【K12英语基础教育】oefl-pbt-exercise-17-grammar-guides-tests_67906

6. ______ two major art museums, the Frogg and the Sadler. ______ (A) Harvard University has ______ (B) At Harvard University ______ (C) Harvard University, with its ______ (D) There at Harvard University
4. ______ almost impossible to capture the beauty of the aurora borealis in photographs.
______ (A) Being ______ (B) It is ______ (C) There is ______ (D) Is 5. Usually, political cartoons ______ on the editorial page of a newspaper. ______ (A) appear ______ (B) whose appearance ______ (C) by appearing ______ (D) when they appearg
* There are many skycrapers in New York city.
* There was a good movie on television last night.
The expletive it is used in a number of different situations and patterns:
Subejct People
Verb need
ObjБайду номын сангаасct vitamins
The verb missing from an independent clause may be a single-word verb (need, was, took, had, walked) or a verb phrase consisting of one or more auxiliary verbs and a main verb (will need, has been, should take, would have had, had walked). The verbs may be active (need, take) or passive (was needed, is taken).
The expletive there shows that someone or something exists, usually at a particular time or place. These sentences generally follow the pattern there + verb to be + subject.
11. _____ by cosmics rays. ______ (A) The earth is constantly bombared ______ (B) Bombared constantly, the earth ______ (C) Bombarding the earth constantly ______ (D) The earth’s constant bombardment
_______ (A) for water treatment.
_______ (B) water treatment.
_______ (C) where water treatment.
_______ (D) in which water treatment.
2. Crop rotation ______ of preserving soil fertility. ______ (A) it is one method ______ (B) one method ______ (C) a method is one ______ (D) is one method
* The man took a vitamin pill, and he drank a glass of orange juice.
* Judy lives in northern California now, but she was raised in Ohio
A complex sentence consists of an independent clause (called the main clause) and a dependent (subordinate) clause. Subordinate clauses may be adverb clauses, noun clauses, or adjective clauses. In the sentence below, the independent clauses is italized.
It and there, along with the verb and other sentence elements, may be missing from the stem.
Exercise 17: Choose the one option –(A), (B), (C), or (D)- that correctly completes the sentences, and then mark the appropriate blank. 1. In the United States, _____ is generally the responsability of municipal governments.
3. _____ the dollar as its monetary unit in 1878. ______ (A) Canada adopted ______ (B) Adopted by Canada ______ (C) It was adopted by Canada ______ (D) The Canadian adoption of
Subject Verb Complement
She
is an architect.
C) Clauses with There and It.
Some clauses begin with the introductory words there and it rather than with the subject of the sentence. These introductory words are sometimes called expletives.
After the verb to be and certain other nonaction verbs, a subject complement is used rather than a direct object (subject complents are also known as predicate nominatives and predicate adjectives).
* It is important to be punctual for appointments.
(with the verb to be + adjective + infinitive)
* It was in 1959 that Alaska became a state.
(with the verb to be + adverbal + noun clause)
clauses. A simple sentence consist of one clase.
* People need vitamins. * The man took a vitamin pill. * Judy lives in northern California.
A compound sentence consists of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (such as and and but).
The Complete Guide To The TOEFL Guide PBT Edition
Structure Section 1
Lesson 17: Incomplete Independent Clauses
A) Clauses: All sentences consist of one or more
The missing subject and direct object may be a noun (people, vitamins, Tom), a noun phrase (some famous people, a vitamin pill) or a pronoun (he, she, it).
7. American actress and director Margaret Webster _____ for her production of Shakespearean plays
______ (A) who became famous ______ (B) famous as she became ______ (C) becoming famous ______ (D) became famous
8. ______ gas tanks connected to welding equipment, one full of oxygen and the other full of acetylene.
______ (A) It is two ______ (B) Of the two ______ (C) There are two ______ (D) Two 9. _____ is more interested in rhythm than in melody is apparent from his compositions. ______ (A) That Philip Glass ______ (B) Philip Glass, who ______ (C) Philip Glass ______ (D) Because Philip Glass
* The man took a vitamin pill because he had a cold.
(independent clause + adverb clause.)
B) Missing Subjects, Verbs, Objects, and Complements.
All clauses have a subject and a verb. Clauses with an action verb often take a direct object as well.
10. Compressed air ______ the power to drive pneumatic tools. ______ (A) by providing ______ (B) provides ______ (C) that provides ______ (D) the provision of
* It takes a long time to learn a language.
(with the verb to take + tiem phrase + infinitive)
* It was David who did most of the work.
(with the verb to be + noun + relative clause)
12. ______ primary colors are red, blue, and yellow. ______ (A) There are three ______ (B) The three ______ (C) Three of them ______ (D) That the three