直接引语变间接引语经典课件

总之：人称的变 化要符合逻辑！
直接引语→间接引语：时态的变化 （1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时 （2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时
（3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时
（4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时
（5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时
（6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时
时态不变化：
①直接引语是客观真理 “The moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the moon moves around the earth. ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变 Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.
“You have finished the homework, haven’t you?” my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该 改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句 （宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?” → She asked me when they had their dinner.
“Do you like singing?”
What did he say
?
He asked
whether/if we liked singing.
Attention
间接引用别人的一般疑问句时
要做相应变化 1·say 变 ask
2· 要添加if/weather 。
3· 句子变陈述句语序
He said ，“can you speak a little English ？”
What did it say
?
It said it could fly.
“I am playing football.”
What did he say
?
He said
he was playing football.
为什么？此句没有变时态？因为它描述的是客观事实真理， 经得住时间考验 ，故不变化
1一般现在时变为一般过去时2现在进行时变为过去进行时3一般将来时变为过去将来时4现在完成时变为过去完成时5一般过去时变为过去完成时6过去完成时不变仍为过去完成时直接引语间接引语
Unit 4
He said I was hard-working.
Section A
直接引语与间接引语
引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：
④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应根据语气 改为“tell (ask, order, beg等) sb. (not) to do sth.”句 型。如： “Don’t make any noise,” she said to the children. 告诫语气
→She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she.要求语气
直接引语→间接引语：时间变化
直接引语
动词 指示 代词 come 来 this 这 these 这些
间接引语
go 去
that 那 those 那些
地点 状语
here 这里
there 那里
•语法书中关于 此节， •理论知识
直接引语→间接引语：人称变化 ①直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三 人称。 He said, “I am very sorry.” → He said that he was very sorry. ②直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对 转述人说的，转换为第一人称。 “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. → My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.
②直接引语如果是反意疑问句、选择疑问句或 一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引 导的宾语从句. 但用陈述句语序 He said, “Can you swim, John?” →He asked John if he could swim. “Do you go to school by bus or by bike?” He asked me. →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
The earth moves around the sun.
What did he say
?
He said
the earth moves around the sun.
“I finished my homework two days ago
What did he say
?
She said she had finished her homework
three days (a year, et.) ago 三天（一年等）以前 tomorrow 明天
the next (following) day 次日
the day after tomorrow two days later (in two days time 后天 过两天 next week (yea, etc.) the next (following) week (year, etc.) 下星期（明年等） 下一周（第二年等）
two days before .
I will go shopping tomorrow.
What did she say
?
She said
she would go shopping the next day.
Sum up 小结
• “直接引语” 变 间接引语
• 在人称、时态等要做相应变化，最终反映 在动词上是： • 原型变 过去式 • Can 变 could • Will变would • 过去式变 为 had +过去分词 • 客观真理句不变
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日 作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
Xiao Wang said, “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复 出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。 He said, “I get up at six every morning.” →He said he gets up at six every morning.
He asked
if I could speak a little English
3·特殊疑问句子 要变成 陈述句语序
Where are you from？
What did he say
?
He asked
Where I was from.
“I will give you a concert this weekend
1. “I never eat meat,” he said.
He said that ______ he never ______ ate meat. 2. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me. He ______ had ______ found told me that he ______ ______ his wallet. 3. “I took it home with me,” she said. She said that ______ taken it she ______ had _______ home with her.
4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and
goes down in the west.”
The teacher said that the sun ______ rises in the east
goes down in the west. and ______ 5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me. He ______ told me that he ______ had met her the day ______. before 6. “You must come here before five,” he said. He said that I ______ had to go ______ there before five.
一种是直接引语（direct speech), 即原封不动地引 用原话，把原话放在引号内； 一种是间接引语（reported speech)，即用自己的话 加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。
I am smart.
What did he say
Байду номын сангаас
?
He said he was smart.
I can fly.
→She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引语如果是以Let’s开头的祈使句， 变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句 词(或从句) ” 。 He said, “Let’s go to the film.” →He suggested going to the film. →He suggested that they should go to see the film.
直接引语→间接引语：句式变化 ①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语 应改为由that引导的宾语从句。
She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时 的形式(例：ought to， had better, used to) 和已经是过去时的形式时 (例：could, should, would, might) ，时态不再变。 Peter said, “You had better come here today.” →Peter said I had better go there that day.
What did he say
?
He said he would give us a concert that weekend.
小结
直接引语→间接引语：时间变化
then 那时
that day 那天 that week (month, etc.) 那个星期（月等） the day before 前一天 two days before 前两天
now 现在
today 今天 this week (month, etc.) 本星期（月等） Yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天
last week (year, etc.) 上星期（去年）
the day before the day before 前一周（年等） three days (a year etc.) before 前三天（一年等）
③直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三 人称说的，转换成第三人称。如： She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight.” → She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. ④人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性 物主代词等，如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me?” → He asked me whether I would go to the station with him.