英语六级全国统一模拟冲刺卷及答案(新东方)

2009年12月大学英语六级全国统一模拟冲刺卷Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1 上。

Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.How Marketers Target KidsKids represent an important demographic to marketers because they have their own purchasing power, they influence their parents’ buying decisions and they are the adult consumers of the future.Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000.Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids because trends such as smaller family size, dual incomes and postponing children until later in life mean that families have more disposable income.As well, guilt can play a role in spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitute material goods for time spent with their kids.Here are some of the strategies marketers employ to target kids:Pester（纠缠）PowerToday’s kids have more autonomy and decision-making power within the family than in previous generations, so it follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parents to buy. “Pester power” refers to children’s ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy. Marketing to children is all about creating pester power, because advertisers know what a powerful force it can be.According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into two categories—“persistence” and “importance.” Persistence nagging (a plea,that is repeated over and over again) is not as effective as the more sophisticated “importance nagging.” This latter method appeals to parents’ desire to provide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids.The Marriage of Psychology and MarketingTo effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children’s developmental, emotional and social needs at different ages. Using research that analyzes children’s behaviour, fantasy lives, art work, even their dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticated marketing strategies to reach young people.The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U.S. mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association (APA) urging them to declare the practice unethical. The APA is currently studying the issue.Building Brand Name LoyaltyCanadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of “brand” marketing in her 2000 book No Logo.According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind of corporation—Nike, Calvin Klein,Tommy Hilfiger, to name a few—which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name. By moving their manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages. It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the world has seen.Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships. According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos and mascots. Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos. While fast food, toy and clothing companies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years, adult-oriented businesses such as banks and automakers are now getting in on the act.Buzz or Street MarketingThe challenge for marketers is to cut through the intense advertising clutter ( 杂乱) in yo ung people’s lives. Many companies are using “buzz marketing” —a new twist on the tried-and-true “word of mouth” method. The idea is to find the coolest kids in a community and have them use or wear your product in order to create a buzz around it. Buzz, o r “street marketing,” as it’s also called, can help a company to successfully connect with the elusive ( 难找的) teen market by using trendsetters to give them products “cool” status.Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to the Internet, where young “Net promoters” use chat rooms and blogs to spread the word about music, clothes and other products among unsuspecting users.Commercialization in EducationSchool used to be a place where children were protected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world—but not anymore. Budget shortfalls ( 亏空，差额) are forcing school boards to allow corporations access to students in exchange for badly needed cash, computers and educational materials.Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products.A school setting delivers a captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including:● Sponsored educational materials.● Supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility.● Advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds.● Contests and incentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.● Sponsoring school events.The InternetThe Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It’s part of youth culture. This generation of young people is growing up with the Internet as a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision.Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Internet is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising.Marketing Adult Entertainment to KidsChildren are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children.The FTC studied 44 films rated “Restricted,” and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under 17. Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on “Restricted” movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。

2009年6月六级模拟题目答案及听力原文部分

【本书下载于派派论坛，如需更多好书，请访问】2009年6月六级模拟题目答案及听力原文部分Part I WritingThe Increase in the Number of Students Attending Graduate Entrance Exams It can be seen from the chart that there have been sharp increases in the number of students attending graduate entrance exams in University X in the past decade. As the chart shows, the year 1999 witnessed only 2,900 students taking part in the exams. In 2004, the number soared to nearly four thousand. In 2009, far more people prepared themselves for graduate study.A number of factors could account for the change in the chart, but the following might be the critical ones. First, due to the spreading financial crisis and economic recession in the past years, the number of job vacancies has been on a sharp decline. Secondly, as a result of expanded enrollments in many colleges and universities, the number of graduates has rocketed in China, which adds to the fierceness of competition in the job market. Last but not least, relevant state policies and the boom of higher education provide students with more opportunities to go after higher degrees.Personally, I would not pursue graduate study right upon graduation from college. The main reason is that I have not made up my mind on the field to major in. But I really deem it necessary for me to secure a master degree. So I would set my goal while I am working.Part ⅡReading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1. C2. B3. A4. D5. B6. C7. A8. higher-order passion9. your favorite activities10. team upPart III Listing Comprehension11-18 CBDD DACB19-22 BCAD23-25 DBC26-29 DCCB 30-32 DAB 33-35 DBD36．activity37. average38. temperature39. muscles40. breathing41. regular42. predominating43.conciousness.44. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm.45. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids as if you were looking atsomething occurring In front of you.46. Provided that you do not wake up during the first sleep period, your body will soon relaxagain, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more.Part IV Reading Comprehension47. public ignorance48. determine one’s personality49. They claimed the radionic machine would broadcast the cure.50. curing the sicknesses51. People will look back on past medical practices with suspicion．Passage One52-56 ADBCCPassage Two57-61 DACBAPart V Cloze62-66 CBACB67-71 ADADB72-76 CADCD77-81 BCDABPart VI Translation82. wants to raise the rent by a third83. or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church84. the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy85. of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster-stricken area86.than she fell ill听力原文11. M: The view is spectacular. Could you take a picture of me with the mountains in thebackground?W: I'm afraid I just ran out of film.Q: What does the woman mean?12. W：It has always been hard to get this car into first gear, and now the clutch seems to beslipping.M：If you leave the car with me, I will fix it for you this afternoon.Q：Who is the woman probably speaking to?13. M: Can I borrow your calculus textbook? I left mine in the classroom. And it was gone when Iwent back.W: That happened to me once. I'd almost given up on finding it until I checked it at the lost-and-found at the information desk downstairs in the lobby.Q: What does the woman imply about the man should do?14. M: I'm really having trouble with this literature course. If I can't start doing better soon, I'mgoing to have to drop it.W: Why don't you get some help from the graduate assistant? That's what he's there for.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?15. W: I've been working on this report all day. And I've still got 12 pages to write. At this rate, I'llnever get it done by tomorrow.M: Oh, that's right. You weren't in class today, so you probably haven't heard that the deadline’s been extended a week.Q: What does the man imply?16. W: I don't think I want to live in the dormitory next year. I need more privacy.M: I know what you mean. But check out the cost of renting an apartment first, I wouldn't be surprised if you changed your mind.Q: What does the man think the woman will do?17. W: These mosquitoes bite are killing me. I c an’t help scratching.M: Next time you go camping, take some precaution, such as wearing long sleevesQ: Why does the man suggest the woman wear long sleeves?18. W: My brother is coming this weekend and I thought three of us could go out to dinnerSaturday night. Any suggestions?M: It's up to you. I don't know the restaurants around here that well. So you know a better place to go than me.Q: What does the man mean?Longer conversation oneW: This food is terrible. I can't even finish my dinner.M: I know. You think with all the money we pay for room and board, the university could hire a better food service. Where are you headed next?W: I'm going over to the student recreation center to play some bridge.M: You are spending your time on a card game?W: Not just any card game. It's one of the most strategic there is.M: So I've heard. Don't you play with a partner?W: Yeah. Four people play, two against the other two.M: So you try to play in cooperation with your partner.W: Actually, the cards of one of the four players are turned face up. That player is called the dummy.M: I wouldn't want to be called that. When you are the dummy what do you do while the cards are being played?W: Anything you want. Sit there and study, shuffle another deck, get snacks for everyone. I like to stand behind my partner and watch.M: You know, I've heard that bridge is habit forming. You should be careful not to play so much that you don't get your studying done.W: Don't worry about me. I only play Thursdays after dinner, and sometimes when they need a fourth player. If you like, I could teach you.M: Thanks. But I have a pretty heavy workload this term. I already spend my evenings learning things I don't really know.Q19.Where does the conversation take place?Q20.How does the woman plan to spend her evening?Q21.What will the woman probably do if she is the dummy?Q22.Why doesn't the man accept the woman's offer?Longer conversation twoM: So, Claire, you’re into drama!W: Yes, I have a master’s degree in drama and theatre. At the moment, I’m hoping to get onto a PhD program.M: What excites you about drama?W: Well, I find it’s a communicative way to study people and you learn how to read people in drama. So usually I can understand what people are saying even though they might be lying.M: That would be useful.W: Yeah, it’s very useful for me as well. I’m in English lecture, so use a lot of drama in my classes such as role plays. And I ask my students to create mini-dramas. They really respond well. At the moment, I’m hoping to get onto a Ph.D course. I’d like to concentrate on Asian drama and try to bring Asian theatre to the world’s attention. I don’t know how successful I would be, but, here’s hoping.M: Oh, I’m sure you’ll be successful. Now, Claire, what do you do fo r stage fright?W: Ah, stage fright! Well, many actors have that problem. I get stage fright every time I’m going to teach a new class. The night before, I usually can’t sleep.M: What? For teaching?W: Yes. I get really bad stage fright. But the minute I step into the classroom or get onto the stage, it just all falls into place. Then I just feel like: Yeah, this is what I mean to do. And I’m fine.M: Wow, that’s cool!Q23. Why does the woman find study in drama and theatre useful?Q24. How did the woman’s students respond to her way of teaching English?Q25. What does the woman say about her stage fright?Passage 1OK, in the last class we talked about the classification of trees and we ended up with a basic description of angiosperm. You remember that those are plants with true flowers and seeds that develop into fruits. The common broad leaf trees we have on campus fall into this category. But our pines don't. Now I hope you all followed my advice and wore comfortable shoes because as I said today we are going to do a little field study. To get started let me describe a couple of broadleaf trees we have in front of us. I'm sure you've all noticed that this big tree next to BrettHall. It's a black walnut that must be 80 feet tall. As a matter of fact there is a plaque identifying. It is the tallest black walnut in the state. And from here we can see the beautiful archway of trees at the commons. They are American elms. The ones along the commons were planted when the college was founded 120 years ago. They have distinctive dark green leaves that lock lopsided because the two sides of the leaf are unequal. I want you to notice the elm right outside the Jackson Hall. Some of the leaves have withered and turned yellow, maybe due to Dutch elm disease. Only a few branches seem affective so far but if this tree is sick it'll have to be cut down. Well, let's move on and I'll describe what we see as we go.Q26. What are the students going to do during this class period?Q27. In what class is this lecture probably being given?Q28. What is remarkable about the black walnut tree outside Brett Hall?Q29. What is the problem with the elm tree near Jackson Hall?Passage 2What was the most popular mix about the United States in the 19th Century was that of the free and simple life of the farmer. It was said that the farmers worked hard on their own land to produce whatever their families' needed. They might sometimes trade with their neighbors, but in general they could get along just fine by relying on themselves, not on commercial ties with others. This is how Thomas Jefferson idealized the farmers at the beginning of the 19th century. And at that time, this may have been close to the truth especially on the frontier. But by the mid century sweeping changes in agriculture were well under way as farmers began to specialized in the raising of crops such as cotton or corn or wheat. By late in the century revolutionary invents in farm machinery has vastly increased the production of specialized crops and extensive network of railroads had linked farmers throughout the country to market in the east and even overseas. By raising and selling specialized crops, farmers could afford more and finer goods and achieved much higher standard of living but at a price. Now farmers were no longer dependent just on the weather and their own efforts, their lives were increasing controlled by the banks, which had powder to grant or deny loans for new machinery, and by the railroads which set the rates for shipping their crops to the market. As businessmen, farmers now had to worry about national economic depression and the implement of world supply and demand on for example, the of price of wheat in hands. And so by the end of the 19th century, the era of Jefferson's independent farmerhad come to a close.Q30. What is the main topic of the talk?Q31. According to the professor, what was the major change in the agriculture during the 19th century?Q32. According to the professor, what was one result of the increased use of machinery on farms of the United States?Passage 3It is common knowledge that music can have a powerful effect on our emotions. In fact, since 1930s, music therapists have relied on music to soothe patients and help control pain. Now psychologists are confirming that music can also help relieve depression and improve concentration. For instance, in a recent study, 15 surgeons were given some highly stressed math problems to solve. They were divided into three groups: one worked in silence, and in another, the surgeons listened to music of their choice on headphones; the third listened to classic music chosen by the researchers. The results of the study may surprise you. The doctors who got to choose their music experienced less stress and scored better than the others. One possible explanation is that listening to music you like stimulates the Alfa-wave in the brain, increases the heart rate and expands the breathing. That helps to reduce stress and sharpen concentration. Other research suggests a second relation between th e music and the brain: by examining the students’ blood after they listening to a variety of classic music collections, the researchers found that some students showed a large increase in endorphin, a natural pain reliever, this supports what music therapists have known for years: Music can help rejuvenate or soothe the patient.Q33. According to the speaker how is the music therapy currently used in medicine?Q34. What did the study done with surgeons show?Q35. In the study of students exposed to classic music, what effect did the music have?Section C Compound DictationSleep is part of a person's daily 36activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep and they occur in cycles, If you are an 37average sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber, your eyes will roll about a bit, your 38temperature will drop slightly, your 39muscles will relax, and your 40 breathing will slow and become quite 41regular. Yourbrain waves slow down a bit too with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves 42predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so as you relax more and more you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose 43consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. 44Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some ~ to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep that most dreams seem to occur. 46Provided that you do not wake up during the first sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more .You will slip gently back from stage I to 4 .【本书下载于派派论坛，如需更多好书，请访问】。

最新最新：2009年6月大学英语四级考试预测试题-精品

最新：2009年6月大学英语四级考试预测试题更多信息请访问：Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health and Sports. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (givenin Chinese) below.Income Gap1.有些人认为收入差距的存在是合理的2.有些人认为收入差距的存在是不合理的3.收入差距对社会的影响Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1- 7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.How to survive a devastating earthquake?What exactly is an earthquake?。

2009年12月英语六级真题及答案

2009年12月大学英语六级考试真题Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 现在有不少家长送孩子参加各种艺术班2. 对这种做法有人表示支持，也有人并不赞成3. 我认为……Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Bosses Say “Yes” to Home Work Rising costs of office space, time lost to stressful commuting, and a slow recognition that workers have lives beyond the office—all are strong arguments for letting staff work from home.For the small business, there are additional benefits too—staff are more productive, and happier, enabling firms to keep their headcounts (员工数) and their recruitment costs to a minimum. It can also provide competitive advantage, especially when small businesses want to attract new staff but don t have the budget to offer huge salaries.While company managers have known about the benefits for a long time, many have done little about it, sceptical of whether they could trust their employees to work to full capacity without supervision, or concerned about the additional expenses teleworking policies might incur as staff start charging their home phone bills to the business.Yet this is now changing. When communications provider Inter Tel researched the use of remote working solutions among small and medium sized UK businesses in April this year, it found that 28% more companies claimed to have introduced flexible working practices than a year ago.The UK network of Business Links confirms that it too has seen a growing interest in remote working solutions from small businesses seeking its advice, and claims that as many as 60-70% of the businesses that come through its doors now offer some form of remote working- 2 -英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载- 3 - support to their workforces.Technology advances, including the widespread availability of broadband, are making the introduction of remote working a piece of cake.“If systems are set up properly, staff can have access to all the resources they have in the office wherever they have an internet connection,” says Andy Poulton, e business advisor at Business Link for Berkshire and Wiltshire. “There are some very exciting developments which have enabled this.”One is the availability of broadband everywhere, which now covers almost all of the country (BT claims that, by July, 99.8% of its exchanges will be broadband enabled, with alternative plans in place for even the most remote exchanges). “This is the enabler,” Poulton says.Yet while broadband has come down in price too, those service providers targeting the business market warn against consumer services masquerading (伪装) as business friendly broadband.“Broadband is available for as little as ￡15 a month, but many businesses fail to appreciate the hidden costs of such a service,” says Neil Stephenson, sales and marketing director at Onyx Internet, an internet service provider based in the northeast of England. “Providers offering broadband for rock bottom prices are notorious for poor service, with regular breakdowns and heavily congested (拥堵的)networks. It is always advisable for businesses to look beyond the price tag and look for a business only provider that can offer more reliability, with good support.”Such services don t cost too much—quality services can be found for upwards of ￡30 a month. The benefits of broadband to the occasional home worker are that they can access email in real time, and take full advantage of services such as internet based backup or even internet based phone services. Internet based telecoms, or V oIP (V oice over IP) to give it its technical title, is an interesting tool to any business supporting remote working. Not necessarily because of the promise of free or reduced price phone calls (which experts point out is misleading for the average business), but because of the sophisticated voice services that can be exploited by the remote worker—facilities such as voicemail and call forwarding, which provide a continuity of the company image for customers and business partners.By law, companies must “consider seriously” requests to work flexibly made by a parent with a child under the age of six, or a disabled child under 18. It was the need to accommodate employees with young children that motivated accountancy firm Wright Vigar to begin promoting teleworking recently. The company, which needed to upgrade its IT infrastructure (基础设施) to provide connectivity with a new,- 4 -英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载- 5 - second office, decided to introduce support for remote working at the same time.Marketing director Jack O Hern explains that the company has a relatively young workforce, many of whom are parents: “One of the triggers was when one of our tax managers returned from maternity leave. She was intending to work part time, but could only manage one day a week in the office due to childcare. By offering her the ability to work from home, we have doubled her capacity —now she works a day a week from home, and a day in the office. This is great for her, and for us as we retain someone highly qualified.”For Wright Vigar, which has now equipped all of its fee earners to be able to work at maximum productivity when away from the offices (whether that s from home, or while on the road), this strategy is not just about saving on commute time or cutting them loose from the office, but enabling them to work more flexible hours that fit around their home life.O Hern says: “Although most of our work is clientbased and must fit around this, we can t see any reason why a parent cant be on hand to deal with something important at home, if they have the ability to complete a project later in the day.”Supporting this new way of working came with a price, though. Although the firm was updating its systems anyway, the company spent10-15% more per user to equip them with a laptop rather than a PC, and about the same to upgrade to a server that would enable remote staff to connect to the company networks and access all their usual resources. Although Wright Vigar hasn t yet quantified the business benefits, it claims that, in addition to being able to retain key staff with young families, it is able to save fee earners a substantial amount of “dead”time in their working days.That staff can do this without needing a fixed telephone line provides even more efficiency savings. “With Wi Fi (fast, wireless internet connections) popping up all over the place, even on trains, our fee earners can be productive as they travel, and between meetings, instead of having to kill time at the shops,” he adds.The company will also be able to avoid the expense of having to relocate staff to temporary offices for several weeks when it begins disruptive office renovations soon.Financial recruitment specialist Lynne Hargreaves knows exactly how much her firm has saved by adopting a teleworking strategy, which has involved handing her company s data management over to a remote hosting company, Datanet, so it can be accessible by all the company s consultants over broadband internet connections.It has enabled the company to dispense with its business premises altogether, following the realisation that it just didn t need them any- 6 -英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载- 7 - more. “The main motivation behind adopting home working was to increase my own productivity, as a single mum to an 11year old,” says Hargreaves. “But I soon realised that, as most of our business is done on the phone, email and at off site meetings, we didnt need our offices at all. We re now saving ￡16,000 a year on rent, plus the cost of utilities, not to mention wh at would have been spent on commuting.”1. What is the main topic of this passage?A) How business managers view hi tech. B) Relations between employers and employees.C) How to cut down the costs of small businesses.D) Benefits of the practice of teleworking.2. From the research conducted by the communications provider Inter Tel, we learn that .A) more employees work to full capacity at homeB) employees show a growing interest in small businessesC) more businesses have adopted remote working solutionsD) attitudes toward IT technology have changed3. What development has made flexible working practices possible according to Andy Poulton?A) Reduced cost of telecommunications.B) Improved reliability of internet service.C) Availability of the V oIP service. D) Access to broadband everywhere.4. What is Neil Stephenson s advice to firms contracting internet services?A) They look for reliable business only providers.B) They contact providers located nearest to them.C) They carefully examine the contract.D) They contract the cheapest provider.5. Internet based telecoms facilitates remote working by .A) offering sophisticated voice servicesB) giving access to emailing in real timeC) helping clients discuss business at homeD) providing calls completely free of charge6. The accountancy firm Wright Vigar promoted teleworking initially in order to .A) present a positive image to prospective customersB) support its employees with children to take care ofC) attract young people with IT expertise to work for itD) reduce operational expenses of a second office7. According to marketing director Jack O Hern, teleworking enabled the company to .A) enhance its market image B) reduce recruitment costsC) keep highly qualified staffD) minimise its office space- 8 -英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载- 9 - 8. Wright Vigar s practice of allowing for more flexible working hoursnot only benefits the company but helps improve employees. 9. With fast, wireless internet connections, employees can still be while traveling.10. Single mother Lynne Hargreaves decided to work at home mainly to .Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) They would rather travel around than stay at home.B) They prefer to carry cash when traveling abroad.C) They usually carry many things around with them.D) They don t like to spend much money on traveling.12. A) The selection process was a little unfair.B) He had long dreamedof the dean s position.C) Rod was eliminated in the selection process.D) Rod was in charge of the admissions office.13. A) Applause encourages the singer. B) She regrets paying for the concert.C) Almost everyone loves pop music.D) The concert is very impressive.14. A) They have known each other since their schooldays.B) They were both chairpersons of the Students Union.C) They have been in close touch by email.D) They are going to hold a reunion party.15. A) Cook their dinner.B) Rest for a while.C) Get their car fixed.D) Stop for the night.16. A) Newly launched products.B) Consumer preferences.C) Survey results.D) Survey methods.17. A) He would rather the woman didn t buy the blouse.B) The woman needs blouses in the colors of a rainbow.C) The information in the catalog is not always reliable.D) He thinks the blue blouse is better than the red one.18. A) The course is open to all next semester.B) The notice may not be reliable.C) The woman has not told the truth.D) He will drop his course in marketing.- 10 -英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) A director of a sales department. B) A manager at a computer store.C) A sales clerk at a shopping center.D) An accountant of a computer firm.20. A) Handling customer complaints. B) Recruiting and training new staff.C) Dispatching ordered goods on time.D) Developing computer programs.21. A) She likes something more challenging.B) She likes to be nearer to her parents.C) She wants to have a better paid job.D) She wants to be with her husband.22. A) Right away. B) In two months.C) Early next month.D) In a couple of days.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) It will face challenges unprecedented in its history.B) It is a resolute advocate of the anti global movement.C) It is bound to regain its full glory of a hundred years ago.D) It will be a major economic power by the mid21st century.24. A) The lack of overall urban planning.B) The huge gap between the haves and have nots.C) The inadequate supply of water and electricity.D) The shortage of hi tech personnel.25. A) They attach great importance to education.B) They are able to grasp growth opportunities.C) They are good at learning from other nations.D) They have made use of advanced technologies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) She taught chemistry and microbiology courses in a college.B) She gave lectures on how to become a public speaker.C) She helped families move away from industrial polluters.D) She engaged in field research on environmental pollution.27. A) The job restricted her from revealing her findings.B) The job posed a potential threat to her health.C) She found the working conditions frustrating.D) She was offered a better job in a minority community.英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载28. A) Some giant industrial polluters have gone out of business.B) More environmental organizations have appeared.C) Many toxic sites in America have been cleaned up.D) More branches of her company have been set up.29. A) Her widespread influence among members of Congress.B) Her ability to communicate through public speaking.C) Her rigorous training in delivering eloquent speeches.D) Her lifelong commitment to domestic and global issues.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) The fierce competition in the market.B) The growing necessity of staff training.C) The accelerated pace of globalisation.D) The urgent need of a diverse workforce.31. A) Gain a deep understanding of their own culture.B) Take courses of foreign languages and cultures.C) Share the experiences of people from other cultures.D) Participate in international exchange programmes.32. A) Reflective thinking is becoming critical.B) Labor market is getting globalised.C) Knowing a foreign language is essential. D) Globalisation will eliminate many jobs.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) Red haired women were regarded as more reliable.B) Brown haired women were rated as more capable.C) Golden haired women were considered attractive.D) Black haired women were judged to be intelligent.34. A) They are smart and eloquent.B) They are ambitious and arrogant.C) They are shrewd and dishonest.D) They are wealthy and industrious.35. A) They force people to follow the cultural mainstream.B) They exaggerate the roles of certain groups of people.C) They emphasize diversity at the expense of uniformity.D) They hinder our perception of individual differences.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.The ancient Greeks developed basic memory systems called mnemonics. The name is (36) from their Goddess of memory “Mnemosyne”. In the ancient world, a trained memory was an (37) asset, particularly in public life. There were no (38) devices for taking notes, and early Greek orators(演说家) delivered long speeches with great (39) because they learned the speeches using mnemonic systems.The Greeks discovered that human memory is (40) an associative process—that it works by linking things together. For example, think of an apple. The (41) your brain registers the word “apple”, it (42) the shape, color, taste, smell and (43) of that fruit. All these things are associated in your memory with the word “apple”.(44) . An example could be when you think about a lecture you have had. This could trigger a memory about what you re talking about through that lecture, which can then trigger another memory.(45) . An example given on a website I was looking at follows: Do you remember the shape of Austria, Canada, Belgium, or Germany? Probably not. What about Italy, though? (46) . You made an association with something already known, the shape of a boot, and Italy s shape could not be forgotten once you had made the association.PartⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Many countries have made it illegal to chat into a hand held mobile phone while driving. But the latest research further confirms that the danger lies less in what a motorist s hands do when he takes a call than in what the conversation does to his brain. Even using a “hands free”device can divert a driver s attention to an alarming extent.Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick, and Todd Horowitz of the Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving. One group was left undistracted while the other had to engage in a conversation using a speakerphone. As Kunar and Horowitz report, those who were making the equivalent of a hands free call had an average reaction time 212 milliseconds slower than those who were not. That, they calculate, would add 5.7 metres to the braking distance of a car travelling at 100kph. They also found that the group using the hands free kit made 83% more errors in their tasks than those who were英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载not talking.To try to understand more about why this was, they tried two further tests. In one, members of a group were asked simply to repeat words spoken by the caller. In the other, they had to think of a word that began with the last letter of the word they had just heard. Those only repeating words performed the same as those with no distraction, but those with the more complicated task showed even worse reaction times—an average of 480 milliseconds extra delay. This shows that when people have to consider the information they hear carefully, it can impair their driving ability significantly.Punishing people for using hand held gadgets while driving is difficult enough, even though they can be seen from outside the car. Persuading people to switch their phones off altogether when they get behind the wheel might be the only answer. Who knows, they might even come to enjoy not having to take calls.47. Carrying on a mobile phone conversation while one is driving is considered dangerous because it seriously distracts .48. In the experiments, the two groups of volunteers were asked to handlea series of moving tasks which were considered .49. Results of the experiments show that those who were making the equivalent of a hands free call took to react than those who were not.50. Further experiments reveal that participants tend to respond with extradelay if they are required to do .51. The author believes persuasion, rather than , might be the only way to stop people from using mobile phones while driving.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over educated, eco conscious type. So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation s schools singled out those in the smugly（自鸣得意的）green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country. The city s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experiments breathing in a laboratory s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day. This in a city that requires school cafeterias to serve organic meals. Great,英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载I thought, organic lunch, toxic campus.Since December, when the report came out, the mayor, neighborhood activists（活跃分子）and various parent teacher associations have engaged in a fierce battle over its validity: over the guilt of the steel casting factory on the western edge of town, over union jobs versus children s health and over what, if anything, ought to be done. With all sides presenting their own experts armed with conflicting scientific studies, whom should parents believe? Is there truly a threat here, we asked one another as we dropped off our kids, and if so, how great is it? And how does it compare with the other, seemingly perpetual health scares we confront, like panic over lead in synthetic athletic fields? Rather than just another weird episode in the town that brought you protesting environmentalists, this latest drama is a trial for how today s parents perceive risk, how we try to keep our kids safe—whether it s possible to keep them safe—in what feels like an increasingly threatening world. It raises the question of what, in o ur time, “safe” could even mean.“There s no way around the uncertainty,”says Kimberly Thompson, president of Kid Risk, a nonprofit group that studies children s health. “That means your choices can matter, but it also means you aren t going to know if they do.”A 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics explained that nervous parents have more to fear from fire, car accidents and drowning than from toxic chemical exposure. To which I say: Well,obviously. But such concrete hazards are beside the point. It s the dangers parents can t—and may never—quantify that occur all of sudden. That s why I ve rid my cupboard of microwave food packed in bags coated with a potential cancer causing substance, but although I ve lived blocks from a major fault line(地质断层) for more than 12 years, I still haven t bolted our bookcases to the living room wall.52. What does a recent investigation by USA Today reveal?A) Heavy metals in lab tests threaten children s health in Berkeley.B) Berkeley residents are quite contented with their surroundings.C) The air quality around Berkeley s school campuses is poor.D) Parents in Berkeley are over sensitive to cancer risks their kids face.53. What response did USA Today s report draw?A) A heated debate.B) Popular support.C) Widespread panic.D) Strong criticism.54. How did parents feel in the face of the experts studies?A) They felt very much relieved.B) They were frightened by the evidence.C) They didn t know who to believe.D) They weren t convinced of the results.55. What is the view of the 2004 report in the journal Pediatrics?A) It is important to quantify various concrete hazards.英语六级考试网为您备考英语六级考试提供助力更多资料下载B) Daily accidents pose a more serious threat to children.C) Parents should be aware of children s health hazards.D) Attention should be paid to toxic chemical exposure.56. Of the dangers in everyday life, the author thinks that people have most to fear from .A) the uncertainB) the quantifiableC) an earthquake D) unhealthy foodPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Crippling health care bills, long emergency room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily.Primary care should be the backbone of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries （老年医保受惠人）. The startling finding was that the average Medicare patient saw a total of seven doctors—two primary care physicians and five specialists—in a given year. Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you don t guarantee better care. Actually,increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.How did we let primary care slip so far? The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he s reimbursed (返还费用). Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures. A specialist who performs a procedure in a 30minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient s disease. Combine this fact with annual government threats to indiscriminately cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care.Medical students are not blind to this scenario. They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primary care. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U.S. medical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors.How do we fix this problem?。

2009年英语四级（CET-4）考试新题型预测试卷（4）-中大网校

2009年英语四级（CET-4）考试新题型预测试卷（4）-中⼤⽹校2009年英语四级(CET-4)考试新题型预测试卷(4)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分Part I Writing (30mintes)(1)Long Holidays __________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Long Holidays. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese : 1.长假给⼤学⽣带来的好处；2.长假可能给⼤学⽣带来的问题3.我应当怎样利⽤好长假Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Directions：In this part，you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet l．For questions {TSE},choose the best answer from the four choices marked A，B，C and D．Complete the sentences with the information given in the passage．Linguistic Ability of ChildrenA．Scientists may finally have an explanation for why children reign supreme when it comes to learning new language．Using MRI and animation technology to study the brains of children．researchers like Dr.Paul Thompson of UCLA have discovered that children are processing language information in a different region of the brain than adults．B．There are different areas in the brain controlling different functions in our lives．When we brush our teeth，sign our names or drive a car，we don’t consciously think：“move the right hand up and down like this，”“capitalize this letter，”or“turn the wheel 30 degrees to the left．”These are examples of automatic brain function．When children acquire language，this same part of the brain，called the“deep motor area，”is what they use，so the language is like second nature．C．But when adults learn a second or third language，their brains operate differently．The window of opportunity to imprint information and skills in the deep motor region of the brain is widest during early childhood and nearly shut by the time we reach about l 8．Therefore．adults have to store information elsewhere，in a more active brain region．As a consequence，adults usually think sentences through in a native tongue and then translate them word—by-word，instead of thinking automatically in another language as a child would．Even for people with extensive training in fl second language as an adult，who feel their speech is automatic，on a neurological level the brain is still operating differently from a child’s．D．Research into the neurology of language acquisition is proving useful because understanding the“geographic”differences of language learning in children versus adults may influence teachers and their decisions about foreign language instruction. As an example, Thompson says simply teaching young children the sounds and accents of other languages at an earlier age may be valuable, even if they are not getting full instruction in the language. Learning those sounds later in life from a neurological perspective can be more difficult.E.There is noproof of any physiological change that fundamentally alters language learning between childhood and adulthood. Non-physiological explanations are available for every observation made thus far, and they are just as plausible as the physiological explanations. The notion that children are physiologically different from adults with respect to language learning is accepted linguistic dogma, not proven fact. The dogma is most readily accepted by linguists who can't learn other languages, and is considered the most questionable by people who have learne(2)What is almost closed when we become adults?A. The ability to process language informatioB. Automatic brain functioC. Window of opportunitD. Second natur(3)What kind of teachers does the latest research affect?A. Bilingual teacherB. Teachers in physiologC. Native language teacherD. Foreign language teacher(4)What do non-physiological and physiological explanations have in common?A. ParadoB. DilemmC. PlausibilitD. Ambiguou(5)What is used to show that young children use a much larger area of the brain than older children or adults?A. Electrical measurementB. MRI and animation technologC. A specially developed prograD. The unique ability to imprint informatio(6)It is the brain's left hemisphere that is more suitable for language development,________A. even if it is surgically removedB. even if it is injuredC. because it is ..fully-developed by birthD. because it is plastic enough to reshape(7)Paragraph H mainly discuss__________A. thinking things throughB. a larger brain capacityC. specialist areD. the critical timePart II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Linguistic Ability of ChildrenA．Scientists may finally have an explanation for why children reign supreme when it comes to learning new language．Using MRI and animation technology to study the brains of children．researchers like Dr.Paul Thompson of UCLA have discovered that children are processing language information in a different region of the brain than adults．B．There are different areas in the brain controlling different functions in our lives．When we brush our teeth，sign our names or drive a car，we don’t consciously think：“move the right hand up and down like this，”“capitalize this letter，”or“turn the wheel 30 degrees to the left．”These are examples of automatic brain function．When children acquire language，this same part of the brain，called the“deep motor area，”is what they use，so the language is like second nature．C．But when adults learn a second or third language，their brains operate differently．The window of opportunity to imprint information and skills in the deep motor region of the brain is widest during early childhood and nearly shut by the time we reach about l 8．Therefore．adults have to store information elsewhere，in a more active brain region．As a consequence，adults usually think sentences through in a native tongue and then translate them word—by-word，instead of thinking automatically in another language as a child would．Even for people with extensive training in fl second language as an adult，who feel their speech is automatic，on a neurological level the brain is still operating differently from a child’s．D．Research into the neurology of language acquisition is proving useful because understanding the“geographic”differences of language learning in children versus adults may influence teachers and their decisions about foreign language instruction. As an example, Thompson says simply teaching young children the sounds and accents of other languages at an earlier age may be valuable, even if they are notgetting full instruction in the language. Learning those sounds later in life from a neurological perspective can be more difficult.E.There is no proof of any physiological change that fundamentally alters language learning between childhood and adulthood. Non-physiological explanations are available for every observation made thus far, and they are just as plausible as the physiological explanations. The notion that children are physiologically different from adults with respect to language learning is accepted linguistic dogma, not proven fact. The dogma is most readily accepted by linguists who can't learn other languages, and is considered the most questionable by people who have learned languages with native proficiency in adulthood.F.It is wrong to say that changes happen after a certain age, because it happens all the time. At early age, brains develop rapidly and it is important for a child to receive enough input to form and develop the language center in his bra(2)Even if adults receive much training in a second language their brains are still operatingdifferently from children's on a__________.(3)Although young children use large areas of the brain for language processing early in life, they later utilize_________ as this enhances language-learning.Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Directions : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to shed. You may even have tried a fad(时尚) diet or two, but found yourself right back where you1 . The key to weight loss is regular2activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term,3effects. Your body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic4such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active,5energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen (糖原) and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves. Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and6of your activity? The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the7your body will rely on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most8for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you9 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity. Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will bum more fat than if you had10in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will bum fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.(2)The key to weight loss is regular2activity.(3)you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term,3 effects.(4)Your body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic4such as breathing,(5)Any time you are active,5energy is required.(6)Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and6of your activity?(7)the7your body will rely on fat as its fuel.(8)Aerobic exercise is most8for weight loss.(9)When you perform aerobic activities you9contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms.(10)you will bum more fat than if you had10in a short burst of high-intensity exercise.Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions {TSE}are based on the following passage.Cheating is nothing new. But today, education and administrations arefinding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent -- and are less likely to be punished -- than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today's youth are far more pragmatic (实际的) than their idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, today's students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. "People are competitive," said a second-year college student named Anna, from Chicago. "There's an underlying fear. If you don't do well, your life is going to be mined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed. It's almost as though we have tooutdo other people to achieve our own goals. "Edward Wynne, editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty in the schools.He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber,chairman of the English Department at Amarillo sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students evaluated. 'I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated," Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can synthesize in-formation, students will try to beat the system. "The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individuals who's doing it," he said, "That's too easy an answer. We've got to start looking at the system.{TS}Educators are finding that students who cheat______.A. have poor academic recordslB. use the information in late yearsC. can be academically weak or strongD. are more likely to be punished than before(2)According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?A. A change in the educational system will eliminate the need to cheaB. The problem of student cheating has its roots in deeper problemC. Students do not cheat on essay testD. Punishment is an effective method of stopping cheatin(3)Which of the following statements reflects the information in the passage?A. The educational system and its administrators are partly to blame for the rise in the cheatinB. The student who cheats must be at fault because the system is correcC. The 1960s vision of changing the world led students to conforD. Punishment for cheaters has always been severe in this countr(4)The phrase "the individuals" in Line 9, Para. 3 refers to_____________A. students who practice cheatingB. parents who put pressure on their childrenC. school administrators who approve of short-answer testsD. teachers who are too hesitant to take actions against cheating(5)The author probably would agree with the point of view that_____________A. students who cheat should be expelled from schoolB. parents alone must take responsibility for the rise in student cheatingC. the educational system is sound, and students must follow every ruleD. the educational system in this country would benefit from a thorough evaluation(6)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A , B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions {TSE}are based on the following passage. The word conservation has a thrifty meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were "limitless" and "inexhaustible". Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in living body, an un- healthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others. Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; timber was still cheap because it c6uld be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and fiver floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the Word "conservation" had nothing of the meaning that it has of us today.For the sake of ourselves and-those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone's daily life. To know about the water table in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds (流域) need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, mature trees, because living space for most of man's fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only. in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.{TS}According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that_________A. they had no idea of scientific forestryB. they were not aware of the significance of .nature studyC. they had little or no sense of environmental protectionD. they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials(7)It can be inferred from the third paragraph that earlier generation didn't realize___________A. the importance of the proper use of landB. the interdependence of water, soil, and living thingsC. the value of the beauty of natureD. the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floods(8)To avoid the mistakes of our forefathers, the author suggests that____________A. we plant more treesB. we return to natureC. natural sciences be taught to everybodyD. environmental education be directed to everyone(9)What does the author imply by saying "living space.., is figured.., also in cubic volume above the earth" in Para. 3 ?A. We need to take some measures to protect .spacB. We must preserve good living conditions for both birds and rand animalC. Our living space should be measured in cubic volumD. Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smalle(10)The author's attitude towards the current situation in the exploitation of natural resources is________A. criticalB. neutraC. positiveD. suspiciousPart V Cloze (15 minutes)(1)Directions : There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.There are many superstitions in Britain, but one of the most1held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder even if it means2off the pavement into a busy street!3you must pass under a ladder you can4bad luck by crossing your fingers and5them crossed until you have seen a dog.6, you may lick your finger and7a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not look again at the shoe untilthe8has dried. Another common9is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house it will either bring10to the person who opened it or to the whole11 ．Anyone opening an umbrella in fine weather is12, as it inevitably brings rain !The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month 13on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a bad event had better stay14．The worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror,15it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to have16in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the /doc/d7e3b9ff360cba1aa811dab8.html ck cats are generally considered lucky in Britain, even though they are17with witchcraft. It is18 lucky if a black cat crosses your path -- although in America the exact opposite belief prevails.Finally, a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood19luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is tempting fate, such as "my car has never broken20, touch wood?"(2)A. runningB. jumpingC. steppingD. keeping(3)A. IfB. AsC. ThoughD. Unless(4)A. eraseB. removeC. avoidD. ease(5)A. remainingB. keepingC. C takingD. making(6)A. ConsequentlyB. HoweverC. ComparativelyD. Alternatively(7)A. makeB. printC. performD. produceA. labelB. symbolC. markD. cut(9)A. argumentB. superstitionC. opinionD. idea(10)A. lossB. difficultyC. tragedyD. misfortune(11)A. houseB. householdC. homeD. circle(12)A. unwiseB. unintelligentC. unpopularD. unfortunateC. dropsD. happens(14)A. awayC. indoorsD. far(15)A. whenB. asC. ifD. though(16)A. originatedB. initiatedC. generatedD. commenced(17)A. concernedB. relatedC. associatedD. connected(18)A. especiallyB. speciallyC. frequentlyD. rarely(19)A. asB. forC. inD. of(20)Part ⅥTranslation (5 minute)(1)Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patient ____________(没有按吩咐的那样服药)(2)I hope my teacher will____________(将我最近得的疾病考虑在内) when judging my examination.(3)I would appreciate___________(你能保守秘密).(4)I felt ___________(有点失望并即将离开), when something occurred which attracted my attention.(5)____________(⾯对事业的威胁), these workers yielded to the management's requirement.答案和解析Part I Writing (30mintes)(1) :【审题】本题要求写⼀篇议论⽂，属于对⽐选择型。

2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(1)-中大网校

2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(1)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分Part I Writing (30mintes)(1)Directions：For this part．you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic High Salaries or Career Development? You should write at least l50 words according to the outline give，below，in Chinese:1．有的大学毕业生择业时盲目追求高工资，有的则认为提供学习机会及事业上的发展更重要2．持有这两种观点的原因3．你的观点High Salaries or Career Development?————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————一————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.(2)Which of the following is one of the .requirements of simultaneous interpretation?A. Good memorB. Flexible minC. More waiting timD. Pause between language conversion(3)Which of the following statement is true about consecutive interpretation?A. It requires wide-ranging vocabulary in both languageB. It calls for the voices overlappinC. It requires continuous flow-of interpretinD. It is more likely to receive criticis(4)Interpreters are different from translators because they_________A. write wellB. only work with the hard-of-heatingC. are good at both written and oral communicationD. work with peers(5)Real-time interpreting involves_________A. the original speaker stopping after every sentenceB. the original speaker whisperingC. the interpreter being dominantD. the interpreter overlapping(6)The two things that are important in the courtroom are______________A. intimacy and collusionB. whispering and heardC. not whispering and heardD. neither whispering nor hearing(7)Interpreting for witnesse in the courtroom is_____________A. criticalB. stressfulC. easierD. lonelyPart II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Questions{TSE}are based on the following passage.(2)___________is difficult to accomplish without equipment, because it will be hard to hear either the original or the interpretation.(3)Interpreters use remote equipment so they can have a(n) _____________of the speakers, can move freely and enable multiple languages to be transmitted.Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)SectionDirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.The instinctive foundation of the intellectual life is curiosity, which is found among animals in its elementary form. Intelligence demands an alert curiosity, but it must be of a certain kind. The sort that leads village neighbors to try to peer through curtains after dark has not very high value.The widespread interest in gossip is inspired,, not by love of knowledge, but by malice (恶意) ;no one gossips about other people's secret virtues, but only about their secret vices. Curiosity properly so-called, on the other hand, is inspired by a genuinelove of knowledge. You may see this impulse, in a moderately pure form, at work in a cat that has been brought to a strange room and proceeds to smell every comer and every piece of furniture. You will see it also in children who are passionately interested when a drawer or cupboard, usually closed, is open for their inspection. Animals, machines, thunderstorms, and all forms of manual work arouse the curiosity of children, whose thirst for knowledge puts the most intelligent adult to shame. This impulse grows weaker with-advancing years until at last what is unfamiliar inspires only disgust, with no desire for a closer acquaintance. This is the stage at which people announce that "things are not what they were in my young days". The thing that is not the same as it was in that far-off time is the speaker's curiosity. And with the death of curiosity, we may reckon that active intelligence,also, has died. But although curiosity lessens in intensity and in extent after childhood, it may for a long time improve in quality. Curiosity about general propositions shows a higher level of intelligence than does curiosity about particular facts. Broadly speaking, the higher the order of generality, the greater is the intelligence involved. Curiosity dissociated from personal advantage shows a higher development than does curiosity connected, say, with a chance of food. The cat that sniffs in a new room is not a wholly disinterested scientific inquirer but probably also wants to find out whether there are mice about. Perhaps it is not quite correct to say that curiosity is best when it is disinterested but rather that it is best when the connection with other interests is not direct and obvious, but discoverable only by means of a certain degree of intelligence.(2)The reason why people announce that "things are not what they were in my young days" is that their _____________is not the same as before.(3)Since when does curiosity begin to lessen in intensity and extent but improve in quality?(4)Compared with curiosity about general propositions, curiosity about particular facts shows a_______________level of intelligence.(5)According to the author, curiosity is probably best when its connection with other interests is__________________only by means of intelligence.Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Section Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B],C．and [D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions {TSE} are based on the following passage.Millions of U.S. college students will have to shoulder more of the cost of their education under federal rules imposed late last month through a bureaucratic (官僚政治的)adjustment requiring neither Congressional approval nor public comment of any kind. The changes, only a slight alteration in the formula governing financial aid, are expected to diminish the government's contribution to higher education by hundreds of millions of dollars, starting in the autumn of 2004. But they will also have a ripple effect across almost every level of financial aid, shrinking the pool of students who qualify for federal awards, tightening access to billions of dollars in state and institutional grants, and heightening the reliance on loans to pay for college. How much more money this may require of students and their parents will vary widely,changing with each family's set of circumstances. Some families may be expected to pay an extra $100 or less each year, while others may owe well over $1,000 more. While many college administrators characterized the change as a backdoor way to cut education spending, without public discussion, the Department of Education said it was simply executing its responsibilities under federal law. Whether furnished by colleges, states or the federal government, the vast majority of the nation's $90 billion in financial aid is dictated by a single, intricate equation known as the federal need analysis. Its purpose is to make out how much of a family's income is truly discretionary ( 自由支配的) and therefore fair game for coveting college expenses. Much like the federal income tax, the formula allows families to deduct some of what they pay in state and local taxes. But, this tax, the formula allows families to deduct some of what they pay in state and local taxes. But, this year, the department significantly reduced that amount, in some cases cutting it in half. On paper, at least, that leaves families with more money left over to pay for college, even though state and local taxes have gone up over the last year, not down. In the 2004-2005 academic year, when the changes first take effect, parents who earn $50,000 a year may be expected to contribute $700 or so beyond what they are .already paying, according to an independent analysis conducted by a consulting firm that helps universities set enrollment and aid. Those earning about $25,000 may owe only an extra $165 or less, while families earning $80,000 could be expected to pay an additional $1,100 or more.(2)According to the passage, some have criticized the changes because they________________A. ignore local and state taxesB. were not discussed in publicC. are not in accordance with federal lawD. leave many families unable to pay for college(3)The purpose of the federal needs analysis is to determine_______________A. whether a family is on financial aidB. how much of a family's income is discretionaryC. whether or not a family is below the poverty lineD. how much families should pay in state and local taxes(4)The author's attitude towards changes in the financial aid to higher education by government is_____________A. positiveB. indifferentC. criticalD. neutral(5)According to the passage, the rule changes are likely to____________A. provide $90 billion in financial aidB. cost each family an average of $1,000 per yearC. have a ripple effect across federal income taxesD. lower the amount of financial aid provided by the government(6)Passage TwoQuestions{TSE}are based on the following passage,UN officials pledged Thursday to bridge the world's digital divide, bringing computers and Internet training to poorer countries before they fall further behind in technology and wealth. The Digital Service Corps initiative expands on a University of Pennsylvania pilot that sent three professors and 27 students to the West African country of Mali last spring. Four countries will be selected for visits in December.In partnering with the private Global Technology Organization, the UN Office for Projects Services wants to reduce the gap separating nations with good technology from those without. "There are more Web sites originating here in New York than in all of Africa," said Reinhart Helmke, Executive Director of the UN agency, "There are more Web sites originating in Finland than in all of Latin America and the Caribbean. " Helmke said the digital divide would be better described as a digital chasm. He said the global economy cannot be sustained if some countries are left out.Neysan Rassekh, founder and president of Global Technology Organization, vowed to tackle the problem "country by country, town by town, citizen by citizen. The initiative carries no funding, however. The UN projects .office, as a self-financing agency with a limited budget, will provide only management know-how. Rassekh's group, which organized the University of Pennsylvania group, plans to solicit (恳求) cash and equipment donations. For the Mali project,the university paid airfare and other expenses through fees that students pay to receive academic credit.Eliminating the global divide won't be easy.- Persuading foreign governments to buy computers instead of food can be tough, even though technology can reduce poverty and hunger in the long run, said Hafidh Chaibi, who promotes global access through the World of Knowledge Foundation in Orlando, Fla. Ernest Wilson, an international development specialist at the University of Maryland, said his research found information technology growing by 18 percent a year in developing countries, compared with 23 percent in industrialized nations. That means the gap continues to grow despite improvements through programs from the United Nations, the World Bank, the Markle Foundation and Other organizations.The UN announcement came as world leaders met at the UN Millennium Summit to discuss such challenges as peace, disarmament and access to new technology. Over four weeks in May and June, the University of Pennsylvania volunteers set up four computer centers in Mali and trained 120 residents, mostly students and educators who' could then teach others. Organizers are also setting up a Web site to help residents obtain information on education and health, The UN agency and its private partner plan to replicate that effort in 10 to 12 countries a year.{TS} The "digital divide" as is used in the first passage refe(7)We learn from the passage that the Digital Service Corps initiative ____________A. was originated by some university professors and studentsB. will be made possible by cash and equipment donationsC. will be made to work with the fees paid by students who participateD. will be funded by the United Nations and some financial agencies(8)It is difficult to narrow down the present digital divide because ___________A. leaders of poor countries have no development plan for their countriesB. poor countries have no money to buy computers and the Internet equipmentC. the poor country invest less on computer than on foodD. world leaders are more concerned about such challenges as peace or disarmament(9)In the last sentence of the passage "its private partner" refers to ___________A. the UN Office for Projects ServicesB. the University of PennsylvaniaC. Global Technology OrganizationD. the UN Millennium Summit(10)What Helmke said means that____________A. sustainable development is important to both poor and rich countriesB. rich countries should help poor countries to create more Web sitesC. rich countries should help poor countries to develop their economyD. measures should be taken to bridge the world's digital dividePart V Error Correction (15 minutes)(1)Direetions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and out the corrections in the blanks provided, if you change a word,cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put at insertion mark (/1) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods.(1). time/times/period_ Many of the arguments having used for the study of literature(2). /_______as a school subject are valid for/l study of 'television.(3). theBritain almost more than any other countries in the world mustseriously face the problem of building downwards, that is to say, of1_______accommodating a considerable proportion of its population in highblocks of flats. It is said that the English man objects againstthis type 2._______of existence, but if the case is such, he does in the fact differ from 3._______the inhabitants of most countries of the world today. In the past ourown blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups, and they had lacked the obvious provisions, such as central heating, 4._______constant hot water supply, electrically-operated lifts from top to bottom, as well as such details as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages in the ground floor, playgroundsfor children on the top of the buildings, drying grounds for washing.5_______It is likely that the dispute regarding flats versus individual houseswill continue to rage for a long time as far as Britain is concerning.6._______And it is fortunate that there should be hot feelings on both sides7._______whenever this subject is raised. Those who oppose the building offlats base their case primarily in the assumption that everyone prefers8._______an individual home and garden and on the high cost per unit ofaccommodation. The latter ignores the higher cost of providing fullservices to a scattered community and the cost in either money and9. _______time of the journeys to work for the urban resident.10._______Part ⅥTranslation (5 minute)(1)Over a third of the population was estimated _________( 没有机会享受医疗保健服务)(2)Surrounded by the police, the kidnappers___________( 没有选择，只能当场投降）(3)The customer complained that___________(他刚启动这台计算机) than it stopped working.(4)The father thought he could ______________(说服女儿改变决定)(5)The government was accused____________ (没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺)答案和解析Part I Writing (30mintes)(1) :【审题】本题要求写一篇议论文，属观点对比型作文。

2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(4)-中大网校

2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(4)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分Part I Writing (30mintes)(1)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic A Job．searching Experience．You should write at least l50 words according to the outline given below in Chinese：1．介绍得到这次求职信息的途径2．叙述这次求职经历的全过程3．谈谈你对这次经历的感受或体会A Job-searching ExperiencePart II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Directions：In this part，you will have l5 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet l．For questions l—4，mark Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage；N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage；NG(for Not GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage。

09年6月英语六级作文预测(3)

预测作文3Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Cyber Crimes. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1)随着互联网的普及和应用，网络犯罪开始摆在世人面前2)应该如何来打击和预防网络犯罪越来越成为人们必须要解决的一个难题3)作为大学生，你应该怎么做?【思路点拨】本题属于提纲式文字命题。

提纲第1点提出一个问题，提纲第2点指出解决该问题的紧迫性，提纲第3点要求谈谈大学生应该如何应对该问题，由此可判断本文应为问题解决型作文。

根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述网络犯罪出现的背景及问题现状;指出解决网络犯罪问题的紧迫型，说明解决办法;从大学生的角度谈谈应该如何应对网络犯罪。

【参考范文】Cyber CrimesWith the popularization of Internet, cyber crimes have become a serious problem facing us. Nowadays cyber criminals seem to be everywhere on the Internet. To illustrate, some commit fraud or lift intellectual property, others snatch passwords or disrupt e-commerce, and still others unleash viruses to crash computers. As a result, these crimes destroy network security greatly and make computer users suffer great losses。

2009年6月CET-6答案

快速阅读：1. B) enjoyed having the independence2. A) hinders their healthy growth3. D) somewhat mixed responses4. A) promote sensible promoting5. B) is much safer than before6. C) their fear is amplified by media exposure of crime7. D) their maturity and personal qualities8. unsafe situation9. anxiety10. every moment听力：Section A 短对话11. D) Fred may have borrowed a sleeping bag from someone else.12. B) It will cool down over the weekend.13. C) Hosting a TV program.14. D) The plants should be put in a shady spot.15. C) Go to bed early.16. B) She has learned to appreciate modern sculptures.17. A)They seem satisfied with what they have done18. A)The man shouldn't hesitate to take the course.长对话19 B）Domestic issues of general social concern.20 D）Based on public expectation and ...21 D) Professional qualification22 A）Their average life span was less than 5023 C）learn to use now technology.24 D)When all people become wealthier25 C）Control environment短文听力26. B)27 .A)28. C)29 .B)30. B)31. A)32. C)33. D)34 .A)35. D)36. tongue 37. official 38. administration 39 commerce40 spread 41 disadvantaged 42 confidence 43 investigate44. come to understand how it is used as a symbol of both individual identity and social connection45. infants born into English-speaking communities acquire their language before they learn to use folks and knives46. You are encourage to develop your own individual responses to various practical and theoretical issues47．From TV and fashion magazines.48. eating disorders49. impossibly proportioned50. three years51. make money仔细阅读52 B) efforts have been made to protect turtles from dying out.53 D) The turtle's population has decreased in spite of human protection54 B) Unregulated commercial fishing55 A) It threatens the sandy beaches on which they lay eggs.56 C) call for effective measures to ensure sea turtle's survival.57 C) College education is rewarding in spite of the starting costs.58 D) The gap between the earnings of college and high-school graduates narrowed59 A）save more on tuition.60 D）consider college education a consumer product61 B）A satisfying experience with their budgets完型填空62. C63. B64. D65. A66. D67. B68. C69. A 70. C71. B72. A73. D74. C75. B76. A77. D78. D79. C80. B81. A翻译82. him out of buying a car83. Keeping a sense of humor helps84. he had no choice but to confess the crime he had committed85. there must be someone who is speaking ill of them86. it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream。

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2009年英语六级(CET-6)考试新题型预测试卷(7)总分：100分及格：60分考试时间：120分Part I Writing (30mintes)(1)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities ? You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:1.住房问题在大城市变得越来越严重2.住房问题产生原因及给城市带来的影响 3. 建设一个解决办法(如：多造高层建筑；向地下卫星城市；疏散城市人口等)How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities?Part II Reading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A] ,[B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8 - 10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. KOALA Many people love the cute koala bear. This animal has been made into stuffed toys all over the world. But it is rare to see this creature alive and moving, because it's gradually becoming extinct. The koala, like the kangaroo, is actually a marsupial (an animal which carries its babies in a pocket of skin on its body). It contains a small pouch for its young. For this reason, the koala is not related to true bears. In appearance, it is a combination of a monkey and a kangaroo. Koala is native to Australia, although they are now chiefly found in New South Wales and Queensland. The koala has been hunted since the middle of 20th century for fur and food. Today, anyone found harming a koala is severely punished by law.Koalas get their endearing appearance from a covering of gray fur and little tufts of white hair on the sides of their faces. Their eyes are small and black, set in their head. They have large ears and curved noses, but not tail. They use their arms and paws to climb through the trees. Koalas have interesting living habits. They are nocturnal, which means that they move around chiefly at night. Koalas do not stay on the ground. They move from tree to tree, carefully lowering and raising themselves by their paws. Koalas have a surprisingly long life span, which can range from 9 to 20 years, in rare cases.The koala is the only mammal, other than the Greater Glider and Ringtail Possum, which can survive on a diet of eucalyptus leaves. Eucalyptus leaves are very fibrous and low in nutrition, and to most animals are extremely poisonous. To cope with such a diet, nature has equipped koalas with specialized adaptations. A very slow metabolic rate allows koalas to retain food within their digestive system for a relatively long period of time, maximizing the amount of energy able to be extracted. At the same time, this slow metabolic rate minimizes energy requirements. Koalas also sleep somewhere between 18 and 22 hours each day in order to conserve energy. Koalas eat only the leaves of the eucalyptus, which is another reason that they are now becoming extinct. The eucalyptus tree is disappearing from their natural habitats, fighting a battle against extinction all its own.The koala's worst enemy, besides hunters, is fire. When a tree is inflamed, often they cannot run fastenough to save themselves. Baby koalas are in danger around certain kinds of lizards and eagles, although they are protected today by natural habitats set up for them. It is interesting to note that many koalas die from being hit by cars, and some are even attacked by dogs! Their main form of(2)Koalas are often seen actively________A. at nightB. during the dayC. on the groundD. climbing trees(3)Which of the following is true about eucalyptus leaves?A. They are extremely poisonous to all mammalB. They are only eaten by koalaC. They are getting rarer and rareD. They are low in fibr(4)Koalas can only stay awake for_____________A. 18 hours a dayB. between 2 and 6 hours a dayC. between 2 and 6 hours a weekD. between 18 and 22 hours a week(5)What does happen after a young koala's brain is fully developed?A. It begins to turn in the pouch and kicB. It emerges outside its poucC. It is independent of its motheD. It begins to live in trees alon(6)To save koalas, what do people have to do?A. To save eucalyptuB. To grow koalas in zooC. To ban hunting koalaD. To lengthen their life-spa(7)After nine months a baby" koala______A. lays in the mother's pouchB. has a head larger than its bodyC. does not need its motherD. has fully-formed teethReading Comprehension (15 minutes)(1)People who cut down eucalyptus trees are _______to koalas.(2)Foreign__________ in its environment are a great problem for koalas.(3)Hunting and forest fires kill off many koalas but now their number one threat is _________. Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 12 to 21 are based on the following passage.It's a 12 often requested in lonely hearts ads and scientists have now shown that a good sense of humor is 13 for women, but not men, in choosing a romantic partner. A woman is even willing to 14 other shortcomings in a man if he can make her laugh, researchers said on Tuesday." Our results suggest that humor can 15 affect desirability as a relationship partner but this effect is most likely to occur when men use humor and are 16 by women," said Eric Bressler, of Westfield State College in Massachusetts.Bressler and Sigal Balshine, of McMaster University in Ontario, Canada, demonstrated in an experiment that a good sense of humor -- G.S.O.H. as it appears in personal ads -- does make a 17 They showed groups of women pictures of two equally 18 men and presented autobiographical statements that were either funny or serious. After 19 the experiment and showing groups of men photographs of two women, they asked both sexes to select who they would choose as a romantic partner. The humorous people were seen as more socially adept but less trustworthy, honest and intelligent. Men did not select the funny person but women did."Women chose funny men as relationship partners despite often 20 them as less honest and intelligent," the researchers said in the study published in the journal Evolution and Human Behavior. Funny men were preferred even if their humor was 21 , the researchers added.A．difference F．unimportant K．positivelyB．evaluated G．rehearsaling L．reversingC．rating H．attractive M．minorlyD．unsophisticated I．important N．overlookE．trait J．overtake O．chasing(2)选：________(3)选：_________(4)选：___________(5)Our results suggest that humor can 15(6)as it appears in personal ads -- does make a 17(7)They showed groups of women pictures of two equally 18(8)选：_____________(9)选：__________(10)选：____________Part IV Reading Comprehension Reading in Depth (35 minutes)(1)Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements, For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Many now have been breathing hot flames at our industry and so I thought it would be time to say my piece this week, after all, we in the business cannot deny that it has been a rough spring for newspaper, editors and reporters. Ethical scandals great and small have soiled newsrooms from coast to coast. Everyone knows about the profound deceits of Jayson Blair at The New York Times, and the "Writergate" controversy involving Rick Bragg, which led to the departure of the two top editors at the paper. Other misdeeds have ranged from two reporters at. The Salt Lake Tribune selling information to The National Enquirer, to a food writter for The Hartford Courant fired for plagiarizing recipes. Are newspaper standards going to pot?Some say ethics are worse than ever or are they? The past is filled with people running photos of wrestlers in the sports section in exchange for money. In fact, ethical breaches may beless of a problem than 20 years ago. A lot of newspapers are cutting corners, but the standards in the business have improved. There were things going on in the past -- such as reporterswriting speeches for politicians they covered and taking bribes from lobbyists -- but people back then were quietly moved out or they left on their own. There was no public display.The industry as a whole is in trouble because, due to media concentration, people at the top,are taking out too much money and driving the profits up. The perception is that the real customers are not those who read the paper but those who buy the stock, which damages the profession.Some of this is about resource pressure. Copydesks are overloaded and there is not enough time and more reporters are having to report by phone. The larger the size of newspapers, the less communication between divisions there tends to be. Reporters don't climb the stairs anymore, they are highly-trained people who sit in their offices and write term papers and won't sully themselves going to a greasy housing project or stand out in the rain for a few hours. The economics of journalism along with technological changes has created an atmosphere of trying to get enormous amounts of information as rapidly as possible. The important thing is to make sure that the ownership understands the value of a news organization with integrity and every paper needs to slow down and remind ourselves that we have nothing to sell if the readers don't believe us.(2)There is large concentration of ownership today ________A. although competition among them has increasedB. so the quality standards from them have declinedC. and this means that the qualifications of reporters is decliningD. but the standards among newsrooms has improved over the years(3)Technology has meant more information is available at a faster speed ________A. but this creates pressures on newsrooms to control itB. and this has meant that newsrooms can improve its qualityC. but there needs to be more reflection on the integrity of the processD. and this has created division among the various departments in a newspaper(4)Who are the kinds of reporters the writer seems to admire most?A. Reporters who'know how to sift through a lot of informatioB. Reporters who are willing to sacrifice to chase after a story,C. Reporters who won't sully themselves,D. Reporters who are highly-traine(5)The passage is most likely part of a________A. news articleB. columnC. research reportD. preface(6)Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.For anyone who is set on a career in fashion it is not enough to have succeeded in college. The real test is whether they can survive and become established during their early 20s, making a name for themselves in the real world where business skills can count for as much as flair and creativity.Fashion is a hard business. There is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant breakneck speed to prepare for the next season's collections. It is extremely competitive and there is the constant need to cultivate good coverage in newspapers and magazines. It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is insatiable (不知足的). "We try to warn people before they come to us about how tough it is", says Lydia Kemeny, the Head of Fashion at St. Martin's School of Art in London, "and we point out that drive and determination are essential. "This may seem far removed from the popular image of trendy and dilettante ( 业余爱好的) young people spending their time designing pretty dresses. That may well be what they do in their first year of study but a good college won't be slow in introducing students to commercial realities. "We don't stamp on the blossoming flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the constraints of price, manufacturability, marketing and so on. "Almost all fashion design is done to a brief. It is not a form of self, expression as" such, although there is certainly room for imagination and innovation. Most young designers are going to end up as employees of a manufacturer or fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style of their employer. Even those students who are most avant-garde (前卫的) in their own taste of clothes and image may need to adapt to produce designs which are right for the mainstream Marks and Spencer type of market. They also have to be able to work at both the exclusively expensive and the cheap end of the market and the challenge to produce good design inexpensively may well be more demanding than where money is no object.{TS}To be successful as a fashion designer in the real world you must_________A. have excellent academic qualificationsB. be able to handle business problemsC. be well established before you are 20D. have taken an intensive commercial course(7)According to Paragraph 2, all fashion designers should expect to__________A. cope with continual fatigueB. make a rapid turnoverC. work without remissionD. face tough competition(8)In fashion design one of the most important factors is to________A. satisfy excessive demandsB. maintain good press contactsC. make instant decisionsD. cultivate public taste(9)Ultimately, many young designers have to___________A. work for department storesB. retain their personal taste in fashionC. conform to a certain imageD. repress their creativity(10)The views on fashion design expressed in this passage__________A. present an encouraging pictureB. contain some innovative ideasC. dispel some common illusionsD. discount the creative elementPart V Error Correction (15 minutes)(1)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A], B], C．and (D．on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.The benefits to citizens of modern industrial society may have peaked sometime in recent decades, and increasingly, we are paying the 32 of pollution of our own nest. In a (n) 33 world, everyone would seek personal health, 69 at the same time would strive to 34 planet health. Smart people realize that no personal benefits will 35 long in a world that is ailing and polluted. The really sad part of our current predicament is 36 all the fight ideas have been around for decades and have been clearly 37 in many forms by a host of intelligent people. The right ideas involve unselfish and compassionate behavior.They include long-term planning, conservation and a deep 38 to preserve the natural world. 39 a healthy natural environment, there will be few or no healthy humans. I have been seeing more and more patients who want to flee from city life, air pollution, and 40 illnesses which they having been 41 comes from polluted 42 and bad food. One professional man, " for43 , explained that he and his wife had moved to a suburban community and had to 44 a long way to work over the past 20 years -- they went to separate 81 and drove two cars. They were driving to a city that grew out to meet them. The population tripled. When they started commuting, the journey 45 less than 30 minutes; 20 years later, the trip46 way was 60 minutes on; 47 , when the trafficwas bad, they each spent 90minutes or 48 in the car one-way. Both had become 49 ill. Both decided they would move to a small town and never commute again.{TS}A. penaltiesB. obligationsC. paymentsD. revenues(2){TS}A. virtualB. disappointedC. idealD. polluted(3){TS}A. alsoB. butC. soD. then(4){TS}A. restoreB. resumeC. refreshD. revise(5){TS}A. endureB. surviveC. retainD. maintain(6){TS}A. whatB. whichC. thatD. when(7){TS}A. inferredB. interpretedC. explainedD. expressedA. assignmentB. commitmentC. burdenD. responsibility(9){TS}(10){TS}A. perpetualB. permanentC. chronicD. sustained(11){TS}(12){TS}A. surroundingB. environmentC. circumstanceD. D setting(13){TS}A. shortB. sureC. certainD. example(14){TS}A. travelB. rideC. commuteD. ferry(15){TS}A. spentB. tookC. costD. extended(17){TS}A. neitherB. someC. everyD. each(18){TS}A. seldomB. rarelyC. sometimesD. usually(19){TS}A. moreB. muchC. lessD. shorter(20){TS}A. impressivelyB. progressivelyC. extensivelyD. excessivelyPart ⅥTranslation (5 minute)(1)He is determined to contest the next election even though he knows he may_________(冒落选的危险)。

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