2013考研英语历年知识运用高频词常考义汇总

说明：底色绿色的为排版中需要表为粗体的，即文中讲解词组。

字色红色的为该题目正确选项。

（1）6次以上词频
make [17]
[真题考查词义]1. 制造，做，组装
2. 使处于…状态：~+n.+ a.+ to do，~sth +a.，~it +a.+ for…to do
3. 表使动：~sb do
4.做，作出（决定、估计等）
[真题考查搭配] 5. ~up形成，构成 6.~friends交朋友
7.~ sure确保8. make (for) 走向，有利于，倾向于，导致
[精选真题例句]
1. Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 5nitrogen.（1996）
rising unemployment 11(in general) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. (2004)
(2001)
13. ［A］changes［B］makes［C］sets［D］
6(Moreover), inaccurate or indefinite words may
understand the 8 which is being transmitted to him. （1994）
3. Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are.（2009）
the designer has to make many of the same kind of 14
’s population.（2006）
that the viewer does not miss some point of interest. （1991）
work [16]
[真题考查词义]
1. v.工作，干活
2. n. 工作，活计，劳动
[真题考查搭配]
3.work force劳动力
4. ~for 产生（预想的效果）
5．~up逐步建立，逐步发展，逐步引起
[真题扩充词汇]
6. working a. ：~ parents 在职的父母（2004原）；~ vocabulary常用词汇（1994原）；~ hours 工作时间（1990原）
[精选真题例句]
1. He is that __2（rare）__ bird, a scientist who works independently __3（of）__ any institution. （2008原）
2. The communications revolution has 18（influenced）both work and leisure and how we think
and feel both about place and time.（2002原）
4. For example, a theater with poor sight lines, poor sound shaping qualities, and 11（too）few entries and exits will not work for12（its）purpose, no matter how beautifully it might be 13（decorated）. （1993原）
5．It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5 up.
5.\[A\] gathered\[B\] speeded\[C\] worked\[D\] picked （2003）
come [13]
[真题考查词义]
1．（时间）到来，（事件）发生
2．来，来到
[真题考查搭配]
3．~from来自于……
4．~in可提供、可利
5．~to达到（某种状态或境地）
6．~up（尤指步行）走近
7．~off脱落，分开；进行，举行；达到效果，成功
8．~into变成、成为……；进入（某种状态或境地）
9．~round（到某人家中）拜访；改变观点；（如往常一样）降临，发生；恢复知觉，苏醒[精选真题例句]
1．Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18（slower）because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19（produced）. （2007）2. She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her 10(side). （1986）3．Teenagers are especially self conscious and need the 5（confidence）that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 6（admired）by others. （2003）4．There is so much 4（potential）pure water here that it would need only a fraction of it to turn much of the desert or poorly irrigated parts of the world into rich farmland. And what useful packages it would come in! （1989）
5．Vast areas of desert throughout the world may for the first time 1 and provide millions of hectares of land where now nothing grows.
1. ［A］come to life［B］come into existence［C］come into activity［D］come round （1989）
6．We ve chairs of all kinds in the showroom. If you ll just come up, you will find something to suit you.（1986）
7．There can be no question about the value of a safety program. ⑩From a financial standpoint alone, safety8.
8.\[A\] comes off\[B\] turns up\[C\] pays off\[D\] holds up（1994）
8．Vast areas of desert throughout the world may for the first time 1 and provide millions of hectares of land where now nothing grows.
1. ［A］come to life［B］come into existence［C］come into activity［D］come round （1989）
say [12]
【真题考查词义】
1.说，讲；表达，表述
2.[僻] （书面材料或可见的东西）提供信息，指示
【真题考查搭配】
3.be ~ed to do/be据说…
【精选真题例句】
1. The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is __1（prepared）__ to say it anyway. （2008）
2. There was a card on the chair which said: “This fine chair is yours 7（for）less than a pound
a week,”and very small at the bottom, “Cash price eighty nine pounds fifty.”（1986）
3. Up to 19 witnesses were 18 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. 18. ［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told（2001）
look [11]
【真题考查词义】
1. 看起来：+a.
2. 看，瞧：~（at）
3. 看来好像，似乎，仿佛：~（like）
4. 找寻，寻找：~（for）
【真题考查搭配】
5. ~to依赖，期待，指望；
6. ~into调查，审查
7. ~for期望，期待
8. ~at （仔细）察看，检查；思考，研究；（用某种方式）看待
9. ~back（over）回首，回顾
10. ~round环视，环顾；回头看
11. ~on旁观；看作，视为，看待
【精选真题例句】
1. For example, it has long been known that total sleep 6（deprivation）is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 7（upon）examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal.（1995）
2. “Oh, well, no,” she said. “I was just looking.”（1986）
For an hour or 1（so）she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything, buying here and there, and..（1986）
3. You would be 6（shocked）if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look 7 the inside of a restaurant.
7. ［A］like ［B］for ［C］at ［D］into（1993）
4. They were looking for a place where they could worship God 1（in their own way）.（1988）
5. The roughly 20 million 1（inhabitants）of these nations looked 2（hopefully）to the future.（2007）
6. Scientists are already looking into the possibility of using some of the available ice in the Arctic and Antarctic.（1989）
7. 见例3
8. 见例3
9. In the fall, they look back 7 the past year.
7. ［A］in［B］of［C］over［D］at（1988）
10. One Wednesday she found a new shop full of the most delightful things, with a notice inviting anyone to walk in and look 5 without feeling they had to buy something.
5. ［A］behind［B］round［C］back［D］on（1986）
“Can I help you, Madam?” She looked round at the assistant who had come softly to her 10（side）.（1986）
11. 见例10
mean [11]
【真题考查词义】
1. v.意味着
2. [僻] a.平均的，介于中间的
3. [僻] a.(人的理解力或能力)平庸的，一般的
【真题扩充词汇】
4. ~ing n.含义，意义
【精选真题例句】
1. This means that our noses are 3（limited）to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4（missing）the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. （2005）
This may mean the difference between operating at 10（a profit）or at a loss. （1999）
2. This group generally do well in IQ tests, __9（scoring）__ 12-15 points above the __10__ value of 100, and have contributed __11（disproportionately）__ to the intellectual and cultural life of the West.
10. ［A］normal ［B］common ［C］mean ［D］total（2008）3. They 1（admitted）that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 2 man.
2.［A］plain［B］average［C］mean［D］normal（1998）
4. 5（Above）all, he has to be able to 6（create）a continuous sequence of visual images which 7（add）meaning to the sounds which the listener hears.（1991）
take [11]
[真题考查词义]
1．花费，用去，消耗
2．吃、摄入
3．从…中取出，取得：~sth from sth
4．带走、拿走：~sth with sb
5．乘坐
[真题考查搭配]
6．~off 起飞；模仿（某人）；（体育运动等中）换下（某人）；脱下；休假；取消，停演；剪掉，截去
7．~ over接替，接任，接管
8．~to逃往，躲到；养成…习惯；培养…能力；开始喜欢
9．~away解除，消除（感情、痛苦等）
10．~for当作，误认为
[精选真题例句]
1．It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6（off）the starting line because it depends on learning—a(n) 7（gradual）process—instead of instinct.（2009）
2．Many people,10（meanwhile）, believe in being on the “safe side”and thus take extra vitamins.（1996）
3．However, 8（while）the iceberg was at its destination, more that 7,000 million cubic metres of water could be taken from it! （1989）
4．He was not only allowed to go without further delay, but to take the string of pearls with him.（1987）
5．On Wednesday afternoons Annie took the bus into town to shop in the market. （1986）6．What makes the space shuttle 11（unique）is that it takes off like a rocket but lands like an airplane.（1992）
7．At work, robots will take 7 most jobs in the manufacturing industries.
7. ［A］to［B］away［C］off［D］over（1990）
8．见例7
9．见例7
10．18, they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19 for roles that are within their 20（capabilities）and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.
19.\[A\] making\[B\] standing \[C\] planning\[D\] taking （2003）
way [11]
【真题考查词义】
1. n.方法：in+~
【真题考查搭配】
2. in one’s own ~以…的特有方式
3. in a~在某种程度上，不完全地
4. by the~顺便提一下、问一句
5. on the~即将去（或来）；在路途中
【精选真题例句】
1. Finding ways to 10（assist）this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.（2006）
The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 9（unable）to explain or describe in a 10 that can be understood by his listeners.（1994）
10. ［A］case ［B］means ［C］method ［D］way
2. They were looking for a place where they could worship God 1.
1. ［A］in their own style［B］in their own way［C］on their own ［D］of their own （1988）
3.And then, with all the things she needed 3（bought）she would leave the market for the streets of the town to spend another hour 4 she liked best
4. ［A］in a way［B］by the way［C］in the way［D］on the way（1986）
commit [9]
【真题考查词义】
1. 犯罪，犯错
2. 承诺，保证（做某事，遵守协议等）：be ~ed to
【真题扩充词汇】
3. commitment n.承诺，许诺
4. ~tee委员会
【精选真题例句】
1. many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) （2004）
2. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4（missing）the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.
3. ［A］limited［B］committed［C］dedicated［D］confined（2005）
3. they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19（planning）for roles that are within their 20 and their attention spans （2003）
4. in a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee （2001）
increase [9]
【真题考查词义】
1. v.增加
【真题扩充词汇】
2. increasingly ad. 越来越多地，不断增加地
【精选真题例句】
1. 7（Although）the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 8.
8. ［A］inflating ［B］expanding ［C］increasing ［D］extending（2006）
All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act.（2004）2. Finding ways to 10（assist）this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.（2006）
particular [9]
【真题考查词义】
1. 特定的，特指的
【真题考查搭配】
2. in ~（见逻辑连接词）(2001)
【真题扩充词汇】
3. ~ly尤其，特别
【精选真题例句】
1. The group in __8（question）__ are a particular people originated from central Europe.（2008）This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose.
10. ［A］unusual［B］particular［C］unique［D］typical
3. After examining several trays, he decided to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay by Cheques. （1987）
provide [10]
【真题考查词义】
1.提供
【真题扩充词汇】
2. ~ed (that) prep./conj.（见“逻辑连接词”）
【精选真题例句】
1. A variety of small clubs can provide 10（multiple）opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 11（group）dynamics.（2003）
think [9]
【真题考查词义】
1. 认为，以为：be thought to do/to be/+a.，~that
2. 思考
【真题考查搭配】
3. think of sb/sth把…看作，把…视为
4. at the thought of一想到…
5. give thought to思考，考虑
【真题扩充词汇】
6. thought n. （见【搭配】）
【精选真题例句】
1.He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not__4（previously）__ thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections.（2008）
These facts, __14（however）__, have previously been thought unrelated.（2008）
Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals.（2005）Engineers think that an iceberg up to seven miles long and one and a half miles wide could be transported if the tug pulling it was as big as a supertanker!（1989）
2.The communications revolution has 18（influenced）both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time.（2002）
3.They were thought of, like people, 15（in terms of）generations, with the distance between generations much 16（smaller）.（2002）
4.__5（Even）__ he, however, might tremble at the __6__ of what he is about to do.
6. ［A］thought ［B］sight ［C］cost ［D］risk（2008）5. And they also need to give serious 1 to how they can best 2（accommodate）such changes.
1.\[A\] thought\[B\] idea \[C\] opinion\[D\] advice （2003）
usual [9]
【真题考查词义】
1. 通常的，寻常的，惯常的
【真题考查搭配】
2. as~照例，像往常一样
【真题扩充词汇】
3. ~ly通常地，正常地，一般地
4. un~不寻常的，特别的
【精选真题例句】
1. We are not 17（aware）of the usual smell of our own house, but we 18（notice）new smells when we visit someone else s.（2005）
2.Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would 13on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small scale study in operant conditioning.
14. ［A］by chance ［B］in contrast ［C］as usual ［D］for instance（2009）3.This may 16（also）explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells—we simply do not need to be.（2005）
4.His argument is that the unusual history of these people has __19（subjected）__ them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this __20（paradoxical）__ state of affairs.（2008）
get [8]
【真题考查词义】
1.获取
2.变得：系动词~+a.
【真题考查搭配】
3.~into到达，进入到（某地）；处于（某种状态）
4. ~up起身
5.~over sth解决，克服；（to sb）把……（向某人）说清楚，使理解
【精选真题例句】
1. 8 enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 9（excess）vitamins.
8.［A］Supplying ［B］Getting［C］Providing［D］Furnishing（1996）
2. Holidays will get longer; six weeks will be the normal annual holiday. （1990）
3. This is because when the sun has a bigger area to warm 10（up）, less heat actually gets into the iceberg. （1989）
the police would arrive at any moment and he had better stay 7（unless）he wanted to get into serious trouble（1987）
4. When he got up to go, the manager told him that the police would arrive at any moment and he had better stay 7（unless）he wanted to get into serious trouble. （1987）
5. The former has been __15__ to social effects, such as a strong tradition of __16(valuing)__ education.
15. ［A］given up ［B］got over ［C］carried on ［D］put down（2008）
keep [8]
【真题考查词义】
1.（使）保持，处于：~sth+a.
2.存放，储存
【真题考查搭配】
3. ~a lookout for注意，留心
【精选真题例句】
1. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19（available）for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20（such as）the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.（2005）
2.He went to a famous jewelry shop which keeps a large 5（stock）of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. （1987）
3.For an hour or 1（so）she would walk up and down between the stalls looking at everything,
buying here and there, and 2 a sharp lookout for the bargains that were sometimes to be had 2. ［A］taking［B］making［C］fixing［D］keeping （1986）
possible [8]
【真题考查词义】
1. 可能的
【真题扩充词汇】
2. ~ly 与can’t，couldn’t等否定词连用，以加强语气
3. ~ility可能性
4. im~ 不可能的；the impossible n.不可能的事
【精选真题例句】
1. Whenever we need to be indoors, we want our surroundings to be 4（as）attractive and comfortable as possible. （1993）
2. 1（Indeed），homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments can t possibly 2（cope）.（2006）
3. Scientists are already looking into the possibility of using some of the available ice in the Arctic and Antarctic. （1989）
4. The space shuttle, the world s first true spaceship, is a magnificent step 15 making the impossible possible for the benefit and survival of man. （1992）
available [7]
【真题考查词义】
1. 可获得的，可得到的
【真题扩充词汇】
2. ~ility可获得性，可得到，有效性
【精选真题例句】
1. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20（such as）the smell of smoke.
19. ［A］available［B］reliable［C］identifiable［D］suitable（2005）
2. Other 17（identifiable）causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 18 of drugs and alcohol…
18.\[A\] expense \[B\] restriction \[C\] allocation \[D\] availability（2004）
describe [7]
【真题考查词义】
1.描述，形容
【真题扩充词汇】
2. description
【精选真题例句】
1. the new experiments, such as those 4 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis
4. ［A］maintained［B］described ［C］settled ［D］afforded（1995）
2. Below is a description of what our life will be in the year 2001 as predicted by a 4（present day）writer.（1990）
effect 7
【真题考查词义】
1. n.效应，影响，结果
2. v.使发生，实现，引起
【真题考查搭配】
3. in ~实际上，事实上；（法律或规则）在实施中，有效
【真题扩充词汇】
4. ~ive a.产生预期结果的，有效的
5. ineffective a. 无效果的；不起作用的
【精选真题例句】
1. The former has been __15（put down）__ to social effects, such as a strong tradition of __16（valuing）__ education. （2008）
2. The communications revolution has 18 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time
18.\[A\] regarded\[B\] impressed\[C\] influenced\[D\] effected（2002）
3. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5（speeded）up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 6（on）through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 7（into）the 20th century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 8.
8.\[A\] concept\[B\] dimension\[C\] effect\[D\] perspective （2002）
4. When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were able to be equally effective on television.（1991）
5. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15（create）new receptors if necessary.
14. ［A］ineffective［B］incompetent［C］inefficient［D］insufficient（2005）
give [7]
【真题考查词义】
1. 给，给予
【真题考查搭配】
2. thanks ~ing day 感恩节
3. ~ sth/oneself up（to）把……让给；使（自己）陷入（某种感情而不加控制）
【真题扩充词汇】
【精选真题例句】
1. 11（even）when homeless individuals manage to find a 12（shelter）that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night（2006）
3. The former has been __15__ to social effects, such as a strong tradition of __16（valuing）__ education.
15. ［A］given up ［B］got over ［C］carried on ［D］put down（2008）
light [7]
【真题考查词义】
1.明亮的，有自然光的
【真题考查搭配】
2. cast ~on 使（问题等）较容易理解
3. in the ~of考虑到，鉴于
【真题扩充词汇】
4. ~ing n.照明
【精选真题例句】
1. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) 4（advantage）in not being too bright.
3. ［A］thinner ［B］stabler ［C］lighter ［D］dimmer（2009）
2. A researcher has now 8 the mystery of why the animals die.
8. ［A］paid attention to［B］caught sight of ［C］laid emphasis on ［D］cast light on(1995) 3. it was not 2（until）the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre electronic 3（medium），following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4of the periodical.
4.\[A\] process\[B\] company\[C\] light\[D\] form（2002）
4. He or she must coordinate the shapes, lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor.（1993）
result [7]
【真题考查词义】
1. n.后果，结果
【真题考查搭配】
2. ~in造成，导致
3. as a~结果…
【真题扩充词汇】
4. ~ing a.因而发生的，因此而产生的
【精选真题例句】
1. 18（Above all）, they would hope to study a(n) 19（fundamental）question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20（So far）the results are inconclusive. （2009）
2. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has __19(subjected)__ them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this __20(paradoxical)__ state of affairs.（2008）
3. it would be 7（wise）to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 8，publishing newsletters with many student written book reviews,
8.\[A\] in effect \[B\] as a result \[C\] for example\[D\] in a sense（2003）
4. The resulting discontent may in 12（turn）lead more youths into criminal behavior.（2004）
suggest [7]
【真题考查词义】
1. 表明，显示，暗示
【精选真题例句】
1. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only __7__ that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about.
7. ［A］advises ［B］suggests ［C］protests ［D］objects（2008）Dr Cochran suggests that the intelligence and the diseases are intimately __18（linked）__.（2008）
turn [7]
【真题考查词义】
1.（使）变成，成为
【真题考查搭配】
2.~out 结果证明是
3.~ （sth）around （使）扭转、好转
4.in~ 转而，相反地
5.~over 使转身，翻转；认真思考；（商店）周转
6.~on接通（电流、煤气、水等），打开，启动
7.~up调高（音量、热量等）；（被）找到，意外发现；出现，露面
【精选真题例句】
1.There is so much 4 (potential) pure water here that it would need only a fraction of it to turn much of the desert or poorly irrigated parts of the world into rich farmland. (1989)
2.Intelligence, it 5 , is a high priced option.
5. ［A］insists on ［B］sums up ［C］turns out ［D］puts forward（2009）3.Many others, 14(while) not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15(survival) skills needed to turn their lives 1
6.
16. ［A］around ［B］over ［C］on ［D］up (2006)
4.For example, changes in the economy that 10(lead) to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 11(in general) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior. (2004)
12.\[A\] case \[B\] short \[C\] turn \[D\] essence
5. Many others, 14(while) not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack the everyday 15(survival) skills needed to turn their lives 1
6.
16. ［A］around［B］over ［C］on ［D］up (2006)
experience [6]
【真题考查词义】
1. v. 经历，经受；感受，体验
2. n. 经验，实践
3. n. （一次）经历，体验
【精选真题例句】
1. Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. （2003）
2. Therefore, they were able to get enough fresh meat despite their lack of skill or experience in hunting and fishing.（1988）
3. An old and very wealthy friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant experience. （1987）
go [6]
【真题考查词义】
1.去，走，去往，离开，出发
2.（为某目的）去（某处）
3.~on to sth进而转入另外一件事
4.~ by（时间）逝去，过去
【真题扩充词汇】
【精选真题例句】
1.He went to a famous jewelry shop which (1987)
2.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill…laid down that everybody was 15（entitled）to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. （2001）
3.A variety of activities should be organized 15（so that）participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to16（something）else without feeling guilty.（2003）
4.As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too.（2002）
leave [6]
【真题考查词义】
1. 离开…（去…）：~…（for）
2.把…留交，交托
【真题考查搭配】
3. ~ … in the dust把某人远远抛在后面，使望尘莫及
【精选真题例句】
1.In 1620, a small sailboat named the Mayflower left England for the New World. (1988)
2.the 11（interpretation）of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 12（rather than）to Parliament （2001）
3.Instead of casting a wistful glance 10（backward）at all the species we ve left in the dust I.Q. wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11（costs）of our own intelligence might be.（2009）
medium [6]
【真题考查词义】
1. n. （传播信息的）媒介，媒体（复数media）
2.[僻] a.中等的，中号的
【精选真题例句】
1. it was not 2（until）the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre electronic 3
3.\[A\] means\[B\] method\[C\] medium\[D\] measure（2002）02原media，正1 3t，01原2 its impact on the media was not immediately 12（apparent）（2002）
2. That would probably be more than enough for any medium sized city even in the hottest summer! （1989）
sense [6]
【真题考查词义】
1. n. 理解力，判断力：a ~of+ n.
2. n. 含义，理解……的方式，看待……的角度：in+~
3. v. 感觉到，意识到，觉察出
1. they can help students acquire a sense of commitment （2003）
But the 19th century French novelist Jules Verne may be called a futurologist in the fullest 2 of the word.（1990）
2. ［A］sense［B］meaning［C］detail［D］implication
3. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11(messages) to the brain. (2005)
state [6]
【真题考查词义】
1. n.状态，状况：state of ~事态，情况
2. n.国家
3. v.规定，公布
4. v.陈述，说明，声明
【精选真题例句】
1. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has __19（subjected）__ them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this __20（paradoxical）__ state of affairs.（2008）
2. 6（Generally）there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states.（2007）
3. They can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19（planning）for roles that are within their 20（capabilities）and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.（2003）
4. Up to 19 witnesses were 18 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. 18. ［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told （2001）
这些经常在知识运用中出现的高频词绝大多数都是基础词汇。

其中较特殊的是commit，在2004讨论青少年犯罪的原文材料中出现5次（因其是体现主题的关键词），另外在01年原文中还两次出现派生词committee。

medium也同样是特例，因为02、01年文章题材都涉及媒体（02通讯革命的发展，01政府对媒体炒作干扰司法公正进行立法限制），因此medium 的复数形式media多次出现。

这都是因文章内容而随机集中高频出现的情况。

另外对于provide，其考查重点是由它的过去分词转化而成的介词（连词），有关内容将在“逻辑连接词”部分具体讲解。

另外还需注意的一个词是available，其含义较抽象，但却是英文较正式语言中的常用词，应认真把握。

（2）五次词频
add
【真题考查词义】
1. 添加，增加：~sth to
【真题考查搭配】
2. in ~除……以外
【真题扩充词汇】
addition见【搭配】
【精选真题例句】
1. industrial purposes 7（unimagined）two decades ago when “sputnik” (artificial satellite) was 8 to the vocabulary
8. ［A］attributed［B］contributed［C］applied［D］added（1992）
2. 15（In）addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served.(1993)
case
【真题考查词义】
1. 具体情况，事例，实例：in the ~of
2. 案件，案情
【真题考查搭配】
3. in~ 以防，假使，如果
【精选真题例句】
1. In the 8 of television, however, the commentator sees everything with the viewer.
8. ［A］occasion ［B］event ［C］fact ［D］case（1991）
2. The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 1（such as）the trial of Rosemary West.（2001）
3. The resulting discontent may in 12 lead more youths into criminal behavior.
12.\[A\] case \[B\] short \[C\] turn \[D\] essence（2004）
common
【真题考查词义】
1. 常见的，通常的
2. 共有的，共享的
【真题考查搭配】
3. in~相同，共有
【精选真题例句】
1. This group generally do well in IQ tests, __9（scoring）__ 12-15 points above the __10__ value of 100.
10. ［A］normal ［B］common ［C］mean ［D］total（2008）2. 6（Generally）there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of laws.
7. ［A］unique ［B］common ［C］particular ［D］typical（2007）3. The assistant said that this was quite 6 but the moment my friend signed his name, he was invited into the manager s office.
6. ［A］in order［B］in need［C］in use［D］in common（1987）
definite
【真题考查词义】
1.确定的，肯定的，有把握
【真题扩充词汇】
2. ~ly ad. 确切地，明确地，清楚地
3. in~ a. 模糊不清的，不明确的
4. indefinitely ad. 无期限地
【精选真题例句】
1. He is there to make 10 that the viewer does not miss some point of interest, to help him 11
（focus）on particular things
10. ［A］definite ［B］possible ［C］sure［D］clear（1991）
2. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 12（security）of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 13 visible in the background.
13.\[A\] particularly\[B\] barely\[C\] definitely\[D\] rarely（2003）
3. 6（Moreover）, inaccurate or indefinite words may make 7（it）difficult for the listener to understand the 8（message）which is being transmitted to him.（1994）
4. This group generally do well in IQ tests, __9（scoring）__ 12-15 points above the __10（mean）__ value of 100, and have contributed __11__ to the intellectual and cultural life of the West. 11. ［A］unconsciously ［B］disproportionately［C］indefinitely ［D］unaccountably （2008）
doubt
【真题考查词义】
1. v.对……无把握，不能肯定
【真题考查搭配】
2. no ~无疑，很可能
3. in ~不肯定，拿不准
【真题扩充词汇】
4. ~ful a. （人）拿不定主意的；（事）不大可能；（形势）不明朗，可能便遭；（质量等）低劣的
【精选真题例句】
1.Annie hesitated for a moment before stepping through the doorway where, almost at once, she stopped 6 before a green armchair.
6. ［A］doubted［B］wondered［C］puzzled［D］delighted（1986）
2. That would probably be more than enough for any medium sized city even in the hottest summer! But no doubt a use could be found for it.（1989）
3. A shop keeper always runs a certain 2（risk）when he accepts a cheques and he is quite 3（within）his rights if on occasion, he refuses to do so. People do not always know this and are shocked if their good faith is called
4.
4. ［A］in difficulty［B］in doubt［C］in earnest［D］in question（1987）
4. 1（Neither）kind of sleep is at all well understood, but REM sleep is 2（assumed）to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non REM sleep is even more 3 .
3. ［A］subtle［B］obvious ［C］mysterious ［D］doubtful（1995）
improve
【真题考查词义】
1. v.改进，改善
【精选真题例句】
1. He may also need money to construct irrigation 6 and improve his farm in other ways. （2000）The colonists health 6 with the warm weather and their better diet.
6. ［A］strengthened［B］regained［C］recovered［D］improved（1988）
interest。