大学英语四级阅读理解训练(二)
2022年大学英语四级阅读理解训练
大学英语四级阅读理解训练（一）Classified advertising is that advertising which is grouped in c ertain sections of the paper and is thus distinguished from dis play advertising. Such groupings as “Help Wanted”, “Real Estate”, “Lost and Found” are made, the rate charged b eing less than for display advertising. Classified advertisemen ts are a convenience to the reader and a saving to the adv ertiser.The reader who is interested in a particular kind of advertise ment finds alladvertisements of that type grouped for him. Theadvertisers may, on this account, use a very small advertisement if it wer e placed among larger advertisements in the paper. Itis evi dent that the reader approaches the classified advertiseme nt in a different frame of mind from that in which he approac hes the other advertisements in the paper. He turns to a pag e of classified advertisements to search for the particular advertisement that will meet his needs. As his attention is volu ntary, the advertiser does not need to rely too much extent o n display type to get the reader’s attention. Formerly all cla ssified advertisements were of the same size and did not hav e display type. With the increase in the number of such advertisements, however, each advertiser within a certain group is competing with others in the same group for thereader’s a ttention. In many cases, the result has been an increase in th e size of the space used and the addition of headlines and p ictures. In that way, the classified advertisement has in reality advertisement. This is particularly true of real estate advertisi ng?1.A ll of the following facts are advantages of classified adve rtisement for advertisers EXCEPT that .A)classified advertisement charges less moneyB)it is easier to attract the attention of the targetconsumersC)it provides more information for the readers D) itdoes not have to rely too much on display type2.O ne of the examples given of types of classified advertise ment is A) houses for saleB) people who are asking for help C) people who are lost D) j ob vacancies3.W hat sort of attitude do people have when they look atcl assified advertisement, according to the writer?A) They are in the frame of mind to buy anything. B) They are looking for something they need.C)They feel lost because there are so many advertisements.D)They feel the same as when they look at display advertise ments.4．According to the passage, in which way have the classifi ed advertisements changed nowadays?A) They depend more on display type. B) More money is cha rged for them. C) They are divided into more groups. D) They are less formal.5． Why have classified advertisements changed in appeara nce? A) Because people no longer want headlines and pict ures. B) Because real estate advertising is particularly truthful now.C)Because the increase in the number of such advertisements means they have to be small now.D)Because there are more advertisements now and more c ompetition among advertisers.答案与解析： 1. C分类广告旳优越性不包括为读者提供更多旳信息。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(最后+答案) (3)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）Courses with the numbers800or above are open only to graduate students.Certain courses,generally those devoted to introductory material,are numbered400for undergraduate students and600for graduate students.Courses designed for students seeking a professional degree carry a500number for undergraduate students and a700munber for graduate students.A full-time graduate student is expected to take courses which total ten to sixteen credit hours.Students holding assistantships are expected to enroll for proportionately fewer hours.A part-time graduate student must register for a minimun of five credit hours.1.In order to be eligible to enroll in Mechanical Engineering850,a student must be______.A.a graduate studentB.a part-time studentC.a full-time studentD.an undergraduate student2.If an undergraduate student uses the number520to register for an accounting course,what number would a graduate student probably use to register for the same course?A.accounting520B.accounting620C.accounting720D.accounting8203.A student who register for eight credit hours is a______.A.full-time studentB.graduate studentC.part-time studentD.non-degree student4.A graduate student may not_____A.enroll in a course numbered610B.register for only one three-hour courseC.register for courses if he has an assistantshipD.enroll in an introductory course阅读理解（二）The accuracy of cientific observations and calculations is always at the mercy of the scientist's timekeeping methods.For this reason,scientists are interested in devices that give promise of more precise timekeeping. In their search for precision,scientists have turned to atomic clocks that depend on various vibrating atoms or molecules to supply their "ticking".This is possible because each kind of atom or molecule has its own characteristic rate of vibration.The nitrogen atom in ammonia, for example,vibrates or"ticks"24billion times a seconD.One such atomic clock is so accurate that it will probaly lose no more than a second in3000years.It will be of great improtance in fields such as astronomical is a sesium atom that vibrates9.2billion times a second when heated to the temperature of boiling water.An atomic clock that operates with an ammonia molecue may be used to check the accuracy ofpredictions based on Einstein's relativity theories,according to which a clock in motion and a clock at rest should keep time differently.Placed in an orbiting satellite moving at a speed of18000miles an hour,the clock could broadcast its time readings to a ground station,where they would be compared with the readings on a similar model.Whatever differences develop would be checked against the differences predicteD.1.Scientists expect that the atomic clocks will be______.A.more preciseB.absolutely accurateC.more durableD.indestructible2.The heart of the atomichron is_______.A.acesium atomB.an ammonia moleculeC.a nitrogen atomD.a hydrogen3.From theselection,we may assume that temperature changes_______.A.affect only ammonia moleculesB.may affect the vibration rate of atomsC.affect the speed at which atoms travelD.do not affect atoms in any way4.Identical atomic clocks may be used to check______.A.the effect of outer space on an atomic clockB.the actual speed of an orbiting sateliteC.the accuacy of predictions based on theories of relativityD.all of Einstein's theories5.Implied but not stated:_______.A.Precise timekeeping is essential in scienceB.Scientists expect to disprove Einstein's relativity theoriesC.Atomic clocks will be important in space flightD.The rate of vibration of an atom never varies二、完型填空完型填空（一）Exercise is good for you,but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly.1when you try,you can runsintostrouble.Many people2that when specific muscles are exercised,the fat in the neighbouring area is“3up”.Yet the4is that exercise burns fat from all over5.Studies show muscles which are not6lose their strength very quickly.To regain it needs48to72hours and exercise every other day will7a normal level of physical strength.To8weight you should always “work up a good sweat”when exercising.9sweating only10body temperature to prevent over heating.This is11water loss.12You replace the liquid,you replace the13.Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise.It helps the circulation of blood14the body,and has a direct 15on your overall feeling of health.Experience says that20minutes’1617is minimun amount.18your breathing doesn’t return to normal state within minutes after you finish19,you’ve done20.1.A.While B.When C.As D.So2.A.understand B.believe C.hope D.know3.A.built B.burned C.piled D.grown4.A.reply B.possiblility C.truth D.reason5.A.arm B.leg C.stomach D.body6.A.exercised B.examined C.protected D.cured7.A.lose B.raise C.burn D.keep8.A.lose B.gain C.keep D.burn9.A.Certainly B.No C.Fortunately D.Probably10.A.raises B.reduces C.destroys D.keeps up11.A.how B.why C.nothing but D.more than12.A.While B.Once C.As D.Whenever13.A.weight B.muscle C.sweat D.strength14.A.over B.around C.throughout D.with15.A.effect e age D.affectcation B.sleep C.exercise D.rest17.A.one day B.a day C.everyday D.someday18.A.But if B.But C.If D.And if19.A.working B.walking C.exercising D.breathing20.A.enough B.much C.too much D.much too完型填空（二）Have you ever wondered what our future is like?Practically all people _1_a desire to predict their future_2_.Most people seem inclined to_3_ this task using causal reasoning.First we_4_recognize that futurecircumstances are_5_caused or conditioned by present ones.We learn that getting an education will_6_how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy_7_with ashark.Second,people also learn that such_8_of cause and effect are probabilistic(可能的)in nature.Thatis,the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are_9_,butnotalways.Thus,students learn that studying hard_10_good grades in most instances,but not everytime.Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more_11_and provides techniques fordealing _12_then more accurately than does causal human inquiry.In looking at ordinary humaninquiry,we need to_13_between prediction and understanding.Often,even if we don't understandwhy,we are willing to act _14_the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability.Whatever the primitivedrives_15_motivate human beings,satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to_16_futurecircumstances.The attempt to predict is often played in a_17_of knowledge and understanding.If youcan understand why certain regular patterns_18_,you can predict better than if you simply observe thosepatterns.Thus,human inquiry aims_19_ answering both"what"and"why"question,and we pursue these_20_by observing and figuring out.1.[A]exhibit[B]exaggerate[C]examine[D]exceed2.[A]contexts[B]circumstances[C]inspections[D]intuitions3.[A]underestimate[B]undermine[C]undertake[D]undergo4.[A]specially[B]particularly[C]always[D]generally5.[A]somehow[B]somebody[C]someone[D]something6.[A]enact[B]affect[C]reflect[D]inflect7.[A]meeting[B]occurrence[C]encounter[D]contact8.[A]patterns[B]designs[C]arrangements[D]pictures9.[A]disappointde[B]absent[C]inadequate[D]absolute10.[A]creates[B]produces[C]loses[D]protects11.[A]obscure[B]indistinct[C]explicit[D]explosive12.[A]for[B]at[C]in[D]with13.[A]distinguish[B]distinct[C]distort[D]distract14.[A]at[B]on[C]to[D]under15.[A]why[B]how[C]that[D]where16.[A]predict[B]produce[C]pretend[D]precede17.[A]content[B]contact[C]contest[D]context18.[A]happen[B]occur[C]occupy[D]incur19.[A]at[B]on[C]to[D]beyond20.[A]purposes[B]ambitions[C]drives[D]goals三、翻译1、他用所有的积蓄为儿子买了一辆自行车。
大学英语英语四级(答案) (2)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. Here are some books by Agatha Christie. You can read ______ you like.A. whichever oneB. whoseC. whatever oneD. what2. Groceries are expensive. Each time I go shopping I seem ______ more.A. spendingB. be spendingC. to spendingD. to be spending3. The weather may not be find tomorrow, in ______ case we’ll have to put the trip off.A. thisB whichC. thatD. whose4. It is not until 1997 ______ their sovereign rights over Hong Kong.A. will the Chinese people resumeB. the Chinese people will resumeC. that the Chinese people will resumeD. that will the Chinese people resume5. I didn’t actually see them ______ the safe, but I heard them ______ about that.A. open, talkB. to open, talkC. open, talkingD. to open, talking6. Passengers may leave bulky articles under the stairs ______ the conductor'spermission.A. atB. withC. onD. in7. You won't get in _____ the end of the act.A. tillB. atC. byD. in8. He said he was in debt and asked me for a loan ______ $50.A. onB. forC. withD. of9. What tremendous achievements we have made _______ all fronts in the past few years!A. inB. onC. atD. of10. John is unfortunately devoid _______ a sense of humour.A. withB. ofC. toD. from11. She couldn't bear _____ fun of like that.A. MadeB. being makingC. being madeD. making12. He has been hoping for a rise in salary for a year but he _____ ask for it yet.A. daren'tB. doesn't dareC. hadn't daredD. won't dare13. With the curtains _____, the room was dark.A. drewB. were drawnC. drawingD. drawn14. Excuse me for breaking in,___ I have some news for You.A. soB. andC. butD. yet15. There is no ___ that a lot of damage has been done by the typhoon sweeping across the city.A. ideaB. doubtC. hopeD. uncertainty16. A NASA experimental jet, the X-43A, flew at a world-record speed----11,260 kilometres an hour on November 17. Its speed is ___ as sound.A. as ten times fastB. ten times as fastC. fast as ten timesD. so fast ten times17. The fact saddened all the fans ____ their beloved team lost the championship.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. until18. If ___, he promised that he would do all he could to promote public welfare.A. electedB. being electedC. having electedD. to be elected19.--i introduce myself? My name is Meg Johnson.( )Nice to meet you, Mr. Johnson.A. Must isB. ShouldC. Need netD. Mays20.The boss made them.___ten hours day. ( )A.worked toB.workingC.workD.to work二、翻译（共计15分）1. 电影开演半小时了。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(最后+答案) (4)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world,but estimates suggest the figure is over 450million. The number of disabled people in India alone is probably more than double the total population of Canad A. In the united Kingdom,about one in ten people have somedisability.Disability is not just something tht happens to other people:as we get older,many of us will become less mobile,hard of hearing or have failing eyesight. Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life.Some people are born with disabilities.Many others become disabled as they get older.There are many progressive disabling diseases.The longer time goes on,the worse they become.Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness.All are affected by people's attitude towards them. Disabled people face many physical barriers.Next time you go shopping or to work or visit friends,imagine how you would manage if you could not get up steps,or on to buses and trains.How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers:prejudice can be even harder to break down and ignorance inevitably represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fuly appreciate what the severely disabled go through,so it is important to draw attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability,not theirdisability,which counts.1.The first paragraph points out that______.A.there are many disabled people in the worldB.the number of disabled people in India is the greatestC.India has much more disabled people that CanadaD.it is impossible to get an exact figure of the world's disabled people2.The key word in paragraph 4 is _____.A.disabilityB.ignoranceC.prejudiceD.barriers3.The last word of the "counts" most probably means_____.A.is most importantB.is consideredC.is includedD.is numbered4.Which of the following statements is not true?A.even the able-bodied many lose some of their body functions when they get older.B.there are about 10 percent disabled persons in the UK.C.the whole society should pay due attention to the barriers faced by the disabled peopleD.there still exists prejudice against the disabled which results mainly from ignorance5.It can be concluded from the that____.A.we should try our best to prevent disablementB.both physical and metal barriers are hard to break downC.we just take a proper attitude towards the disabledD.the able-bodies people will never fully understand the disabled 30/200 阅读理解（二）Flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes. After an hour's flight one of the scientists wrote in his book, 'Look here for probable metal' Scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain region,sent a message to other scientists on the ground,'Gold possible.' Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported,'This ground should be searched for metals.' From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word,'Uranium'. None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no magic powers for looking down below the earth's surface. They were merely putting to use one of the newest methods of location minerals in the ground---using trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on which the trees and plants are growing. This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may affect the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface.At Watson Bar Creek, a brook six thousand feet high in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada,a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds. Boxed were filled with small banches from te trees. Roots were dug and put into boxes. Each bag and box was carefully markeD. In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested .Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it. Study of the roots , branches,and seeds showed no silver. But there were small amounts of gold in the roots and a little less gold in the branches and seeds. The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches. If the trees had not indicated that there was gold in the ground, the scientists would not have spent money to pay for digginginto the deeper. They did dig and found more fold below. They dug deeper. They found large quantities of gold.1.Scientists were flying over a desert or hilly wasteland or a mountain region in order to search for _____ in the ground.A.goldB.silverC.metalsD.minerals2.The study of trees,branches and roots indicates that_______.A.there were larger amounts of gold in the branches than in the seeds.B.there were small amounts of gold in the roots than in the branchesC.there were larger amounts of gold in the seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk than seeds growing on the ends of branches.D.there were more gold in the branches than in the roots3.Which is the best title ?A.Scientists searching for metals with sepcial powerB.New methods of searching for mineralsC.Gold could be found by trees and plantsD.A new method of searching for minerals---using trees and plants4.Which of the following is not mentioned as part of a tree that can help find minerals?A.leavesB.rootsC.branchesD.seeds5.The scientists were searching for minerals by using ______.A.X-rayB.magic powerC.a special instrumentD.trained eyes阅读理解（三）Asked to name their favorite city, many Amerians would select San Francisco began as a small Spanish outpost located on a magnificent bay.The town was little more than a village serving ranchers when the United States tookpossession of it in 1846 during the war with Mexico. San Francisco sprang into a city overnight because of the nearby discovery of gold in 1848.A great rush to California took place.Wagon trains plodded their dangerous way across 2000 miles of prairie and mountains,while hundreds of sailing vessels made the equally hazardous trip around the Horn.The vessels disgorged thousands of passengers -- then the crews deserted teir ship and hundreds of vessels were left to rot in thebay.Within two years,California had enough population to become a state and San Francisco was for many years the hub of that newly-arrived population. The city’s present popularity is due to an excellent climate, an easy style of living ,good food,and numerous tourist attractions. The city is famous for its cable cars which "clang and bang" up the steep hills,and for its excellent seafood stals along the wharf. Most visitors arriving from nations in the Pacific Basin spend several days getting to know the town.1.According to this article, who were the first Californians?A.deserters from sailing shipsB.spanish ranchersC.gold minersD.tourists2.san francisco’s appeal includes all of the following factors____.A.attractive lifestyle,good seafood,desirable weatherB.tourist attactions,extreme seasons,cable carsC.wagon trains,gold mining,good climateD.cable cars,pleasent climate,flat terrain3.san francisco today is a thriving city because of ____.A.heavy industryernmental headquartersC.goldminingD.trade and tourism4.In waht year did California become an American state?A.1850B.1852C.1846D.1848二、完型填空完型填空（一）If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths andweaknesses. Success or (1) in your work would depend, to (2) great extent, (3) your ability to use yourstrengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. (4) the utmost importance is your attitude. A person (5)begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is (6) that he is going to ail is exhibiting aweakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure (7) his belief thathe is probably as capable (8) doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerfulattempt (9) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.(10) the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously aweakness. A book-keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw (11)hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize (12) the strength and overcome the (13) that youbring to the job of learning. But insgroupsto measure your development, you must first (14) -- stock ofswheres you stand now. (15) -- we get further along in the book, we’ll be (16) -- in some detail withspecific processes for developing and strengthening (17) -- skills. However, (18) -- begin with, youshould pause (19) -- examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical toyour success or failure in school: your (20) --, your reading and communication skills, and your studyhabits.1.A.improvement B.victory C. failure D. achievement2.A.a B.the C. some D. certain3.A.in B.on C. of D. to4.A.Out of B.Of C. To D. Into5.A.who B.what C. that D. which6.A.ensure B.certain C. sure D. surely7.A.onto B.on C. off D. in8.A.to B.at C. of D. for9.A.near B.on C. by D. at10.A.Have B.Had C. Having D. Had been11.A.being B.been C. are D. is12.A.except B.but C. for D. on13.A.idea B.weakness C. strength D. advantage14.A.make B.take C. do D. give15.A.as B.till C. over D. out16.A.deal B.dealt C. be dealt D. dealing17.A.learnt B.learned C. learning D. learn18.A.around B.to C. from D. beside19.A.to B.onto C. into D. with20.A.intelligence B.work C. attitude D. weakness完型填空（二）The rocket engine, with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm, is an impressive symbol of the new space age.Rocket engines have 1 powerful enough to shoot astronauts 2 the earth's gravitational pull and 3 them on the moon.We have now become 4 space.Impressive and complex 5 it mayappear, the rocket, which was 6 in China over 800 years 7 , is a relatively simple device.Fuel that is 8 in the rocket engine changes 9 gas.The hot and rapidly 10 gas must escape, but it can do so only 11 an opening that 12 backwar D.As the gas is 13 with great force, it 14 the rocket in the 15 direction.Like the kick of a gun 16 it is fired, it 17 the laws of nature 18 by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that“ 19 every action, there is 20 equal and opposite reaction.”1.A.shown B.been C.appeared D.proved2.A.against B.despite C.beyond D.from3.A.send nd C.take D.carry4.A.travelers B.astronauts C.researchers D.explorers5.A.that B.so C.as D.sometimes6.A.made B.discovered C.developed D.invented7.A.in advance B.before C.earlier D.ago8.A.round B.contained C.stored D.burned9.A.as B.into C.for D.the10.A.heating B.escaping C.expanding D.conducting11.A.in B.at C.by D.through12.A.turns B.goes C.faces D.directs13.A.transmitted B.dispersed C.erected D.radiated14.A.attracts B.leads C.pulls D.pushes15.A.same B.other C.opposite D.wrong16.A.that B.when C.if D.although17.A.states B.proves C.follows D.breaks18.A.described B.discussed C.considered D.made19.A.like B.as C.with D.for20.A.no B.an C.another D.theCloze三、翻译1. 电影开演半小时了。
大学英语四级(阅读)练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级（阅读）练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.Types of Climate Climate is the combination of temperature, moisture, wind, and sunshine at a place over a period of many years. Weather is made up of atmospheric conditions during a few hours or days. The weather may be rainy on a certain day. But that place may usually have a warm, dry, sunny climate. We learn about the climate of a place by studying its temperature, moisture, wind, and sunshine from season to season and year to year. Temperature and the amount of rainfall are the two most important elements of climate. Others are humidity (air moisture), cloudiness, fog, sunshine, wind, storms, and air pressure. There are many different types of climate on earth. Climates of the world can be classified according to their latitudes and the plants that grow there. Different kinds of plants need different amounts of heat and moisture for growth. The vegetation of a region tells us about temperature and rainfall conditions over a long period of time.Tropical Climates Tropical climates are found in regions between 35N and 35S latitude. In the tropical rain forest (nearest the equator) conditions are warm and rainy all year long, and there is a thick cover of trees. Places farther north and south of the equator have a tropical wet-and-dry climate. There the forests are not so dense, and many trees lose their leaves in the dry season. Along 23.5N and 23.5S latitude there are vast regions of tropical desert climate, where very little vegetation can grow.Subtropical Climates Subtropical climates are usually found between 30 and 40 North and South latitudes. The subtropical western coasts of the continents have a Mediterranean climate. Summers are hot and dry; winters are mild and wet. On the subtropical eastern coasts of continents the climate is humid subtropical. Summers are hot, and winters are mild. There is enough rainfall in all seasons for forests.Mid-latitude Climate Mid-latitude climates occur between 40 and 60 NS latitudes. Strong westerly winds blow in the mid-latitudes. The climate of the west coast of North America is mild and rainy most of the year. It helps the growth of fine timber forests. Some places in the mid-latitudes do not receive moisture because of mountain barriers or their great distances from the oceans. Humid continental climates cover large mid-latitude area in eastern parts of the continents. They are forest climates with cold winters and warm summers. Most of the rainfall comes in the summer.High-latitude Climates High-latitude climates occur from 60 to the poles, North and South. In the high latitudes it is very cold in winter and cool in summer. The short summers are warmenough for forests of evergreen trees. Greenland and Antarctica have a polar climate, where great ice caps exist because of year-round freezing.High-altitude Climates Highland climates are cooler than the surrounding lowlands because of the effects of altitude. Highland climates are found on the high mountains of the world, even on the equator. In the tropics and mid-latitudes different kinds of vegetation grow in zones up the slopes of mountains to the permanent snowfields.The Causes of Different Climates The differences in the climate from place to place are caused by climate controls. The major climate controls are latitude, altitude, land and water bodies, ocean currents, and storm centers. Latitudes make climates colder toward the north and south poles (high latitudes) than at the tropics near the equator (low altitudes). Low-latitude regions remain warm throughout the year. At higher latitudes there are greater differences between winter and summer temperatures. Altitude affects climate by lowering temperatures as the height above sea level increases. At high altitudes the air is less dense and does not absorb and hold as much heat. On the average, the temperature drops about 2 degrees Celsius for each 300 meters of altitude (about 3.5 degrees Fahrenheit for each 1,000 feet). Thus snow can remain on mountainlike Fujiyama when nearby lowlands are warm. Land and water bodies influence climate. Land warms up rapidly in summer and cools off rapidly in winter. But large bodies of water change temperature slowly, with the seasons. Mid-continental places in middle and high latitudes have a continental climate. Summers are warm and winter cold. Island and seacoasts usually have milder winters and cooler summers because of the water surfaces nearby. Ocean currents affect climate in many parts of the world. Some currents carry warm water to cool regions; others carry cool water to warm regions. The Labrador Current is cold. The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current. It carries warm water from the tropical Atlantic toward the coasts of northwestern Europe. As a result, winters in the British Isles and in Westam Europe are warmer than other regions in the same latitudes. Winds carry heat and moisture and therefore affect climate. Winds that come from lands in high latitudes are cold and dry. Some winds change direction with the seasons. In southern Asia winds called monsoons are dry and cool in the winter, when they blow from the land. In the summer they blow from the ocean and produce heavy rainfall.Climate and the Water Cycle Water enters the atmosphere by evaporation from land and water surfaces. Winds carry water vapor and clouds to other areas. There the moisture is returned to the earth in the form of rain or snow. Much of the water falls on land and runs off to the sea in rivers. But some moisture enters soil. It helps growing plants or builds up the groundwater supply. The constant movement of water from land to sea to air and back again is called the water cycle. The amount of water available for farming, industry, and many other uses differs from one climate to another. People try to overcome these differences by using water resources wisely. The water cycle can be controlled in part for a short time by storing water in reservoirs, irrigating land, draining wetlands, or pumping water from wells.Climate and People Climate influences people’s comfort, well-being, and activities in many ways. Most people do not work as well in a hot, moist climate as in a cooler, drier climate. Extremely high or low temperatures are uncomfortable. Certain diseases aremore common in some climates than in others. It is difficult to determine what is the best or ideal climate for human beings. People differ in their reactions to climate because of their individual characteristics and attitudes. The amount and kind of clothing people wear is determined partly by climate. Clothing for cold climates gives protection against wind and cold. Less clothing is needed in warm climates. There are many types of special clothing for wind, cold, sun, rain, and snow. People build houses mainly for shelter from the climatic elements. Carefully planned houses take advantage of sunlight, wind direction, and other factors to obtain a maximum of comfort as well as protection. The amount of heating or air-conditioning needed in a building depends upon the construction of the building as well as the outside climate. Many modem inventions have made it possible for people to live comfortably in any kind of climate. Climate affects the food supply by setting limits for profitable production of crops and animals. Climate influences cattle raising and forestry because it determines where grasslands and forests will grow. Winds, clouds, and storms have to be considered in travel by land, sea, or air and even in the launching of satellite. Most industries take special attention to protect their products against weather and climate during manufacture, storage, and shipment.1．Climate is the combination of temperature, moisture, wind and sunshine at a place over a certain period of a year.A．YB．NC．NG正确答案：B解析：由题干中的关键词climate定位到文章首段首句：Climate is the combination of temperature，moisture，wind，and sunshine at a place over a period of many years．题目中的a year与原文的many years不符，由此得出题目说法错误。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及含答案) (3)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）President Clinton’s decision on Apr.8to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China’s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation.The President took a drubbing from much of the press,which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag.The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lost opportunity.Zhu charged that Clinton lacked“the courage”to reach an accord.And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations,the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.In fact,Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal.A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached.And without the Administration’s goal of a“bullet-proof agreement”that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress,the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.THE HARD PART.Many business lobbyists,while disappointed that the deal was not closed,agree that better terms can still be had.And Treasury Secretary Robert E.Rubin,National Economic Council Director Gene B.Sperling,Commerce Secretary William M.Daley,and top trade negotiator Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made a remarkable number of concessions,“we’re not there yet,”according to senior officials.Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton can signal U.S.approval for China’s entry into the WTO himself,he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanentmost-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord.And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming.Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott(R-Miss)declared himself skeptical that China deserved entry into the WTO.And Senators Jesse A.Helms(R-N.C.)and Emest F.Hollings(D-S.C.)promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners:Get more protection for the U.S.clothing industry.Hoping to smooth the way, the Administration tried,but failed,to budge Zhu on textiles.Also left in the lurch:Wall Street,Hollywood,and Detroit.Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on “cultural”restrictions on American movies and music.He also blocked efforts to allow U.S.auto makers to provide fleet financing.BIG JOB.Already,business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement,but what they’ve heard so far isn’tencouraging.Republicans,including Lott,say that“the time just isn’t right”for the deal.Translation:We’re determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious,and labor rights violations;the theft of nuclear-weapons technology;and the sale of missile parts to America’s enemies.Beijing’s fierce critics within the Democratic Party,such as Senator Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A.Gephardt of Missouri,won’t help,either.Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr.20,when Rubin lectured19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies.With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track trade negotiating legislation in1997,working together won’t be easy.And Republicans—with a wink—say that they’ll eventually embrace China’s entry into the WTO as a favor to Corporate America.Though not long before they torture Clinton.But Zhu is out on a limb,and if Congress overdoes the criticism,he may be forced by domestic critics to renege. Business must make this much dear to both its GOP allies and the Whit House:This historic deal is too important to risk losing to any more partisan squabbling"1.The main idea of this passage is"[A].The Contradiction between the Democratic Party and the RepublicanParty.[B].On China’s entry into WTO.[C].Clinton was right.[D].Business Lobbyists Control Capitol Hill."2.What does the sentence“Also left in the lurch:Wall Street, Hollywood,Detroit”convey?"[A].Premier Zhu rejected their requirements.[B].The three places overdid criticism.[C].They wanted more protection.[D].They are in trouble."3.What was the attitude of the Republican Party toward China’s entry into the WTO?"[A].Contradictory.[B].Appreciative.[C].Disapproving.[D].Detestful."4.Who plays the leading part in the deal in America?"[A].White House.[B].Republicans.[C].The Democratic Party.[D].Businessmen."5.It can be inferred from the passage that"[A].America will make concessions.[B].America will hold out for a better WTO[C].Clinton has the right to signal U.S.approval for China’s entry.[D].Democratic party approve China’s entry into the WTO.阅读理解（二）Accreditation is a system for setting national standards of quality in education.The United States is unique in the would because its accreditation system is not administered by the government,but rather by committees of educators and private agencies,like the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools and the Society of Engineers.Before registering to study in any educational institution in the U.S.,a student should make certain that the institution is accredited in order to assure that the school has a recoginized standard of organization,instruction,and financial support.Foreign students should be particularly careful to check an institution's accreditation because other governments or future employers may not recognize a degree earned from a school that has not recevied accreditation.If a college is accredited,catalogues and brochures will usually indicate the accreditation status.If you are not sure about a certain school,don't hesitate to check its requtation with an education officer at the nearest U.S.embassy.1.The word'unique'in line2most nearly means_______.A.unusualB.firstC.standardrge2.What school students do in order to check the accreditation of a school that may interest them?A.Write to the schoolB.Write to the U.S.Ministry of EducationC.Register to study at the schoolD.Consult a U.S.embassy offical3.From this,it may be concluded that an unaccredited school____.A.does not coffer degreeB.may close because of financial disorganizationC.is administered by the governmentD.is better than an accredited school4.The title that best expresses the ideas in this is_____.A.studying in the untied statesB.accreditationC.how to find the best schoolD.the middle states association of colleges and secondary schools二、完型填空完型填空（一）Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that is always asked of me is(1)I became an animal collector in the first(2).The answer is that I have always been interested inanimals and zoos.According to my parents,the first word I was able to say with any(3)was not the conventional“mamma”or“daddy”,(4)the word“zoo”,which I would(5)over and over againwith a shrill(6)until someone,in groups to(7)me up,would take me to the zoo.When I(8)a little older,welived in Greece and I had a great(9)of pets,ranging from owls to seahorses,and I spent all my sparetime(10)the countryside in search of fresh specimens to(11)to my collection of pets.(12)on I went fora year to the City Zoo,as a student(13), to get experience of the large animals,such as lions,bears,bison and ostriches,(14)were not easy to keep at home.When I left,I(15)had enough money of myown to be able to(16)my first trip and I have been going(17)ever since then.Though a collector's jobis not an easy one and is full of(18),it is certainly a job which will appeal(19)all those who loveanimals and(20).1.A.how B.where C.when D.whether2.A.region B.field C.place D.case3.A.clarity B.emotion C.sentiment D.affection4.A.except B.but C.except for D.but for5.A.recite B.recognize C.read D.repeat6.A.volume B.noise C.voice D.pitch7.A.close B.shut C.stop fort8.A.grew B.was growing C.grow D.grown9.A.many B.amount C.number D.supply10.A.living B.cultivating C.reclaiming D.exploring11.A.increase B.include C.add D.enrichter B.further C.then D.subsequently13.A.attendant B.keeper C.member D.aide14.A.who B.they C.of which D.which15.A.luckily B.gladly C.nearly D.successfully16.A.pay B.provide C.allow D.finance17.A.normally B.regularly ually D.often18.A.expectations B.sorrows C.excitement D.disappointments19.A.for B.with C.to D.from20.A.excursion B.travel C.journey D.Trip完型填空（二）To others and themselves the British have a reputation for being conservative——not in the narrowpolitical sense,but in the sense of adherence to accepted ideas and unwilling to question them.Thereputation comes partly from their1.For9002they have suffered3invasion nor revolution(except in164941688)nor disastrous defeat in5.Their monarchy(君主政体)survives6serious question.Underits normal7 political arrangements have been8stable that,except for the9 interruptions in theseventeenth10,they have been adopted throughout 11centuries to meet changing needs without violent12.Britain,in1978, was13in managing without14written constitution;some fragmentary definitionsof1688still15.There had been16quarrels,social and economic as well17political,but the quarrelshad been18,usually19compromise.The underlying20had not been broken.nguage B.future C.history D.literature2.A.centuries B.years C.minutes D.seconds3.A.neither B.as C.or D.either4.A.too B.but C.or D.and5.A.home B.study C.peace D.war6.A.and B.without C.with D.neither B.people C.leadership D.enemy8.A.so B.very C.too D.such9.A.two B.one C.no D.couple10.A.month B.day C.year D.century11.A.a B.any C.the D.few12.A.changes B.change C.altered D.changedmon B.popular C.unique D.angry14.A.two B.a C.some D.their15.A.survive B.surviving C.survives D.survived16.A.bitter B.happy C.pleasant D.unhappy17.A.for B.as C.to D.at18.A.settling B.settles C.settle D.settled19.A.for B.at C.to D.by20.A.continue B.continuity C.continuous D.continued 完型填空（三）Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally,therefore,the choice of an__1__should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school.Actually,__2_-_,most people make several job choices during their working lives,__3__because of economic and Industrial changes and partly to improve__4__position.The"one perfect job"does not exist.Young people should__5__entersintosa broad flexible training program that will__6__them for a field of work rather than for a single__7__.Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans__8__benefit of help form a competent vocational counselor or psychologist.Knowing__9__about the occupational world,or themselves for that matter,they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss __10__.Some drift from job to jo B.Others__11__to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitte D.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for__12__real or imagined prestige.Too many high-school students-or their parents for them-choose the professional field,__13__both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal__14__.The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a White-collar"job is__15__good reason for choosing it as life's work. __16__,these occupations are not always well pai D.Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work,the__17__of young people should give serious__18__to these fields.Before making anoccupational choice,a person should have a general idea of what he wants __19__life and how hard he is willing to work to get it.Some people desire social prestige,others intellectual satisfaction.Some want security;others are willing to take__20__for financial gain.Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.1.A.identification B.entertainment C.accommodation D.occupation2.A.however B.therefore C.though D.thereby3.A.entirely B.mainly C.partly D.his4.A.its B.his C.our D.their5.A.since B.therefore C.furthermore D.forever6.A.make B.fit C.take D.leave7.A.job B.way C.means pany8.A.to B.for C.without D.with9.A.little B.few C.much D.a lot10.A.chance B.basis C.purpose D.opportunity11.A.apply B.appeal C.stick D.turn12.A.our B.its C.your D.their13.A.concerning B.following C.considering D.disregarding14.A.preferences B.requirements C.tendencies D.ambitions15.A.a B.any C.no D.the16.A.Therefore B.However C.Nevertheless D.Moreover17.A.majority B.mass C.minority D.multitude18.A.proposal B.suggestion C.consideration D.appraisal19.A.towards B.against C.out of D.without20.A.turns B.parts C.choices D.risks三、翻译1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。
大学英语4级试卷及答案 (2)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. The Martian surface temperature is a 100 degrees C below zero at night, so that butter put outside will not ________.A. thawB. dissolveC. meltD. fuse2. Whose _______ was it to pay a visit to Lake Erie?A. dreamB. purposeC. thoughtD. idea3. There is a _____ of vegetables in Shanghai at the moment because of the cold weather.A. shortageB. wantC. needD. desire4. He is a bad influence ________ the children.A. onB. inC. withD. against5. It is not easy to distinguish ______ an American and a Canadian.A. amongB. betweenC. bothD. from6. Ms Simms is very sensitive ______ criticism.A. ofB. inC. toD. on7. It is an exception ________ the rules.A. ofB. inC. againstD. to8. She solved the problem _________a stroke.A. onB. ofC. atD. through9. Death always taken us _________ surprise, even though we know it is inevitable.A. inB. out ofC. byD. through10. The lady insists on her constitutional right _______ a passport in her maiden name.A. onB. toC. intoD. that11. When the crowd saw the prize-fighter stretched out on the canvas, shouts and cheers _______ from it.A. broke upB. broke forthC. broke throughD. break upon12. This detective story might not be _______ interesting to keep the child awake.A. enoughB. adequatelyC. amplyD. sufficiently13. The two pieces of fried steak Mr King had for dinner gave him _____.A. an upset stomachB. a headacheC. a sore throatD. an infection14. If reading is to accomplish anything more than _______ time, it must be active.A. wastingB. spendingC. passingD. idling15. The _____ from the airport was really tiring because it was situated for from the city.A. flightB. travelC. crossingD. journey16. _____ the Washington Monument and the Capitol, Washington D. C. would be a completely horizontal city.A. It were not forB. For it were notC. Were it not forD. weren't it for17. ______, I'll marry him all the time.A. Being he rich or poorB. Was he rich or poorC. Be he rich or poorD. Whether rich or poor18. A sneeze cannot be performed voluntarily, _____ be easily suppressed.A. nor cat itB. and cannot itC. nor it canD. it cannot19. Few of the gold seekers who flocked to California were experienced miners______ that they had to be.A. but neither did they feelB. neither did they feelC. and so did they feelD. and they felt too20. _____, their help, we would not have succeeded.A. Hadn't been forB. Had not it been forC. Had it not been forD. It hadn't been for二、完型填空（共计20分）From childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselvesand the world about us. When humans first (1)--,they were like newborn children, unable to use this (2)-- tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind’s future (3) -- and cultural growthincrease D.Many linguists believe that evolution is (4) -- for our ability to produce and use language. They (5)-- that our highly evolved brain provides us (6) -- an innate language ability not found in lower (7) --.Proponents of this innateness theory say that our(8) -- for language is inborn, but that language itselfdevelops gradually,(9) -- a function of the growth of the brain during childhoo D. Therefore there arecritical (10) -- times for language development.Current (11) -- of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of someinnate abilities is undeniable. (12) --, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages arebest taught in (13) -- grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being (14) -- to them,while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the (15) -- of their first languagehave become firmly fixe D.(16) -- some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically ina vacuum. Children who have been (17) -- from other human beings do not possess language. Thisdemonstrates that (18) -- with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Somelinguists believe that this is even more basic to human language (19) -- than any innate capacities. Thesetheorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. (20) --, children learn language from their parentsbyimitating them. Parents gradually shape their child's language skills by positively reinforcing preciseimitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.1.A.generated B.evolved C. born D. originated2.A.valuable B.appropriate C. convenient D. favorite3.A.attainments B.feasibility C.entertainments D.evolution4.A.essential B.available C. reliable D. responsible5.A.confirm rm C. claim D. convince6.A.for B.from C. of D. withanizations anisms C. humans D. children8.A.potential B.performance C. preference D. passion9.A.as B.just as C. like D. unlike10.A.ideological B.biological C. social D. psychological11.A.reviews B.reference C. reaction D. recommendation12.A.In a word B.In a sense C. Indeed D. In other words13.A.various B.different C. the higher D. the lower14.A.revealed B.exposed C. engaged D. involved15.A.regulations B.formations C. rules D. constitutions16.A.Although B.Whether C. Since D. When17.A.distinguished B.different C. protected D. isolated18.A.exposition parison C. contrast D. interaction19.A.acquisition B.appreciation C. requirement D. alternative20.A.As a result B.After all C. In other words D. Above all三、阅读理解：(共25分)Years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of.But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville,England in 1984 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann,the situation began to change.Sir Ludwig Guttmann,who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Gernamy,had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London.His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.In the first games just tow teams of injured soldiers took part.The next year,1949,five teams took part.From those beginnings,things have developed fast.Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year.In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome,in the same place as the normal Olympic Games,although they are organized separately.In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville.In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games,1064 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part.Unfortunately,they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles,along with the other Olympics. The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendshiop and understanding,and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sport.One small source of disappointment forthose who organize and take part in the games,however,has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at the Olympic Games for the able-bodied.Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athlets should not be excluded.1.The first games for the desabled were held _____ after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England.A.40 yearsB.21 yearsC.10 yearsD.9 years2.Besides Stoke Mandeville,surely the games for the disabled were once held in _____.A.New YorkB.LondonC.RomeD.Los Angeles3.In Paragraph 3,the word "athletes" means _____.A.people who support the gamesB.people who watch the gamesC.people who organize the gamesD.people who compete in the games4.Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled.B.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier.C.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany.D.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is welcomed by the British government.5.From the ,we may conclude that the writer is _____.A.one of the organizers of the games for the disabledB.a disabled person who once took part in the gamesC.against holding the games for the disabledD.in favour of holding the games for the disabled四、书面表达：请起草一份中学学校通知，用一段话说明以下要点：参观日期： 3月25日，星期天时间：早上8点钟出发。
大学英语四级考试阅读习题及答案解析(2)
大学英语四级考试阅读习题及答案解析(2)导读：本文大学英语四级考试阅读习题及答案解析(2)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。
篇章词汇题型的特点篇章词汇( Banked Cloze )考一篇长度为220 个单词左右的文章，在文章当中去除了10 个单词，后面由15 个单词选项，要求考生选择正确的单词填入文章。
这种题型的测试重点在于把握文章的结构，主要考查考生对诸如连贯性，一致性，逻辑联系等语篇，语段整体特征以及单词在实际语境中的理解，即要求考生在理解全文的基础上弄清文章的宏观结构和具体细化到每个单词的微观理解。
篇章词汇VS 完形填空应该说，篇章词汇是完形填空的一种形式。
完形填空的测试面更宽泛，涉及连词，介词等更多的语法知识，而篇章词汇的考查项都是实词(动词，名词，形容词，副词)。
篇章词汇更侧重于从篇章层面考查对单词的理解和应用。
另外一个较为明显的区别就是，篇章词汇是集合式选项，所有的选项都集中在一起;而完形填空是分组式选项，各道题目的选项互不干扰。
篇章词汇VS 词汇题篇章词汇与原来的老题型词汇题相比，更注重对词汇的实际运用的考查，从单一的一句话考查上升到篇章的理解。
Passage 2Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relationbetween actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, __3__ among educators. But the careful use of small __4__ rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements( 刺激) indeed __5__inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively __6__ task, they show the most creativity,”says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it’s easy to __7__ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for __8__ achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and __9__ failing grades.In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows __10__ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.A)mental B)promise C)kill D)avoidE)hope F)especially G)aid H)ordinaryI)approval J)monetary K)generally L)improveM)challenging N)restore O)excellent参考答案及解析:1. 选L )。
大学英语四级试卷(答案) (2)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. A person’s attention is attracted ______ by the intensity of different signals as by their context, significance, and information content.A. much no soB. not so muchC. so not muchD. so much not2. She is a lady with a bad reputation. You ______ anything to do with her.A. had better not haveB. have better not haveC. had better not to haveD hadn’t better have3. Although she wrote stories and poems as a child, ______ she was twenty-three.A. her first real success did not come untilB. her first real success came untilC. not until her first real successD. it was not until her first real success came4. A kilometer is somewhat ______ a mile, but is ______ a li.A. more shorter than, more longer thanB. shorter than, twice as long asC. more short than, twice more long thanD. as short as, twice longer than5. The factory has turned out ______.A. twice more TV sets this year than last yearB. TV sets this year twice as many as last yearC. twice as many TV sets this year as last yearD. TV sets twice more this year than last year6. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they can be deliberately controlled and modified.A. to whichB. in whichC. at whichD. on which7. ______ a laser to operate, stimulated emission must predominate over absorption throughout the laser medium.A. Ordering toB. For orderingC. In order forD. The order of8. An increase in wages is an incentive _______ better work.A. toB. inC. ofD. for9. Wine and song are appropriate ________ the occasion.A. atB. toC. onD. by10. The death of the President is a loss regretted ______ all.A. toB. forC. atD. by11. The accident ______ downtown yesterday resulted from the driver’s carelessness.A. happeningB. happenedC. which had happenedD. which happened12. The reason why they didn’t get ______ people to help them in the work is that they didn’t want to trouble anyone.A. someB. anyC. allD. no13. It is warm ______ food.A. enough to defrost the freezingB. to defrost enough the freezingC. enough to defrost the frozenD. to enough defrost the frozen14. Shout more loudly. He _____ you.A. can't have heardB. will not have heardC. ought to have heardD. may have heard15. Don't bother me. Do what you _______, I don't care.A. shallB. willC. will likeD. would like16. I can assure you that under no circumstances _______ his motherland.A. he will betrayB. will he betrayC. he will not betrayD. will be not betray17. The kids dare not walk on the ice. Neither _____ to skate on it.A. they dareB. do they dareC. dare theyD. daren't they18. In the room _______ with three legs and a few broken chairs.A. could only be found a tableB. could only a table chairsC. a table could only be foundD. only could be a table found19. In the corner of the room ______.A. a small round wooden table wasB. was a small round wooden tableC. a wooden small round table wasD. was a wooden small round table20. Up _____ into the air when the ten-second countdown was over.A. the rocket shotB. shot the rocketC. was the rocket shotD. the rocket was shot二、完型填空（共计20分）Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursinghomes. They are left in the 1 of strangers for the rest of their lives.Their 2 children visit them onlyoccasionally,but more often, they do not have any 3 visitors.The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an 4story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care 5 elderly people nee D. SamuelPrestoon, a sociologist, studied 6 the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the 7American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. 8 , because people todaylive longer after an illness than people did years 9 , family members must provide long term care. Morepsychologists have found that all caregivers10 a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that theyare the best11 for the jo B. In other words, they all felt that they 12 do the job better than anyoneelse.Social workers 13 caregivers to find out why they took 14 the responsibility of caring for an elderlyrelative.Many caregivers believed they had 15 to help their relative.Some stated that helping others 16them feel more useful.Others hoped that by helping 17now, they would deserve care when they becameold and 18 .Caring for the elderlyand being taken care of can be a 19 satisfying experience for everyonewho might be 20 .1.A.hands B. arms C.bodies D.homes2.A.growing B. grown C.being grown D.having grown3.A.constant B. lasting C.regular D.normal4.A.imaginary B. imaginable C.imaginative D.imagery5.A.that B. this C.those D.these6.A.when B. how C.what D.wheremon B. ordinary C.standard D.average8.A.Further B. However C.Moreover D.Whereas9.A.before B. ago ter tely10.A.share B. enjoy C.divide D.consent11.A.person B. people C.character D.man12.A.would B. will C.could D.can13.A.questioned B. interviewed C.inquired D.interrogate14.A.in B. up C.on D.off15.A.admiration B. initiative C.necessity D.obligation16.A.cause B. enable C.make D.get17.A.someone B. anyone C.everyone D.anybody18.A.elderly B. dependent C.dependable D.independent19.A.similarly B. differently C.mutually D.certainly20.A.involved B. excluded C.included D.considered三、阅读理解(共25分)Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. With a TV set in thefamily people don’t have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera .All they have to so is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind. Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies. The television viewers need do nothing. He does not even have to use his legs if the has a remote control. He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment. He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort in his part.Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics. The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one’s sitting room. It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well;but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us. We get so used to looking at the movements on it ,so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives. People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and the they have actually begin to talk to each other again. It makes one think, doesn’t it?There are many other arguments for and against television. We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.1. What is the major function of paragraph 1?A. To arouse the reader’s concernB. To introduce the theme of the wholeC. To summarize the wholeD. To sate the primary uses of TV2. Television, as a source of entertainment, is ______.A. not very convenientB. very expensiveC. quite dangerousD. relatively cheap3. Why are some people against TV?A. Because TV programs re not interestingB. Because TV viewers are totally passiveC. Because TV prices are very high.D. Because TV has both advantages and disadvantages4. One of the most obvious advantages of TV is that ______.A. it keeps us informedB. it is very cheapC. it enables us to have a restD. it controls our lives5. According to the , whether TV is good or not depends on _______ .A. its qualityB. people ’s attitude towards itC. how we use itD. when we use it四、书面表达：(满分15分)请你写封信给你的朋友marry告诉他，请他关照下你的朋友,内容重点如下:1.告诉这个消息2.请他给你朋友一些建议并给予指导注意:字数应为120词左右参考答案：一、选择题：1-5题:ABABC11-15题:CADAD11-15题:DACAB16-20题:BBABB二、完型填空1.【答案】B 这里 at the turn of the century 表示的是“在本世纪初”这一具体时间，只有 at 可以用在这里。
大学英语英语四级(答案) (2)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1.She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed______.A.toB.withC.aboutD.upon2.He felt it rather difficult to make a stand_____the opinion of the majority.A.againstB.byC.toD.in3.When my aunt lost her cat last summer,it turned______a week later at a house in the next village.A.inB.outC.upD.over4.To our delight,she quickly adapted herself_______this situation.A.withB.ofC.toD.into5.If there is space available,the deadline for applying________an undergraduate college or school may be extended.A.inB.onC.forD.to6.The TV station probably will be back_______no earlier than this afternoon because of difficulties in locating a part.A.in the airB.on the airC.in airD.to the air7.He is indifferent______hardships and dangers.A.ofB.atC.inD.to8.You can't go_______your promise now;we are depending on you.A.back ofB.back onC.off withD.out of9.I knew her______but I have never actually spoken to her.A.from sightB.in sightC.by sightD.on sight10.Sugar is good_______most people,but harmful________diabetics.A.for,toB.to,forC.for,inD.to,with11.You don't have to worry________we are here.A.whileB.even ifC.thoughD.until12.The teachers whispered_______they should disturb the students.A.in order thatB.provided thatC.in caseD.with the result that13.The reason for my long absence from class was______I was ill for 2weeks.A.thatB.due toC.becauseD.why14.John is probably the most popular masculine name in the Western world, _____it is spelled differently in different languages.A.in spite ofB.ifC.whenD.although15.______so-called"art"or"serious"music,modern jazz is not completely written down before it is played.A.AsB.UnlikeC.AlikeD.Not as16.I shall be busy next Monday,I______classes the whole morning and _______a lecture in the afternoon.A.have,attend C.would have,would attendB.am having,would attend D.shall be having,shall be attending17.The boss ordered that the goods______delivered at once.A.would beB.beC.must beD.were18.Every morning my little dog is the first____up at my bed and gentiy wake me up.()A.Turns isB.to turnC.Turn toD.turning19.As the fog is too heavy,they can't across the river by ferry boat,I wish the fog____.A.dispersesB.dispersedC.has dispersedD.would dispersed20.I would have come sooner but I________that you were waiting.A.didn't knowB.haven't knownC.hadn't knownD.don't know二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。
四级阅读理解练习
四级阅读理解练习阅读理解是英语四级考试的重要部分，可以帮助学生提高阅读理解能力，扩展词汇量，培养分析和推理能力。
本文将为您提供一些四级阅读理解练习。
希望对大家备考英语四级有所帮助。
阅读理解一：It's quite rare to see what's known as "angel hair" poking out from the edges of clouds, and rarer still to find it on the ground as a fine deposit of ice needles beside a blue sky. Ice needles form when there is enough moisture in the air, and the temperature drops below freezing point but not low enough to form solid ice crystals. This creates conditions which allow ice needles to grow.A French scientist, Gabriel Voisin, made a study of ice needles. He wrote: "there is no doubt that you can experience an ambiance (atmosphere) which has produced ice needles either by day or by night. The phenomenon is fascinating, especially when you touch the tuft, the product of the atmosphere’s fairy collaboration."Is there an equivalent phenomenon when the sun is shining and there are ice needles? Willows with "fairy hair" seem to answer the question. If you look at one, you will probably see that each branch has a patch of white hair among the brown, and the hair is powdered for several centimeters or a foot down the branch. Wedges of the white powder fall to the ground as the weight becomes too great. You might have no doubt that hoar-frost had made the hair, but it is not frost, nor any other chemical that can easily be found.问题1：What are ice needles?问题2：According to the passage, what produces the "tuft"?问题3：What name does the author give the white powder on willow branches?阅读理解二：It’s well-known that in China, most married couples live with their parents. This tradition, known as “xiaozi,” is deeply rooted in Chinese culture. The tradition of xiaozi signifies the importance of maintaining close family relationships and filial piety, or respect for and obedience to one's parents and ancestors.In Chinese culture, living with parents not only means providing financial support to them but also taking care of their daily needs. It is considered a way of expressing gratitude and a sense of responsibility towards one's parents for raising and supporting them throughout their lives.However, with the rapid development of society and changing social values, the traditional way of living with parents is gradually undergoing changes. More and more young couples are choosing to live separately from their parents after marriage, seeking independence and space. This change is particularly prominent in big cities where young people pursue careers and personal development.The decision to live separately from parents is often influenced by a desire for privacy, freedom, and individuality. Young couples want to establish their own family rules and create a space that reflects their personallifestyle and values. They also want to avoid potential conflicts and tensions that can arise from living in close quarters with their parents.Additionally, the rising cost of living and changing socioeconomic factors have made it more challenging for young couples to afford a separate living space within their means. This has also contributed to the trend of living separately from parents.It is worth mentioning that while living separately from parents has its advantages, it can also be accompanied by challenges such as increased financial burden, childcare responsibilities, and limited support from extended family members. Therefore, it is essential for young couples to carefully consider their own circumstances and make informed decisions about living arrangements after marriage.问题1：What is the traditional way of living for married couples in China called?问题2：What are the reasons for more young couples choosing to live separately from their parents?问题3：What challenges can arise from living separately from parents?。
大学英语四级CET4考试阅读(二)
CET4 阅读(二.1)Passage 1Just seven years ago, the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was being cheered as the model of human creativeness. The sight of Barney Clark-alive and conscious after trading his diseased heart for a metal-and-plastic pump-convinced the press, the public and many doctors that the future had arrived. It hadn't. After monitoring production of the Jarvik-7, and reviewing its effects on the 150 or so patients (most of whom got the device as a temporary measure) the U.S Food and Drug Administration concluded that the machine was doing more to endanger lives than to save them. Last week the agency cancelled its earlier approval, effectively banning (禁止) the device.The recall may hurt Symbion Inc, maker of the Jarvik-7, but it wont end the request for an artificial heart. One problem with the banned model is that the tubes connecting it to an external power source created a passage for infection (感染). Inventors are now working on new devices that would be fully placed, along with a tiny power pack, in the patient 's chest. The first samply products aren't expected for another 10 or 20 years. But some people are already worrying that they'll work-and that America`s overextended health-care programs will lose a precious $2.5 billion to $5 billion a year providing them for a relatively few dying patients. If such expenditures (开支) cut into funding for more basic care, the net effect could actually be a decline in the nation's health.1. According to the passage the Jarvik-7artificial heart proved to be_______.A)a technical failure B)a technical wonderC)a good life-saver D)an effective means to treat heart disease2. From the passage we know that Symbion Inc ______.A)has been banned by the government from producing artificial heartsB)will review the effects of artificial hearts before designing new modelsC)may continue to work on new models of reliable artificial heartsD)can make new models of artificial hearts available on the market in 1O to 20 years3. The new models of artificial hearts are expected ______.A)to have a working life of 10 or 20 yearsB)to be set fully in the patient's chestC)to be equipped with an external power sourceD)to create a new passage for infection4. The word "them" in Line 7, Para. 2 refers to _____A) doctors who treat heart diseases B) makers of artificial heartsC) America's health-care programs D) New model of artificial hearts5. Some people feel that______.A)artificial hearts are seldom effectiveB)the country should not spend so much money on artificial heartsC)the country is not spending enough money on artificial heartsD)America's health-care programs are not doing enough for the nation's health Passage 2We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把…按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can havea bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual (智力的) ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classroom, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with (对付)personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher. Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them.the skills they need in order to do this efficiently . An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.1.In the passage the author's attitude towards 'mixed-ability teaching, isA)critical C)approving B)questioning D)objective2.By'held back,(Line 1)the author means',A)made to remain in the same classesB)forced to study in the lower classes C)drawn to their studies E) prevented from advancing3.The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the student'A) personal qualities and social skillsB)total personality C)learning ability and communicative skills D)intellectual ability4.Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?A)Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others.B)Pupils aim learn to develop their reasoning abilities.C)Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers. D)Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.5.The author's purpose of writing this passage is toA) argue for teaching bright and not-ω-bright pupils in the same classB)recommend pair work and group work for classroom activitiesC)offer advice on the proper use of the libraryD)emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching。
2023年12月全国大学英语CET四级真题和答案解析(第二套)
2023年12月全国大学英语CET四级真题和答案解析（第二套）一、阅读理解阅读理解一题目Welcome to the World of Virtual Reality!文章Virtual reality (VR) is a technology that simulates a user’s physical presence in a virtual environment. By wearing a VR headset, users are immersed in a three-dimensional computer-generated world, which can be a realistic representation of an existing location or an imaginary world. Virtual reality has gained popularity in recent years, with various applications in entertainment, education, and healthcare.One of the main uses of virtual reality is in the field of entertainment. VR gaming allows users to experience gameplay in a fully immersive and interactive manner. Withthe help of motion tracking sensors, users can move aroundand interact with virtual objects as if they were in the game themselves. This adds a new level of excitement and realism to gaming, making it a favorite among many enthusiasts.In addition to entertainment, virtual reality has also found applications in the field of education. Virtual realitysimulations can provide students with a more engaging and interactive learning experience. For example, instead of reading about ancient civilizations in a textbook, students can explore virtual ancient ruins and interact with virtual characters from that time period. This hands-on approach to learning helps students retain information better and makes learning more enjoyable.Virtual reality is also being used in healthcare to assist in the treatment of certain medical conditions. For example, VR therapy has been found to be beneficial in the treatment of anxiety disorders and phobias. By exposing patients to virtual environments that trigger their fears or anxieties in a controlled manner, therapists can help them gradually overcome their fears. This technology has also been used in physical rehabilitation, allowing patients to practice movements and exercises in a virtual environment.In conclusion, virtual reality has opened up a new world of possibilities in various fields. Whether it’s for entertainment, education, or healthcare, VR technology offers a unique and immersive experience that can enhance our lives in many ways.答案解析本文主要介绍了虚拟现实（VR）技术的定义和应用。
CET4阅读理解练习(2).doc
2019年6月CET4阅读理解练习（2）My husband is a lord.We have one house in the countryside and one in London.I spend my days running the household.I oversee servants’ work and my three daughters’ education：They learn to play piano，sing，and dance.There are so many rules to follow. For example，I must always be polite and calm.I have to wear proper clothes.MaidI was born on a farm in the north of England，but my family couldn’t support me.My cousin helped me get a job as a maid in a big，fancy London house.There is so much work to do and some rules to follow here.Monday is washing day.I have to get up earlier than usualabout 4：30 amto heat the water，wash and iron the clothes.The work is hard and I earn about $ 50 a year.But my master spends $ 1000 a year on his carriage alone.GentlemanI’m a lawyer living in London.But I’m in love with a servant，because she’s not like her own class at all，but like mine.When I take her to theatres，we meet outside，pretend not to know each other and enter by a side door.I have to maintain my honour as rules.I want to marry my girl，but maybe only in secret.Factory manI’ve been working in factories since I was 10.Right now，I make iron for the railroad. It’s 14 hours a day from 5：30 am to 7：30 pm.It’s hard work，but at least I have my freedom despite the fact that there are so many rules，and I have to wear a uniform.These days，I like to have a drink and smoke my pipe in the pub with my friends from work.I go in there a couple of times a week if I can，to discuss politics，find out news and listen to music.1. What may be the title for the first paragraph?A. HousewifeB. LadyC. WomanD. Owner2. According to the passage，it’s implied that ______.A. as a lord’s wife，she must be polite and calmB. the maid has a busier day on weekendsC. the factory man is quite satisfied with his present jobD. people from different classes then couldn’t be married3. The four persons give a glimpse of lives of ______.A. low society of LondonB. top classes of LondonC. typical LondonersD. Londoners from all corners参考答案及解析(1)B (2)D (3)C(1)推理判断题。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及答案) (4)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）Why the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis,by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and “theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latter —proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories. Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on theother hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact."1. The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is"[A]. Philosophy of mathematics. [B]. The Recent Growth in Science.[C]. The Verification of Facts. [C]. Methods of Scientific Inquiry."2. According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during the days of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is"[A]. the similarity between the two periods.[B]. that it was an act of God.[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method."3. The difference between “fact” and “theory”"[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method."4. According to the author, mathematics is"[A]. an inductive science. [B]. in need of simple verification.[C]. a deductive science. [D]. based on fact and theory."5. The statement “Theories are facts” may be called."[A]. a metaphor. [B]. a paradox.[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.[D]. a pun.阅读理解（二）On the 36th day after they had voted, Americans finally learned Wednesday who would be their next president: Governor George W. Bush of Texas.Vice President Al Gore, his last realistic avenue for legal challenge closed by a U. S. Supreme Court decision late Tuesday, planned to end the contest formally in a televised evening speech of perhaps 10 minutes, advisers said. They said that Senator Joseph Lieberman, his vice presidential running mate, would first make brief comments. The men would speak from a ceremonial chamber of the Old Executive office Building, to the west of the White House.The dozens of political workers and lawyers who had helped lead Mr. Gore’s unprecedented fight to claw a come-from-behind electoral victory in the pivotal state of Florida were thanked Wednesday and asked to stand down. “The vice president has directed the recount committee to suspend activities,”William Daley, the Gore campaign chairman, said in a written statement. Mr. Gore authorized that statement after meeting with his wife, Tipper, and with top advisers including Mr. Daley.He was expected to telephone Mr. Bush during the day. The Bush campaign kept a low profile and moved gingerly, as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next steps.Yet, at the end of a trying and tumultuous process that had focused world attention on sleepless vote counters across Florida, and on courtrooms formMiami to Tallahassee to Atlanta to Washington the Texas governor was set to become the 43d U. S. president.The news of Mr. Gore’s plans followed the longest and most rancorous dispute over a U. S. presidential election in more than a century, one certain to leave scars in a badly divided country.It was a bitter ending for Mr. Gore, who had outpolled Mr. Bush nationwide by some 300000 votes, but, without Florida, fell short in the Electoral College by 271votes to 267—the narrowest Electoral College victory since the turbulent election of 1876.Mr. Gore was said to be distressed by what he and many Democratic activists felt was a partisan decision from the nation’s highest court.The 5-to –4 decision of the Supreme Court held, in essence, that while a vote recount in Florida could be conducted in legal and constitutional fashion, as Mr. Gore had sought, this could not be done by the Dec. 12 deadline for states to select their presidential electors.James Baker 3rd, the former secretary of state who represented Mr. Bush in the Florida dispute, issued a short statement after the U. S. high court ruling, saying that the governor was “very pleased and gratified.”Mr. Bush was planning a nationwide speech aimed at trying to begin to heal the country’s deep, aching and varied divisions. He then was expected to meet with congressional leaders, including Democrats. Dick Cheney, Mr. Bush’s ruing mate, was meeting with congressmen Wednesday in Washington.When Mr. Bush, who is 54, is sworn into office on Jan.20, he will be only the second son of a president to follow his father to the White House, after JohnAdams and John Quincy Adams in the early 19th century.Mr. Gore, in his speech, was expected to thank his supporters, defend his hive-week battle as an effort to ensure, as a matter of principle, that every vote be counted, and call for the nation to join behind the new president. He was described by an aide as “resolved and resigned.”While some constitutional experts had said they believed states could present electors as late as Dec. 18, the U. S. high court made clear that it saw no such leeway.The U.S. high court sent back “for revision” to the Florida court its order allowing recounts but made clear that for all practical purposes the election was over.In its unsigned main opinion, the court declared, “The recount process, in its features here described, is inconsistent with the minimum procedures necessary to protect the fundamental right of each voter.”That decision, by a court fractured along philosophical lines, left one liberal justice charging that the high court’s proceedings bore a political taint.Justice John Paul Stevens wrote in an angry dissent:” Although we may never know with complete certainty the identity of the winner of this year’s presidential election, the identity of the loser is perfectly clear. It is the nation’s confidence in the judge as an impartial guardian of the law.”But at the end of five seemingly endless weeks, during which the physical, legal and constitutional machines of the U. S. election were pressed and sorely tested in ways unseen in more than a century, the system finally produced aresult, and one most Americans appeared to be willing at lease provisionally to support.The Bush team welcomed the news with an outward show of restraint and aplomb. The governor’s hopes had risen and fallen so many times since Election night, and the legal warriors of each side suffered through so many dramatic reversals, that there was little energy left for celebration."1. The main idea of this passage is"[A]. Bush’s victory in presidential election bore a political taint.[B]. The process of the American presidential election.[C]. The Supreme Court plays a very important part in the presidential election.[D]. Gore is distressed."2. What does the sentence “as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next step” mean"[A]. Bush hopes Gore to join his administration.[B]. Bush hopes Gore to concede defeat and to support him.[C]. Bush hopes Gore to congraduate him.[D]. Bush hopes Gore go on fighting with him."3. Why couldn’t Mr. Gore win the presidential election after he outpolled Mr. Bush in the popular vote? Because"[A]. the American president is decided by the supreme court’s decision.[B]. people can’t directly elect their president.[C]. the American president is elected by a slate of presidential electors.[D]. the people of each state support Mr. Bush."4. What was the result of the 5—4 decision of the supreme court?"[A]. It was in fact for the vote recount.[B]. It had nothing to do with the presidential election.[C]. It decided the fate of the winner.[D]. It was in essence against the vote recount."5. What did the “turbulent election of 1876” imply?"[A]. The process of presidential election of 2000 was the same as that.[B]. There were great similarities between the two presidential elections (2000 and 1876).[C]. It was compared to presidential election of 2000.[D]. It was given an example.阅读理解（三）Asked to name their favorite city, many Amerians would select San Francisco began as a small Spanish outpost located on a magnificent bay.The town was little more than a village serving ranchers when the United States took possession of it in 1846 during the war with Mexico. San Francisco sprang into a city overnight because of the nearby discovery of gold in 1848.A great rush to California took place.Wagon trains plodded their dangerous way across 2000 miles of prairie and mountains,while hundreds of sailing vessels made the equally hazardous trip around the Horn.The vessels disgorged thousands of passengers -- then the crews deserted teir ship and hundreds of vessels were left to rot in thebay.Within two years,California had enough population to become a state and San Francisco was for many years the hub of that newly-arrived population.The city’s present popularity is due to an excellent climate, an easy style of living ,good food,and numerous tourist attractions. The city is famous for its cable cars which "clang and bang" up the steep hills,and for its excellent seafood stals along the wharf. Most visitors arriving from nations in the Pacific Basin spend several days getting to know the town.1.According to this article, who were the first Californians?A.deserters from sailing shipsB.spanish ranchersC.gold minersD.tourists2.san francisco’s appeal includes all of the following factors____.A.attractive lifestyle,good seafood,desirable weatherB.tourist attactions,extreme seasons,cable carsC.wagon trains,gold mining,good climateD.cable cars,pleasent climate,flat terrain3.san francisco today is a thriving city because of ____.A.heavy industryernmental headquartersC.goldminingD.trade and tourism4.In waht year did California become an American state?A.1850B.1852C.1846D.1848二、完型填空完型填空（一）If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths andweaknesses. Success or (1) in your work would depend, to (2) great extent, (3) your ability to use yourstrengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. (4) the utmost importance is your attitude. A person (5)begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is (6) that he is going to ail is exhibiting aweakness which can only hinder his success. On the otherhand, a person who is secure (7) his belief thathe is probably as capable (8) doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerfulattempt (9) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.(10) the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously aweakness. A book-keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw (11)hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize (12) the strength and overcome the (13) that youbring to the job of learning. But insgroupsto measure your development, you must first (14) -- stock ofswheres you stand now. (15) -- we get further along in the book, we’ll be (16) -- in some detail withspecific processes for developing and strengthening (17) -- skills. However, (18) -- begin with, youshould pause (19) -- examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical toyour success or failure in school: your (20) --, your reading and communication skills, and your studyhabits.1.A.improvement B.victory C. failure D. achievement2.A.a B.the C. some D. certain3.A.in B.on C. of D. to4.A.Out of B.Of C. To D. Into5.A.who B.what C. that D. which6.A.ensure B.certain C. sure D. surely7.A.onto B.on C. off D. in8.A.to B.at C. of D. for9.A.near B.on C. by D. at10.A.Have B.Had C. Having D. Had been11.A.being B.been C. are D. is12.A.except B.but C. for D. on13.A.idea B.weakness C. strength D. advantage14.A.make B.take C. do D. give15.A.as B.till C. over D. out16.A.deal B.dealt C. be dealt D. dealing17.A.learnt B.learned C. learning D. learn18.A.around B.to C. from D. beside19.A.to B.onto C. into D. with20.A.intelligence B.work C. attitude D. weakness完型填空（二）The rocket engine, with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm, is an impressive symbol of the new space age.Rocket engines have 1 powerful enough to shoot astronauts 2 the earth's gravitational pull and 3 them on the moon.We have now become 4 space.Impressive and complex 5 it may appear, the rocket, which was 6 in China over 800 years 7 , is a relatively simple device.Fuel that is 8 in the rocket engine changes 9 gas.The hot and rapidly 10 gas must escape, but it can do so only 11 an opening that 12 backwar D.As the gas is 13 with great force, it 14 the rocket in the 15 direction.Like the kick of a gun 16 it is fired, it 17 the laws of nature 18 by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that“ 19 every action, there is 20 equal and opposite reaction.”1.A.shown B.been C.appeared D.proved2.A.against B.despite C.beyond D.from3.A.send nd C.take D.carry4.A.travelers B.astronauts C.researchers D.explorers5.A.that B.so C.as D.sometimes6.A.made B.discovered C.developed D.invented7.A.in advance B.before C.earlier D.ago8.A.round B.contained C.stored D.burned9.A.as B.into C.for D.the10.A.heating B.escaping C.expanding D.conducting11.A.in B.at C.by D.through12.A.turns B.goes C.faces D.directs13.A.transmitted B.dispersed C.erected D.radiated14.A.attracts B.leads C.pulls D.pushes15.A.same B.other C.opposite D.wrong16.A.that B.when C.if D.although17.A.states B.proves C.follows D.breaks18.A.described B.discussed C.considered D.made19.A.like B.as C.with D.for20.A.no B.an C.another D.theCloze三、翻译1. 电影开演半小时了。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(答案) (2)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindnenss. Yet, dark glasses or not , they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes,and even snowblindness,when exposed to several hours of "snow light" .The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country.Rather, a man's eyes frequently find nothing to foucs on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain. So his gaze continually shifts and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of tsomething to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never sotp searching and the eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offsets this irritation by producing more and fluid which covers the eyeball. The fluid coversthe eyeball in increasing quantity until vision blurs, then is obsured,and the result is total, even though temporary,snowblindness. Experiments led the Army to a simple method of overcoming this problem. Scouts ahead of a main body of troops are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes, creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape,Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight , dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus . The men followingcan then see something.Their gaze is arresteD. Their eyes focus on a bush and having found something to see,stop scouring the snow-blanketed lanscape. By focusing their attention on one object at a time,the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is overcome.1.To prevent headaches, watering eyes and blindness caused by the glare from snow, dark glasses are_____.A.indispensibleefulC.ineffectiveD.available2.When the eyes are sore tears are produced to ________.A.clear the visionB.remedy snowblindnessC.ease the irritationD.loosen the muscles3.Snowblindness may be avoided by_______.A.concentrating to the solid white terrainB.searching for something to look at in snow-covered terrainC.providing the eyes with something to foucs onD.covering the eyeballs with fluid4.The scouts shake snow from evergreen bushes in order to _______.A.bive the men behind something to seeB.beautify the landscapeC.warm themselves in the coldD.prevent the men behind from losing their way5.A suitable title for this would be _______.A.snowblindness and how to overcome itB.natrue's cure for snowblindnessC.soldiers in the snowD.snow vision阅读理解（二）Kite flying is the sport of sending up into the air,by means of the wind , a light frame covered with paper,plastic or cloth. The frame can be one of many different shapes and is attached to a long string held in the hand or wound on a drum. Kites have a long history of practical application and many different types of kite have been debeloped to serve various purposes.The ancient Chinese used bird-kites to carry ropes across rivers and valleys. The current folding kite which will dive excitingly is an improved type of such a kite. With its long flat body and single pair of bird-like wings,it looks just like a large bird in the air. The modern version is usually made of tissue-paper rather than the traditional silk. Man-lifting kites were developed in ancient times, again by the Chinese, for getting information from walled cities and army camps. In fact , as recently as world 2 ,German U-boats flew kites from their towers to lift people into the air to watch the lanD. These kites ,which are no longer in existence,were made of light-weight cloth.They were much larger and stronger than the Chinese ones. Their design,however, was simply thatof the cutter kite. Smaller in size,this type of kite is still very popular as a toy for children, being easy to make with a diamond-shaped frame,no wings and brown-paper covering. Box-kites are another type of kite found in toy shops today. The first box-kite,named for its box-like body,was developed in the nineteenth century to test theories of flight and this type of cotton-covered kite greatly assisted the success of early aeroplane.These kites are the ancestors of a heavier version of the box-kite,which consists of two main sections,placed side by side. Developed for the peacetime purpose of fishing in strong sea wind,it is the only modern kite described which has practical value . A long-lasting plastic material has to be used for this kite,which carries fishing lines.1.The ancient Chinese bird-kites were usually made of light frames covered with_____.A.silkB.paperC.clothD.plastic2.The kites used by German U-boats in would war 2 for the military purpose were made of _____.A.brown paperB.plastic materialC.light-weight clothD.traditional silk3.The ancient Chinese man-lifting kites were used_____.A.to carry ropes across rivers and valleysB.for the military purposeC.as toy for childrenD.for fishing in strong sea wind4.Which of the following statements is not ture?A.The frame of a kite is attached to long string held in the hand or wound on drum.B.The ancestor of the double box-kite.C.The cutter kite has a diamond-shaped body but no wings.D.The current folding kite is developed to test theories of flight.5.The best title for this may be______.A.The ancestors of modern kitesB.The history of the chinese kitesC.different types and uses of kitesD.the different between ancient and modern kites.二、完型填空Dalton wondered why the heavier and lighter gases in the atmosphere did not separate as oil andwater do.He finally concluded that the constituent 1 must exist in the form of 2 particles or atoms andthat these 3 be completely mixed together in the 4 .This threw a new light in 5 laws of definiteproportions.It was 6 necessary to suppose that the atoms 7 combinesintossmall groups of uniform 8 andso form more complex substance;9 the mystery of this law was 10 .Dalton suggested, for example, thatcarbon monoxide 11 formed bythe one with one 12 of atoms of carbon and oxygen, 13 carbon dioxideresults from a single 14 of carbon uniting with two atoms 15 oxygen.Assuming this to be true, 16 thedefinite proportions of Prout's law (17 all chemical compounds the different constituents 18 enter inunvarying proportions) would naturally 19 therelative weights of the many 20 kinds of atoms.1.A.gases B.pieces C.things D.gas2.A.timely B.trimmed C.tiny D.topical3.A.ought B.could C.will D.must4.A.sky B.atmosphere C.oxygen D.environment5.A.various B.many C.the D.those6.A.only B.too C.that D.extremely7.A.should B.were C.get D.could8.A.construct B.structure C.piece D.feature9.A.but B.also C.thus D.nevertheless10.A.solved B.discovered C.broked D.told11.A.must B.been C.were D.is12.A.putting B.pairing C.placing D.preparing13.A.while B.when C.therefore D.also14.A.piece B.type C.atom D.measure15.A.from B.in C.of D.for16.A.then B.so C.by D.that17.A.from B.in C.to D.for18.A.are B.wouldn’t C.always D.never19.A.describe B.unit C.mix D.reveal20.A.different ual C.important D.chemical三、单词拼写1.Mr. Li moved to the seashore in his f______(四十来岁).2.H______(听到) the good news, we all jumped with joy.3.I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more c_______(舒服).4.W_______(星期三) is the fourth day of a week.5.Walking every day keep me f_____(健康) than before.参考答案：一、阅读理解：阅读理解（一）答案：CCCAA阅读理解（二）答案：ACBDC二、完型填空1.【答案】A 根据上文中的 heavier and lighter gases 可以确定,本空中应填入“组成的气体”，即 constituent gases。
大学英语四级阅读之二含答案
The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60％b. 50％c. 33％d. 90％答案：cdabc。
2019年12月大学英语四级阅读训练题及答案二
2019年12月大学英语四级阅读训练题及答案二Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Car crashes are the leading cause of injury and death among U.S. children, and though most of us now think of car seats as standard baby equipment, about half of all children under the age of four who died in vehicle accidents last year were notrestrained. It is calculated that only about two-thirds of children aged five to fifteen buckle their seat belts.Moreover, the traffic-safety agency estimates that even among parents who always strap their children in, 85% are not doing it properly. They often don’t know where best to place the kids, don’t use the proper restraint for their age and weight, or don’t install the safety seats properly. Despite the reports about front seats collapsing onto back seats when certain car models get in accidents, the safest place in the car for any child up to the age of 12 is still the back seat. Babies up to 9 kg and one year old should ride in rear-facing infant seats.Never place a child under age 12 in the front seat with a working passenger-side air bag. These devices are discharged at 320 km/h and can be triggered by low-speed fender benders. They have killed 77 kids in the U.S. since 1993. If you must place a child in front, make sure the passenger-side bag is switched off.Children over age one should ride in forward-facing safety seats with a five-point harness system. A child whoweighs at least 18 kg or at least lm high can graduate to a booster seat that elevates her so that the standard shoulder and lap belt fits properly.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
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大学英语四级阅读理解训练（二）
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise
to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and, argue that rewards can improve performance at
work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental
life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity byencouraging dependence
on approval and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But
the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology.
“If they know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high
grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger
holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades.
In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students
handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
1. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ____.
A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards
B) the appropriate amount of external rewards
C) the study of relationship between actions and
D) the effects of external rewards on students' performance
2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for
students?
A) They approve of external rewards.
B) They don't think external rewards.
C) They have doubts about external rewards.
D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college
students.
3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should
educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity?
A) Give rewards for performances which deserve them.
B) Always promise rewards.
C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging.
D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ____.
A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students’
B) punishment is more effective than rewarding
C) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standards
D) discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency
5．Which of the following facts about “token economics” is not correct?
A) Students are assigned challenging tasks.
B) Rewards are given for good performances.
C) Students are evaluated according to the effort they put into the task.
D) With token economics, students’ creativity can be enhanced.
答案与解析：
1. D
心理学家认为外界的奖励对学生会有不同的影响。
事实辨析题。
根据文章第一句话“Psychologists take opposing views of how external re wards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity”可知，心理学家的分歧在于来
自外界的奖励对学生的积极性和创造性究竟有什么影响，故选项D正确.
2. C
许多教育家对外界的奖励持怀疑态度。
文章第二段第一句话提到，后一种观点得到了许多教育工作者的支持，从第一段中可知，后一种观点是：奖励会促使学生对别人的赞许和馈赠产生依赖心理，因此奖励会破坏创造精神。
由此可知，他们对奖励的正面作用持怀疑态度。
故选项C正确。
3. A
根据文中的研究结果表明，教育家通过给予学生应得的奖励来提高他们的积极性和创造性。
文章第三段指出，给予学生恰当的奖励，可使他们发挥更大的创造性，但如果对糟糕的表现也给予奖励，或让学生对奖励有太多的期许，反而会扼杀创造性。
故选项A正确。
4. B
从文中可以得知，一些重点大学试图加强等级标准，因为他们相信惩罚比奖励更有效。
事实辨析题。
从文中第四段可知，许多大学之所以严格考试的评分标准，是因为“A teacher ... who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired
students”。
选项 B 与此意相同。
5. C
根据学生的表现对他们作出评价。
事实辨析题。
根据最后一段的意思，在这种奖励制度下，
要根据学生的表现对他们做出评价，而不仅仅是他们花费了多少精力来完成任务，故选项C 正确。