考研英语阅读理解外刊原文经济学人_2

Surging living costs force Britons to work past retirement age
生活成本飙升迫使英国人退休后继续工作
The share of older UK workers planning to carry on working in their retirement has nearly doubled in two years due to rising living costs and insufficient pension savings, according to a survey from Abrdn.
根据Abrdn的一项调查，由于生活成本上升和养老金储蓄不足，计划退休后继续工作的英国老年员工比例在两年内增加了近一倍。

The investment manager’s stark findings underscore the impact of soaring energy and food prices on household budgets, which is pressuring people’s finances as inflation hits a 30-year high.
这家投资管理公司的严峻调查结果凸显出能源和食品价格飙升对家庭预算的影响。

随着通胀触及30年高点，家庭预算正给人们的财务状况带来压力。

Surveying people planning to retire in 2022, Abrdn found that 66 per cent respondents proposed to continue with some form of employment beyond retiring, up from just over 50 per cent in a similar study last year and just 34 per cent in 2020.
Abrdn对计划2022年退休的人进行了调查，发现66%的受访者打算在退休后继续从事某种形式的工作，而在去年的一项类似研究中，这一比例略高于50%，而在2020年，这一比例仅为34%。

The study, carried out at the end of 2021, before the Ukraine war delivered a further blow to energy and food supplies, comes in the same week as Andrew Bailey, the governor of the Bank of England, warned Britons of a “historic shock” to their incomes as a result of spiralling inflation and rising energy prices.
这项研究于2021年底进行，当时还未爆发进一步冲击能源和粮食供应的乌克兰战争。

研究发布的同一周，英国央行(BoE)行长安德鲁•贝利(Andrew Bailey)警告称，由于螺旋式上升的通胀和能源价格上涨，英国人的收入将遭到“历史性冲
击”。

Insufficient funds was cited in the Abrdn report as the main driver for the decision to keep working in later years. “Only a quarter of this year’s retirees feel very confident they have saved enough to fund their retirement,” the report said. In last year’s survey nearly a third of respondents felt they had saved enough to retire.
Abrdn的报告指出，资金不足是人们决定退休后继续工作的主要原因。

报告称：“今年，只有四分之一的退休人员对自己的储蓄足以支付退休金非常有信心。

”在去年的调查中，近三分之一的受访者认为他们已经存够了退休金。

The sharp increase in costs has hit confidence as investors expect the squeeze to last. Abrdn estimates that retired adults need an additional £1,561 more annually than their state pensions to maintain a minimum standard of living. “The rising cost of living is a key factor in this drop in confidence,” the study said.
成本的急剧上升打击了信心，因为投资者预计紧缩将持续下去。

Abrdn估计，退休的成年人每年需要比他们的国家养老金多1561英镑，才能维持最低生活标准。

该研究称：“生活成本的上升是信心下降的关键因素。

”
The pandemic and inflation are already forcing pensioners to change their minds. The survey found that as well as the 51 per cent of people in last year’s poll who intended to keep working, a further fifth have changed their plans and returned to part-time work. “While work wasn’t originally part of the plan for many of the Class of 2021, plans have changed for some since retiring,” the report said.
疫情和通胀已经迫使退休人员改变主意。

该调查发现，除了去年调查中51%的人打算继续工作之外，还有五分之一的人改变了计划，重返兼职工作。

报告称：“虽然工作最初并不是2021年退休人员的计划的一部分，但有些人退休后的计划已经改变。

”
The impact of spiralling prices on pensions was highlighted in a separate study from Interactive Investor, a savings platform, which found that those relying only on
their state pensions could face an annual shortfall of £1,000 due to energy prices mounting.
储蓄平台Interactive Investor的另一项研究强调了螺旋式上涨的价格对养老金的影响。

该研究发现，由于能源价格不断上涨，那些只依赖国家养老金的人每年可能面临1000英镑的缺口。

The Pensions and Lifetime Savings Association calculated that a single individual needs at least £10,900 a year to achieve a minimum standard of living. The current state pension stands at £9,339, leaving a significant shortfall that needs to be filled with savings or privately funded pensions.
养老金和终生储蓄协会(The Pensions and Lifetime Savings Association)计算出，每个人每年至少需要10900英镑才能达到最低生活标准。

目前的国家养老金为9339英镑，留下了一个巨大的缺口，需要用储蓄或私人资助的养老金来填补。

“The average energy bill rise this year is expected to hit £693 — more than three times the increase in the basic state pension,” Interactive Investor’s study said.
Interactive Investor公司的研究称：“今年平均能源账单的增长预计将达到693英镑，是基本国家养老金增长的三倍多。

”
According to the latest Great British Retirement Survey from Interactive Investor, 70 per cent of renters in the UK think their pension savings will not even cover their housing costs.
根据Interactive Investor最新的“英国退休调查”(Great British Retirement Survey)，英国70%的租房者认为，他们的养老金储蓄甚至不足以支付住房成本。

“Gone are the days when everyone had a set date or a set age from which they’ll never work again,” said Colin Dyer, client director at Abrdn Financial Planning.
Abrdn Financial Planning的客户主管科林•戴尔(Colin Dyer)表示：“曾经，人们都有一个固定的日期或年龄，从那以后就不会再工作了。

这样的日子已经过去。

”。