必修3：Unit4主语从句

据报道2020东京奥运会推迟了。
summary
一、主语从句在句子中扮演主语的角色；
二、要不出现在句首，要不放在句末。
三、3种用法：
1. 由 -wh 引导 （what; who; when; where; why; how; whether…)
2. 由 that 引导
3. 由 It 做形式主语
1）It is + 名词 + 从句 2）It is + 形容词 + 从句 3）It + 动词（vi/vt) + 从句 (区分系动词) 4）It + 被动 + 从句
4）It + 被动 + 从句
It is reported that… 据报道……，
It is said that… 据说………
对比 what 和 that 的用法
用 what 和 that 填空。
1）_____ Trump did in public astonished the others. 2）_____ Trump did something in public astonished
状语从句 他养了条狗子，因为他寂寞。
主语从句是干啥的？
作主语的
主语从句的位置有 2 种情况： 1）主语从句 + 谓
谓 主
What you say is always right.
你说的都对。
主语从句的位置有 2 种情况： 2）it 作形式主语：It + 谓 + 主语从句
形式主语 谓
It is important that we eat well.
形式主语
主语从句
2）It is obvious that we can not finish the task on time.
去掉 it is 和 that, 句子不完整
Practice: 从下列句子中找到主语从句
1）It doesn’t matter how you are dressed. 2）It was here that he fell off his bike. 3）It was for this reason that his uncle moved out of New
宾语从句 我想，它是不会回来的了。
▼ 宾语从句：作宾语的从句，放在动词或介词 后面；
介词
It depends on whether you let it go.
这取决于你是否放下。
宾语从句
▼ 状语从句：作状语的从句，给主句增加信息量。
主句
He keeps a dog because he feels lonely.
natural …
3）It + 不及物动词 + 从句
It seems that… 似乎是………
It happens that… 碰巧………
It occurs to sb. that… 某人想到………
It turns out that… 原来是……，结果是…….
It matters what / how / whether… ………要紧
常见结构
It seems (to be true) that… 似乎是………
It happens that… 碰巧………
It occurs to sb. that… 某人想到………
It turns out that… 原来是……，结果是…….
It matters what / how / whether… ………要紧
大学什么时候开学是我最关心的事。
▼ whether
主语
Whether colleges and universities reopen or not is none of your business.
开不开学关你P事。
三大用法 2）that
“that + 完整句子” 当成整个主语
主语
That the death toll due to coronavirus in Italy is so high
他居然是如此厚颜无耻之人，太遗憾了！
2）It is + 形容词 + 从句
important strange
常见形容词 necessary surprising
natural …
如果表达带情绪，用 “should + 动词原形”
2）It is + 形容词 + 从句
主语
It is necessary that we should protect ourselves from the sun damage.
3）It + 不及物动词 + 从句
形式 不及物 主语 动词
主语
It seems to be true that we are the same age.
我们是同龄人这件事情好像是真的。
无意义 系动词
It seems that we are the same age.
似乎，我们是同龄人。 表语从句
强调句
For this reason, his uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
2）It was here that he fell off his bike.
强调句
He fell off his bike here.
3）It was for this reason that his uncle moved out of New
York and settled down in a small village.
1）It is + 名词 + 从句
It is a fact that… 事实上,…..
It is a pity / shame that… …..真是可惜。
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
2）It is + 形容词 + 从句
important strange
necessary surprising
the others. 注：astonish vt. 使吃惊
对比 what 和 that 的用法
主语
1）W__h_a_t_ Trump did in public astonished the others.
句子不完整：川普做了啥？
主语
2）_T_h_a_t_ Trump did something in public astonished the others.
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the
stars
Grammar 主语从句
Crystal
名词性从句 noun clause
主语从句 subject clause
宾语从句 object clause
表语从句 predicative clause
同位语从句 appositive clause
3）It + 不及物动词 + 从句
不及物动词
主语
It turns out that giant pandas don’t like
eating bamboos.
大熊猫原来并不爱吃竹子。
turn out “结果是 / 原来如此”
判断依据？
把从句拿到句首，换掉 “it”，句子结构完整才可 断定是主语从句。
It is a pity / shame that… …..真是可惜。
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
▼ It is a fact that…
主语
It is a fact that the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo will be postponed for a year.
2020东京奥运会推迟一年，实锤了。
postpone / delay / put off / defer 推迟
▼ It is a common knowledge that…
主语
It is a common knowledge that we should reduce outdoor activities as much as possible.
尽量减少户外活动，这是常识。（疫情期间）
▼ It is a shame that….
如果讲话时带惊奇、惋惜、失望等情绪， It is a pity / shame that... 可用虚拟语气：
should + 动词原形，有“居然”的意思
主语
It is a shame that he should be such a shameless person.
…
▼ what
主语
What Trump said recently is racism.
特朗普最近所发表的言论是种族主义行为。
race n.种族 racial adj.种族的 racism n.种族主义
▼ when
主语
When colleges and universities will reopen is my biggest concern.
grab / snatch red envelopes 抢红包
三大用法 3）it 作形式主语
1）It is + 名词 + 从句 2）It is + 形容词 + 从句 3）It + 动词 + 从句 4）It + 被动 + 从句
1）It is + 名词 + 从句
常见句型
It is a fact that… 事实上,…..
4）It + 被动 + 从句
It is reported that… 据报道……，
It is said that… 据说………
常见结构
4）It + 被动 + 从句
主语
It was reported that the 2020 Olympic Game in Tokyo had been put off.
好好吃饭很重要。
主语从句 （真正的主语）
主语从句的位置有 2 种情况： 2）it 作形式主语：It + 谓 + 主语从句
主语
谓
That we eat well is important.
好好吃饭很重要。
三大用法 1）-wh 位于句首
what why
特殊疑问词
who
when
where
how
whether
2）It is obvious that we can not finish the task on time.
主语
谓语
1）It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.
去掉 it is和that, 句子照样成立——强调句，强调能力很重要
York and settled down in a small village. 4）It is a pity that our team should lose the game.
从下列句子中找到主语从句：
主语从句
1）It doesn’t matter how you are dressed.
surprises us all.
意大利的死亡率之高，我们都惊呆了。
death toll 死亡率 due to 由于
三大用法 2）that
“that + 完整句子” 当成整个主语
主语
That you didn’t grab / snatch a red envelope was a pity.
你一个红包都没抢到，可惜了。
本身是完整的
主语从句 VS 强调句 用形式主语 It 开头的句子 VS 强调句
共同：都有It is…that…的部分。（“马甲”） 区别：把强调句的 It is 和 that 丢掉，整个句子还是完整的
而主语从句的丢不得。 （强调可脱，主不脱）
判断：主语从句 / 强调句
1）It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.
竟然防晒忒有必要。
2）It is + 形容词 + 从句
主语
It is surprising that Germany should have seized 830,000 masks which belong to Italy.
震惊！德国居然扣押意大利83万只口罩。
3）语从句？ 主语从句：从句是主语
如何判断从句？
它在句子里面是什么成分，就是什么从句。
▼ 定语从句：作定语（adj.）的从句；
动词
He keeps a dog that eats a lot.
定语从句 他养了一条超能吃的狗子。
▼ 宾语从句：作宾语的从句，放在动词或介词 后面；
动词
I think that it will not come back.