小学英语时态复习总结.docx

小学英语时态复习
（一）关于四种时态
A.一般现在时：
（1）描述经常发生的事情，通常句子中会有提示词出现，如—often, usually, always. Sometimes, every day（week, year...） on Sundays 等词连用等。

（2）陈述客观事实。

结构：主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he, she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时，动词后加s或es.特殊情况：当主语是第三人称单数时，动词也要使用第三人称单数形式。

（可以简称为动词的三单形式。

）
肯定句否定句一般疑问句特殊疑问句
I am a cook. I am not a cook Are you a cook? What do you do?
He helps sick people. He doesn't help sick people. Does he help sick people? What does he do? 动词三
单的变化：
1.一般情况，词尾加s: work---works, get---gets, stay---stays, ask---asks
2.以ch, sh, s, x 或o 结尾的，力口es: watch---watches, wish---wishes , fix---fixes, do---does, go—goes, pass---passes, wash-washes,
3.以“辅音字母+y"结尾的，变y 为i,再加es: try---tries, study---studies, cry---cries, fly---flies 2.不规则变化：be——is are , have——has
一般现在时的句型转换：
（1）当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词（can等等）提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.
例：①陈述句：She is a student. 疑问句一Is she a student?否定句一She is not a student.
②陈述句：I can swim.疑问句—Can you swim?否定句—I can not swim.
（2）当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do （you,以及复数）,does （单数she,he,it）变成问句；在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don't （I,you,以及复数）, doesn't （单数she,he,it）变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。

例：①陈述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning.
疑问句一Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?
否定句一We don't get up at 7:00 every morning.
②陈述句：She has a little brother.
疑问句一Does she have a little brother?
否定句一She doesn't have a little brother.
B.现在进行时：
1.用法：①现在正在进行或发生的动作
例：I am reading an English book now. 我现在正在读一本英语书。

②当前一段时期内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作
例：They are living in Beijing these days.他们这些天一直住在北京。

2.与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：
now, these days, Look!, Listen!, It is seven o'clock.等的提示
3.现在进行时的构成：主语+be+动词现在分词
4.现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答：
(1)肯定式：be+v-ing She is singing in the next room.
(2)否定式：be+not+v-ing The students aren^ cleaning the room.
(3)一般问句：be动词提前。

肯定答语Yes,主语+be,否定答语No,主语+benot。

Are you playing the computer game? Yes, I am. /No, I am not.
(4)特殊问句：对谓语动词进行提问的：What+be +主语+doing+其他？
What is the old man doing under the tree?
对其他成份进行提问的，疑问词+一般疑问句？
Where is the boy swimming? Who is she waiting for?
5.动词现在分词的构成：
(1)大部分动词是在其原形后直接加-ing,如：
do-doing,clean-cleaning,cook-cooking,eat-eating,help-helping,wash-washing,watch-watching (2)以不发音e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing,如：
make-making,write-writing,take-taking,skate-skating,have-having,ride-riding
(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，则应先双写这个字母，再加-ing, 如：sit-sitting, swim-swimming, put-putting, run-running
6.有些动词的现在进行时表示将要发生，常见的有go, come, leave, fly, move, start, arrive, do
例：I am corning.我马上就来(将会来)
He is leaving Wuhan for Beijing,他将离开武汉去北京(将离开)
What is Jim dohiR on vacation? 吉姆度假打算做什么？(将做什么)
C.一般过去时：表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now; a moment ago; ... ago; yesterday; last （ week; month; year; Monday; weekend）; this morning 等词连用。

结构：主语+be动词的过去式（was; were）或主语+动词的过去式。

注意be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。

问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原；否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。

1、一般过去时的各种句型转换：
⑴一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答：
e.g.: A: Did you catch any fish?B: Yes, I did./No, I didn't.
⑵由Where, What和Why引导的特殊疑问句的问答：
A: Where did you go for the holiday? B: I went to a farm.（重在回答地点）
A: What did you do for the holiday? B:I visited the Shanghai Museum.（重在事情。

）
A：Why did you call me? B: Because I wanted to give you the fish.（重在陈述原因。

）
（3）由How引导的特殊疑问句的问答：
A： How was your holiday? B: It was great fun.
含有行为动词的过去式句型变化：
例如：They went to the park last weekend.
改为否定句：They didiTt go to the park last weekend.
第一步：主语后+didn，t（助动词否定式）第二步：将动词过去式还原went……go 改为一般疑问句：Did they go to the park last weekend.
第一步：Did （助动词）置于句首第二步：将动词过去式还原went……go
第三步：将句号改为问号
对划线部分提问：They went to the park last weekend.
What did they do last weekend? 套用特殊疑问句：What did ...do...?
2> there be结构在一般过去时的各种句型转换：
There be结构的组成：There was/were +名词短语+方位短语.
（数量词+名词）
（1）肯定句：
e.g,: Long long ago, there was a king. / There were a lot of people in the street.
（2）否定句：在be动词was或were后+not, some要改成any.
e.g,: There were some people in the street.（否定句）
There were not any people in the street.
(3)一般疑问句及其肯定和否定回答:
e.g.: A: Was there a house on the mountain?B: Yes, there was. / No, there wasn't.
(4)有关there be的特殊疑问句的问答：
Al： What was in front of the lion's house?(针对名词短语提问)
B1: There were some flowers .
A2: How many houses were there on the mountain?(针对数量词提问)
B2: There was one.
3、动词在一般过去时中的变化：
a、be动词在一般过去时中的变化：was/were.
b、规则动词的一般过去时的四种变化：
(1)直接+ed： work-worked, look-looked
(2)以不发音的e 结尾+d： live -lived, hope-hoped, use-used
(3)辅音+y 结尾的，变y 为i, +ed： study- studied, carry-carried, worry-worried
(4)末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再+ed： stop-stopped, shop-shopped, plan-planned
4、规则动词过去式+ed的发音规律：清碰清读作/t/,浊碰浊读作/d/,元音之后要读/d/, /t//d/之后读/id/ o
一般过去时情态动词的句型转换：
(1)could引导的一般过去时的否定句，在could之后加not： could not=couldn，t
Six years ago, I could write.(否定句) Six years ago, I couldn't write.
(2)could引导的一般过去时的一般问句，将could调至句首：
Mike could read and draw,(—般问句)Could Mike read or draw?
(3)could引导的特殊问句：特殊疑问句+could引导的一般问句：
They could ride a bike/对画线部分提问)
Could they Rde a bik^l(用do what 替换)？
What could they do ?
D.一般将来时：表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。

一般将来时的时间状语：
1.含next 的短语：next week/day/month/term o
2.含tomorrow 的短语：the day after tomorrow 后天tomorrow morning/evening/aftemoon o
3.含in的短语，后跟一段时间，表示“以现在为起点，多长时间后"。

比如：in two days 在两天后，in a month 一个月以后。

4.含this的短语，表示与现在相比较，将来的某个时候this Wednesday/Sunday/weekendo
5.when引导的时间状语从句。

6.单个短语。

soon 不久；tonight 今晚；some day/ one day 将来的某一天；in the future 在未来；before long不久后；from now on从现在开始。

句子结构：
1.肯定句：
①be going to do （do指动词原形，be有is, am , are三种形式，它随人称变化而变化）
②will+ do
2.否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won't o
例如:I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon.一I'm not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
3.一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。

例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend, 一Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
4.对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有以下几种情况。

※问人，例如：I'm going to New York soon, —Who's going to New York?
※问干什么，例如：My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon, —What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
※问什么时候，例如：She*s going to go to bed at nine. —When is she going to bed?
※问地点，例如：We are going to meet at the school gate. 一Where are you going to meet?
同义句:be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天）.=I will go swimming tomorrow.
一般将来时也可以用“will”表示：
will表小"将；将会；会，要”，表小将来的动作或状态。

will作为助动词，本身无人称和数的变化，后跟动词原形。

will与be going to两者都可表示将来发生的事、将要去做某事，但他们有如下几点区别：
1.will表示将来时间较远一些，be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情。

如：
I will write a book one day.我将来有一天要写一本书。

I am going to draw a picture this evening. 我今天晚上要画一幅画。

2.will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情，be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情。

He will be twenty years old.我要20 岁了。

3.be going to含有“计划，准备”的意思，而“will”则没有这个意思。

例如：
He is going to have a picnic.他打算去野营。

He will be here in twenty minutes.他在20 分钟内到这里。

4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to,而多用willo如：
If it is rainy tomorrow, Til go with you.如果明天下雨，我会和你一起去。

5.表示有迹象表明要发生某事，只能用be going to,不能用wilL例如：
Look at the clouds, ifs going to rain heavily,瞧瞧这些云，要下大雨。

will句子结构：
肯定句:主语+ will + 动词原形...，如：He will find many interesting things.
一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形...？如：
Will she go to the park this Sunday?这个星期天她要去公园吗？
Will they have a picnic tomorrow?明天他们要去野餐吗？
否定句：主语+ won,t（will not 的缩写）+ 动词原形...，如：I won,t tell him about it.我不会告诉他这件事的。

（二）关于动词、名词、形容词、副词、介词的用法总结
一：动词
1.加动词原形
情态动词（can, could, shall, should, must, will, would, may）+动词原形.它们的否定形式也是加动词原形。

help+动词原形have to+动词原形Let +宾格+动词原形
Lefs +动词原形shall we +动词原形（我们做....好吗？）
1). We must(look) at the traffic lights.
2). Mike often helps his mother(do) housework.
3). It is going to rain. I have to(go) home quickly.
4).It's Friday today. What will she(do) this weekend?
5) .We shouldn't(eat) too much sweet food because it is bad for teeth.
6) . Let Su Hai(help) you. She is good at English.
2. 加动词不定式（即介词to+动词原形） try +to (do)俵示试着做某事)can't wait +to(do)(表示等不及做某事)
reuse ...... t o ......... 再利用 .. 来做 .... start +to do begin +to do 开始做什么事
练习：
1) Hi, Tom. How (到达你家)？
2) The girls wants(go) shopping with her mother. 3 ) Don't forget(look) out for the cars when you cross the roads.
4) I am very happy(be) your new English teacher.
5) To protect the Earth, we can use plastic bottles(make) vases.
6 ) We need(buy) a lot of things for the party.
7 ) You need( clean )you desk.
8) The students are trying(follow) the orders. 9) I can't wait to(eat) the cake.
10) We reuse old newspapers( make ) paper flowers.
3.加动词ing
be+动词ing (现在进行时态)，go +动词ing (表示去干什么事，通常指去做某项运动)go swimming , go fishing, go shopping. No+动词ing (在标志类名称中：No+动词ing, drinking, No parking) like+动词 ing begin++动词 ing be good at+动词 ing 不是祈使句，放在句子开头的动词要加ing
1) No(park) here.
2) Helen likes( drink) cola very much.
3 ) Stop(shout) so loudly, mother is sleeping.
4) How about(go) to the park this Saturday morning?
5 ) Liu Tao does well in(play) table tennis.
6) (study) hard is a good habit for all the students.
7 ) Tom would like(go)(swim) with(he) father this afternoon.
4. 加形容词的动词有:be 动词，系动词(keep, look, feel, get, stay, become, make, smell, sound, turn.)
want +to++动词原形 need +to++动词原形 Let +宾格+动词原形 how +to++动词原形
would like +to++动词原形
use... to+动词原形 It's time +to+动词原形 be happy +to++动词原形 forget +to+动词原形 finish +动词 ing, i love+动词 ing
stop+动词 ing do well in+动词 ing
No smoking, No littering, No eating or (完成做什么事)
start+动词 ing how aboutAVhat about+动词 ing
介词+动词ing
1). We should keep our classroom(clean).
2). I didn't do my homework yesterday and my English teacher (get) (angrily).
5.V. sb. sth.=V. sth. to sb.
1). show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.给某人看某物/向某人展示某物
show me your new clothes=show your new clothes to me 为我看你的新衣月艮
2). give sb. sth, =give sth. to sb.给某人某物/把某物给某人
give him a book = give a book to him 给他一本书/把一本书给他
3). send an email to her = send her an email给她发封邮件/发封邮件给她
4). write ..... t o (写.. 给谁) She writes an email to me ------------------- She writes me an email. write letters to them = write them letters 给他们写信/写信给他们
5).特别注意：buy sb sth = buy sth for sb给某人买某物/买某物给某人
6.其它动词短语固定搭配
(1)look
look at 看 .. (=have a look at) look at the blackboard 看黑板
look for 寻找(强调过程)look for my kite寻找我的风筝
find找到(强调结果)find my kite 找到了我的风筝
look after 照顾look after their grandparents 照顾他们的爷爷奶奶
take care of爱护；照顾take care of children^ teeth照顾孩子们的牙齿
care about关心，在乎care about our teeth关心/在乎我们的牙齿
look out当心小心提防(提醒别人，作为固定词组单独使用) Look out, the floor is wet. Danger! Please look out.危险！当心！
look out for小心提防....... (后面需要跟小心提防什么事物)Look out for cars and bikes. look out of...朝..... 看look out of the window 朝窗外看
(2). here/there/home这三个地点副词前面没有to
come here 过来go there 去那儿get there到达那
come/go home 回家get home 到家
例外：go to your home去你家get to my home到我家
(3)walk
walk on继续走walk by走过，路过walk through穿过
(4)up
wake...up吵醒，叫醒wake the lion叩吵醒狮子
pick ...up捡起pick it/them up把它/它们捡起来(代词it,them放中间)
climb叩爬上climb up the hill爬上小山
get up起床
(5). away
fly away 飞走drive...away 赶走go away 走了，离开move...away fh)m ...从...搬走
(6) . into/onto
pour...into 把 ..... 倒入 go into 走进，进入 hold onto 抓紧 take... into...带入 .... turn into 变成
come out /get out 出来 find out 发现 go back to ...回去 how long 多久 just then 就在那时
justright 正合适，正好 let ... go 释放，放开next to 在 ............ 旁边
brush one 9s teeth 刷牙
do one 9s homework 做家作 make friends 交朋友
like... very much 非常喜欢 .... like running very much 非常喜欢跑步 have a good （great ）time ,
cheer fbr...欢呼
cheer for them 为他们欢呼
ask...for help 向 .... 求助 ask me for help 向我求助
be good fbr...对 ..... 有益 be good for your body 对你的身体有益 be bad for...对 ..... 有害 be bad for your eyes
对你的眼睛有害
be late for...迟到
be late for school 上学迟到 be ready for..,准备好 ..... be ready for class 准备好上课
be afraid of.., 害怕 ..... be afraid of bears 害怕熊
buy ...for...为 ..... 买 ... buy a present for my friend 为我的朋友买个礼物 buy...from... 从 .... 买 ... buy things from shops 从商店里买东西 make....fbr....为....做 .... make a card for your mother 为你妈妈做张贺卡 write... for...为 ..... 写 .... write stories for children 为孩子们写故事
bring...from... A .......... 带 .... bring some fruit from home 从家里带些水果 bring...for... 为 ..... 带 ... bring a book for me 为我带本书 bring...to...带 .... 去 ...
bring snacks to the party
带零食去派对
(7)其它词：about, with, from, for, around 等
get... from...从 ...... 得到
get red packets from my grandparents 从我祖父母那得到红包 wait for...等待
wait for the bus 等公交
wait for me 等我
read newspapers for news 读报获取新闻 be/go on an outing 远足 far from 离 远 make a sentence with ...用 ..... 造句 show .. .around 带 .... 参观 learn about... 学习 .....
tell you about The UK 告诉你关于英国的事 ask ...about....问....关于 .....
want to be a cook 想成为一个厨师 watch news on the Internet 网上看新闻 have a picnic 野餐 come(be) from 来自 play with...和 ..... 一起玩 travel around the world 环游世界 talk about... 谈论 ..... be excited about 对 .... 兴奋
ask Sam about Bobby 向山姆问关于鲍比的事
ask me about the book 向我问那本书
leave ... behind 留下，丢下
have a lot of fun, have some fun 过得开心，玩得快乐
between two boys 两个男孩之间have a try 试一试make snowmen 堆雪人
fly a kite（fly kites）放风筝be busy 忙碌的fall into 摔倒slip on 滑倒project课题do a project做/研究个课题poster海报make a poster做张海报
little小的，年幼的a little boy 一个小男孩litter乱扔垃圾letter信二：量词：
a lot of/lots of许多/some/any —些+可数名词复数或不可数名词,（alot,很，非常，后面不可跟名词，修饰动词，放在动词后，如：Don，t eat a lot.不要吃太多）,many （许多）/ a few
（几个）+可数名词复数,much （许多）/alittle （一点儿）+不可数名词
many toys 许多玩具
a lot of noodles/bread 许多面条/面包some vegetables/water 一些蔬菜/水
a few eggs 几个鸡蛋 a little cola 一点可乐
对可数名词数量提问用how many （多少），对不可数名词数量提问用how much much （许多）+不可数名词much tea 许多茶
too many （太多）+可数名词复数too many students太多学生
too much （太多）+不可数名词too much milk 太多牛奶
1.Drinking（too many/ too much） cola is bad for health.
2.It usually rains（ a lot/ a lot of） at this time of year.
三：冠词
1.不定冠词:a/an,表示泛指，a用于以辅音音素开始的单词前，an用于以辅音音素开始的单词前
2.定冠词the的用法
(1) 球类前面不加the play football/table tennis 踢足球/打乒乓球
(2) 月份前面不加the in January/February 在一月/在二月
(3) 乐器前面加the play the piano/guitar 弹钢琴/吉他
(4) 四个传统节日加the r Spring Festival 春节
Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
<
Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
、Double Ninth Festival 重阳节
(5)holiday 前加the the National Day holiday 国庆节
(on holiday度假中，没有the)
(6)景点前加the 「the Bund (上海)外滩
the Shanghai Museum 上海博物馆
the Great Wall 长城the Palace Museum 故宫
the Summer Palace 颐和园
(Tiananmen Square 前面不加the)
(7)序数词前加the on the second floor在二楼the third girl第三个女孩
日期：the+序数词+of+月份
(8)其他the next day 第二天
四：介词：
介词(for, about, of, at, in, on , .......... )后面跟动词ing.介词后面的人称代词要用宾格。

Mike is good at( run).
What about(go) fishing?
在某个节日可以用on/at：
(1)节日中有Day的用on,如：on Children's Day on Christmas Day
(2)节日中没有Day 用at,如：at Spring Festival, at Halloween at Christmas.
l.in的用法
(1).在...里/上
in the kitchen 在厨房in the forest 在森林里in the playground 在操场上
in the tree在树上(指不长在树上) on the tree在树上(指长在树上的) (2)时间
the apples on the tree 树上的苹果the monkeys on the tree 树上的猴子
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/下午/晚上
in May / June在五月/六月in three days三天内in the future在将来/未来
(3)其它
in a healthy diet在健康的饮食in your meals在你的餐点中
go in进入in front of在...前面(方位上的)before在......... 之前(时间上的)
in front of the house 房子前面before bedtime 睡前
2.on的用法
(1)在某一天前面用on, on Monday/Tuesday AVednesday/Thursday 在周一 /周二 / 周三/周四on the second of March 在三月二日on Mother's Day 在母亲节on your birthday 在你生日(2)某一天的早中晚
on Friday morning 在周五早上
(3)其它
on Saturday afternoon 在周六下午
on your left/right 在你左边/右边put on a play 上演/表演一出戏from then on从那时起put on 穿上(take off 脱下)
try on 试穿get on 上车(get off T车) go on继续(go well进展顺利)
3. at 的用法 (1) .时间
at eleven (o ,clock)在十一点 at night 在夜里
at the traffic lights 在交通信号灯处
(3) 其它 point at...指着，指向 point at the king 指着国王 laugh at 笑，大笑(laughed 过去式)laugh at me 笑我 shout at 朝 ... 喊
shout at that old man 朝那个老人喊
4,介词+交通工具
介词短语
动词短语
步行
on foot
walk I go to school on foot. =I walk to school. 乘公交车 by bus take a bus I go home by bus.
I take a bus home.
骑自行车 by bike ride a bike
乘地铁 by metro take a metro 乘出租车 by taxi take a taxi 乘飞机 by plane take a plane 乘小汽车 by car take a car 乘轮船 by ship
take a ship 乘船
by boat
take a boat
五：名词
1. 以结尾的名词单数变成复数
(1)植物类有生命的加 es ： tomatoes, potatoes, mangoes, (2) 无生命的加 s ： pianos, radios, photos, 2. 名词以"oo"结尾的只加"s" : zoos, kangaroos. 3. 名词以“y”结尾的：
(1) "以辅音字母+y”的名词单数变复数要去y 加ies,名词有如：hobbies, diaries libraries, babies., families, parties
动词原形变第三人称单数的有：flies., tries, carries, studies, copies, (2) “元音字母+ y"结尾的名词单数变复数直接加s, 名词有如:holidays, monkeys, keys, days,
ways, boys, toys
动词原形变第三人称单数的有：plays, stays, says, buys,
at weekends 在周末
at a time 一次 at this festival 在这个节日 (2) 地点 at school 在学校 at the party 在派对
at Park Station 在公园站
at Christmas 在圣诞节 at first 起先，最初
at home 在家
at a snack bar 在小吃店
at the train station 在火车站
at Chinese New Year 在中国新年
at last 最后
at Mike's house 在麦克家 at a shopping centre 在购物中心 at the bus stop 在公交车站 at the school gate 在校门口
a. For lunch, he eats some(tomato) and(a few) rice.
b. The girl usually(fly) kites with(she) friends at weekends. 六：形容词
excited (兴奋的)，exciting(令人兴奋的)，
interested (感兴趣的)，interesting (某物/事是有趣的)看主语，主语是人+ed,主语是物+ing. 1. The children are( excited/ exciting). 2. The football game is very( excited/ exciting).
3. The table tennis match is very ( excited/ exciting). They are watching ( excited/ exciting/ excitedly ).
4. Children are(interested/ interesting) in ________________________ games.
七：副词：表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词，动词短语，加强描绘词组或整个句子 的词。

1. The girl dances(beautiful)
2. The boys (高兴地喊)now.
3. Sam is very today. He is crying.(sad)
4. My father is reading newspapers( quiet) in the study.
5. You're(real) good at playing football. 八、其他
l.
be (am. is, are, was, were) + 形容词 Nancy is a beautiful
girl. My English is good.
I feel happy, She looks sad. 后面跟形容词。

Keep our classroom clean. Stay A The children are tired It was sunny yesterday. 3. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- be + 天气类形容词(sunny, cloudy, windy, rainy, snowy, foggy ------------------------------------------------ 特征：以 y 结尾)
It'srainy today. The weather became windy and cloudy.
没有 be 就用动词： It rained heavily yesterday. It rains a lot 区别：rain (动词，下雨) It rained yesterday. 昨天下雨了
rain (不可数名词，雨水) There is a lot of rain in summer here.这儿的夏天有大 量的雨
水。

rainy(形容词，多雨的，雨天)it is rainy today.今天是雨天。

4.
不可数名词：(1)液体类：milk, juice, coffee, cola, tea, oil, water, rain, porridge
(2)难数的：hair, paper, bread, meat, fish, rice, coal,
〉用单数 is,
(3) 抽象类(或总称)：energy, plastic, wood, food, fruit, cereal,rubbish, sweet food 或过去的
2.感观动词(feel, look, sound, smell,taste A
keep (保持)，stay (保持)，make (使...) safe on the road.
Be 动词 (am, is are,was,were)
was.
5.总是以复数形式
（1）食品类：vegetables, noodles, sweets,
（2）特殊类：people, fish（活鱼的复数），
（3）成双成对类：shoes, jeans, trousers, socks, gloves, chopsticks, glasses,
（三）固定搭配
一. 动词不定式：
Ifs time to do = Ifs time for （doing） sth.该做某事了。

want to do=would like to do 想要做某事go /come to do 去/来做某事
how to do怎样做某事try to do试着做某事need to do需要做某事
二. 动名词
No + doing禁止做某事start\go\like doing开始'去'喜欢做某事
What \How about doing...?做某事怎么样
be good at doing sth. / do well in doing sth.擅长做某事
learn about doing sth. 学习关于....
三. 动词的常用固定词组：
1.like+名词复数（喜欢某物）
2.would like sth. = want sth.（想要某物）
would like to + do=want to + do （想要做某事）
3.know
know a lot about sth. （了解很多关于...）know sb.well （很了解某人）
4.talk
talk to sb. about sth.（和某人谈论某事）talk about sth.（谈论某事）talk to /with sb.（和某人交谈）
5.ask
ask sb. about sth.（问某人关于某事）ask sb. to do sth.（要求某人做某事）
ask sb. for help （向某人求助）
6.1ook
look for （寻找）注重过程find （找到）注重结果
look at 看着look after 照料look around 环顾
look out of （从.. 往外看）look out （ for）当心....
7.play
play + 球类play the + 乐器
play with sbAsth.（和某人玩' 拿某物玩）
8.有两种表达方式的动词词组
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.（给某人某物--把某物给某人）
show sb. sth. =show sth. to sb.（给某人看某物-把某物给某人看）
tell sb. sth,=tell sth. to sb.
write sb. a letter\an email =write a letter\an email to sb.
send sb. a letter\an email =send a letter\an email to sb.
buy sb. sth.= buy sth. for sb.（为某人买某物一买某物给某人）
9.其他动词词组
make sth. for sb.（为某人做某物）help sb.（to） do sth.（帮助某人做某事）
let sb. do sth.（让某人做某事）want to be （想要成为.... ）
show sb. around ...（带某人参观某处）
have ...for breakfast\lunch\dinner （吃 .... 作为早餐 | 午餐\| 晚餐）
care about sth.（关心在意某事）move ...away from...（从某处搬走某物）
wake sb.叩（把某人叫醒）cheer for sb.（为某人欢呼、喝彩或加油）
pour...into...（把.... 倒入.... ）take...into... （把.... 带进.... ）
put...in order （把... 放得井井有条）hold onto...（抓紧抓牢某物）
listen to ...（听..... ）point at... （指着.... ）
wait for sb,\sth.（等待某人'某物）
10.pick it/them up把它（它们）捡起（it, them只能放中间）
wake him up try it on
pick the book up = pick叩the book把书捡起（具体东西可放中间也可放后面，.与此相同用法的还有try on> put on> take off这些词组）
四、其它词组或固定用法。

How many+可数名词复数（多少 .... ）
a lot of = lots of = many （许多，用于可数名词）
a lot of = lots of = much （许多，用于不可数名词）
a few+名词复数
a little+不可数名词
be excited about sth.（对某事很激动兴奋）
（四）文化版块
五年级
1、Coffee is popular in western countries. Tea is popular in China.
咖啡在西方国家很流行。

茶在中国很流行。

2、In the UK, this is the ground floor. In the US, this is the first floor.
在英国，一楼是the ground floor,二楼才是the first floor.
在美国，一楼是the first floor.
3、You can see pandas in China. You can see bald eagles in the US.
You can see polar bears in Canada. You can see kangaroos in Australia.
你可以在中国看见熊猫。

你可以在美国看见白头秃鹰。

你可以在加拿大看见北极熊。

你可以在澳大利亚看见袋鼠
4、In the US, we call a policeman a "cop". In the UK, we call a firefighter a "fireman"在美国，我们叫警察为“cop”.在英国，我们叫消防员为“fireman”
5、We write Chinese addresses like this . !□□□□□□~~7U；addres-s-
北京市期阳区八里庄第三小学_
6、We write English addresses like this. 张华同学收name
一上*市黄浦江5第三地）
巨ddress
6、Basketball is very popular in the US. Football is very popular in the UK. Table tennis is very popular in China.
篮球在美国和流行。

足球在英国很流行。

乒乓球在中国很流行。

7、I like reading fairy tables. I like reading stories about the monkey King and Nezha.
我喜欢读童话故事。

我喜欢读美猴王和哪吒的故事。

8、In the UK, we ask "Where's the toilet?" In the US, we ask "Where's the restroom?^,
在英国，我们问“厕所（toilet）在哪里？”在美国，我们问“洗手间（restroom）在哪里？"
9、You have a fever .Your temperature is 102 °F. 102? Ifs 39 °C.
你发烧了，你的温度是102华氏度，39摄氏度。

10、I eat with chopsticks. I eat with a knife and fork.
杨玲说：我用筷子吃。

麦克说:我用刀叉吃。

11、Halloween is on the thirty-first of October. Children usually dress up. They knock on people's doors and shout "Trick or treat" for sweets.
万圣节在10月31日。

孩子们通常乔装打扮。

他们敲人们的门，并大声喊叫“不给糖就使坏” 12> People in the west usually open their presents as soon as they receive them 在西方国家的人们通常一收到礼物就把他们打开。

六年级文化常识
1.An American cowboy wears jeans. A Scottish man wears kilts.美国牛仔穿牛仔裤。

苏格兰男人穿
苏格兰格尼裙。

（这是他们有特色的民族服装）
2.There are three main school holidays in the UK. They are the Easter holiday, the summer holiday and
the Christmas holiday.在英国有三个主要的学校假期，他们是复活节（在每年春分3月21日月圆之后第一个星期日）假期，暑假和圣诞节假期（12.25） o
3.Halloween is on the thirty-first of October.万圣节在10 月31 日，为西方的鬼节。

人们wear
masks, make pumpkin lanterns, play a game called "trick or treat"（不招待就使坏）。

4.The Americans invented the aeroplane. The British invented the train.美国人发明了滑翔机，英
国人发明了火车。

5.In the UK, people call the metro "underground".在英国，人们把地铁称为"underground"。

In the
US, people call the metro "subway".在美国，人们把地铁称为“subway"。

6.Earth Day is on 22nd April. World Environment Day is on 5th June.地球日在4 月22 日。

世界环
境日在6月5日。

7.Christmas is the most important holiday in the UK.圣诞节是英国最重要的假期。

（其实，
西方国家最重要的节日一般都是圣诞节）Chinese New Year is the most important festival in China.
We also call it “Spring Festival”.中国农历新年是中国最重要的假期。

我们也把它叫做春节。

（New Year.新年Happy New Year.元旦快乐。

Chinese New Year中国农历新年，春节Chinese New Year's Day 大年初一Chinese New Year's Eve 除夕）Thanksgiving is a very important holiday in the US.感恩节是美国一个重要的假期。

8.This is Aesop s Fables. You can find many animal stories in it.
这是一本《伊索寓言》。

你可以在里面找到许多动物故事。

This is a Chinese idiom book. You can also find many animal stories in it. 这是一本中国成语书。

你可以在它里面找到许多动物故事。

9.Chinese people often have some porridge and steamed buns for breakfast.。