高中英语-unit 3 Grammar零

2.作宾语
V-ing 形式既可作_动__词_的宾语, 也可作_介_词__的宾语。 ★ We would appreciate hearing from you．
我们会感激你的来信。 ★ The bird escaped _b_e_i_n_g_c_a_u_g__h_t __ (catch) .
★ I feel like _jo__in_i_n_g____ (join) the army.
【比较】
作定语，表将来， 表被动的动作。
The building to be built next year is our
school.
The building built last year is our school.
作定语，表过去、被动、 完成的动作。
• The building having been built last year is our school.
1. Ali said that she wouldn’t mind _________ alone at home.
A. left B. being left C. to be left D. leaving
2. She __________ the key. A. admitted taking B. admitted taking C. admitted having taken D. admitted to have taken
●用动名词的主动形式表被动意义的词有 _w__a_n_t_,_n_e_e_d__, _r_e_q_u_i_r_e_,_d_e_s_e_r_v_e_,_b_e__w__o_r_th__等___。
●在allow，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动名词 形式作宾语，若后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后 用动词不定式作宾补。 allow\ forbid\ permit\advise\forbid doing sth; allow\ forbid\ permit\advise\forbid sb to do sth；
3. I could see a whale being attacked by … 宾补
4. He was terrified of being abandoned by us. 宾语
5. I saw James being firmly held up in the
water…
宾补
6. The house being built will be our library.
admit, postpone, delay, put off, fancy 避免错过继续练
avoid, miss, keep, practise 否认完成停欣赏
deny, finish, quit, appreciate, enjoy 禁止想象才冒险
forbid, imagine, risk 不禁介意弃逃亡 can't help, mind, escape
2) The building being repaired is our dormitory.
Think and compare!
V-ing 的完成时和完成时的被动形式
1) Having finished his homework, Peter went out to go shopping.
2) Having been asked to stay , I couldn’t leave .
• The man is tired of _b_e_in_g__sh_o_u_t_e_d_a_t_by his boss. (shoug_b_l_a_m_e_d_ for failing the exam, the child started crying. (blame)
2) Who was the guest i_n_v_i_te_d_ (invite) to your party last night?
3) Are you going to attend the meeting _to__b_e_h__el_d__ (hold) next month?
5. 现在分词被动式作宾语补足语:
● I saw people coming and going in the street .
● I heard her __s_in_g_i_n_g____ (sing) a song in her room.
● You’ll find the topic b_e_i_n_g__d_is_c_u_s_s_e_d (discuss) everywhere now.
• Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother__t_a_k_e_n___(take) good care of at home these years.
6.作状语(可表示:条件,原因,时间,伴随,让步)
4.现在分词被动式作定语
1) The meeting __b_e_i_n_g_h_e_l_d_____ (hold) now is very important.
2) The building being built (build) is our library.
正在施工的大楼是我们的图书馆。
作后置定语，表被 动、进行的动作
作宾补done / being done
已经被… 正在被…
1. The audience is delighted to see the girl _b_e_in_g__a_w_a_r_d_e_d_ a prize now. (award)
2. The murder was brought in with his hands _t_ie_d_ (tie) behind his back.
①We don’t allow_s_m__o_k_i_n_g__(smoke) here. ②We don’t allow students__t_o__sm__o_k_e(smoke) here.
• The woman doesn’t like _b_e_in_g__k_ep_t_w__a_it_in_g_ by anyone. (keep waiting)
语动词所表示的动作同时发生)
(2). Having been told many times, she still
makes the same mistake.
(完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前)
Compare !
V-ing 一般时和一般时的被动形式;
1) He hurried home , looking behind from time to time.
V-ing 功能
1. 作主语 2. 作表语 3. 作宾语
4. 作宾语补足语 5. 作定语 6. 作状语
思考：V-ing的被动形式作什么成分?
1. Being laughed at in public is a terrible
experience.
主语
2. Being badly wounded, the whale soon died. 状语
I see a whale _b_e_i_n_g_t_ie_d_
(tie) by ropes from a
Japanese whaling ship.
作宾语补足 语
作宾补：表示动作__正__在__进__行__，常用在“感 官动词(see,notice,find, look at,__w_a_t_c_h____,__h_e_a_r_/ ____等）+宾语+宾补” 的结构中。 listen to
★ He was afraid of _b_e_i_n_g_a_b_a_n_d__oned (abandon) by us.
有些动词常接动名词doing作宾语，如： 考虑建议盼原谅
consider, suggest, advise, look forward to, forgive, pardon 承认推迟没得想
3He dialed the 110 when he saw an old woman _k_n_o_c_k_e_d (knock) down by a car.
comparison
• When I entered the office, I heard the question _b_e_i_n_g_a_r_g_u_e_d__(argue) by students.
惯或经验，或说明主语的内容.)
☆ Teaching is learning. 教学相长．
☆ My hobby is __m_a_k_i_n_g___ (make) model planes.
☆ Her pain is _b_e_i_n_g__a_b_a_n_d_o_n_ed (abandon) by him.
–ing形式各时态与语态的结构：
V-ing 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 not doing
not being done
完成式 not having done not having been
done (1).The man being interviewed on TV is my father. (一般时表示一个被动的动作正在进行或与谓
定语
1. V-ing用作主语(谓语动词用___数）
1）Being offered such a job was good luck． 被给予这样一份工作是好运气。
2）__B_e_in__g_k_i_ll_e_d____(kill) in traffic accidents is a common occurrence． 交通事故导致死亡是常有的事。
4. While we’re developing agriculture and
industry, we must prevent the earth _____.
A. from polluting
B. polluted
C. polluting
D. being polluted
3.作表语(往往表示一种概念，习
• having been done一般不作定语
总结: 作定语, being +done 表示正在进行的被动动作 done 表示一般过去或已经完成的被动动作 to be done 表示将要发生的被动动作。 having been done 不作定语
1)The wall _b_e_in_g__p_a_i_n_te_d__ (paint) at present looks more beautiful.
作宾语补足语
1）You’ll find the topic being discussed. everywhere. 你会发现到处在讨论这个话题。
2）As we entered the village, we saw new houses being built. 当我们进入村庄的时候，我们看见在建新房。
3) _H_a_v_i_n_g__b_e_en__t_o_ld__(tell) many times, he finally understood it.
作原因状语
___B_e_i_n_g_s_u_r_r_o_u_n_d_e_d (surround) by whaling boats, the whale has no place to go.
3.— Did you enjoy yourself last night? — It’s very nice of you. I appreciated _____
to the party. A. to be invited B. to have invited C. being invited D. having been invited
1) Being taken good care of, the trees are growing better and better. 因为受到很好的照顾，这些树长得越来越壮。
2) Having been shown around the library, we were taken to see the lab. 参观图书馆之后，我们被带着参观实验室了。