2020版高考英语新创新一轮复习译林版精练：必修3 Unit 2 课下作业(一_三) 含答案

必修3 Unit 2 课下作业（一~三）
课下作业（一）考点过关针对练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The young man didn't want to embarrass (尴尬) his girl friend in front of her friends.
2．It is still too early to reach a conclusion (结论) on this point.
3．Most citizens there were concerned (担忧的) about the energy shortage and drought in that country.
4．How many new Chinese characters (人物) have you learned in this passage?
5．Being confident in your appearance (外貌) makes you more confident in other areas.
6．With their unique (独特的) structure that bridges the past and present, hutongs underline the historical element of city development in China.
7．We had to interrupt (暂停) our talk because it was time for lunch.
8．The custom (习俗) of naming women after flowers is becoming less common.
9．If you think you can carry on drinking so much without damaging your health, then you're mistaken (错误的)．
10．All the students have access (使用权) to the health center.
11．There is a great deal of evidence indicating (显示) that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
12．The DNA test showed that he was not the birth son of the man and woman who had raised (养育) him.
13．In the USA a growing number of states have adopted laws to ban (禁止) throwing e-waste.
14．After the president made an official (官方的) announcement, she expressed her personal opinion.
15．The shower that we put in a few years back has broken and we can't afford to _replace (替换) it.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．College education wasn't accessible (access) to women until the 1920s.
2．He asked several questions concerning (concern) the future of the company.
3．As we can see, online shopping has made a great contribution (contribute) to the development of express delivery industry.
4．I've finally finished my paper and it took me an entire (entirely) month.
5．The Silk Road was named after ancient China's silk trade, which played an important role in the civilization development of China, South Asia and Europe.
6．It seems women are now more attracted to the convenience (convenient) of online shopping.
7．We can，therefore，come to the conclusion (conclude) that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.
8．British English differs obviously from American English in pronunciation and spelling.
9．It is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．If it is convenient with you today, please post the letter for me on your way home.with→to/for
2．I think we should ban smoke in parks as well.smoke→smoking
3．John is ill and I want to know who is going to take place of him. take_后加the
4．Our school provides all the senior students with easy access to read books.read→reading
5．He found it embarrassing to speak in front of so many people.embarrassing→embarrassed
6．Finally, he reached to a conclusion that Tom wasn't the thief.去掉to
7．During the meeting, hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted with him.去掉with
8．As far as I'm concern, I prefer beef to chicken.concern→concerned
9．A medical team of PLA, consisted of 30 doctors, was sent to fight Ebola in Africa.consisted→consisting
10．Occupying with her children, Mrs. White can't go shopping with us.Occupying→Occupied
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．I always try to overcome difficulties.That_is_why I have always succeeded where others have failed.
我总是努力克服困难，那就是我总是在别人失败的事情上成功的原因。

2．Life consists_of not only sunshine but also hard times.
生活既有阳光，也有艰难的时候。

3．Nodding the head means agreement, while_shaking_it means disagreement.
点头表示同意，而摇头表示不同意。

4．Whenever_it_is_convenient_for/to_you,_come and get back the book you need.
无论你什么时候方便，请过来把你需要的书取走。

5．Not_all birds fly away to the South in winter.
冬天不是所有的鸟都飞往南方。

6．Basic research is_of_great_importance in all scientific fields.
在各个科学领域里，基础研究是非常重要的。

课下作业（二）话题阅读培优练
Ⅰ.根据提示填空
I am sorry to hear that you are worried about the ❶varieties (variety) of English you have been learning and I hope I can help you.
Firstly, the ❷difference (differ) between British and American English are not as big as many ❸learners (learn) believe. There are almost no difference in grammar and only a few differences in ❹vocabulary (词汇). British and American people ❺understand (理解) each other without difficulty almost all of the time; they watch films and television from each other's countries for pleasure.
Secondly, there is not one British or American English. For example, all major cities in the UK have their own dialects with different ❻accents (口音) and sometimes small differences in grammar and vocabulary from each other. Sometimes these accents can be ❼more_difficult (difficult) to understand for even a British person than some American Englishes. Also, there are Englishes from many other countries. People who speak these Englishes usually also manage ❽to_communicate (communicate) with other English speakers without any problems.
All learners need to be able to understand English spoken and ❾written (write) by as many people as possible so
as to be understood. You should concentrate on this goal, not on how ○10to_speak (speak) “British” or “American” English.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
❶writing_ability.
❷Compared_with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes less time. It can help us ❸develop_the_habit_of thinking in English. If we ❹stick_to this practice, gradually we will learn how to ❺express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly ❻meet_with many difficulties. In the first place, it often happens that we ❼have_trouble_in finding appropriate ❽words_and_phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English properly.
As far as I am concerned, my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then ❾consult_the_dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is ○10 of_great_use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills.
课下作业（三）高考语篇提能练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fact, half of the 6,000～7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)．In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations —UNESCO and National Geographic among them — have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.
Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that_tradition.His recently published book, A Grammar of Thangmi w ith an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture grows out of his experience living, working and raising a family in a village in Nepal.
Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.
At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials — including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes — which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.
Now, through the two organizations that he has founded —the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project — Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.
语篇解读：本文叙述了学者们正在努力记录濒临消失的语言和文化，以期能挽救这些语言。

1．Many scholars are making efforts to ________.
A．promote global languages
B．rescue disappearing languages
C．search for language communities
D．set up language research organizations
解析：选B细节理解题。

根据文章第二段可知学者们正在努力挽救濒临消失的语言。

2．What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Having full records of the languages.
B．Writing books on language teaching.
C．Telling stories about language users.
D．Living with the native speakers.
解析：选A词义猜测题。

根据文章第四段中的“But he is not content ... without record.”可知，“that tradition”是指Turin记录语言。

故选A。

3．What is Turin's book based on?
A．The cultural studies in India.
B．The documents available at Yale.
C．His language research in Bhutan.
D．His personal experience in Nepal.
解析：选D细节理解题。

根据文章第三段中的“...grows out of his experience living，working and raising a family in a village in Nepal”可知，Turin的书以其在尼泊尔的个人经历为基础。

故选D。

4．Which of the following best describes Turin's work?
A．Write, sell and donate.
B．Record, repair and reward.
C．Collect, protect and reconnect.
D．Design, experiment and report.
解析：选C推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段中的“generations of communities from whom ... collected”和“Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities”可知，Turin的工作是“收集，保护和再接合”，故选C。

B
We do not usually think about how our language works.Talking is such a natural, everyday activity that we do not often stop to consider how it actually works.When we do study our language, though, we are often surprised that we are able to understand our conversations.Words can mean so many different things.However, it turns out that the speaking situation helps a lot in making language work.
First, the speaking situation helps make words more particular.For example, the word “dog” can describe a dog
that a speaker saw in a dream.It can also be used to discuss a neighbor's dog.No language has a separate word for the idea “dog that I saw yesterday” and another word for the idea “dog that I saw in a dream”．This is because the speaking situation makes it clear what speakers mean when they use words.So, when you have a conversation with your neighbor, the knowledge that you have a dog tells your neighbor what the word “dog” probably means in that situation.
The speaking situation also helps make language clearer.For example, the word “bank” has two possible meanings.It can mean “a place where people keep money”，but it can also mean “the side of a river”．So the sentence “I went to the bank” is not clear.It could mean I went to the side of the river or it could mean I went to the place where my money is kept.However, if the speaker is talking about fishing or going to the mountains, others probably know that “bank” means “the side of a river”．
The things that speakers say may not always be clear.Sometimes the words are not very particular, but the speaking situation can provide the meaning.Other times words may have many meanings.Then the speaking situation limits the right meaning.This extra knowledge from the situation is very important to understand language.
语篇解读：本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。

5．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．the best time and place to talk to others
B．how the speaking situation helps language work
C．what to say in difficult situations
D．how our language works
解析：选B主旨大意题。

本文讲述了语境对语言的理解起着很大作用。

故选B。

6．According to the passage, we can safely say that ________.
A．the speaking situation does not affect the meaning of words
B．speaking is not very natural for most people
C．the speaking situation is not important
D．people often do not consider how talking works
解析：选D细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“We do not usually think ...how it actually works”可知，选D。

7．By using the example of the word “dog”，the writer wants to show that________.
A．a word may need to be explained in a conversation
B．a word may have different meanings
C．the speaking situation helps people understand the particular meaning of a word
D．the meaning of words is not particular
解析：选C推理判断题。

根据第二段的内容可知，选C项。

8．According to the passage，we can know the meaning of the word “bank” by referring to ________.
A．the time and the place where the conversation happens
B．the occupation of the person who uses the word
C．earlier or later parts of the conversation
D．a reliable dictionary
解析：选C细节理解题。

根据第三段内容可知，作者用bank一词举例说明对话中这个词之前或之后的部分决定了这个词的含义。

故选C。

Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·广东佛山模拟)Years ago, feeling tired and frustrated, I began to doubt whether teaching was worth it anymore.__1__，a ridiculous moment in class lit my way out of the darkness.
I was teaching a chemistry lesson, and the students were__2__ about working with alcohol lamps.But a girl couldn't get her wick (灯芯) to burn.She was one of the kids who always seem to be the __3__ one picked for the team, who appeared to have__4__ that she could never be special.
Normally I do not interfere with science projects, because__5__ can be part of the learning process.Yet this was simply a matter of faulty equipment; the wick was not as __6__ as it should have been.I needed to __7__.
The girl had tears in her eyes, and I felt__8__ of myself for ever having felt like giving up.For that one moment, the only thing that__9__ to me was that this girl should have a successful experiment.She was going to go home that day with a __10__ on her face.I bent over her alcohol lamp, and with a long kitchen match tried to reach the wick.I was so __11__ to the match that I could feel the flame.Finally the wick caught fire, and I looked up triumphantly (得意扬扬地), __12__ the smile on the girl's face.
__13__，she took one look at me and began screaming in fear.I did not understand why the kids were all pointing at me__14__ I realized that the flame had lit my hair.Several kids ran to me and __15__ at my head.Talk about a dream come true — they got to hit their teacher on the head and say they were__16__ her.
A few minutes later, all was well and I watched the kids__17__ the experiment.I felt like an idiot, and yet for the first time in weeks, I felt how much I __18__ about teaching.I had tried hard to help someone; though not particularly well, but the __19__ was there.From that moment, I determined to always teach like my hair was__20__.
语篇解读：作者是一名化学老师，在过去的某段时间里，她开始厌倦教学。

但一次化学实验课上发生的小事故让她重新燃起了对教学的热情。

1．A.Instantly B．Fortunately
C．Hopefully D．Absolutely
解析：选B上文提到作者开始感到疲惫和沮丧，并质疑教学的价值，下文提到班级里的荒唐时刻引导她走出了黑暗，这种转变对作者而言是幸运的。

所以B项符合语境。

2．A.excited B．embarrassed
C．skeptical D．particular
解析：选A从下文“But a girl couldn't get her wick (灯芯) to burn”以及“the girl had tears in her eyes”可知，学生对于使用酒精灯是非常兴奋的(excited)，和后文小女孩无法点燃酒精灯急出眼泪形成对比。

skeptical意为“怀疑的”。

3．A.first B．best
C．last D．very
解析：选C根据下文“she could never be special”可知，女孩是那种总是最后一个(last)被选入队伍、文静内向的女生。

4．A.accepted B．denied
C．declared D．hoped
解析：选A句意：她似乎也接受了(accepted)她很普通的事实。

5．A.practice B．accidents
C．inaccuracy D．failure
解析：选D作者通常不干预学生的科学实验，因为失败(failure)也是学习过程的一部分。

6．A.dry B．big
C．thick D．long
解析：选D根据第四段中的“with a long kitchen match tried to reach the wick”可知，小女孩酒精灯的灯芯没有本来该有的长度(long)。

7．A.step in B．step aside
C．step up D．step down
解析：选A根据上文“Normally I do not interfere with science projects”可知，作者一般不干预学生实验，但是小女孩实验失败是设备问题，所以作者感到应该干涉(step in)。

step in 对应前文的interfere with。

step aside意为“走到一边；从权威地位退下”；step up意为“增加；提高”；step down意为“辞职；下台”。

8．A.proud B．aware
C．tired D．ashamed
解析：选D小女孩急出了眼泪说明小女孩不想放弃，因此相比之下，作者对自己曾经想要放弃感到羞愧(ashamed)。

9．A.happened B．attended
C．mattered D．related
解析：选C句意：在那一刻，于我而言唯一重要(matter)的事就是让小女孩成功做成实验。

10．A.fear B．smile
C．shame D．surprise
解析：选B让小女孩成功做成实验，然后面带微笑(smile)回家。

11．A.accessible B．close
C．low D．short
解析：选B句意：我离火柴很近(close)，甚至能感受到火焰。

12．A.expecting B．finding
C．missing D．imagining
解析：选A根据上文“the only thing that ________ to me was that this girl should have a successful experiment.She was going to go home that day with a ________”可知，当作者最终点燃酒精灯的时候，她得意扬扬地抬起头，期望(expecting)小女孩脸上露出微笑。

13．A.Rather B．Besides
C．Still D．Instead
解析：选D上文提到作者期望小女孩露出微笑，下文提到小女孩看着她，开始害怕地尖叫，可知与自己的预期相反(instead)。

14．A.as B．when
C．until D．since
解析：选C句意：直到(not ... until)我意识到火焰点着了我的头发我才明白为什么所有的学生都指着我。

15．A.looked B．shouted
C．hit D．waved
解析：选C根据下文“they got to hit their teacher on the head”可知，几个孩子跑过来朝作者头部打过去(hit)。

16．A.helping B．cursing
C．kidding D．amusing
解析：选A句意：他们的梦想实现了——他们可以打老师的头还可以说是帮助老师(helping)。

17．A.beginning B．pausing
C．continuing D．preparing
解析：选C句意：几分钟过后，一切都正常了。

我看着孩子们继续做(continuing)实验。

18．A.argued B．cared
C．complained D．worried
解析：选B根据转折副词yet可推断出整件事也给作者带来积极的影响，她发现自己很在意(care about)教学，和文章首段呼应。

19．A.strategy B．reason
C．scheme D．effort
解析：选D句意：我尽力去帮助别人，尽管不是特别理想，但是至少我努力(effort)了。

strategy意为“战略”；scheme意为“方案，轨迹”。

20．A.on fire B．on end
C．in sight D．in chaos
解析：选A句意：从那刻起，我决定一直如头发着火般(on fire)热情地投入教学。

一语双关，on fire既可以表示“着火”，又可以表示“充满热情”。

on end意为“连续地”；in sight意为“被看到；在视力范围之内”；in chaos 意为“混乱”。

Ⅲ.语法填空
Some of the most interesting words in English are the actual names of the people first involved in the __1__ (activity) that are conveyed by the meanings of the words.The word boycott, for instance，__2__ (come) from the case of Sir Charles Boytt, a land agent in Ireland，__3__ was ostracized (孤立) by his tenants because he refused to lower the rents.Vidkun Quisling's name __4__ (quick) became a bad __5__ (add) to the English language during World War Ⅱ.He was a Norwegian politician who betrayed his country to the Nazis，and his name, Quisling, now refers to “traitor” (叛徒)．Perhaps a common name example, at least __6__ young people around the world, is Levi's.These popular blue jeans are named after Levi Strauss, the man who first __7__(make) them in San Francisco in 1850.Perhaps __8__ most common of all is the sandwich, named for the Fourth Earl of Sandwich，who created this
quick portable meal so that __9__ would not have to leave the gambling table __10__(eat)．Other words in this unique category include lynch, watt, davenport, and zeppelin.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了英语中一些有趣单词的来历。

1．activities考查名词。

根据下文的“that are ...”可知，所填的词是名词复数。

2．comes考查时态和主谓一致。

主语是“The word boycott”，时态是一般现在时，所以动词用第三人称单数形式。

3．who考查定语从句。

先行词是指人的名词，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以填who。

4．quickly考查副词。

所填的词修饰动词became，所以用副词。

5．addition考查名词。

根据前面的bad为形容词修饰名词可知，所填的词应是名词。

6．among/for考查介词。

此处表示“在年轻人当中”或“对年轻人来说”，所以填among/for。

7．made考查时态。

根据后面的时间状语“in 1850”可知，此处用一般过去时。

8．the考查冠词。

最高级前面要用定冠词the。

9．he考查代词。

此处指代the Fourth Earl of Sandwich，所以填he。

10．to eat考查非谓语动词。

分析句子成分可知，所填的词作目的状语，所以用动词不定式。

Ⅳ.短文改错
Dear Lisa，
I'm glad to receive your letter asked about the present holiday life of Chinese students.Learning together with entertainment still take up most of our time.Besides, we often help our parents with the housework or farm work, that makes us realize how hard we work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile, we take active part in social activities, such as voluntary work.We went out to the streets to collect rubbishes or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need or make our hometown a lot of more beautiful.We find greatly pleasure in these activities.
Yours，
Li Ming
答案：第一句：asked→asking
第二句：take→takes
第三句：that→which; 第二个we→they
第四句：active前加an
第五句：went→go; rubbishes→rubbish
第六句：or→and; 去掉of
第七句：greatly→great。