英语句子基本结构及练习

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英语句子的基本句型和成分(含例题及答案解析)

英语句子的基本句型和成分(含例题及答案解析)

句子基本结构和成分1句子基本句型英语基本句型分为五种:主谓SV、主谓宾SVO、主系表SLP、主谓双宾SVOO、主谓宾宾补SVOC。

五种句型概述:句型主语谓语/系动词宾语/表语备注主谓SV Everybody laughed.主系表SLP She is a teacher.主谓宾SVO I love you.主谓双宾SVOO David asked me a question.其中‘me’和‘a question’两个宾语。

主谓宾宾补SVOC They painted the wall white.其中,white 为宾补修饰宾语the wall。

1.1主谓句型(Subject Predicate Verb-SV)1.1.1解析主谓句型与主谓宾句型最大的区别在于谓语动词的及物与不及物。

英语把及物动词叫做 transitive verb,不及物动词叫做intransitive verb.”transitive”在英语中是传递的意思,所以,如果动词表示的动作可以直接传递到某个事物,则称为及物动词,反之称为不及物动词。

及物动词与不及物动词又可以称为外动作词和内动作词。

外动作词是动作涉及或(达到)别的事物的动词,内动作词是动作凝于或止于主体本身的动词。

1.1.2基本结构:主语+不及物动词1.1.3主语可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),数词,动词不定式,动名词等。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家。

1.1.4谓语谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后,后接宾语。

但谓语可以是不及物动词(vi.),没有宾语,形成主谓结构。

1.1.5例句分析:(1)The sun is rising. 太阳正在升起。

(2)Tim is sleeping. 蒂姆正在睡觉。

(3)The train is arriving.火车要到站了。

(4)We waited and waited. 我们等了又等。

句子结构+答案

句子结构+答案

句子结构知识(一)一、学习目标1.通过学习英语基本的句子结构,能够帮助你明白纷繁复杂折英语句子到底有什么规律,今后看到再复杂的句子都可以不发怵,从容地把它们拆开再安装。

2.通过学习句子结构,我们会明白英语其实只是由五个简单句子为基础而构造的一门语言。

在此基础上,我们可以随意组成并列句和复合句(也就是用从句来充当主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语而已)。

3.学为划分句子成分,统一为下列符号:主语、谓语、宾语、(定语)、<宾语补足语>、【状语】。

二、五种简单句1. S + Vi. (主语+不及物动词),注:简单句句型指的是主谓宾和宾语等主干成分,定语、状语这两个次要成分没关系。

Tom left.Winter is coming.His father has gone abroad.The baby is crying in the next room.He works in a big company.We have lived in the cities for ten years.请仿写几个句子:1)我们必须努力学习。

2) 我经常头痛。

3)那家水果店已经关门了。

4)你昨天游泳了吗?2. S+ Vt. + O (主语+及物动词+宾语)I like pop music.She knows what to do next.I usually do my homework at home in the evening.He began learning English 10 years ago.He has decided to work harder at English.5)你喜欢苹果吗?6)我记得他的电话号码。

7)老师说良好的开端是成功的一半。

3. S + V + P (主语+连系动词+表语)She is happy today.She felt happy.My father is a math teacher.The Lijiang River looks especially beautiful in the early morning.Please keep silent.注:表语通常由形容词、名词充当。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习简单句的五个基本句型❖主语+不及物动词She came..❖主语+及物动词+宾语She likes English.❖主语+系动词+主语补语❖She is happy.❖主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语❖She gave John a book.❖She bought a book for me.❖主语+动词+宾语+宾语补语❖She makes her mother angry.❖The teacher asked me to read the passage.❖There +be There lies a book on the desk.主谓宾❖名/代--动词--名/代❖we-- saw --you.❖we-- did --the work.❖主系表❖名/代-系动词-形容次/名词/代词❖you are beautiful❖you seems worried.❖you are a stufent.❖相同点都三部分,主语也一样.不同动词和系动词,时态一样,否定式不同.动词加助动词,系动词不用.表语可以是形容词,宾语不行.只有宾语有补足语2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:❖主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语;❖1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”;通常用名词或代词担任;❖如:I’m Miss Green.我是格林小姐❖2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做什么”;主要由动词担任;❖如:Jack cleans the room every day. 杰克每天打扫房间❖3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”;通常由名词、代词或形容词担任;❖如:My name is Ping ping .我的名字叫萍萍4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”;通常由名词或代词担任;❖如:He can spell the word.他能拼这个词❖有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人;指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语;间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面;❖如:He wrote me a letter . 他给我写了一封信❖有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语;如:He wrote a letter to me .他给我写了一封信5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任;如:Shanghai is a big city .上海是个大城市6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任;如:He works hard .他工作努力7、宾语补足语用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么,通常由形容词或动词充当;❖如:They usually keep their classroom clean.他们通常让教室保持清洁/❖He often helps me do my lessons.他常常帮我做功课/❖The teacher wanted me to learn French all by myself.老师要我自学法语8☆同位语通常紧跟在名词、代词后面,进一步说明它的情况;❖如:Where is your classmate Tom 你的同学汤姆在哪里1. 主语subject:句子说明的人或事物;The sun rises in the east 名词He likes dancing. 代词Twenty years is a short time in history. 数词Seeing is believing. 动名词To see is to believe.不定式What he needs is a book.主语从句It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语一指出下列句中主语的中心词①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.②There is an old man coming here.③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.谓语predicate:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或状态,常用动词或者动词词组担任,放在主语的后面;We study English. He is asleep.二. 选出句中谓语的中心词①I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall②The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer③Do you usually go to school by busA. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon3. 表语predicative:系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征;He is a teacher. 名词You don’t look it. 代词Five and five is ten. 数词He is asleep. 形容词His father is in. 副词The picture is on the wall. 介词短语My watch is gone / missing / lost. 形容词化的分词The question is whether they will come. 表语从句常见连系动词❖“存在”类:表示存在或具有某种特征或状态.这类连系动词强调“存在”;常见的有:be 是,look看起来,feel摸上去,seem似乎是,appear似乎、显得,prove证明是,smell闻起来,taste尝起来,sound听起来等;❖例如: The story sounds true.❖Those oranges taste good star.2. “持续”类:表示某种情况或状态的持续;这类连系动词强调“持续”;常见的有:remain依然,keep保持,stay保持,continue继续、仍旧,stand处于某状况或情形等;例如: Why don't you put the meat in the fridgeIt will stay fresh for several days.It's already ten in the morning.The store remains closed.What's the matter3. “变化”类:表示由一种情况或状态变化成另一种情况或状态;这类连系动词强调“变化”后的情况或状态.常见的有:become变成, turn变成, grow变得, get变得等;❖例如: Put the fish in the fridge, or it will go bad in hot weather.三挑出下列句中的表语①The old man was feeling very tired.②Why is he worried about Jim③The leaves have turned yellow.④Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤She was the first to learn about it.①tired ②worried ③yellow ④interested ⑤first4. 宾语:1动宾表示行为的对象,常由名词或者代词担任;放在及物动词或者介词之后;如:I like China. 名词He hates you. 代词How many do you need We need two. 数词I enjoy working with you. 动名词I hope to see you again. 不定式Did you write down what he said 宾语从句2介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snakeUnder the snow, there are many rocks.3双宾语-----间宾指人和直宾指物He gave me a book yesterday.Give the poor man some money四挑出下列句中的宾语❖①My brother hasn't done his homework.❖②People all over the world speak English.❖③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.❖④How many new words did you learn last class❖❖⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming.❖his homework ②English ③your pronunciation ④new words ⑤to go swimming 5. 宾补:对宾语的补充,全称为宾语补足语;❖We elected him monitor. 名词❖We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. 名词❖We will make them happy. 形容词❖We found nobody in. 副词❖Please make yourself at home. 介词短语Don’t let him do that. 省to不定式❖His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. 带to不定式❖Don’t keep the lights burning. 现在分词❖I’ll h ave my bike repaired. 过去分词扩展:❖主补:对主语的补充;❖He was elected monitor.❖She was found singing in the next room.❖He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.五挑出下列句中的宾语补足语❖①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.❖②He asked her to take the boy out of school.❖③She found it difficult to do the work.❖④They call me Lily sometimes.❖⑤I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.❖⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now❖❖①to read newspapers and books in the reading-room ②to take the boy out of school❖③Lily ④get on the bus ⑤playing football on the playground❖划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语❖①Please tell us a story.❖②My father bought a new bike for me last week.❖③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.❖④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.❖⑤Did he leave any message for me❖6. 定语:修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子;❖Yanling is a chemistry teacher.名词❖He is our friend. 代词❖We belong to the third world.数词❖He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.形容词❖The man over there is my old friend.副词❖The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. 介词The boys playing football are in Class 2. 现在分词The trees planted last year are growing well now. 过去分词I have an idea to do it well.不定式You should do everything that I do. 定语从句六挑出下列句中的定语❖①They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.❖②What is your given name❖❖③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.❖④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.❖⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.①family ②given ③third ④some ⑤downstairs7. 状语:用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子;表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步;以下例句按上述顺序排列❖I will go there tomorrow.❖The meeting will be held in the meeting room.❖The meat went bad because of the hot weather.❖He studies hard to learn English well.❖He didn’t st udy hard so that he failed in the exam.❖I like some of you very much.❖If you study hard, you will pass the exam.❖He goes to school by bike.❖Though he is young, he can do it well.七挑出下列句中的状语❖①There was a big smile on her face.❖②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.❖③He began to learn English when he was eleven.❖④The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.❖⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.❖①on the face ②Every night ③when he was eleven ④fast ⑤With the medicinebox under her arm八、同位语❖当一个概念词在前,后面的词、词组或者句子是在解释前者时,而且两者的语法功能相同,后者就是前者的同位语;❖Mr. Black, our English teacher, is a good tennis player.❖我们的英语老师——布莱克先生是个优秀的网球手;❖Football, the only interest in life, has brought him many friends.❖足球----他唯一的爱好,让他结交了许多朋友;Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.❖昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆;That’s her habit, reading in bed.❖躺在床上看书是她的习惯;❖Your suggestion, to strike while the iron is hot, seemed a good idea.❖你建议趁热打铁,这个建议很好;He gave orders that the work should be started immediately.❖他发出指示要立即开始工作;You still haven’t answered my question why you didn’t come to school yesterday.❖你还没有回答我昨天为什么没有上学;同位语从句常跟在某些名词后,对其作进一步的解释;这些名词包括:fact, doubt, idea, news,hope, indication, decision, possibility, assumption, suggestion, question.这类从句常常有that 引导,有时也可以用what, why, whether, when 等引导;九插入语❖插入语是说话者对所表达的意思的补充、强调、解释或者说话的态度,其位置灵活常常用逗号或者破折号分开,并且在语法上不影响其他成份;❖1. 插入语常以副词副词短语、形容词形容词短语、介词短语、短语等形式出现;❖ 1 常见的副词及短语:indeed, surely, however, obviously, frankly, naturally, luckily / happily for sb. certainly 等;九■There be 句型拓展:There be +句词词组”中,there为虚词,be后面的名词词组为句子的真正主语;该句式在使用时须注意如下几点:★There be句式表示“有”时,它表示一种存在关系,通常带有一个地点状语,意为“什么地方时候有……”;句式中的主语只能为表泛指的名词词组,此外,其主语还可以带前置或后置定语;例如:1. There is a blackboard in the classroom.2. There are five minutes to go.3. There are two old women waiting for you at the gate.★在正式文体中,该句式中be动词的单复数形式取决于以下两种情况:❖1该句式中只有一个主语,主语为单数时,be动词用单数;主语若为复数,be动词也用复数; ❖2该句式中有几个并列主语,则按就近原则处理,即与靠近be动词的第一个主语保持一致;例如:❖1. There is room for improvement.❖2. There are three apples on the table.❖3. There were only two pens, a dictionary and a textbook on the desk.★“There be +主语+不定式”中,不定式可以有主动和被动两种形式,不过在口语中主动形式更为常见;例如:1. There is a letter to type today.2. There is no time to lose.3. There are many things to be done now.★There be句式中,be动词有各种变化形式;1be动词有时态变化,可以为一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来时等;例如:1. There are a lot of people in the meeting-room.2. There was little left.3. There have been many such traffic accidents in the past few years.4. When he got there, he found there had been no one waiting for him in the room.5. Without air, there would be no living things.6. There is going to be a storm tomorrow morning.2There be句式中,be之前可以有情态动词;例如:❖1. There may be some people who don’t like the film.❖2. There used to be a temple in the village.句子种类一按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句;❖1 陈述句Declarative Sentences:说明一个事实或陈述一种看法;❖Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快;❖The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味;❖I haven’t got a camera. 我没有相机.❖They have never met before. 他们以前从没见过面.疑问句Interrogative Sentences:提出问题;有以下四种:a.一般疑问句General Questions:❖Can you finish the work in time❖你能按时完成工作吗❖b.特殊疑问句W Questions; H Questions❖Where do you live❖你住那儿❖How do you know that 你怎么知道那件事c.选择疑问句Alternative Questions:❖Do you want tea or coffee❖❖❖你是要茶还是要咖啡❖d.反意疑问句Tag-Questions:❖He knows her, doesn’t he❖❖他不认识她,对不对= Does he know her❖yes, he does.❖No , he doesn’t.3 祈使句Imperative Sentences:提出请求,建议或发出命令,例如:❖Sit down, please.请坐;❖Don't be nervous 别紧张4 感叹句Exclamatory Sentences:表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪,例如:❖What good news it is 多好的消息啊❖How good the news is❖What beautiful flowers they are 多美丽的花啊❖How beautiful the flowers are❖How lovely the child is 多可爱的小孩啊❖What a lovely child he is❖what a cute child he is二句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:❖1 简单句Simple Sentences:只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句,例如:❖She is fond of collecting stamps.❖她喜欢集邮;❖We all study hard.❖我们都努力学习.I love sports very much.❖我非常喜欢运动.❖Mum made a beautiful skirt for me.❖妈妈为我做了一条漂亮的裙子.❖We elected him our class president.❖我们选了他做班长.❖There are more than 3000 students in our school.❖我们学校的学生超过3000名.2 并列句Compound Sentences:由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句. ❖The food was good, but he had little appetite.❖食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口;❖Let’s hurry, or we will be late.❖咱们赶紧点,要不就迟到啦.❖He studied hard , and he passed the exam.❖他努力学习并通过了考试.❖He felt no fear, for he was very brave.❖他很勇敢,毫不畏惧.❖He was sick, so they were quiet.❖他病了,所以他们很安静.3 复合句Complex Sentences:包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词引导,例如:❖The film had begun when we got to the cinema.❖我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了;❖Do you know the man who is in the car❖你认识坐在汽车里的人吗❖❖What he said is not true.❖他说的不是实话.I know it’s difficult to master a foreign language.❖我知道学好一门外语不容易.❖The question is whether he will join us next time.❖问题是下次他是否跟我们一起干.❖The idea that Iraq could be taken within a week or two was an underestimation.❖伊拉克可以在一两周内就可以拿下的这一想法是估计不足的想法.❖To get into university = If you want to get into university you have to pass a number of exams.❖进入大学,你必须通过一系列的考试.元音和辅音的定义:发音时声带振动,呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍,这样形成的语音称为元音;不论声带振动与否,发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍,这样形成的语音称为辅音;发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音;发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音;巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二,四二六前中后双元音也好背,合口集中八个辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊,四个连对也包括;有气无声清辅音,有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握1. 音标必须写在括号里,常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种,其上端不顶第一线,大致与大写字母相齐,下端在第三格的中2. 音标没有书写体,也没有大小写,因此书写时必须和印刷体一样,直上直下,没有斜度,其书写规格如下所列;3. 下面几个音标是最容易写错的,一定要注意:ai和au不要写成Ai和Au,A:不要写成a:;在打字的时候,不要用a来代替A,把A:打成a:,也不要用g来代替G,把GE:l打成gE:l;4. 音标没有书写体,也没有大小写,因此书写时必须和印刷体一样,直上直下,没有斜度,其书写规格如下页所列元音音标学习元音概述:元音是有噪音的语音;形成元音时,声带振动,气流经由咽腔和口腔逸出时,不受到任何阻碍,没有可以听得到的摩擦声;英语里共有20个元音单元音12个,双元音8个;•元音之间的差异,是由发音时各发音器官所采取的不同位置形成的;所谓“不同位置”,指的是舌头的高低与前后,牙床的开合程度,以及唇形的大小和圆扁;但其中决定的因素是舌头的位置:舌头是在口腔的前部、中部或者后部,决定所发的音是前元音、中元音还是后元音;舌身隆起的高度以及舌的哪一部分隆起最高,决定发出的元音是开口元音、半开元音、合口元音、还是半合元音;牙床开合的程度是由舌位的高低所决定的,而双唇的圆扁和大小对形成不同的元音也有相当的影响;因此,描述一个元音的发音部位,主要是描述它的舌位和唇形; Lesson 1元音i: i ә: ә学习i: 发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea eee: me be she he we eveningee:sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three greenea:meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词;rain bean catfeet teacher dstar tree jeepsea fish thei 发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ay•i: pig fish in fifteen six ship thin•e: begin behind jacket basketball•y: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunny•lovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainy•ey: monkey money•ay:Sunday Saturday Friday根据发音规则,圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词; •sit kick lip•gift jam ship•picture big sister•lick pig jellyә: 发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear orer: her serve termir:bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirtur:nurse Thursday turtle purple curtainear:early learnor: word work world根据发音规则,圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词;beer thirsty wheat2. bank king her nursebird rabbit kneerun shirt termә发这个音的字母和字母组合ure er ar or a eure: pictureer:teacher brother dinner father sisterar: sugaror:doctora:panda about above camera sofa China根据发音规则,找出发ә的2个单词写在后面的横线上;sofa road smilefather sister food3. hair deer tiger Chinasoon ear leaderLesson 2音标ɔ: ɔu: u学习ɔ发这个音的字母和字母组合o ao: fox coffee dog shop dogdoctor longa: watch根据发音规则,找出发ɔ:的2个单词写在后面的横线上;teacher box clotheszoo clock dogboss lot violinbeach fox girlu: 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo uio: do who whoseoo: food moon tooui: fruit juiceu: ruler rude根据发音规则,找出不发u:的单词;1. juice moon zoo panda2. tooth broom eye spoon3. head boot noodles pool4. noon cool boot watchu发这个音的字母和字母组合o oo uo:woman wolf•oo:look good book foot woodu:bull bullet•根据发音规则,选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词;book look pulltape sugar footkind wolf bullwood cook name四. 写出单词或音标;•bru:m dɔ: sit bә:d•fut wi: dɔg ′sistә•look do water good •too foot clock first •work sister doctor sea •五. 将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来;•hot blu:•football huk•blue ki:shook futbɔ:lkiss hɔtLesson 3音标a: Λæ e 练习a: 发这个音的字母和字母组合a ar au ear•a: grass glass class plant dance fastfather lastar: car star arm March garden dark scarfau: laugh auntear: heart•根据发音规则,圈出发a:的2个单词;lip doctor card• 2. cloud cart garden gatescarf dark tiger•4. job lorry March parkΛ发这个音的字母和字母组合o u oo ouo: son come colour love moneyu: sun nut jump gum bus brushsupper usou: touch cousin country•根据发音规则,找出每组中发Λ的单词;cup bed air2. voice boy duck antcorn bear gun 4. cute boy money heræ 发这个音的字母和字母组合aa: dad cap cat bad apple bag flaghand rabbit ant black fat hasstand rat map根据发音规则,找出每组中发æ的单词;bed face sportcup fat pearbat finger treeyoung knife applee 发这个音的字母和字母组合e eae: egg bell desk leg pet ten penea: bread head breakfast•根据发音规则,找出每组中不发e的单词;well leg penmap pet elephantten tall deskhead bed toy音标a: Λæ e 练习•一.抄写音标,一个抄写5遍;•a::Λ:æ:e:____ •二.选出下列没有相同发音的词;• 1. car arm food garden• 2. true jump bus cut• 3. bag short map flag• 4. egg pen head small• 5. got clock bell dog• 6. rabbit book wood foot•7. rat bat apple ten•8. gun star duck moneg•三. 写出单词或音标;•pa:st ru:m swet sit•fæt gɔt cΛp shә:t•bag car bus bread star head•四. 选出下列每题中元音有几种读音,有一种读音的在里画☆,有两种读音的画△,有三种的画◇• 1. hat fast cook last• 2. jeep door sun gum• 3. dad cap hand map• 4. star car cut from• 5. skirt sheep bird her•五. 改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词•like_________________交通工具•hat ________________动物•lake ________________食品•nice _______________数字•hot _________________用品•well _______________用品Lesson 4元音音标ei ai ɔi au练习ai 发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uy•i: kite bike nice tiger write knife•y: by cry fly my sky try why•ie:tie pie•uy:buy•根据发音规则,找出每组中发ai的2个单词.•good jam right•mine ice-cream mouse•sit tie eye•small tennis kiteɔi 发这个音的字母和字母组合oi oy •oi: oil boil coin•oy: boy toy根据发音规则,找出每组中发ɔi的2个单词. hear soy cold2. rabbit bed boy noisevoise boil word4. tea enjoy toy milkau 发这个音的字母和字母组合ou ow ou: house mouse mouth trousersow: flower cow how now down •根据发音规则,选出不发au的单词; 1.mouse cloud arm clowntrousers cow mouth3. town dance flower houseblouse now baby四. 把下列单词下正确的音标连接起来•bow bau•gate pai•tray geit•pie trei •poison pɔizn五. 看图、填空、标号•h___t→s__n→e__ __s__ r→•r__l__ __→c__k___→m__ __th Lesson 5元音音标әu iәeәuә的练习әu 发这个音的字母和字母组合o oa owo: nose rose poen overoa: boat coat soap goatow:show window snow bowl根据发音规则,圈出每组中发әu的2个单词;1.coat goat tree riverwindow knife road3. your white row coathen nose lampiә发这个音的字母和字母组合ear eer ear: ear hear teareer: deer beer根据发音规则,圈出每组中发iә的1个单词;beer fair tailpair near comenear tower air4. ring king here threeeә发这个音的字母和字母组合air earair: hair chair pairear:pear bear wear根据发音规则,圈出每组中发eә的1个单词;idea pineapple tailpair climb comehouse tower air4. ring king hare threeuә发这个音的字母和字母组合oor our ureoor: poorour: tourure: sure pure根据发音规则,圈出每组中发uә的1个单词;tourist pineapple tailpair climb furycure tower air4. voice king pure engineer辅音爆破音:ptk bdg摩擦音:f v s z θð破擦音:tr dr ts dz t∫t3鼻辅音:m n η舌侧音:1出现在元音之前叫作清晰舌边音2出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音半元音:擦音中气流较弱,摩擦较小,介于元音跟辅音之间的音w j •3 ∫•h rLesson 6辅音音标p b t d练习p 发这个音的字母和字母组合p ppp: piano panda parrot pet shipsheep pig stoppp: apple happy根据发音规则,圈出没有发p的单词;phone sleep pearpen big pineappleparrot sheep pigpony pet truckb发这个音的字母和字母组合b bbb: book ball bird big boy bagbananabb:rubber rabbit cabbage根据发音规则,圈出发b的2个单词;gift beach love2. pet god tub bedboy bus makeread dress babyt发这个音的字母和字母组合t ttt: table tea taxi cat rat fat ticketTt: butter matter根据发音规则,圈出没有发t的1个单词;fat bag toyticket tea duckpacket cat raind发这个音的字母和字母组合d edd: duck seed door desk day redhead bed read colded: smiled opened played根据发音规则,圈出没有发d的1个单词;clothes handcold fiveduck grape音标p b t d练习一.抄写音标,一个抄写5遍;•p:b:t:d:_______ 二. 选出下列没有相同发音的词• 1. pear ship coat pig• 2. taxi bean cab cabbage• 3. hat sea ticket wallet• 4. seed dance hand full• 5. pick pen sit pineapple• 6. cold find door chair•7. cloth purple pool push•8. eat fan quiet set三.写出单词或音标;•pændәkΛt di:p klaud •apple pear rabbit read 四. 改变下列单词的一个字母,使它变成另一个单词;•short→_____________衣物sea→_________________感官动词•pet →______________蔬菜ten→___________________ 动物Lesson 7辅音音标k g s z学习g发这个音的字母和字母组合g ggg: glass golf get girl bag goatflaggg: egg根据发音规则,圈出发g的单词;gas drive gum give violin bagjeans orange log bridge guesstank grade long languages发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ces: star sun snake sea seec: pencil city cedar ceiling celebratess: grass glass class bossce: face race rice nice根据发音规则,圈出每组中2个发s的单词;1. whose juice lick student2. those case scarf shoes3. space nose science meat4. tears piece bus noseLesson 8辅音音标∫3 t∫d3练习3发这个音的字母和字母组合ss: television, usually, Asiameasure a garage,an unusual collision; a great decision;my pleasure根据发音规则,圈出下列单词中发3的2个单词;1. shell ship garage desk2. truck shirt pleasure ship3. brush casual sheep sleep4. hero shape leisure shelft∫发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tchch: teacher peach cherry chairtch: watch match根据发音规则,找出下列单词中发t∫的单词,并抄下来;chair dumpling beach cheesenight she monkeyChina church these flower eggdream shark chick catchLesson 9音标f v θð的练习v发这个音的字母和字母组合v vev: video vase vestve: five love violin根据发音规则,在不发v的单词上打×violin move vote windowvan volcano white womanvictory wet wave vaseð发这个音的字母和字母组合thth: father mother brother clothesweather根据发音规则,圈出每组中发ð的1个单词;1.than sister brother three2. weather thank night good3. tie look teeth they4. thin father throat watchLesson 10辅音音标tsdz tr dr的练习dz 发这个音的字母和字母组合ds desds: seeds woods friends birds bedsdes: rides根据发音规则,找出发dz的5个单词写在后面的横线上;coats hands cats kitesbeds words pets kidsseats horse sands gatestr 发这个音的字母和字母组合trtr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick根据发音规则,找出没有发tr的3个单词写在后面的横线上; seats truck train trash tractordrink street drug trousersdr 发这个音的字母和字母组合drdr: draw drink driver dragon dry根据发音规则,找出每组中发dr的2个单词写在后面的横线上;1. dream duck dress rain2. rat drain drug door3. tree treasure drawer drink4. truck dragon dish drumLesson 11辅音音标hrlm的练习r 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wrr: rice room ride road roserr: mirror carrot parrotwr: write wrong wrap根据发音规则,选出发r的单词,打√;1. bread driver wrong rain worker2. river father robot rope sister3. write fruit rabbit crown druml 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll•l: look light lock lucky lion tail•ll: ball pull dollar tell根据发音规则,选出每组中不发l的单词;• 1. lamp nail flag woman• 2. yellow fruit lion lychee• 3. grape bull laugh lake• 4. dumpling moon wheel whaleLesson 12音标n ηw j的练习n发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gnn: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane down kn: knee knife knockgn: sign根据发音规则,找出发n的单词并抄下来;1. mirror wheel yes knock2. mall hen laugh nut3. earrings plane wing breadη发这个音的字母和字母组合n ngn: ink bank tank fingerng: sing hang song king reading running根据发音规则,从下列每组中找出2个发η的单词;1.net ring finger meat2. tennis mouth song swing3. dumpling wing run nail4. hang swim ink notew发这个音的字母和字母组合w: winter window watch water well wouldwh: white where which when why wheel whale根据发音规则,选出每组中不发w音的1个单词;1. wood write wheel which2. wheat snow wet woman3. white window now why4. whale water watch rowj发这个音的字母和字母组合yy: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your根据发音规则,找出发j的单词写在下面横线上;cry you your sky yellow lorrymoney jelly toy boy yogurt soy。

中考英语 句子成分及句子结构和练习

中考英语 句子成分及句子结构和练习

中考英语句子成分及句子结构和练习每个句子里的词与词之间都有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的成分。

在初中英语中,句子的成分包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语七种。

A)句子成分框架图:1.主语功能与位置由……充当例句主语是一个句子的主体,表示所说的是谁或是什么。

主语一般放在句首,有时在特殊句型中主语放在句中或句末。

名词或名词短语Some students don't like doing homework.一些学生不喜欢做家庭作业。

代词He is a doctor.他是一名医生。

数词Three and five is eight.三加五等于八。

the +形容词/过去分词The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。

动词不定式To see is to believe.眼见为实。

动名词Eating more vegetables is good for your health.多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。

从句What he said is not true.他说的不是实话。

(一)用横线画出下列句中主语的中心词。

1.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.2.There is an old man coming here.3.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.4.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2.谓语功能与位置由……充当例句谓语表述主语的行为动作或所处的状态,常位于主语之后,有人称、时态、语态、数的变化。

动词She practises playing the piano everyday.她每天练习弹钢琴。

最基础的英语句子结构分析和练习,超简单实用!

最基础的英语句子结构分析和练习,超简单实用!

句子结构成分分析及练习主要成分:主语(subject):名词/代词。

I, They,Beijing,Xiaoming谓语(predicate):动词。

I like,They are,Xiaoming goes,宾语(object):名词/代词。

I like him. Xiaoming goes to Beijing.定语(attribute):形容词。

a beatiful girl, a lovely dog状语(adverbial) :副词。

at 7, at the school, by bus英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一:SV(主+谓)S│ V(不及物动词)1.The sun │was shining.2.We all breathe, eat, and drink.3.What he said does not matter.基本句型二:SVP(主+系+表)系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。

be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。

感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻S│V(是系动词)│ P1.This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.2.He is growing tall and strong.3.The trouble is that they are short of money.There be 结构:There be 表示‘存在有’。

试比较:There is a boy there.(那儿有一个男孩。

学好英语要从学句子成分和基本句型开始,附试题练习

学好英语要从学句子成分和基本句型开始,附试题练习

学好英语要从学句子成分和基本句型开始,附试题练习主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、宾语(object)、表语(predicative)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)、补语(complement)和同位语(appositive)共八种01句子成分和基本句型讲前练指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分并总结出该句的基本句型结构。

1.They have worked for months and even years.成分:主语谓语时间状语句型结构总结:主语+谓语(不及物动词)2.The film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work成分:主语定语谓语表语句型结构总结:主语+系动词+表语3. I didn’t understand all of the traditional customs at first.成分:主语谓语宾语状语句型结构总结:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语4.Traditional festivals teach us a lot about our nation’s history成分:主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语句型结构总结:主语+谓语(及物动词)+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)5.Traditional festivals enable usto learn fine Chinese values成分:主语谓语宾语宾语补足语句型结构总结:主语+谓语+复合宾语(宾语+补语)小结:从以上的练习中可知英语中的句子成分包括:主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补语6.He was seen playing basketball on the playgroundyesterday.(现在分词短语作主语补足语)02句子成分和基本句型精讲(一)、句子成分:1、主语: 说明句子所谈的是:“什么人”或“什么物”,主语通常由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。

初中英语句子地基本结构和类型讲解、练习

初中英语句子地基本结构和类型讲解、练习

一.句子成分①句子一般由两个局部成:主局部〔subject group〕局部〔predicate group〕②句子成分〔 1〕 S --- subject主:句子的主体,全句述的象。

一般由名,主格代,不定式 ,名或从句担当,常置于句首。

I like football.The boy needs a pen.(2〕 V —— VerbINO=Indirect Object( 接 );DO=Direct Object( 直接 );:明主的作或状。

由担当。

常置于主后。

The train leaves at 6 o’ clock.I want a ticket.(3〕 O --- object :表示 vt.的作象或 prep.所系的象。

由 n.或相当于 n.的担当。

置于 vt.或 prep.后。

He won the game.On the deskTome lost his life in the big fire.〔 4〕 P --- predicative表1、用以表述主的特色、状、身份等。

由n.或 adj.担当。

置于系以后。

He is a student.2、除了 be 系外,有一些也能够用作系,1)表感官的 : feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。

2) 表化的:become, get, grow, turn, go, 等3)表延的remain, keep, hold, stay, rest 等。

〔 5〕定:名或代起修、限制作用的、短或句子,中常用‘⋯⋯的’表示,往常位于被修的成分前。

The black bike is mine.明1:当定修不定代如: nothing , anything ,everything , something 等,定要放在后来作后置定我告他一些风趣的事情。

I tell him something interesting .2:不定式、短或从句作定,也放在被修的名以后。

五种基本句型(含练习和答案)

五种基本句型(含练习和答案)

. .五种基本句型,似千乎,有简有繁句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的。

英语句子有长有短大、组合、变万化,难以捉摸,但其实只有五种基本句型。

所有英语句子都可以看成是这五种基本句型的扩省略或倒装。

因此掌握这五大句型,是掌握其他各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语句子依其组合方式可分为以下五种基本句型,句子成分的表示法为:S:Subject (主语) , V:Verb(动词),O: Object (宾语), IO : Indirect Object ( 间接宾语), DO: Direct Object ( 直接宾语) , P :Predicative (表语), OC :Object Complement (宾语补足语)。

五种基本句型见下表(S=主,V=谓, O=宾, P=表, IO=间宾,DO=直宾,OC=宾补):种类句型例句第 1 种S+V We work. ( 不及物)第 2 种S+V+O He plays ( 及物 ) the piano.第 3 种S+V+P We are( 系动词 ) students.第 4 种S+V+IO+DO She gave( 及物 ) me a pen.第 5 种S+V+O+OC He made(及物 ) the boy laugh.一、第 1 种句型:S+V(主语 +不及物动词)1、 Birds fly. 鸟飞。

主语+谓语(不及物动词)2、 He runs in the park. 他在公园里跑。

主语+谓语+地点状语( 不及物动词)此句型是“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分。

因为是不及物动词,后面当然不能带宾语了,但是可以有状语来修饰。

例如上面例句中的in the park 就是地点状语。

了3、Class begins. (begin 在句中是不及物动词)上课比较: We begin our class at eight. 我们八点钟开始上课。

(完整版)英语五种基本句型及练习

(完整版)英语五种基本句型及练习

语法体系分不清?没关系,只要是英语的句子,都必须符合五种句型。

所以当我们再遇到长难句,不管多长,多复杂,咱都不怕,找出主干就能识别句子大意啦。

我们接下来好好学习一下五种基本句型吧~(一)英语五种基本句型基本句型一:主+系+表此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个名词或者形容词,才能表达完整的意思。

系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。

be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。

其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。

1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary。

这是本英汉辞典。

2. The dinner smells good。

午餐的味道很好.3. His face turned red. 他的脸红了4. Everything looks different。

一切看来都不同了。

基本句型二:主+谓(不及物动词)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词,介词短语,状语从句等。

1。

The pen writes smoothly。

这支笔书写流利。

2. The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。

3。

They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

基本句型三:主+谓(及物)+宾此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。

这类动词叫做及物动词。

1。

Who knows the answer?谁知道答案?2. He enjoys reading。

他喜欢看书.3。

My sister is writing a letter at this moment。

英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

英语简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。

这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。

换言之绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。

这五个基本句式如下S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明S主语V谓语P表语O宾语O1间接宾语O2直接宾语C宾语补足语基本句型一 S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词这些动词常见的有appear apologizearrive come die disappear exist fall happen rise等等。

如 1. 学生们学习很努力。

________2. 她再次向我道歉。

__________________3. 事故是昨天晚上发生的。

_______________ 补充: 少数不及物动词后面能跟一个相同意义的名词作宾语这个名词和前面的动词在词根上是相同的或者在意义上是相近的这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语。

常见的能带同源宾语的动词有lead live die sleep dream breathe smile laugh fight run sing等。

例如4. Under the leadership of the Party the peasants lead a happy life.5. I dreamed a terrible dream last night.6. Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last August.7. He died a glorious death.基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类A. 表示状态的连系动词。

这些词有be look seem appear smell taste sound keep remain 等等。

英语句子结构分析及练习题

英语句子结构分析及练习题

句子结构分析句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。

主要成分:主语和谓语1、主语一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。

主语的位置:一般位于句首,由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。

The school is far from here. 名词做主语She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。

It takes me an hour to get there.2、谓语表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态.英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。

谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。

分析下列句子的主语和谓语Mr. Li teaches English.He can play the piano.My parents and I are having dinner.He studies very hard.She likes speaking.I can swim in the river.We don’t like math.He doesn’t watch TV.3、表语用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。

一般由名词或者形容词担任。

表语的位置:用在动词be和系动词的后面。

凡是系动词(be 动词,感官动词等)出现的地方,后面必定带着表语名词、代词、数词、介词短语、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。

英语句子成分和练习题及答案

英语句子成分和练习题及答案

句子成分(Members of a Sentence)英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。

掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:SV(主+谓)二:SVP(主+系+表)三:SVO(主+谓+宾)四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一:SV(主+谓)主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。

主语一般在句首。

注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

S│V(不及物动词)1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。

2. The moon │rose.月亮升起了。

3. The universe │remains.宇宙长存。

4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares?管它呢?6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。

7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。

基本句型二:SVP(主+系+表)S│V(是系动词)│P1. This │is│an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。

2. The dinner │smells│good.午餐的气味很好。

3. He │fell│in love. 他堕入了情网。

4. Everything │looks│di fferent. 一切看来都不同了。

5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮6. The trouble│is│that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。

英语八大句子结构及例句

英语八大句子结构及例句

英语八大句子结构及例句以下是英语八大句子结构的报告,包括每个句子结构的定义和例句:句子结构一:主语 + 谓语(不及物动词)定义:主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,谓语是不及物动词,即动词后面不需要宾语。

例句:The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。

)句子结构二:主语 + 谓语(及物动词)+ 宾语定义:主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,谓语是及物动词,即动词后面需要一个宾语。

宾语是动作的承受者。

例句:We love English.(我们喜欢英语。

)句子结构三:主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语定义:主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,谓语是及物动词,需要两个宾语,一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语。

间接宾语表示动作间接地作用于某人,直接宾语则是动作的直接承受者。

例句:Please pass me the book.(请递给我那本书。

)句子结构四:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补定义:主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,谓语是及物动词,需要一个宾语,但还需要一个宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的状态或身份。

例句:His father named him Tom.(他的父亲给他起名叫汤姆。

)句子结构五:主语 + 联系动词 + 表语定义:主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,联系动词也称系动词,用来连接主语和表语。

表语用来描述主语的身份、特征或状态。

例句:The book is mine.(这本书是我的。

)句子结构六:主语 + 谓语 + 状语定义:主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,谓语是不及物动词或及物动词。

状语用来描述动作发生的时间、地点、方式等。

例句:We usually go to school by bike.(我们通常骑自行车上学。

)句子结构七:主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语定义:主语是句子中的主要名词或代词,谓语是及物动词,需要一个宾语,还可以有一个状语来描述动作发生的时间、地点、方式等。

英语的五种基本句型结构讲解和练习题

英语的五种基本句型结构讲解和练习题
• _____ _____. 请把你的画给我看一下.
基本句型五: S十V十O十C 主谓宾补 结构
• 这种句型中的宾语+ 补语可统称为"复合宾 语", 作补语的常常是名词、形容词 、副词、 介词短语、分词、动词不定式等.如:我们 发现他是一个诚实的人.
• 注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后
宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C • =宾语补足语
基本句型一: S十V主谓结构
• 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,这些 动词常见的有:appear, apologize,
• arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等.如:
• sound, keep, remain, 等等.如: • We should __________ __________ any
time. 我们在任何时候都应该 • 保持谦虚.
• B. 表示转变或结果的系动词.这些词有: become, get, grow, turn, go, come,
• prove,等等.如:
• ---我昨天看了一部电影. • --- You place me in a difficult • situation.
基本句型四: S十V十O1十O2 主谓双 宾结构
• O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语这种句型中 作间接宾语的常常指"人",直接宾语常常指" 物".如:
• ----Yesterday her father _______________ ________ _____ ____________ as a birthday present. 昨天她父亲给她买了一 辆自行车作为生日礼物.

初中英语句子结构与成分练习题

初中英语句子结构与成分练习题

初中英语句子结构与成分练习题一、句子结构与成分1.The sentence structure of "They talked for an hour." is " ".A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+A【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:句子"They talked for an hour."的结构是什么? A.主语+谓语+宾语;B.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;C.主语+谓语+状语。

they是主语;talked是谓语;for an hour是状语,故选C。

【点评】考查句子结构,注意平时识记其分类。

2.Choose the correct structure(结构) of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意“He l ent me a book”。

he为主语S;lent为谓语V;me为间接宾语IO; a book为直宾DO。

故结构为S+V+IO+DO。

故选B。

【点评】此题考查简单句的结构。

3.This cake is really big. _______ share it.A. May be we canB. We may be canC. Maybe we canD. Maybe can we【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意“蛋糕真的很大,也许我们可以分享它”。

maybe为副词,也许,可能,放于句首。

may be中may是情态动词,be是动词原形,为系表结构,译为“也许是,可能是”。

根据句意,故选C。

【点评】此题考查简单句和副词的用法。

4.The young man ________ glasses is my teacher.A. wearB. wearsC. put onD. with【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:带着眼镜的年轻人是我的老师。

英语 简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

英语 简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题⼀、句⼦成份英语句⼦成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补⾜语,表语,定语,状语等。

顺序⼀般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补⾜语,⽽表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况⽽定。

1、主语:表⽰句⼦主要说明的⼈或事物,⼀般位于句⾸。

但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后⾯。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表⽰。

例如:Country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后⾯的不定式)2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。

可以有不同的时态,语态和语⽓。

1)简单谓语:We study for the people.2)复合谓语:I can speak a little English.We are reading books.He has gone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(⽐如be)之后,说明主语⾝份,特征,属性或状态。

My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)4、宾语: 宾语表⽰动作⾏为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)It began to rain.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往⼀个指⼈,⼀个指物,指⼈的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。

英语基本句型及练习

英语基本句型及练习

英语基本句型及练习一. 英语基本句型 1.主系表结构(S+V+P)本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。

系动词有:1.表示特征和存在状态的:be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的:remain,stay,keep,continue,stand;3.表示状态变化的:become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,grow;如:Our history teacher is thirty years old.The cake tastes delicious.We feel used to living in big cities.The potatoes went bad in the fields.Their boss seems satisfied with the work.Deep water stays still.巩固练习1:1.冬季白天短,夜晚长。

_____________________________________________________.2.十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。

__________________________________________.3.孩子们很少保持安静。

____________________________________________________.4.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。

__________________________________________.5.他失业了。

______________________________________________________________.6. 没有了狗那个老人觉得有些孤单。

__________________________________________.7. 下雨的晚上最容易感到寂寞。

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英语学科辅导讲义介词之后。

如:They are teachers. ( 他们是老师。

)I play with him. (我和他一起玩。

)这两句话中单词teachers是名词,单词him是带词,它们在句中作宾语。

4)定语:是用来说明或者限制名词的成分,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。

形容词放在名词之前,相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。

如:This is a red sun.(这是个红太阳.)He is a tall boy.(他是个高个子男孩。

)这两句话中单词red和tall都是形容词,它们作定语。

5)状语是用来说明动词,形容词,副词或整个句子的成分。

常由副词担40分钟任。

修饰动词时可以放在动词之前,也可以放在动词之后;修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。

如:The students study hard. (这些学生学习努力。

)I often write to him. (我常给他写信。

)The bag is too heavy. (这个书包太重了。

)这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词,第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词,它们都作状语。

6)表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态。

一般由名词或者形容词担任。

如:This table is long. (这个桌子是长的。

)通常情况下,主语和宾语前的成分是定语,谓语前的成分是状语,时间词作状语放在句子后面。

句子的成分分布如下:(定语)主语(状语)谓语(定语)宾语(状语)如:(The tall) boy (often) go (to the big) zoo.(The happy) child --- went (his) home yesterday.请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分1)I have two elder sisters. (我有两个姐姐。

)2) They don't swim very well.(他们游泳不太好。

)3) Do you go to school every day? (你每天去上学吗?)4) I really want a cup of tea.(我真的想要一杯茶。

)5) Miss Smith teaches English very well.(史密斯先生教英语非常好。

)三.句子的划分及其结构分析★根据结构划分:①简单句S+V(主+谓)S+V+P(主+谓+表)S+V+O(主+谓+宾)S+V+o+O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)②并列句and, but, or③复合句:名词从句(宾,主,表,同)副词从句(状语从句)形容词从句(定语从句)★句子基本结构分析1.S十V句式在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。

例如:He runs quickly.他跑得快。

They listened carefully.他们听得很仔细。

He suffered from cold and hunger.他挨冻受饿。

China belongs to the third world country.中国属于第三世界国家。

The gas has given out.煤气用完了。

My ink has run out.我的钢笔水用完了。

2.S十V十P句式在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。

例如:He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。

He seen interested in the book.他似乎对这本书感兴趣。

The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来有趣。

The desk feels hard.书桌摸起来很硬。

The cake tastes nice.饼尝起来很香。

45分钟The flowers smell sweet and nicc.花闻起来香甜。

You have grown taller than before.你长得比以前高了。

He has suddenly fallen ill.他突然病倒了。

He stood quite still.他静静地站看。

He becomes a teacher when he grew up.他长大后当了教师。

He could never turn traitor to his country.他永远不会背叛他的祖国。

注意:有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO句式,例如:He looked me up and down.他上下打量我。

He reached his hand to feel the elephant.他伸出手来摸象。

They are tasting the fish.他们在品尝鱼。

They grow rice in their home town.他们在家乡种水稻。

He's got a chair to sit on.他有椅子坐。

Please turn the sentence into English.请把这个句于泽成英语。

3.S十V十O句式在此句式中,V是及物动词(vt.),因此有宾语。

例如:I saw a film yesterday.我昨天看了一部电影。

Have you read the story?你读过这个故事吗?They found their home easily.他们很容易找到他们的家。

They built a house last year.他们去年建了一所房子。

They've put up a factory in the village.他们在村里建了一座工厂。

They have taken good care of the children.这些孩子他们照看得很好。

You should look after your children well.你应该好好照看你的孩子。

4.S十V十O1十O2句式在此句式中,V是带有双宾语的及物动词。

常见的须带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等。

例如:He gave me a book/a book to me.他给我一本书。

He brought me a pen/a pen to me.他带给我一枝钢笔。

He offered me his seat/his seat to me.他把座位让给我。

注意下边动词改写后介词的变化:Mother bought me a book/a book for me.妈妈给我买了一本书。

He got me a chair/a chair for me.他给我弄了一把椅子。

Please do me a favor/a favor for me.请帮我一下。

He asked me a question/a question of me.他问我个问题。

注意,下边动词只有一种说法:They robbed the old man of his money.他们抢了老人的钱。

15分钟He's warned me of the danger.他警告我注意危险。

The doctor has cured him of his disease.医生治好了他的病。

We must rid the house of th erats.我们必须赶走屋里的老鼠。

They deprived him of his right to speak.他们剥夺了他说话的权利。

5.S十V十O十C句式在此句式中,V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。

常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多,哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补,须根据动词的惯用法而定,不能统而概论。

请看下面的例子。

They made the girl angry.他们使这个女孩生气了。

They found her happy that day.他们发现那天她很高兴。

I found him out.我发现他出去了。

I saw him in.我见他在家。

They saw a foot mark in the sand.他们发现沙地上有脚印。

They named the boy Charlie.他们给这个男孩起名为查理。

I saw him come in and go out.我见他进来又出去。

They felt the car moving fast.他们感到汽车行驶得很快。

I heard the glass broken just now.我刚才听到玻璃碎了。

He found the doctor of study closed to him.他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。

四.课后练习分析下列各句属于哪种基本结构,并划出各个句子成分。

1、I saw Jane in the reading room2、Production grows rapidly3、They treated me as their own son4、His classmates made him their monitor5、Victor passed Robert the ball6、You did not need to arrive so early7、The children ran merrily after him8、It is getting dark9、Martin,my good friend,has given me a lot of help10、Circumstances do not permit me to leave11、The population of city rose by 20 percent12、She had a new dress made13、Her face turned red at his words14、The old professor lectures twice a week15、Tom become a good student at last。

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