江苏科技大学基础英语考研真题试题2007—2012年
(完整)2012江苏专转本英语真题及答案,推荐文档
江苏省2012 年普通高校专转本统一英语考试第一卷（共100 分）Part I Reading Comprehension(共20 题，每题2 分，共40 分)Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.American researchers have developed a technique that may become an important tool in fighting AIDS. The technique stops the AIDS virus from attacking its target-cells in the body's defense system. When AIDS virus enters the blood, it searches for blood cells called T4 lymphocytes （淋巴细胞）. The virus connects to the outside of T4 lymphocytes, then forces its way inside. There it directs the cells' genetic （基因的）material to produce copies of the AIDS virus. This is how AIDS spreads.Researchers think they may be able to stop AIDS from spreading by preventing virus from connecting to T4 cells. When AIDS virus finds a T4 cell, it actually connects to a part of the cell called CD4 protein.Researchers want to fool the virus by putting copies or clones of the CD4 protein into the blood. This way the AIDS virus will connect to the cloned protein instead of the real ones. Scientists use the genetic engineering methods to make the clones. Normally a CD4 protein remains on the T4 cell at all times. The AIDS virus must go to it.In a new technique, however, the cloned CD4 protein is not connected to a cell. It floats freely, so many more can be put into the blood to keep the AIDS virus away from real CD4 proteins on T4 cells. One report says the AIDS virus connects to the cloned proteins j ust as effectively as to real protein. That report was based on tests with blood cells grown in labs. The technique is just now beginning t o be tested in animals. If successful, it may be tested in humans within a year.1. The new technique can ________.A. cure AIDSB. kill the AIDS virusC. prevent the AIDS virus from spreadingD. produce new medicines for AIDS2. When the AIDS virus enters the blood, it is reproduced by ________.A. the inside of the virus itselfB. any blood cells in the bodyC. the CD4 proteinD. the genetic material of T4 cells3 The AIDS virus connects to cloned proteins instead of to the real ones because ________.A. the cloned proteins stay on the T4 cellsB. the cloned proteins can float freely in the bloodC. it connects to cloned proteins more effectively than to the real onesD. the cloned proteins are made by genetic engineering methods4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The new technique has been tested in labs.B. The new technique is being tested in animals.C. The new technique may be tested in humans.D. The new technique is now under clinical test.5 Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A. AIDS---a Fatal Disease.B. A New Technique in fighting AIDS.C. A Report on the Spread of AIDS Virus.D. The Technique of Cloned CD4 Protein.Passage TWOQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.During the early ears of last century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada.When the crops were good, the economy was good; when the crops failed, there was depression. People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much feeling as if they wee growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation. War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative（投机的）grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, but farmers could not wait for markets to improve. It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due(到期)，only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions, producer groups asked for firmer controls, but governments had no wish to become involved, at least not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild.Anxious to check(控制) inflation(通货膨胀) and rising living costs, the federal government appointed a board(董事会) of grain supervisors to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended (暂停) and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle the crop of 1919, the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with full authority to buy, sell, and set prices.6. The author uses the term “lifeblood”(Line1, para1.) to indicate that wheat was _______.A. difficult to produce in large quantitiesB. was easily affected by animals and plantsC. essential to the health of the countryD. expensive to gather and transport7. According to the passage, most farmers’ debts had to be paid __________. A.when the autumn harvest had just been completedB. because wheat prices were highC. as soon as the Winnipeg Grain Exchange demanded payment D, when crop failure caused depression8. According to the passage, wheat prices became uncontrolled because of conditions caused by _____.A. farmersB. supervisorsC. weatherD. war9. The word “check” (Line 1, Para.3) could best be replaced by which of the following?A. controlB. investigateC. financeD. reinforce10. According to the passage, a preliminary step in the creation of the Canadian Wheat Board was the appointment of ______.A. the Winnipeg Grain ExchangeB. a board of supervisorsC. several producer groupsD. a new governmentPassage ThreeQuestions 10 to 15 are based on the following passage.Yellowstone Park is visited by two million people every summer and is the oldest, largest and most visited wilderness in the world. All are welcome and are invited on arrival to leave their cars and explore on foot. Yellowstone, a national park for ever 100 years, lies in the State of Wyoming, to the east of the Rocky Mountain. It is also in the center of the North American continent, midway between the equator and the North Pole, at a height of over 2300 meters. The very cold winter in this area closes the park around mid-November and lasts until April or even May. In February thetemperature falls as low as 60F degree below freezing, and the animals that spend winter in the park are best able to live in the conditions such as bison, wapiti, beavers and otters. Fortunately, the area around the hot springs and geysers becomes a centrally heated oasis(绿洲) in the desert ofsnow, providing warmth and a certain mount of food for the animals. Bison used to go around the plains in their millions until they were hunted almost to extinction(灭绝) by white men with guns. In 1900 only two dozen of them remained in the park. However, since they become a protected animal, their numbers have risen to over two thousand. The end of winter is the most dangerous time for the animals as food becomes even less and they take great risks(冒险) to find it, such as walking across thin ice. This period is known as “winterkill”, when many of the weak and the old die, often from being too tired out, thus providing food for scavengers such as the coyote (a kind of wolf). With the arrival of summer, plants reappear and the animals fill themselves with rich food. The young grow strong and the tourists return to enjoy the warmth or 4 months before Yellowstone Park freezes over again.11 Bison used to go in danger. With the protection, the number is ________ now.A. falling downB. going upC. staying the sameD. becoming less12The Rocky Mountains are _____________A. in the center of WyomingB. to the west of Yellowstone ParkC. in the north of Yellowstone ParkD. to the east of Yellowstone Park13Which of the following is NOT an animal?A. otterB. beaverC. geysersD. coyote14.At the end of the 19th century_______________.A. bison ran around the plains in their millionsB. bison were hunted almost to extinctionC. bison became a kind of protected animalD. their number rose more than 20015.From the text, we can know that “ scavengers in the last paragraph are_______________A. animals which feed on other dead animalsB. places where water comes naturally from the groundC. birds which live in grass seedsD. animals which always eat as much as possiblePassage FourQuestions 15 to 20 are based on the following passage.What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist(乐观者), a leader, an active person who enjoy life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead. If you love green, you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people to see you are successful. At least this is what psychologist(心理学家) tell us and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us that we don’t choose our favourite color as we grow up. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a dark green one, and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing(压抑). Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. It is a fact that factory workers work better, harder and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray. Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful things. Remember also that you will know your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors theylike and dislike. And don’t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose a piece of handkerchief or a lampshade.16. From this passage we learn that an active person would prefer those colors________.A. red, green and yellowB. gray, blue or darkC. orange, yellow or redD. yellow, orange or red17 bright colored room can _______ one’s mood.A. depressB. brightC. happyD. cheer up18Knowing the color preference can help one ____________ in their social life.A. understand the other people moreB. affect other people moreC. cheer up other people moreD. study better19In a factory, in order to reduce accidents or make the workers morehappily, it is better to have the machines painted________.A. redB. whiteC. grayD. orange20．The main idea of this passage is_________.A. one’s color preference shows one’s characterB you can brighten your life with wonderful colorsC. psychologists have been studying the meaning of color preferenceD. one’s color preference has something to do with his character and colors have effects on human beingsPart II Vocabulary and Structure (共40 小题，每小题1 分，共40 分) Directions; In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer sheet.21．—My best friend’s in a bad mood.—How about ________ her some flowers?A. givingB. givenC. to giveD. give 22．On my birthday I got a watch from my uncle, ________ was made in Japan.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. what 23．The news came as no surprise to me, for I ________ of it earlier.A. hearB. heardC. have heardD. had heard24．—Why are they pulling down the houses?—________ a new parking lot.A. BuildB. To buildC. BuildingD. Built 25．I ________ on a sofa because my parents have come for the weekend.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. have sleptD. am sleepingst winter was extremely cold. , most people say it was the coldest winter of their lives.A.At lastB. As a resultC. In a wordD. In fact27.I passed by the sports field the other day,_______there was a football match going on then.A.thatB. whereC. winchD. when28.It was a great party, thank you. But Jill, why___ youmore friends to come?A.haven’t … invitedB. don’t …inviteC.didn’t … in viteD. won’t … invite29.He failed the mid-term examination and only then_______how much time he had wasted.A.he realizedB. did he realizeC. he had realizedD. had he realized30.I hadentered the classroom when I noticed the headmaster was sitting at the back.A.stillB. yetC. soonerD. hardly 31．The most popular food for foreigners ________ on any menu in Beijing is roast duck.A. includeB. includingC. to includeD. included32．The mother, along with her two daughters,________ from the sinking aircraft by a passing ship.A. have rescuedB. have been rescuedC. has rescuedD. has been rescued33．________ every mistake you make, you’ll lose half a mark.A. ForB. AtC. ToD. By34．This painting is splendid, but ________ we actually need it is a different matter.A. thatB. whatC. whetherD. how35．Thank you, but I’ll have to ________ your offer.A. turn awayB. turn downC. turn backD. turn off36．It was with great joy _______ he received the news that his best friend would come to Beijing．A．because B．which C．since D．that37．Jane went off to the party with her husband, _______ a happy evening of wine, food and song．A．expected B．expecting C．to expect D．expects 38．—Excuse me．Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?—Sorry, I’m not sure．But it _______ be．A．might B．will C．must D．can39．Shirley said that she would have a two-week holiday in July, ______ I think, is impossible．A．it B．that C．when D．which 40．Although she doesn’t like to live in the country, ______ , she goes there for a picnic．A．once upon a time B．some time C．once in a while D．from now on41.---- Are we about to have a dinner?--- Yes, it ________ in the dinning room.A. is being servedB. is servingC. has servedD. has been serving42. ---- I’d like t o buy an expensive sports car.---- Well, Mike, we have got several models_________.A. to be chosen fromB. to chooseC. to choose fromD. to be chosen43. A fence at the back of the garden _______ us from the neighbours.A. separatedB. dividedC. concludedD. connected44. There is a _______ between two acts in the play.A. stopB. timeC. breakD. end45. ---- Is your camera like Bill’s and Ann’s?---- No, but it’s almost the same as ________.A. herB. yoursC. themD. their46. A thief is a danger to _______.A. societyB. the societyC. societiesD. a society47. The cost of one day in the hospital in this city can run _______ 250 dollars.A. as high toB. so high toC. so high asD. as high as48. If you keep on, you’ll succeed ________.A. in timeB. at one timeC. at the same timeD. on time49. Is ______ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. nowB. manC. thatD. it50. The plant is dead. I _______ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given51. __________ this material can be used in our factory has not been studied yet.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whether52. _______ school_______ it began raining.A. As soon as we reached; thenB. As soon as we had reached; thenC. No sooner did we reach; whenD. No sooner had we reached; then53. If it _______ fine tomorrow, we would go for a swim in the sea.A. will beB. should beC. isD. were to54. The boy you referred _____ is far ahead ______ everyone else in the class.A. to; toB. to; ofC. at; withD. at; from55. ----How’s the young man?---- _______________.A. He is twentyB. He’s a doctorC. He’s much betterD. He’s David56. As soon as he entered the room, he took ________ his cap and sat down.A. offB. outC. awayD. down57. ----What are you doing?---- I’m looking ________ the children. They should be back for lunch now.A. afterB. atC. forD. up58. The teacher told the class to _________ their books.A. put awayB. put byC. put onD. put up59. I asked him to _______ me a few minutes so that we could go over all the problems.A. spendB. saveC. spareD. share60. Mother __________ us stories when we were young.A. was used to tellB. is used to tellingC. used to tellD. used to tellingPart Three Cloze (共20 小题；每小题1 分，满分20 分)Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.What makes a child speak a language has long been a puzzle to linguists (语言学家). 61 speaking, there are two schools of linguists, both of 62 try to explain 63 a child picksup a language so easily. The fact that a child picks up a language 64 is surprising: at one year old, a child is able to 65 "bye-bye"; at two, he is able to use fifty words; by three he begins to 66 tenses. The famous American linguist Noam Chomsky 67 that human beings have a sort of built-in system for language use, and that the 68 is only secondary. Children are not taught language 69 they are taught arithmetic. Other linguists, 70, hold the view that a child learns 71 of his language from the hints in the environment. 72, theorists of both schools 73 that there is a biological basis for language and language use. The 74 is which is more important, the inner ability or the environment. This is certainly a field 75 to be explored. Researchers from both schools are busy finding evidence to 76their own theory, but 77 side is persuading the other. It seems that in order to 78why a child learns a language so easily, we have to 79 the joint efforts of both schools. Some linguists, like De Villiers, have recognized the value of cooperation, and 80 linguists of both sides to work together.61. A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Properly D. Roughly62. A. them B. who C. whom D. which63. A. that B. when C why D. how64. A. independently B. naturally C. without help D. with ease65. A. speak B. say C. wave D. respond66. A. master B. study C. have D. get67. A. doubts B. believes C. realizes D. criticizes68. A. help B. teacher C. environment D. hint69. A. as B. for C. when D. though70. A. in particular B. as a result C. however D. therefore71. A. a little B. some C. nothing D. most72. A. Before B. From now on C. Just now D. By now73 A. suspect B. disagree C. agree D. realize74 A. case B. quarrel C. problem D. question75 A. waiting B. planning C. never D. unlikely76 A. provide B. create C. supply D. support77 A. not a B. one C. neither D. either78. A. find out B. rule put' C. search for D. look for79 A. get rid of B. trust in C. rely on D. persist in80A. ordered B. criticized C. challenged D. urged第II 卷（共50 分）Part IV Translation (共35 分)Section A (共5 小题，每小题4 分，共20 分)81 merican researchers have developed a technique that may become an important tool in fighting AIDS. （Passage one）82 t had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due(到期) (Passage Two)83 Park is visited by two million people every summer and is the oldest, largest and most visited wilderness in the world. (Passage Three)84 because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect that colors have on human beings.(Passage Four)85 Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.(Passage Five) Section B (共5 小题，每小题3 分，共15 分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.86 别打扰我，我现在正忙于做计划呢。
2012年6月研究生英语学位课统考(GET)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2012年6月研究生英语学位课统考（GET）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. VOCABULARY 3. CLOZE 4. READING COMPREHENSION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGLISTENING COMPREHENSIONSection A Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.听力原文：W: Larry, are you feeling OK? You’re so quiet at the party tonight.M: To be honest, whenever I go back to campus now, I feel really old—and all the students look so young! I feel out of place when I’m surrounded by students.Q: What does the man mean?1．A．He is pretty comfortable in this kind of setting.B．He is not at ease when seeing her.C．He is not used to the current surroundings.D．He rarely feels shy in unfamiliar places.正确答案：C解析：女士说：Larry，你没事吧?今晚的聚会上你那么安静。
2007年秋季研究生阅读期末考试试题(A卷)
试卷一Part I Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Oceanography has been defined as "The application of all sciences to the study of the sea". Before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question "What is at the bottom of the oceans?" had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile (起伏形状) of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings(测深) were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition (考察), which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.1. The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on _____.A) an academic aspect C) a business aspectB) a military aspect D) an international aspect2. It was _____ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studiesA) the American NavyB) some early intercontinental travellersC) those who earned a living from the seaD) the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable3. The aim of .the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was _____.A) to make some sounding experiments in the oceansB) to collect samples of sea plants and animalsC) to estimate the length of cable that was neededD) to measure the depths of the two oceans4. "Defied" in the 4th paragraph probably means" _____.A) doubted B) gave proof to C) challenged D) agreed to5. This passage is mainly about _____.A) the beginnings of oceanography B) the laying of the first undersea cableC) the investigation of ocean depths D) the early intercontinental communicationsPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will ha of benefit to him later in his career.6. Normally a student would at least attend ____ classes each weekA)36 B) 12 C)20 D) 157. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed _____.A) to live in a different universityB) to take a particular course in a different universityC) to live at home and drive to classesD) to get two degrees from two different universities8. American university students are usually under pressure of work because _____A) their academic performance will affect their future careersB) they are heavily involved in student affairsC) they have to observe university disciplineD) they want to run for positions of authority9. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because _____.A) they hate the constant pressure and strain of their studyB) they will then be able to stay longer in the universityC) such positions help them get better jobsD) such positions are usually well paid10. The student organizations seem to be effective in _____.A) dealing with the academic affairs of the universityB) ensuring that the students observe university regulationsC) evaluating students’ performance by bringing them before a courtD) keeping up the students' enthusiasm for social activitiesPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues(自言自语) as: "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends When husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract (对抗) your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam(鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet m the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save jobs requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.11. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably _____.A) he is a lazy person B) he refuses to follow his own energy cycleC) he is not sure when his energy is low D) he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening12. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A) Unawareness of energy cycles.B) Familiar monologues.C) A change in a family member's energy cycle.D) Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.13. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _____.A) change his energy cycle C) get up earlier than usualB) overcome his laziness D) go to bed earlier14. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _____.A) help to keep your energy for the day's workB) help you to control your temper early in the dayC) enable you to concentrate on your routine workD) keep your energy cycle under control all day15. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?A) Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one's energy.B) Dr. Kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.C) Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.D) Children have energy cycles, too.Passage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把……按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contribute to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.16. In the passage the author's attitude towards "mixed-ability teaching" is _____.A) critical B) questioning C) approving D) objective17. By "held back" (Line I) the author means “_____”.A) made to remain in the same classes C) drawn to their studiesB) forced to study in the lower classes D) prevented from advancing18. The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the studen t’s_____.A) personal qualities and social skills C) learning ability and communicative skillsB) total personality D) intellectual ability19. Which of the following is NOT Mentioned in the third paragraph?A) Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others.B) Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.C) Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizersD) Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.20. The author's purpose in writhe this passage is to _____.A) argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same classB) recommend pair work and group work for classroom activitiesC) offer advice on the proper use of the libraryD) emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teachingSection B注意：阅读理解的Section B为简答题，题目在试卷二上。
(完整版)2012江苏专转本英语真题及答案,推荐文档.docx
江苏省 2012 年普通高校专转本统一英语考试第一卷（共100 分）Part I Reading Comprehension( 共 20 题，每题 2 分，共40 分 )Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.American researchers have developed a technique that may become an important tool in fighting AIDS. The technique stops the AIDS virus from attacking its target-cells in the body's defense system. When AIDS virus enters the blood,it searches for blood cells called T4 lymphocytes （淋巴细胞） . The virus connects to the outside of T4 lymphocytes,then forces its way inside. There it directs the cells' genetic （基因的）material to produce copies of the AIDS virus. This is how AIDS spreads.Researchers think they may be able to stop AIDS from spreading by preventing virus from connecting to T4 cells. When AIDS virus finds a T4 cell,it actually connects to a part of the cell called CD4 protein.Researchers want to fool the virus by putting copies or clones of the CD4 protein into the blood. This way the AIDS virus will connect to the cloned protein instead of the real ones. Scientists use the genetic engineering methods to make the clones. Normally a CD4 protein remains on the T4 cell at all times. The AIDS virus must go toit.In a new technique, however, the cloned CD4 protein is not connected to a cell. It floats freely, so many more can be put into the blood to keep the AIDS virus away from real CD4 proteins onT4 cells. One report says the AIDS virus connects to the cloned proteins j ust as effectively as to real protein. That report was based on tests with blood cells grown in labs. The technique is just now beginning t o be tested in animals. If successful, it may be tested in humans within a year.1. The new technique can ________.A. cure AIDSB. kill the AIDS virusC. prevent the AIDS virus from spreadingD. produce new medicines for AIDS2. When the AIDS virus enters the blood, it is reproduced by ________.A. the inside of the virus itselfB. any blood cells in the bodyC. the CD4 proteinD. the genetic material of T4 cells3 The AIDS virus connects to cloned proteins instead of to the real ones because ________.A.the cloned proteins stay on the T4 cellsB.the cloned proteins can float freely in the bloodC.it connects to cloned proteins more effectively than to the real onesD.the cloned proteins are made by genetic engineering methods4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The new technique has been tested in labs.B. The new technique is being tested in animals.C. The new technique may be tested in humans.D. The new technique is now under clinical test.5 Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A. AIDS---a Fatal Disease.B. A New Technique in fighting AIDS.C. A Report on the Spread of AIDS Virus.D. The Technique of Cloned CD4 Protein.Passage TWOQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.During the early ears of last century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada.When the crops were good, the economy was good; when the crops failed, there was depression. People on city streets watched the yields and the price of wheat with almost as much feeling as if they wee growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly favorite topic of conversation. War set the stage for the most dramatic events in marketing the western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative（投机的） grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were generally low in the autumn, but farmers could not wait for markets to improve.It had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts werecoming due( 到期 )， only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions, producer groups asked for firmer controls, but governments had no wish to become involved, atleast not until wartime wheat prices threatened to run wild.Anxious to check( 控制 ) inflation( 通货膨胀 ) and rising living costs, the federal government appointed a board( 董事会 ) of grainsupervisors to handle deliveries from the crops of 1917 and 1918. Grain Exchange trading was suspended (暂停 ) and farmers sold at prices fixed by the board. To handle the crop of 1919, the government appointed the first Canadian Wheat Board, with full authority to buy, sell, and set prices.6. The author uses the term“ lifeblood” (Line1, para1.) to indicate that wheat. wasA. difficult to produce in large quantitiesB. was easily affected by animals and plantsC. essential to the health of the countryD. expensive to gather and transport7.According to the passage, most farmers ’debts had to be paid __________. A. when the autumn harvest had just been completedB. because wheat prices were highC. as soon as the Winnipeg Grain Exchange demanded payment D, when crop failure caused depression8.According to the passage, wheat prices became uncontrolled because of conditions caused by _____.A. farmersB. supervisorsC. weatherD. war9. The word“ check” (Line 1, Para.3) could best be replaced by which of the following?A. controlB. investigateC. financeD. reinforce10.According to the passage, a preliminary step in the creation of the Canadian Wheat Boardwas the appointment of ______.A. the Winnipeg Grain ExchangeB. a board of supervisorsC. several producer groupsD. a new governmentPassage ThreeQuestions 10 to 15 are based on the following passage.Yellowstone Park is visited by two million people every summer and is the oldest, largest and most visited wilderness in the world. All are welcome and are invited on arrival to leave their cars and explore on foot. Yellowstone, a national park for ever 100 years, lies in the State of Wyoming, to the east of the Rocky Mountain. It is also in the center of the North American continent, midway between the equator and the North Pole, at a height of over 2300 meters. The very cold winter in this area closes the park around mid-November and lasts until April or even May. In February thetemperature falls as low as 60F degree below freezing, and the animals that spend winter in the park are best able to live in the conditions such as bison, wapiti, beavers and otters. Fortunately, the area around the hot springs and geysers becomes a centrally heated oasis(绿洲 ) in the desert ofsnow, providing warmth and a certain mount of food for the animals. Bison used to go around theplains in their millions until they were hunted almost to extinction( 灭绝 ) by white men with guns. In1900 only two dozen of them remained in the park. However, since they become a protectedanimal, their numbers have risen to over two thousand. The end of winter is the most dangeroustime for the animals as food becomes even less and they take great risks( 冒险 ) to find it, such as walking across thin ice. This period is known as“ winterkill weak”,whenand themanyoldof the die, often from being too tired out, thus providing food for scavengers such as the coyote (a kindof wolf). With the arrival of summer, plants reappear and the animals fill themselves with rich food. The young grow strong and the tourists return to enjoy the warmth or 4 months before Yellowstone Park freezes over again.11 Bison used to go in danger. With the protection, the number is ________ now.A. falling downB. going upC. staying the sameD. becomingless12The Rocky Mountains are _____________A. in the center of WyomingB. to the west of Yellowstone ParkC. in the north of Yellowstone ParkD. to the east of Yellowstone Park13Which of the following is NOT an animal?A. otterB. beaverC. geysersD. coyote14.At the end of the 19th century_______________.A. bison ran around the plains in their millionsB. bison were hunted almost to extinctionC. bison became a kind of protected animalD. their number rose more than 20015.From the text, we can know that“ scavengers in the last paragraph are_______________A.animals which feed on other dead animalsB.places where water comes naturally from the groundC. birds which live in grass seedsD. animals which always eat as much as possiblePassage FourQuestions 15 to 20 are based on the following passage.What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist( 乐观者 ), a leader, an active person who enjoy life, people and excitement. Do you prefergrays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead. If youlove green, you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people tosee you are successful. At least this is what psychologist( 心理学家 ) tell us and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect thatcolors have on human beings. They tell us that we don ’t choose our favourite color as we grow up.If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly. A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a darkgreen one, and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand,black is depressing( 压抑 ). Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. Itis a fact that factory workers work better, harder and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray. Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful things. Remember also that you willknow your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors theylike and dislike. And don ’t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose a piece of handkerchief or a lampshade.16. From this passage we learn that an active person would prefer those colors________.A. red, green and yellowB. gray, blue or darkC. orange, yellow or redD. yellow,orange or red17 bright colored room can _______ one’ s mood.A. depressB. brightC. happyD. cheer up18Knowing the color preference can help one ____________ in their social life.A. understand the other people moreB. affect other people moreC. cheer up other people moreD. study better19In a factory, in order to reduce accidents or make the workers morehappily, it is better to have the machines painted________.A. redB. whiteC. grayD. orange20． The main idea of this passage is_________.A. one ’ s color preference shows one’ s characterB you can brighten your life with wonderful colorsC.psychologists have been studying the meaning of color preferenceD.one ’colors preference has something to do with his character and colors have effects on human beingsPart II Vocabulary and Structure (共40小题，每小题 1 分，共40 分 )Directions; In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer sheet.21．—My best friend ’ s in a bad mood.— How about ________ her some flowers?A. givingB. givenC. to giveD. give 22． On my birthday I got a watch from my uncle, ________ was made in Japan.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. what 23． The news came as no surprise to me, for I ________ of it earlier.A. hearB. heardC. have heardD. had heard24．—Why are they pulling down the houses?— ________ a new parking lot.A. BuildB. To buildC. BuildingD. Built 25． I ________ on a sofa because my parents have come for the weekend.A. sleptB. was sleepingC. have sleptD. am sleepingst winter was extremely cold. , most people say it was the coldest winter of their lives.A.At lastB. As a resultC. In a wordD. In fact27.I passed by the sports field the other day,_______there was a football match going on then.A.thatB. whereC. winchD. when28.It was a great party, thank you. But Jill, why___ youmore friends to come?A.haven ’ t⋯invitedB. don ’ t⋯inviteC.didn ’ t⋯viteinD. won ’ t⋯invite29.He failed the mid-term examination and only then_______how much time he had wasted.A.he realizedB. did he realizeC. he had realizedD. had he realized30.I hadentered the classroom when I noticed the headmaster was sitting at the back.A.stillB. yetC. soonerD. hardly 31． The most popular food for foreigners ________ on any menu in Beijing is roast duck.A. includeB. includingC. to includeD. included32． The mother, along with her two daughters,________ from the sinking aircraft by a passing ship.A. have rescuedB. have been rescuedC. has rescuedD.has been rescued33． ________ every mistake you make, you ’ ll lose half a mark.A. ForB. AtC. ToD. By34． This painting is splendid, but ________ we actually need it is a different matter.A. thatB. whatC. whetherD. how35． Thank you, but I ’ll have to ________ your offer.A. turn awayB. turn downC. turn backD. turn off36． It was with great joy _______he received the news that his best friend would come to Beijing ．A ． becauseB ．which C． since D． that37．Jane went off to the party with her husband, _______ a happy evening of wine, food and song．A ． expected B ．expecting C． to expect D． expects38．— Excuse me． Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?—Sorry, I’ m not sure．But it _______ be．A ． mightB ．will C． must D． can39． Shirley said that she would have a two-week holiday in July, ______ I think, is impossible．A ． it B ．that C． when D． which40． Although she doesn’ t like to live in the country, ______ , she goes there for a picnic．A ． once upon a timeB ．some time C． once in a while D． from now on41.---- Are we about to have a dinner?--- Yes, it ________ in the dinning room.A. is being servedB. is servingC. has servedD.has been serving42. ---- I ’ d likeot buy an expensive sports car.---- Well, Mike, we have got several models_________.A. to be chosen fromB. to chooseC. to choose fromD. to be chosen43. A fence at the back of the garden _______ us from the neighbours.A. separatedB. dividedC. concludedD. connected44. There is a _______ between two acts in the play.A. stopB. timeC. breakD. end45.---- Is your camera like Bill’ s and Ann ’ s?---- No, but it’ s almost the same as ________.A. herB. yoursC. themD. their46.A thief is a danger to _______.A. societyB. the societyC. societiesD. a society47.The cost of one day in the hospital in this city can run _______ 250 dollars.A. as high toB. so high toC. so high asD. as high as48.If you keep on, you’ ll succeed ________.A. in timeB. at one timeC. at the same timeD. on time49.Is ______ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A. nowB. manC. thatD. it50.The plant is dead. I _______ it more water.A. will giveB. would have givenC. must giveD. should have given51.__________ this material can be used in our factory has not been studied yet.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whether52._______ school_______ it began raining.A. As soon as we reached; thenB. As soon as we had reached; thenC. No sooner did we reach; whenD. No sooner had we reached; then53.If it _______ fine tomorrow, we would go for a swim in the sea.A. will beB. should beC. isD. were to54.The boy you referred _____ is far ahead ______ everyone else in the class.A. to; toB. to; ofC. at; withD. at; from55.---- How’ s the young man?---- _______________.A. He is twentyB. He ’ s a doctorC. He ’ s much betterD.He’ s David56.As soon as he entered the room, he took ________ his cap and sat down.A. offB. outC. awayD. down57.----What are you doing?---- I ’ m looking ________ the children. They should be back for lunch now.A. afterB. atC. forD. up58.The teacher told the class to _________ their books.A. put awayB. put byC. put onD. put up59.I asked him to _______ me a few minutes so that we could go over all the problems.A. spendB. saveC. spareD. share60.Mother __________ us stories when we were young.A. was used to tellB. is used to tellingC. used to tellD. used to tellingPart Three Cloze (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分20 分 )Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then mark your answer on theAnswer Sheet.What makes a child speak a language has long been a puzzle to linguists (语言学家 ).61 speaking, there are two schools of linguists, both of62try to explain63 a child picksup a language so easily. The fact that a child picks up a language64is surprising:at one year old, a child is able to65"bye-bye"; at two, he is able to use fifty words; by three he begins to66tenses. The famous American linguist Noam Chomsky 67that human beings have a sort of built-in system for language use, and that the 68is only secondary. Children are not taught language69they are taught arithmetic. Other linguists,70,hold the view that a child learns71of his language from the hints in the environment.72, theorists of both schools 73that there is a biological basis for language and language use. The 74is which is more important, the inner ability or the environment. This is certainly a field75 to be explored. Researchers from both schools are busy finding evidence to76their own theory, but77side is persuading the other. It seems that in order to78why a child learns a language so easily, we have to79the joint efforts of both schools. Some linguists, like De Villiers, have recognized the value of cooperation, and80linguists of both sides to work together.61.A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Properly D. Roughly62.A. them B. who C. whom D. which63.A. that B. when C why D. how64.A. independently B. naturally C. without help D. with ease65.A. speak B. say C. wave D. respond66.A. master B. study C. have D. get67.A. doubts B. believes C. realizes D. criticizes68.A. help B. teacher C. environment D. hint69.A. as B. for C. when D. though70.A. in particular B. as a result C. however D. therefore71.A. a little B. some C. nothing D. most72.A. Before B. From now on C. Just now D. By now73 A. suspect B. disagree C. agree D. realize74 A. case B. quarrel C. problem D. question75 A. waiting B. planning C. never D. unlikely76 A. provide B. create C. supply D. support77 A. not a B. one C. neither D. either78.A. find out B. rule put' C. search for D. look for79 A. get rid of B. trust in C. rely on D. persist in80A. ordered B. criticized C. challenged D. urged第 II卷（共 50分）Part IV Translation (共35分 )Section A ( 共 5 小题，每小题 4 分，共20分 )81merican researchers have developed a technique that may become an important tool in fighting AIDS. （ Passage one）82t had happened too often that they sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts were coming due( 到期 ) (Passage Two)83Park is visited by two million people every summer and is the oldest, largest and mostvisited wilderness in the world. (Passage Three)84because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect that colors have on human beings.(Passage Four)85 Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.(Passage Five) Section B ( 共 5 小，每小 3 分，共15 分 )Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.86打我，我在正忙于做划呢。
2012年6月份科技英语 在线考试试题答案
20 inflation 21 period 22 resisted 23 accessible 24equivalent 25overdue 26.课文27. 课文28. As long as the ongoing efforts, sooner or later you will learn Japanese29. 相反，只要有一次实验结果与某理论所预测的结果相悖，就足以证明该理论不成立，从而推翻该理论。
30. economic development on financial decisive role mainly in two aspects: one is the financial commodity economy during the development and with the development of commodity economy and the development of. Two is the commodity economy in different stages of development on the financial needs of different, which determines the financial development structure, stages and levels.31. Some hunger indicators, such as production shortfalls, highlight problems that may lead to food shortage. Others, such as DES, directly measure food availability within a country or region.32. 课文33. 如果成功了，你就无须要求加薪或接受人家给你的工资，也不必担心年轻的新同事到来时就得走人了。
2007-2012年研究生学位英语考试真题
2007-1PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A (1 point each)1. A. He fixed the tape recorder.B. Although old, he is still working.C. His love for music surprised the two speakers.D. He picked up the tape recorder from the garbage can.2. A. He can't imagine what his friends have got for him.B. He always knows what Mary will say.C. He is anxious to see Mary's reaction to the gift.D. He is too busy to wait.3. A. His car broke down.B. He is usually late.C. He never leaves his house before 9:00.D. He might be late because of the bad traffic.4. A. No, because the man will have guests.B. No, because the man has seen the movie.C. No, because the man will go out.D. No, because the man wants to see the movie alone.5. A. She will continue with her diet.B. She can't afford expensive food.C. She might die any day.D. She is overweight.6. A. He should be thinking about something more important.B. He has enough money for a car.C. He spends money like water.D. He can't afford a car.7. A. People have different tastes.B. Each of them owns a restaurant.C. The woman should tell him her own opinion.D. Many customers like the restaurant.8. A. She has already seen it.B. She enjoys the movie.C. She regrets missing the movie.D. She doesn't care for the movie.9. A. Setting the table.B. Polishing silver.C. Sewing napkins.D. Putting the food away.Section B ( 1 point each)Mini-talk One10. A. A residential college.B. A family house,C. A university,D. An office block.11. A. It is the same as the old Smith House.B. It has become smaller.C. It has become larger.D. It is the same as it was in the 1840s.12. A. Wing 2-3rd Floor - Room 4.B. West - 2nd Floor - Room 34.C. West Wing 2 - 3rd Floor - Room 4.D. West Wing - 2nd Floor - Room 34.Mini-talk Two13. A. Smoking rooms.B. A gymnasium.C. Assembly roomsD. Dining rooms.14. A. April 10, 1912.B. April 11. 1912.C. April 13, 1912.D. April 14, 1912.15. A. There were not enough lifeboats.B. The water was cold.C. There was too much panic.D. People were disorganized.Section C ( 1 point each)The Film-making Process: Six steps16. Step 1: ____________________________17. Step 2:____________________________18. Step 3:____________________________19. Step 4:____________________________20. Step 5:____________________________Step 6: Composing the musicPART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)21. If innovators are not financially rewarded for their innovations, the incentive for path-breaking innovation will eventually dry up.A. investmentB. resourceC. inspirationD. stimulus22. These illegal immigrants have to work long hours a day despite the appalling working conditions.A. bewilderingB. exasperatingC. dismayingD. upsetting23. Many critics agreed that by and large, this movie was a success in terms of acting and photography.A. all at onceB. by and byC. to some extentD. on the whole24. The country carried on nuclear tests without feeling apprehensive about the consequences.A. optimisticB. anxiousC. uncertainD. scared25. There is the fear that babies might be genetically altered to suit the parents' wishes.A. enhancedB. revisedC. alternatedD. modified26. The American Civil War is believed to have stemmed from differences over slavery.A. arisen fromB. contributed toC. patched upD. participated in27. Experts said the amount of compensation for sick smokers would be reduced if cooler jurors prevailed.A. resignedB. compromisedC. persistedD. dominated28. Hamilton hoped for a nation of cities while Jefferson contended that the country should remain chiefly agricultural.A. inclinedB. struggledC. arguedD. competed29. There have been some speculations at times as to who will take over the company.A. on occasionB. at presentC. by nowD. for sure30. TWA was criticized for trying to cover up the truth rather than promptly notifying victims' families.A. brieflyB. quicklyC. accuratelyD. earnestly Section B (0.5 point each)31. New York probably has the largest number of different language _________ in the world.A. neighborhoodsB. communitiesC. clustersD. assemblies32. Nuclear wastes are considered to _____ a threat to human health and marine life.A. composeB. imposeC. exposeD. pose33. Some states in the US have set _____ standards concerning math and science tests.A. energeticB. vigorousC. rigorousD. grave34. This school promised to make classes smaller and offer more individualized ___________.A. presentationB. instructionC. convictionD. obligation35. Because of ______ ways of life, the couple has some difficulty getting along with each other.A. incomprehensibleB. incomparableC. inconceivableD. incompatible36. As __________ China and other emerging export powers, efforts to strengthen anti-corruption activities are gaining momentum.A. in the light ofB. in the event ofC. in the case ofD. in the course of37. According to an Australian research, moderate drinkers ________ better thinkers than heavy drinkers or those who never drink.A. end upB. take upC. put upD. turn up38. Strangely enough, an old man ______ me and introduced himself, who turned out to be a friend of my father‘s.A. stood up toB. walked up toC. lived up toD. added up to39. Many children often _____ why airplanes can fly like birds while we humans cannot.A. assumeB. anticipateC. assureD. wonder40. The FDA was created to _______ the safety of products, review applications and grant approvals.A. manipulateB. adjustC. regulateD. managePART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Tall people earn considerably more money throughout their lives than their shorter co-workers, with each inch adding about US$789 a year in pay, according to a new study. "Height 41 career success," says Timothy Judge, a University of Florida professor of management, who led the study. "These findings are troubling since, with a few 42 , such as professional basketball, no one could argue that height is something essential required for job 43 ," Judge points out.Judge analyzed results of four large-scale studies in the US and Britain that followed thousands of people from childhood to adulthood, examining details of their work and personal lives."If you take this 44 the course of a 30-year career, we're talking about literally hundreds of thousands of dollars of earnings 45 that a tall person enjoys," Judge said.Greater height boosted both subjective ratings of work performance--a supervisor's 46 of how effective someone is-- and 47 measures of performance--such as sales volume. Being tall may boost self-confidence, improving performance. Other people may also give higher 48 and greater respect to a tall person, giving theman edge in negotiating states, he says.The commanding influence of height may be a remainder of our evolutionary 49 . Maybe from a time when humans lived among animals and size was 50 power and strength used when making "fight or run" decisions.41. A. makes out B. works in C. takes on D. matters for42. A. cases B. exceptions C. examples D. problems43. A. performance B. operation C. condition D. environment44. A. on B. with C. over D. to45. A. deficiency B. advantage C. loss D. necessity46. A. imagination B. decision C. judge D. evaluation47. A. relative B. absolute C. objective D. initiative48. A. state B. status C. situation D. statue49. A. origins B. sources C. courses D. organizations50. A. a time in B. a hold on C. a work at D. a sign of PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneAt the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), a student loaded his class notes into a handheld e-mail device and tried to read them during an exam: a classmate turned him in. At the University of Nevada at Las Vegas (UNLV) students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras and transmitted them to classmates. The university put in place a new examination-supervision system. "If they'd spend as much time studying, they'd all be A students," says Ron Yasbin, dean of the College of Sciences of UNLV.With a variety of electronic devices, American students find it easier to cheat. And college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse. They are trying to fight would-be cheats in the exam season by cutting off Internet access from laptops, demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests or simply requiring that exams be taken with pens and paper."It is annoying. My hand-writing is so bad," said Ryan Dapremont, 21 who just finished his third year at Pepperdine University in California. He had to take his exams on paper. Dapremont said technology has made cheating easier, but plagiarism (剽窃) in writing papers was probably the biggest problem. Students can lift other people's writings off the Internet without attributing them.Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of the mindset, not the tools at hand. "Some people put too much emphasis on where they're going to go in the future, and all they're thinking about is graduate school and the next step," said Lindsay Nicholas, a third-year student at UCLA. She added that pressure to succeed "sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn't do."Some professors said they tried to write exams for which it was hard to cheat, posing questions that outside resources would not help answer. Many officials said that they rely on campus honor codes. They said the most important thing was to teach students not to cheat in the first place.51. One student at UCLA was found cheating ________________.A. when he was loading his class notes into a handheld e-mail deviceB. when he was trying to tell the answers to his classmatesC. after the university put in place a new examination-supervision systemD. after his classmate reported his cheating to the authority52. According to Ron Yasbin, all the cheating students _____________.A. should be severely punished for their dishonestyB. didn't have much time to study before the examC. could get the highest grades if they had studied hard enoughD. could be excused because they were not familiar with the new system53. To win the new game of cat and mouse in examinations, the college officials have to______________.A. use many high-tech devicesB. cut off Internet access on campusC. turn to the oral exanimation formsD. cut off the use of high-tech devices54. According to Ryan Dapremont, ______________.A. examinations taken with pens and paper were useless in fighting cheatingB. his examination paper was under-graded because of his bad hand-writingC. cheating was more serious in writing papers than in examinationsD. it was more difficult for him to lift other people's writings off the Internet55. Which of the following is probably the most Significant measure to fight cheating?A. Putting less emphasis on where the students are going to go in the future.B. Letting students know that honesty is more important.C. Writing examinations for which it is hard to cheat.D. Setting up more strict campus honor codes.56. The best title of the passage might be_____________.A. Cheating Has Gone High-techB. Game of Cat and MouseC. A New Examination-supervision SystemD. Measures to Fight Against DishonestyPassage TwoTop marathon runners tend to be lean and light, star swimmers are long thighs with huge feet and gold medal weightlifters are solid blocks of muscle with short arms and legs. So, does your physical shape--and the way your body works--fit you for a particular sport? Or does your body develop a certain way because of your chosen sport?"It's about 55:45, genes to the environment," says Mike Rennie, professor of clinical physiology at Britain's University of Nottingham Medical School. Rennie cites the case of identical twins from Germany, one of whom was a long-distance athlete, the other a powerful sportsman, so, "They look quite different, despite being identical twins."Someone who's 1.5-meters tall has little chance of becoming an elite basketball player. Still, being over two meters tall won't automatically push you to Olympic gold. "Unless you have tactical sense where needed, unless you have access to good equipment, medical care and the psychological conditions, and unless you are able to drive yourself through pain, all the physical strength will be in vain," said Craig Sharp, professor of sports science at Britain's Brunel University.Jonathan Robinson, an applied sports scientist at the University of Bath's sports development department, in southwest England, points to the importance of technique. "In swimming only 5-10 per cent of the propelling force comes from the legs, so technique is vital."Having the right physique for the right sport is a good starting point. Seventeen years ago, the Australian Institute of Sport started a national Talent Search Program, which searched schools for 14-16-year-olds with the potential to be elite athletes. One of their first finds was Megan Still,world champion rower. In 1987, Still had never picked up an oar in her life. But she had almost the perfect physique for a rower. After intensive training, she won gold in women's rowing in the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.Other countries have followed the Australian example. Now the explosion of genetic knowledge has meant that there is now a search, not just for appropriate physique but also for "performance genes."57. It can be concluded from the passage that__________.A. physical strength is more important for sportspersons' successB. training conditions are more important for sportspersons' successC. genes are more important for sportspersons' successD. psychological conditions are more important for sportspersons' success58. The case of identical twins from Germany shows that_________.A. environment can help determine people's body shapeB. genes are the decisive factors for people's body shapeC. identical twins are likely to enjoy different sportsD. identical twins may have different genes for different sports59. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Craig Sharp as a required quality for a sportsperson to win an Olympic gold medal?A. The physical strength.B. The right training conditions.C. The talent for the sports.D. The endurance for pains.60. Seventeen years ago Megan Still was chosen for rowing because____________.A. she had the talent for rowingB. her body shape was right for a rowerC. she had the performance genesD. she was a skillful rower61. The word "elite" in Paragraph 5 means ________ .A. the most wealthyB. the most skilledC. the most industriousD. the most intelligent62. The elite athletes of the future may come from people who naturally possess___________.A. the best body shapes and an iron purposeB. the extremes of the right physique and strong willsC. the right psychological conditions and sports talentsD. the right physique and genes for sportsPassage ThreeFor years, a network of citizens' groups and scientific bodies has been claiming that science of global warming is inconclusive. But who funded them?Exxon's involvement is well known. ExxonMobil is the world's most profitable corporation. It makes most of its money from oil, and has more to lose than any other company from efforts to tackle climate change. To safeguard its profits, ExxonMobil needs to sow doubt about whether serious action needs to be taken on climate change. But there are difficulties: it must confront a scientific consensus as strong as that which maintains that smoking causes lung cancer or that HIV causes Aids. So what's its strategy?The website , using data found in the company's official documents, lists 124 organizations that have taken money from the company or work closely with those that have.These organizations take a consistent line on climate change: that the science is contradictory, the scientists are split, environmentalists are liars or lunatics, and if governments took action to prevent global warming, they would be endangering the global economy for no good reason. The findings these organizations dislike are labeled "junk science". The findings they welcome are labeled "sound science".This is not to claim that all the science these groups champion is bogus. On the whole, they use selection, not invention. They will find one contradictory study - such as the discovery of tropospheric (对流层的) cooling - and promote it relentlessly. They will continue to do so long after it has been disproved by further work. So, for example, John Christy, the author of the troposphere paper, admitted in August 2005 that his figures were incorrect, yet his initial findings are still being circulated and championed by many of these groups, as a quick internet search will show you.While they have been most effective in the United States, the impacts of the climate-change deniers sponsored by Exxon have been felt all over the world. By dominating the media debate on climate change during seven or eight critical years in which urgent international talks should have been taking place, by constantly seeding doubt about the science just as it should have been most persuasive, they have justified the money their sponsors have spent on them many times over.63. Which of the following has NOT been done by the organizations to establish their position on climate change'?A. Damaging the reputation of environmentalists.B. Emphasizing the lack of consensus among scientists.C. Stressing the unnecessary harm to tile global economy.D. Protecting the scientific discoveries from being misused.64. Which of the following is closest in meaning to "bogus' (in Paragraph 4)?A. Reasonable.B. Fake.C. Limitless.D. Inconsistent.65. John Christy is mentioned to show_______________.A. how closely these organizations work with scientistsB. how these organizations select scientific findings for their own purposeC. how important correct data are for scientists to make sound discoveriesD. how one man's mistake may set back the progress of science66. The organizations sponsored by Exxon ___________.A. have lived up to their promisesB. have almost caused worldwide chaosC. have failed to achieve their original goalD. have misunderstood the request of the sponsor67. The passage is mainly focused on____________.A. Exxon's involvement in scientific scandalsB. Exxon's contributions to the issue of climate changeC. Exxon's role in delaying solutions to global warmingD. Exxon's efforts to promote more scientific discoveries68. What is the author's tone in presenting the passage?A. Factual.B. Praiseful.C. Biased.D. Encouraging.Passage FourWhere anyone reaching the age of 60 was considered to be near death's door at the turn of the 20th century, it is barely old enough for retirement at the turn of the 21st century. And scientists are still not holding back. They say that as new anti-ageing treatments become available, our species will get even older. While few would argue that living longer is an attractive idea, the rapid increase in the number of years begs a question: Can our health expectancy be as close as possible to our life expectancy?Predictions for future health expectancy have changed over the past few decades. In the 1980s, life expectancy was increasing but the best data suggested that for every increased year of life expectancy, a greater fraction was disabled life expectancy. What we would see was a piling up of chronic illness and related disability which medical science couldn't prevent.But that world view changed suddenly in the early 1990s with the publication of a study by researchers at Duke University, who had been following the health of 20,000 people for almost a decade. They showed that disability among the elderly was not only dropping, but it was doing so at an ever-increasing rate.Arian Richardson, director of the Barshop Institute for Ageing and Longevity research, predicts that understanding the mechanisms behind calorie restriction and other genetic reasons behind ageing could be used within the next two decades to give people several extra healthy years of life. Restrict how much an animal eats, for example, and it will live longer. In lab experiments, rats on calorie-restricted diets were found to be physiologically younger, got diseases later in life and, at any rate, had less severe cases. "From the models that have been looked at, the increase in lifespan is usually in the range of 15-30% maximum," says Richardson. Cutting calories is thought to trigger a switch in an animal's behaviour from normal to a state of stasis in which growth and ageing are temporarily put on hold. When food becomes available again, the animal's behaviour switches back.Richardson says that thinking about stopping ageing is a "little bit silly" at the moment but doesn't dismiss it altogether, arguing that none of the illnesses related to ageing should be inevitable. Start with a high-quality body (and that means eating your greens, not smoking and doing lots of exercise in your younger days) and you can keep it going for longer with high quality maintenance. "It'll be like the difference between a Rolls-Royce and a cheap car."69. It can be seen from the first paragraph that people have doubts on whether _____________.A. is possible to live a longer healthy and lifeB. humans can live as long as scientists predictC. living longer is still considered a good ideaD. new anti-ageing treatments are safe for humans70. In the 1980s, the data on people's health expectancy_______________.A. gave an optimistic predictionB. showed an unclear futureC. led to a pessimistic perceptionD. turned out to be a mixed blessing71. In the lab experiment on rats,_____________.A. food restriction is not the only factor proved to have workedB. responses to food restriction vary from animal to animalC. the animals' lifespan increases with the amount of food eatenD.different amounts of food cause a change in the animals' behavior72. Richardson believes that_________.A. it is impossible for humans to stop ageingB. it is worthless to talk about stopping ageingC. stopping ageing is a dream that may come trueD. illness is the biggest obstacle to stopping ageing73. Rolls-Royce is used to convey the idea that_______________.A. quality life is out of reach for most peopleB. quality life can slow down the process of agingC. how long one can live depends on the genes one carriesD. the more money one invests in health, the healthier one will be.74. The most suitable title for the passage is ―___________‖.A. Problems of An Ageing SocietyB. Health Care for the ElderlyC. Eating Healthier, Living LongerD.The Future of Old AgePassage FiveIn dealing with a student who is acting aggressively toward his classmates, you want to send a strong message that aggressive behavior will not be tolerated in your classroom. In addition, you want to help him develop more appropriate ways of settling disputes with his peers.If two elementary school students are engaged in a fight, use a strong loud voice to stop it. If that doesn't work, you might say something odd ("Look up! The ceiling is falling!") to divert their attention. If they still don't stop and you can't separate them, send a student to the office to get help. If a crowd of children is gathering, insist that they move away or sit down, perhaps clapping your hands to get their attention: After the incident is over, meet with the combatants together so they can give you their versions of what happened and you can help them resolve any lingering problems. Also notify the parents.Speak in a firm, no-nonsense manner to stop a student's aggressive behavior: use physical restraint as a last resort. When responding to the student, pay attention to your verbal as well as non-verbal language. Even if he is yelling at you, stay calm. Allow him to express what he is upset about without interrupting him and then acknowledge his feelings. Avoid crossing your arms, pointing a finger or making threats: any of those actions could intensify his anger and stiffen his resistance.You might conclude that a student's aggressive behavior warrants separating him from the rest of the class, either to send him a strong message that what he did merits a serious consequence or to protect the other students. You can do that by giving him a time out in class or by sending him to the office.Although he might expect you to react punitively, surprise him by reacting supportively. Express your confidence that he can resolve problems without being hurtful to his peers. Tell him that you think he must be upset about something to lose control as he did and you want to understand what might be bothering him. If he does open up to you, listen attentively without interrupting. Speaking m a calm voice, tell him that you understand why he was upset, but stress that he has to find a way to express his anger with words rather than with his hands.You don't want to force an aggressive student to say he is sorry because that might fuel his anger, however, you do want to strongly encourage him to make amends with the student he hit. If he is willing to do that, it will help soothe hurt feelings and avoid future conflicts.75. What is the purpose of saying something odd when seeing students in a fight?A. To please the students.B. To surprise the students.C. To get the students' attention.D. To distract the students' attention.76. What is to be done about a student's aggressive behavior?A. Respond calmly but finny.B. Tell the student's parents immediately.C. Ask other students for help to stop the action.D. Have the student go to see the principal.77. What is NOT encouraged to do toward an aggressive student?A. Use physical restraint.B. Give the student a time out.C. Point at the student or make threats.D. Talk with the student privately.78. What does the word "'punitively" (in Paragraph 5) probably mean?A. Surprisingly.B. Depressingly.C. Involving persuasion.D. Involving punishment.79. What might be the last step to help all aggressive student?A. Encourage the student to be nice to the student he hit.B. Ask the student to promise he'll never do it again.C. Force the student to apologize for his behavior.D. Persuade the student to open up to you.80. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Problems in Classrooms.B. Dealing with Student Aggression.C. Aggressive Behavior in Classrooms.D. Settling a Student Fight.PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)One of the unintended consequences of the flattening world is that it puts different societies and cultures in much greater direct contact with one another. It connects people to people much faster than people and cultures can often prepare themselves. Some cultures thrive on the sudden opportunities for collaboration that this global intimacy makes possible. Others are frustrated, and even humiliated by this close contact, which, among other things, makes it easy for people to see where they stand in the world in relation to everyone else. All of this helps to account for the emergence of one of the most devastating forces today - the suicide bombers and other terrorist organizations which have no regard for human lives and which it is in our best interest to wipe out. Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)该法案旨在对美国中小学进行教育改革并使所有儿童有机会得到高质量的教育。
-历年考研英语真题集含答案(word版)
1980-2013年历年考研英语真题集含答案（word版）目录2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题- 2 -Section Ⅰ Use of English - 2 -Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension - 3 -Part A - 3 -Part B - 8 -Section III Writing - 11 -Party A - 11 -Part B - 11 -2013年考研英语真题答案- 12 -Part A - 12 -Part B: (20 points) - 13 -2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题- 13 -Section I Use of English - 13 -Section II Reading Comprehension - 15 -Part A - 15 -Part B - 21 -Section III Writing - 23 -Part A - 23 -Part B - 24 -2012考研英语真题答案 - 24 -2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题- 35 -Section I Use of English - 35 -Section II Reading Comprehension - 35 -Part A - 36 -Part B - 40 -Part C - 41 -Section Ⅲ Writing - 42 -Part A - 42 -Part B - 42 -2011年考研英语真题答案- 42 -2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题49Section I Use of English 49Section II Reading Comprehension 51Part A 51Part B 59Part C 61Section ⅢWriting 62Part A 62Part B 622010年考研英语真题答案632009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题65 Section I Use of English 65Section II Reading Comprehension 67Part A 67Part B 73Part C 75Section ⅢWriting 75Part A 75Part B 752009年考研英语真题答案752008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题75 Section I Use of English 75Section II Reading Comprehension 75Part A 75Part B 75Part C 77Section III Writing 78Part A 78Part B 782008年考研英语真题答案802007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题82 Section I Use of English 82Section II Reading Comprehension 85Part A 85Part B 92Part C 94Section III Writing 95Part A 95Part B 952007年考研英语真题答案962006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题98 Section I Use of English 98Section II Reading Comprehension 101Part A 101Part B 102Part C 102Section III Writing 102Part A 102Part B 1022006年考研英语真题答案1022005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题102 Section I Use of English 102Section II Reading Comprehension 103Part A 103Part B 110Part C 112Section III Writing 113Part A 113Part B 1132005年考研英语真题答案1152004年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题117 Section I Listening Comprehension 117Part A 117Part B 117Part C 118Section II Use of English 120Section III Reading Comprehension 124 Part A 124Part B 130Section IV Writing 1322004年考研英语真题答案1332003年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题135 Section I Listening Comprehension 135Part A 135Part B 135Part C 136Section II Use of English 138Section III Reading Comprehension 142 Part A 142Part B 149Section IV Writing 1492003年考研英语真题答案1512002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题153 Section I Listening Comprehension 153Part A 153Part B 154Part C 154Section II Use of English 157Section III Reading Comprehension 161 Part A 161Part B 168Section IV Writing 1682002年考研英语真题答案1702001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题172 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 172Part A 172Part B 174Section II Cloze Test 178Section III Reading Comprehension 182 Section IV English-Chinese Translation 189 Section V Writing 1902001年考研英语真题答案1922000年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题194 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 194Part A 194Part B 196Part C 197Section II Cloze Test 202Section III Reading Comprehension 203 Section IV English-Chinese Translation 211 Section V Writing 2122000年考研英语真题答案2131999年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题215 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 215Part A 215Part B 217Part C 218Section II Cloze Test 222Section III Reading Comprehension 224 Section IV English-Chinese Translation 232 Section V Writing 2321999年考研英语真题答案2341998年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题236 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 236Part A 236Part B 238Part C 239Section II Cloze Test 243Section III Reading Comprehension 245Section IV English-Chinese Translation 253 Section V Writing 2541998年考研英语真题答案2561997年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题258 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 258Part A 258Part B 260Part C 261Section II Cloze Test 265Section III Reading Comprehension 267 Section IV English-Chinese Translation 274 Section V Writing 2751997年考研英语真题答案2771996年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题279 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 279Part A 279Part B 281Part C 282Section II Cloze Test 286Section III Reading Comprehension 288 Section IV English-Chinese Translation 295 Section V Writing 2961996年考研英语真题答案2971995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题299 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 299Part A 299Part B 301Part C 302Section II Cloze Test 306Section III Reading Comprehension 308 Section IV English-Chinese Translation 315 Section V Writing 3161995年考研英语真题答案3171994年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题319 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 319Part A 319Part B 321Part C 322Section II Cloze Test 326Section III Reading Comprehension 328 Section IV English-Chinese Translation 335Section V Writing 3351994年考研英语真题答案3371993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题339 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 339 Section II Reading Comprehension 344 Section III Cloze Test 349Section IV Error-detection and Correction 352 Section V English-Chinese Translation 354 Section VI Writing 3541993年考研英语真题答案3561992年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题358 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 358 Section II Reading Comprehension 363 Section III Cloze Test 368Section IV Error-detection and Correction 370 Section V English-Chinese Translation 372 Section VI Writing 3731992年考研英语真题答案3741991年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题376 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 376 Section II Reading Comprehension 381 Section III Cloze Test 386Section IV Error-detection and Correction 389 Section V English-Chinese Translation 390 Section VI Writing 3911991年考研英语真题答案3921990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题394 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 394 Section II Reading Comprehension 396 Section III Cloze Test 400Section IV Error-detection and Correction 402 Section V Verb Forms 404Section VI Chinese-English Translation 404 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 405 1990年考研英语真题答案4071989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题409 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 409 Section II Reading Comprehension 411 Section III Cloze Test 416Section IV Error-detection and Correction 418 Section V Verb Forms 419Section VI Chinese-English Translation 420 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 420 1989年考研英语真题答案4221988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题424 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 424 Section II Reading Comprehension 426 Section III Cloze Test 431Section IV Error-detection and Correction 433 Section V Verb Forms 434Section VI Chinese-English Translation 435 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 435 1988年考研英语真题答案4371987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题439 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 439 Section II Reading Comprehension 441 Section III Structure and Vocabulary 445 Section IV Cloze Test 447Section V Verb Forms 449Section VI Error-detection and Correction 450 Section VII Chinese-English Translation 452 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 452 1987年考研英语真题答案4541986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题456 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 456 Section II Cloze Test 458Section III Reading Comprehension 460 Section IV Structure and Vocabulary 463 Section V Error-detection and Correction 465 Section VI Verb Forms 467Section VII Chinese-English Translation 467 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 468 1986年考研英语真题答案4691985年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题471 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 471 Section II Cloze Test 473Section III Reading Comprehension 476 Section IV Structure and Vocabulary 477 Section V Error-detection and Correction 479 Section VI Verb Forms 480Section VII Chinese-English Translation 481 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 4821985年考研英语真题答案4841984年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题487 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 487 Section II Cloze Test 492Section III Reading Comprehension 494 Section IV Structure and Vocabulary 495 Section V Error-detection and Correction 497 Section VI Verb Forms 499Section VII Chinese-English Translation 500 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 500 1984年考研英语真题答案5021983年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题505 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 505 Section II Verb Forms 507Section III Error-detection 507Section IV Cloze Test 508Section V Reading Comprehension 511 Section VI Structure and Vocabulary 512 Section VII Chinese-English Translation 514 Section VIII English-Chinese Translation 514 1983年考研英语真题答案5161982年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题518 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 518 Section II Verb Forms 520Section III Error-detection 521Section IV Cloze Test 522Section V Reading Comprehension 524 Section VI Chinese-English Translation 526 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 526 1982年考研英语真题答案5291981年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题531 Section I Structure and Vocabulary 531 Section II Error-detection 534Section III Sentence Making 535Section IV Verb Forms 535Section V Cloze Test 536Section VI Chinese-English Translation 537 Section VII English-Chinese Translation 537 1981年考研英语真题答案5401980年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题543 Section I Use of Prepositions 543Section II Verb Tenses 543Section III Verb Forms 544Section IV Structure and Vocabulary 545Section V Error-detection 547Section VI Chinese-English Translation 548Section VII English-Chinese Translation 5481980年考研英语真题答案5512013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of appearing too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day.To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was 11 .He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews, 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant's score on the Graduate Management Admission Test, or GMAT, a standardised exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .1.[A] grant [B] submits [C] transmits [D] delivers2.[A] minor [B]objective [C] crucial [D] external3.[A] issue [B] vision [C] picture [D] moment4.[A] For example [B] On average [C] In principle[D] Above all5.[A] fond [B]fearful [C] capable [D] thoughtless6.[A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for7.[A] if [B]until [C] though [D] unless8.[A] promote [B]emphasize [C] share [D] test9.[A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success10.[A] chosen [B]stupid [C]found [D] identified11.[A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise12.[A] inspired [B]expressed [C] conducted [D] secured13.[A] assigned [B]rated [C] matched [D] arranged14.[A] put [B]got [C]gave [D] took15.[A]instead [B]then [C] ever [D] rather16.[A]selected [B]passed [C] marked [D] introduced17.[A]before [B] after [C] above [D] below18.[A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate19.[A]achieve [B]undo [C] maintain [D]disregard20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpfulSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scold her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her. Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to department stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decades or so, advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara, H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quckier turnrounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent releases, and more profit. Those labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposal-- meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that--and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking all industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.The victims of this revolution, of course, are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a 5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2300-plus stores aroundthe world, it must rely on low-wage, overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amount of harmful chemicals.Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. Mass-produced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable, and wasteful,” Cline argues, Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year--about 64 items per person--and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named SKB, who, since 2008 has make all of her own clothes--and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example, can’t be knocked off.Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment--including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection Line--Cline believes lasting-change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford to it.21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her[A] poor bargaining skill.[B] insensitivity to fashion.[C] obsession with high fashion.[D]lack of imagination.22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to[A] combat unnecessary waste.[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.[C] resist the influence of advertisements.[D] shop for their garments more frequently.23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to[A] accusation.[B] enthusiasm.[C] indifference.[D] tolerance.24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.25. What is the subject of the text?[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.Text 2An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:[A] ease competition among themselves[B] lower their operational costs[C] avoid complaints from consumers[D]provide better online services27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:[A] online advertisers[B] e-commerce conductors[C] digital information analysis[D]internet browser developers28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default[A] many cut the number of junk ads[B] fails to affect the ad industry[C] will not benefit consumers[D]goes against human nature29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:[A] indulgence[B] understanding[C] appreciaction[D] skepticismText 3Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence .Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment[B] our faith in science and technology[C] our awareness of potential risks[D] our belief in equal opportunity32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggest that human being are[A] a sustained species[B] a threaten to the environment[C] the world’s dominant power[D] a misplaced race33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world[C] draw on our experience from the past[D] curb our ambition to reshape history35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Uncertainty about Our Future[B] Evolution of the Human Species[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind[D] Science, Technology and HumanityText 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field”and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts[A] violated the Constitution.[B] undermined the states’ interests.[C] supported the federal statute.[D] stood in favor of the states.39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement[A] outweighs that held by the states.[B] is dependent on the states’ support.[C] is established by federal statutes.[D] rarely goes against state laws.40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.Part BDirections:In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and。
江苏省专升本英语真题2012年
江苏省专升本英语真题2012年第Ⅰ卷Part Ⅰ Reading ComprehensionDirections:There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneDifferent countries and different races have different manners. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes. In European countries, even though shoes sometimes become very muddy, this is not done. A guest in a Chinese house sometimes does not finish a drink. He leaves a little, to show that he has had enough. In a Malay house, too, a guest always leaves a little food. In England, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he enjoys it.We should like to find the customs of other races, so that they will not think us ill-mannered. But people all over the world agree that being well-mannered really means being kind and helping others, especially those older or weaker than ourselves. If you remember this, you will not go very far wrong.Here are some examples of the things that a well-mannered person does or does not do.He never laughs at people when they are in trouble. He is always kind either to people or to animals. When people are waiting for a bus, or in a post office, he lines up to wait for his turn. In the bus, he gives his seat to an older person or a lady who is standing. It he accidentally bumps into (碰撞) someone, or gets in their way, he says, "Excuse me" or "I'm sorry".He says "Please" when making a request, and "Thank you" when he receives something. He stands up when speaking to a lady or an older person, and he does not sit down until the other person is seated. He does not talk too much about himself. When eating, he does not speak with his mouth full of food.1、 According to the passage, a knowledge of the customs of other races ______.A. is very usefulB. is unnecessaryC. is unimportantD. does not mean much2、 A person with good manners think of ______.A. the older before himselfB. himself before othersC. no one but himselfD. his personal interests3、 Which of the following is NOT true? A well-mannered person usually ______.A. says "Please" when making a requestB. makes an apology for bumping into someone accidentallyC. sits where he is when speaking to a ladyD. tries to help those who are in trouble4、 If you want to be well-mannered, ______.A. you laugh at people when they are in troubleB. it's all right to speak with your mouth full of foodC. you should stop someone when he is talkingD. you should speak after someone else has finished talking5、 As different countries have different manners, ______.A. it's unnecessary to learn their mannersB. we should try to find out the differences in the customsC. it should be wrong to go out of one's way to do anythingD. learning a little second language would be helpfulPassage TwoI entered St. Thomas's Hospital as a medical student at the age of 18 and spent five years there. I was an unsatisfactory student, for my heart was not in it. I had always wanted to be a writer, and in the evenings, after my tea, I wrote and read. Before long, I wrote a novel, called Liza of Lambeth, which I sent to the publisher and was accepted. It appeared during my last year at the hospital and had something of a success. I felt I could afford to give up medicine and make writing my profession; so, three days after I graduated from the school of medicine, I set out for Spain to write another book. Looking back now, and knowing the terrible difficulties of making a living by writing, I realize I was taking a fearful risk.The next ten years were very hard, and I earned an average of ￡100 a year. Then I had a bit of luck. The manager of the Court Theatre put on a play that failed; the next play he had arranged to put on was not ready, and he was at his wits' end. He read a play of mine and, though he did not much like it, he thought it might just run for the six weeks till the play he had in mind to follow it with could be produced. It ran for fifteen months. Within a short while, I had four plays running in London at the same time. Nothing of the kind had ever happened before. I was the talk of the town.6、 When the author was a medical student, he ______.A. had some trouble with his heartB. was a very good studentC. wanted to be a writer after graduationD. was satisfied with what he was doing at the time7、 When the author wrote his first novel, ______.A. he sent it to a publisher but it was not acceptedB. he was still studying at the medical schoolC. he succeeded in publishing it thought it was not a successD. he had graduated from the medical school8、 The author gave up medicine because at that time ______.A. he thought he could make a living by writingB. he knew the success of the book was naturalC. he knew it was no risk to be a writerD. he was quite rich after the success of his book9、 For the first ten years of his writing career after his graduation, the author earned an average of ￡100 a year, which was ______.A. a great sumB. a bit of luckC. a small sumD. a moderate success10、 The manager of the Court Theatre agreed to put on the author's play because ______.A. he thought the author was a good playwrightB. he liked the author's plays very muchC. he failed to arrange a new play in timeD. he heard that the author had studied medicine beforePassage ThreeIn the last 500 years, nothing about people—not their clothes, ideas, or languages—has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the "Potato Famine" of 1845—1846, and thousands more were forced to emigrate to America. There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Columbia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered by a goatherd named Kaldi. He noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the "wide-awake" feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.11、 According to the passage, ______ has changed the most in the last 500 years.A. foodB. chocolateC. potateD. coffee12、 "Some" in "Some still exist today" (Para. 1) means ______.A. some cocoa treesB. some chocolate drinksC. some shopsD. some South American Indians13、 Thousands of Irish people starved during the "Potato Famine" because ______.A. they were so dependent on the potato that they refused to eat anything elseB. they were forced to emigrate to AmericaC. the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing the potatoD. the potato harvest was bad14、 Coffee originally came from ______.A. BrazilB. ColumbiaC. EthiopiaD. Arabia15、 The Arabic legend is used to prove that ______.A. coffee was first discovered by KaldiB. coffee was first discovered by Kaldi's goatsC. coffee was first discovered in South American countriesD. coffee drinks were first made by ArabsPassage FourAround the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventures—those who have climbed the highest mountains, explored unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who seek an immediate thrill from a risky activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.I would consider bungee jumping to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge or a hot-air balloon) 200 metres above the ground with an elastic rope tied to your ankles. You fall at upto 150 kilometres an hour till the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is estimated that about 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities as risky as bungee jumping involve jumping from tall building and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs. Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modem societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people's lives were constantly under threat. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured, and life was a continuous battle for survival.Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe environment; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to seek danger in activities such as bungee jumping.16、 The best title for the passage would be ______.A. Dangerous Sports: What and WhyB. The Boredom of Modern LifeC. Bungee Jumping: Is It Really DangerousD. The Need for Excitement17、 More and more people today ______.A. are trying activities such as bungee jumpingB. are climbing the highest mountainsC. are coming close to death in sportsD. are exploring unknown places18、 In bungee jumping, you ______.A. jump as high as you canB. slide down a rope to the groundC. attach yourself to a rope and fall towards the groundD. fall towards the ground without a rope19、 People probably take part in dangerous sports nowadays because ______.A. they have a lot of free timeB. they can go to hospital if they are injuredC. their lives lack excitementD. they no longer need to hunt for food20、 The writer of the passage has a ______ attitude towards dangerous sports.A. positiveB. negativeC. neutralD. nervousPart Ⅱ Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are forty incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center.21、 Wounded ______ he was, he refused to come back from the front.A. sinceB. forC. asD. although22、 After the class meeting, she ______ us about her life in the United States.A. went on tellingB. went to tellC. went tellingD. went on to tell23、 The owner and editor of the newspaper ______ the conference.A. were attendingB. was to attend toC. is to attendD. are to attend24、 It ______ John and Peter who helped me with my work the other day.A. wereB. isC. had beenD. was25、 It's high time ______ him a severe lesson for being late.A. you giveB. you gaveC. you'll giveD. you should give26、 ______, we decided to leave at once, as we didn't want to risk missing the last bus.A. Being pretty lateB. As it being pretty lateC. It being pretty lateD. It was being pretty late27、 No announcement has been made concerning ______ on the next flight.A. who goB. who is goingC. is who goingD. who went28、 The electric furnace ______ before it can be used.A. needs repairingB. should be in repairC. must repairD. has to be repairable29、 We can't enter the room because its door ______.A. lockedB. locksC. is lockedD. is locking30、 ______ Charles starts a job, he will do it ______ it is finished.A. Since, whereB. Each time, onceC. Once, tillD. The moment, as31、 Seldom ______ any mistakes during my past 10 years of working here.A. I did makeB. did I makeC. I would makeD. I made32、 ______ in the park, I came across my former English teacher.A. If wanderedB. If wanderingC. While wanderedD. While wandering33、 I'm sorry ______ so long. I forgot to tell you in advance that I would have a meeting this afternoon.A. to keep you waitedB. to keep you waitingC. to have kept you waitingD. to have kept you waited34、 I bitterly regret ______ him the sad story.A. having toldB. to have toldC. to tellD. told35、 The house that ______ in the floods must be rebuilt before winter comes.A. has been washed awayB. has to wash awayC. has them washed awayD. has washed them away36、—"Do you think he will make a good president?"—"He is just ______ Bill."A. as qualified asB. more qualified likeC. the same qualified asD. much qualified than37、 Although ______ alone at home, he didn't feel lonely.A. leavingB. leaveC. leavesD. left38、 The crime was not discovered till 48 hours later, ______ gave the criminals plenty of time to get away.A. whichB. thatC. asD. what39、 After 15 years abroad, his brother came back only ______ his hometown severely in an earthquake.A. to be findingB. findingC. foundD. to find40、 ______ the final exam, I would go shopping this afternoon.A. As forB. Because ofC. But forD. Due to41、 By the time you get home, we ______ in Qingdao for one week.A. will be stayingB. will have stayedC. would have stayedD. have stayed42、 If we ______ this speed, we will arrive there in about two days.A. keep upB. keep fromC. keep outD. keep away43、 They are shocked to find ______ water has been polluted.A. large quantities ofB. a great number ofC. a good deal ofD. a plenty of44、 This university is outstanding ______ its faculty and reference resources.A. in place ofB. in terms ofC. by means ofD. by way of45、 Liquids are like solids ______ they have a definite volume.A. on thatB. for thatC. with thatD. in that46、 Her sense of inferiority ______ her unfortunate family background.A. results fromB. brings aboutC. results inD. stands for47、 With more members signing up, our recreation club needs more ______.A. sporting equipmentB. sports equipmentC. sports equipmentsD. sport equipments48、 He is such a strong-willed person that there is nothing in the world that can ______ him.A. winB. defeatC. rescueD. attach49、 She liked shopping but she was not in the ______ for it because she wasa little exhausted.A. moodB. mindC. stateD. spirit50、 Go back to the factory on time, or you will be ______.A. hiredB. rentedC. employedD. fired51、 I would much ______ it if you could help me carry the luggage.A. appreciateB. applyC. admitD. achieve52、 It has been two years since her brother was ______ with her parents.A. on contactB. in contactC. keep contactD. come into contact53、 One must obtain ______ from the landowner to hurt in this forest.A. admirationB. requirementC. permissionD. association54、 The pill my mother gave me ______ my toothache.A. regainedB. restrictedC. relievedD. released55、 He is in ______ about the job he is going to lose.A. despairB. regretC. defeatD. risk56、 The famous actress tried hard not to answer any ______ questions about her unhappy marriage.A. embarrassedB. embarrassingC. emergentD. urgent57、 The young man fought to save a drowning girl. He was ______ admiration.A. worthy ofB. worthwhileC. worth ofD. worth58、 My father has many friends because he has a warm and ______ personality.A. outsideB. outlookC. outstandingD. outgoing59、 I don't like that fellow. He always talks with ______ of self-importance.A. an appearanceB. a faceC. an airD. a color60、 It was ______ of him to leave the classroom when the teacher criticized him.A. childlikeB. childishC. childhoodD. childlessPart Ⅲ ClozeDirections:There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the context. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line thought the center.Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left in the 61 of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their 62 children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any 63 visitors.The truth is that this idea is an 64 story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care 65 elderly people need. Samuel Preston, a sociologist, studied 66 the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the 67 American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. 68 , because people today live longer after an illness than people did years 69 , family members must provide long term care. More psychologists have found that all caregivers 70 a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best 71 for the job. In other words, they all felt that they 72 do the job better than anyone else. Social workers 73 caregivers to find out why they took 74 the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had a (n) 75 to help their relative. Some stated that helping others 76 them feel more useful. Others hoped that by helping 77 now, they would deserve care when they became old and 78 . Caring for the elderly and being taken care of can be a 79 satisfying experience for everyone who might be 80 .61、 A. hands B. arms C. bodies D. homes62、 A. growing B. grown C. being grown D. having grow63、 A. constant B. lasting C. regular D. normal64、 A. imaginary B. imaginable C. imaginative D. imagery65、 A. that B. this C. what D. who66、 A. when B. how C. what D. where67、 A. common B. regular C. standard D. average68、 A. Further B. However C. Moreover D. Whereas69、 A. before B. ago C. later D. lately70、 A. share B. enjoy C. divide D. consent71、 A. person B. people C. character D. man72、 A. would B. will C. could D. can73、 A. questioned B. interviewed C. inquired D. informed74、 A. in B. up C. on D. off75、 A. admiration B. action C. necessity D. duty76、 A. caused B. enabled C. made D. got77、 A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. anybody78、 A. elderly B. dependent C. dependable D. independent79、 A. similarly B. differently C. mutually D. certainly80、 A. involved B. excluded C. included D. considered第Ⅱ卷Part Ⅳ TranslationSection ADirections:Translation the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part Ⅰ.81、 Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes.82、 We should like to find the customs of other races, so that they will not think us ill-mannered.83、 He read a play of mine and, though he did not much like it, he thought it might just run for the six weeks till the play he had in mind could be produced.84、 Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Columbia and other South American countries.85、 Now, however, there are people who look for an immediate thrill from a risky activity which may only last a few minutes or even seconds.Section BDirections:Translation the following sentences into English.86、因为下大雪，足球比赛推迟到下周日举行。
科技英语试题带答案精修订
科技英语试题带答案 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#I.U s e o f E n g l i s h1. —Good-bye and thank you very much for a wonderful time. —________A______. Hope to see you again.A. Thank you for your comingB. Not at allC. It was nothingD. Never mind2. —I’m sorry. I lost the key. —______A______A. Well, it’s OK.B. No, it’s all right.C. You are welcome.D. You are wrong.3. —I’m so sorry for stepping on your foot.— _____A_______.A. That’s all rightB. No, it’s my faultC. You didn’t hurt me at allD. Yes, don’t worry about it4. —Paul, ____B________—Oh, that’s my father! And beside him, my mother.A. what is the person over thereB. who’s tal king over thereC. what are they doingD. which is that5. —Could I speak to Don Watkins, please? —________C____A. I’m listeningB. Oh, how are you?C. Speaking, please.D. I’m Don.6. — Would you rather come on Friday or Saturday? — _______D_____A. Yes, of course.B. The other is better.C. What’s the matter?D. Either would suit me.7. —Would you mind if I turned the radio up —_______B______.A. Yes, pleaseB. No, go aheadC. No, thank youD. Yes, that’ll be right8. —_____C_______ —He teaches physics in a school.A. What does your father want to do?B. Who is your father?C. What is your father?D. Where is your father now?9. — I wonder what the weather will be like tomorrow. —_____D_______A. I don’t li ke the weather at this time of the year.B. I don’t mind if it is going to rain tomorrow.C. Why read the newspaper yourself?D. Let’s listen to the weather report on the radio at ten.10. —Why didn’t you come to my birthday party yesterday?—_____D_______A. Excuse me, my friend sent me a flower.B. Fine, I never go to birthday parties.C. Ha…ha, I don’t like birthday parties.D. Sorry, but my wife had a car accident11. —Thank you for inviting me. —_______D_____A. I really had a happy time.B. Oh, it’s too lateC. Oh, so slowly?D. Thank you for coming12. — _____C_______. —It’s nothing to worry about. I never liked it anyway.A. I lost my walkman this morningB. I feel awful. I’ve got a coldC. I feel terrible, but I’ve left your tape somewhereD. I’m sorry, but we don’t have that medicine13. —We are going to London for holiday next week. Would you mind taking care of my garden while we’re away—Not at all. ______C______.A. Sorry, I have no timeB. I’d rather notC. With pleasureD. No, I wouldn’t14. —_______B_____ —Well, they got there last Wednesday. So about a week.A. When did your parents arrive at Paris?B. How long have your parents been in Paris?C. Did your parents arrive at Paris last Wednesday?D. When will your parents go to Paris?15. — Do you feel like taking a walk in the park— _____C_______.A. You may ask your brother to go, tooB. Yes, but I can’t afford the timeC. No, I’m really not in the mood for it this eveningD. No, I’d like it16. —Hi, welcome back! Had a nice trip? —______A______A. Oh, fantastic! Fresh air, and sunshine every day.B. Come on, I’ve got lots of fun.C. By the way, I don’t like Saturdays.D. Well, I’ll loo k forward to your phone call.17. —Oh, sorry to bother you. —______C______A. That’s good.B. No, you can’t.C. That’s Okay.D. Oh, I don’t know.18. — Jane: Tom, let me introduce you to Lucy. — Tom: ____B________ —Lucy: Hi, I’m Lucy Lee.A. What’s your nameB. Hello.C. Nice to see you.D. Sorry, not right now.19. —Would you like to have dinner with me this Saturday, Mr. Wang? —_______C________.A. Oh, no. Let’s notB. I’d rather stay at homeC. I’d love to, but I have a meeting that dayD. Thank you?20. —How often do you go dancing? —______C______A. I will go dancing tomorrow.B. Yesterday.C. Every other day.D. I’ve been dancing for a year.21. —You’ve won the football game. Congratulations!— ______A______.A. It’s nice of you to say soB. We are really luckyC. No one else could do itD. Oh, not really22. —Marilyn, I’m afraid I have to be leaving now.—______B______A. That sounds wonderful.B. Oh, so early?C. Not at all.D. Good luck!23. —I was worried about my maths, but Mr. Brown gave me an A. —_____B_______A. Don’t worry about it.B. Congratulations! That’s a difficult course.C. Mr. Brown is very good.D. Good luck to you!24. —What’s hap pened to my library books? — ______A______ .A. I’ve no ideaB. You borrowed them from the libraryC. You bought them yesterdayD. They’re about wild animals25. —Mike, I am going to skate in the mountains tomorrow. —Oh, really _______C________.A. Good luckB. Thank youC. Have a good timeD. Congratulations26. —How about going to dinner at the Mexican restaurant tonight? —______C______A. Forget it.B. Sorry, I like Mexican food.C. That’s great!D. Glad you like it.27. — My children are always arguing. — _____A_______A. Just leave them alone.B. That’s right.C. Are you sure?D. How old are the boys?28. —I wonder if I could use your dictionary —Sure.______B_________.A. Go onB. Here you areC. Go upD. Here are you29. —Madam, do all the buses go downtown? —_______D_____A. Wow, you got the idea.B. No, never mind.C. Pretty well, I guess.D. Sorry, I’m new here.30. — Where is Tom this morning? — H e’s got a cold.—______A______A. Just tell him to take it easy.B. What’s the matter with him?C. He is absent.D. What Where is heII. Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Pigeons have been used as messengers for 500 years, because of their special ability to find home. The mystery of the homing pigeon is on how it navigates and how it finds home. We now know that there are two ways that pigeons tell directions. First, they use the sun. Just getting rough directions from the sun is easy. However, getting accurate directions from the sun takes more care. To tell direction accurately from the sun, one needs to know the exact time.All plants and animals seem to have built-in clocks. Usually these biological clocks are not quite exact in measuring time. However, they work pretty well, because they are “reset” every day, maybe when the sun gets up.Do pigeons use their biological clocks to help them find direction from the sun We can experiment to find out. We can keep pigeons in a room lighted only by lamps. And we can time the lighting to make their artificial “days” start at some different time fr om the real outside day. After a while we have shifted their clocks. Now we take them far away from home and let them go on a sunny day. Most of them start out asif they know just which way to go, but choose a wrong direction. They have picked a direction that would be correct for the position of the sun and the time of day according to their shifted clocks.The above experiment shows that homing pigeons can tell directions by the sun. What happens when the sky is darkly overcast by clouds and no one can see where the sun is The pigeons still find their way home. Soit seems that pigeons also have some extra sense of direction from the earth’s magnetic field when they cannot see the sun.1. Pigeons have been used as messengers, for they have special ability ______B_______.A. to send lettersB. to find homeC. to carry food for menD. to lead the way for people2. The secret of the homing pigeons is ________B_____.A. how they find foodB. how they find homeC. how they take a letterD. how they take care of children3. All plants and animals reset their biological clocks when________A______.A. the sun risesB. the sun setsC. the moon risesD. the moon sets4. The experiment tells us that the pigeons fly ____C__ because of the shifted biological clocks.A. in a wrong directionB. in a correct directionC. in all directionsD. in a circle5. Pigeons have ___C___ to tell the direction when it is cloudy by using the earth’s magnetic field.A. sharp eyesB. sensitive hearingC. sense of directionD. brain wavesPassage 2The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, "High school English teachers are not doing their jobs." He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established.My topic is not standards nor its decline (降低). What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teachingfor sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies (缺陷). But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people donot have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people mustbe hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adultsthe language of the young always seems inadequate.Since this concern about the decline and fall of the Englishlanguage is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it naturally follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.6. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that __D___.A. the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that of the older generationB. the students had a poor command of English because they didn't work hard enoughC. he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen yearsD. English teachers should be held responsible for the students' poor command of English7. In the author's opinion, the speaker ___B___.A. gave a correct judgment of the English level of the studentsB. had exaggerated the language problems of the studentsC. was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobsD. could think and speak intelligently8. The author's attitude towards the speaker's remarks is ___C___.A. neutralB. positiveC. criticalD. compromising9. It can be concluded from the passage that ___D___.A. it is justifiable to include English as a school subjectB. the author disagrees with the speaker over the stadard of English at Grade 9 levelC. English language teaching is by no means an easy jobD. Language improvement needs time and effort10. In the passage the author argues that ___A___.A. it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the studentsB. young people would not commit offences against the language if the teachers did their jobs properlyC. to eliminate language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and earsD. to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generationsPassage 3Is there a “success personality”— some winning combination of qualities that leads almost inevitably to achievement If so, exactly what is that secret success formula, and can anyone cultivate itAt the Gallup Organization we recently focused in depth on success, probing the attitudes and qualities of 1 500 prominent people selected at random from Who’s Who in America. Our res earch finds out a number of qualities that occur regularly among top achievers. Here is one of the most important, that is, common sense.Common sense is the most prevailing quality possessed by our respondents(回答者). Seventy-nine percent award themselves a top scorein this category. And 61 percent say that common sense was very important in contributing to their success.To most, common sense means the ability to present sound, practical judgments on everyday affairs. To do this, one has to sweep aside extraneous ideas and get right to the core of what matters. A Texas oil and gas businessman puts it this way: “The key ability for success is simplifying. In conducting meetings and dealing with industry, reducing a complex problem to the simplest terms is hi ghly important.”Is common sense a quality a person is born with, or can you do something to increase it The oil man’s answer is that common sense can definitely be developed. He attributes his to learning how to debate in school. Another way to increase your store of common sense is to observe it in others, learning from their — and your own — mistakes.Besides common sense, there are many other factors that influence success: knowing your field, self-reliance, intelligence, the ability to get things done, leadership, creativity, relationships with others, and of course, luck. But common sense stands out. If you cultivate these qualities, you’ll succeed. And you might even find yourself listed in Who’s Who someday.11. It can be known from the passage that Who’s Who___C___.A. is a very useful book telling us how to succeedB. is a book providing us with the information about the family life of some famous peopleC. is a book providing us with the names and brief biographies of the top successful peopleD. is a book from which we can find out the names of different peoples in the world12. According to the author, common sense____B__.A. is something that common people like bestB. is something that enables one to form correct opinionsC. is a popular quality a person is born withD. is a quality that is possessed by common people13. The word“extraneous” in Paragraph 4 most probably means__D____.A. rightB. extraordinaryC. clearD. not related14. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor for success? BA. Intelligence.B. Modesty.C. Creativity.D. Good luck.15. The passage is mainly concerned with___D___.A. organizational ability and good work habitsB. the way to obtain big profits and achieve fame and successC. knowledge and interest which are primary to successD. what successful people have in commonPassage 4Baekeland and Hartmann report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general, these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.”Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.16. According to the report,___D___.A. many short sleepers need less sleep by natureB. many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their workC. long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the dayD. many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood17. Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that __C___.A. sleep is a withdrawal from the realityB. sleep interferes with their sound judgementC. sleep is the least expensive item on their routine programD. sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles18. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers __B___.A. are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of lifeB. often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleepC. do not know how to relax properlyD. are more unlikely to run into mental problems19. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might __A__.A. appear disturbedB. become energeticC. feel dissatisfiedD. be extremely depressed20. Which of the following is Not included in the passage? BA. If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakenedB. The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the sane as those shown by many mental patientsC. Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleepD. Short sleepers would be better off with more restPassage 5Not so long ago almost any student who successfully completes a university degree or diploma course could find a good career quite easily. However, those days are gone, even in Hong Kong, and nowadays graduates often face strong competition in the search for jobs.Job seekers first have to make a careful assessment of their own abilities. One area of assessment should be of their academic qualifications, which would include special skills within their subject area. Graduates should also consider their own personal values and attitudes, or the relative importance to themselves of such matters as money, security, leadership and caring for others.The second stage is to study the opportunities available for employment and to think about how the general employment situation is likely to develop in the future. After studying all the various options, they should be in a position to make informed comparisons between various careers.Job application forms and letters should, of course, be filled in carefully and correctly, without grammar or spelling errors.When graduates are asked to attend for interview, they should prepare properly by finding out all they can about the prospective employer. Dressing suitably and arriving for the interview on time are also obviously important. Interviewees should try to give positive andhelpful answers and should not be afraid to ask questions about anything they are unsure about. This is much better than pretending to understand a question and giving an unsuitable answer.There will always be good career opportunities for people with ability, skills and determination; the secret to securing a good job to be one of them.21. In Paragraph 1, the sentence “… those days are gone, even in Hong Kong…” suggest that ___D___.A. Hong Kong is no longer the good place for finding jobsB. nowadays, everyone in Hong Kong has an equal chance of finding a good careerC. it used to be harder to find a good job in Hong Kong than in other countries.D. in the past, finding a good career was easier in Hong Kong than elsewhere22. The word “relative” in Paragraph 2 could best be replaced by“______B____”.A. familyB. comparativeC. considerateD. slight23. The advice given in the first sentence of Paragraph 3 is to______B_____.A. find out what jobs are available and the opportunities for future promotionB. examine the careers available and how these will be affected in the futureC. look at the information on and probable future location of various careersD. study the opportunities and the kinds of training that will be available24. The word “prospective” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “___C____”.A. generousB. reasonableC. futureD. ambitious25. In paragraph 5, the writer seems to suggest that _____C___.A. interviewees should ask a question if they can’t think of an answerB. pretending to understand a question is better than giving an unsuitable answerC. it is better for interviewees to be honest than to pretend to understandD. it is not a good idea for interviewees to be completely honest in their answersPassage 6Some people believe that international sport creates goodwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. Others say that the opposite is true: those international contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred. There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourage international brotherhood. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests.One country received its second-place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final. There had been noisy scenes at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to final decisions. They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents’ victory was unfair. Their manager was in a ragew hen he said, “This wasn’t hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federation are finished.” The president of the Federation said later that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least two years.The American basketball team announced that they would not yieldfirst place to Russia, after a disputable end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into basket. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. The American players then voted for not to receive the silver medals.Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. The suggestion thatathletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national team, might be too much to hope for. But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too much that encourages aggressive patriotism.26. According to the author, recent Olympic Games have _____C_____.A. created good will between the nationsB. bred only false national prideC. barely showed any international friendshipD. led to more and more misunderstanding and hatred27. What did the manager mean by saying “… Hockey and theInternational Hockey Federation are finished.”BA. His team would no longer take part in the international games.B. Hockey and the Federation are both ruined by the unfair decisions.C. There should be no more hockey matches organized by the Federation.D. The Federation should be dissolved.28. The basketball example implied that ______A_____.A. too much patriotism was displayed in the incident.B. the announcement to prolong the match was wrongC. The appeal jury was too hesitant in making the decisionD. the American team was right in rejecting the silver medals29. The author gives the two examples in Paragraph 2 and 3 to show____C____.A. how false national pride led to undesirable incidents in international gamesB. that sportsmen have been more obedient than they used to beC. that competitiveness in the games discourages international friendshipD. that unfair decisions are common in Olympic Games30. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?DA. International contests are liable for misunderstanding between nations.B. Athletes should compete as individuals in the Olympic Games.C. Sport should be played competitively rather than for the love of the game.D. The organization of the Olympic Games must be improved.III. Vocabulary and Structure1. It is just as hard to persuade my wife not to dance _B___ to keep me from the football field.A. so it isB. as it isC. so is itD. as is it2. The committee ___B___ different opinions about the financial help given to the workers.A. hasB. haveC. havingD. having had3. Nothing is ___A__ time; yet nothing is less valued.A. more precious thanB. less precious thanC. most preciousD. as precious as4. ____A__ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. As soon as5. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____B__ tired of having one examination after another.A. isB. areC. amD. be6. The child felt there was no one he could turn __A____ with his problem.A. toB. forC. onD. at7. __A__ from the top of the mountain, the whole city looks beautiful.A. SeenB. SeeingC. SeeD. Looked8. Traveling abroad will broaden your ____ C__ and help you to understand the world.A. rangeB. sightC. horizonD. vision9. In all English towns there is a speed limit of 30 miles an hour, __B___A. is thereB. isn’t thereC. is itD. isn’t it10. No sooner had he left ____B___ the police arrived.A. whenB. thanC. thenD. before11. __D__ the expense, I ____ a round-the-world tour.A. Were it not … would takeB. If it were not… takeC. Weren’t it for… will takeD. If it hadn’t been for… would have taken12. As a part-time job, I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college __C____.A. scopeB. scheduleC. vacationD. vocation13. The mountain village is my hometown. I spent __C___ merry night there when I was young.A. a great manyB. plenty ofC. many aD. a great deal14. ___B___ the cold wind, they went out without their coats.A. DespiteB. In spiteC. AlthoughD. Unless15.Ellis Haizlip began his stage career in Washington, D.C., _D__ supervised the Howard University Players during their summer season.A. he wasB. where he was C .which heD. where he16. Never before __A____ won gold medals in the Olympic Games.A. have so many Chinese athletesB. so many Chinese athletes haveC. have such many Chinese athletesD. such many Chinese athletes have17. Those ___A__ to go to the exhibition should inform the office.A. not wantingB. who not wantC. not wantedD. are not want18. What did the teacher ___C___ us to do tonight as our homework?A. allowB. permitC. assignD. resign。
2012年考研英语二真题答案及解析
2012年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)答案详解SectionⅠUse of English文章分析本文是一篇以人物介绍为中心的说明文。
讲述了身为草根的G.I.Joe，成长为美国对外战争中一名战斗勇士。
第一、二段介绍了一个普通人G.I.Joe的生活背景及在美国和其他国家战争中的英勇表现从而获得美国政府的奖励。
第三段指出G.I.Joe为代表的普通士兵们对和平和安定的平民生活的渴望。
试题解析Millions of Americans and foreigners see G.I.Joe as a mindless war toy，the symbol of American military adventurism,but that's not how it used to be.To the men and women who__1__in World War II and the people they liberated,the G.I.was the__2__man grown into hero，the poor farm kid torn away from his home，the guywho__3__all the burdens of battle，who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the__4__of food and shelter，who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder.This was not a volunteer soldier,not someone well paid，__5__an average guy，up__6__the best trained，best equipped，fiercest，most brutal enemies seen in centuries.【译文】数以百万计的美国人和外国人将G.I.Joe视为毫无头脑的战争玩偶，看作美国军事冒险主义的象征，但在过去事实并非如此。
江苏科技大学2007年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题(细胞生物学)
江苏科技大学2007年硕士研究生入学考试试卷A考试科目名称细胞生物学考生注意：以下所有试题请答在另附的答题纸上，答在本试卷上无效！一、名词解释（每题4分，共40分）1、微管组织中心2、信号肽3、第二信使4、核仁组织区5、MPF6、细胞程序性死亡7、细胞外基质8、线粒体基粒9、核小体10、自嗜溶酶体二、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1、以下谁没有参与细胞学说的提出？（）A. 斯莱登M. J. SchleidenB. 斯旺T. SchhwannC. 普金叶J. E. PukinyeD. 维尔肖R. Virchow2、研究DNA在细胞中的代谢，常用的同位素标记物有（）A. 14C-戊糖B. 32P-磷酸C. 15N-鸟嘌呤D. 3H-胸腺嘧啶3、下列不属于非膜性结构的是（）A. 中心粒B. 染色体C. 微体D. 核糖体E. 核仁4、下列哪种证据支持原始生命的形成无需DNA和酶的存在？（）A. RNA可编码遗传信息，并有催化剂作用B. DNA和酶仅存在于高度进化的细胞中C. 高等生物细胞缺乏RNAD. 所有上述原因5、糖蛋白是一种十分重要的复合糖类，（）A. 它是由氨基酸和糖组成B. 参与细胞基因调控C. 参与细胞识别作用D. 只存在于细胞质中6、关于V-型H+质子泵的特性，下面哪一项是正确的？（）A. 存在于线粒体和内膜系统的膜上B. 工作时，没有磷酸化和去磷酸化过程C. 运输时，是由高浓度向低浓度进行D. 存在与线粒体膜和叶绿体的内囊体的膜上7、在下列四种斑形成连接中，只有（）的连接结构涉及中间植物和整合素。
A. 粘合带B. 粘合斑C. 桥粒D.半桥粒8、蛋白激酶A（Protein Kinase A，PKA）由两个催化亚基和两个调节亚基组成，cAMP能够与酶的哪一部分结合？（）A. 催化亚基B. 调节亚基9、在神经细胞的突触间接受信号的受体是（）A. 生长因子受体B. 配体门离子通道C. G蛋白偶联受体D. 细胞核受体E. 以上皆是10、关于真核生物大亚基三种核糖体RNA基因在染色体上排列秩序正确的一组是（）A.18S-5S-28SB. 16S-5.8S-23SC.28S-18S-5.8SD. 18S-5.8S-28S11、下面哪一种情况不是氧化磷酸化的特点？（）A. 将磷酸直接从底物转给AADPB.线粒体内膜两侧建立了电化学梯度C. 具有膜结合的A TP合成酶D. 具有质子驱动的力12、用电子显微镜观察不到微粒体，其原因是（）A. 微粒体太小，无法用电子显微镜观察B. 它们是匀浆和离心后的人造产物C. 电子能够完全穿透它们D. 只有通过显微镜摄影才能看到13、高尔基体能够将溶酶体的各类酶选择性的包装在一起，是因为这些蛋白质具有（）A. Ser-Lys-LeuB. KKXX序列C. M6P标志D. KDEL序列14、N-连接的糖基化中，糖链连接在哪一种氨基酸残基上？（）A. 天冬酰胺(asparagines)B. 天冬氨酸(asprrtic acid)C. 脯氨酸(proline)D. 羟脯氨酸(hydroxyproline)15、如果用干扰微管的药物（如秋水仙素）处理细胞，会发生什么样的影响？（）A. 细胞的形态发生极大改变B. 有丝分裂和减数分裂都不能发生C. 细胞器在细胞内的定位发生紊乱D. 上述情况都有可能16、甾类激素进入细胞的方式为（）A. 简单扩散B. 协助扩散C. 主动运输D. 膜泡运输17、核酸酶超敏感区是DNA上的一个区段，除了对DNaseI表现出高度敏感外，具有（）的特性。
2007—2012年历年考研英语作文题目及满分范文总结
2012年考研英语作文真题作文1一些外国留学生将要来你的大学，以学生会的名义给他们写一封email,1. 表示你的欢迎2. 为他们在这里的校园生活提供一些建议请写100个字左右，请不要在信的末尾写你的名字，用笔名代替，不要写地址。
范文Dear students,First of all, allow me, on behalf of the leaders of our school teachers and students are warmly welcome to come to you, welcome to our school and life.Campus life is different in different countries, in order to make your life more comfortable, the following I will describe some of the proposals in my school life.First of all, cannot call the teacher's name in China, because China is a ritual of ceremony, Chinese used to call the expression of respect for teachers.Secondly, I hope you cherish the time studying in China, take the initiative to increase opportunities for interaction with Chinese people, so that both can improve your Chinese language level, can understand Chinese culture.Finally, if you encounter difficulty in living and learning, to communicate with us in a timely manner.Wishes you to study abroad in China live in interesting times!亲爱的同学们,首先请允许我代表我校的各位领导老师及同学们对你们的到来表示热烈的欢迎，欢迎来到我校学习和生活。
632基础英语试题2012
河南科技大学2012年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：632 考试科目名称：基础英语（如无特殊注明，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，否则以“0”分计算）PART ONE READING COMPREHENSION (40 points)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Give your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneCity teachers have demanded a 14% across-the-board pay raise that would boost the top salary to nearly six-digit figures, the Daily News has learned.Under the proposed two-year pact, the starting salary would swell to $44,460 from $39,000, and the highest salary would fatten to $92,603 from $81,231.UFT bosses said the extra cash will narrow the gap between teachers in the city and wealthy suburbs earn.“To match Scarsdale and Great Neck, we need a $25,000 raise, and this is nowhere near that; but this will get us a far distance,” UFT President Randi Weingarten said. “Given the times, we had to figure out how to make strides toward competitive salaries.The big raise bid comes after teachers secured a 16% to 22% pay hike in 2002, far more than most city unions have managed.Weingarten dropped the salary bombshell to negotiators this summer. Her wage wish-list was revealed for 80,000 members in the union’s newspaper last week.There’s also a bone for the city.To attract badly needed math, science, special education and bilingual education teachers, the United Federation of Teachers suggested rewarding current teachers who secure licensing in those areas with more money.Teachers who work in hard-to-staff schools and those with “additional skills” would see a higher salary.Chancellor Joel Klein repeatedly has criticized the current contract for “lock-step pay”where physical education teachers and biology teachers earn the same salary.“We have never been for lock-step salaries,” said Weingarten.The Education Department, City Hall and Labor Commissioner James Hamley declined comment. “Negotiations should be done at the bargaining table,” said a spokesman for the mayor.Teachers have been without a contract since May 2003. The city pitched a bare-bones, eight-page pact in February, which brought contract talks to a screeching halt. The city has since scrapped the abbreviated deal and progress has begun in negotiations, union official said.Bloomberg has called for all municipal unions to accept the same basic terms-5% over three years with no first-year raise. The city’s largest public employee union, DC 37, agreed to that deal in April in exchange for working longer.But cops and firefighters are embroiled in a contract battle with the city. Both unions declared talks broken and are hoping an arbitrator will award them a more generous settlement.1. Under the proposed two-year pact, the expected starting salary would be .[A] $44,460 [B] $39,000 [C] $92,603 [D] $81,2312. What kind of teacher may not get a higher salary?[A] Teachers who work in hard-to-staff schools.[B] Teachers who work in schools which are for lock-step salaries.[C] Teachers who have additional skills.[D] Teachers who are in charge of bilingual education.3. This passage is most likely to come from .[A] a piece of news [B] a research by City Hall[C] a survey by UFT [D] a report by Education Department4. It can be inferred from the passage that teachers in cities .[A] earn much more than those in the suburbs[B] get much salaries than those in wealthy suburbs[C] are given more attention from UFT bosses[D] are among those least respected5. According to the passage, which of the following is true?[A] The union has the final say in determining teachers’ salaries.[B] Lock-step pay contract will be win-win policy to all parties.[C] City schools are in short of teachers of math and science.[D] The policemen feel satisfied with their salaries.Passage TwoExperienced observers on American campuses have begun to notice a new group of mothers and fathers emerging over the past two years. Informally they are being called “helicopter parents” because of the way they hover over their offspring well beyond the standard moment to say goodbye.Among high-profile institution nationally, few have taken as dramatic steps as has Northeastern University in Boston. Over the past five years, to enhance its image, Northeastern has gone against the grain and boldly recast itself, focusing on national prominence over bulk.In the mid-1980s, it registered over 30000 full time and part time undergraduates; last year, the university enrolled a more selectively chosen 18000 undergraduates. Along the way, however, many parents have had many questions about life on and off this prominent urban campus.Acutely aware of this, and of its growing responsibilities to its neighbors and the external community, Northeastern has strategically enhanced its parent orientation programs as a way to build friends and refine its new image.According to Caro Mercado, director of the Office of Parent Programs and Services, Northeastern pointedly focused its orientations for parents and students on the importance of being “good citizens and good neighbors”simultaneously. With orientation sessionsthat feature videotapes of campus neighbors talking about the school, with a much more deliberate system of alerting parents to the major events coming to the city over the course of the year, and with an official Parents Association that publishes its own newsletter and handbook, Northeastern tangibly makes the kinds of extra effort that parents have come to believe should be included in the cost of their family’s higher education.And yet as competing colleges and universities in every sector of the country now furiously launch new parents pages on their websites and publish their first parent newsletters, a new tension has emerged on those same campuses: Whose first year experience is it, anyway?The most enlightened universities recognize the need to establish a relationship with each student that respects privacy, encourages independence, and facilitates the transition to adulthood. Although it may not be immediately apparent, the expectation that these skills will be delivered is precisely what parents have purchased in their child’s choice of an undergraduate degree program. Blindly continuing the same patterns of involvement that worked when their child was in high school is not the answer.6. What is the purpose of helicopter parents going to colleges and universities?[A] They want to know the cost of higher education.[B] They want to know what their child’s school of choice is doing to earn their dollars.[C] They want to receive parent-orientation programs.[D] They want to check their children’s study in campus.7. What progress has Northeastern University made in recent years?[A] It has registered more students.[B] It has earned more money.[C] It has greatly enhanced its image.[D] It has become a high-profile institution.8. Which is NOT a part of parent-orientation programs set by Northeastern University?[A] Featuring videotapes of campus neighbors talking abut the school.[B] Founding a deliberate system of alerting parents to the major events coming to thecity.[C] Setting an official Parents Association that publishes its own newsletter andhandbook.[D] Advertising itself on public media in and out of the city.9. What skill is NOT delivered in an undergraduate degree program?[A] Respecting privacy.[B] Popularizing parent orientation programs.[C] Encouraging independence.[D] Facilitating the transition to adulthood.10. This passage mainly talks about_ _.[A] the definition of “helicopter parents”[B] the content of parent-orientation programs[C] the great progress that Northeastern University has made[D] none of the abovePassage ThreeWhy do adults believe that alcoholic awareness program teach young people not to over-drink? Recently, reading an article about the alcohol-induced deaths of two students from two different universities in Colorado, I came across a theme on teen drinking applicable to parents, school administration, and local government: They just don’t get it. To use a pun by New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman, who changes WMD to PMD (people of mass destruction), I call much of the adult generation PMNs-people of mass naivete. I say this because adults seem to believe that no child of theirs would touch alcohol before turning 21. Since that’s unrealistic, the issue should be: how can kids learn to drink responsibly? The answer: by practicing. Like figuring out how to throw a baseball, a person needs to learn by trial and error.Now, I am not proposing that under-age kids should have access to alcohol at all times, but they will never know when they have reached their limit without drinking alcohol first. Trust me, we know how terrible we feel when we have surpassed our limit.It has often been stressed to my generation that there should always be a designated driver who does not drink. But, realistically, when people go to a bar, are they not supposed to drink? My friend, a willing designated driver, was asked by a friend in the bar why he did not have a drink in his hand. He responded: “I am driving.” She then repeated her question while laughing. In other words, college students face intense pressure to drink when they are out socially, even though some manage to withstand it.The solution I propose is two-fold. First, to parents: if you have children in high school, understand that your kids will drink at parties. Despite the legal drinking age, they will find a way to obtain beer or liquor. While you are home during this holiday season, have a drink. Ensure they are safe, but also guarantee that they know what they are doing. Please introduce them to alcohol before they go off to college so that, on the first weekend, they don’t drink themselves into the ER. They do this not because they want to drink to get drunk, but because they do not know any better.Second, to lawmakers: How are teenagers supposed to learn drink responsibly when they cannot even drink legally with their parents at a restaurant? Having a drink with your parents at a restaurant is a much more adult experience than drinking with them at home. The truth of the matter is that almost all under-age drinking is done outside the home, in social circles. So lawmakers should make an exception and allow teenagers, who are one or two years under the drinking age and accompanied by their parents, to have a drink at a restaurant.Most of us live in an environment that is geared toward drinking and overdrinking, and adults must face this truth. If they do not wake up and see reality, their kids one morning might not wake up from a night of drinking.11. This passage can be best titled as .[A] How to Practice Drinking[B] Don’t Drink Beyond Your Limits[C] My Personal Opinion on Alcohol Drinking[D] Teaching Kids to Drink Responsibly12. Which of the following statements can NOT be inferred from this passage?[A] Lawmakers should permit teenagers to drink.[B] The lawful age for people to drink in America is 21.[C] The author has the experience of drinking beyond his limit.[D] Under-age kids are sometimes pressed to drink when they are out socially.13. The author’s attitude towards the phenomenon of teenagers’ drinking is that of .[A] favorable [B] undisclosed [C] impartial [D] realistic14. This passage is mainly written for _____ to read.[A] parents [B] lawmakers [C] both A and B [D] under-age kids15. The general tone of this passage is .[A] dogmatic [B] persuasive [C] impersonal [D] ironicPassage FourIn every major city in America, commuters are spending more and more time in their cars fighting traffic. The Texas Transportation Institute recently reported that the average commuter spends an extra 46 hours more than a full workweek each year caught in traffic.A major source of the congestion is freight trucks. One large truck takes up the space of almost four cars, and the average truck is becoming longer, with more use of double-and triple-trailers. Increases in truck volume, obviously, add to commuting problems, and according to the U.S. Department of Transportation, freight volume is expected to increase by two-thirds over the next 20 years.One proposed solution — building new roads – is expensive and politically contentious. But there’s another way: greater use of freight rail.One freight train can carry the cargo of 500 trucks, and one intermodal train can carry nearly 300 truck trailers. Trucking companies and railroads already are forming intermodal partnerships that combine the best of both kinds of transportation.In an urban area like New York, shifting 25% of freight from trucks to freight trains by the year 2025 would reduce drivers commuting time by 52.9 hours. In addition, such a shift would save $734 per household in annual congestion costs.Shifting freight from road to rail also helps the environment. Freight rail is more fuel-efficient per ton-mile than trucks. And it reduces drivers’fuel consumption by decreasing the time they spend idling in traffic. By 2025, commuters in New York could save 254 gallons of fuel with a 25% shift of freight from truck to rail.Air pollution levels also would improve with an increase in the use of freight rail. For instance, that same 25% shift to rail by 2025 would decrease air pollutants in New York by as much as 79500 tons.To carry out theses changes, the freight rail industry will need more capacity, but that depends on return on investments. Because railroads are not meeting their cost of capital, government policymakers may want to consider investment incentives to help meet the growing demand for freight rail. This would enable freight railroads to provide convenient, on-time, quality service to shippers and boost their share of freight transport.It is hard to imagine a less costly or more effective strategy for reducing traffic congestion.16. In the last 2nd paragraph, the basic problem with the freight rail industry is that .[A] it only has a very low capacity[B] the price of its service is too low[C] its service are not very convenient[D] it is not a profitable enough business17. According to the author’s advice, how should the problem with the freight rail industry be solved?[A] The government should offer some investment incentives.[B] The freight rail industry should increase its capacity[C] The freight rail industry should provide convenient, on-time, quality service.[D] None of the above-mentioned.18. According to the article, all of the following are true EXCEPT that .[A] air pollution levels would improve with an increase in the use of freight rail[B] the author’s suggestion is the least level costly or most effective strategy for reducingtraffic congestion[C] more capacity of the freight rail industry means more return on investments[D] investment incentives can help increase the capacity of the freight rail industry19. According to the article, in comparison with freight trucks, freight rail has all of thefollowing advantages except that .[A] it’s more fuel-efficient per ton-mile [B] it produces less air pollutants[C] it’s more convenient [D] it can help relieve road traffic congestion20. The tone of the passage seems to be .[A] persuasive [B] absolute [C] exaggerating [D] argumentative PART TWO GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (15 points)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question and give your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.21. The Tories were the forerunners of, which still bears this nickname today.[A] the Labour Party [B] the Conservative Party[C] the Liberal Party [D] the Social Democratic Party22. Of the five Great Lakes, is the only lake that lies entirely in the US.[A] Lake Erie [B] Lake Huron [C] Lake Michigan [D] Lake Superior23. The symbol for the Democratic Party in the United States is __.[A] the bull [B] the bear [C] the donkey [D] the elephant24. The largest city in New Zealand is_ _.[A] Auckland [B] Christchurch [C] Dunedin [D] Wellington25. __ ’s masterpiece Tom Jones provides a vivid and truthful panoramic view of the life of the English society in the 18th century.[A] Daniel Defoe [B] Jonathan Swift [C] Henry Fielding [D] Jane Austin26. In the three novels of Adam Bede, The Mill on the Floss and Silas Marner written by _ _, moral problems are discussed and psychological analysis of characters are emphasized.[A] Charlotte Bronte [B] Jane Austen [C] Charles Dickens [D] George Eliot27. At the end of the 1860s, the two representatives of American Realism were Mark Twain and _ _.[A] Stephen Crane [B] Ernest Hemingway[C] William Dean Howells [D] John Steinbeck28. Children can speak before they can read or write shows that _ _.[A] language is basically vocal [B] language is arbitrary[C] language is used for communication [D] language is productive29. What is the relationship between the words “color” and “red”?[A] Synonymy [B] Antonym [C] Polysemy [D] Hyponymy30. Which of the following does NOT belong to the methods of the addition of new words?[A] Clipped words [B] Back-formation[C] Functional shift [D] Meaning shift.PART THREE PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (10 points) Proofread the given passage and give your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.So why do I talk about the benefits of failure? Simplybecause failure meant a stripping away of the inessential.I stopped pretending to me that I was anything other (1)than what I was, and began to direct all my energy for (2)finishing the only work that mattered to me. Have I really (3) succeeded at anything else, I might never have found thedetermination to succeed in the one arena I believed I trulybelonged. I was set free, because my greatest fear had beenrealized, and I was still alive, and I yet had a daughter to (4)whom I adored, and I had an old typewriter and a big idea.And so rock bottom became the solid foundation which (5)I rebuild my life. You might never fail on the scale I did, butsome failure in life is inevitable. It is possible to live without (6)failing at something, unless you live so cautiously that youmight as well as not have lived at all–in which case, you fail by (7)default. Failure gave me an inner security that I had never attainedby passing examinations. Failure taught me things about myselfthat I could have learned any other way. I discovered that I had (8)a strong will and the more discipline than I had suspected; I also (9)found out that I had friends whose value was truly above the priceof rubies. The knowledge which you have emerged wiser and (10)stronger from setbacks means that you are, ever after, secure inyour ability to survive.PART FIVE TRANSLATION (40 points)A. C-E translation (20%)忽然发觉，在这个世界上，最珍贵的东西是免费的。
2012年江苏省普通高校专转本英语试卷真题大二大三
实用标准文档文案大全2012年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试试卷大学英语(非英语类专业)Part I Reading Comprehension (共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Different countries and different races have different manners. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off yourshoes. In European countries, even though shoes sometimes become very muddy, this is not done. A guest in a Chinese house sometimes does not finish a drink. He leaves a little, to show that he has had enough. In a Malay house, too, a guest always leaves a little food. In England, a guest always finishes a drink to show that he enjoys it.We should like to find out the customs of other races, so that they will not think us ill-mannered. But people all over the world agree that being well-mannered really means being kind and helping others, especially those older or weaker than ourselves. If you remember this, you will not go very far wrong.Here are some examples of the things that a well-mannered person does or does not do.He never laughs at people when they are in trouble. He is always kind either to people or to animals. When people are waiting for a bus, or in a post office, he lines up to wait his turn. In the bus, he gives his seat to an older person or a lady who is standing. If he accidentally bumps into （碰撞）someone, or gets in their way, he says “Excuse me” or “I'm sorry”.He says “Please” when making a request, and “Thank you” when he receives something. He stands up when speaking to a lady or an older person, and he does not sit down until the other person is seated. He does not talk too much about himself. When eating, he does not speak with his mouth full of food.1. According to the passage, a knowledge of the customs of other races ______.A. is very usefulB. is unnecessaryC. is unimportantD. does not mean much2. A person with good manners thinks of ______. A. the older before himselfB. himself before othersC. no one but himselfD. his personal interests实用标准文档文案大全3. Which of the following is NOT true? A well-mannered person usually ______. A. says “Please” when making a requestB. makes an apology for bumping into someone accidentallyC. sits where heis when speaking to a lady D. tries to help those who are in trouble4. If you want to be well-mannered, ______.A. you laugh at people when they are in troubleB. it's all right to speak with your mouth full of foodC. you should stop someone when he is talkingD. you should speak after someone else has finished talking5. As different countries have different manners, ______ A. it's unnecessary to learn their mannersB. we should try to find out the differences in the customsC. it should be wrong to go out of one's way to do anythingD. learning a little language would be helpedPassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.I entered St. Thomas's Hospital as a medical student at the age of 18 and spent five years there. I was an unsatisfactory student, for my heart was not in it.I had always wanted to be a writer, and in the evenings, after my tea, I wrote and read. Before long, I wrote a novel, called Liza of Lambeth, which I sent to a publisher and was accepted. It appeared during my last year at the hospital and had something of a success. I felt I could afford to give up medicine and make writing my profession; so, three days after I graduated from the school of medicine, I set out for Spain to write another book. Looking back now, and knowing the terrible difficulties of making a living by writing, I realize I was taking a fearful risk.The next ten years were very hard, and I earned an average of ￡100 a year. Then I had a bit of luck. The manager of the Court Theatre put on a play that failed. The next play he arranged to put on was not ready, and he was at his wit's end. He read a play of mine and, though he did not much like it, he thought it might justrun for the six weeks till the play he had in mind could be produced. It ran for fifteen months. Within a short while, I had four plays running in London at the same time. Nothing of the kind had ever happened before. I was the talk of the town.6. When the author was a medical student, he ______. A. had some trouble with his heart B. was a very good studentC. wanted to be a writer after graduationD. was satisfied with what he was doing at the time7. When the author wrote his first novel, ______.实用标准文档文案大全 A. he sent it to a publisher but it was not accepted B. he was still studying at the medical schoolC. he succeeded in publishing it though it was not a success.D. he had graduated from the medical school.8. The author gave up medicine because at that time ______. A. he thought he could make a living by writing B. he knew the success of the book was naturalC. he knew it was no risk to be a writerD. he was quite rich after the success of his book9. For the first ten years of his writing career after his graduation, the author earned an average of ￡100 a year, which was ______. A. a great sum B. a bit of luck C. a small sum D. a moderate success10. The manager of the Court Theatre agreed to put on the author's play because ______.A. he thought the author was a good playwrightB. he liked the author's plays very muchC. he failed to arrange a new play in timeD. he heard that the author had studied medicine beforePassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.In the last 500 years, nothing about people –-- not their clothes, ideas or languages --- has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.The potato is also from the New World. Around 1500, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it was soon widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine” of 1845-46, and thousands more were forced to emigrate to America. There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largestgrower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Columbia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered by a goatherd named Kaldi. He noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake” feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.实用标准文档文案大全11. According to the passage, ______ has changed the most in the last 500 years.A. foodB. chocolateC. potatoD. coffee12. “Some” in “Some still exist today” (Para.1) means ______.A. some cocoa treesB. some chocolate drinksC. some shopsD. some South American Indians13. Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine” because ______.A. they were so dependent on the potato that they refused to eat anything elseB. they were forced to emigrate to AmericaC. the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing the potatoD. the potato harvest was bad.14. Coffee originally came from ______. A. Brazil B. Columbia C. Ethiopia D. Arabia15. The Arabic legend is used to prove that ______. A. coffee was first discovered by KaldiB. coffee was first discovered by Kaldi's goatsC. coffee was first discovered in South American countriesD. coffee drinks were first made by ArabsPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Around the world more and more people are taking part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure ---- those who have climbed the highest mountains, explored unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across thegreatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who seek an immediate thrill from a risky activity which may only last a fewminutes or even seconds.I would consider bungee jumping to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perhaps a bridge, or a hot-air balloon) 200 metres above the ground with an elastic rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometres an hour till the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is estimated that 2 million people around the world have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities as risky as bungee jumping involve jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs. Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people's lives were constantly under threat. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured, and life was a continuous battle for survival. Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in a comparatively safe environment; they buy food in shops, and there are实用标准文档文案大全doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answer for some of these people is to seek danger in activities such as bungee jumping.16. The best title for the passage would be ______. A. Dangerous Sports: What and Why B. The Boredom of Modern LifeC. Bungee Jumping: Is It Really Dangerous?D. The Need for Excitement17. More and more people today ______.A. are trying activities such as bungee jumpingB. are climbing the highest mountainsC. are coming close to death in sportsD. are exploring unknown places18. In bungee jumping, you ______. A. jump as high as you canB. slide down a rope to the groundC. attach yourself to a rope and fall towards the groundD. fall towards the ground without a rope19. People probably take part in dangerous sports nowadays because ______. A. they have a lot of free timeB. they can go to hospital if they are injuredC. their lives lack excitementD. they no longer need to hunt for food20. The writer of the passage has a ______ attitude towards dangerous sports.A. positiveB. negativeC. neutralD. nervousPart II Vocabulary and Structure （共40小题，每小题1分，共40分）Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21. Wounded ______ he was, he refused to come back from the front. A. sinceB. forC. asD. although22. After the class meeting, she ______ us about her life in the United States.A. went on tellingB. went to tellC. went tellingD. went on to tell实用标准文档文案大全23. The owner and editor of the newspaper ______ the conference. A. were attending B. was to attend to C. is to attend D. are to attend24. It ______ John and Peter who helped me with my work the other day. A. wereB. isC. had beenD. was25. It's high time ______ him a severe lesson for being late.A. you giveB. you gaveC. you'll giveD. you should give26. ______, we decided to leave at once, as we didn't want to risk missing the last bus.A. Being pretty lateB. As it being pretty lateC. It being pretty lateD. It was being pretty late27. No announcement has been made concerning _____ on the next flight. A. who go B. who is going C. is who going D. who went28. The electric furnace _____ before it can be used. A. needs repairing B. should be in repair C. must repair D. has to be repairable29. We can't enter the room because its door ______.A. lockedB. locksC. is lockedD. is locking30. ______ Charles starts a job, he will do it ______ it is finished. A. Since, where B. Each time, once C. Once, till D. The moment, as31. Seldom ______ any mistakes during my past 10 years of working here. A. I did make B. did I make C. I would make D. I made32. ______ in the park, I came across my former English teacher. A. If wanderedB. If wanderingC. While wanderedD. While wandering33. I'm sorry ______ so long. I forgot to tell you in advance that I would havea meeting this afternoon. A. to keep you waited B. to keep you waiting实用标准文档文案大全 C. to have kept you waiting D. to have kept you waited34. I bitterly regret ______ him the sad story. A. having told B. to have toldC. to tellD. told35. The house that ______ in the floods must be rebuilt before winter comes.A. has been washed awayB. has to wash awayC. has them washed awayD. has washed them away36. “Do you think he will make a good president?”“He is just ______ Bill.”A. as qualified asB. more qualified likeC. the same qualified asD. much qualified than37. Although ______ alone at home, he didn't feel lonely.A. leavingB. leaveC. leavesD. left38. The crime was not discovered till 48 hours later, ______ gave the criminals plentyof time to get away. A. which B. that C. as D. what39. After 15 years abroad, his brother came back only ______ his hometown severely damaged in an earthquake. A. to be finding B. finding C. found D. to find 40. ______ the final exam, I would go shopping this afternoon. A. As for B. Because of C. But for D. Due to41. By the time you get home, we ______ in Qingdao for one week. A. will be staying B. will have stayed C. would have stayed D. have stayed42. If we ______ this speed, we will arrive there in about two days. A. keep up B. keep from C. keep out D. keep away43. They are shocked to find ______ water has been polluted. A. large quantities of B. a great number of C. a good deal of D. a plenty of实用标准文档文案大全44. This university is outstanding ______ its faculty and reference resources. A. in place of B. in terms of C. by means of D. by way of45. Liquids are like solids ______ they have a definite volume. A. on that B. for that C. with that D. in that46. Her sense of inferiority ______ her unfortunate family background. A. results from B. brings about C. results in D. stands for47. With more members signing up, our recreation club needs more ______. A. sporting equipment B. sports equipment C. sports equipments D. sport equipments 48. He is such a strong-willed person that there is nothing in the world that can ______ him. A. win B. defeat C. rescue D. attach49. She liked shopping but she was not in the ______ for it because she was a little exhausted. A. mood B. mind C. state D. spirit50. Go back to the factory on time, or you will be ______. A. hired B. rentedC. employedD. fired51. I would much ______ it if you could help me carry the luggage. A. appreciateB. applyC. admitD. achieve52. It has been two years since her brother was ______ with her parents. A. on contract B. in contact C. keep contact D. come into contact53. One must obtain ______ from the landowner to hunt in this forest. A.admiration B. requirement C. permission D. association54. The pill my mother gave me ______ my toothache. A. regained B. restrictedC. relievedD. released实用标准文档文案大全55. He is in ______ about the job he is going to lose. A. despair B. regretC. defeatD. risk56. The famous actress tried hard to answer any ______ questions about her unhappy marriage.A. embarrassedB. embarrassingC. emergentD. urgent57. The young man fought to save a drowning girl. He was ______ admiration. A. worthy of B. worthwhile C. worth of D. worth58. My father has many friends because he has a warm and ______ personality.A. outsideB. outlookC. outstandingD. outgoing59. I don't like that fellow. He always talks with ______ of self-importance.A. an appearanceB. a faceC. an airD. a color60. It was ______ of him to leave the classroom when the teacher criticized him.A. childlikeB. childishC. childhoodD. childlessPart III Cloze（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the context. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursing homes. They are left in the ___61___ of strangers for the rest of their lives. Their ___62___ children visit them only occasionally, but more often, they do not have any ___63___ visitors.The truth is that this idea is an ___64___ story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care ___65___ elderly people need. Samuel Prestoon, a sociologist, studied ___66___ the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the ___67___ American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. ___68___, because people today live longer after an illness than people did years ___69___, family members must provide long term care.More psychologists have found that all caregivers ___70___ a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that they are the best ___71___ for the job.实用标准文档文案大全In other words, they all felt that they ___72___ do the job better than anyone else. Social workers ___73___ caregivers to find out why they took___74___ the responsibility of caring for an elderly relative. Many caregivers believed they had a(n) ___75___ to help their relative. Some stated that helping others ___76___ them feel more useful. Others hope that by helping ___77___ now, they would deserve care when became old and ___78___. Caring for the elderlyand being taken care of can be a ___79___ satisfying experience for everyone who might be ___80___.61. A. hands B. arms C. bodies D. homes 62. A growing B. grown C. being grownD. having grown 63. A. constant B. lasting C. regular D. normal 64. A. imaginary B. imaginable C. imaginative D. imagery 65. A. that B. this C. what D. who 66.A. whenB. howC. whatD. where 67. A. common B. regular C. standard D. average68. A. Further B. However C. Moreover D. Whereas 69. A. before B. ago C. laterD. lately 70. A. share B. enjoy C. divide D. consent 71. A. person B. people C. character D. man 72. A. would B. will C. could D. can 73. A. questioned B. interviewed C. inquired D. informed 74. A. in B. up C. on D. off 75. A. admiration B. action C. necessity D. duty 76. A. caused B. enabled C. made D. got 77. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. anybody 78. A. elderly B. dependent C. dependable D. independent 79. A. similarly B. differently C. mutually D. certainly 80. A. involved B. excluded C. included D. consideredPart IV Translation(共35分)Section A (共5小题，每小题4分，共20分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part I.81. Before entering a house in some Asian countries, it is good manners to take off your shoes.82. We should like to find out the customs of other races, so that they will notthink us ill-mannered.83. He read a play of mine and, though he did not much like it, he thought it mightjust run for the six weeks till the play he had in mind could be produced 84. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Columbia and other South American countries. 85. Now, however, there are people who seek an immediate thrill from a risky activitywhich may only last a few minutes or even seconds.实用标准文档文案大全Section B (共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English. 86. 因为下大雪，足球比赛推迟到下周日举行。