高中英语插入语与高考试题以及练习

一、插入语与高考试题
插入语是一种独立成分,与句子的其它成分一般没有语法上的关系,大都是对一句话作一些附加说明或解释。

它通常由一个词、一个短语或一个句子构成,位置较为灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末,一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。

下面以高考题为例,谈谈插入语的用法。

一、形容词(短语)用作插入语
常见的形容词有strange(奇怪的),sure enough (果然),worse still (更糟糕的是),even better(更好的),strange to say(说也奇怪), needless to say(不用说), most important of all(最为重要的)等。

例如:
Sure enough, enemy planes came again the next day. 果然敌机第二天又来了。

Strange, he often forgot to turn off the lights. 真奇怪,他经常忘记关灯。

[原题再现]
Greenland, ________island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers.
A. it is the largest
B. that is the largest
C. is the largest
D. the largest
答案:D
二、副词(短语)用作插入语
常用作插入语的副词有indeed(确实), surely (无疑), however(然而), obviously(显然), frankly(坦率地说), naturally(自然), luckily / happily for sb.(算某人幸运), fortunately(幸好), strangely(奇怪), honestly(老实说), briefly (简单地说)等。

[原题再现]
Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ________, neither of them could swim.
A. In fact
B. Luckily
C. Unfortunately
D. Naturally
答案:C
三、介词短语用作插入语
常用作插入语的介词短语有in a few words / in sum / in short (简而言之),on the contrary(相反), in other words (换句话说), in a sense (在某种意义上), in general(一般说来), in my view (在我看来),in conclusion (总之), in summary(概括地说), in fact(事实上), at first (首先), in addition (此外), of course(当然),to my joy / delight / satisfaction. (使我欣慰/ 高兴/ 满意的是), for instance / example(例如),as a matter of fact (事实上) 等。

[原题再现]
①Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has ________IQ.
A. a high
B. a higher
C. the higher
D. the highest
②Your performance in the driving test didn't reach the required standard- ________, you failed.
A. in the end
B. after all
C. in other words
D. at the same time
③Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ________, of course , made the others envy him.
A. who
B. that
C. what
D. which
答案:①B ②C ③D
四、不定式短语用作插入语
to be frank (坦率地说),to tell (you )the truth (老实说),to be sure (无疑地), to sum up (概括地说)等。

例如:
That's a wonderful idea, to be sure!这个主意好极了,肯定的!
To sum up, success results from hard work.总之,成功来自于努力。

五、分句用作插入语
常用作插入语的分句有:I think(我认为),do you suggest / suppose (你建议/ 猜测),I hope (我希望),I'm afraid (恐怕),what's more (而且),what's worse (更糟糕的是),you see (你知道),I am sure(我可以肯定地说),I wonder(我不知道), that is (也就是说),it seems(看来是),as I see it(照我看来),what is important (重要的是),believe it or not (信不信由你)等。

[原题再现]
①As I know, there is ________ car in this neighborhood.
A. no such
B. no a
C. not such
D. no such a
②It is so nice to hear from her. ________, we last met more than thirty years ago.
A. What's more
B. That is to say
C. In other words
D. Believe it or not
③________ be sent to work there?
A. Who do you suggest
B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should
D. Do you suggest whom should
④-How do you ________ we go to Beijing for our holidays?
-I think we'd better fly there. It's much more comfortable.
A. insist
B. want
C. suppose
D. suggest
⑤She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book ________ 50 million.
A. have reached
B. has reached
C. are reaching
D. had reached
答案:①A ②D ③ A ④D ⑤A
六、有时说完一句话之后,再补充几个词或一句话,以作进一步解释说明,这也是一种插入语,前面常用破折号。

[原题再现]
①Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare-you must learn to ________.
A. support
B. care
C. spare
D. share
②If you want help-money or anything, let me know, ________ you?
A. don't
B. will
C. shall
D. do
答案:①D ②B
巩固练习:请选出最优答案。

1. It is always difficult being in a foreign country, ________if you don't speak the language. (NMET2000)
A. extremely
B. naturally
C. basically
D. especially
2. ________be sent to work there? (某某2002)
A. Who do you suggest
B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should
D. Do you suggest whom should
3. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea________, neither of them could swim.
A. in fact
B. luckily
C. unfortunately
D. naturally
4. Never waste anything, and________, never waste time.
A. after all
B. at all
C. in all
D. above all
5. His father came home at midnight, and ________, he was drunk.
A. as a result
B. that is to say
C. what's more
D. sooner or later
KEY: DACDC
二、插入语与高考试题
在题干中参加插入语是命题人增加试题灵活性、迷惑性，提高试题难度的常用方法。

题干中参加了插入语后，打破了句子结构原有的平衡，影响了考生的正常解题思路，甚至会把考生引入歧途。

解题的根本策略是：去掉插入语，还其真实面目。

下面结合近年的高考试题加以析解。

【考例1】E-mail，as well as telephones，_____ an important part in daily communication．〔1999年某某试题〕
A．is playing B．have played C．are playing D．play
【分析】此题最大的干扰是插入语as well as telephones，如果将插入语提出来不看，题干即变为：E-mail ____ an important part in daily communication．显然A项是正确答案。

但凡介词〔短语〕作插入语修饰主语时，均可去掉，它并不影响句子的表达。

又如：Alibrary with five thousand books _____ to the nation as a gift．〔MET1990〕A．is offered B．has offered C．are offered D．have offered 〔Key：A〕【考例2】John plays football ____ ，if not better than，David．〔NMET1994〕A．as well B．as well as C．so well D．so well as
【分析】此题的干扰在于插入语if not better than，它影响了考生对句子整体结构的识别。

B项是正确答案。

【考例3】She thought I was talking about her daughter，_____，in fact，I was talking aboutmy daughter．〔NMET 1995〕A．whom B．where C．which D．while
【分析】此题的新颖之处是将in fact作插入语用于句中，从而迷惑了不少考生。

D项正确。

【考例4】How about the two of us _____ a walk down the garden？〔NMET1993〕A．to take B．take C．taking D．to be taking
【分析】此题的难点在于插入了逻辑主语the two of us，C项正确。

【考例5】—What do you think made the woman so upset？
—_____ weight．〔1997某某试题〕
A．As she put on B．Put on C．Putting on D．Because of putting on
【考例6】—We haven't heard from Jane for a long time．
—What do you suppose _____ to her？〔MET1991〕
A．was happening B．to happen C．has happened D．having happened
【分析】此二题都有一个共同的特点，即插入了do you think ／suppose，将其去掉，考例5变为：—What made the woman so upset？很明显就主语进展提问，只有C项动名词才可以作主语，故C项正确。

考例6如此变为：—What ____ to her？很明显缺少谓语，即可排除B、D两项，而A选项时态不正确，故C项正确。

类似的插入语还有do you believe ／imagine ／expect等。

【考例7】“_____ ，〞he said，“impossible to finish the task in such a short time．〞A．This is B．That's C．She's D．It's
【分析】此题难在插入了he said，将它去掉后，题干即为：“impossible to finish the task in such a short time．〞显然D项正确，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。

类似的插入语还有I dare say，I know／believe ／hope ／think，you know等。

【考例8】She looks forward every spring to ____ the flower-lined garden．〔1995年某某试题〕A．visit B．paying a visit C．walk in D．walking in
【分析】此题将固定短语look forward to拆开并插入了时间状语every spring，将时间状语去掉，即可排除A、C两项，而B项缺少介词to，故D项正确。

【考例9】Your performance in the driving test didn't reach the required standard—_____ ，you failed．〔NMET1999〕
A．in the end B．after all C．in other words D．at the same time 【分析】此题直接考查插入语。

A项意为“最后；终于〞，B项意为“毕竟；到底〞，C 项意为“换句话说〞，D项意为“同时〞。

根据题意可知C项正确。

【考例10】Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play，_____ ，of course，made the others unhappy．〔NMET2000〕
A．who B．which C．this D．what
【分析】此题中插入语of course对正确认识题干的干扰性最大。

把of course去掉，很明显该空缺少定语从句的引导词which，which在从句中作主语，空格前整个句子作其先行词。