EXPLORATIONS - Cassini-Huygens at Saturn
关于土星
Prometheus
<R> = 47 km, Density = 0.42
Pandora
<R> = 41 km, Density = 0.54
Ring Spokes – Dust above the ring plane
The Smaller Moons of Saturn
Janus
Telesto Prometheus Helene
Cassini nearIR image
What do we know about Titan?
• It is the biggest of Saturn’s moons. • Titan’s diameter of 5,150 km makes it larger than the planet Mercury with a diameter of 4,880 km and Pluto (2,350 km). • Only Jupiter's moon Ganymede is larger. • Three-and-a-quarter Earth Moons could fit inside Titan. • Titan is the only moon known to have a large atmosphere – maybe thicker than Earth’s (>1,000 mb)! • Its atmosphere is mostly nitrogen, just like the atmosphere surrounding Earth, but thicker. • Its atmosphere contains methane and tiny amounts of oxygen.
昔日CUSPEA精英今安在
昔日CUSPEA精英今安在?CUSPEA（China-U.S.PhysicsExaminationandApplication）项目是中国在李政道教授的创议和帮助下向美国派遣留学生的一项措施。
“文汇”杂志的一期有篇报道文学，就是专门报道考取了88'CUSPEA全国第一名的陈洛祁。
从他小时候一直到在复旦大学上少年班，然后以88'CUSPEA全国第一名的身份去美国Princeton(普林斯顿)大学，那是爱因思坦曾经工作过的地方。
但是现在用google,baidu搜索“陈洛祁”，记录很少，即使有也是类似的记录。
CUSPEA'88姓名NameGenderInstituteinChinaSchoolinUSA陈洛祁ChenLuo-qi男复旦大学Princeton朱俊ZhuJun男中国科学技术大学Stanford(Applied)戴强QiangDai男北京大学Stanford朱长虹ZhuChang-hong男中国科学技术大学Chicago徐行HangXu男北京大学Harvard赖东DongLai男中国科学技术大学Cornell毛淑德MaoShu-de男中国科学技术大学Princeton,Astronomy吕明LuMing男中国科学技术大学Boston刘远明LiuYuan-ming男北京大学Washington-Seattle郑新苓ZhengXin-ling男北京大学UIUC这是88'CUSPEA top10的名单。
第一名就是陈洛祁。
为什么没有音信了呢，因为历届CUSPEA top10目前都成就都不小。
下面的内容是从陈洛祁中学母校的bbs上搜索到的，"小微"是陈洛祁的绰号。
“我可是和"小微"同过座的. 现在还经常自豪地给我太太,我的朋友们,我太太的朋友们,和所有知道南师附中大名的人讲"小微"的故事.讲小微是如何的没特点,没有任何刻苦的痕迹,absolutely no ego -- 看不出有任何征服世界的野心; 讲小微如何在大家埋头苦思三角公式时,轻松地用傅利叶级数算出了结果,讲小微总是在化学课上读一本巨厚的"化学原理",而我在读同样厚的"天龙八部",感觉此人就象乔峰,初了武功奇高,其它方面智商也一般.围棋下不过我,虽然也苦读了我借给他的棋谱;下四国大战更是"瘾大水平低",仿佛和他的年龄相称 -- 比我们差两年. 我到他家去玩过,他的邻居好朋友们是比我们小一些, 可能是他一起长大的玩伴.可惜小微的故事结局不太好. 虽然去了John Nash和爱因斯坦学习,工作过的地方,可没能步伟人的后尘登上诺奖的圣坛,至少目前还没有.最后听到他的消息是在十年前,说是给普林斯顿开除了(不知是真是假). 关于他被开除的原因,有多种传说,其中一种说他多次闯入美国的绝密国防网,虽然没有做什么,只是留下所谓的"Signature", 但因此惹恼了FBI, 用美国人的话说"They werereally pissed off", 小微最终中了FBI的圈套,落入法网.因没做什么, FBI只是给予警告,但擅闯国家机密网站,不可不罚,普林斯顿只好把他开除.另一种传说是他和同学闹矛盾, 在同学的论文答辩上刁难人家,那人后来告他偷看学院的论文答辩题 -- 当然是那种CLASSIFIED, PASSWORD PROTECTED FILE, 但区区密码怎能难得住小微. 学院查有实据(想必小微留下了"到此一游"的Signature), 就把他开除了.种种传说,都和我印象中ego free的小微不符, 是异乡的孤独让天才少年变了态, 还是练成了独孤九剑就把世人不放在眼里了? 希望有人说这些传说都是假的, 小微离开普林斯顿只不过是和比尔.盖茨一样, 觉得世界顶级学府也不过如此, I am my own university.”不过目前，陈洛祁好像是freebsd开发小组的成员。
外研选修8 M5 课文 英汉对译校对版
READING AND VOCABULARY（1）Space：the final FrontierPart 11Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel. 2Millions of people watched that first moon landing on television , their hearts in their mouths, aware of how difficult and dangerous an adventure it was, and what risks had to be taken. With Armstrong's now famous words : " That's one small step for man , one giant leap for mankind" , a dream was achieved. All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth, using a spaceship computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by the average school students today.There were several more journeys into space over the next few years but the single spaceships were very expensive as they could not take off more than once. People were no longer so enthusiastic about a space travel programme that was costing the United States $10 million a day. That was until the arrival of the space shuttle -a spacecraft that could be used for several journeys. The first shuttle flight into space was the Columbia-launched from the Kennedy Space Centre on 12th April,1981. 3The aim of this flight was to test the new shuttle system,to go safely up into orbit and to return to the Earth for a safe landing. It was a success and a little more than a decade after Apollo’s historic voyage, the Colu mbia made a safe, controlled, aeroplane-style landing in California. This was the start of a new age of space travel.By the time the Challenger took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going up into space. But this was going to be a special flight and so millions of people tuned in to witness the take-off on TV. An ordinary teacher, Christa McAuliffe, 37 , who was married with two children, was to be the first civilian in space. She was going to give two fifteen-minute lessons from space. The first was to show the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked. The second was to describe the aims of the Challenger space programme. Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and create new interest in the space programme.Sadly, she never came back to her classroom again, as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida and all seven astronauts were killed.The world was in shock-maybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous thangetting on an aeroplane. But how wrong they were-in one moment excitement and success tumed into fear and disaster. It was the worst space accident ever. As one Russian said at the time , "When something like this happens we are neither Russians nor Americans. We are just human beings who have the same feelings.Part 2I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school. There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger, and we were all very excited. 5We didn't have much patience waiting for the launch. We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke. The Challenger had exploded in midair and we all started screaming.It happened so quickly and everyone was in a state of shock. Like every schoolboy I had thought that going into space as an astronaut must be the best job in the world. When I heard,a few weeks later,that the bodies of the astronauts and even the teacher's lesson plans had been found at the bottom of the ocean,I was not so sure it was worth it at all. 6In spite of all our advanced technology, the world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space.太空——最后的（未开发）领域第一部分自从尼尔•阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月21日首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念已经非常熟悉。
煤焦油沥青GC-MS分析
煤焦油沥青GC-MS分析【摘要】煤焦油沥青是一种成分极其复杂的混合物。
煤焦油沥青用甲苯萃取后，借助于气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-MS）可以测定其中的芳烃和杂环化合物，为提高煤焦油沥青附加值利用提供实验依据。
【关键词】煤焦油沥青（CTP）；甲苯；萃取；气相色谱质谱联用仪；芳烃1.引言气相色谱法（Gas Chromatography）是一种广泛应用非常广泛的分离手段，它是以惰性气体作为流动相的柱色谱法，其分离原理是基于样品中的组分在两相间分配上的差异。
气相色谱法虽然可以将复杂混合物中的各个组分分离开，但其定性能力较差，通常只是利用组分的保留特性来定性，这在欲定性的组分完全未知或无法获得组分的标准样品时，对组分定性分析就十分困难了。
随着质谱、红外光谱及核磁共振等定性分析手段的发展，目前主要采用在线的联用技术，即将色谱法与其它定性或结构分析手段直接联机，来解决色谱定性困难的问题。
气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）是最早实现商品化的色谱联用仪器，实验一次进样体积仅为0.2µL，可以节省不少原料，因此，小型台式GC-MS使用较为普遍。
2. GC/MS的使用原理气相色谱（Gas Chromatography，GC）具有极强的分离能力；质谱（Mass spectrometry，MS）对未知化合物具有独特的鉴定能力，且灵敏度极高，因此GC-MS是分离和检测复杂化合物的最有力工具之一。
质量分析器是质谱仪的核心，它将离子源产生的离子按质荷比（m/z）的不同，在空间位置、时间的先后或轨道的稳定与否进行分离，以得到按质荷比大小顺序排列的质谱图。
标准质谱图是在标准电离条件——70eV电子束轰击已知纯有机化合物得到的质谱图。
在气相色谱-质谱联用仪中，进行组分定性的常用方法是标准谱库检索。
即利用计算机将待分析组分（纯化合物）的质谱图与计算机内保存的已知化合物的标准质谱图按一定程序进行比较，将匹配度（相似度）最高的若干个化合物的名称、分子量、分子式、识别代号及匹配率等数据列出供用户参考。
外研版英语选修八 MODULE 5 课文原文
【MODULE 5】The Conquest of the Universe【READING AND VOCABULARY】Space: the Final Frontier[Part 1]Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel. Millions of people watched that first moon landing on television, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how difficult and dangerous an adventure it was, and what risks had to be taken. With Armstrong`s now famous words:“That`s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”, a dream was achieved. All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth, using a spaceship computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by the average school students today.There were several more journeys into space over the next few years but the single spaceships were very expensive as they could not take off more than once. People were no longer so enthusiastic about a peace travel programme that was costing the United States $10 million a day. That was until the arrival of the space shuttle ——a spacecraft that could be used for several journeys. Thefirst shuttle fight into space was the Columbia——launched from the Kennedy Space Centre on 12th April, 1981,. The aim of this flight was to test the new shuttle system, to go safely up into orbit and to return to the Earth for a safe landing. It was a success and a little more than a decade after Apollo 11`s historic voyage, the Columbia made a safe, controlled, aeroplane-style landing in California. This was the start of a new age of space travel.By the time the Challenger took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going to be a special flight and so millions of people turned in to witness the take-off on TV. An ordinary teacher, Christa McAuliffe, 37, who was married with two children, was to be the first civilian in space. She was going to give two fifteen-minute lessons from space. The first was to show the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked. The second was to describe the aim of the Challenger space programme. Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and create new interest in the space programme.Sadly, she never came back to her classroom again, as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida and all seven astronauts were killed.The world was in shock—— maybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane. But how wrong they were——in one moment excitement and success turned into fear and disaster. It was the worst space accident ever. As one Russian said at the time,“When something like this happens we are neither Russians nor Americans. We are just human being who have the same feelings.”[Part 2]I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school. There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger, and we were all very excited. We didn`t have much patience waiting for the launch. We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke. The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming.It happened so quickly and everyone was schoolboy I had thought that going into space as an astronaut must be the best job in the world. When I heard, a few weeks later, that the bodies of the astronaut and even the teacher`s lesson plans had been found at the bottom of the ocean, I was not so sure it was worth it at all. In spite of all our advanced technology, the world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space.【READINH AND VOCABULARY】Secrets of the Gas GiantThe Cassini-Huygens space probe, which reached Saturn last week, has sent bank amazing photographs of the planet`s famous rings viewed in ultraviolet light. The pictures show them in shades of blue, green and red. The different colours shoe exactly what the rings are made of: the red means the ring contains tiny pieces of rock and the blue and green is likely to be a mixture of water and frozen gases. Saturn itself is made of gases. It is so lightand it could float on water——if a big enough ocean could be found!The probe is an international project to explore the planet and its rings and moons. It was launched in 1997 and its mission was to explore the “gas giant”planet which is the furthest planet to be seen from the Earth without a telescope.Scientist says the spacecraft`s four-year tour of Saturn may tell them how the rings are formed. It will also study the planet`s atmosphere and magnetic field.The porbe has sent back pictures of some of Saturn`s moon, including tiny Phoebe, which has a strange shape——unlike other planets and their moons, it is not perfectly round——and Saturn`s biggest moon, Titan, which is believed to be the only body in the solar system other than the Earth with liquid on the surface. The images of Titan and Phoebe look strangely like photos of Earth and our own Moon, taken decades ago by the earliest space missions. They are so clear that it is easy to forget they ear coming from a distance f one-and-a-half-billion kilometers.【READING PRACTICE】May the Force Be with YouStar Wars is a series of science fantasy films. The six-film series began in 1977, and has a world-wide audience, with films, books, video games, television series and toys. It is now acknowledged by the movie industry as the most successful film series ever. The films were made in random order, and move backwards and forwards through two hundred years. They describe the deeds of Anakin Skywalker, a noble Jedi knight, while Darth Vader, under orders from Lord Sith, creates tension then conflict between various autonomous republics and movements. This results in the defeat of the Jedi.Then Anakin`s son, Luke Skywalker, joins the Rebel Alliance to attack the authority of the new evil Empire. He accuses Darth Vader of killing his father, so he trains to become a Jedi knight and swears to avenge his loss. But to his sorrow, he learns that his father is actually Darth Vader himself. Luke escapes the latter`s grasp, as well as the Emperor`s attempt to turn him to the DarkSide. Instead, to his great relief, he achieves glory by turning his father back to the light side, while the divisions of the Rebel Alliance fleet flights the battle for the airspace over the motherland, and wins the war.Star Wars reflects many abstract concepts in Greek, Roman and Chinese folk stories, such as an ability to foresee the future and the impossibility of controlling one`s destiny. For example, Anakin Skywalker cause the death of his wife coming to her aid. Luke is like the hero lf a wuxia film, with his intention of avenging the death of his father, to become the most powerful Master of his art.The broad theme of Star Wars` philosophy is the Force, and in every movie someone says “May the Force be with you.” Star Wars stresses the dangers of fear, anger, and hate, as well as putting aside one`s sympathy for certain people. For example, Luke Skywalker is ever told that his training rather than rescue his friends.This is consistent with many religious faiths, which stress rational thought, personal dignity and a devotion to praying forholy understanding, as opposed to the “Dark Side”, of violent passion and acute emotion.However, the strongest influence is Taoist philosophy. The Force is similar to Qi, a stable balance of the Yin and Yang forces to human beings and the environment. Many true Taoist masters eventually become supreme beings, similar to Obi-Wan and Yoda who Luke, as their scholar, consults for their teaching and advice. Even the language and clothing convey the philosophy of the Force ——the Dark Force soldiers speak with British accents and wear black uniforms whilst most of the Rebels speaker American English and wear light colours.【CULTURAL CORNER】The War of the WorldsIn 1898, the English writer . Wells wrote what is arguably the most important novel in the history of science fiction The War of the Worlds. It is a dramatic story about an invasion of the Earth by aliens from Mars, a subject that has fascinated science fiction writers and film-makers ever since. But when, in 1938, the American actor and director, Orson Welles set a radio dramaof The War of the Worlds in real life New Jersey town of Grover`s Mill, little did he know what people turned on their radios and heard the Mercury Theatre Company broadcast, it was so realistic that they believed every word:Ladies and gentlemen, I have a grave announcement to make. Incredible as it may seen, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that those strange beings who landed in the New Jersey farmlands tonight are the vanguard of an invading army from the planet Mars. Orson Welles had managed to set in motion a panic across America. When people heard that an invasion by aliens from Mars was underway, there was a wave of mass hysteria. Hundreds of people left their homes in panic, there were traffic jams all over the state and the police received thousands of telephone calls from terrified listeners who believed that Martians were attacking.The sleepy town of Grover`s Mill for an hour became the centre of the universe.One 13-year-old boy was doing his homework when he hears the first newsflash of the invasion. Taking the radio into the cafédownstairs where his mother worked, he and a dozen or so customerslistened with mounting fear to the broadcast, until the men jumped up and announced they were going to get their guns and join in the defence at Grover`s Mill.Did Orson Welles deliberately set out to terrify the nation Or was it simply a masterpiece of realistic theatre Either way, The War of the Worlds will be remembered as a piece of broadcasting history.。
探索太空英语作文模板范文
探索太空英语作文模板范文英文回答：Exploring the Cosmos: An Enduring Human Endeavor。
Space exploration, an audacious undertaking that has captivated the human imagination for centuries, has profoundly expanded our understanding of the universe and our place within it. Since the dawn of humankind, we have gazed up at the night sky, pondering the mysteries that lie beyond our earthly realm.Early civilizations left behind celestial calendars, such as Stonehenge in England and the Maya Pyramids in Mexico, which attest to their keen observations of the stars and planets. In the 16th century, Nicolaus Copernicus revolutionized our understanding of the cosmos with his heliocentric theory, placing the sun, not the Earth, at the center of our solar system. This breakthrough paved the way for the era of modern astronomy.In the 20th century, the advent of rocket propulsion technology set the stage for a new chapter in space exploration. On October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth. This historic event marked the beginning of the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union, which spurred rapid advancements in rocketry, satellite technology, and manned spaceflight.The United States played a pivotal role in this cosmic competition, achieving significant milestones such as the first manned moon landing in 1969, a feat accomplished by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. The Apollo program, which put humans on the lunar surface, provided invaluable scientific data and inspired generations of young minds to pursue careers in science and engineering.In recent years, space exploration has become a truly global endeavor, with numerous countries and international organizations collaborating on ambitious missions. The Hubble Space Telescope, launched in 1990, hasrevolutionized our understanding of the universe by providing breathtaking images of distant galaxies and celestial phenomena. The International Space Station, a joint project involving the United States, Russia, Europe, Japan, and Canada, serves as a permanent human outpost in low Earth orbit, conducting groundbreaking research in microgravity and astrophysics.Today, space exploration continues to be a driving force behind technological innovation and scientific discovery. Missions such as the Cassini-Huygens probe, which explored Saturn and its moons, and the New Horizons probe, which flew by Pluto and its moon Charon, have provided unprecedented insights into the outer reaches of our solar system.Private companies are also playing an increasingly significant role in space exploration. SpaceX, founded by Elon Musk, has developed reusable rockets that have significantly reduced the cost of accessing space. Blue Origin, another private spaceflight company, is focused on developing reusable spacecraft for suborbital tourism andcommercial satellite launches.The future of space exploration holds endless possibilities. Plans are underway to send humans back to the moon and eventually to Mars, where we may establish permanent settlements. The exploration of other planets and moons, such as Jupiter's moon Europa and Saturn's moon Enceladus, which are believed to possess subsurface oceans, may yield tantalizing discoveries about the potential for life beyond Earth.Space exploration is not merely a scientific pursuit; it is a profound human endeavor that transcends national boundaries and inspires us to dream big. It represents our insatiable curiosity, our boundless ingenuity, and our eternal quest for knowledge and understanding of the vast cosmos that surrounds us.中文回答：探索太空，一项永恒的人类事业。
新教材高考英语一轮Unit4SpaceExploration单元主题训练必修第三册
UNIT 4 单元主题训练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2022·佛山二模)The future of space exploration may depend on an art form from the past: origami (折纸艺术), the ancient art of paper folding.Researchers from Washington State University (WSU), US, have used origami to possibly solve the problem of storing and moving fuel to rocket engines, a key challenge in space travel, according to Newswise.They've developed a foldable plastic fuel “bladder (囊状物)” resistant to super cold temperatures, which could be used to store and pump fuel in spacecrafts of the future.Their findings have recently been published in the journal Cryogenics.“Folks have been trying to make bags for rocket fuel for a long time，” said Jake Leachman, one of the lead researchers.“We currently don't do large, long-duration trips because we can't store fuel long enough in space.”Meanwhile, NASA is also looking to paper folding to help observe distant planets.The agency is currently developing Starshade, a foldable, sunflower-shaped piece of hardware that would help block starlight and enable telescopes to view distant objects more clearly in space.“A huge part of my job is looking at something on paper and asking, ‘Can we fly this？’” Manan Arya, a technologist in California, said.“Once I realized this is how you fold spacecraft structures, I became interested in origami.I realized I was good at it and enjoyed it.Now, I fold constantly.”Using origami for space purposes isn't new, however.Solar arrays (太阳能阵列), experimental wings for space shuttle programs and an inflatable (可充气的) satellite were also inspired by origami in both past and present space projects.“With most origami, the magic comes from the folding，” Robert Salazar, who helped design the Starshade and now works on the Transformers project, said in a statement.“There are so many patterns to still be explored.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。
土星
土星是太阳系中最大的行星之一，被称为“太阳系的珍珠”或“太阳系的宝石”，因其美丽的环和许多卫星而闻名于世。
在本文中，我们将详细介绍土星的物理特性、大气层、磁场、环和卫星，并探讨目前对土星的探测任务和未来研究的方向。
物理特性土星是太阳系中第二大的行星，它的直径约为142,984公里，质量约为5.68×10²⁶千克，相当于地球质量的95倍。
它的平均密度约为0.69克/立方厘米，比水的密度还要小，因此，如果有一个足够大的海洋，土星可以浮在上面。
土星的自转速度非常快，它的自转周期仅为10小时39分钟，这意味着一个土星的日子比地球短得多。
由于其极端快速的自转速度，土星在赤道处呈现出扁平的形状，其赤道半径比极半径长得多。
土星是一颗气态行星，主要由氢和氦组成，其中氢占了大约96%的体积，而氦则占了大约3%的体积。
此外，还有一些其他的气体，如甲烷、氨、乙烯等，它们在土星的大气层中形成了丰富的化学反应，使得土星的大气层具有独特的物理和化学特性。
大气层土星的大气层是由许多不同层组成的，每一层都有其特定的物理和化学特性。
土星的大气层主要由分层的云层和气体组成。
从最外层到最内层，可以分为以下几层：大气层外围的层称为外部大气层，这一层主要由分子氢和分子氦组成。
这一层的温度非常低，只有-180℃左右。
外围大气层下方是云层层，这里的气温逐渐升高，云层包括热层、暴雨带、玻璃云层、云气层等。
其中，暴雨带是最引人注目的地方之一，它是由巨大的雷暴云和降雨形成的。
热层中的温度高达1,200℃，是太阳系中最高的气温之一。
云层下方是大气层的“透明层”，在这一层中，气体的密度逐渐增加，温度也逐渐升高。
这一层主要由氢和氦组成，但也包括一些其他的气体，如甲烷、氨、乙烯等。
最内层是土星的对流层，这一层中气体密度非常高，温度约为-150℃。
在这一层中，气体的运动形成了强烈的对流，使得土星的大气层呈现出复杂的流动模式。
土星的大气层还有许多其他特殊的现象，如极光、风暴、旋涡等。
飞碟探索作文模板英语
飞碟探索作文模板英语英文回答：The Search for Extraterrestrial Life: A Literary Exploration。
Introduction:The quest for extraterrestrial life has captivated the human imagination for centuries. From the writings of ancient Greek philosophers to the modern-day exploration of Mars, the search for life beyond Earth has fueled our curiosity and shaped our understanding of the universe.This essay explores the literary dimensions of the searchfor extraterrestrial life, examining the ways in which literature has both shaped and reflected our fascinationwith this enigmatic subject.1. The Origins of the Extraterrestrial Life Hypothesis。
The idea of life existing beyond Earth has its roots in ancient civilizations. Anaxagoras, a sixth-century BC Greek philosopher, proposed that the sun and moon were not divine beings but rather celestial bodies inhabited by other worlds. In the Middle Ages, theologians debated the possibility of extraterrestrial life, often considering it a theological question related to the unique nature of the human soul.2. The Rise of Scientific Exploration。
空间探测器
空间探测器Space probe阅读提示：空间探测器（Space probe）是用于探测外太空的飞行器。
探测器通常用于执行某一特定的任务。
A space probe is an unmanned space mission in which a spacecraft leaves Earth's orbit. The first successful space probe was the Soviet Luna 1, which studied the Moon in 1959. Subsequently, space agencies in the United States, Europe and Japan have flown probes to nearly every planet in the solar system and several asteroids and comets.Lunar probesLuna program - Soviet Lunar exploration (1959-1976).Ranger program - US Lunar hard-landing probes (1961-1965).Zond program - Soviet Lunar exploration (1964-1970).Surveyor program - US Lunar soft-landing probe (1966-1968).Lunar Orbiter program - US Lunar orbital (1966-1967).Lunokhod program - Soviet Lunar Rover probes (1970-1973).Muses-A mission (Hiten and Hagoromo) - Japanese Lunar orbital and hard-landing probes (1990-1993).Clementine - US Lunar orbital (1998).Lunar Prospector - US Lunar orbital (1998-1999).Smart 1 - European Lunar orbital (2003).LUNAR-A - Japanese lunar orbiter and penetrators, launch scheduled for 2004 but delayed ever since.SELENE - Japanese lunar orbiter and lander, launch postponed to Jan 2006.Mars probesZond program - failed Soviet flyby probeMars probe program - Soviet orbiters and landersViking program - Two US orbiters and landers (1974)Phobos program - Failed Soviet orbiters and Phobos landersMars Pathfinder - Lander and wheeled robot (1996)Mars Surveyor '98 program (Mars Climate Orbiter and Mars Polar Lander) - Failed US probesMars Odyssey - US orbiterMars Observer - failed US Mars orbiterMars Express (Mars Express Orbiter and Beagle 2) - European orbiter and failed lander 2003)Mars Exploration Rovers - US rovers (2004-present)Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter - US, launched 2005Mars Science Laboratory - US, to be launched 2009General solar system probesVenera program - Soviet Venus orbiter and landerVega program - Soviet mission to Venus and Comet HalleyZond program - Soviet flyby missions to the Moon, Venus, and MarsPioneer Venus project - US Venus orbiterMariner program - US Mercury, Venus and Mars flybysPioneer program - US Jupiter and Saturn flybysVoyager program - US Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune flyby and study of interstellar spaceGiotto mission - European flyby of Comet Halley (1986)Sakigake probe - Japanese flyby of Comet Halley (1986)Suisei probe - Japanese flyby of Comet Halley (1986)Galileo probe - US Jupiter orbiter and atmosphere probeMagellan probe - US Venus orbiterCassini-Huygens - US-European Saturn orbiter and Titan lander Huygens (1997-present)NEAR Shoemaker - US asteroid lander, launched 1996Deep Space 1 - US comet/asteroid flyby, 1998-2000Stardust probe - US comet flyby and sample return, launched 1999, expected return 2006Genesis - first solar wind sample return mission, 1991-2004 (crash)CONTOUR - US comet flyby mission; launch failure in 2003Hayabusa - Japanese asteroid orbiter, lander and sample return, launched 2003 Rosetta - European comet orbiter and lander (Philae); launched 2004MESSENGER - US Mercury orbiter, launched 2004Deep Impact - successful US comet impactor, launched 2005Venus Express - ESA probe to be sent for the observation of the Venus's weather in 2005.Dawn - US Ceres and Vesta orbiter, to be launched in 2006。
詹秋念翻译3
Ⅱ. 翻译实践内容：Passage 1:Pessimistic Outlook Does Harm to Your HealthBy Anna RoufosA growing amount of research shows a pessimistic outlook can take a huge toll on your health. This may be because pessimists are not as good as optimists at handling stress, which taxes the immune system and causes other health problems, such as high blood pressure. Optimists go into situations with more confidence, so events seem less threatening and stressful. And in situations where stress is unavoidable, positive thinkers also have stronger coping methods. Looking at the bright side may also lead to a longer life. Researchers have found that those who were pessimists had a 19 percent increased risk of death. Studies of HIV patients also have found that the health of optimists doesn't decline as rapidly.Fortunately, even a confirmed negativist can change. To start, experts recommend using a trick called creative accounting. Keep a mental checklist of all the good things that happen to you. Simply focusing on the positive can boost your mood. You can also try to avoid upward comparison. There will always be someone prettier and wealthier, but constantly compare yourself to them will leave your feeling down and envious.Finally, recognize how your mood affects your outlook. Optimists know that if they are in good spirits, their day-to-day experiences and interactions are more positive. So see if you can muster a smile. The result might be a happier－and healthier－you.Passage 2:The Bounty of the SeaJacques CoustauDuring the past thirty years, I have observed and studied the oceans closely, and with my own two eyes I have seen them sicken. Certain reefs that teemed with fish only ten years ago are now almost lifeless. The ocean bottom has been raped by trawlers. Priceless wetlands have been destroyed by landfill. And everywhere are sticky globs of oil, plastic refuse, and unseen clouds of poisonous effluents. Often, when I describe the symptoms of the oceans' sickness, I hear remarks like "they're only fish" or "they're only whales" or "they're only birds". But I assure you that our destinies are linked with theirs in the most profound and fundamental manner. For if the oceans should die -- by which I mean that all life in the sea would finally cease -- this would signal the end not only for marine life but for all other animals and plants of this earth, including man.With life departed, the ocean would become, in effect, one enormous cesspool. Billions of decaying bodies, large and small, would create such an insupportable stench that man would be forced to leave all the coastal regions. But far worse would follow.The ocean acts as the earth's buffer. It maintains a fine balance between the many salts and gases which make life possible. But dead seas would have no buffering effect. The carbon dioxide content of theatmosphere would start on a steady and remorseless climb, and when it reached a certain level a "greenhouse effect" would be created. The heat that normally radiates outward from the earth to space would be blocked by the CO2, and sea level temperatures would dramatically increase.One catastrophic effect of this heat would be melting of the icecaps at both the North and South Poles. As a result, the ocean would rise by 100 feet or more, enough to flood almost all the world's major cities. These rising waters would drive one-third of the earth's billions inland, creating famine, fighting, chaos, and disease on a scale almost impossible to imagine.Meanwhile, the surface of the ocean would have scrummed over with a thick film of decayed matter, and would no longer be able to give water freely to the skies through evaporation. Rain would become a rarity, creating global drought and even more famine.But the final act is yet to come. The wretched remnant of the human race would now be packed cheek by jowl on the remaining highlands, bewildered, starving, struggling to survive from hour to hour. Then would be visited upon them the final plague, anoxia (lack of Oxygen)．This would be caused by the extinction of plankton algae and the reduction of land vegetation，the two sources that supply the oxygen you are now breathing．And so man would finally die，slowly gasping out his life on somebarren hill．He would have survived the oceans by perhaps thirty years．And his heirs would be bacteria and a few scavenger insects.注释：1. salt：A chemical compound formed by replacing all or part of the hydrogen ions of an acid with metal ions or electropositive radicals. 盐类：由金属离子或正电原子团替代酸中所有或部分的氢离子而得到的化合物2. scrum A filmy layer of extraneous or impure matter that forms on or rises to the surface of a liquid or body of water 浮渣：在水体表面形成或浮到水面上的一薄层浮垢或渣滓3. The refuse or dross of molten metals.4. anoxia (lack of Oxygen) [医]缺氧症5. plankton algae 浮游藻类6. scavenger insects 食腐昆虫背景介绍：本文作者雅克·库斯托（1910—1997)，系法国著名生物学家和海洋学家，1974年发起库斯托协会，致力于保护海洋生命。
《百年孤独》作品介绍
• "One hundred years of solitude" is considered to be the representative works of Latin America "literary explosion" era. Holds the extremely important status in the history of world literature. In Latin America the world only a few writers can be comparable to Borges. But the style of study in the world pull off. Magic realism is considered to be one of the creative writing.
About the author
•
GABRIEL GARCIA MARQUEZ was born in Aracataca, Colombia in 1928, but he has lived most of his life in Mexico and Europe. He attended the University and later worked as staff reporter and film critic for a Colombian newspaper. In addition to ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF SOLITUDE. he has also written two collections of short fiction, Marquez currently lives with his wife and children in Barcelona
斯仑贝谢所有测井曲线英文名称解释精编版
斯仑贝谢所有测井曲线英文名称解释OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRONYMS USED FOR WIRELINE SCHLUMBERGER TOOLSACT Aluminum Clay ToolAMS Auxiliary Measurement Sonde APS Accelerator Porosity SondeARI Azimuthal Resistivity ImagerASI Array Sonic ImagerBGKT Vertical Seismic Profile Tool BHC Borehole Compensated Sonic Tool BHTV Borehole TeleviewerCBL Casing Bond LogCNT Compensated Neutron ToolDIT Dual Induction ToolDLL Dual Laterolog DSI Dipole Sonic ImagerFMS Formation MicroScannerGHMT Geologic High Resolution MagneticToolGPIT General Purpose Inclinometer ToolGR Natural Gamma RayGST Induced Gamma Ray SpectrometryToolHLDS Hostile Environment LithodensitySondeHLDT Hostile Environment LithodensityToolHNGS Hostile Environment Gamma RaySondeLDT Lithodensity ToolLSS Long Spacing Sonic ToolMCD Mechanical Caliper DeviceNGT Natural Gamma Ray SpectrometryToolNMRT Nuclear Resonance Magnetic ToolQSST Inline Checkshot ToolSDT Digital Sonic ToolSGT Scintillation Gamma Ray ToolSUMT Susceptibility Magnetic ToolUBI Ultrasonic Borehole ImagerVSI Vertical Seismic ImagerWST Well Seismic ToolWST-3 3-Components Well Seismic ToolOCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRONYMS USED FOR LWDSCHLUMBERGER TOOLSADN Azimuthal Density-NeutronCDN Compensated Density-NeutronCDR Compensated Dual ResistivityISONIC Ideal Sonic-While-DrillingNMR Nuclear Magnetic ResonanceRAB Resistivity-at-the-BitOCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRONYMS USED FOR NON-SCHLUMBERGER SPECIALTY TOOLSMCS Multichannel Sonic ToolMGT Multisensor Gamma ToolSST Shear Sonic ToolTAP Temperature-Acceleration-Pressure ToolTLT Temperature Logging Tool OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRONYMS AND UNITS USED FOR WIRELINE SCHLUMBERGER LOGSAFEC APS Far Detector Counts (cps) ANEC APS Near Detector Counts (cps) AX Acceleration X Axis (ft/s2)AY Acceleration Y Axis (ft/s2)AZ Acceleration Z Axis (ft/s2) AZIM Constant Azimuth for DeviationCorrection (deg)APLC APS Near/Array Limestone PorosityCorrected (%)C1 FMS Caliper 1 (in)C2 FMS Caliper 2 (in)CALI Caliper (in)CFEC Corrected Far Epithermal Counts (cps)CFTC Corrected Far Thermal Counts (cps)CGR Computed (Th+K) Gamma Ray (APIunits)CHR2 Peak Coherence, Receiver Array,Upper DipoleCHRP Compressional Peak Coherence,Receiver Array, P&SCHRS Shear Peak Coherence, ReceiverArray, P&SCHTP Compressional Peak Coherence,Transmitter Array, P&SCHTS Shear Peak Coherence, TransmitterArray, P&SCNEC Corrected Near Epithermal Counts(cps)CNTC Corrected Near Thermal Counts (cps)CS Cable Speed (m/hr)CVEL Compressional Velocity (km/s)DATN Discriminated Attenuation (db/m)DBI Discriminated Bond IndexDEVI Hole Deviation (degrees)DF Drilling Force (lbf)DIFF Difference Between MEAN andMEDIAN in Delta-Time Proc. (microsec/ft)DRH HLDS Bulk Density Correction (g/cm3)DRHO Bulk Density Correction (g/cm3)DT Short Spacing Delta-Time (10\'-8\'spacing; microsec/ft)DT1 Delta-Time Shear, Lower Dipole(microsec/ft)DT2 Delta-Time Shear, Upper Dipole (microsec/ft)DT4P Delta- Time Compressional, P&S (microsec/ft)DT4S Delta- Time Shear, P&S (microsec/ft))DT1R Delta- Time Shear, Receiver Array, Lower Dipole (microsec/ft)DT2R Delta- Time Shear, Receiver Array, Upper Dipole (microsec/ft)DT1T Delta-Time Shear, Transmitter Array, Lower Dipole (microsec/ft)DT2T Delta-Time Shear, Transmitter Array, Upper Dipole (microsec/ft)DTCO Delta- Time Compressional (microsec/ft)DTL Long Spacing Delta-Time (12\'-10\' spacing; microsec/ft)DTLF Long Spacing Delta-Time (12\'-10\' spacing; microsec/ft)DTLN Short Spacing Delta-Time (10\'-8\' spacing; microsec/ft DTRP Delta-Time Compressional, ReceiverArray, P&S (microsec/ft)DTRS Delta-Time Shear, Receiver Array,P&S (microsec/ft)DTSM Delta-Time Shear (microsec/ft)DTST Delta-Time Stoneley (microsec/ft)DTTP Delta-Time Compressional,Transmitter Array, P&S (microsec/ft)DTTS Delta-Time Shear, Transmitter Array,P&S (microsec/ft)ECGR Environmentally Corrected GammaRay (API units)EHGR Environmentally Corrected HighResolution Gamma Ray (API units)ENPH Epithermal Neutron Porosity (%)ENRA Epithermal Neutron RatioETIM Elapsed Time (sec)FINC Magnetic Field Inclination (degrees)FNOR Magnetic Field Total Moment(oersted)FX Magnetic Field on X Axis (oersted)FY Magnetic Field on Y Axis (oersted)FZ Magnetic Field on Z Axis (oersted)GR Natural Gamma Ray (API units)HALC High Res. Near/Array LimestonePorosity Corrected (%)HAZI Hole Azimuth (degrees)HBDC High Res. Bulk Density Correction(g/cm3)HBHK HNGS Borehole Potassium (%)HCFT High Resolution Corrected FarThermal Counts (cps)HCGR HNGS Computed Gamma Ray (APIunits)HCNT High Resolution Corrected NearThermal Counts (cps)HDEB High Res. Enhanced Bulk Density(g/cm3)HDRH High Resolution Density Correction(g/cm3)HFEC High Res. Far Detector Counts (cps)HFK HNGS Formation Potassium (%)HFLC High Res. Near/Far Limestone Porosity Corrected (%)HEGR Environmentally Corrected High Resolution Natural Gamma Ray (API units)HGR High Resolution Natural Gamma Ray (API units)HLCA High Res. Caliper (inHLEF High Res. Long-spaced Photoelectric Effect (barns/e-)HNEC High Res. Near Detector Counts (cps)HNPO High Resolution Enhanced Thermal Nutron Porosity (%)HNRH High Resolution Bulk Density (g/cm3)HPEF High Resolution Photoelectric Effect (barns/e-)HRHO High Resolution Bulk Density (g/cm3)HROM High Res. Corrected Bulk Density (g/cm3) HSGR HNGS Standard (total) Gamma Ray(API units)HSIG High Res. Formation Capture CrossSection (capture units)HSTO High Res. Computed Standoff (in)HTHO HNGS Thorium (ppm)HTNP High Resolution Thermal NeutronPorosity (%)HURA HNGS Uranium (ppm)IDPH Phasor Deep Induction (ohmm)IIR Iron Indicator Ratio [CFE/(CCA+CSI)]ILD Deep Resistivity (ohmm)ILM Medium Resistivity (ohmm)IMPH Phasor Medium Induction (ohmm)ITT Integrated Transit Time (s)LCAL HLDS Caliper (in)LIR Lithology Indicator Ratio[CSI/(CCA+CSI)]LLD Laterolog Deep (ohmm)LLS Laterolog Shallow (ohmm)LTT1 Transit Time (10\'; microsec)LTT2 Transit Time (8\'; microsec)LTT3 Transit Time (12\'; microsec)LTT4 Transit Time (10\'; microsec)MAGB Earth\'s Magnetic Field (nTes)MAGC Earth Conductivity (ppm)MAGS Magnetic Susceptibility (ppm)MEDIAN Median Delta-T Recomputed(microsec/ft)MEAN Mean Delta-T Recomputed(microsec/ft)NATN Near Pseudo-Attenuation (db/m)NMST Magnetometer Temperature (degC)NMSV Magnetometer Signal Level (V)NPHI Neutron Porosity (%)NRHB LDS Bulk Density (g/cm3)P1AZ Pad 1 Azimuth (degrees)PEF Photoelectric Effect (barns/e-)PEFL LDS Long-spaced Photoelectric Effect (barns/e-)PIR Porosity Indicator Ratio[CHY/(CCA+CSI)]POTA Potassium (%)RB Pad 1 Relative Bearing (degrees)RHL LDS Long-spaced Bulk Density (g/cm3)RHOB Bulk Density (g/cm3)RHOM HLDS Corrected Bulk Density(g/cm3)RMGS Low Resolution Susceptibility (ppm)SFLU Spherically Focused Log (ohmm)SGR Total Gamma Ray (API units)SIGF APS Formation Capture Cross Section (capture units)SP Spontaneous Potential (mV)STOF APS Computed Standoff (in)SURT Receiver Coil Temperature (degC) SVEL Shear Velocity (km/s)SXRT NMRS differential Temperature(degC)TENS Tension (lb)THOR Thorium (ppm)TNRA Thermal Neutron RatioTT1 Transit Time (10\' spacing; microsec)TT2 Transit Time (8\' spacing; microsec)TT3 Transit Time (12\' spacing; microsec)TT4 Transit Time (10\' spacing; microsec)URAN Uranium (ppm)V4P Compressional Velocity, from DT4P(P&S; km/s)V4S Shear Velocity, from DT4S (P&S; km/s)VELP Compressional Velocity (processedfrom waveforms; km/s)VELS Shear Velocity (processed fromwaveforms; km/s)VP1 Compressional Velocity, from DT,DTLN, or MEAN (km/s)VP2 Compressional Velocity, from DTL,DTLF, or MEDIAN (km/s)VCO Compressional Velocity, from DTCO(km/s)VS Shear Velocity, from DTSM (km/s)VST Stonely Velocity, from DTST km/s)VS1 Shear Velocity, from DT1 (LowerDipole; km/s)VS2 Shear Velocity, from DT2 (UpperDipole; km/s)VRP Compressional Velocity, from DTRP(Receiver Array, P&S; km/s)VRS Shear Velocity, from DTRS (ReceiverArray, P&S; km/s)VS1R Shear Velocity, from DT1R (ReceiverArray, Lower Dipole; km/s)VS2R Shear Velocity, from DT2R (ReceiverArray, Upper Dipole; km/s)VS1T Shear Velocity, from DT1T (Transmitter Array, Lower Dipole; km/s)VS2T Shear Velocity, from DT2T (Transmitter Array, Upper Dipole; km/s)VTP Compressional Velocity, from DTTP (Transmitter Array, P&S; km/s)VTS Shear Velocity, from DTTS (Transmitter Array, P&S; km/s)#POINTS Number of Transmitter-Receiver Pairs Used in Sonic ProcessingW1NG NGT Window 1 counts (cps)W2NG NGT Window 2 counts (cps)W3NG NGT Window 3 counts (cps)W4NG NGT Window 4 counts (cps)W5NG NGT Window 5 counts (cps)OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMACRONYMS AND UNITS USED FOR LWD SCHLUMBERGER LOGSAT1F Attenuation Resistivity (1 ft resolution; ohmm) AT2F Attenuation Resistivity (2 ftresolution; ohmm)AT3F Attenuation Resistivity (3 ftresolution; ohmm)AT4F Attenuation Resistivity (4 ftresolution; ohmm)AT5F Attenuation Resistivity (5 ftresolution; ohmm)ATR Attenuation Resistivity (deep; ohmm)BFV Bound Fluid Volume (%)B1TM RAB Shallow Resistivity Time afterBit (s)B2TM RAB Medium Resistivity Time afterBit (s)B3TM RAB Deep Resistivity Time after Bit(s)BDAV Deep Resistivity Average (ohmm)BMAV Medium Resistivity Average (ohmm)BSAV Shallow Resistivity Average (ohmm)CGR Computed (Th+K) Gamma Ray (APIunits)DCAL Differential Caliper (in)DROR Correction for CDN rotationaldensity (g/cm3).DRRT Correction for ADN rotationaldensity (g/cm3).DTAB AND or CDN Density Time after Bit(hr)FFV Free Fluid Volume (%)GR Gamma Ray (API Units)GR7 Sum Gamma Ray WindowsGRW7+GRW8+GRW9-Equivalent toWireline NGT window 5 (cps)GRW3 Gamma Ray Window 3 counts(cps)-Equivalent to Wireline NGT window1GRW4 Gamma Ray Window 4 counts(cps)-Equivalent to Wireline NGT window2GRW5 Gamma Ray Window 5 counts (cps)-Equivalent to Wireline NGT window 3GRW6 Gamma Ray Window 6 counts (cps)-Equivalent to Wireline NGT window 4GRW7 Gamma Ray Window 7 counts (cps)GRW8 Gamma Ray Window 8 counts (cps)GRW9 Gamma Ray Window 9 counts (cps)GTIM CDR Gamma Ray Time after Bit (s)GRTK RAB Gamma Ray Time after Bit (s)HEF1 Far He Bank 1 counts (cps)HEF2 Far He Bank 2 counts (cps)HEF3 Far He Bank 3 counts (cps)HEF4 Far He Bank 4 counts (cps)HEN1 Near He Bank 1 counts (cps)HEN2 Near He Bank 2 counts (cps)HEN3 Near He Bank 3 counts (cps)HEN4 Near He Bank 4 counts (cps) MRP Magnetic Resonance PorosityNTAB ADN or CDN Neutron Time after Bit(hr)PEF Photoelectric Effect (barns/e-)POTA Potassium (%) ROPE Rate ofPenetration (ft/hr)PS1F Phase Shift Resistivity (1 ft resolution;ohmm)PS2F Phase Shift Resistivity (2 ft resolution;ohmm)PS3F Phase Shift Resistivity (3 ft resolution;ohmm)PS4F Phase Shift Resistivity (4 ft resolution;ohmm)PS5F Phase Shift Resistivity (5 ft resolution;ohmm)PSR Phase Shift Resistivity (shallow; ohmm)RBIT Bit Resistivity (ohmm)RBTM RAB Resistivity Time After Bit (s)RING Ring Resistivity (ohmm)ROMT Max. Density Total (g/cm3) fromrotational processingROP Rate of Penetration (m/hr)ROP1 Rate of Penetration, average overlast 1 ft (m/hr).ROP5 Rate of Penetration, average overlast 5 ft (m/hr)ROPE Rate of Penetration, averaged overlast 5 ft (ft/hr)RPM RAB Tool Rotation Speed (rpm)RTIM CDR or RAB Resistivity Time after Bit(hr)SGR Total Gamma Ray (API units)T2 T2 Distribution (%)T2LM T2 Logarithmic Mean (ms)THOR Thorium (ppm)TNPH Thermal Neutron Porosity (%)TNRA Thermal RatioURAN Uranium (ppm)OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAMADDITIONAL ACRONYMS AND UNITS(PROCESSED LOGS FROM GEOCHEMICAL TOOL STRING)AL2O3 Computed Al2O3 (dry weight %)AL2O3MIN Computed Al2O3 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)AL2O3MAX Computed Al2O3 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)CAO Computed CaO (dry weight %)CAOMIN Computed CaO Standard Deviation (dry weight %)CAOMAX Computed CaO Standard Deviation (dry weight %)CACO3 Computed CaCO3 (dry weight %)CACO3MIN Computed CaCO3 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)CACO3MAX Computed CaCO3 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)CCA Calcium Yield (decimal fraction) CCHL Chlorine Yield (decimal fraction)CFE Iron Yield (decimal fraction)CGD Gadolinium Yield (decimal fraction)CHY Hydrogen Yield (decimal fraction)CK Potassium Yield (decimal fraction)CSI Silicon Yield (decimal fraction)CSIG Capture Cross Section (capture units)CSUL Sulfur Yield (decimal fraction)CTB Background Yield (decimal fraction)CTI Titanium Yield (decimal fraction)FACT Quality Control CurveFEO Computed FeO (dry weight %)FEOMIN Computed FeO StandardDeviation (dry weight %)FEOMAX Computed FeO StandardDeviation (dry weight %)FEO* Computed FeO* (dry weight %)FEO*MIN Computed FeO* StandardDeviation (dry weight %)FEO*MAX Computed FeO* StandardDeviation (dry weight %)FE2O3 Computed Fe2O3 (dry weight %)FE2O3MIN Computed Fe2O3 StandardDeviation (dry weight %)FE2O3MAX Computed Fe2O3 StandardDeviation (dry weight %)GD Computed Gadolinium (dry weight %)GDMIN Computed Gadolinium StandardDeviation (dry weight %)GDMAX Computed Gadolinium StandardDeviation (dry weight %)K2O Computed K2O (dry weight %)K2OMIN Computed K2O StandardDeviation (dry weight %)K2OMAX Computed K2O StandardDeviation (dry weight %)MGO Computed MgO (dry weight %)MGOMIN Computed MgO Standard Deviation (dry weight %)MGOMAX Computed MgO Standard Deviation (dry weight %)S Computed Sulfur (dry weight %)SMIN Computed Sulfur Standard Deviation (dry weight %)SMAX Computed Sulfur Standard Deviation (dry weight %)SIO2 Computed SiO2 (dry weight %)SIO2MIN Computed SiO2 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)SIO2MAX Computed SiO2 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)THORMIN Computed Thorium Standard Deviation (ppm)THORMAX Computed Thorium Standard Deviation (ppm)TIO2 Computed TiO2 (dry weight %) TIO2MIN Computed TiO2 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)TIO2MAX Computed TiO2 Standard Deviation (dry weight %)URANMIN Computed Uranium Standard Deviation (ppm)URANMAX Computed Uranium Standard Deviation (ppm)VARCA Variable CaCO3/CaO calcium carbonate/oxide factor。
旧书不厌百回读,熟读深思子自知—— 温州市“一模”试卷阅
题型
题号 正答率% 题型
62 64 70 70
主旨大意
【成因分析】
一、缺乏阅读经验，制约理解效果
二、无视文体风格，迷失作者意图 三、忽视篇章结构，曲解文本主旨 四、混淆词汇含义，盲目推理判断
【施教探讨】
一、精选材料，实现语象境界到心象境界的转化 二、拓展阅读，促进不同文体的阅读策 略的养成
三、举一反三，提高学生长难句的理解能力
Task 2: Using the words
Task 3: Read the passage “Why should mankind explore space?” and answer questions
1. Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph1? 2. What is the reason for exploring space based on Paragraph2? 3. The underlined word "spin-offs" in Paragraph 4 probably refers to______. 4. What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets? 5. Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?
61 62 63 64 65 89 41 92 50 87
题号 正答率%
第二节：
题号 正答率%
失分题型：
题号 正答率%
44 48 49 50 51 52 54 55 59 72 58 58 45 70 70 40 76 18
关于太空的小知识英语作文
关于太空的小知识英语作文Title: Exploring the Vastness: A Glimpse into the Realm of Space。
Space, the final frontier, has always fascinated humanity with its boundless mysteries and infinite possibilities. From the twinkling stars in the night sky to the enigmatic depths of black holes, the cosmos continuesto intrigue and inspire us. In this essay, we will delveinto some fascinating tidbits about space exploration, shedding light on the wonders that lie beyond our planet's atmosphere.To embark on our cosmic journey, let us first ponderthe immense scale of the universe. Did you know that the observable universe spans an astonishing 93 billion light-years in diameter? Within this unfathomable expanse,billions of galaxies, each containing billions of stars, dance through the cosmic ballet of creation and destruction.One of the most iconic symbols of space exploration is the astronaut. These intrepid individuals venture beyond the confines of Earth, experiencing the awe-inspiring beauty of space firsthand. But did you know that the first human in space was Yuri Gagarin, a Soviet cosmonaut, who orbited the Earth aboard the Vostok 1 spacecraft on April 12, 1961? Since then, countless astronauts from various nations have followed in his footsteps, pushing the boundaries of human exploration ever further.Spacecraft, the vessels that carry us into the cosmic abyss, come in various shapes and sizes, each tailored for specific missions. From the iconic Apollo lunar modules to the sleek, cutting-edge designs of modern space shuttles, these marvels of engineering enable us to reach distant worlds and unravel the secrets of the cosmos.But what about the challenges of space travel? Beyond the breathtaking vistas and weightless freedom lies a harsh and unforgiving environment. Radiation, microgravity, and the vacuum of space present formidable obstacles to human exploration. To overcome these challenges, scientists andengineers tirelessly innovate, developing advanced technologies and protective measures to ensure the safety and success of space missions.Exploring the cosmos also offers profound insights into our own planet and the broader universe. Satellitesorbiting Earth provide invaluable data on climate patterns, natural disasters, and environmental changes, aiding in scientific research and disaster management efforts. Beyond our solar system, telescopes such as the Hubble Space Telescope capture stunning images of distant galaxies, shedding light on the origins and evolution of the universe itself.Moreover, the quest to find extraterrestrial life captivates the imagination of scientists and enthusiasts alike. While we have yet to discover definitive evidence of alien civilizations, the discovery of exoplanets—planets orbiting stars outside our solar system—fuels hope that we are not alone in the cosmos. Who knows what secrets may be waiting to be uncovered in the depths of space?In conclusion, space exploration embodies humanity's insatiable curiosity and boundless spirit of adventure. From the pioneering voyages of Yuri Gagarin to the cutting-edge missions of today, we continue to push the boundaries of knowledge and discovery, venturing ever deeper into the vastness of the cosmos. As we gaze up at the stars, let us remember that the universe holds countless wonders waiting to be explored, inviting us to embark on an endless journey of exploration and wonder.。
九年级英语太空探索知识单选题50题
九年级英语太空探索知识单选题50题1. The first human to journey into outer space was:A. Neil ArmstrongB. Yuri GagarinC. Buzz AldrinD. Alan Shepard答案：B。
解析：Y uri Gagarin于1961年成为第一个进入太空的人类。
Neil Armstrong是第一个登上月球的人；Buzz Aldrin是第二个登上月球的人；Alan Shepard是美国第一位进入太空的宇航员，但不是世界上第一个进入太空的人。
2. Which was one of the earliest space exploration projects?A. Apollo programB. Sputnik programC. Space Shuttle programD. V oyager program答案：B。
解析：Sputnik program是最早的太空探索项目之一，苏联于1957年发射了第一颗人造卫星。
Apollo program主要是美国的载人登月计划；Space Shuttle program是航天飞机项目；V oyager program主要是深空探测项目，它们都晚于Sputnik program。
3. The first artificial satellite launched into space was named:A. Explorer 1B. Sputnik 1C. Luna 1D. Vanguard 1答案：B。
解析：Sputnik 1是1957年被发射到太空的第一颗人造卫星。
Explorer 1是美国发射的第一颗人造卫星；Luna 1是苏联发射的月球探测器；Vanguard 1是美国发射的卫星，但都不是第一颗人造卫星。
4. Which country launched the first human - made object into space?A. The United StatesB. ChinaC. The Soviet UnionD. The United Kingdom答案：C。
太空知识我知道英语作文
礼物，它代表着人与人之间的信任，代表着人与人之间的友善，它可以使人感到快乐，幸福，它蕴含着希望，是人们内心力量的源泉，拥有治愈人心的力量。
以下是精心收集整理的描写礼物八年级作文，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
描写礼物八年级作文1每个人都有失败的时候，总会让人措手不及。
那时的你，只能做到旁观?不可能，最好的礼物是一个拥抱。
考试成绩，是所有家长最期待的。
可有的时候，亲情在这里会断开。
不错，我最好的朋友也过不了这一关。
一直以来，对期末考试怀有信心的她，这次也皱起了眉头。
“怎么办?考得这么差，怎么向妈妈交待?”她一手拎着卷子，一手托着腮帮，无奈至极。
果然不出乎意料——“怎么回事儿?这次考得这么差，你还好意思跟我说?这两天，你就好好待在家里写《练习》，哪都别去了!”阿姨穿好大衣，拿起包，“砰”的一声关上门，就走了。
不一会儿，她就伤心地哭了起来：“呜呜!我也不想考的差的。
呜呜!”我只好安慰她：“好了，别哭了!大家这次考得都不好，又不是你一个人的问题，我考得也不好!别哭了!”她揉了揉眼睛，很努力地克制着那汹涌的泪水，却没有效果。
她沙哑着喉咙，伤心地说：“我这次一下子掉这么厉害，妈妈肯定会很生气的!”“叮叮——叮叮——”门铃响了起来。
“哈，班委来了!”我惊喜地叫了起来。
她们带来了各种各样的礼物。
她揉着眼睛，惊讶地看着班委，不好意思地笑了起来。
她把我拉进房间，神神秘秘的，眼泪从腮部流了下来：“谢谢!”她越说越伤心，泪水像决了堤的江河。
我望着她，心里很难过，一边看着，一边不断地递给她纸巾。
我急得团团转，猛地想起：今天是她的生日呀!我一把抱住她，轻声地在她耳边说道：“嘿!开心点!今天是你生日!生日快乐哦!”她一骨碌爬起来：“是呀，今天是我的生日!谢谢你的拥抱，这是我收到的最好的生日礼物!”那双闪亮的眼睛，像闪着光芒的星星，指引着我奔向远方。
最好的礼物，不一定是用金钱买来的，可能就是一个普通的拥抱。
描写礼物八年级作文2人的一生很漫长，在这条路上，偶尔会收到许许多多的礼物，这些礼物，或昂贵的，或廉价的，或有意义的。
土星的驯服者：从古代神话到科学探索
1.古代神话中的土星之神土星是太阳系中最神秘的行星之一，因其美丽的环状结构而备受关注。
在古代神话中，土星被赋予了独特的象征意义，并被视为农业和时间的守护神。
2.罗马神话中的土星在罗马神话中，土星被称为农业之神，与丰收和富饶相关。
他被描绘为一个年老的男性，面带微笑，手持镰刀。
土星节（Saturnalia）是一年中最重要的庆祝活动之一，人们在这一天放松规矩，尽情享受美食和娱乐。
3.土星的命名来源土星这个名称源自于罗马神话中的土星，但在其他文化中也有不同的命名方式。
例如，在希腊神话中，土星被称为克洛诺斯，是众神之父宙斯的父亲。
4.土星的环：科学的谜团土星的环是太阳系中最引人注目的地标之一。
虽然我们现在知道这些环是由冰和岩石碎片组成的，但我们对它们的形成过程仍知之甚少。
科学家们一直在努力解开土星环的起源和演化之谜。
5.探索土星：早期任务20世纪70年代至80年代，美国宇航局的“旅行者1号”和“旅行者2号”探测器成功飞越了土星系统，并向我们传回了大量宝贵的数据和图像。
这些任务揭示了土星的环结构、卫星系统以及磁场特性等重要信息。
6.卡西尼-惠更斯任务：全面了解土星2004年，卡西尼-惠更斯任务（Cassini-Huygens）的探测器抵达土星系统，开始了为期13年的探索之旅。
这个任务不仅详细研究了土星的环和卫星，还揭示了土星上的奇特气候现象和大气层的组成。
7.土卫六（恶魔星）的神秘面纱土卫六，也被称为恶魔星，是土星最著名的卫星之一。
它的表面覆盖着一个神秘的黑色物质，被科学家们称为“黄金雨”或“油漆”。
对于这些黑色物质的起源和组成，科学家们仍然存在很多猜测和争议。
8.土星的奇特磁场土星拥有一个巨大而复杂的磁场，远比地球的磁场强大。
科学家们一直在努力理解土星磁场的形成和演化过程。
卡西尼-惠更斯任务的数据显示，土星的磁场可能与其内部涡旋流动有关。
9.未来的土星探索随着技术的不断进步，我们对土星的探索将进入一个新的阶段。
Module+5+The+Secret+of+the+Gas+Giant+课件-外研版高中英语选修八
Secrets of the Gas Giant The cassini-Huygens space probe, which reached Saturn last week, has sent back amazing photographs of the planet’s famous rings viewed in ultraviolet light. The pictures showed them in shades of blue, green and red. The different colour show exactly what the rings are made of: the red means the ring contains tiny pieces of rock and the blue and green are likely to be a mixture of water and frozen gases. Saturn itself is made of gases. It is so light that it can float on water－after a big enough ocean could be found! The probe is a international project to explore the planet and their rings and moons. It was launched in 1997 and its mission was to explore the “gas giant” planet where is the furthest planet to be seen from the Earth without a telescope. The probe has sent back pictures of some of Saturn's moons, including tiny Phoebe, which has a strange shape－like other planets and their moons, it is not perfectly round－ and Saturn’s biggest moon, Titan, which is believed to be the only body in the solar system rather than the Earth with liquid on the surface.
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EXPLORATIONS - Cassini-Huygens at Saturn By Paul ThompsonBroadcast: July 14, 2004(MUSIC) VOICE ONE:This is Faith LapidusVOICE TWO:And this is Steve Ember with EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English. Today wetell about NASA ’s Cassini-Huygens spacecraft that is now in orbit around Saturn. Thespacecraft has already started sending back exciting information and photographs ofSaturn ’s famous rings and its moon, Titan.(MUSIC)VOICE ONE: The Cassini-Huygens spacecraft arrived at the planetSaturn on July first. It flew into orbit from below the famous rings that circle theplanet. Carefully, Cassini crossed through a large space between two of the hugerings at speeds close to eighty-seven-thousand kilometers an hour. Cassini flew towithin one-hundred-fifty-eight -thousand kilometers of Saturn ’s center. That is theclosest Cassini will come to Saturn.After passing through the rings, Cassini fired its rocket engines. This slowed thespacecraft, permitting it to be captured by Saturn ’s gravity. In this way, the Cassinispacecraft entered an orbit around Saturn. It had taken Cassini almost seven years toreach Saturn after traveling more than three-thousand-million kilometers through space.VOICE TWO:It did not take long for Cassini to start making discoveries. Cassini took photographs of Saturn ’s giant moon Titan in its first few days of orbit. These photographs provided details of Titan ’s surface that had never been seen before.Dennis Matson is a scientist for the International Cassini-Huygens project. He says the photographs sent back by Cassini are difficult to understand.He says the photographs do provide the first clear images of Titan ’s surface, but will require a great amount of study. Titan has a thick atmosphere that usually looks almost white in photographs taken with telescopes.However Cassini has special cameras that can see through the giant moon ’s atmosphere to study the surface. Elizabeth Turtle is a scientist with the University of Arizona. She says Cassini ’s first photographs of Titan ’s surface have shown unusual features. Mizz Turtle says they do not know what some of these features mean. She says it will take a great deal of work to understand the surface of Titan.VOICE ONE:Cassini-Huygens carries a total of eighteen scientific instruments. It used several of these to photograph and A false color image ofSaturn's rings.(Picture - NASA)A picture of Saturn from Cassini Huygens.(Picture - NASA)make maps of the surface of Titan. It also used several instruments to study minerals and chemicals on the surface of the huge moon.Kevin Baines is a science team member of the Cassini-Huygens project. He says Cassini provided evidence of pure water ice in some areas of the surface.He said it also showed areas of non -ice materials such as hydrocarbons. Mister Baines said the evidence was much different from what scientists had expected. Mister Baines also said Cassini showed clouds of gas made of methane near the moon ’s south pole. He said the clouds showed good evidence that Titan has a very active atmosphere.VOICE TWO:The science team for Cassini says these first images of Titan are just the beginning. It is only the first information gathered in a four-year study of Saturn and its moons. In the future, the Cassini spacecraft will fly closer to Titan and be able to use radar to gather much better details of the moon ’s surface.The study of Titan is one of the major goals of the Cassini-Huygens flight. Cassini ’s first trip near Titan was still more than three-hundred-thirty-nine thousand kilometers away. Future plans call for Cassini to make more than seventy orbits around Saturn. Forty-five of these will include passing close to Titan.The closest flight will be only nine -hundred-fifty kilometers away from the giant moon. This very close flight will permit extremely detailed mapping of the surface.VOICE ONE:The Huygens part of the spacecraft will cut its link to Cassini on December twenty-fourth. It will then fly down through the atmosphere of Titan to the surface. As itpasses into the atmosphere, it will deploy a large parachute. The Huygensinstrument will send information back to Cassini. Cassini will then transmit theinformation back to Earth.The Huygens instrument will land on the surface of Titan on January fourteenth,two-thousand-five. It will be the first scientific instrument to land on the surface of a moon of another planet.(MUSIC)VOICE TWO: Saturn’s moon, Titan, is very large. In fact, it is larger than the planets Mercuryand Pluto. Scientists are very interested in Titan because it is the only known moonin our solar system to have an atmosphere. It also has large amounts of nitrogensimilar to Earth. And scientists believe it has large amounts of carbon material.This is the same material needed to form life as we know it on Earth. However,scientists are quick to say this does not mean there is life on Titan.VOICE ONE:The exploration of Titan is exciting for many scientists. Scientists believe evidence found on Titan may help to answer the question of how life began on Earth. Most experts agree this question is hard to answer because not enough is known about the atmosphere when Earth was a young planet.Scientists say they need to know what materials were present at the beginning of life on Earth. They say some of these answers may be present on Titan. The carbon material methane on Titan may have been easily found on Earth when it was young.VOICE TWO:Scientists prepare the Huygens probe. (Picture - NASA)A real color image of Titan.(Picture - NASA)Cassini carries more scientific instruments and can do more science work than any spacecraft ever sent to explore a planet. It carries twelve science instruments on the Cassini spacecraft and six more on the Huygens exploration device.Cassini is six-point-seven meters high, four meters wide and weighs almost six-thousand kilograms. Electric power for the spacecraft is supplied by thirty-three kilograms of the nuclear fuel, plutonium.The flight to Saturn represents the work of two-hundred-sixty scientists from the United States and seventeen European nations. The flight of the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft cost more than three-thousand-million dollars. (MUSIC)VOICE ONE:The Cassini-Huygens spacecraft is expected to carry out many tasks. There is much to learn about Saturn. First, there are the seven huge rings that circle the planet. They are made of water ice, rock and dust.Only minutes after it arrived in orbit, Cassini made sixty-one photographs of the beautiful rings. Cassini’s radio sent the pictures to Earth. Radio signals travel at almost the speed of light. But even at that great speed, it took almost eighty-five minutes for the information to arrive on Earth. What scientists saw excited them.They saw unusual designs and structures in the rings they had never seen before. Cassini's photographs provided evidence that the rings are not a solid mass of objects, but many individual lines that circle the planet. These thin lines are held together and kept in orbit by gravity. Scientists now believe there may be more than one-thousand different lines or rings that make up the seven great rings.VOICE TWO:The huge moon Titan is not alone in its orbit around Saturn. Saturn has thirty-one known moons. Thirteen of these moons were discovered after Cassini was launched on October fifteenth, nineteen-ninety-seven. Scientists want to learn more about how these moons affect the rings. New photographs already show that the gravity of the moons has a great effect on the rings. Scientists hope Cassini will provide more information about this in the future.The Cassini spacecraft is named for astronomer Jean Dominique Cassini. He was born in Italy in the sixteen-hundreds. He later became a French citizen. He made important observations of Saturn and discovered four of its moons. The Huygens exploration device is named for Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens who also lived during the seventeenth century. He discovered the moon Titan.VOICE ONE:If you have a computer that can link to the Internet, you too can see the photographs of Saturn. You can see the moon Titan and the rings that make Saturn such a beautiful planet. Have your computer link with . Then follow the links to Cassini-Huygens.(MUSIC)VOICE TWO:This program was written by Paul Thompson. It was produced by Mario Ritter. This is Steve Ember.VOICE ONE:And this is Faith Lapidus. Join us again next week for another EXPLORATIONS program in VOA Special English.Email this article to a friendPrinter Friendly Version。