新视界大学英语 Unit 7 Further reading

Skimming & Scanning
5 What is criminal profiling? (a) A psychological and physical description of a possible criminal. (b) A list of processes police use when they arrive at a crime scene. (c) A complete description of a criminal who has been caught. (d) A document which carries the criminal’s signature. Answer: (a)
Digging
MP3
译文
3 Of course, not every real detective, amateur or professional, has the same skills of deductive reasoning as the fictional Sherlock Holmes. Fortunately, however, they have a battery of modern-day and elaborate processes and techniques, which are equal to Holmes’ deductive reasoning.
More
Digging
MP3
译文
If that person damages the shoe while removing the mud, then that person is clumsy and careless. If someone had mud on their shoes, accordingly he is likely to have been in the rain and therefore likely to have got wet.
Skimming & Scanning
Task
◇Browse the passage within 8 minutes and find out which questions on the previous page the passage answers in full. ◇Answer the questions of Activity 2 and 3 on page 150.
Digging
MP3
译文
2 In one story, Holmes asserts that his friend and companion, Watson, had recently got wet, and that his servant girl was most clumsy. Watson asks how Holmes knows. Holmes had noticed that Watson’s shoe was scored by several parallel cuts as if someone had scraped the edge of the sole to remove some mud. If a London doctor’s shoes are scraped, it would be by his domestic servant, usually a girl.
Warming up
2 What qualities does a good detective need? Patience, care, intelligence, observation (an eye for detail), knowledge, integrity, perseverance etc.
Skimming & Scanning
➋ Read the quotations and decide which one is used by Sherlock Holmes to describe his methods.
Skimming & Scanning
3
Answer: 1 (It is correct and comes from The Sign of Four, the second novel featuring Sherlock Holmes.)
3 In what ways can modern science help detectives? CCTV cameras (监控摄像机), fingerprinting, DNA testing, computer records and searches, databases etc.
Now read the passage and check your answers.
Skimming & Scanning
6 In what way are today’s detectives similar to Sherlock Holmes? (a) They use similar skills. (b) They have the same equipment. (c) They believe in the same things. (d) They start an investigation in the same way.
Digging
MP3
译文
4 One of the oldest and best-known techniques for identifying criminals is checking for fingerprints left behind at the scene of a crime. In China they’ve been used to identify individuals for 2,000 years, although it was only at the end of 19th century that fingerprints began to be widely used in Britain and the US. Every person is born with their own unique set of fingerprints – no two sets of fingerprints have ever been found to be exactly the same, not even those of identical twins.
Warming up
➊ Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1 Who was Sherlock Holmes, and why is he famous?
Sherlock Holmes is a fictional detective created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The stories about him have been best-sellers for over a hundred years and been filmed many times. The strange personality of Holmes and the clever way in which he solves crimes account for his popularity.
Skimming & Scanning
3 Why is fingerprinting so important for police investigations? (a) Because every person has different fingerprints. (b) Because only identical twins have the same fingerprints. (c) Because it is a simple process which doesn’t take up much time. (d) Because it has been a reliable method for 2,000 years. Answer: (a)
Skimming & Scanning
4 Why is DNA more useful than fingerprinting?
(a) It provides proof that someone was on the scene of the crime. (b) Fingerprints are more difficult to collect than DNA samples. (c) Because police are able to use a large DNA database. (d) It can be found in a number of human substances. Answer: (d)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Answer: (c)
Skimming & Scanning
2. What advantage do today’s detectives have over Sherlock Holmes? (a) They have developed greater powers of deductive reasoning. (b) They are helped by modern methods and technology. (c) They are all professionals, whereas Holmes was an amateur. (d) They no longer need to use deductive reasoning. Answer: (b)
Answer: (a)
Digging
MP3
译文
Sherlock Holmes in the 21st century
1 Sherlock Holmes, perhaps the world’s most famous detective, is celebrated for his intellectual gifts, the scope of his powers of observation, his forensic skills, and his reasoning, all of which lead him to solving a crime. Literary scholars as well as anyone interested in logic have often analyzed Holmes’ logical processes. The stories often begin with a display of his great talent.
Further reading
Warming up Skimming & Scanning Digging
Culture points Culture points
Warming up
Watch the film clip of Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows.
Skimming & Scanning
③ Choose the best answer to the questions.
1 How do Sherlock Holmes stories often begin?
(a) With the description of a crime. (b) With a description of London. (c) With Holmes showing how clever he is. (d) With the arrival of his assistant.