Surveying of Tall Buildings over Theory Height within Obstacle Free Airspace
吉林省双辽市高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练(二)2
吉林双辽市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（二）【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
London's newest skyscraper (摩天大楼) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build.At a height of almost 310 metres，it is the tallest building in Europe.The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London.However，not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano.When he began designing the Shard for London，Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire(尖顶)．He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city.The sides of the building aren't regular.So the building has an unusual shape.It looks like a very thin，sharp piece of broken glass.And that is how the building got the name：the Shard.Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition.The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts(桅杆) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.The Shard has 87 floors.At the top，there is an observatory.At the moment the building is empty，but eventually there will be a fivestar hotel.There will also be top quality restaurants，apartments and offices.Before building work began，a lot of people didn't want the Shard though the plans were approved.Now they are still unhappy about the Shard.Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York，but not in London.They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape.But that is the only thing.There is no decoration，only flat surfaces.The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago.They also think the Shard is too big for London.It destroys the beauty of the city.Other critics don't like what the Shard seems to represent.They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal.Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel.But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London.So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.The Shard now dominates the London skyline.It is not certain，however，that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.1．London's newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of ________.A．its cost B．its sizeC．its shape D．its height2．When he designed the Shard，Piano wanted it to ________.A．change London's skylineB．inherit London's traditionC．imitate the Egyptian styleD．attract potential visitors3．The critics who refer to social division think the Shard ________.A．is only preferred by the richB．is intended for wealthy peopleC．is far away from the poor areaD．is popular only with Londoners4．Which would be the best title for the passage?A．The Shard：Cheers and ClapsB．The Shard：Work of a Great ArchitectC．The Shard：New Symbol of London?D．The Shard：A Change for the Better?答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
高中英语上外版 必修第二册 Unit 4 Sports 综合复习与测试 课后练习、课时练习
一、汉译英（整句）(翻译)1. 对于花园修复工程可能存在不同态度。
(restoration) （汉译英）2. 环境保护和相关宣传密切相关，不要认为环保意识是理所当然的。
(relate) （汉译英）3. 作为市区的居民，我们应该增强环保意识，而不是对此熟视无睹。
(rather than) （汉译英）二、完形填空文章大意：这是一篇说明文。
文章介绍了鄱阳湖是重要的湿地生态系统和最大的越冬候鸟栖息地，随着政府和人们环保意识的提高，鄱阳湖的生态环境一直在改善。
4. With a consulting room, an intensive care unit and a rehabilitation center, the Wucheng wildlife rescue center near Poyang Lake has become a place for sick and injured wintering birds to recover.”We have _________76 birds over the past two years. Peopl e send sick and injured birds to us whenever they find one,” said Shu Guolei, director of the rescue center in Yongxiu county, Jiangxi province. The rescue center is part of the Wucheng station, under the administration of the Poyang Lake Wetland Nature Reserve. With a surface area of over 3,200 square kilometers, Poyang Lake _________up to 700,000 wintering birds every year. The lake is an important wetland ecosystem and the largest _________for wintering migratory birds in Asia.Shu said meals are provided for the sick birds according to their species and_________habits. “For example, a corn and rice combo is given to ducks, geese and swans, and a fish and shrimp combo is for the oriental storks.” After a full _________, the birds are released into the wild, Shu added.Nearly 98 percent of the world’s white cranes, over 80 percent of the oriental storks and more than 70 percent of the white-naped cranes spend their _________at the lake before flying to warmer regions. To explore a more effective mechanism to protect the flocks of birds, Jiangxi province coordinates the work of the nature reserve, local public security bureaus and health departments. More and more local residents are also joining in efforts to rescue injured birds as their awareness of_________protection grows.Li Chunru, 75, has cared for injured birds for nearly four decades. _________a doctor at a hospital in Jiangxi’s Duchang county, Li founded a clinic for birds in 2013 that is capable of taking care of 200 at a time. The clinic is _________consulting rooms, an intensive care unit, inpatient wards, recovery rooms and outdoor sheds. Bird rescue centers across China also work together to ensure safe trips for migratory birds after their treatment and recovery.On Jan 2, migratory bird protection centers in Jiangxi and Tianjin released nine recovered birds in Duchang, including oriental storks, gray cranes, swans and geese. Seven of the birds had been brought from Tianjin for treatment. The birds were released in Poyang Lake so they could more easily __________their flock, said LiZhenzhuo, director of a wildlife conservation center in Tianjin.__________improving the habitat and beefing up rescue efforts, local governments in the province have also increased forage(饲料)supplies for the birds. Hu Wei, the Party secretary of Yugan county, Jiangxi, said since November nearly 3,000 white cranes had gathered in a paddy area covering 60 hectares to look for food. “Last summer, a major flood in the Yangtze River __________the natural food supply for the birds, so we urgently secured dozens of hectares of unharvested rice for the flocks,” he said.Liu Xinxi, an official with the Poyang Lake Wetland Park, said the birds are becoming less __________. “They used to only forage in the remote lake area, but now they can be seen in the fields and pools that are __________to people,” he said.Dai Nianhua, a researcher with the Institute of Bioresources at the Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, said the implementation of a 10-year fishing ban in Poyang Lake has better protected aquatic organisms and created __________conditions for birds to breed.“With people’s increasing awareness of environmental protection, the ecological environment of Poyang Lake has been improving,” Dai said.1.A．fed B．raised C．treated D．studied2.A．holds B．trades C．hosts D．sells3.A．clinic B．lake C．spot D．habitat4.A．living B．eating C．sleeping D．dating5.A．recovery B．treatment C．dinner D．rest6.A．summer B．winter C．the rest of their D．treatmentmonths months life period7.A．health B．business C．environmental D．humanity8.A．Previously B．Professionally C．Officially D．Personally9.A．filled with B．dotted with C．installed with D．fitted with10.A．collect B．rejoin C．lead D．seek11.A．As for B．At best C．In general D．Apart from12.A．nourished B．endangered C．distributed D．enhanced13.A．timid B．fierce C．tame D．bold14.A．accessible B．distant C．close D．available15.A．favourite B．favourable C．comfortable D．agreeable三、阅读选择(阅读理解)文章大意：这是一篇说明文。
外研版高中英语必修第二册Unit3 分层跟踪检测(一)含答案
Unit 3分层跟踪检测(一)Starting out&Understanding ideasA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句填空1.He bought a useful piece of (equip) for our classroom yesterday.2.Judging from his facial expression,he is content the result of the exam.3.A new building,(shape) like an L,is being built in our hometown.4.They fought bravely in (defend) of freedom and of the interests of the people.5.The study was carried out in a small town,so we can’t be sure that the results are truly (represent).6.If it is matter of life and death,we should spare no effort to solve it.7.(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason,you will regret it sooner or later.Ⅱ.选词填空1.Let me your telephone number in case I forget it.2.All the students are playing on the beach.3.On the way home,our car ,which made us very upset.4.The history of the old library in this town as far as 1875.5.Their mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen when a quarrel among the children.6.Some bowls pottery and wood.7.The evening a dramatic display of fireworks.8.Zhejiang the land of tea of our country.9. her ,she usually wears long skirts.10.You should remember it,and ,you should understand it correctly.Ⅲ.单句写作1.他在如此短的时间内写完作文,这使我们所有人都感到惊讶。
人教版(2019)高中英语必修第二册Unit 2 单元测试(2)
人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册Unit2单元测试（2）一、阅读理解(共3题；共20分)1．（6分）阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
More than two thirds of the world's polar bears will be wiped out by2050,according to a shocking new study.By then,scientists say,global warming will have melted42percent of the Arctic sea ice.By2100, only a very few of these important creatures will be left.The report has been produced by the US Geological Survey.The scientists have publicized their findings in the hope of influencing US Interior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne,who has been asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.Polar bears depend on floating sea ice as a platform for hunting seals,which are their main food. Without enough ice,polar bears would be forced to go onto the land,where they are killed by hunters,and would be unlikely to adapt to the life on the land in time.Experts say few little bears would survive and the stress could make many females unable to get pregnant.The team of American and Canadian scientists spent six months studying bears:on the ground,from spotter planes and in the lab,using computer models.Some team members fear the result is even worse for the bears than what their report says.They say the Arctic is warming faster than anywhere in the world and much faster than their computer had been forecasting,Satellite observations have showed that the ice has decreased to an all-time low.However,not everyone in the scientific community believes that global warming is happening on such an alarming scale.Another investigation has found that polar bears are still being hunted by wealthy "sportsmen"who want their skins and heads.At least ten international companies offer bear-hunting trips.（1）（2分）What do we know about Dirk Kempthorne according to the passage?A．He is an animal scientist.B．He is a protector of animals working for the US government.C．He was asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.D．He offered to put polar bears on the endangered species list.（2）（2分）Why will polar bears die out if there is not enough sea ice?A．Because polar bears can't catch enough food without sea ice.B．Because polar bears eat ice when they feel thirsty.C．Because polar bears will be easily found by hunters without ice.D．Because most female bears are used to giving birth under ice.（3）（2分）After a six-month study,some scientists fear that.A．there is something wrong with their computersB．polar bears will disappear even faster than they ever expectedC．their computer models are not as accurate as they expectedD．global warming will destroy everything in the Arctic2．（6分）阅读理解The British are known for their sense of humor.However,it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes.The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement.Understatement means saying less than you think or feel.For example,if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain,he might say,"It's a little damp(潮湿的)outside."Or,if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person,someone else might say,"She isn't exactly friendly."Understatement is often used in an unpleasant situation or to make another person look silly.Understatement plays an important part in British humor.Another key to understanding British humor is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others.They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to our everyday life when someone accidently falls over in the street.They also like to make jokes about people from different classes of society.They like to make jokes about their accents,the way they dress and the way they behave.What's more,the British love to watch comedies(喜剧)about people who do not know how to behave in society. The comedies series Mr.Bean is a good example of this kind of humor.Mr.Bean is the character created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in1990.Mr.Bean doesn't talk often,and instead he uses his body movement and facial expressions to make people laugh.Perhaps what makes Mr.Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do.Mr.Bean is popular in many countries around the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humor. Because of this,many people have become familiar with the British sense of humor.（1）（2分）Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes?A．The British often enlarge the fact.B．British jokes are connected with many different cultures.C．British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries.D．The British try to make out that something is less important than it is.（2）（2分）The author explains understatement by.A．describing a process B．making comparisonsC．following time order D．using examples（3）（2分）What can be the best title for the text?A．British Humor in Comedy B．Humor in Different Cultures C．Understanding British Humor D．Developing Your Sense of Humor3．（8分）阅读理解Where do the turtles go?Every summer,thousands of endangered green sea turtles climb onto beaches around the world. Each mother sea turtle produces100or more eggs in a hole,and covers the hole with sand before she swims away.Two months later,the eggs hatch,and the baby turtles climb out of the sand and swim into the ocean. They don't reappear until they have grown as large as dinner plates.Until now,no one knows where the baby turtles go or what they do."If we don't know where these little turtles are,we can't protect them,"says Kim Reich,who helps solve part of the mystery.Her teacher,Karen Bjorndal,has studied green sea turtles for more than30years.Every year, Bjorndal goes to the Bahamas Islands.Many young sea turtles come here to live and eat at the end of their childhood.These turtles are the only sea turtles that live as plant eaters.In fact,their name may be a result of what they eat.The turtles don't look green but they do have green fat.Scientists learned that the turtles eatgreen sea plants,which may turn their fat green.Between2002and2004,Bjorndal caught44green sea turtles in the Bahamas.After testing them, she found something to support the20-year-old idea:baby green sea turtles eat meat before they turn to a diet of plants.In fact,they eat animals that live in the open ocean.Scientists still need to find where exactly green sea turtles grow.We now know that baby green sea turtles are out in the open ocean,but the open ocean is a big place."It is really a problem,"says Bjorndal.The discovery may help us do a better job of protecting this sea animal.（1）（2分）What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?A．Baby turtles go to the ocean when they are three months old.B．Mother turtles leave the eggs alone after they produce them.C．No one knows when turtles appear on the beach.D．Mother turtles are as large as dinner plates.（2）（2分）Kim Reich does research on where baby turtles go because she wants to. A．help her teacher B．prove an ideaC．protect turtles D．become a scientist（3）（2分）What does Karen Bjorndal's research prove about green sea turtles?A．The young live in the Bahamas Islands.B．The young eat meat before turning to a diet of plants.C．They live in the open ocean for a lifelong time.D．They are the only sea turtles that live as plant eaters.（4）（2分）What does the underlined word"It"in the last paragraph refer to?A．Finding out where young turtles grow.B．Protecting this endangered sea animal.C．Changing young turtles'eating habits.D．Living in the open ocean.二、任务型阅读(共1题；共5分)4．（5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
期刊分区
APPL THERM ENG BIOENERG RES BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR BIOMASS BIOENERG BIORESOURCE TECHNOL COMBUST FLAME ENERG BUILDINGS ENERG CONVERS MANAGE ENERG FUEL FUEL FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL IEEE T ENERGY CONVER INT J GREENH GAS CON INT J HYDROGEN ENERG J POWER SOURCES P COMBUST INST RENEW SUST ENERG REV SOL ENERG MAT SOL C WIND ENERGY AAPG BULL CHEM ENG PROCESS ENERG POLICY ENERGY FUEL CELLS GCB BIOENERGY IET RENEW POWER GEN
J COMPOS CONSTR J COMPUT CIVIL ENG J CONSTR STEEL RES J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE J HYDRAUL RES J HYDRO-ENVIRON RES J HYDROINFORM J HYDROL ENG J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE J MAR SCI TECH-JAPAN J SHIP RES J STRUCT ENG-ASCE J WATER RES PL-ASCE J WATERW PORT C-ASCE J WIND ENG IND AEROD OCEAN ENG SMART STRUCT SYST STRUCT CONTROL HLTH STRUCT INFRASTRUCT E THIN WALL STRUCT TUNN UNDERGR SP TECH ACI STRUCT J ADV STEEL CONSTR ADV STRUCT ENG ARCH CIV MECH ENG BAUINGENIEUR-GERMANY
译林版高中英语必修第二册Unit4 Section C 分层跟踪检测含答案
Unit 4分层跟踪检测(三)Extended reading&Project&AssessmentA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.In one week he was the (confuse) owner of a cone five hundred feet high.2.Parents are making an attempt (protect) their kids by giving whatever they have.3.What you said at the meeting is (extreme) useful.4.The conversation was over a flash,but I suddenly felt quite different about Al Gore.5.They will do their best to preserve the historic buildings from (destroy).6.They married into the (noble) and entered the highest ranks of state administration.7.The road continues as (straighten) as an arrow.8.Jack (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred.9.Carrying adequate batteries,however,would make the plane too heavy (get) off the ground.10.With time (go) by,the woman gradually forgot that accident.Ⅱ.短语填空1.She was going to bed when there was a power failure.2.A burst of laughter made him and look round.3.He the phone and knocked over a glass.4.If he can just a little longer,help will arrive.5.She found a hole when she her stockings.6.I do not think he will ever the loss of his wife.7.My husband has lost so much weight that he has to wear a belt to histrousers .8.I don’t mind you using the kitchen as long as you afterwards.Ⅲ.单句写作1.他几乎无法抑制他的兴奋。
Unit14语言知识要点课件人教版九年级英语全册
考点精讲
相当于get over 考点3 overcome /əʊvə(r) 'kʌm/ v. 克服; 战胜
e. g. Success grows out of struggles to overcome difficulties. 成功来自克服困难的斗争。
Unit 14
Section A 1a-2d
考点精讲
①doing a school survey
考点1 survey /'sɜː(r) veɪ/ n. 调查 e. g. The government often makes social satisfaction surveys these days. 近日政府经常做社会满意度调查。 The police carried out a survey about the case at once. 警察立刻对案件进行了调查。
考点精讲
辨析: method 与way
method way
侧重做事方法的科学性和系统性。后常接of /for doing sth. , 意为“做某事的方法”。
指个人的做事方式、途径。way后面可以接 动词不定式或of 短语。
考点精讲
考题5：[山西] —Jenny, I can’t solve the problems by myself. What
考点精讲
⑧She encouraged me in English class.
考点9 encourage /ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励 考向 encourage 的常用搭配： (1) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事； (2) sb. be encouraged to do sth. 某人被鼓励做某事
20172018学年高中英语Unit2Theenvironment试题(含解析)牛津译林版必修5
Unit 2 The environment威尼斯颁布旅游新规：运河勿游泳，桥上不久留Respect Venice. You’re welcome here but you must play by the rules — or pay for it.尊重威尼斯。
若按规则行事，游客则会在威尼斯倍受欢迎；若非如此，游客也会为他们的行为付出相应的代价。
That’s the message from the Venetian authorities, who have unveiled a new campaign, aimed at tourists, to encourage them to behave appropriately in a city which is struggling to cope with the influx of visitors, and where locals are at boiling point over their home being used as a global playground.以上信息来自于威尼斯官方。
由于威尼斯当地政府对游客涌入的情况焦头烂额，且当地居民也因所居城市变为世界游乐园而不堪其扰，因此，威尼斯当局面向外来游客推出了一项新运动，鼓励游客在威尼斯举止得体，行为得当。
Paola Mar, the councillor responsible for tourism, announced that a campaign called ＂Enjoy Respect Venezia＂ will launch in time for the summer crush.负责旅游业的议员葆拉﹒马宣布，一项针对夏季旅游热潮发起的名为＂享受尊重威尼斯＂的运动即将展开。
The campaign will be spearheaded across social media, shown on the city council’s website, and provide reminders in the shape of posters around town and flyers at locations like the train station.该运动将率先通过社交媒体传播，出现在威尼斯市议会的网站上，之后以海报的形式张贴在城市各处或是以传单的形式在火车站等地传播。
四年级英语城市建筑单选题40题
四年级英语城市建筑单选题40题1.There is a very tall building with a spire on top. Which building is it?A.The Empire State BuildingB.The Eiffel TowerC.St. Paul's CathedralD.The Leaning Tower of Pisa答案：C。
圣保禄大教堂有尖顶，帝国大厦没有尖顶，埃菲尔铁塔不是这种描述，比萨斜塔也不符合这个特征。
2.This building is known for its slanting position. Which one is it?A.The Great WallB.The Taj MahalC.The Leaning Tower of PisaD.The Sydney Opera House答案：C。
比萨斜塔以倾斜著称，长城不是建筑，泰姬陵不倾斜，悉尼歌剧院也不倾斜。
3.A building with a large dome and many columns. Which building could it be?A.The White HouseB.The ParthenonC.The LouvreD.The Colosseum答案：B。
帕特农神庙有大圆顶和很多柱子，白宫、卢浮宫、罗马斗兽场都不符合这个特征。
4.This building is famous for its unique sail-like shape. Which one is it?A.The Burj KhalifaB.The Sydney Opera HouseC.The Statue of LibertyD.The Great Pyramid of Giza答案：B。
悉尼歌剧院以独特的帆船形状闻名，哈利法塔不是这种形状，自由女神像不是建筑，吉萨大金字塔也不是。
初三英语城市风貌描述语法单选题50题答案解析版
初三英语城市风貌描述语法单选题50题答案解析版1.The city has many tall _____.A.buildingB.buildingsC.buildD.builds答案：B。
“many”后接可数名词复数，“building”的复数形式是“buildings”。
A 选项是单数形式；C 选项“build”是动词；D 选项“builds”也是动词的第三人称单数形式。
2.There are several _____ on the street.A.busB.busesC.bussD.bussess答案：B。
“several”后接可数名词复数，“bus”的复数形式是“buses”。
A 选项是单数形式；C 选项拼写错误；D 选项拼写错误。
3.The city is famous for its old _____.A.churchsB.churchesC.churchD.churche答案：B。
“its”后可接可数名词复数，“church”的复数形式是“churches”。
A 选项拼写错误；C 选项是单数形式；D 选项拼写错误。
4.There are a lot of people and _____ in the park.A.carB.carsC.caresD.carrs答案：B。
“a lot of”后接可数名词复数，“car”的复数形式是“cars”。
A 选项是单数形式；C 选项“cares”是动词“care”的第三人称单数形式；D 选项拼写错误。
5.The city has beautiful _____ along the river.A.houseB.housesC.housD.housess答案：B。
“beautiful”后可接可数名词复数，“house”的复数形式是“houses”。
A 选项是单数形式；C 选项拼写错误；D 选项拼写错误。
6.There are different kinds of _____ in the city center.A.shopB.shopsC.shoppD.shopps答案：B。
人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册课后习题 Unit 4 分层跟踪检测(一)
UNIT4分层跟踪检测(一)ReadingandThinkingA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.I saw the vase in the window of an (古董的) shop.2.The tourists were greatly impressed by the beautiful sof the scenic spot.3.What will you create when you make the world (令人惊叹的)?4.The climbers made camp halfway up the (顶峰).5.At the meeting yesterday,his speech h the need for educational reform.6.He (打眼) into the wall of the new building.7.Try and a what the interviewers will ask.8.After getting up,I pulled back the c to let sunlight in.9.On his way home from school,he heard a clap of (雷声),and soon it began to rain.10.The soldiers temporarily closed the b between the two countries.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.The (please) journey made us excited.2.He died siass) heart attack.3.Idioms usually cannot be translated (literal) in another language.4.The audience held their (breathe) as the acrobat walked along the tightrope.5.He took the plane which was bound New York.6.Leave a basin of water outside in the (freeze) weather,and it will soon freeze.7.He was given the task of protecting her for the(during) of her recovery.Ⅲ.单句写作1.这意味着我们应该努力过上富裕的生活,而不是轻易放弃。
外研版九上英语 Module 1 Wonders of the world Unit 3
have/has been to
表示"去过某地，已经回来"，常与ever、just、never等副词连用，也可与once、twice、three times等表示次数的词或短语连用。
▶It can't be our teacher. He has gone to Beijing. 那不可能是我们的老师，他已经去北京了。▶I know how to get to the library. I have been there twice. 我知道怎么到图书馆。我去过那里两次了。
C
A. ask for B. asking for C. to ask for D. asked for
【解析】 句意：在许多国家，人们把手指竖着放在嘴边要求安静。此处用动词不定式短语作目的状语，故选C。
教材原句 It is a wonder also because of this question：...它之所以是一个奇观，也是由于这个问题：……（教材P9）
动词不定式（短语）作目的状语
讲 动词不定式（短语）作目的状语表示某一动作或状态的目的，既可以放在句首，也可以位于句末。
典例4 （扬州中考）In many countries, people put their fingers up to their mouths ___ silence.
one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……的……之一
辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区2022-2023学年七年级下学期期末英语试卷(含答案)
2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区七年级（下）期末英语试卷一一一一一一一一一一一一一一5一一1. I enjoy having ______ breakfast with my family at home. It makes me feel relaxed.A. aB. anC. theD. /2. —Tom，could you tell me your ？Then I can go to see you at any time.—No problem.You're welcome.（）A. addressB. hobbyC. careerD. height3. Mr.Black's talk show is very .It helps us know more about stars.（）A. harmfulB. boringC. excellentD. ordinary4. We leave right now，or we'll miss the train.（）A. canB. couldC. mayD. must5. Love from parents is like the wind --- you can't see it，_________ you can feel it.（）A. andB. orC. soD. but6. Computers need electricity to our homes and offices to the outside world.（）A. carryB. connectC. touchD. lead7. There is sugar in the fridge.Let's buy some.（）A. littleB. too muchC. too manyD. a lot of8. Sorry，you can't take the dictionary away，Betty.I it.（）A. have usedB. am usingC. usedD. use9. fine weather it is!The sun is shining brightly.（）A. What aB. How aC. HowD. What10. —I learnt that different groups of stars have different names，like the Great Bear.—Oh，_______.How did you learn it？（）A. thanksB. that's all rightC. sounds interestingD. sorry三、完形填空（10分）My mother was a housewife（家庭主妇）.She thought that excellent people spent a lot of time （1）______ .So she asked my brother and me to read two books every week and write book reports.She couldn't read the books at all，（2）______ she would check（检查）our reports patiently.When I went to school，I was an A-student，but not for long.I wanted only cool clothes and （3）______went out to play with friends after school.I went from being an A-student to a C-student，but I didn't （4）______ about that at all.One night，I told my mother that I wanted some new T-shirts.Then my mother gave me all her （5）______ .She said，"You must（6）______ buying all the things the family needed first，then you can use the money left to buy T-shirts."I was very （7）______ about that，but after I bought all the things we needed，there was no money left.Then I knew how （8）______ it was for my mother to look after the family.I went back to my studies and became an A-student again.At last，my dream （9）______ and I became a doctor.My story is really my mother's story——a woman with little education （教育）made a difference to my （10）______ .So I think there is no job more important than parenting.11. A. exercising B. reading C. drawing D. thinking12. A. so B. because C. when D. but13. A. never B. again C. often D. hardly14. A. worry B. talk C. bring D. learn15. A. luck B. money C. clothes D. energy16. A. finish B. keep C. enjoy D. miss17. A. tired B. bored C. sorry D. happy18. A. easy B. difficult C. easier D. interesting19. A. ran away B. came out C. came true D. rush out20. A. story B. show C. dream D. life四、阅读理解（30分）A21. What can people probably do in the train museum______A. Take photos.B. Run.C. Smoke.D. Get on the trains.22. What must people do before getting into the swimming pool？______A. Brush their teeth.B. Eat some food.C. Take some drinks.D. Take a shower.23. What must children wear in the play area？______A. Dresses.B. Glasses.C. Socks.D. Shoes.24. What can we know from the text？______A. Children can't go into the train museum.B. There are five rules of the swimming pool.C. People can't smoke in the children's play area.D. People can take some milk to the swimming pool.BWelcome to Shanghai!It is a beautiful and modern city in China.It is also one of the biggest cities in the world.There are many tall buildings，great bridges and busy streets in the city.It is easy to get lost if you are new here.You can read the map first and take the subway or the bus to the places you want to go.You can also walk or ride around the city.But taking the subway is the best way to visit Shanghai.Shanghai is a great city to have fun.It's 6：00 p.m.now.Look!Many people are walking quickly to the subway station or the bus stop，because it's the rush hour.Many people are crossing the Huangpu River by ferry （渡船）.Some of them are taking pictures of the beautiful city on the ferry.In Yunnan Road andHuaihai Road，many people are tasting all kinds of Chinese food.In the Shanghai Opera House，many people are watching the movie now.So you see，everyone can have a good time in Shanghai.25. What can you see in Shanghai according to the text？______①tall buildings ②busy streets ③small villages ④great bridgesA. ①②③B. ②③④C. ①③④D. ①②④26. Which is the best way to visit some places in Shanghai______A. To take the subway.B. To take the bus.C. To walk there.D. To ride a bike.27. Why does the author write the text？______A. To ask people to visit Shanghai.B. To show some bad things of Shanghai.C. To tell people about the history of Shanghai.D. To compare（比较）Shanghai with other cities.28. In which column of a magazine（杂志的栏目）can we read this text？______A. People &Pets.B. Travel &Life.C. Jobs &Dreams.D. Food& Life.CThe sun is shiningThe sky is blueThe birds are flyingAnd the breeze is so coolMother Nature is trying her bestTo give nothing but beautifulnessBut what do we doMake her a mess.Let's make her the bestBy polluting less and lessAnd preserve her green dressFor our kids and the rest29. How many verses does the poem have？______A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.30. Why does the author call the nature "Mother Nature"？______A. Because he thinks the nature is great.B. Because he dislikes the nature.C. Because he needs the nature's help.D. Because he makes the nature dirty.31. What does the author advise people to do？______A. To have fewer kids.B. To buy the nature a green dress.C. To make less pollution.D. To give nothing to the nature.32. Which is the best title of the poem______A. A great motherB. What a sunny dayC. Nature is beautifulD. Let's protect our natureDAs little Robert was taking a walk，suddenly he shouted，"Ho，ho!"However，he was surprised to hear the same words after his voice.Feeling playful，Robert said，"You must be a very silly person!""Silly person!"came back the words from somewhere on the hill.Robert got very angry.He said more bad and mocking（讥讽的）words，but the words all came back to him in the same angry tone（音调）.He decided to walk towards the hill to find out who was mocking him.However，when he got to the hill，he couldn't find anyone there.So he went back home and told his mother about the "bad boy".His mother explained to him that when he spoke loudly near a hill，the sound could make an echo （回音）.It was like throwing a ball against a wall and having it bounce back to you.The "bad boy"was just the echo of his own voice.His mother went on，"If you speak kindly，you will hear a kind reply."Robert couldn't wait to run back out and try.This time，he spoke in a sweet，gentle（温柔的）tone，and the voice came back as sweet and gentle.Robert smiled.33. Why did Robert get angry______A. Because he lost his voice after shouting.B. Because he thought he was a silly person.C. Because he heard someone mocking him.D. Because he couldn't find his way back home.34. How did Robert probably feel when he couldn't find the "bad boy"？______A. Interested.B. Unhappy.C. Glad.D. Bored.35. What is right order of the sentences according to the text？______①Robert spoke gently on the hill.②Robert knew the bad boy was his own voice.③Robert thought someone was mocking him.④Robert returned home.⑤Robert asked his mother for help.A. ①②③④⑤B. ⑤②①③④C. ③④⑤②①D. ③⑤④①②36. What lesson did Robert learn from his story______A. To speak kindly to others.B. To never walk near hills.C. To fight with the bad person.D. To never go on a walk alone.E37. 阅读下面短文，从短文后的五个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
高二年级英语环境保护措施单选题50题
高二年级英语环境保护措施单选题50题1. The recent news reported that the river in our city has become very dirty due to industrial waste. This is mainly a problem of _____.A. air pollutionB. water pollutionC. soil pollutionD. noise pollution答案：B。
解析：题干提到城市的河流因为工业废物变得很脏，这明显是水污染的问题。
A选项是空气污染，C选项是土壤污染，D 选项是噪音污染，均不符合题意。
本题考查了与环保相关的词汇，如“water pollution（水污染）”，以及对不同污染类型概念的理解。
2. There is a thick layer of smog over the city, which makes it hard to see clearly. This is caused by _____.A. water wasteB. air pollutionC. waste recyclingD. green energy答案：B。
解析：题干描述城市上空有浓雾，导致难以看清，这是空气污染的表现。
A选项是水资源浪费，C选项是废物回收，D选项是绿色能源，都与浓雾现象无关。
这里涉及“air pollution（空气污染）”这个词汇的运用，同时考查根据现象判断污染类型的能力。
3. Many fish in the lake died suddenly. Scientists found a large amountof chemical substances in the water. This is an example of _____.A. air pollution affecting waterB. water pollutionC. soil erosionD. global warming答案：B。
高考英语 精讲巧解分类攻克7
备战2014高考英语精讲巧解分类攻克7名词1．具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事，表示变化了的词义时，这一抽象名词可作为可数名词。
(1)difficulty 困难；a difficulty 一件难事(2)experience 经验；an experience 一次经历(3)failure 失败；a failure 一位失败者，一件失败的事(4)knowledge 知识；a good knowledge 对……精通/熟知(5)success 成功；a success 一位成功者，一件成功的事(6)surprise 惊奇；a surprise 一件令人吃惊的事(7)honour 荣誉；an honour 一位(件)带来荣誉的人或事Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
The party last night was a success.We sang and danced until it came to an end.昨晚的晚会很成功，我们唱啊跳啊直到晚会结束。
Losing the game was a difficult experience for her.对她来说，输掉比赛是一种痛苦的经历。
2．有些物质名词可个体化为可数名词Would you like some coffee？你想喝点咖啡吗？I would like a coffee and two beers.我想要一杯咖啡和两杯啤酒。
1.(2010·济宁检测)We all hold the belief that ________2012 London Olympic Games will be ________success.A．/；a B．the；/C．the；a D．a；a解析：第一空为特指，应用定冠词the；第二空success 为抽象名词具体化，“一个成功的人或事”，应用不定冠词a，类似的词还有failure，pleasure 等。
高考英语四平代词知识点基础测试题
高考英语四平代词知识点基础测试题一、选择题1．Located in the center of Melbourne， Australia， are two tall towers designed by building architect Phil Rowe， both of shaped like massive tree houses rather than skyscrapers. A．who B．themC．which D．whom2．The tallest girl over there is ________ who works very hard in our class .A．a girl B．the girl C．one D．the one3．With ________ mistakes, ________ is no wonder that the man got laid off only after working for several months.A．such many…there B．many such…it C．such many…it D．man y such…there 4．The movie is not quite as good as the play ____ was adapted from.A．that B．which C．it D．what5．I turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his lecture,but found_____.A．no one B．noneC．nothing D．anything6．The most important promises we must keep are ______ we make to ourselves.A．Ones B．those C．these D．them7．I would like to buy a flat in the suburb and sold ______ in downtown , because I want to live near my Mom’s.A．the one B．the other C．it D．another 8．People were dressed in elegant costumes, all of _____ suitable for a multicultural parade. A．which B．whom C．them D．who9．— How much salt did you put in the soup?10．It’s impossible for all the people to get jobs because ______of them is not fit for th em. A．every one B．allC．not all D．none11．As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.A．this B．it C．that D．one12．Is this hospital __________ you visited yesterday?A．who B．that C．where D．the one13．No matter how busy he is, Tom makes ______a rule to see his parents every week.A．this B．that C．it D．him14．The population of China is larger than ________ of the United States.A．this B．thatC．these D．those15．The river was once with fishes, but now we find as a result of pollution.A．alive, none B．lively, nothing C．live, none D．living, nothing 16．It is said that there are ten foreign students in our school. One is from America, _______ is from Australia and all ______ students are from England.A．another; the others B．one; another C．another; the other D．one; other’s 17．I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.A．that B．thisC．you D．it18．Is ________ true that the meeting will be held next week?A．that B．heC．this D．it19．In American the relation between parents and children is usually not so close as _______of the Chinese family.A．that B．it C．one D．the other 20．Not everybody agrees to the plan. Some support it, while I am one of ______opposed to it. A．who B．those whoC．which D．those21．It is not rare in_____ that people in ______ fifties are going to university for further education.A．90s ; the B．the 90s; / C．90s; their D．the 90s ; their 22．Waves of red light are about twice as long as of blue light.A．that B．these C．those D．it23．In the past, ____didn’t make much of a difference to your success____ you had a good family background.A．that; if B．it; whether C．that; whether D．it; if二、1324．Clothing made of man-made fibers has certain advantages over ________ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool or silk.A．the ones B．oneC．that D．what25．The water was two feet deep, making it difficult, if not impossible, the car out. A．getting B．gotC．to get D．get【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】【详解】考查过去分词独立主格结构。
第一中学高二英语下学期第一次月考试题(2021年整理)
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甘谷一中学2017——2018学年高二第二学期第一次月考英语试题第一卷（共70分）第一部分：阅读理解（40分)第一节：阅读下列短文，然后从题后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A____Nobody likes staying at home on a public holiday, especially when the weather is fine。
Last August we decided to spend the day in the countryside. The only difficulty was that millions of other people had exactly the same idea. We moved out of the city slowly behind a long line of cars. But at last we came to a quiet country road and after some time， stopped at a lonely farm. We had brought plenty of food with us and we got it out of the car。
高中英语62G单元测试必修2试题
Lesson2 Great Buildings测试一、单项选择：1. It’s quite ____me why such things have been allowed to happen.A. for B behind C. against D. beyond2. He suddenly saw Sue _____the room. He pushed his way _____the crowd of people of getting to her.A. across, acrossB. over, throughC. over, intoD. across, through3. The accident is reported to have occurred _____the first Sunday in February.A. at B on C. in D. to4. ---When do we need to pay the balance?--- ____ September 30.A. InB. ByC. DuringD. Within5. Sorry, madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s _____the visiting hours.A. duringB. atC. beyondD. before6. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism ______the wildlife in the area.A. in B on C. at D. with7. This is the factory _____my father worked ten years ago.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. for the which7. That is the reason _____I refused it.A. whyB. for thatC. becauseD. which8. Do you know the year _____Einstein died?A. whenB. at whichC. for whenD. in when9. --How about going for a walk?-- _____, but maybe it would be better to play cards.A. That’s a good suggestionB. Come onC. You’re welcomeD. Congratula tions10. —Have you moved into your new teaching building?---Not yet. It ________.A. was paintedB. is being paintedC. is paintingD. has been painted.11. The reason ____ she gave us for being late for school was ___ her bike broke down.A. why; becauseB. /; butC. that; whyD. why; which12. The argument ____ because they were talking about politics.A. brought aboutB. cared aboutC. came aboutD. set about13.—Have you moved into your new teaching building?-- Not yet. It ____.A. was paintedB. is being paintedC. is paintingD. has been painted14. Seventy-two percent of Chinese males ____ not want to marry a female ___ is “morecapable〞than they are.A. do; whoB. does; thatC. does; whoD. do; /15. The ___ of Chairman Mao is hung on the wall.A. drawB. pictureC. portraitD. photo二、完形填空：There’s a small cross by the side of Highway128, near the town o Boonville. If this crosscould talk, it would tell you this 16 story:Seven years ago my brother, Michael, was at a friend’s farm. They decided to go out for dinner. Joe arrived and 17 to drive—after just one 18.19, the four friends traveled the winding road. They didn’t know where it would end ---- 20 did. Suddenly, they turned 21 into the opposite lane(车道), running into an oncoming car.22 home we were watching E.T. on video in front of a warm fire. Then we went to bed. At 2:00 am a police officer 23 my mom with the shocking 24. Michael had been killed.In the morning, I 25 my mother and sister crying. I stood there 26. “What’s wrong?〞I asked, rubbing my 27 eyes.Mom took a deep breath. “Come here…〞Thus began a difficult 28 through grief, where all roads lead to nowhere. It 29 hurts to remember that day.The only thing tat helps is telling my story, 30 you will remember it 31 you want to get into a car with someone who has had a drink ---- even just one drink.Joe chose the road to 32. He was convicted of manslaughter(过失HY罪) and served time. However, the real punishment is 33 the consequences(后果) of his actions. He left us 34 and ache in our hearts that will never go away, a nightmare that will 35 him--- and us ---- or the rest of our lives. And a small cross by the side of Highway 128.16. A. interesting B. amusing C. sad D. happy17. A. offered B. refused C. agreed D. insisted18. A. drive B. dinner C. drink D. insisted19. A. Sadly B. Happily C. Surprisingly D. Luckily20. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody21. A. gently B. sharply C. quickly D. shortly22. A. After B. Back C. In D. Before23. A. supplied B. informed C. quickly D. shortly24. A. telephone B. notice C. news D. report25. A. found B. discovered C. wondered D. surprised26. A. sad B. excited C. puzzled D. surprising27. A. teary B. wide C. sleepy D. frightened28. A. travel B. trip C. tour D. journey29. A. also B. still C. however D. hardly30. A. suggesting B. warning C. hoping D. supposing31. A. until B. once C. if D. though32. A. nowhere B. somewhere C. anywhere D. everywhere33. A. living with B. going with C. getting on with D. getting away with34. A. with B. to C. into D. onto35. A. occur B. frighten C. disturb D. strike三、阅读理解：AThe passport photographs of the future could turn out to be more than just another pretty picture if a new computer technique developed by Israeli scientists catches on.Researchers at Ben-Gurion University, in Israel, have invented a way to hide information such as a fingerprint or signature in color images. They believe this could improve passport safetyor be used to produce product bar codes(条形码) or designs that cannot be seen.“The papers can be faxed, scanned(扫描) and reprinted without hidden data disappearing,〞New Scientist magazine said last week.Joseph Rosen and a team of scientists worked out the new instrument by creating a mathematical model.The model turns a fingerprint or signature into a series of numbers which are used to shape the dots that make up a color picture.“Each dot can be forced out of the usual place slightly without noticeably changing the final appearance of the image,〞the magazine said.Several images that can be hidden in a single picture are scanned into a computer which does the work.The hidden images or fingerprints cannot be shown until the picture is scanned again.The computer rebuilds the fingerprint by measuring the displacement of the dots in the picture.The magazine said that if he model is used for passport checkpoints the picture can be unscrambled(解码) to show the fingerprint or signature and checked against the person holding the passport.The researchers are now working on a handheld, and instrument which could make unscrambling the hidden information easier.36. The new passport photos will probably contain all EXCEPT _____.A. one’s pictureB. one’s fingerprintC. one’s signatureD. one’s blood type37. The writer probably got the information about the new passport photos from ___.A. Israeli scientistsB. a radio or TVC. a newspaperD. a magazine38. What is the best title for the passage?A. A New Computer Technique by Israeli ScientistsB. A New Way t Hide InformationC. The New Passport Photo: More Than Meets the EyeD. Safe Passport PhotosBTokyo: The world’s oldest man, retired Japanese silkworm breeder Yukichi Chuganji, died in his home at the age of 114, on Monday. Family members found him dead on his mattress. Born on March 23, 1889, Chuganji worked as a silkworm breeder and bank employee after leaving school. He also served as a community welfare(福利) officer. He had been in god health, talking daily with his family members.Washington: Every American dislikes people who talk on cell phones while driving, even those who do that kind of act. In the State of New Jersey, 84 percent of 968 cell phone owners said in recent telephone survey that they would support a state ban(禁令) on the use of cell phones while driving. However, 42 percent of cell phone owners also said they used the devices “very often〞or “sometimes〞while driving. Although most agree that the banning is good, only 38 percent believed such a ban would be easy to enforce(施行).New York: A woman in the US who was being attacked by a dog said she was saved from further harm when her 13-year-old daughter distracted the dog by screaming “You want a piece of me?〞and kicked it repeatedly in the head. Jane Howell said she and her daughter, Elizabeth,were taking a walk around the neighborhood on Saturday evening when they came across he big dog, unchained.39. The main idea of the second news is _____.A. most Americans don’t lik e cell phoneB. a ban on the use of cell phones has been madeC. few people use cell phones while drivingD. using cell phones while driving will be banned because most Americans don’t like it40. The woman in the US ____.A. was not harmed by the dogB. raised the dog, which attacked her laterC. was protected from being seriously hurt by her daughterD. had escaped when her daughter was kicking the dog41. From the news we can infer ____.A. Chuganji was living alone when he diedB. the woman’s 13-year-old daughter was very braveC. cell phones are not god devicesD. it’s easy to enforce the ban n the use of cell phones while drivingCIf you happen to find “On the Road〞at a gas station or “Who Moved M y Cheese?〞in your grocery store, it might not be and accident. You could be the unwitting beneficiary of a “bookcrosser〞---- a person who on purpose leaves books in public places hoping they’ll be found by strangers.The idea o leaving a book for someone else to find and enjoy is not new ---- some people have been leaving just-finished books in airports and on buses since the dawn of the hurry-up-and-wait. Creating a system for book-leavers to find out what happened to those books adds a new way to the practice. Bokcrossing , the website that encourages books to be “released into the wild〞, has more than 18,000 members since its start last year, and averages 112 new participants daily.Its members have scattered(分发) more than 42,000 novels, self-help books, memoirs, technical manuals and biographies in 45 countries, leaving them in public restrooms, movie theatres, coffee studios or anywhere that they can imagine. The result: a worldwide living library.Peri Doslu, a California yoga instructor, has dropped three--- one on top of a telephone booth, one on a rock wall at remote Mono Lake in the eastern Sierra Nevada, and another in one of the studios where she teaches.“I’m always looking for paces to pass on books,〞said Doslu. “To think my book’s going to go off and have this future, and I might even get to know a little bit about it down the road.〞42. If you are an unwitting beneficiary of a bookcrosser, that means_____.A. you get a book on how to avoid accidentsB. you know where to get a book for freeC. you get a book somewhere for free without knowing in advanceD. you get a card with which you can borrow books at a gas station or somewhere else43. Bookcrossers are the people who ____.A. have lots of booksB. have lots of moneyC. release books in public places on purposeD. like reading books very much44. A bookcrosser may not leave books in _____.A. toiletsB. a studioC. the fieldsD. his bed45. Which of the following about Doslu is true?A. She dropped her first book on top of a telephone booth.B. She had no idea who took her books awayC. She always left books to her studentsD. She is a book crosser traveling around the world四、短文改错：Don’t go sightseeing in any place whi ch the disease has discovered. Stay away from animals such as ducks, hens, cocks or geese, whichare less likely to get affected by the disease.If you want to buy it from the market, do remember to check that they are safe fromthe disease. What’s worse, make sure thatthe food such as chicken is well coked ona high temperature. Don’t forget to open the doors and windows regularly so as to keepthe air inside fresh and clean. To kept fit,take more exercises and have a good restevery day. Unless proper measures are taken 1._____2._____3._____4._____5._____6._____7._____8._____9._____as experts have suggested, bird flu can beprevented successfully.五、书面表达：请根据下问题是，写一篇英语日记4月20号，星期二。
必修二 Unit2 Discovering Useful Structure 练习(1)(解析版)
Unit 2 Wildlife ProtectionPeriod 3 Discovering Useful Structure现在进行时的被动语态Ⅰ. 单句语法填空1.Look! The baby________________ ( take) care of by her aunt.2. A new building ______________( build) outside our school now.3.The city__________________( attack) at the moment.4.Hi, I'm Alice. Look at this photo---a snowman________________(make) by me.5.At present a new home___________________( build ) for pandas.6.Is the bridge ________________( repair) now?7.To the teacher's anger, the silly questions are always ________________( ask) by thisstudent.8.Many interesting experiments__________________( carry) out these days.9.Since your bike_________________( repair), you can use mine.10.It is said that a plane_________________(fly) by Harry to France at eight next Sundaymorning.【答案】1.is being taken2.is being built3. is being attacked4.is being made5.is being built6.being repaired7. being asked8. are being carried9.is being repaired10. is being flown【解析】主要考察现在进行时态的被动语态，表示正在被…….Ⅱ. 将下列句子变成被动语态1. Scientists are studying the disease at present.【答案】The disease is being studied at present by scientists.2. They are playing some rock music.【答案】Some rock music is being played by them.3. A snake is swallowing a frog over there.【答案】A frog is being swallowed by a snake over there.4. Many chemical factories are polluting the drinking water.【答案】The drinking water is being polluted by many chemical factories.5. The researchers are studying the life of the panda at present.【答案】The life of the panda is being studied by researchers at present.6. The teacher is always praising Tom in public.【答案】Tom is always being praised in public by the teacher.7. The police are questioning the criminal now.【答案】The criminal is being questioned by the police now.8. The water in the lake is under pollution.【答案】The water in the lake is being polluted.9. They aren’t collecting money for the project these days.【答案】Money for the project isn’t being collected by them these days.10. People are not protecting some animals well enough.【答案】Some animals are not being protected by people well enough.【解析】主要考察现在进行时态的被动语态，表示正在被…….III. 用所给动词的正确形式填空Li Ming:---- Hi, Lin Tao, it’s several months since we 1. _______________ (meet) last time. You said you were tired of your work and you 2. ____________(find) a new job. What are you doingnow?Lin Tao:---- Oh, I’m 3. ______________(train) for the work in the supermarket these weeks. You know, a supermarket 4. _________________(build) in our town, and it 5. _______________(be) open in about two months. Where are you going now?Li Ming: ---6_______________ (go) to the center stadium, where the spring sports meeting 7. _________________________(hold).Lin Tao:----I hear that a car exhibition is also 8.________________ (hold) there. Why don’t you drive there? It’s a long way from here.Li Ming:----There is something wrong with my car and it 9________________ (repair) in a company. At present my new plan to lose weight 10._________________ (make), so I’d like to go there on foot.Lin Tao: ----I see. Then wish you a good day!Li Ming:---- Thank you! Bye!Lin Tao:---- Bye!【答案】1. met 2.would find 3.being trained 4. is being built 5. will be6. . am going7. is being held8. being held9. . is being repaired 10. is being made【解析】本题考查学生的综合语言运用能力。
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ARTICLESurveying of Tall Buildings over Theory Height within Obstacle Free AirspaceZeying Lan Xiangyun Zhou *Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510520, ChinaARTICLE INFOABSTRACTArticle historyReceived: 1 November 2018 Revised: 12 December 2018Accepted: 24 January 2019Published Online: 31 January 2019According to the National Airport standards, this article has looked over the height of 180000 buildings in the airfield control height region of Cencun Airport (about 123.6 sq. km) for the rst time. In the paper, based on the planning & approving data and ADS40 aerial survey data, GIS spatial analysis, ADS40 stereo-altimetry technology, field digital mea-surement and 2D/3D visualization are used synthetically to achieve the results above. Furthermore, the quantity and spatial distribution of over theoretical height buildings are clari ed, which is signi cant to review the air eld height management and to guide the regulatory plan of Tianhe Intellectualized Business District.Keywords:Census for air eld height control DEM isohypse model GIS spatial analysis ADS40 Stereo-altimetry*Corresponding Author:Xiangyun Zhou,No.161 Yinglong Road, Longdong Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510520, China;E-mail: 406410603@.1. IntroductionTianhe District, as a national central city core zone under construction, continues to extend its urban area to the north-east suburb area, with the strate -gy of “eastward development” implementation acting on. There arises with a result that the Cencun airport located in a remote situation earlier also gradually starts the prog-ress of urbanization, which makes the guarantee of air eld control height an important consideration when planning management. However, a phenomenon of partial over theoretical height buildings was caused by varieties of historical reasons, leading huge hidden danger to the ight safety.[1]Under such background, based on the National Airport Standards and the Scheme of the Air eld Clearance andControl height Region of Cencun Airport brought out by the Guangzhou Military Region Air Force in 2001 , this paper has looked over the height of 180 000 buildings in the airfield clearance control region of Cencun Airport for the rst time. With the full advantage of the planning and approving data, and ADS40 aerial survey data exist-ed, using GIS spatial analysis, ADS40 stereo-altimetry technology as well, eld digital measurement and 2D/3D visualization systematically and comprehensively, the results mentioned above are synthetically achieved un-der the combination of internal and external business. Furthermore, the quantities, space distribution, breaking rules and its historical reasons of over theoretical height buildings are all clari ed. On one hand, the discuss results can enhance the dynamic monitoring system of over the-oretical height buildings, and rethink profoundly on theplanning management, in order to positively gure out the danger hidden in the ight safety;[2] On the other hand, the fundamental data is provided for Tianhe Intellectualized Business District as a regulatory plan.2. Study Area and DataIn this paper, air eld clearance control region of Cencun in Tianhe District of Guangzhou (about 123.6 sq. km) is selected as the study area. The Scheme of the Air eld Control height of Cencun Airport was put forward in accordance with National Airport Standards by Guang -zhou Military Region Air Forces, which control height region consists of the takeoff and landing strip, terminal clearance zone, side clearance zone, llet surface, inside horizontal plane,[3] conical surface and so on, shown as theFigure 1 and Figure 2.Figure 1.Location of the study areaFigure2. 3D map of the study areaJudging by this scheme, the clearance control region of Cencun Airport, 30 kilometers long and 13 kilometers wide, has an area of 390 square kilometers. In terms of Tianhe District, over 90% region has been included into this control area, which covers 123.6 square kilometers approximately and involves about 180 000 buildings, other than a small area in the north, the Fenghuang Mountain.[4]Here, buildings that exceed the “control tall” in thisair eld can be de ned as the following principles: it refer -rers to the ones apogee altitude (shift the ±00 sign of the building into Guangzhou elevation and plus the highest clear height which includes annexes like day surface, lad -der house, pool, decorating frame, lightning rod and so on, drawn on the construction blue print) consented and approved by the Logistics Department of Guangzhou Mil-itary Region Air Forces, within the air eld clearance con -trol management region of Cencun Airport, has exceeded the theory height stipulated by the Scheme of the Air eld Control height of Cencun Airport (according to the high-est limited elevation in theory stipulated by the Scheme of the Air eld Clearance Control of Cencun Airport from Guangzhou Military Region Air Force, calculated based on related mathematical models).[5]In addition, the fundamental data includes:1) Guang-zhou city, a new generation of height precision dynamic three-dimensional urban space in surveying and mapping constructed in 2005 (including the continuous operation reference system detailed application in city surveying with comprehensive services and the Precision Qua -si-geoids Determining Result of Guangzhou City); 2) “Three-Plan-Coordination” decision support platform in the Tianhe District and the planning and approved infor-mation database cut-off by the end of 2013; 3) the ADS40 aerial survey data of Guangzhou City in 2008, (covering the whole city about 7400 square kilometers with the re -solving power of 0.2 meters), the DEM data with a preci -sion of 5m*5m of the whole Guangzhou city in 2008 and an electronic topographic map scale 1:2000 in the best shape of reality of 2013.[6]3. Integrated Technology Scheme for the Cen-sus of Air eld Clearance Control RegionBased on the planning and approving data, ADS40 aerial survey data as well, varieties of technical methods and software platform are used synthetically with the com -bination of internal and external business to achieve the census above. Five steps were studied:[7](1) Firstly, obtaining the clearance control region of study area according to the National Airport Standards and the Scheme of the Air eld Clearance and Control height Region of Cencun Airport brought out by the Guangzhou Military Region Air Force in 2001;[8](2) Using the similar “isohypse” model to start the process of interpolation encryption on the fillet surface, conical surface, terminal clearance zone and side clear-ance zone in the control height region, and then generate the “control loop” to construct a computing model for the control height of buildings in theory;[9](3) Based on the “Three-Plan-Coordination” decision support platform in the Tianhe District with the GIS spatial analysis technology, this paper screens the suspected over theoretical height buildings from the planning and approv-ing data existed, in order to quickly narrow the searching region of “over theoretical height” buildings, ;[10](4) Regard the suspected over theoretical height build-ings screened out as a target organ, using the method of ADS40 stereo-altimetry technology and eld digital mea -surement synthetically, and, ultimately clarify the quan-tities and space distribution of “over theoretical height” buildings;(5) Analyze the research achievements and put forward reference suggestions to detailed control planning for Tianhe Intellectualized Business District.4. Surveying of “Over Theoretical Height” Buildings Based on GIS Spatial Analysis Technology and ADS40 Stereo-Altimetry Method4.1 Construct a Similar “Isohypse” Model for Theoretical Control Height Calculation of Build-ingsWith the thought of “isohypse”, aiming at simplifying the calculation process of the theoretical control height of buildings, in the paper, the distance between the index contour is designed as 100 meters, which is regarded as a unit, starting the process of interpolation encryption re-spectively in accordance with 1/10, 1/20, 1/50, 1/75 on the llet surface, conical surface, terminal clearance zone and side clearance zone, and then generate the “control loop” (see Figure 3). That is to say, the basic control height distances of these surfaces respectively are 10 meters, 5 meters, 2 meters, and 4/3 meters. Therefore, the calcula-tion of the control height of buildings is more likely to the interpolation calculation of the elevation points’ height based on the contour model.[11]Specific steps are as following: Firstly, obtain the basal graphs of the buildings; Register the building bases to the model for control height calculation according to the spatial coordinates; Obtained the angular point which is the closest to the inside horizontal plane from the building basal graphs; Regard the control height gained from the model for control height calculation at the angu-lar point through interpolation calculation, as the controlelevation of the building. As Figure 4 shown, the buildingis on the 1/20 of the conical surface, which can prove thatthe theory height of this building is 102 meters.[12]Figure 3.A theoretical calculation model for controlheight of buildingsFigure 4. Example of the control height calculation ofbuildings4.2 Obtain the Searching Region Based on GIS Planning Decision Support PlatformIn order to narrow the searching region of “over theoret -ical height” buildings, this paper screens the suspected over theoretical height buildings from the planning and approving data existed of the Tianhe District. Specific steps are as following:[13](1) Lead “the control red line of the Cencun Airport region” into the platform mentioned above, which is over -lay-analyzed with the “E-government map”, “the admin -istrative map of Tianhe District” in the platform database. Conduct the preliminary selection of related cases from the platform database, which own the “Construction Plan -ning Permit”, “acceptance certificate” and “letter” with approval information from adjusted planning permission, according to the query builders, such as the handling time, post types and whether located within the control height region.[14](2) The calculation of the height construction applica-tion: the planning elevation construction application of the building’s highest point can be gained through referring to the construction graphs and pluses the biggest elevationof the building and the ±00 elevation shown in the general layout plan.(3) Obtain the building basal graphs and check: nd the general layout plan from the construction graphs down-loaded, and by means of 1/1000, zoom out into a building basal graph with actual coordinates.(4) Based on the model for theory height calculation, achieve the results of obtaining suspected evidences and buildings, through getting the theory height from the building basal graphs and comparing the building eleva-tion planned and approved with the approvals from the air forces.[15]4.3 Surveying of the “Over Theoretical Height” Buildings with ADS40 Stereo-Altimetry Technolo-gyThis paper applies two ways to obtain the elevation in-formation of suspected over theoretical height buildings: to the cases approved by the end of 2008, one is the stereo-measurement, based on the ADS40 aerial survey achievements of 2008; to the ones approved after 2008, the other way is the eld digital measurement (GPS+ total station).4.3.1 Obtain the Height of Buildings through ADS40 Stereo-Altimetry MethodBased on the ADS40 stereo-altimetry technology, the gen-eral technological route to get the elevation information of buildings is:(1) Firstly, the disposal of ADS40 data includes ar-eophoto, photo field work control measurement, aerial triangulation, L1 level image generation and stereo-mod-els construction. And obtain the elevation information of buildings through stereo-altimetry technology with auto-matic stereo-image;(2) Then, the newest DEM data can be gained through semi-automatic DEM generation, correction of height anomaly, and the methods of updating DEM;(3) At last, the elevation of each building can be gained by overlaying the DEM data and the elevation information of buildings.Taking the resources of data and its accuracy require-ments into consideration synthetically, the main steps to obtain the heights of buildings by means of stereology are as following:(1) Using the PR0600 module in the Leica Photogram-metry Suite, add the 2D GIS house surface data which has already shifted into the utm84 coordinates into it and open corresponding air strips images before and after L1 level, conducted under stereo-environment.(2) The top of the building and the basal height are needed to measure respectively in order to get the height of building. In the area of low visibility on the ground, the one-to-many pattern is advisable. Namely, rst of all, a set of elevation points on the top of buildings are measured by the same building basal elevation point, and then, mea-sure the building basal elevation point.(3) Construct an automatic treatment process to elimi-nate the arti cial errors. What follow is the speci c meth-ods: Firstly, the dense homonymy points are over theo-retical through the algorithm of image matching and the parallax errors can be gured out, automatically building a database of homonymy points with parallax errors. In the single image, two points, one on the top of the build-ing and the other one at the bottom, are chosen as centers by the computer. And then a N*N template (N depends on the circumstances to select) is used for searching select-ed points in the database that are the closest to and more similar to the pixel and obtain its parallax error; In the end, volume calculate the heights of buildings by means of formulas. As for the buildings sheltered from houses or trees, which cannot be measured, a eld measurement as renewal surveying is needed.4.3.2 DEM Generation and UpdatingUnder the premise of L1 level image, homonymy points can be over theoretical automatically before, after and under the visual image, with the image matching technol-ogy. Then, on the basis of elements of exterior orientation on each scanning line, geographic coordinate values of this point can be calculated. In the end, start the process of interpolation to over theoretical the DEM grid eleva-tion. However, in the practical operating, with the surface features higher than the ground like houses, trees etc, the elevation of grid point is needed to be adjusted onto the ground, generating the DEM. The automatic over theo-retical for DTM can be achieved by Inpho MATCH-T, and then, DEM can be generated after editing the DTM data based on the LPS software platform, which speci c process refers to reference.[1] As for the region having changed recently, the newest large scale topographical map is required to update and distilled process the DEM data[1].5. Experimental AnalysisIn terms of Tianhe District, over 90% region has been included into this control area, which covers 123.6 square kilometers approximately and involves about 180 000 buildings, other than a small area in the north, the Feng-huang Mountain. 1109 planning cases yet to be investi-gated with control height requirements are screened out through the “Three-Plan-Coordination” decision supportplatform in the Tianhe District. 379 “over theoretical height” buildings are ultimately clarified and measured elevation practically. The accuracy of 337 buildings’ el -evation information, based on ADS40 stereo-altimetry technology, basically can reach 0.5 meters. 42 buildings’ elevations were measured by GPS and total station, which accuracy gets to ±15 centimeters. 2D/3D visualization technology is used to analyze the quantities distribution, space distribution, breaking rules and causes of “over the-oretical height” buildings.5.1 Quantities Distribution of the “Over Theoreti-cal Height” BuildingsWith the analysis of quantities (As shown in Figure 5 and 6), the “over theoretical height” buildings’ breakthrough proportion <10% covers the biggest part, almost 30%; breakthrough proportion <20% occupies about 50%; breakthrough proportion <60% takes up about 94%. As can be learned, almost half of the “over theoretical height” buildings’ breakthrough proportion account for small part(<20%), and the overwhelming majority of them is <60%.Figure 5. Statistics for proportion of the “over theoreticalheight” buildingsFigure 6. Statistics for Distribution of the “over theoreti-cal height” buildings Secondly, about 60% “over theoretical height” build -ings located within the theory height of 40 meters to 80 meters (including 80 meters inside horizontal plane), and approximately 30% situated within the theory height of 80 meters to 230 meters, while only about 10% lied within the theory height of 40 meters.In addition, as seen in the Figure 7, the building ele -vation construction of 13 cases (13.7%) and 36 buildings (9.5%) have exceeded the elevation document approval from the air forces, other than the historical causes. The rest building elevation construction of 82 cases (86.3%) and 343 buildings (90.5%) lie between the “air eld theoryheight” and “air forces approved height”.Figure. 7 Comparison for “theoretical height”,” air force approved height” and “actual height” of the tall buildings4.2 Spatial Distribution of the “Over Theoretical Height” BuildingsThe colored points shown in the Figure 8 are the situation of over theoretical height buildings. The over theoretical height scope of buildings gradually increasing varies from pale red to russetish, while the blue ones are the extremely over theoretical height buildings. Seeing from the space, the “over theoretical height” buildings mainly distributed over the Zhujiang New Town, Huijing New Town, Tangx -ia Town Village, the Tianhe Sports Center, the Tianhe Park and the neighbor buildings of Cencun (for example, the security housing and the commercial residential buildings of the Guangdan District in Guangyuan Road, the both sides of Guangshen Railway, the Non-ferrous Metals In -stitute in the Changxing Road District, the Baocui Garden residence community and so on), focusing on the south, south-west and south-east of the Tianhe District. Some historical reasons cause the Zhujiang New Town and Huijing New Town (the distribution of blue point group) become part of the main accumulation of “over theoretical height” buildings with higher over theoretical height ex -tent.Figure 8. 2D spatial distribution map of the “over theoret-ical height” buildingsFigure 9. Comparison for “regulatory planning height” and “theoretical control height” of buildings in the corearea of intellectualized city4.3 Suggestions for the Regional Regulatory Plan-ningAs Figure 9 suggested, the overwhelming majority region (over 70%) of the Tianhe Intellectualized Business Dis -trict lied on the 80-meter inside horizontal plane within the theory height, namely air eld theory height of 40~80 meters, which caused universally the low development in -tensity of lots located in the core zone of Intellectualized Business District, leading to low land leasing revenue.On the assumption that the average theory height of the whole region in the Intellectualized Business District is 80 meters, under the premise of good negotiation and un-derstanding with Guangzhou Military Region Air Force, combining the research achievements mentioned above, (a number of buildings around the Cencun Airport have broken the requirements for restriction of the Cencun Air-port, such as Huijing New Town, Shiji Lvzhou Garden, Huajing New Town etc, which breakthrough range liesbetween 30%-40%). Therefore, according to the 40% of allowed breakthrough theory height, the theory height is able to increase 80*40%=32 meters. As for the newest regulatory plan of Intellectualized Business District, the restriction of theory height has been taken into consider-ation. Calculating the weighted average measurement of the lots area, with the average control height of the build -ings being about 60 meters of the Intellectualized Busi-ness District core region, assuming that the average height of buildings increase 32 meters on average with the theory height, (still satisfying the restriction of theory height), then the proportion of the construction scale is able to increase approximately 32/60=53.3% in accordance with the hypothetical theory, namely the overall oorage reaching 20 million six hundred and fty-seven thousand square meters. The Tianhe District, being the motive force for the urban booming of Guangzhou City, advances itself further by land consolidation and economical use, greatly promoting the land output, economic and social effects synthetically.5. ConclusionThis paper has surveyed the “over theoretical height” buildings within the theory control height of Cencun Airport in Tianhe District systematically and comprehen-sively for the rst time, analyzing its quantities and space distribution, breaking rules and causes, and predicting quantitatively for easing the airfield control height stan-dards or the in uence on the construction planning of the Intellectualized Business District might being caused by the removal of the airports. It is not only significant to analyze the airfield height control, the management of engineering construction as well, and positively figure out the hidden danger of flight safety, but also provide exact fundamental data for a regulatory plan of the Tianhe Intellectualized Business District. What follows are the conclusions:(1) In terms of the project implementation: this paper takes the full advantage of the planning and approving data, ADS40 aerial survey data as well, using multiple technology and software platforms, combining the of ce and eld work, making a progressive, focused and practi -cal technological route, and improving working ef ciency.(2) In terms of the creative technology: this paper builds up a easy yet ef cient computing model for build -ing theory height control; based on the “Three-Plan-Coor -dination” decision support platform in the Tianhe District, use the GIS spatial analysis technology, greatly zooming out the surveying building region; focus on and oper -ate the key technology such as ADS40 data processing,height measurement, DEM generation and update; use the algorithm of image matching to automatically construct a database of identical points with parallax error, greatly reducing arti cial interference, improving the automation; achieve the semi-automatic DEM generation and update based on the LPS software and ADS40 digital photogram-metry measurement data automation processing system. The conclusions mentioned above are significant to the process of the same type of projects.References[1] Suzhi Wu, Yang Liu. The construction of 3DCM forcellular telephone network planning based on ADS40 technology[J]. Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping, 2013, 3:67-69. (in Chinese)[2] Deren Li, Zhenfeng Shao, Xiaomin Yang. The the-ory and practice from the digital city to intellectual-ized city[J]. Geospatial information, 2011, V9(6):1-5.(in Chinese)[3] Chaokui Li, Shuannin Zhen, Yong Wang, ZhiqiangWang. Simulation of spatial distribution; visualiza-tion for electromagnetic power based on 3DCM[J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying, 2008, 11:54-58. (in Chinese)[4] Yong Wang, Chaokui Li. The Research on RadioPropagation Prediction Ray Tracing Parallel Com-putation of 3DCM[J]. Journal of Hunan University of Science & Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2008, V23(2):85-87. (in Chinese)[5] Guojin He, Gang Chen, Xiaoyun He, Wei Wang,Dingsheng Liu. 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