2010职称英语考前每日一练［卫生类B级－第50期］

完整试卷版
第⼀部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）
下⾯共有15句⼦，每个句⼦均有⼀个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句⼦后⾯所给的四个选项中选择⼀个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案⼀律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1. How can we reduce the risk of cancer?
A) cut in B) cut down C) cut off D) cut out
2. The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.
A) continuously B) quickly C) excessively D) exceptionally
3．During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation.
A) permanent B) powerful C) striking D) practical
4． The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.
A)puzzling B) difficult C) terrifying D) urgent
5. His new girlfriend had omitted to tell him that she was married.
A)failed B) deleted C) refused D) rejected
6. The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles.
A) quicken B)shorten C) loosen D) enlarge
7． We should never content ourselves with a little knowledge only.
A) convince B)satisfy C) comfort D) benefit
8． We should contemplated the problem from all sides.
A) deliberated B)thought C) described D) designed
9． His health had deteriorated while he was in prison.
A) became better B)became worse C) became stronger D) became weaker　
10． If you want my advice, you should revise your plan for the trip to Beijing.
A) change B)exchange C) enlarge D) encourage　
11． Smoking is inhibited in public places.
A) instructed B)inquired C) forbidden D) strived
12. He is said to be suffering from terminal cancer and has asked for euthanasia (安乐死)
A) acute B)chronic C) final D) fatal　
13.I felt impelled to tell the truth.
A) promoted B)induced C) compelled D) improved
14. It's prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out.
A) controversial B)reasonable C) sensible D) sensitive　
15. Are you positive that there’s been no mistake?
A) rational B)reasonable C) certain D) bound
第⼆部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分）
阅读下⾯这篇短⽂，短⽂后列出了七个句⼦，请根据短⽂的内容对每个句⼦作出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂⿊；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂⿊；如果该句的信息⽂章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂⿊
An Observation and an Explanation
It is worth looking at one or two aspects of the way a mother behaves towards her baby. The usual fondling, cuddling and cleaning require little comment, but the position in which she holds the baby against her body when resting is rather revealing. Careful studies have shown the fact that 80 percent of mothers hold their infants in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies. If asked to explain the significance of this preference most people reply that it is obviously the result of the predominance of right-handedness in the population. By holding the babies in their left arms, the mothers keep their dominant arm free for manipulations. But a detailed analysis shows that this is not the case. True, there is a slight difference between right-handed and left-handed females; but not enough to provide adequate explanation. It emerges that 83 percent of right-handed mothers hold the baby on the left side, but so do 78 percent of left-handed mothers. In other words, only 22 percent of the left-handed mothers have their dominant hands free for actions. Clearly there must be some other, less obvious explanation.
The only other clue comes from the fact that the heart is on the side of the mother's body. Could it be that the sound of her heartbeat is the vital factor? And in what way? Thinking along these lines it was argued that perhaps during its existence inside the body of the mother the unborn baby get used to the sound of the heart beat. If this is so, then the re-discovery of this familiar sound after birth might have a claiming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been born into a strange and frighteningly new world. if this is so then the mother would, somehow, soon arrive at the discovery that her baby is more at peace if held on the left against her heart than on the right.
16. We can learn a lot by observing the position in which a mother holds her baby against her body.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. Most left-handed women feel comfortable by holding their babies in their left arm and keep the right arm free.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. The number of right-handed mothers who hold the baby on the left side exceeds that of left-handed ones by 22%.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The fact that most left-handed mothers hold the baby on their left side renders the first explanation unsustainable.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The fact that the heart is on the left side of the mother's body provides the most convincing explanation of all.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. A baby held in the right arm of its mother can be easily frightened.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. The writer's explanation of the phenomenon is supported by the fact that babies tend to be more peaceful if held in their mothers' left arms than in the right arms.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
第三部分：概括⼤意与完成句⼦（每题1分，共8分）
阅读下⾯这篇短⽂，短⽂后有2项测试任务：（1）1——4 题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5 段每段选择1个正确的⼩标题；（2）第5——8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句⼦。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Caring for the old
The old do not have to look exclusively to the past. Relieved of some of life's responsibilities and fortified by many years of experience and knowledge, they may have a much better idea of how to spend their time enjoyably than they did in their youth. And not all enjoyment is restricted to the mental or philosophical. Healthy physical activity remains quite possible for most of us well into our later years.
Old people sometimes display surprising freedom and forthrightness in the expression of their thoughts and feelings, and an ability to transmit affection. It is as though some of the rituals which constrict us in earlier life fall away.
But a higher percentage of people suffer from emotional distress in old age than at any other time in adult life, and the gap between need and care is often filled by dubious measures, such as heavy-handed prescription of medicine. For many years it was assumed that old people were not appropriate candidates for psychotherapy. But a few clinicians have risen to the challenge and discovered that individual and group psychotherapy is just as effective with the old as with the young.
It is easy to understand why an earthquake causes terror. Yet in old age there may be terror of a very private nature, a sense of disintegration sometimes stemming from inner conflicts, sometimes from a premonition of death or the fear of becoming dependent.
Dependency is a grim choice: insecurity and deprivation must be weighed against loss of autonomy and integrity. But if there is nothing shameful about the dependency of a baby or a young child, there should be nothing shameful about the dependencies natural with old age and diminishing physical resources.
The complexity and impersonality of the bureaucratic establishments, which have the means to provide help, are often threatening to old people. The younger generation today, on the other hand, will have had many decades to interact with "the system" by the time they reach old age.
Many of us, including healthcare providers, assume that we know what old people and dying people want, but our assumptions are often a reflections of our won thoughts and feelings based on personal interpretations of scanty bits of observation. Such assumptions are really an excuse to avoid close contact with the terminally ill. Assuming we "know" what they want, we observe ourselves from being with them, and sharing their thoughts about the end of life.
We sometimes assume, wrongly, that old people are too confused or senile to be aware of the nearness of death. In consequence, communication between a dying and others is subject to extraordinary omissions and distortions. "Protecting" the dying from knowledge of their condition often serves to protect us from the uncomfortable prospect of talking about dying and death. Evasions like this only lead to increasing isolation at a time when emotional honesty and understanding are most needed.
23.paragraph 1___________.
24.paragraph 2___________.
25.paragraph 3___________.
26.paragraph 5___________.
A. Knowing better how to enjoy life
B. Freedom in expression
C. Psychotherapy effective with some of the old
D. Period of greater emotional distress
E. Dependency: a grim choice
F. Guiltiness: dependency
27. Old people may well be active in____.
28. Old people sometimes know better___.
29. It is a natural thing ___.
30. We often think that we know the feeling of a dying person, ___
A. how to show love to others
B. how to show anger to others
C. yet we know we are wrong
D. various kinds of sports
E. but we are often wrong
F. that old people depend on others
第四部分：阅读理解（每题3分，共45分）
下⾯有3篇短⽂，每篇短⽂后有5道题，每道题后⾯有4个选项。

请仔细阅读短⽂并根据短⽂回答其后⾯的问题，从4个选项中选择1个答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第⼀篇
A Gay（n. 同性恋） Biologist（n. ⽣物学家）
Molecular biologist Dean Hammer has blue eyes, light brown hair and a good sense of humor. He smokes cigarettes, spends long hours in an old laboratory at the US National Institute of Health, and in his free time climbs up cliffs and points his skis down steep slopes. He also happens to be openly, matter-of-factly gay.
What is it that makes Hammer who he is? What, for that matter, accounts for the talents and traits that make up anyone's personality? Hammer is not content merely to ask such questions; he is trying to answer them as well. A pioneer in the field of molecular psychology, Hammer is exploring the role genes play in governing the very core of our individuality. To a remarkable extent, his work on what might be called the gay, thrill-seeking and quit-smoking genes reflects how own genetic predispositions.
That work, which has appeared mostly in scientific journals, has been gathered into an accessible and quite readable form in Hammer's creative new book, Living with Our Genes. "you have about as much choice in some aspect of your personality." Hamer and co-author Peter Copeland write in the introductory chapter, "as you do in the shape of your nose or the size of your feet."
Until recently, research into behavioral genetics was dominated by psychiatrists and psychologists, who based their most compelling conclusions about the importance of genes on studies of identical twins. For example, psychologist Michael Bailey of Northwestern University famously demonstrated that if one identical twin is gay, there is about a 50% likelihood that the other will be too. Seven years ago, Hamer picked up where the twin studies left off, homing in on specific strips of DNA that appear to influence everything from mood to sexual orientation.
Hamer switched to behavioral genetics from basic research, after receiving his doctorate from Harvard, he spent more than a decade studying the biochemistry of a protein that cells use to metabolize heavy metals like copper and zinc. As he was about to turn 40, however, Hamer suddenly realized he had learned as much about the protein as he cared to. "Frankly, I was bored, "he remembers, "and ready for something new."
Homosexual behavior, in particular, seemed ripe for exploration because few scientists had dared tackle such an emotionally and politically charged subject. "I'm gay," Hamer says with a shrug, "but that was not a major motivation. It was more of a question of intellectual curiosity-and the fact that no one else was doing this sort of research"
31. The first paragraph describes Hamer's
A. looks, hobbies and character.
B. viewpoint on homosexuality.
C. unique life-style.
D. scientific research work.
32. Hamer was a
A. psychiatrist.
B. physiologist.
C. chemist.
D. biologist.
33. What is Hamer doing now?
A. He is exploring the role of genes in deciding one's intelligence.
B. He is exploring the role of genes in deciding one's personality.
C. He is writing a book entitled "Live with Our Genes."
D. He is trying to answer some questions on a test paper.
34. What happened to Hamer's research interest?
A. He turned to basic research.
B. He sticked to basic research.
C. He turned to behavioral genetics.
D. He sticked to behavioral genetics.
35. According to Hamer, what was one of the main reasons for him to choose homosexual behavior as his research subject?
A. He is a gay and he wants to cure himself.
B. He was curious about it as a scientist.
C. He was curious about it like everyone else.
D. It is a subject that can lead to political success.
第⼆篇
Silent and Deadly
Transient ischemic attacks（TIAS）, or mini-strokes, result from temporary interruptions of blood flow to the brain. Unlike full strokes, they present symptoms lasting anywhere from a few seconds to 24 hours. Rarely do they cause permanent neurological damage, but they are often precursors of a major stroke.
"Our message is quite clear," says Dr. Robert Adams, professor of neurology at the Medical College of Georgia in August. "TIAS，while less severe than strokes in the short term, are quite dangerous and need a quick diagnosis and treatment as well as appropriate follow-up to prevent future injury."
Unfortunately, mini-strokes are greatly under diagnosed. A study conducted for the National Stroke Association indicates that 2.5% of all adults aged 18 or older（about 4.9 million people in the U. S. ）have experienced a confirmed TI A. An a d d i t i o n a l 1 . 2 m i l l i o n A m e r i c a n s o v e r t h e a g e o f 4 5 , t h e s t u d y s h o w e d , h a v e m o s t l i k e l y s u f f e r e d a m i n i - s t r o k e w i t h o u t r e a l i z i n g i t . T h e s e f i n d i n g s s u g g e s t t h a t i f t h e p u b l i c k n e w h o w t o s p o t t h e s y m p t o m s o f s t r o k e , e s p e c i a l l y m i n i - s t r o k e s , a n d s o u g h t p r o m p t m e d i c a l t r e a t m e n t , t h o u s a n d s o f l i v e s c o u l d b e s a v e d a n d m a j o r d i s a b i l i t y c o u l d b e a v o i d e d . b r > 0 0 T h e p r o b l e m i s t h a t t h e s y m p t o m s o f a m i n i - s t r o k e a r e o f t e n s u b t l e a n d p a s s i n g . N o n e t h e l e s s , t h e r e a r e s i g n s y o u c a n l o o k o u t f o r : b r > 0 0 距 * N u m b n e s s o r w e a k n e s s i n t h e f a c e , a r m o r l e g , e s p e c i a l l y o n o n e s i d e o f t h e b o d y . b r > 0 0 距 * T r o u b l e s e e i n g i n o n e o r b o t h e y e s . b r > 0 0 距 * C o n f u s i o n a n d d i f f i c u l t y s p e a k i n g o r u n d e r s t a n d i n g . b r > 0 0 距 * D i f f i c u l t y w a l k i n g , d i z z i n e s s o r l o s s o f c o o r d i n a t i o n . b r > 0 0 距 * S e v e r e h e a d a c h e w i t h n o k n o w n c a u s e . b r > 0 0 A l o n g w i t h t h e s e s y m p t o m s , r e s e a r c h e r s h a v e i d e n t i f i e d s o m e k e y i n d i c a t o r s t h a t i n c r e a s e y o u r c h a n c e s o f h a v i n g a f u l l - b l o w n s t r o k e a f t e r a T I A : i f y o u ' r e o v e r 6 0 , h a v e e x p e r i e n c e d s y m p t o m s l a s t i n g l o n g e r t h a n 1 0 m i n u t e s , f e e l w e a k a n d h a v e a h i s t o r y o f d i a b e t e s . b r > 0 0 A s w i t h m a n y d i s e a s e s , y o u c a n h e l p y o u r s e l f b y c h a n g i n g y o u r l i f e s t y l e . T h e f i r s t t h i n g s y o u s h o u l d d o a r e q u i t s m o k i n g , l i m i t y o u r i n t a k e o f a l c o h o l t o n o m o r e t h a n a d r i n k o r t w o a d a y a n d i n c r e a s e y o u r p h y s i c a l a c t i v i t y . E v e n t h o s e w h o s u f f e r f r o m h i g h b l o o d p r e s s u r e o r d i a b e t e s c a n i m p r o v e t h e i r o d d s - a n d m i n i m i z e c o m p l i c a t i o n s i f t h e y d o h a v e a s t r o k e - b y k e e p i n g t h e i r i l l n e s s u n d e r c o n t r o l . b r > 0 0 I f y o u e x p e r i e n c e a n y o f t h e s y m p t o m s , y o u r f i r s t c a l l s h o u l d b e t o y o u r d o c t o r . I t c o u l d b e t h e c a l l t h a t s a v e s y o u r l i f e . b r > 0 0 3 6 . W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i s N O T t r u e o f m i n i - s t r o k e s ? b r > 0 0 A . T h e c a u s e o f t h e m r e m a i n s u n i d e n t i f i e d . b r > 0 0 B . T h e y s e l d o m c a u s e p e r m a n e n t n e u r o l o g i c a l d a m a g e . b r > 0 0 C . T h e y s y m p t o m s o f t h e m a r e o f t e n p a s s i n g . b r > 0 0 D . T h e y a r e n o t u n r e l a t e d t o m a j o r s t r o k e s . b r > 0 0 3 7 . T o p r e v e n t m i n i - s t r o k e s f r o m t u r n i n g i n t o m a j o r s t r o k e s , i t i s i m p o r t a n t t o b r > 0 0 A . s a v e t h o u s a n d s o f l i v e s . b r > 0 0 B . a v o i d m a j o r d i s a b i l i t y . b r > 0 0 C . s e e k p r o m p t m e d i c a l t r e a t m e n t . b r > 0 0 D . p r e v e n t f u t u r e i n j u r y . b r > 0 0 3 8 . T h e p a s s a g e i n d i c a t e s t h a t t h e s y m p t o m s o f m i n i - s t r o k e s b r > 0 0 A . a r e a l w a y s e a s y t o s p o t . b r > 0 0 B . a r e f r e q u e n t l y h a r d t o r e c o g n i z e . b r > 0 0 C . u s u a l l y l a s t a c o u p l e o f d a y s . b r > 0 0 D . c a n b y n o m e a n s b e a v o i d e d . b r > 0 0 3 9 . A l l o f t h e f o l l o w i n g m a y b e s i g n s o f m i n i -s t r o k e s E X C E P T f o r b r > 0 0 A . t r o u b l e s e e i n g i n o n e e y e . b r > 0 0 B . n u m b n e s s i n t h e f a c e . b r > 0 0 C . l o s s o f c o o r d i n a t i o n . b r > 0 0 D . s e v e r e h e a d a c h e c a u s e d b y e x t e r n a l i n j u r y . b r > 0 0 4 0 . I t c a n b e i n f e r r e d f r o m t h e p a s s a g e t h a t m i n i - s t r o k e s a r e b r > 0 0 A . m o r e d a n g e r o u s t h a n m a j o r s t r o k e s . b r > 0 0 B . s i l e n t a n d d e a d l y . b r > 0 0 C . d i f f i c u l t t o c u r e . b r > 0 0 D . s u r e t o l e a d t o m a j o r s t r o k e s .。